专题04 时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时）讲练-【七升八】2025年新八年级英语暑期衔接讲义

专题04 时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时）讲练 一般现在时 语法解析 基本结构 ①be动词形式;②实义动词形式 常见时 间状语 表频率的副词often、 always、 usually、 sometimes等;表频率的词(组)once (twice、 three times a day/week/...)等;every day (week, month, year...)、 on Sunday等常用词组 高频 考点 ①当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,其谓语动词也要变成第三人称单数,通常在词尾加-s或-es;②由that引导的宾语从句,若从句表达的是客观真理、客观事实或自然现象等,从句的时态不受主句时态的限制,仍用一般现在时。例如: My father goes to work by bike every day. 我爸爸每天骑自行车去上班。 My father told me that one and one is two. 我爸爸告诉我一加一等于二。 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词的变化形式 ①在动词原形后加-s。如:play/plays, like/likes, work/works... ②以s、 x、 o或ch、 sh结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。如:do/does, go/goes, teach/teaches, wash/washes... ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变“y”为“i”再加-es。如:carry/carries, study/studies... ④以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-s。如:stay/stays, play/plays 注意 1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如： We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。 2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。如： The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。 The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。 随堂训练 基础题组 一．选择填空 1．Dragon Boat Festival usually ________ in June every year. A．come B．comes C．is coming D．will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：端午节通常在每年的六月。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据“usually”以及“every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Dragon Boat Festival”，用三单形式。故选B。 2．She and her classmates often ______ the old books to the school library. It makes them happy. A．give away B．gives away C．gave away D．giving away 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她和她的同学经常把旧书捐给学校图书馆。这让他们开心。 考查动词时态。give away捐赠。句中有时间副词“often”，表明动作是经常发生的，需用一般现在时，主语是“She and her classmates”，因此谓语动词需用动词原形。故选A。 3．In our daily life, good communication skills _________ a big difference in getting along well with others. A．made B．makes C．is making D．make 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我们的日常生活中，良好的沟通技巧对与他人相处有很大的影响。 考查时态。made一般过去时；makes三单形式；is making现在进行时；make动词原形。根据“In our daily life, good communication skills...a big difference in getting along well with others.”可知，本句应使用一般现在时，主语“good communication skills”为复数，故动词使用原形。故选D。 4．Many people ________ by train before the Spring Festival every year. A．travel B．travels C．traveled D．traveling 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每年春节前，许多人乘火车出行。 考查一般现在时中主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语“every year”可判断句子时态为一般现在时，在一般现在时中，当主语是复数或第一、二人称时，谓语动词用原形。本句主语“Many people”是复数，用“travel”符合语法规则。故选A。 5．Not only Tim but also Sue and I ________ interested in DIY. We often make nice things. A．am B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不仅是蒂姆，还有苏和我都对自己动手做东西感兴趣。我们常常做出很棒的东西。 考查be动词用法。根据“We often make nice things.”可知句子是一般现在时态；“Not only...but also...”在连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致，在这个句子中，离谓语动词 “be” 最近的主语是 “Sue and I”，是两个人，为复数形式，所以要用 “are”。故选B。 6．Every morning, Mr. Green ______ a coffee on his way to work. A．buys B．bought C．is buying D．will buy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天早上，格林先生在上班的路上买一杯咖啡。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“Every morning”可知，此处是一般现在时，主语Mr. Green是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其三单式。故选A。 7．—What does your father do after dinner? —He used to ________ at home but now he usually ________ a walk with my mother. A．watch TV; take B．watch TV; takes C．watches TV; takes D．watches TV; take 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——晚饭后你爸爸做什么？——他过去常在家看电视，但现在他通常和我妈妈一起散步。 考查动词时态。根据“He used to…at home”可知，考查used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，因此第一空填动词原形watch TV；根据“but now he usually…a walk with my mother.”可知，设空处描述经常性的动作，为一般现在时，主语是“he”，动词填三单形式takes。故选B。 8．My father usually ________ to work by subway every day. A．goes B．is going C．went D．will go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我爸爸通常每天乘地铁去上班。 考查动词时态。goes去，一般现在时第三人称单数；is going正在去，现在进行时；went去，一般过去时；will go将会去，一般将来时。根据“usually”和“every day”可知此处描述的是经常性的动作，且主语“My father”是第三人称单数，所以应用一般现在时第三人称单数“goes”。故选A。 9．Miss Li has a cat. She _________ it every morning before going to work. A．feeds B．fed C．will feed D．is feeding 【答案】A 【详解】句意：李小姐有一只猫。她每天早上上班前喂它。 考查时态。根据“every morning”可知，事情是每天都做的，时态为一般现在时，主语为She，动词用“三单”形式。故选A。 10．Her voice ________ sweet. It ________ a bird singing. A．sound; sounds like B．sounds like; sounds C．sounds; sounds like D．sound like; sound 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她的声音听起来很甜美。听起来像鸟儿在唱歌。 考查动词和动词短语辨析。sound听起来，系动词，后跟形容词作表语；sound like听起来像。第一处“sweet”是形容词，用sound，时态是一般现在时，主语是“Her voice”，动词用三单。故选C。 二．正确形式填空 1．Cherry always (spend) the weekend with her grandparents. 【答案】spends 【详解】句意：Cherry总是和她的祖父母一起度过周末。根据“Cherry always...”可知，主语“Cherry”是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，故谓语动词用单三形式。故填spends。 2．Tom often (do) his homework after school. 【答案】does 【详解】句意：汤姆经常放学后做作业。时态为一般现在时，主语是“Tom”，动词用三单形式。故填does。 3．On Sundays, Peter often (get) up early and helps mom with housework. 【答案】gets 【详解】句意：星期天，Peter经常很早起床并帮妈妈做家务。根据“Peter often…up early and helps mom with housework.”和所给单词提示可知，此处指起床，get up“起床”，动词短语；句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Peter”，谓语动词应用三单形式。故填gets。 4．As we all know, the sun (rise) in the east and sets in the west. 【答案】rises 【详解】句意：众所周知，太阳从东方升起，西方落下。rise“升起”；因太阳东升西落是客观事实，时态用一般现在时；主语“the sun”为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填rises。 5．How often your sister (play) the piano? 【答案】 does play 【详解】句意：你妹妹多久弹一次钢琴？句子为特殊疑问句且为一般现在时，根据主语“your sister”及实义动词“play”可知，应借助助动词does，后用动词原形play。故填does；play。 6．Tom likes vegetables very much, but he (not like) chocolate. 【答案】doesn’t like/dislikes 【详解】句意：汤姆非常喜欢蔬菜，但他不喜欢巧克力。根据前半句“Tom likes vegetables very much”可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，否定实义动词like需借助doesn’t，后接动词原形，故填doesn’t like。dislike意为“不喜欢”，主语是第三人称单数，dislike用三单形式dislikes。故填doesn’t like/dislikes。 7．My mum, Jane always me a story at night. (read) 【答案】reads 【详解】句意：我妈妈简总是在晚上给我读故事。根据“always”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是My mum，谓语动词用单三reads“读”。故填reads。 8．A cup of coffee always (bring) me energy in the morning. 【答案】brings 【详解】句意：早上一杯咖啡总能给我带来能量。根据“always”可知，时态为一般现在时，结合“A cup of coffee”可知，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，bring的第三人称单数形式为brings。故填brings。 9．I like Geography. The teacher often (teach) us by playing games. 【答案】teaches 【详解】句意：我喜欢地理。老师经常通过做游戏教我们。根据“often”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“The teacher”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式。故填teaches。 10．After dinner, he always (play) the drums for a while. 【答案】plays 【详解】句意：晚饭后，他总是打一会儿鼓。根据“always”可知，此句时态为一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式plays。故填plays。 11．My brother is really funny and he often (make) us laugh. 【答案】makes 【详解】句意：我的哥哥真地很有趣并且他经常让我们发笑。根据“often”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填makes。 12．Leaves (change) color in autumn. 【答案】change 【详解】句意：树叶在秋天变色。change“变化”，时态为一般现在时，主语为Leaves，用动词原形。故填change。 13．This family photo (mean) a lot to Tom. It’s the wallpaper on his phone. 【答案】means 【详解】句意：这张全家福对汤姆来说意义重大。这是他手机上的壁纸。观察句子结构可知，空格所填词在句中作谓语；mean“意味着”，根据句意可知，句子的时态是一般现在时，句子的主语“This family photo”是第三人称单数，所以空格所填动词是第三人称单数形式，故填means。 14．When the spring festival comes, my grandparents usually (hang) red lanterns in hope of good luck. 【答案】hang 【详解】句意：春节到来时，我的祖父母通常挂红灯笼，希望能好运。根据“usually”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语为my grandparents，谓语动词用动词原形。故填hang。 15．To tell the truth, I don’t think purple (match) your skin colour. 【答案】matches 【详解】句意：说实话，我认为紫色和你的肤色不相配。“I don’t think”后跟宾语从句，从句的主语purple是不可数名词，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式，match的三单形式是matches。故填matches。 提升题组 请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Aug 23, the Thai film How to Make Millions Before Grandma Dies(《姥姥的外孙》) came out on the Chinese mainland. It tells 1 family story. In the film, a young man 2 (name) M volunteers (自愿) to take care 3 his dying (临终的) grandma because he wants to get 4 (she) money. Without the big ups and downs we see in other 5 (film), this film looks at how important small things are. It 6 (show) the love between family members from the smallest acts (行为). Getting up early 7 (be) hard for M, but he still goes with his grandma to the hospital in the early morning. 8 fact, when he was a little boy, his grandma began to 9 (save) money for him. In the end, M learns that he doesn’t need to win his 10 (grandma) love. He had her love all the time. And her love is much more important than money. 【答案】1．a 2．named 3．of 4．her 5．films 6．shows 7．is 8．In 9．save 10．grandma’s 【导语】本文讲述了一名年轻人M因为希望获得遗产，自愿照顾临终的姥姥的家庭故事。在照顾姥姥的过程中，他意识到家人的爱比金钱更为重要。 1．句意：它讲述了一个家庭故事。此处表示泛指一个家庭故事，family以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 2．句意：在电影中，一个名叫M的年轻人自愿照顾他临终的姥姥。此处需要过去分词形式“named”作后置定语，修饰man。故填named。 3．句意：在电影中，一个名叫M的年轻人自愿照顾他临终的姥姥。此处是固定搭配take care of“照顾”。故填of。 4．句意：因为他想要得到她的钱。此处指代“姥姥的钱”，应用形容词性物主代词“her”。 故填her。 5．句意：没有其他电影中常见的大起大落。other修饰名词film的复数形式。故填films。 6． 句意：它从最小的举动表现出家庭成员之间的爱。本句是一般现在时，主语是it，为第三人称单数，故动词用其三单形式，故填shows。 7． 句意：早起对于M来说是困难的。主语Getting up early是动名词短语，谓语动词用单数is，故填is。 8．句意：事实上，当他还是个小男孩的时候，姥姥就开始为他存钱。此处为固定短语in fact“事实上”。故填In。 9．句意：事实上，当他还是个小男孩的时候，姥姥就开始为他存钱。begin to do sth.表示“开始做某事”。故填save。 10．句意：最终，M明白到他不需要赢得姥姥的爱。空后是名词，空处应用名词所有格结构，表示“姥姥的爱”，故填grandma’s。 现在进行时 语法解析 1.基本结构:主语+be动词(is/am/are)+动词-ing形式。 2.用于现在进行时的时间状语:now、 at the moment、 at this time、 these days等,有时句首也会有“Look!”或“Listen!”等提示词。 3.高频考点:通过上下文的情境确定某一动作正在进行。例如: Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园里放风筝。 4.动词现在分词的变化规则。 直接在动词原形之后加-ing look/looking, think/ thinking, study/studying 以不发音的字母-e结尾的动词,去e再加-ing come/coming, take/taking, dance/dancing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing run/running,swim/swimming,shop/shopping,stop/stopping, begin/beginning 少数几个以-ie结尾的动词,要变ie为y,再加-ing die/dying, lie/lying, tie/tying 注意 1、现在分词有规律,动词后面是-ing。遇到词尾哑音-e,去e再加-ing。一辅重读闭音节,双写之后添上去。-ie换y有几例,特殊词语特殊记。 2、现在进行时有时可表示将来发生的动作，有"意图"或"打算"的含义(用于go， come，stay，1eave，star 等表示移动的动词)。 He is corning to see you tomorrow.他明天要来看你。 They are going to the Ming tombs this coming Sunday.这个星期天他们要到十三陵去。 3、现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。如： The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。 随堂训练 基础题组 一．单项选择 1．My sister ________ now. Don’t make any noise. A．sleep B．sleeps C．is sleeping D．slept 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妹妹现在正在睡觉。不要制造噪音。 考查动词时态。根据“Don’t make any noise”以及“now”可知，设空处表示正在进行的动作，应使用现在进行时，故选C。 2．—Who ________ in the next room? —Oh, it must be Sally. I just saw her there. A．sang B．is singing C．sings D．sing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁正在隔壁唱歌？——哦，一定是莎莉。我刚刚看到她在那里。 考查动词的时态。sang唱歌，过去式；is singing正在唱歌，现在进行时；sings唱歌，第三人称单数；sing唱歌，动词原形。根据“Oh, it must be Sally. I just saw her there.”可知，此处时态为现在进行时。故选B。 3．— I called you yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — Sorry. I ________ a report on animal protection. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天我给你打电话，但是你没有接。——抱歉。我正在读一个关于动物保护的报道。 考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday”和“but you didn’t answer”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，时态为过去进行时，其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”，主语为I，be动词用was，故选C。 4．—Mom, where is dad? —Look! He ________ flowers outside. A．waters B．watered C．is watering D．will water 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，爸爸在哪里？—看！他在外面浇花。 考查时态。根据“Look”可知他正在浇花，用现在进行时be doing。故选C。 5．There will be a talent show tomorrow. We ________ for it busily now. A．are preparing B．prepares C．prepared D．will prepare 【答案】A 【详解】句意：明天将有才艺表演。我们现在正忙着准备。 考查动词时态。根据“now”可知，此处指现在正在准备，时态为现在进行时。故选A。 6．—Mum, where is Lily? —She _________ the flowers in the garden. A．waters B．watered C．is watering D．was watering 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，莉莉在哪里？——她正在花园里浇花。 考查时态。waters浇，用于一般现在时；watered用于一般过去时；is watering用于现在进行时；was watering用于过去进行时。根据问句“Where is Lily?”可知，动作是正在进行，应用现在进行时，结构为be动词+动词的现在分词，主语为单数she，be动词用is，故选C。 7．Wei Lun and his teammates are ________ the USA next week. A．leave for B．leave C．leaving for D．left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：魏伦和他的队友们下周将前往美国。 考查时态。根据“next week”可知此处表示将来的动作，可用现在进行时表示将来，故此处用现在分词。故选C。 8．—Alice, what are you doing? —Oh, I ________ some pictures. A．will draw B．am drawing C．draw D．drew 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你在做什么？——哦，我正在画一些画。 考查时态。根据问句“What are you doing?”可知用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，故选B。 9．—Alice, what are you doing? —Oh, I ________ some pictures. A．will draw B．am drawing C．draw D．drew 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你在做什么？——噢，我在画一些图片。 考查动词时态。根据“what are you doing?”可知，本句是现在进行时，结构为be doing。故选B。 10．—Is this raincoat yours? —No, mine ________ there behind the door. A．hangs B．has hung C．is hanging D．hung 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这件雨衣是你的吗？——不，我的挂在门后面。 考查时态。根据“mine...there behind the door.”可知，应表达我的雨衣正挂在门后，用现在进行时态，结构为be+doing。故选C。 二．正确形式填空 1．—What are you doing right now? —We are (shop) in the market. 【答案】shopping 【详解】句意：——现在你在做什么？——我们在市场购物。根据问句“What are you doing right now?”可知，时态为现在进行时，结构为：are+现在分词，结合所给词，shop的现在分词形式是shopping。故填shopping。 2．Look! She is (play) football now. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：看，她现在正在踢足球。根据“Look…now”可知，此处描述正在发生的事情，应该用现在进行时，动词用现在分词。故填playing。 3．—Where is your mother? —Oh, she (chat) with my grandma. 【答案】is chatting 【详解】句意：——你妈妈在哪里？——噢，她正在和我奶奶聊天。根据“Where is your mother?”可知此处是现在进行时be doing，主语是she，be动词用is，chat的现在分词是chatting。故填is chatting。 4．— the kids (water) the flowers in the garden? — No. They are flying kites. 【答案】 Are watering 【详解】句意：——孩子们在花园里给花浇水吗？——不。他们在放风筝。根据“No. They are flying kites.”可知，是在介绍他们正在进行的活动，所以用现在进行时，主语是the kids，be动词用are，放在句首构成疑问句，首字母大写；water要变成watering。故填Are；watering。 5．Hurry up, Tom! Your mother (wait) for you at the school gate. 【答案】is waiting 【详解】句意：快点，汤姆！你妈妈在校门口等你。根据“Hurry up, Tom!”可知，此处指汤姆的妈妈正在等他，所以要快点；句子应用现在进行时，其结构为“be doing”，主语是Your mother，be动词用is，后跟wait的现在分词waiting。故填is waiting。 6．Please turn down the music. Mum (sleep) in the next room. 【答案】is sleeping 【详解】句意：请把音乐调低。妈妈正在隔壁房间睡觉。根据“Please turn down the music.”可知，妈妈正在隔壁房间睡觉，才要把音乐调低，用现在进行时，结构为“am/is/are+现在分词”，主语Mum是第三人称单数，be动词用is，sleep的现在分词是sleeping。故填is sleeping。 7．Look! Some tigers (lie) on the ground in the warm sun. 【答案】are lying 【详解】句意：看！一些老虎躺在温暖的阳光下。由“Look!”可知时态是现在进行时be doing，主语是复数，be动词用are，lie的现在分词是lying。故填are lying。 8．Now Chinese food (spread) around the world quickly with some cooking videos popular on the Internet. 【答案】is spreading 【详解】句意：现在随着一些烹饪视频在互联网上的流行，中国美食正迅速传遍世界。考查现在进行时。根据“Now”可知本句应为现在进行时，谓语结构为am/is/are+doing；主语“Chinese food”为单数名词，谓语动词也应为单数形式。故填is spreading。 9．—Hello, Peter, I can’t hear you clearly. —Oh, my sister and I (enjoy) dinner outside. 【答案】are enjoying 【详解】句意：——你好，彼得，我听不清你说话。——哦，我和姐姐正在外面享受晚餐。根据“I can’t hear you clearly.”可知，听不清是因为他们现在正在外面吃晚餐，应用现在进行时表示动作正在进行，主语“my sister and I”为复数，结构用are doing。故填are enjoying。 10．Lily and Lucy (run) on the sports field now. 【答案】are running 【详解】句意：莉莉和露西现在正在运动场上跑步。根据“now”可知，句子使用现在进行时。现在进行时的结构为“主语+be动词+动词的现在分词”，“Lily and Lucy”是复数，be动词用“are”，动词“run”的现在分词为“running”，故填are running。 11．The mother is (read) a story to her son. 【答案】reading 【详解】句意：母亲正在给儿子读故事。根据“The mother is”可知，“is”后面需要接动词的现在分词形式，构成现在进行时。故填reading。 12．Billy (play) chess with his friend now. 【答案】is playing 【详解】句意：比利现在正在和他的朋友下棋。根据“now”可知，本句时态是现在进行时（be doing），主语是Billy，be动词用is，后跟现在分词playing。故填is playing。 13．Listen! Wang Ting (sing) an English song. 【答案】is singing 【详解】句意：听！王婷正在唱一首英文歌。根据“Listen!”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为be doing；主语为“Wang Ting”，be动词应用is，动词sing的现在分词为singing。故填is singing。 14．Don’t shout! Andy (sleep) in his bedroom. He is too tired. 【答案】is sleeping 【详解】句意：别喊！安迪正在他的卧室里睡觉。他太累了。根据“Don’t shout!”可知，应是正在睡觉，用现在进行时，主语是Andy，be动词用is，sleep变成现在分词sleeping。故填is sleeping。 15．—Where is Tommy? I can’t find him anywhere. —Look! He (lie) on the grass. 【答案】is lying 【详解】句意：——Tommy在哪里？我到处都找不到他。——看！他正躺在草坪上。根据“Look!”可知此句应用现在进行时，其谓语动词结构为“be+doing”，主语“He”是单数，be动词应用“is”，动词“lie”需变为现在分词“lying”。故填is lying。 提升题组 请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Michael Platte, 1 12-year-old boy, is from the USA．He likes making cupcakes. His grandma is his teacher. Now he’s good 2 making all kinds of cupcakes. He always makes 3 (health) cupcakes on Sunday afternoon and takes some to his classmates the next morning. They say the cupcakes 4 (be) good. One day, Michael sees a boy 5 (stand) in front of a cake store for about 30 minutes. He is from a shelter (收容所). He stands there and watches a big cake. The boy loves it, 6 he doesn’t have money. Michael 7 (real) wants to help the homeless kids like the boy. Then with the help of his family, Michael has a small cupcake store—Michael’s Desserts. When Michael 8 (sell) one cupcake, he gives $0.5 to the shelter. And every week he gives about $15 to it. It’s not much money. But 9 (he) small act (行为) of kindness can make a big difference to those 10 (child). 【答案】1．a 2．at 3．healthy 4．are 5．standing 6．but 7．really 8．sells 9．his 10．children 【导语】本文主要讲述了迈克尔开了一家名为“迈克尔甜品店”的蛋糕店，他把卖蛋糕所挣的钱捐一部分给收容所的故事。 1．句意：Michael Platte，一个12岁的男孩，来自美国。修饰boy应用冠词，此处表示“一个男孩”，是泛指，用不定冠词，“12-year-old”是辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．句意：现在他擅长做各种各样的纸杯蛋糕。be good at doing“擅长做某事”，是固定短语。故填at。 3．句意：他总是在星期天下午做健康的纸杯蛋糕，第二天早上带一些给他的同学。空后是名词，应用形容词healthy作定语修饰。故填healthy。 4．句意：他们说纸杯蛋糕很好。根据“say”可知时态是一般现在时。主语“cupcakes”是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 5．句意：一天，迈克尔看到一个男孩在一家蛋糕店门口站了大约30分钟。此处指他看到正在发生的事情，see sb. doing sth“看到某人正在做某事”，故填standing。 6．句意：这个男孩喜欢它，但是他没有钱。前后语义出现转折，应用but连接。故填but。 7．句意：迈克尔真的很想帮助像那个男孩一样无家可归的孩子。real是形容词，此处修饰动词，需要用副词really。故填really。 8．句意：每卖出一个小蛋糕，Michael就会给收容所0.5美元。句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填sells。 9．句意：但是他的小小善举可以对那些孩子产生影响。空后是名词短语，应用he的形容词性物主代词修饰，故填his。 10．句意：但是他的小小善举可以对那些孩子产生影响。those后跟名词复数，故填children。 一般过去时 语法解析 1.定义:一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 2.常见的时间状语:yesterday、 just now、 the day before yesterday、 ...ago、 last week(month, night, year...)、 one day、 long long ago、 once upon a time、 after+时间段、 in 1982、 the other day等。 3.高频考点:一般过去时与表示过去的时间状语连用,表示过去发生的动作;一般过去时与过去进行时的辨析。例如: —Where did you go just now? 刚才你去哪了? —I went to the park with my mother. 我和我妈妈去公园了。 I was doing homework at eight last night. 昨晚八点钟我正在做家庭作业。 4.动词过去式的规则变化。 一“直” 一般情况下,在动词原形末尾直接加-ed,如:play/played, look/looked... 二“去” 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉字母e,再加-ed,如:live/lived, use/used... 三“双” 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop/stopped, plan/planned... 四“改” 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先把“y”变为“i”再加-ed,如:study/studied, worry/worried... 5.不规则动词的过去式的构成。 (1)动词原形中的“i”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:begin/began, give/gave, ring/rang, sit/sat, drink/drank, swim/swam。 (2)动词原形中的开音节“i”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:write/wrote, drive/drove, ride/rode。 (3)动词原形中的“e”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:get/got, forget/forgot。 (4)动词原形中的“ee”变为“e”,构成过去式。如:meet/met, feed/fed。 (5)动词原形中的“eep”变为“ept”,构成过去式,可巧记为“加t去e”。如:keep/kept, sleep/slept, sweep/swept。 (6)动词原形中的“d”变为“t”,构成过去式,可巧记为“变d为t”。如:build/built, lend/lent, send/sent, spend/spent。 (7)动词原形中的“o”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:come/came, become/became。 (8)动词原形中的“an”变为“oo”,构成过去式。如:stand/stood, understand/understood。 (9)动词原形中的“ell”变为“old”,构成过去式。如:tell/told, sell/sold。 (10)动词原形中的“eak”变为“oke”,构成过去式。如:speak/spoke, break/broke。 (11)动词原形中的“aw/ow”变为“ew”,构成过去式。如:draw/drew, grow/grew, throw/threw, know/knew。 (12)以-ought, -aught结尾,构成过去式。如:think/thought, fight/fought, bring/brought, buy/bought, teach/taught, catch/caught。 (13)以字母t或d结尾的动词,其过去式与原形一样,可巧记为“六t二d”。如:put, let, hit, hurt, cost, cut, read, rid。 随堂训练 基础题组 一．单项选择 1．—Where did your mother go on vacation? —She ________ to the mountains. A．goes B．go C．went D．going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你妈妈去哪里度假？——她去山上了。 考查一般过去时。根据“Where did your mother go on vacation?”可知，时态为一般过去时。动词应用过去式形式went。故选C。 2．—What did you do last Sunday? —I ________ a movie with my friends. It was really exciting. A．watch B．watches C．watched D．am watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——上周日你做了什么？——我和我的朋友们看了一部电影。非常激动人心。 考查时态。根据“last Sunday”可知，要用一般过去时。故选C。 3．The baby ________ 3 kilogram at birth. Do you know her ________ now? A．weighs; weigh B．weighed; weight C．weighted; weigh D．weighed; weighs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个婴儿出生时重3公斤。你知道她现在的体重吗？ 考查动词和名词。weigh重，动词原形；weighs动词三单形式；weighed动词过去式；weight重量，名词。第一空，根据“The baby … 3 kilogram at birth.”可知，此处是指婴儿出生时重3公斤，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式weighed；第二空，根据空前形容词性物主代词“her”可知，此处是指她的重量，应用名词weight。故选B。 4．The guest arrived and ________ hands with us. A．will shake B．shake C．shakes D．shook 【答案】D 【详解】句意：客人到了，和我们握了握手。 考查动词时态。根据“The guest arrived and”可知，该句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。 5．—You seem to know much about this museum. —That’s true. I ________ here with my parents once. A．come B．is coming C．will come D．came 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你似乎对这个博物馆很了解 。——那是真的。我曾经和父母来过这里。 考查一般过去时。come来，动词原形，一般现在时；is coming正在来，现在进行时；will come将会来，一般将来时；came来，动词过去式，一般过去时。根据“once”，意为“曾经”，本句应为一般过去时。故选D。 6．There ________ a talent show yesterday and many students took part in it. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天有一场才艺表演，许多学生参加了。 考查动词时态和主谓一致。there be表示“有……”，结合“yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语是a talent show，单数名词，所以be动词用was。故选B。 7．—Tom, what’s wrong with your leg? —I had an accident and ________ off my bike last Sunday. A．fell B．fall C．was falling D．will fall 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tom，你的腿怎么了？——上个星期天我出了事故，从自行车上摔下来了。 考查动词时态。fell过去式；fall原形；was falling过去进行时；will fall是一般将来时。根据“last Sunday”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式fell，和前面的had并列作谓语。故选A。 8．Last Friday we ________ the foreign teacher a warm welcome at the party. A．give B．gave C．are giving D．will give 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周五我们在聚会上热烈欢迎了外籍老师。 考查动词时态。give给予，一般现在时；gave给予，一般过去时；are giving正在给予，现在进行时；will give将会给予，一般将来时。根据“Last Friday”可知此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时。故选B。 9．Tom ________ to visit the Palace Museum with his parents last Sunday. A．goes B．went C．will go D．is going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周日汤姆和他的父母去参观了故宫。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“last Sunday”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式，故选B。 10．Jimmy joined the social practice last week and ________ an important role in it. A．plays B．will play C．is playing D．played 【答案】D 【详解】句意：吉米上周参加了社会实践，并在其中发挥了重要作用。 考查时态。根据“last week”可知，是上周发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。故选D。 二．正确形式填空 1．He (break) his left leg when he fell off the bicycle. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：他从自行车上摔下来的时候把左腿摔断了。根据“when he fell off the bicycle”可知句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填broke。 2．The hens (lay) many eggs last week. 【答案】laid 【详解】句意：上周母鸡下了很多蛋。根据“last week”可知，句子应用一般过去时，lay意为“下蛋”，主语“The hens”与lay是主谓关系，应用主动语态，lay的过去式为laid。故填laid。 3．My uncle some apple trees behind his house last year. (grow) 【答案】grew 【详解】句意：去年，我叔叔在他的房子后面种了一些苹果树。根据“last year”可知，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填grew。 4．Last month,15-year-old Alkut Dilxat from Xinjiang (become) the youngest Chinese climber to reach the top of Qomolangma. 【答案】became 【详解】句意：上个月，来自新疆的15岁的Alkut Dilxat成为最年轻的登顶珠峰的中国登山者。become“变成，成为”，动词。结合“Last month”可知，该句表示过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，应用其对应的过去式。故填became。 5．All the students straight, listening to their teacher carefully when I passed. (sit) 【答案】sat 【详解】句意：我经过时，所有的学生都坐直了，认真地听老师讲课。由“when I passed”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词sit应用过去式sat。故填sat。 6．Who (teach) you Japanese last year? 【答案】taught 【详解】句意：去年谁教过你日语？根据“last year”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，teach“教”的过去式为taught。故填taught。 7．The boy (sit) down after he finished answering the question. 【答案】sat 【详解】句意：男孩回答完问题之后，他坐下了。根据“he finished”可知，横线处应填入过去式，故填sat。 8．When I walked towards the white rabbit, it away quickly. (run) 【答案】ran 【详解】句意：当我走向那只白兔时，它很快就跑开了。run“跑”，动词；由“When I walked towards the white rabbit”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填ran。 9．One day last year, I (decide) to leave my job and tried to make my hobby my career. 【答案】decided 【详解】句意：去年的一天，我决定辞去工作，并试图将我的爱好作为我的职业。结合“One day last year”可知时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填decided。 10．Henry (leave) his hometown in 1990 and never went back. 【答案】left 【详解】句意：亨利于1990年离开家乡，再也没有回去过。根据“in 1990”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，动词leave“离开”应用过去式。故填left。 三．完成句子 1．我直到昨天晚上才收到Tom的信. I Tom last night. 【答案】 didn’t hear from until 【详解】根据中文提示可知，直到……才：not...until...；收到……来信：hear from。句子时态是一般过去时态，用助动词did。故填didn’t；hear；from；until。 2．当我看见她的时候，我大吃一惊。 When I saw her, I a . 【答案】 got surprise 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，空格处应填意为“大吃一惊”的短语。get a surprise为动词短语，意为“大吃一惊”，且根据上文谓语“saw”提示，此处指的是过去发生的事，故动词get应用过去式got。故填got；surprise。 3．她拿起电话说道：“你好！” She the telephone and said: “Hello!” 【答案】 picked up 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查短语pick up“拿起”。结合“said”可知，时态是一般过去时，pick用其过去式。故填picked；up。 4．这个小宝宝指着一幅图片发出声音。 The little baby a picture and made a sound. 【答案】pointed at 【详解】point at“指着”，根据“made”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填pointed at。 5．三年前他的愿望实现了。 His wish three years ago. 【答案】 came true 【详解】空处缺少“实现”的表达，用动词短语come true表示，结合“three years ago”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用动词的过去式，故填came；true。 6．我冲着狗大叫，希望他别过来。 I the dog and wished it not to come to me. 【答案】shouted at 【详解】对照中英文可知缺少“冲着……大叫”，“冲着……大叫”shout at，固定短语。根据wished可知句子为一般过去时，所以谓语动词用过去式shouted。故填shouted at。 7．她试用了许多办法来修理电脑。 She many ways to repair her computer. 【答案】 tried out 【详解】try out“试用”，动作发生在过去，动词用过去式，故填tried；out。 8．你以前经常在开心时唱歌吗？ Did you when you were happy? 【答案】 use to sing 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“以前经常唱歌”；used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，固定词组；根据空前的“Did”可知，此处应用动词原形；sing“唱歌”。故填use；to；sing。 9．我们一直等到所有的灯都亮了。 We waited . 【答案】until all the lights were on 【详解】根据“一直等到”可知可用until引导的时间状语从句，且为一般过去时。all the lights“所有的灯”作主语，且属于复数，谓语用动词短语be on“亮了”，be动词用were。故填until all the lights were on。 10．他 12岁就辍学开始工作了。 He . 【答案】dropped out of school and began to work when he was 12/dropped out of school and began to work when he was twelve/dropped out of school and began to work at the age of 12/dropped out of school and began to work at 12 【详解】对照中英文，设空处缺“12岁就辍学开始工作了”，可用when引导时间状语从句，主句从句均用一般过去时。when“当……”；he“他”，从句主语；was“是”；12/twelve“12岁”，作表语；at the age of 12/at 12“12岁时”；dropped out of school“辍学”；began to work开始工作。故填dropped out of school and began to work when he was 12/twelve/at (the age of) 12。 综合训练 一．语法选择 I knocked into a stranger as he walked by me.“Oh, excuse me,” I said.He 　1　 with a smile and said, “Please excuse me too. I wasn't watching out for you.” We apologized and left.  Later that day, when I 　2　, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. “You should 　3　 out of the way!” I shouted. She walked away sadly. But I 　4　 feel that I had to apologize to her.  While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, “While dealing with a stranger, you were polite, but with the one you 　5　, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You 　6　 them in the kitchen by the door. Have you 　7　 the tears in her eyes?”  I quietly went and knelt down by my daughter's bed.“Honey, I am so sorry. Are these the flowers you picked for me?” I said. “I found them by the tree. I picked them for you. I knew you 　8　 like them, especially the blue ones,” she said.  I tearfully replied, “Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I 　9　 today. I shouldn't have shouted at you.”  “It's okay. I love you anyway,” she said as she kissed me on my cheek. If we 　10　 be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?  1.A.reply　　　 B.replies C.replied　　　 D.is replying 2.A.cook　　　 B.cooks C.cooked　　　 D.was cooking 3.A.move　　　 B.moving C.moves　　　 D.moved 4.A.weren't　　　 B.don't　　　 C.won't　　　 D.didn't 5.A.love　　　 B.loves C.loved　　　 D.will love 6.A.find　　　 B.finds　　　 C.will find　　　 D.found 7.A.see　　　 B.seen　　　 C.sees　　　 D.saw 8.A.did　　　 B.would　　　 C.could　　　 D.had 9.A.act　　　 B.acted C.am acting　　　 D.was acting 10.A.can　　　 B.could　　　 C.may　　　 D.might 文章讲述作者路上撞到陌生人时,尚能够做到诚恳道歉,但差点撞倒女儿时自己却表现得十分不友好。后来在丈夫的提醒下作者意识到了自己的错误并向女儿道歉,得到了女儿的谅解。 1.C　根据前文中的said可知,此处应用一般过去时态,故选C。 2.D　根据语境可知,事情发生在那天的晚些时候,在作者做饭的过程中,应用过去进行时。故选D。 3.A　should后应用动词原形,故选A。 4.D　根据后面的had可知,此处应用一般过去时,故选D。 5.A　在本句中,you love是定语从句,修饰先行词the one。此处丈夫所说的话是对平时事实的描述,应用一般现在时。故选A。 6.C　丈夫告诉作者时,作者还没有发现,所以用一般将来时态。故选C。 7.B　本句是丈夫问作者是否已经看到了女儿的眼泪,故用现在完成时态。故选B。 8.B　此处表示“你会喜欢它们”原本应该用you will like them,但因为主句I knew用的是一般过去时,因此这里应该把will变成would, 故选B。 9.B　由上下文可知,此处是作者为自己之前的行为感到抱歉,故选B。 10.A　根据下文的why can't we...可知,选A。此处can表能够。 二．短文填空 One day, a wise old man 　1　(walk) in the yard when he saw his grandson having an argument with his wife. He asked his grandson, “Why do you raise your voice every time you argue with your wife?”  His grandson answered, “I 　2　 my voice so that my voice is heard.”  “Your wife is close enough for her to hear you when you say the same sentence in a calm manner. Why do you have to raise your voice?” the grandfather 　3　.  “Perhaps because I need to let off some steam (发泄一些怒火) by raising my voice,” his grandson replied. “The steam 　4　(go) out in the same way if you whisper (小声说) to her. So why do that?”  “I've already 　5　 her what I think, but it seems that she doesn't understand my point of view,” the man said unwillingly (不情愿地).   “But you are hurting your wife's feeling while you are shouting at her,” the old man said angrily. “In fact, if you whisper softly, you can both hear each other clearly. So stop raising your voice when you talk to her.” His grandson nodded his head. 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　  本文讲述一位老人看到自己的孙子每次和妻子说话都会提高嗓门,于是对他进行了教育,希望孙子对自己所爱的人要温柔些。 1.was walking　根据语境可知,孙子和妻子在争吵时老人正在散步,又因本文为故事题材,故此处用过去进行时。 2.raise　本句引用孙子说的原话,是孙子一贯的行为,故用一般现在时。此处表示“提高嗓门”,且上文已出现raise,故此空应填raise。 3.asked　本文属于故事题材,时态应用过去时。根据上文“Why do you have to raise your voice?”可知,爷爷是在质问孙子,且上文第一次发问时已出现asked,故此空应填asked。 4.will go　在本句中,if引导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句应用一般将来时。故答案应填will go。 5.told　根据I've already可知,本句时态为现在完成时。根据语境可知,孙子说他已经告诉他妻子自己的想法了。这里不能用said,spoken或talked,因为这三个词都不可以直接跟人称代词做宾语。 三．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How are you? I’m in 1 new school this term. And I am writing to you in my school now. My new school is big and nice and its 2 (ten) birthday is coming this weekend. There are 1,400 students and 140 teachers in my school. We like the teachers. They are very nice to us. My classmates are really 3 (friend), too. They teach me Chinese and I teach 4 (they) English. Look! This is our classroom. It’s big 5 tidy. You can see a map on the wall. It’s a map of China. You can also find a bookcase in the classroom. The books in it are 6 (we). There are trees, 7 (flower) and green grass in the school. They are very beautiful. Behind my school there is a small river, and the water 8 (be) quite clean. We have no classes on Saturdays or Sundays. Sometimes I go to play football. Sometimes I stay at home and watch TV. Sometimes I go shopping 9 my father and mother. We all like China. If you are free, what about 10 (come) to my school? I will show you around. 【答案】1．a 2．tenth 3．friendly 4．them 5．and 6．ours 7．flowers 8．is 9．with 10．coming 【导语】本文是Jack写信告诉Tom一些关于他的新学校的一些情况。 1．句意：这学期我在一所新学校。空处修饰“new school”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，new是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰。故填a。 2．句意：我的新学校又大又漂亮，这个周末它的十周年生日就要到了。根据“birthday”可知，应该使用序数词，“ten”的序数词为“tenth”。故填tenth。 3．句意：我的同学们也真的很友好。根据“are”可知，后接形容词，“friend”的形容词为“friendly”。故填friendly。 4．句意：他们教我中文，我教他们英语。空处作动词teach的宾语，应用宾格。故填them。 5．句意：它又大又整洁。根据“big”和“tidy”表示并列可知，应该使用“and”，表示“又，和”。故填and。 6．句意：里面的书是我们的。空处指代的是“我们的书”，空后没有名词，应用名词性物主代词。故填ours。 7．句意：学校里有树、花和绿草。此处与trees和grass保持并列关系，flower是可数名词，应用复数形式。故填flowers。 8．句意：学校后面有一条小河，河水相当干净。根据“clean”可知，应该使用“be”动词，根据主语“the water”，且时态为一般现在时，所以应该使用“is”。故填is。 9．句意：有时我和爸爸妈妈一起去购物。根据“I go shopping...my father and mother”可知，此处指的是“和……一起”，应用介词with。故填with。 10．句意：如果你有空，来我的学校怎么样？about是介词，后接动名词形式。故填coming。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时）讲练 一般现在时 语法解析 基本结构 ①be动词形式;②实义动词形式 常见时 间状语 表频率的副词often、 always、 usually、 sometimes等;表频率的词(组)once (twice、 three times a day/week/...)等;every day (week, month, year...)、 on Sunday等常用词组 高频 考点 ①当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,其谓语动词也要变成第三人称单数,通常在词尾加-s或-es;②由that引导的宾语从句,若从句表达的是客观真理、客观事实或自然现象等,从句的时态不受主句时态的限制,仍用一般现在时。例如: My father goes to work by bike every day. 我爸爸每天骑自行车去上班。 My father told me that one and one is two. 我爸爸告诉我一加一等于二。 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词的变化形式 ①在动词原形后 。如:play/plays, like/likes, work/works... ②以s、 x、 o或ch、 sh结尾的动词, 。如:do/does, go/goes, teach/teaches, wash/washes... ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词, 。如:carry/carries, study/studies... ④以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,在词尾 。如:stay/stays, play/plays 注意 1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如： We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。 2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。如： The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。 The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。 随堂训练 基础题组 一．选择填空 1．Dragon Boat Festival usually ________ in June every year. A．come B．comes C．is coming D．will come 2．She and her classmates often ______ the old books to the school library. It makes them happy. A．give away B．gives away C．gave away D．giving away 3．In our daily life, good communication skills _________ a big difference in getting along well with others. A．made B．makes C．is making D．make 4．Many people ________ by train before the Spring Festival every year. A．travel B．travels C．traveled D．traveling 5．Not only Tim but also Sue and I ________ interested in DIY. We often make nice things. A．am B．are C．was D．were 6．Every morning, Mr. Green ______ a coffee on his way to work. A．buys B．bought C．is buying D．will buy 7．—What does your father do after dinner? —He used to ________ at home but now he usually ________ a walk with my mother. A．watch TV; take B．watch TV; takes C．watches TV; takes D．watches TV; take 8．My father usually ________ to work by subway every day. A．goes B．is going C．went D．will go 9．Miss Li has a cat. She _________ it every morning before going to work. A．feeds B．fed C．will feed D．is feeding 10．Her voice ________ sweet. It ________ a bird singing. A．sound; sounds like B．sounds like; sounds C．sounds; sounds like D．sound like; sound 二．正确形式填空 1．Cherry always (spend) the weekend with her grandparents. 2．Tom often (do) his homework after school. 3．On Sundays, Peter often (get) up early and helps mom with housework. 4．As we all know, the sun (rise) in the east and sets in the west. 5．How often your sister (play) the piano? 6．Tom likes vegetables very much, but he (not like) chocolate. 7．My mum, Jane always me a story at night. (read) 8．A cup of coffee always (bring) me energy in the morning. 9．I like Geography. The teacher often (teach) us by playing games. 10．After dinner, he always (play) the drums for a while. 11．My brother is really funny and he often (make) us laugh. 12．Leaves (change) color in autumn. 13．This family photo (mean) a lot to Tom. It’s the wallpaper on his phone. 14．When the spring festival comes, my grandparents usually (hang) red lanterns in hope of good luck. 15．To tell the truth, I don’t think purple (match) your skin colour. 提升题组 请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Aug 23, the Thai film How to Make Millions Before Grandma Dies(《姥姥的外孙》) came out on the Chinese mainland. It tells 1 family story. In the film, a young man 2 (name) M volunteers (自愿) to take care 3 his dying (临终的) grandma because he wants to get 4 (she) money. Without the big ups and downs we see in other 5 (film), this film looks at how important small things are. It 6 (show) the love between family members from the smallest acts (行为). Getting up early 7 (be) hard for M, but he still goes with his grandma to the hospital in the early morning. 8 fact, when he was a little boy, his grandma began to 9 (save) money for him. In the end, M learns that he doesn’t need to win his 10 (grandma) love. He had her love all the time. And her love is much more important than money. 现在进行时 语法解析 1.基本结构:主语+be动词(is/am/are)+动词-ing形式。 2.用于现在进行时的时间状语:now、 at the moment、 at this time、 these days等,有时句首也会有“Look!”或“Listen!”等提示词。 3.高频考点:通过上下文的情境确定某一动作正在进行。例如: Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园里放风筝。 4.动词现在分词的变化规则。 直接在动词 look/looking, think/ thinking, study/studying 以不发音的字母-e结尾的动词, come/coming, take/taking, dance/dancing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词, run/running,swim/swimming,shop/shopping,stop/stopping, begin/beginning 少数几个以-ie结尾的动词, die/dying, lie/lying, tie/tying 注意 1、现在分词有规律,动词后面是-ing。遇到词尾哑音-e,去e再加-ing。一辅重读闭音节,双写之后添上去。-ie换y有几例,特殊词语特殊记。 2、现在进行时有时可表示将来发生的动作，有"意图"或"打算"的含义(用于go， come，stay，1eave，star 等表示移动的动词)。 He is corning to see you tomorrow.他明天要来看你。 They are going to the Ming tombs this coming Sunday.这个星期天他们要到十三陵去。 3、现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。如： The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。 随堂训练 基础题组 一．单项选择 1．My sister ________ now. Don’t make any noise. A．sleep B．sleeps C．is sleeping D．slept 2．—Who ________ in the next room? —Oh, it must be Sally. I just saw her there. A．sang B．is singing C．sings D．sing 3．— I called you yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — Sorry. I ________ a report on animal protection. A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read 4．—Mom, where is dad? —Look! He ________ flowers outside. A．waters B．watered C．is watering D．will water 5．There will be a talent show tomorrow. We ________ for it busily now. A．are preparing B．prepares C．prepared D．will prepare 6．—Mum, where is Lily? —She _________ the flowers in the garden. A．waters B．watered C．is watering D．was watering 7．Wei Lun and his teammates are ________ the USA next week. A．leave for B．leave C．leaving for D．left 8．—Alice, what are you doing? —Oh, I ________ some pictures. A．will draw B．am drawing C．draw D．drew 9．—Alice, what are you doing? —Oh, I ________ some pictures. A．will draw B．am drawing C．draw D．drew 10．—Is this raincoat yours? —No, mine ________ there behind the door. A．hangs B．has hung C．is hanging D．hung 二．正确形式填空 1．—What are you doing right now? —We are (shop) in the market. 2．Look! She is (play) football now. 3．—Where is your mother? —Oh, she (chat) with my grandma. 4．— the kids (water) the flowers in the garden? — No. They are flying kites. 5．Hurry up, Tom! Your mother (wait) for you at the school gate. 6．Please turn down the music. Mum (sleep) in the next room. 7．Look! Some tigers (lie) on the ground in the warm sun. 8．Now Chinese food (spread) around the world quickly with some cooking videos popular on the Internet. 9．—Hello, Peter, I can’t hear you clearly. —Oh, my sister and I (enjoy) dinner outside. 10．Lily and Lucy (run) on the sports field now. 11．The mother is (read) a story to her son. 12．Billy (play) chess with his friend now. 13．Listen! Wang Ting (sing) an English song. 14．Don’t shout! Andy (sleep) in his bedroom. He is too tired. 15．—Where is Tommy? I can’t find him anywhere. —Look! He (lie) on the grass. 提升题组 请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Michael Platte, 1 12-year-old boy, is from the USA．He likes making cupcakes. His grandma is his teacher. Now he’s good 2 making all kinds of cupcakes. He always makes 3 (health) cupcakes on Sunday afternoon and takes some to his classmates the next morning. They say the cupcakes 4 (be) good. One day, Michael sees a boy 5 (stand) in front of a cake store for about 30 minutes. He is from a shelter (收容所). He stands there and watches a big cake. The boy loves it, 6 he doesn’t have money. Michael 7 (real) wants to help the homeless kids like the boy. Then with the help of his family, Michael has a small cupcake store—Michael’s Desserts. When Michael 8 (sell) one cupcake, he gives $0.5 to the shelter. And every week he gives about $15 to it. It’s not much money. But 9 (he) small act (行为) of kindness can make a big difference to those 10 (child). 一般过去时 语法解析 1.定义:一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 2.常见的时间状语:yesterday、 just now、 the day before yesterday、 ...ago、 last week(month, night, year...)、 one day、 long long ago、 once upon a time、 after+时间段、 in 1982、 the other day等。 3.高频考点:一般过去时与表示过去的时间状语连用,表示过去发生的动作;一般过去时与过去进行时的辨析。例如: —Where did you go just now? 刚才你去哪了? —I went to the park with my mother. 我和我妈妈去公园了。 I was doing homework at eight last night. 昨晚八点钟我正在做家庭作业。 4.动词过去式的规则变化。 一“直” 一般情况下,在动词原形末尾 ,如:play/played, look/looked... 二“去” 以不发音字母e结尾的动词, ,如:live/lived, use/used... 三“双” 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词, ,如:stop/stopped, plan/planned... 四“改” 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词, ,如:study/studied, worry/worried... 5.不规则动词的过去式的构成。 (1)动词原形中的“i”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:begin/began, give/gave, ring/rang, sit/sat, drink/drank, swim/swam。 (2)动词原形中的开音节“i”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:write/wrote, drive/drove, ride/rode。 (3)动词原形中的“e”变为“o”,构成过去式。如:get/got, forget/forgot。 (4)动词原形中的“ee”变为“e”,构成过去式。如:meet/met, feed/fed。 (5)动词原形中的“eep”变为“ept”,构成过去式,可巧记为“加t去e”。如:keep/kept, sleep/slept, sweep/swept。 (6)动词原形中的“d”变为“t”,构成过去式,可巧记为“变d为t”。如:build/built, lend/lent, send/sent, spend/spent。 (7)动词原形中的“o”变为“a”,构成过去式。如:come/came, become/became。 (8)动词原形中的“an”变为“oo”,构成过去式。如:stand/stood, understand/understood。 (9)动词原形中的“ell”变为“old”,构成过去式。如:tell/told, sell/sold。 (10)动词原形中的“eak”变为“oke”,构成过去式。如:speak/spoke, break/broke。 (11)动词原形中的“aw/ow”变为“ew”,构成过去式。如:draw/drew, grow/grew, throw/threw, know/knew。 (12)以-ought, -aught结尾,构成过去式。如:think/thought, fight/fought, bring/brought, buy/bought, teach/taught, catch/caught。 (13)以字母t或d结尾的动词,其过去式与原形一样,可巧记为“六t二d”。如:put, let, hit, hurt, cost, cut, read, rid。 随堂训练 基础题组 一．单项选择 1．—Where did your mother go on vacation? —She ________ to the mountains. A．goes B．go C．went D．going 2．—What did you do last Sunday? —I ________ a movie with my friends. It was really exciting. A．watch B．watches C．watched D．am watching 3．The baby ________ 3 kilogram at birth. Do you know her ________ now? A．weighs; weigh B．weighed; weight C．weighted; weigh D．weighed; weighs 4．The guest arrived and ________ hands with us. A．will shake B．shake C．shakes D．shook 5．—You seem to know much about this museum. —That’s true. I ________ here with my parents once. A．come B．is coming C．will come D．came 6．There ________ a talent show yesterday and many students took part in it. A．is B．was C．are D．were 7．—Tom, what’s wrong with your leg? —I had an accident and ________ off my bike last Sunday. A．fell B．fall C．was falling D．will fall 8．Last Friday we ________ the foreign teacher a warm welcome at the party. A．give B．gave C．are giving D．will give 9．Tom ________ to visit the Palace Museum with his parents last Sunday. A．goes B．went C．will go D．is going 10．Jimmy joined the social practice last week and ________ an important role in it. A．plays B．will play C．is playing D．played 二．正确形式填空 1．He (break) his left leg when he fell off the bicycle. 2．The hens (lay) many eggs last week. 3．My uncle some apple trees behind his house last year. (grow) 4．Last month,15-year-old Alkut Dilxat from Xinjiang (become) the youngest Chinese climber to reach the top of Qomolangma. 5．All the students straight, listening to their teacher carefully when I passed. (sit) 6．Who (teach) you Japanese last year? 7．The boy (sit) down after he finished answering the question. 8．When I walked towards the white rabbit, it away quickly. (run) 9．One day last year, I (decide) to leave my job and tried to make my hobby my career. 10．Henry (leave) his hometown in 1990 and never went back. 三．完成句子 1．我直到昨天晚上才收到Tom的信. I Tom last night. 2．当我看见她的时候，我大吃一惊。 When I saw her, I a . 3．她拿起电话说道：“你好！” She the telephone and said: “Hello!” 4．这个小宝宝指着一幅图片发出声音。 The little baby a picture and made a sound. 5．三年前他的愿望实现了。 His wish three years ago. 6．我冲着狗大叫，希望他别过来。 I the dog and wished it not to come to me. 7．她试用了许多办法来修理电脑。 She many ways to repair her computer. 8．你以前经常在开心时唱歌吗？ Did you when you were happy? 9．我们一直等到所有的灯都亮了。 We waited . 10．他 12岁就辍学开始工作了。 He . 综合训练 一．语法选择 I knocked into a stranger as he walked by me.“Oh, excuse me,” I said.He 　1　 with a smile and said, “Please excuse me too. I wasn't watching out for you.” We apologized and left.  Later that day, when I 　2　, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. “You should 　3　 out of the way!” I shouted. She walked away sadly. But I 　4　 feel that I had to apologize to her.  While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, “While dealing with a stranger, you were polite, but with the one you 　5　, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You 　6　 them in the kitchen by the door. Have you 　7　 the tears in her eyes?”  I quietly went and knelt down by my daughter's bed.“Honey, I am so sorry. Are these the flowers you picked for me?” I said. “I found them by the tree. I picked them for you. I knew you 　8　 like them, especially the blue ones,” she said.  I tearfully replied, “Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I 　9　 today. I shouldn't have shouted at you.”  “It's okay. I love you anyway,” she said as she kissed me on my cheek. If we 　10　 be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?  1.A.reply　　　 B.replies C.replied　　　 D.is replying 2.A.cook　　　 B.cooks C.cooked　　　 D.was cooking 3.A.move　　　 B.moving C.moves　　　 D.moved 4.A.weren't　　　 B.don't　　　 C.won't　　　 D.didn't 5.A.love　　　 B.loves C.loved　　　 D.will love 6.A.find　　　 B.finds　　　 C.will find　　　 D.found 7.A.see　　　 B.seen　　　 C.sees　　　 D.saw 8.A.did　　　 B.would　　　 C.could　　　 D.had 9.A.act　　　 B.acted C.am acting　　　 D.was acting 10.A.can　　　 B.could　　　 C.may　　　 D.might 二．短文填空 One day, a wise old man 　1　(walk) in the yard when he saw his grandson having an argument with his wife. He asked his grandson, “Why do you raise your voice every time you argue with your wife?”  His grandson answered, “I 　2　 my voice so that my voice is heard.”  “Your wife is close enough for her to hear you when you say the same sentence in a calm manner. Why do you have to raise your voice?” the grandfather 　3　.  “Perhaps because I need to let off some steam (发泄一些怒火) by raising my voice,” his grandson replied. “The steam 　4　(go) out in the same way if you whisper (小声说) to her. So why do that?”  “I've already 　5　 her what I think, but it seems that she doesn't understand my point of view,” the man said unwillingly (不情愿地).   “But you are hurting your wife's feeling while you are shouting at her,” the old man said angrily. “In fact, if you whisper softly, you can both hear each other clearly. So stop raising your voice when you talk to her.” His grandson nodded his head. 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　  三．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How are you? I’m in 1 new school this term. And I am writing to you in my school now. My new school is big and nice and its 2 (ten) birthday is coming this weekend. There are 1,400 students and 140 teachers in my school. We like the teachers. They are very nice to us. My classmates are really 3 (friend), too. They teach me Chinese and I teach 4 (they) English. Look! This is our classroom. It’s big 5 tidy. You can see a map on the wall. It’s a map of China. You can also find a bookcase in the classroom. The books in it are 6 (we). There are trees, 7 (flower) and green grass in the school. They are very beautiful. Behind my school there is a small river, and the water 8 (be) quite clean. We have no classes on Saturdays or Sundays. Sometimes I go to play football. Sometimes I stay at home and watch TV. Sometimes I go shopping 9 my father and mother. We all like China. If you are free, what about 10 (come) to my school? I will show you around. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$