Unit 1 课时3 Grammar（课件）英语沪教版五四2024八年级上册

Unit 1 Water Grammar in use 沪教版（五四）2024 英语 八年级 第一学期 Objectives 教学目标： 通过本节课的学习，学生 1. 能够掌握时间状语从句，特别是标志性的连接词，例如：when, while, until, as soon as, by the time等，并能够区分不同之处。（学习理解） 2. 能够根据语法规则，把两个短句通过合理的逻辑分析，运用时间状语连接成一句正确的复合句，并尝试解释其缘由。（应用实践） 3. 能够在完成练习的过程中了解温室效应的危害，并进一步提高保护环境的意识。（迁移创新） Adverbial clauses of time (I) 时间状语从句 (1) We will have about a month before it dries up. (2) When the pot is full, I take it to the nearby bathing rock. (3) I can feel the heat as the water wets my head and my neck. (4) I carefully rub the soap into my hair and skin until every drop of water is fully used. Read and think How are the underlined clauses formed? (1) In each sentence above, the underlined clause starts with a linking word (e.g.before, when, as, until) and says □when □ how□ why an action happens.We therefore call this an "adverbial clause of time". (2)An adverbial clause of time comes □before □after □ either before or after the main clause. Work out the rules √ √ Other rules while + 只可以加延续性动词，且时态一致 While Dad was drinking Cola, Mom was sleeping in her bed. 当... 时： when/ while/ as when + 延续性或瞬间动词都可以 When Dad was drinking Cola, Mom went to bed. Dad was drinking Cola when Mom went to bed. Other rules as + 只可以加延续性动词；强调同时，一边... 一边... As Dad was drinking Coke, he saw Mom going to the bedroom. We walked as we sang last Sunday. Other rules 延续性动词: 可以延续的动作, 几秒钟之内无法合理完成的事情 play, run, write, sleep, be on, work, ... 瞬间动词：无法延续，几秒内就结束做完了 get up, die, enter, start, end, start, end ... Other rules until= till 直到... I watched TV until Mom came home last night. ... not... until 直到... 才... I didn't watch TV until Mom came home last night. 自从: since 直到: until Other rules as soon as 若讨论现在，遵守主将从现 I will call you as soon as I arrive. 若为以前发生的事，都是过去时 I called you as soon as I arrived. ... 发生的前/ 后： before, after 一... 就...: as soon as (1) people drive cars and build factories/ they produce greenhouse gases (2) more and more greenhouse gases trap extra heat/ our planet continues to warm Practise: P 12 When people drive cars and build factories, they produce greenhouse gases. As more and more greenhouse gases trap extra heat, our planet continues to warm. (3) the Earth warms/ glaciers begin to melt (4) glaciers melt/ sea levels rise, endangering low-lying places Practise: P 12 When the Earth warms, glaciers begin to melt. As glaciers melt, sea levels rise, endangering low-lying places. (5) If the problem continues/ all the glaciers melt/ sea levels could rise by about 70 metres (6) we must take action/ it becomes too late Practise: P 12-13 If the problem continues, when all the glaciers melt, sea levels could rise by about 70 metres. We must take action before it becomes too late. Practise: P13 when, before, after, until After water from rivers or lakes gets cleaned in a plant, it comes to our home through pipes. It’s time to enjoy your shower until the water becomes warm. After water from rivers or lakes gets cleaned in a plant, it ... Before the warm water, cold water often comes out first. Be patient and wait. When we turn on the hot tap, the boiler starts heating water. 1. I was just about to go out ______ it started to rain. 2. She didn't leave her office ________ she finished all the work. Other exercises when until - 解析：这里需要一个表示“当……时候”的时间状语从句引导词，强调一个动作发生时另一个动作即将发生。“when” 符合语境，表示“正当我准备出去的时候，开始下雨了”。 - 解析：“not...until” 是固定搭配，表示“直到……才……”，这句话意思是“她直到完成所有工作才离开她的办公室”。 3. As soon as he arrived home, he ______ (lie) down and fell asleep. 4. While I was reading, my sister ______________ (watch) TV. Other exercises lay was watching - 解析：“as soon as” 引导时间状语从句，表示 “一……就……”。主句描述的动作发生在从句动作之后，根据语境，此处应用一般过去时，动词 lie 的过去式是 lay，但 lie 表示“躺下”时，过去式是 lay，过去分词是 lain，所以这里填 lay。 - 解析：“while” 引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时进行。从句用过去进行时“was reading”，主句也应用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。watch 的现在分词形式是 watching。 5. I will call you ____________ I get there. 6. He waited ________ the rain stopped. Other exercises as soon as until - 解析：“as soon as” 表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，这里表示“我一到那里就给你打电话”。 - 解析：“until” 表示“直到……为止”，常与表示持续性动作的动词连用，这里“waited” 是持续性动作，意思是“他一直等到雨停”。 7. When the teacher came in, the students __________ (stop) talking. 8. By the time he got to the station, the train __________ (leave). Other exercises stopped had left - 解析：“when” 引导时间状语从句，主句描述的动作发生在从句动作之后。根据语境，学生在老师进来这个动作发生后停止说话，应用一般过去时，stop 的过去式是 stopped。 - 解析：“by the time” 引导时间状语从句，表示“到……时候为止”，主句常用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。leave 的过去分词是 left，所以这里填 had left。 9. ______ the clock struck twelve, the fireworks began to go off. 10. She had learned a thousand English words ______________ she was ten. Other exercises When by the time - 解析：这里需要一个表示“在……时候”的时间状语从句引导词，强调一个特定时间点发生的动作。“when” 符合语境，表示“当钟表敲响十二点时，烟花开始燃放”。 - 解析：“by the time” 表示“到……时候为止”，常与过去完成时连用，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。这里意思是“她十岁时已经学了一千个英语单词了”。 11. None of us knew what had happened ______ they told us about it. 12. Make sure the tea is not too hot __________ you drink it. Other exercises until before - 解析：“not...until” 是固定搭配，表示“直到……才……”。这句话意思是“他们告诉我们之前，我们没有人知道发生了什么事”。强调在“they told us about it”这个动作发生之前，“我们”处于不知道的状态，直到这个动作发生后，情况才改变。 - 解析：“before” 在这里引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”。句子意思是“在你喝（茶）之前，确保茶不要太烫”，强调喝茶这个动作发生之前的注意事项。 13. We were just about to leave ______ the phone rang. 14. ______ the boy got older, he learnt that true friends were hard to find. Other exercises when As - 解析：be about to do...when...” 是常见结构，表示“正要做……这时……”。这里描述的是“我们”正准备离开的时候，电话响了，“when” 用于引导这个时间状语从句，强调两个动作在时间上的紧密关联，一个动作即将发生时另一个动作突然发生。 - 解析：“as” 引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……”。句子意思是“随着这个男孩长大，他明白了真正的朋友很难找到”，强调随着时间的推移（男孩年龄增长这个过程），他的认知发生了变化。 15. I didn't realize the truth ______ I read the book myself. 16. She sang a song ________ she was doing the housework. Other exercises until while - 解析：“not...until”结构在此句中表示“直到……才……”。句子意思是“直到我自己读了这本书，我才意识到真相”。强调在“read the book myself”这个动作发生之前，一直处于“didn't realize the truth”的状态，直到这个动作完成后，情况才改变。 - 解析：“while”引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，且从句动作多为持续性动作。这里意思是“她在做家务的时候唱了一首歌”，说明唱歌这个动作和做家务这个动作是同时进行的。 17. 直到他的妈妈回来，Tommy才去睡觉。 18. 当我们在公园里散步的时候，开始下雨了。 19. 电话响的时候，我正在阅读《哈利波特》。 Other exercises: Translation Tommy didn't go to bed until his mother came back. While we were walking in the park, it started to rain. I was reading the novel Harry Potter when the phone rang. Homework 1. 基础作业：完成教材配套的练习册内容， 完成时间状语从句的练习卷。 2. 进阶作业：以时间状语从句为主题，画一幅美观的 思维导图。 $$