衔接点14 名词性从句（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点14 名词性从句（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中主要学习宾语从句与表语从句的用法。重点学习宾语从句的基本结构（引导词 + 陈述句语序）；主语从句、同位语从句接触的比较少。 在高中阶段，我们将着重学习主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，以它的各种连接词为学习主线，之后讲述表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中名词性从句考点聚焦】 初中名词性从句考点聚焦宾语从句从属连词的选择、语序及时态一致。 1．—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________? —Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there. A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly 2．—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________? —Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive. A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill 3． I can’t wait to know _______. Maybe it is a world full of challenges. A．what is senior high school life like B．what senior high school life is like C．what was senior high school life like D．what senior high school life was like 4．—I don’t know ________. —Let’s ask the locals here. A．when will the exam start B．if this is the right way to the station C．where is he going D．why you didn’t show up 5．Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life．And that’s _________ he succeeds． A．what B．when C．why D．where 6．Mary was nearly killed on the road just now. That’s ________ she is so scared now. A．that B．when C．why D．how 7．Beijing Opera was such an amazing art for Bill. That’s _______ he developed a deep love for it after watching it. A．how B．why C．where D．whether 8．I have no idea ________ his cousin will go abroad for further study or not. A．what B．whether C．when D．where 【高中名词性从句考点聚焦】 课标解读 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。在阅读理解中拆解复杂名词性从句（如多层嵌套结构）；在各类文体写作中使用名词性从句提升句子复杂度。四种名词性从句如下： 典型例句：1.It is certain that he will come.他一定会来。（主语从句） 2.My idea is that we’ll all go expect Lily.我的想法是除了莉莉之外我们大家都去。（表语从句） 3.He asked me whether/if she lived here.他问我她是否住在这儿。（宾语从句） 4.I’ve no idea where he has gone.我不知道他到哪里去了。（同位语从句） 考点清单 考点一、宾语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作宾语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为宾语从句。宾语从句与主语从句和表语从句一样，使用连词、连接代词和连接副词等引导。 常用来引导宾语从句的词 连词 that，whether 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句在句子中可以用作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。 1.动词宾语从句 I was told (that) I had to cut out alcohol.我被告知必须戒酒。 I don’t know whether/if the banks are open.我不知道银行是否营业。 Joe wanted to know who bought him the gift.乔想弄清楚是谁给他买的这个礼物。 Mary asked where she could find the biggest park in the city.玛丽问这座城市最大的公园在哪儿。 2.介词宾语从句 A.that只在expect，in和but等少数介词后引导从句作介词的宾语。 We know nothing expect that Joe is from America. 除了知道乔是来自美国之外，我们什么都不知道。 He differed from other people in that he always looked further ahead in his work. 他和别人不同的是他在工作中比别人都看得远些。 I could say nothing but that I was sorry.我非常抱歉。（我除了说抱歉之外，没什么可说的。） B.由连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作介词的宾语。 My teacher was satisfied with what I did.我的老师对我所做的一切感到满意。 What we should take with us depend on where we’ll stay.我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。 C.不及物动词后跟介词宾语从句。 某些不及物动词后边如果跟宾语从句，常省去介词。 I don’t care whether he is the headmaster or not.（省略介词）我不在乎他是不是校长。 重要：如果不及物动词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则介词不能省略。 I don’t care about him.我不在乎他。 I insist that you should learn a second language.（省略介词） =I insist on your learning a second language.（不能省略介词）我坚持让你学第二语言。 D.某些形容词后跟介词宾语从句。 在表示知觉、感情等的形容词如sure，afraid，glad，certain等之后，如果跟宾语从句，则省去介词。 I’m afraid that I’ll be late.（省略介词）恐怕我要迟到了。 重要：如果形容词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则不能省略介词。 I’m afraid of being late.我害怕迟到。 I’m sure that we’ll win the match.（省略介词）我确信我们会赢得这场比赛。 I am sure that he’ll win.（省略介词） =I am sure of his winning.（不能省略介词）我肯定他会赢。 He is glad that you passed the exam.（省略介词） =He is glad of your passing the exam.（不能省略介词）他为你能通过考试而高兴。 小试牛刀： 1．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 2．I don’t know broke the glass yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 3．I doubt he will be offered the chance to go abroad. (用适当的词填空) 4．We know that honesty is an important value and lying is wrong, but who honestly say that they have never told a lie? (用适当的词填空) 5．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race. (用适当的词填空) 考点二、表语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作表语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为表语从句。表语从句可以由连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，并且不能省略。 常用来引导表语从句的词 连词 that，weather 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 My opinion is that the villager really didn’t understand the policeman.我认为那位村民确实没有理解警察的意思。 that在表语从句中不作成分，没有词义，不可省略，但在口语中有时可省略。 That’s what we should do.这是我们的本分。 what在表语从句中作宾语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 The question is how the tiger got out of the cage.问题是老虎是怎么从笼子里出去的。 how在表语从句中作状语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 That is why they decided to hold a meeting.这就是他们为什么决定要开会的原因。 This is where I met Mary for the first time.这就是我第一次遇见玛丽的地方。 小试牛刀： 1．This is they call a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. (用适当的词填空) 2．She has remained I stood yesterday for an hour. (用适当的词填空) 3．He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much. (用适当的词填空) 4．The funniest moment was someone watching the race offered me a banana — a real treat for running gorilla! (用适当的词填空) 5．The reason why Apple holds the largest market share in overseas smartphone industry is it stills maintains technological advances. (用适当的词填空) 考点三、主语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作主语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为主语从句。主句从句可以由连词、连接代词或连接副词引导，且不能省略。另外，主句的动词大多用be动词或其他系动词。 常用来引导主语从句的词 连词 that，whether 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 1.由连词引导的主语从句 连词that，whether引导主语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，不能省略。由它们引导的主语从句，多用it作形式主语。 ①That she was beautiful was plain to everyone.大家都能看出她很漂亮。 主语从句 ②It was plain to everyone that she was beautiful. 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） 说明：①中that是连词，引导主语从句she was beautiful。that在主句从句中不作任何成分，也没有词义，that不能省略。由that引导的主语从句可改写为由it作形式主语的句子②。 ①Whether he’ll come (or not) hasn’t been decided.他是否会来，还没定下来。 主语从句 谓语 ②It hasn’t been decided whether he’ll come or not. 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） ③（误）It hasn’t been decided if he’ll come. （误）If he’ll come hasn’t been decided. 说明：①中whether引导主语从句，whether在从句中不作任何成分，但有含义，意为“是否”，whether不能省略。此句中，因为主句的时态为现在时态，所以主语从句的时态不受主句的限制。由whether引导的主语从句常可改写为②，即一个由it作形式主语的句子。 whether引导主语从句时，不能用if代替，所以③中的两个句子都是错误的。 That women had not had the same opportunities as men in many fields is obvious. 主语从句 显然，过去在许多领域中，妇女没有和男人享有同样的机遇。 Whether she can get that job is still unclear.她是否能得到那份工作尚不清楚。 主语从句 That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. （从句）现在进行时的被动语态 （主句）一般现在时 =It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） 英语正在作为一种国际语言被接受，这是一个事实。 It is my fault that this has happened.发生这事得怪我。 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） 2.由连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 连接代词who，which和what，连接副词when，where，how和why以及复合连接代词whatever，whoever等，复合连接副词whenever，wherever等都可引导主语从句，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意，翻译时，不能把它们译为疑问句。 Who will take charge of the task has not been decided. 重要：who是连接代词，引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，不能省略。翻译时不能把它译为疑问句。 =It has not been decided who will take charge of the task.谁来负责这项任务还没有决定。 Which (answer) is right isn’t known to us. =It isn’t known to us which (answer) is right.哪一个答案是对的我们还不知道。 When we’ll start is not clear.=It is not clear when we’ll start.我们何时出发还不清楚。 Where we’ll spend our holiday hasn’t been decided.我们要去哪里度假还没决定。 How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer.一本书的销售在很大程度上取决于书评作者。（重要：how是连接副词，在主语从句中作状语，不能省略。） Why he went to London is a mystery. =It is mysterious why he went to London.他为什么去伦敦是个谜。 比较：由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句和疑问句不同，主语从句的语序是正常语序（陈述语序）。 疑问句：Why（疑问副词）didn’t he come here?他为什么不来这儿？ 主语从句：Why（连接副词）he didn’t come here is not known to us.我们不知道为什么他没来这儿。 what引导的主语从句有时相当于“先行词+that引导的定语从句”，表示一样东西或一件事情。who，whom，which，what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。由它们引导的主语从句不能用形式主语it替代，它们在句子中作成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序。 What he said（主语从句）was perfectly true. what=the thing that，在从句中作宾语，不能省略，为陈述语序，不能用疑问句语序“What did he say?”。 =The thing that he said was perfectly true.（the thing+that引导的定语从句）他讲的都是事实。 Whoever leaves the office should tell me. whoever在从句中作主语，不能省略。 =Anyone who leaves the office should tell me.无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。 Whichever you want is yours.你要哪一个，哪一个就是你的。 whichever在从句中作宾语，不能省略，注意语序。 Whatever I have is yours.我所有的一切都是你的。 whatever在从句中作宾语，不能省略，注意语序。 引导主语从句的连接代词 无论是谁（主） whoever =anyone who =no matter who 无论是谁（宾） whomever =anyone whom =no matter whom 无论是谁的 whosever =anyone whose =no matter whose 无论是哪个 whichever =anything that =no matter which 无论是什么 whatever =anything that =no matter what 小试牛刀： 1． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 2．It is still open to question is to head the group. (用适当的词填空) 3．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 4．It suddenly occurred to him he forgot to lock the safe before he left the office. (用适当的词填空) 5． this happened is now investigated by police. (用适当的词填空) 考点四、同位语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作同位语的是一个从句，则这个句子就称为同位语从句。同位语从句由连词that和whether、关系代词who和what或关系副词why和how等引导。连词that在同位语从句中不担任任何成分，也没有词义，但是不能省略。从意思上来讲，同位语从句所表达的意思，就是与之同位的名词所表达的意思。 与从句同位的名词通常是表示事实等的抽象名词 answer回答 belief信念 doubt怀疑 fact事实 hope希望 idea想法 news消息 order命令 question问题 reply回答 thought想法 rumour谣言 注意：具体名词，如pen，book等之后不能跟同位语从句。 The idea that we invited him yesterday is quite good.昨天我们邀请了他，这个主意真是太好了。 The question whether we’ll go to see the film next Monday hasn’t been settled. 说明：whether引导同位语从句，有词义，不作成分，不能省略，也不能用if来代替。 下周一我们是否去看那部电影还未决定。 His question why the sky is blue is difficult to answer.他问为什么天是蓝的，这令人很难回答。 The rumour that there’ll be an earthquake soon spread all over the area.（同位语从句） 说明：that引导的从句是抽象名词rumour的同位语从句，that无词义，不作成分，也不能省略。 将要发生地震的谣言很快就在这一地区传开了。 The rumour is that there’ll be an earthquake.（表语从句）谣言是将要发生地震了。 比较：试比较下面两个句子的正误。 （正）The idea (that) he told me yesterday is good.（定语从句） （误）The idea is that he told me yesterday.昨天他告诉我的那个主意太好了。 小试牛刀： 1．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. (用适当的词填空) 2．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 3．The news our team won the game made us very excited. (用适当的词填空) 4．Astronomers have long held the firm belief there are other livable planets in the vast universe. （用适当的词填空） 5．I have no idea they were able to get it done in so short a time. (用适当的词填空) 语法填空 1． these children needed most was a well dug near their homes. (用适当的词填空) 2． the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. (用适当的词填空) 3．It is likely native Americans moved to California at least 15,000 years ago. (用适当的词填空) 4．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 5． the space mission went so well was beyond our expectations. (用适当的词填空) 6．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. （用适当的词填空） 7．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time. (用适当的词填空) 8．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 9．The news our team won the game made us very excited. (用适当的词填空) 10．Astronomers have long held the firm belief there are other livable planets in the vast universe. （用适当的词填空） 11．Word came the students would put off the outing until next week because of the bad weather. （用适当的词填空） 12．Knowing that the kids now have money for school is keeps me going and gives me more energy. （用适当的词填空） 13．She has remained I stood yesterday for an hour. (用适当的词填空) 14．He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much. (用适当的词填空) 15．Tom got stuck in the traffic jam and that’s he came late for the meeting. (用适当的词填空) 16．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 17．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race. (用适当的词填空) 18．Parents in China spend it takes to give their kids an edge, but sometimes they just blindly follow a trend and over-schedule their children. （用适当的词填空） 19．The teacher explained the experiment was conducted.(用适当的词填空) 20．They are discussing the new policy should be carried out now or be put off later. (用适当的词填空) 一、完成句子 1．I don’t know . 我不知道这个报道是否是真的。 2．If you ask me (我最喜欢什么体育运动), I would like to say football is my favourite. 3．I he will be offered the chance to go abroad. 他是否能获得出国机会，我很怀疑。 4． his smart phone was out of order. 我联系不上他的原因是他的手机出故障了。 5．My advice is . 我的建议是我们应该马上制定一个新计划。 6．His accent at once betrayed the fact . 他的口音立刻暴露出他是一个外国人。 7．我认为，我们应该去帮助他们克服目前的困难。 I hold the opinion . 8．有消息说我们学校将会举办一次以中国传统习俗为主题的班会。 Word came whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs. 9． made me feel confused. 作者写的东西让我感到困惑。 10．It remains to be seen . 他是否胜任这项工作还有待观察。 二、阅读理解 Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre serves as an open-air theatre focusing on the work of Shakespeare. Highlights (亮点) Not only does the Globe Theatre host many performances throughout the summer months, but it also hosts guided tours of the playhouse. During the tours, visitors are educated on the construction, the design and the rise and fall of the Globe Theatre. Another highlight includes Shakespeare’ Globe Exhibition, which educates visitors on Shakespeare’s life, as well as where he lived in London. Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. Special Tips • If you want to avoid large crowds, try to avoid watching performances between May and August as it can get busy. If you plan on going on a tour, the 9:30 a.m. tours are usually the quietest. • If you plan on sitting on any of the wooden benches (长凳) during a performance, it may be a good idea to rent a seat cushion (坐垫) for £1 as the benches can get quite uncomfortable after you sit for longer periods. • Make sure you check the weather forecast before you book your tickets. The use of umbrellas is not allowed, so make sure you have an extra raincoat and warm shoes, just in case. If you’re worried about standing in the rain, there are seats available that are protected under a sound roof. Opening Hours Due to the fact that the Globe is an open-air theatre, performances are only held from mid-April to mid-October. 1．What can visitors learn at the Globe Theatre? A．People’s life in Shakespeare’s time. B．The history of the Globe Theatre. C．Some techniques for creating art. D．The background of some artworks. 2．When is probably the best time for enjoying the performance comfortably? A．Oct. 16 — Nov. 15. B．May. 15 — Jun. 20. C．Jul. 15 — Aug. 28. D．Apr. 16 — Apr. 28. 3．What are visitors advised to do if they plan to watch the performance? A．Bring a raincoat. B．Take an umbrella. C．Stay in a sheltered area. D．Bring their own seat cushions. 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 open-air theatre n. 露天剧院 construction n. 建造，建设 exhibition n. 展览，展出 wooden bench n. 木制长凳 seat cushion n. 坐垫 长难句分析 原句：Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. 译文：根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 分析：本句为主从复合句。“Depending on when you visit” 为现在分词短语作条件状语，“there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse” 为主句，“which range from historical to art exhibitions” 为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 some short exhibitions，在从句中 “range from...to...” 表示 “从…… 到…… 不等”。 中文翻译 莎士比亚环球剧院是一座专注于莎士比亚作品的露天剧院。 亮点 环球剧院不仅在夏季举办许多演出，还提供剧院的导览参观服务。在参观过程中，游客会了解到环球剧院的建造过程、设计特点以及它兴盛与衰落的历史。另一个亮点包括莎士比亚环球展览，该展览向游客介绍莎士比亚的生活以及他在伦敦的居住地点。根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 特别提示 ・如果你想避开人群，尽量避免在 5 月至 8 月期间观看演出，因为这段时间会很忙。如果你计划参加导览，上午 9:30 的导览通常是最安静的。 ・如果你打算在演出期间坐在任何木制长凳上，最好租一个 1 英镑的坐垫，因为坐久了长凳会很不舒服。 ・在订票前一定要查看天气预报。不允许使用雨伞，所以确保你有一件额外的雨衣和温暖的鞋子，以防万一。如果你担心站在雨中，有一些座位是在隔音屋顶下的。 开放时间 由于环球剧场是露天剧场，演出只在 4 月中旬到 10 月中旬举行。 3 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点14 名词性从句（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中主要学习宾语从句与表语从句的用法。重点学习宾语从句的基本结构（引导词 + 陈述句语序）；主语从句、同位语从句接触的比较少。 在高中阶段，我们将着重学习主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，以它的各种连接词为学习主线，之后讲述表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中名词性从句考点聚焦】 初中名词性从句考点聚焦宾语从句从属连词的选择、语序及时态一致。 1．—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________? —Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there. A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Amy，我非常饿。你知道我们在哪里可以快速弄到吃的吗？——当然！我建议去那边的阳光快餐店。 考查宾语从句。know后面是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。根据“I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there”可知，询问地点用where引导宾语从句，故选A。 2．—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________? —Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive. A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——林太太，我是新来的。你能告诉我南通博物馆是什么样子的吗？——当然。它有着悠久的历史，看起来很有吸引力。 考查宾语从句和情景交际。what Nantong Museum is like南通博物馆是什么样子的；how far the Haohe River is浩河有多远；how I can get to Binjiang Park我怎么去滨江公园；what I can see in the Wolf Hill我在狼山看到了什么。根据“Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.”以及选项可知，此处应是询问南通博物馆是什么样子，选项A符合。故选A。 3． I can’t wait to know _______. Maybe it is a world full of challenges. A．what is senior high school life like B．what senior high school life is like C．what was senior high school life like D．what senior high school life was like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我迫不及待想知道高中生活是什么样的。也许这是一个充满挑战的世界。 考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句应该用陈述语序，排除AC；宾语从句描述的是事实，所以是一般现在时，排除D。故选B。 4．—I don’t know ________. —Let’s ask the locals here. A．when will the exam start B．if this is the right way to the station C．where is he going D．why you didn’t show up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道这是不是去车站的路。——让我们问问当地人。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“Let’s ask the locals here.”并结合选项可知，是不知道这是不是去车站的路。故选B。 5．Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life．And that’s _________ he succeeds． A．what B．when C．why D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：迈克尔乔丹一生失败过很多次，而这正是他成功的原因。 考查从句的引导词。A什么，引导宾语从句；B何时；C为什么；D哪里。由句意可知：这是他成功的原因，故选C。 6．Mary was nearly killed on the road just now. That’s ________ she is so scared now. A．that B．when C．why D．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玛丽刚才在路上差点被撞死，这就是她为什么如此害怕的原因。 考查表语从句连接词辨析。that那；when什么时候；why为什么；how怎么样。根据题意可知，这就是她为什么如此害怕的原因，why意为“为什么”，用于解释原因，此处why连接“That’s” 和 “she is so scared now”前后两个部分，强调前因后果。故选C。 7．Beijing Opera was such an amazing art for Bill. That’s ________ he developed a deep love for it after watching it. A．how B．why C．where D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：京剧对比尔来说是如此神奇的艺术。这就是他在观看之后对它产生深厚感情的原因。 考查表语从句。how如何；why为什么；where哪里；whether是否。根据“Beijing Opera was such an amazing art for Bill.”可知，京剧对比尔来说是如此神奇的艺术，因此说明产生深厚感情的原因。故选B。 8．I have no idea ________ his cousin will go abroad for further study or not. A．what B．whether C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道他表弟是否会出国深造。 考查同位语从句引导词。what什么；whether是否；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“or not”可知，whether...or not“是否”。故选B。 【高中名词性从句考点聚焦】 课标解读 名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。在阅读理解中拆解复杂名词性从句（如多层嵌套结构）；在各类文体写作中使用名词性从句提升句子复杂度。四种名词性从句如下： 典型例句：1.It is certain that he will come.他一定会来。（主语从句） 2.My idea is that we’ll all go expect Lily.我的想法是除了莉莉之外我们大家都去。（表语从句） 3.He asked me whether/if she lived here.他问我她是否住在这儿。（宾语从句） 4.I’ve no idea where he has gone.我不知道他到哪里去了。（同位语从句） 考点清单 考点一、宾语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作宾语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为宾语从句。宾语从句与主语从句和表语从句一样，使用连词、连接代词和连接副词等引导。 常用来引导宾语从句的词 连词 that，whether 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句在句子中可以用作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。 1.动词宾语从句 I was told (that) I had to cut out alcohol.我被告知必须戒酒。 I don’t know whether/if the banks are open.我不知道银行是否营业。 Joe wanted to know who bought him the gift.乔想弄清楚是谁给他买的这个礼物。 Mary asked where she could find the biggest park in the city.玛丽问这座城市最大的公园在哪儿。 2.介词宾语从句 A.that只在expect，in和but等少数介词后引导从句作介词的宾语。 We know nothing expect that Joe is from America. 除了知道乔是来自美国之外，我们什么都不知道。 He differed from other people in that he always looked further ahead in his work. 他和别人不同的是他在工作中比别人都看得远些。 I could say nothing but that I was sorry.我非常抱歉。（我除了说抱歉之外，没什么可说的。） B.由连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作介词的宾语。 My teacher was satisfied with what I did.我的老师对我所做的一切感到满意。 What we should take with us depend on where we’ll stay.我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。 C.不及物动词后跟介词宾语从句。 某些不及物动词后边如果跟宾语从句，常省去介词。 I don’t care whether he is the headmaster or not.（省略介词）我不在乎他是不是校长。 重要：如果不及物动词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则介词不能省略。 I don’t care about him.我不在乎他。 I insist that you should learn a second language.（省略介词） =I insist on your learning a second language.（不能省略介词）我坚持让你学第二语言。 D.某些形容词后跟介词宾语从句。 在表示知觉、感情等的形容词如sure，afraid，glad，certain等之后，如果跟宾语从句，则省去介词。 I’m afraid that I’ll be late.（省略介词）恐怕我要迟到了。 重要：如果形容词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则不能省略介词。 I’m afraid of being late.我害怕迟到。 I’m sure that we’ll win the match.（省略介词）我确信我们会赢得这场比赛。 I am sure that he’ll win.（省略介词） =I am sure of his winning.（不能省略介词）我肯定他会赢。 He is glad that you passed the exam.（省略介词） =He is glad of your passing the exam.（不能省略介词）他为你能通过考试而高兴。 小试牛刀： 1．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：让这些成功人士坚持下去的唯一原因是他们热爱自己所做的事情。空白处及之后的内容在句中作loved的宾语从句，空白处在宾语从句中作did的宾语，表示“所……的事情”，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 2．I don’t know broke the glass yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道昨天是谁打碎了玻璃。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指人，需用连接代词who引导。故填who。 3．I doubt he will be offered the chance to go abroad. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我怀疑他是否会得到出国的机会。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的宾语，宾语从句的成分完整，结合“doubt”可知，空处表达“是否”，应用连接词whether或if作引导词。故填whether/if。 4．We know that honesty is an important value and lying is wrong, but who honestly say that they have never told a lie? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们知道诚实是一种重要的价值观，说谎是错误的，但谁会诚实地说自己从未说过谎呢？分析句子结构，“ lying is wrong”是并列宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连词that引导；that引导的并列宾语从句中，第一个that可以省略，第二个引导词that不省略。故填that。 5．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后接宾语从句，从句中wins the first place缺少主语，表示“无论谁”获得第一名，强调“任何一个人”的概念，因此用引导词whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于“anyone who”。故填whoever。 考点二、表语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作表语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为表语从句。表语从句可以由连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，并且不能省略。 常用来引导表语从句的词 连词 that，weather 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 My opinion is that the villager really didn’t understand the policeman.我认为那位村民确实没有理解警察的意思。 that在表语从句中不作成分，没有词义，不可省略，但在口语中有时可省略。 That’s what we should do.这是我们的本分。 what在表语从句中作宾语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 The question is how the tiger got out of the cage.问题是老虎是怎么从笼子里出去的。 how在表语从句中作状语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 That is why they decided to hold a meeting.这就是他们为什么决定要开会的原因。 This is where I met Mary for the first time.这就是我第一次遇见玛丽的地方。 小试牛刀： 1．This is they call a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这就是人们所说的千载难逢的机会。由句意此处应填表语从句的引导词，从句动词call缺少宾语，表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what。故填what。 2．She has remained I stood yesterday for an hour. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她在我昨天站的地方呆了一个小时。空处引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语，表示“我昨天站的地方”，故应用连接副词where。故填where。 3．He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他患有心脏病。那是因为他抽烟抽得太多了。该空引导表语从句，前句“他有心脏病”是结果，后句“他吸烟过多”是原因，用because，That is because+表语从句（原因）。故填because。 4．The funniest moment was someone watching the race offered me a banana — a real treat for running gorilla! (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：最有趣的时刻是有人在观看比赛时给了我一根香蕉——对跑步的大猩猩来说真是一种享受！此处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作时间状语，应用连接副词when引导。故填when。 5．The reason why Apple holds the largest market share in overseas smartphone industry is it stills maintains technological advances. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：苹果公司之所以能在海外智能手机行业占据最大的市场份额，是因为它仍然保持着技术上的领先。分析句子，该空需要一个连接词引导表语从句，解释reason的具体内容，从句是一个陈述句，成分完整，应填that；名词reason作主语时，其表语从句使用that引导，The reason....is that....句型。故填that。 考点三、主语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作主语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为主语从句。主句从句可以由连词、连接代词或连接副词引导，且不能省略。另外，主句的动词大多用be动词或其他系动词。 常用来引导主语从句的词 连词 that，whether 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 1.由连词引导的主语从句 连词that，whether引导主语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，不能省略。由它们引导的主语从句，多用it作形式主语。 ①That she was beautiful was plain to everyone.大家都能看出她很漂亮。 主语从句 ②It was plain to everyone that she was beautiful. 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） 说明：①中that是连词，引导主语从句she was beautiful。that在主句从句中不作任何成分，也没有词义，that不能省略。由that引导的主语从句可改写为由it作形式主语的句子②。 ①Whether he’ll come (or not) hasn’t been decided.他是否会来，还没定下来。 主语从句 谓语 ②It hasn’t been decided whether he’ll come or not. 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） ③（误）It hasn’t been decided if he’ll come. （误）If he’ll come hasn’t been decided. 说明：①中whether引导主语从句，whether在从句中不作任何成分，但有含义，意为“是否”，whether不能省略。此句中，因为主句的时态为现在时态，所以主语从句的时态不受主句的限制。由whether引导的主语从句常可改写为②，即一个由it作形式主语的句子。 whether引导主语从句时，不能用if代替，所以③中的两个句子都是错误的。 That women had not had the same opportunities as men in many fields is obvious. 主语从句 显然，过去在许多领域中，妇女没有和男人享有同样的机遇。 Whether she can get that job is still unclear.她是否能得到那份工作尚不清楚。 主语从句 That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. （从句）现在进行时的被动语态 （主句）一般现在时 =It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） 英语正在作为一种国际语言被接受，这是一个事实。 It is my fault that this has happened.发生这事得怪我。 形式主语 真正主语（主语从句） 2.由连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句 连接代词who，which和what，连接副词when，where，how和why以及复合连接代词whatever，whoever等，复合连接副词whenever，wherever等都可引导主语从句，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意，翻译时，不能把它们译为疑问句。 Who will take charge of the task has not been decided. 重要：who是连接代词，引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，不能省略。翻译时不能把它译为疑问句。 =It has not been decided who will take charge of the task.谁来负责这项任务还没有决定。 Which (answer) is right isn’t known to us. =It isn’t known to us which (answer) is right.哪一个答案是对的我们还不知道。 When we’ll start is not clear.=It is not clear when we’ll start.我们何时出发还不清楚。 Where we’ll spend our holiday hasn’t been decided.我们要去哪里度假还没决定。 How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer.一本书的销售在很大程度上取决于书评作者。（重要：how是连接副词，在主语从句中作状语，不能省略。） Why he went to London is a mystery. =It is mysterious why he went to London.他为什么去伦敦是个谜。 比较：由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句和疑问句不同，主语从句的语序是正常语序（陈述语序）。 疑问句：Why（疑问副词）didn’t he come here?他为什么不来这儿？ 主语从句：Why（连接副词）he didn’t come here is not known to us.我们不知道为什么他没来这儿。 what引导的主语从句有时相当于“先行词+that引导的定语从句”，表示一样东西或一件事情。who，whom，which，what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。由它们引导的主语从句不能用形式主语it替代，它们在句子中作成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序。 What he said（主语从句）was perfectly true. what=the thing that，在从句中作宾语，不能省略，为陈述语序，不能用疑问句语序“What did he say?”。 =The thing that he said was perfectly true.（the thing+that引导的定语从句）他讲的都是事实。 Whoever leaves the office should tell me. whoever在从句中作主语，不能省略。 =Anyone who leaves the office should tell me.无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。 Whichever you want is yours.你要哪一个，哪一个就是你的。 whichever在从句中作宾语，不能省略，注意语序。 Whatever I have is yours.我所有的一切都是你的。 whatever在从句中作宾语，不能省略，注意语序。 引导主语从句的连接代词 无论是谁（主） whoever =anyone who =no matter who 无论是谁（宾） whomever =anyone whom =no matter whom 无论是谁的 whosever =anyone whose =no matter whose 无论是哪个 whichever =anything that =no matter which 无论是什么 whatever =anything that =no matter what 小试牛刀： 1． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让它引人注目的是恐惧的表达。空处引导名词性从句作主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“the expression of fear”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 2．It is still open to question is to head the group. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁领导这个小组还没定下来。It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，作真正的主语，引导词在从句中作主语，结合句意可知此处指“谁领导这个小组”，使用连接词代词who引导，故填who。 3．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在这家商店你用现金还是用信用卡付款都没关系。句中it是形式主语，空格处引导的是主语从句，由or可知，空格处是whether，whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“是……还是……”，因此空格处用whether引导主语从句，故填whether。 4．It suddenly occurred to him he forgot to lock the safe before he left the office. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他突然意识到，自己在离开办公室之前忘记锁保险柜了。此处为固定句型“it occurred to sb. that...”，意为“某人突然想到……”，其中that引导主语从句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。故填that。 5． this happened is now investigated by police. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】How 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前警方正在调查这一事件是如何发生的。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句表示“这是怎么发生的”，空格处意为“怎么”，是连接副词how，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填How。 考点四、同位语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作同位语的是一个从句，则这个句子就称为同位语从句。同位语从句由连词that和whether、关系代词who和what或关系副词why和how等引导。连词that在同位语从句中不担任任何成分，也没有词义，但是不能省略。从意思上来讲，同位语从句所表达的意思，就是与之同位的名词所表达的意思。 与从句同位的名词通常是表示事实等的抽象名词 answer回答 belief信念 doubt怀疑 fact事实 hope希望 idea想法 news消息 order命令 question问题 reply回答 thought想法 rumour谣言 注意：具体名词，如pen，book等之后不能跟同位语从句。 The idea that we invited him yesterday is quite good.昨天我们邀请了他，这个主意真是太好了。 The question whether we’ll go to see the film next Monday hasn’t been settled. 说明：whether引导同位语从句，有词义，不作成分，不能省略，也不能用if来代替。 下周一我们是否去看那部电影还未决定。 His question why the sky is blue is difficult to answer.他问为什么天是蓝的，这令人很难回答。 The rumour that there’ll be an earthquake soon spread all over the area.（同位语从句） 说明：that引导的从句是抽象名词rumour的同位语从句，that无词义，不作成分，也不能省略。 将要发生地震的谣言很快就在这一地区传开了。 The rumour is that there’ll be an earthquake.（表语从句）谣言是将要发生地震了。 比较：试比较下面两个句子的正误。 （正）The idea (that) he told me yesterday is good.（定语从句） （误）The idea is that he told me yesterday.昨天他告诉我的那个主意太好了。 小试牛刀： 1．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：随着我们对宇宙了解的增多，我们也许有一天能回答其他星球上是否有生命这个问题。分析句子结构可知，空格后是同位语从句，解释说明“the question”的具体内容，从句结构完整，且表示“是否”的含义，应用连接词whether来引导。故填whether。 2．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 3．The news our team won the game made us very excited. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们队赢得了比赛这一消息让我们非常兴奋。“______ our team won the game”是对前面名词news内容的具体解释说明，是同位语从句，从句意义完整，不缺少成分，用连词that引导从句。故填that。 4．Astronomers have long held the firm belief there are other livable planets in the vast universe. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查连接词。句意：长期以来，天文学家一直坚信，在浩瀚的宇宙中存在着其他宜居行星。空处引导同位语从句，对名词belief进行解释，从句句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that，that在从句中不充当任何成分。故填that。 5．I have no idea they were able to get it done in so short a time. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】how 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道他们是如何在这么短的时间内完成这件事的。分析句式结构可知，此处是同位语从句来解释说明idea的具体内容，又因为从句中缺少方式状语，所以用连接副词how引导同位语从句。故填how。 语法填空 1． these children needed most was a well dug near their homes. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：这些孩子最需要的，是能在他们家附近挖好的一口井。 these children needed most是主语从句，从句缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what引导从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 2． the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】How 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：古代人是如何用原始的工具建造金字塔的，这个问题困扰了人们好几个世纪。空处引导主语从句，在句中作状语，表示“如何、怎样”，故应用连接副词how；句首字母大写。故填How。 3．It is likely native Americans moved to California at least 15,000 years ago. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：很可能至少在15000年前，美洲原住民移居到了加利福尼亚。此处是固定句型“It is likely that…”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填that。 4．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在这家商店你用现金还是用信用卡付款都没关系。句中it是形式主语，空格处引导的是主语从句，由or可知，空格处是whether，whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“是……还是……”，因此空格处用whether引导主语从句，故填whether。 5． the space mission went so well was beyond our expectations. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：太空任务进展得如此顺利，出乎我们的意料。空处需用连接词引导主语从句，从句句子成分完成，句意完整，所以空处需用连接词that引导主语从句。故填That。 6．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：所有的准备工作都已完成，但仍有部分人对一切能否按计划进行表示怀疑。引导同位语从句，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 7．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有时我会有一种不安的感觉，觉得这台小机器占用了我太多时间。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词feeling的具体内容，从句结构完整、意义明确，应用that来引导，that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 8．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 9．The news our team won the game made us very excited. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们队赢得了比赛这一消息让我们非常兴奋。“______ our team won the game”是对前面名词news内容的具体解释说明，是同位语从句，从句意义完整，不缺少成分，用连词that引导从句。故填that。 10．Astronomers have long held the firm belief there are other livable planets in the vast universe. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查连接词。句意：长期以来，天文学家一直坚信，在浩瀚的宇宙中存在着其他宜居行星。空处引导同位语从句，对名词belief进行解释，从句句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that，that在从句中不充当任何成分。故填that。 11．Word came the students would put off the outing until next week because of the bad weather. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有消息传来，由于天气不好，学生们将把郊游推迟到下周。空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明Word的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此使用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 12．Knowing that the kids now have money for school is keeps me going and gives me more energy. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】what 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：知道孩子们现在有钱上学是我继续前进的动力，给了我更多的精力。 keeps me going是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 13．She has remained I stood yesterday for an hour. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她在我昨天站的地方呆了一个小时。空处引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语，表示“我昨天站的地方”，故应用连接副词where。故填where。 14．He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他患有心脏病。那是因为他抽烟抽得太多了。该空引导表语从句，前句“他有心脏病”是结果，后句“他吸烟过多”是原因，用because，That is because+表语从句（原因）。故填because。 15．Tom got stuck in the traffic jam and that’s he came late for the meeting. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：汤姆因交通堵塞被困，这就是他开会迟到的原因。根据句子结构，此处需要一个连接词引导表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，句意不完整，结合句意，此处表示“为什么”符合逻辑，所以此处使用连接副词why。故填why。 16．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：让这些成功人士坚持下去的唯一原因是他们热爱自己所做的事情。空白处及之后的内容在句中作loved的宾语从句，空白处在宾语从句中作did的宾语，表示“所……的事情”，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 17．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后接宾语从句，从句中wins the first place缺少主语，表示“无论谁”获得第一名，强调“任何一个人”的概念，因此用引导词whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于“anyone who”。故填whoever。 18．Parents in China spend it takes to give their kids an edge, but sometimes they just blindly follow a trend and over-schedule their children. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whatever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：中国父母愿意花费一切代价让孩子拥有优势，但有时他们只是盲目跟风，给孩子安排过多任务。本空引导宾语从句，在从句中作takes的宾语，表示 “无论什么（代价）”，用连接代词whatever引导。故填whatever。 19．The teacher explained the experiment was conducted.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】how 【解析】略 20．They are discussing the new policy should be carried out now or be put off later. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他们正在讨论新政策是现在实施还是往后推迟。该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句，根据后面的or可知，他们正在讨论两种选择，需要表示“是……还是……”，表选择应使用whether与or连用。故填whether。 一、完成句子 1．I don’t know . 我不知道这个报道是否是真的。 【答案】whether or not the report is true/whether the report is true or not 【详解】考查宾语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“这个报道是否是真的”，“这个报道”是the report，“真的”是true，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the report是单数，“是”用is，“是否”是whether or not或whether...or not，引导宾语从句，因此空格处是whether or not the report is true/whether the report is true or not。故填whether or not the report is true/whether the report is true or not。 2．If you ask me (我最喜欢什么体育运动), I would like to say football is my favourite. 【答案】what sport I like best 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：如果你问我最喜欢什么体育运动，我想说足球是我的最爱。根据汉语提示“我最喜欢什么体育运动”可知，此处应用what引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语，且宾语从句应用陈述句语序；从句中用I作主语；表示“最喜欢”用like best，根据主句中的ask可知，本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，结合从句主语I可知，like应用原形。表示“什么体育运动”用what sport，作like的宾语。故填what sport I like best。 3．I he will be offered the chance to go abroad. 他是否能获得出国机会，我很怀疑。 【答案】doubt whether/ if 【详解】考查动词和宾语从句。根据从句中will be offered可知，从句使用一般将来时，主句应用一般现在时描述现状的一般情况，“怀疑”应用动词doubt，主语是I，谓语动词使用原形形式，后接宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，且表示“是否”的意思，应用whether或if引导。故填doubt whether/if。 4． his smart phone was out of order. 我联系不上他的原因是他的手机出故障了。 【答案】The reason why I couldn’t reach him was that 【详解】考查从句。根据句意可知，此处意为“我联系不上他的原因是”，故此空应为“主语+谓语动词”。主语为“我联系不上他的原因”，表达为The reason why I couldn’t reach him，why引导定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，why在从句中作原因状语；谓语动词为“是”，故应用be动词，且根据后文was可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语为The reason，为单数，故应用was；根据空后“his smart phone was out of order.”可知，空后为一个完整的句子，故应用that引导表语从句。故填The reason why I couldn’t reach him was that。 5．My advice is . 我的建议是我们应该马上制定一个新计划。 【答案】that we (should)make a new plan at once 【详解】考查表语从句和虚拟语气。本空为表语从句，表示“我们”用we，作主语；表示“马上制定一个新计划”用make a new plan at once，advice的表语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，表语从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that we (should)make a new plan at once。 6．His accent at once betrayed the fact . 他的口音立刻暴露出他是一个外国人。 【答案】that he was a foreigner 【详解】考查同位语从句。根据汉语句子可知，设空处对应“他是一个外国人”，在英语句子中作“the fact”的同位语从句，“他”用“he”表达，“是”用be动词，与主句保持时态一致，这里用一般过去时，即“was”；“一个外国人”用名词短语“a foreigner”表达，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that he was a foreigner。 7．我认为，我们应该去帮助他们克服目前的困难。 I hold the opinion . 【答案】that we should go to help them (to) overcome the present difficulty 【详解】考查同位语从句。根据句意，此处用“我们应该去帮助他们克服目前的困难”对名词opinion解释说明，所以该句为同位语从句，表示“我们”为we作从句主语，表示“应该去做某事”为should go to do something，表示“帮助他们做某事”为help them (to) do sth.，表示“克服目前的困难”为overcome the present difficulty，所以“我们应该去帮助他们克服目前的困难”为we should go to help them (to) overcome the present difficulty，从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以此处使用连接词that引导同位语从句。故填that we should go to help them (to) overcome the present difficulty。 8．有消息说我们学校将会举办一次以中国传统习俗为主题的班会。 Word came whose topic is related to Chinese traditional customs. 【答案】that our school is going to hold a class meeting 【详解】考查同位语从句、固定短语、时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“我们学校将会举办一次班会”，是对名词Word内容的说明，可处理为同位从句，用连词that引导，从句主语“我们学校”用our school，“将会举办”用be going to hold表示，用is going to hold表示计划将要做的事情，宾语“一次班会”用a class meeting。故填that our school is going to hold a class meeting。 9． made me feel confused. 作者写的东西让我感到困惑。 【答案】What the author wrote 【详解】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，“______________ made me feel confused”中，made是谓语，me是宾语，feel confused是宾语补足语，句子缺少主语。根据中文提示“作者写的东西”可知，应用主语从句来作主语，“作者写的东西”用what在主语从句中作wrote的宾语，同时引导主语从句，句子首字母需大写；表示“作者”用名词the author，作从句主语；且根据made可知，应用一般过去时，从句谓语动词write应用过去式wrote。故填What the author wrote。 10．It remains to be seen . 他是否胜任这项工作还有待观察。 【答案】whether he will be qualified for the job 【详解】考查主语从句。It remains to be seen... (有待观察……)，it是形式主语，真正主语是该空引导的主语从句，中文部分“是否”对应英文whether，从句主语“他”为he，“胜任”为be qualified for，“这项工作”为the job，结合“有待观察”可知从句时态用一般将来时。故填whether he will be qualified for the job。 二、阅读理解 Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre serves as an open-air theatre focusing on the work of Shakespeare. Highlights (亮点) Not only does the Globe Theatre host many performances throughout the summer months, but it also hosts guided tours of the playhouse. During the tours, visitors are educated on the construction, the design and the rise and fall of the Globe Theatre. Another highlight includes Shakespeare’ Globe Exhibition, which educates visitors on Shakespeare’s life, as well as where he lived in London. Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. Special Tips • If you want to avoid large crowds, try to avoid watching performances between May and August as it can get busy. If you plan on going on a tour, the 9:30 a.m. tours are usually the quietest. • If you plan on sitting on any of the wooden benches (长凳) during a performance, it may be a good idea to rent a seat cushion (坐垫) for £1 as the benches can get quite uncomfortable after you sit for longer periods. • Make sure you check the weather forecast before you book your tickets. The use of umbrellas is not allowed, so make sure you have an extra raincoat and warm shoes, just in case. If you’re worried about standing in the rain, there are seats available that are protected under a sound roof. Opening Hours Due to the fact that the Globe is an open-air theatre, performances are only held from mid-April to mid-October. 1．What can visitors learn at the Globe Theatre? A．People’s life in Shakespeare’s time. B．The history of the Globe Theatre. C．Some techniques for creating art. D．The background of some artworks. 2．When is probably the best time for enjoying the performance comfortably? A．Oct. 16 — Nov. 15. B．May. 15 — Jun. 20. C．Jul. 15 — Aug. 28. D．Apr. 16 — Apr. 28. 3．What are visitors advised to do if they plan to watch the performance? A．Bring a raincoat. B．Take an umbrella. C．Stay in a sheltered area. D．Bring their own seat cushions. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了莎士比亚环球剧院的亮点和参观的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据Highlights部分中的“Not only does the Globe Theatre host many performances throughout the summer months, but it also hosts guided tours of the playhouse. During the tours, visitors are educated on the construction, the design and the rise and fall of the Globe Theatre. (环球剧院不仅在夏季举办许多演出，还提供剧院的导览参观服务。在参观过程中，游客会了解到环球剧院的建造过程、设计特点以及它兴盛与衰落的历史)”可知，游客可以在环球剧院了解环球剧院的历史。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Special Tips部分中的“If you want to avoid large crowds, try to avoid watching performances between May and August as it can get busy. (如果你想避开人群，尽量避免在5月至8月期间观看演出，因为这段时间会很忙)”以及Opening Hours部分中的“Due to the fact that the Globe is an open-air theatre, performances are only held from mid-April to mid-October. (由于环球剧场是露天剧场，演出只在4月中旬到10月中旬举行)”可知，要想舒服的观看演出，首先需要避开5月至8月，然后演出只在4月中旬到10月中旬举行，结合选项可知，D项“4月16日到4月28日”是最合适的时期。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据Special Tips部分中的“Make sure you check the weather forecast before you book your tickets. The use of umbrellas is not allowed, so make sure you have an extra raincoat and warm shoes, just in case. (在订票前一定要查看天气预报。不允许使用雨伞，所以确保你有一件额外的雨衣和温暖的鞋子，以防万一)”可知，如果游客打算观看表演，建议他们带上雨衣。故选A项。 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 open-air theatre n. 露天剧院 construction n. 建造，建设 exhibition n. 展览，展出 wooden bench n. 木制长凳 seat cushion n. 坐垫 长难句分析 原句：Depending on when you visit, there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse, which range from historical to art exhibitions. 译文：根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 分析：本句为主从复合句。“Depending on when you visit” 为现在分词短语作条件状语，“there may also be some short exhibitions inside the playhouse” 为主句，“which range from historical to art exhibitions” 为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 some short exhibitions，在从句中 “range from...to...” 表示 “从…… 到…… 不等”。 中文翻译 莎士比亚环球剧院是一座专注于莎士比亚作品的露天剧院。 亮点 环球剧院不仅在夏季举办许多演出，还提供剧院的导览参观服务。在参观过程中，游客会了解到环球剧院的建造过程、设计特点以及它兴盛与衰落的历史。另一个亮点包括莎士比亚环球展览，该展览向游客介绍莎士比亚的生活以及他在伦敦的居住地点。根据你参观的时间，剧院内可能还会有一些短期展览，从历史展览到艺术展览不等。 特别提示 ・如果你想避开人群，尽量避免在 5 月至 8 月期间观看演出，因为这段时间会很忙。如果你计划参加导览，上午 9:30 的导览通常是最安静的。 ・如果你打算在演出期间坐在任何木制长凳上，最好租一个 1 英镑的坐垫，因为坐久了长凳会很不舒服。 ・在订票前一定要查看天气预报。不允许使用雨伞，所以确保你有一件额外的雨衣和温暖的鞋子，以防万一。如果你担心站在雨中，有一些座位是在隔音屋顶下的。 开放时间 由于环球剧场是露天剧场，演出只在 4 月中旬到 10 月中旬举行。 3 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$