精品解析：山西省朔州市怀仁市二校2024-2025学年高二下学期5月期中联考英语试题

怀仁市大地学校2024-2025学年度下学期期中考试 高二英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷由三个部分组成。其中，第一和第二部分的第一节为选择题。第二部分的第二节和第三部分为非选择题。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第I卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) （略） 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Movies for Families Look at our family movies list. We have prepared four top family movies for you to enjoy with parents. The Goonies, 114 minutes If you’re hosting a sleepover(彻夜狂欢), you’ll be a hero by turning on this fantasy about some adventure-seeking kids. What we all remember and love about the children is that they “never say die (永不言败)”. Warning: it can be a bit scary, but we think it’s safe for kids aged 10 and over. Pollyanna, 134 minutes Hayley Mills in Pollyanna is one of Hollywood’s most lovable child characters in film. An orphan (孤儿) sent to live with her rich Aunt Polly, she’s unbelievably positive, and brings the town together. Don’t miss other Hayley Mills’ classics, like The Trouble With Angels and The Parent Trap. The Land Before Time, 70 minutes Baby dinosaurs stressing friendship may seem a little too much like Barney, but The Land Before Time wins over audiences of all ages. Littlefoot, a young, orphaned dinosaur, must make his way to the Great Valley in order to survive a natural disaster, and makes lots of friends in the process. Newsies, 121 Minutes Set in 1899, this Disney Musical about some singing and dancing paperboys isn’t exactly historical. But if your kids love music, they won’t be able to turn it off. The stars include Robert Duvall, Ann-Margret, Bill Pullman and Christian Bale, so there’s something for you, too. 1. Which of the following is suitable for Children aged 8? A. Newsies. B. The Goonies. C. The Trouble With Angels. D. The Land Before Time. 2. Who is Hayley Mills? A. A film director. B. A movie star. C An orphaned dinosaur. D. A lovable child character. 3. Why does the young dinosaur go to the Great Valley in The Land Before Time? A. To escape from a disaster. B. To find his friends. C. To give a performance. D. To meet his mother. B When Stanford University student Ellen Xu, now 18, was a five-year-old in San Diego, California, she clearly remembers that her parents rushed her little sister to the hospital. Three-year-old Kate had fallen seriously ill; she had a fever, reddened eyes, and some swelling (肿胀) in her hands and tongue. At first, the puzzled doctors thought she had flu, but when her condition didn’t improve, the Xus returned to the clinic room, where a doctor by chance had a similar earlier experience with such symptoms (症状) in the blood known as Kawasaki disease. Though rare (罕见), it’s the leading cause of the heart disease in babies and young children, and its causes remain unknown. The doctor knew how to treat it: He ordered some medicine for Kate, and finally she shook off-the illness without suffering damage to her heart. Xu remembers being curious about her sister’s illness condition and was amazed that the grown-ups couldn’t answer her questions about why it was so hard to check. “In my mind, it was this puzzle I wanted to solve,” she says. Ten years later, wanting to enter a high school science fair, she had an idea. What if we had a doctor in our pocket? So she created just that: Using Al, Xu designed a program that uses visual facts to check the disease based on five physical symptoms. The technology works the same way as apps that can identify birds and plants with photos you’ve taken on your cellphone. Worried parents can upload a photo that they have taken of their child, and the technology will scan the picture for symptoms of the disease, which often have strong visual factors, such as a swollen longue. Xu’s invention has been applied as a web app on the website. “The technology could also be developed for recognizing some other diseases,” she says. “It means a lot to me. I want to use AI to help people live happier and healthier lives.” Xu says that her sister Kale now in her third year of high school with dreams of becoming an environmental engineer, is strong and healthy. 4. Why did the author mention Kate’s illness? A. To explain who treated Kate’s illness. B. To prove how serious Kale’s illness was. C. To show how much Ellen loved her sister. D. To tell why Ellen wanted to solve the puzzle in her mind. 5 Why did Ellen design the program? A. To save her sister. B. To earn a prize. C. To check a rare disease. D. To identify birds and plants. 6. What can best describe Ellen according to the text? A. Determined and careful. B. Creative and helpful. C. Diligent and selfless. D. Active and easy-going. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. An App That Detects a Rare Disease B. An Invention Helping Doctors C. A Girl Recovering from a Disease D. A New Method to Treat a Disease C Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy (共情),” said Dr Koji Inoue, the lead author of the research. “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter.” The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm (算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations. “Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,” said Inoue. “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend. “One of the things we’d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter,” points out Prof. Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute. “But with their development, they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on.” 8. Why did Inoue’s team develop the AI system? A. To better understand human empathy. B. To promote the social skills of robots. C. To explore the differences between laughs. D. To assist robots in identifying people's moods. 9. What can robot Erica probably do at present? A. Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues B. Distinguish people by hearing their laughs C. Recreate a scene played by the four actresses D. Master the features of laughs provided by data. 10. What does the underlined word “obstructor” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Potential. B. Barrier. C. Alternative. D. Division. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Are AI systems going beyond human ability? B. Can conversational AI really understand us? C. Laughing robots are round the conner. D. Robots become laughing masters. D “Eat local.” It's one way to reduce human effect on the planet. Eating local means to try to buy and consume foods that are grown in places close to home. However, most of the food sold at supermarkets is not locally grown or produced. Trucks and planes deliver these foods from hundreds or thousands of miles away. During the transportation, greenhouse (温室) gases are produced, causing global warming. So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less harm is done to the environment. But how do you get local food if you live in a large city, hundreds of miles away from farms? Environmental health scientist Dickson Despommier and his students came up with the idea of a “vertical (垂直的)farm”. A vertical farm is a glass-walled structure that could be built as tall as a skyscraper (摩天大楼). Since the garden is built upwards, rather than outwards, it requires much less space than an ordinary farm. The world is quickly running out of room for ordinary farming. Vertical farms could be a key to this situation. Despommier imagines a 30-storey building with a greenhouse on every floor. The walls of the building would be clear to allow crops to get as much sunlight as possible. Depending on a city's water resources, Despommier thinks hydroponic (水培的) farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants. Despommier says the hydroponic greenhouses would use a system that would use a city's waste water and fill it with nutrition to make the crops grow. If this method works, it would provide food to a city and save millions of tons of water. The idea of a vertical farm has attracted the attention of government officials around the world. Scott Stringer, a government official from New York City, thinks the city is suitable for the vertical farming. “Obviously we don't have much land left for us,” Stringer said. “But the sky is the limit in Manhattan.” Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality. “But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way,” he says. 12. Why are people advised to eat local? A. Because it means convenience to people. B. Because it can help people save a lot of money. C. Because local food has more nutrition. D. Because it is environmentally friendly. 13. Which is one of the vertical farm's benefits when compared with ordinary farming? A. It produces healthier food. B. It does less harm to the cities. C. It needs more space of the city. D. It requires less transport costs. 14. By saying “the sky is the limit in Manhattan”, Stringer means ________. A. people can make full use of vertical space of Manhattan B. there is a limit for using empty land in Manhattan C. the height of buildings in Manhattan is limited D. Manhattan can spread as far as possible 15. What can we learn about the vertical farming in the passage? A. No soil is needed to grow plants on a vertical farm. B. It has solved the problem of the food shortage in a big way. C. The walls of the building would be clear to let people see the plants clearly. D. Crops are mainly grown in the rainwater on a vertical farm. 第二节 (共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Trust is the basic foundation of any relationship in both professional and personal capacity. Here are some ways to build trust and be trustworthy. Be always honest. Honesty is a virtue that must be cultivated (培养) fully if you desire to establish trust with others. Half-truths and white lies are a recipe for disaster.____16____ Communicate effectively. Poor communication is one of the main reasons why trust is unable to be sustained (维持) in any environment. The failure to clarify your stand may lead to unpleasant assumption.____17____If you want to avoid any issues, it’s important to communicate openly and freely with other involved parties in the beginning. ____18____Promises are not meant to be broken. Once you make a promise, it’s as binding (必须遵守的) as legal papers. It’s important that you honor your commitments if you’re interested in building trust. Do not be too quick in making decisions. There is no need to take too much pressure if you’re faced with a dilemma.____19____If the other part asks you to make a comment immediately and you have reservations about it, you can decline the task and say no in the beginning. Take the necessary time.____20____It’s an ongoing process that needs time to take root and develop effectively. Steady progress is possible only if it’s a regular activity; therefore, prepare to take small steps if you are looking for ways to build trust. Focus on the endgame and do not expect results in the beginning. A. Keep your word. B. Don’t take everything for granted. C. Trust cannot be earned in seconds. D. This can cause disagreements and the breaking of trust. E. Therefore, avoid them at all costs if you are trying to build trust. F. You’d better take the time to consider your approach from every angle. G. Make sure you are paying attention to old and new relationships equally. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When John asked his daughters which sculptures they like best, they shouted excitedly, “The Story birds!”. These birds are the ___21___ of Robin and John. Robin explains, “Made from plain clay (黏土), the colorful ceramic birds stand on metal legs. There is a little ___22___ in it. Together, we make something better.” At John’s house, art is a family ___23___. Robin brings style to their ceramics. John crafts the metal elements of the sculptures, Their daughters, Ruby, Eliza and Carmella, help too. “The girls ___24___ into bodies,” says John, “Everyone contributes to the works, so every sculpture is a symbol of our ___25___ effort.” There are lots of ___26___ to turn a clay into a bird. First, John breaks the clay and ___27___ it until about one-quarter inch thick. He covers it so that it won’t dry out and ___28___. Then, Robin ___29___. She thins the clay here and there, pushing in and out to make the bird’s body. John adds fresh clay on the drier clay and Robin ____30____ the body with bright colors. Then it is Ruby’s turn. She sculpts it. Eventually, the bird will go into an oven for firing-baking and ____31____. Robin programs the oven so that the temperature ____32____ bit by bit. Total oven time can be 20 hours. “That may be a long time.but the ____33____ you heat the clay, the more likely it is to crack.” Robin says. Soon, the bird stands ____34____ on its feet, John shows it to his families. “I did the carving!” Ruby says excitedly. The girls gather for a closer look. The____35____expressions on their faces tell a story — they love making art together. 21. A. memories B. creations C. copies D. reforms 22. A. magic B. challenge C. reward D. effort 23. A. regulation B. guidance C. affair D. decision 24. A. look B. move C. come D. carve 25. A. joint B. real C. final D. serious 26. A. highlights B. steps C. ideas D. benefits 27. A. rolls B. fires C. paints D. brushes 28. A. disappear B. enlarge C. crack D. explode 29. A. takes over B. runs out C. tests out D. turns over 30. A. washes B. decorates C. refreshes D. strengthens 31. A. resting B. cycling C. striking D. hardening 32. A. drops B. changes C. stabilizes D. rises 33. A. hotter B. tougher C. faster D. deeper 34. A. quietly B. closely C. temporarily D. firmly 35. A. sensitive B. innocent C. enthusiastic D. gentle 第II卷 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weiqi is the Chinese name for the classic board game____36____(common) known in English as Go. The game, ____37____ was called yi in ancient China, has a history of over 3, 000 years. Weiqi is a board game between two players ____38____(use) black and white game pieces. According to ancient books, weiqi ____39____(invent) by the Chinese emperor Yao. In the Spring and Autumn Period, people would use terms in weiqi like “ju qi bu ding”(meaning “holding a game piece but not sure what move to make”) ____40____(describe) vacillation (犹豫不决) in polities. It’s quite clear how popular the game was at that time. Later, there were lots of talented weiqi ____41____(player) in all dynasties and many emperors in ancient China were weiqi lovers, such as Cao Cao and Zhu Yuanzhang. The rules of weiqi are very simple ____42____ the choices to move the game pieces vary. This is where the charm of the game lies. The time for one round of weiqi can be ____43____(difference). In most cases, it takes one or two hours to finish one round of weiqi. Weiqi is a game that combines science, art and ____44____(compete). It’s no wonder that the game has been popular for thousands of years and is gradually becoming ____45____ international cultural game. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 随着网络的普及，网络诈骗，网络欺凌等青少年网络安全问题成为大家关注的一个焦点，李华所在的班级围绕“网络安全问题”召开主题班会，假定你是李华，以“How to stay safe online”为标题，写一篇发言稿。主要包括以下内容： 1. 强调网络安全重要性； 2. 提出建议（如保护好个人隐私、文明上网等）； 注意： 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in high school, my art teacher asked me to participate in a regional painting competition. I hesitated at first. Although I loved art, I had always painted for myself, not for contests or recognition. My family, who had moved from Mexico, encouraged me to express our culture through my art, but I was unsure about exposing my work to the public. Painting was a personal journey for me, a way to connect with my roots and express my emotions. But my teacher saw something in my paintings that I hadn’t. She said, “Your work tells a story, a vibrant narrative of your heritage and dreams. You should share it with the world.” Motivated by her confidence in me, I decided to take the leap. I chose the theme of ‘Migration’ for my painting. It was a tribute to my family’s journey from Mexico to the United States, a blend of colors and emotions depicting both the struggles and hopes of moving to a new land. I poured my heart into that canvas, each stroke representing a piece of my story. As I worked, I found myself lost in the memories and experiences of my family. The more I painted, the more I understood the sacrifices they had made for me. My doubts turned into determination. I wanted this painting not just to be seen but to be felt. I stayed up late for several nights, perfecting every detail, ensuring that every color and every line conveyed the emotions I felt so deeply. When I finally finished, I was no longer concerned about winning. The painting was a part of me, a representation of my family’s journey and my growth as an artist. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 怀仁市大地学校2024-2025学年度下学期期中考试 高二英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷由三个部分组成。其中，第一和第二部分的第一节为选择题。第二部分的第二节和第三部分为非选择题。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第I卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) （略） 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Movies for Families Look at our family movies list. We have prepared four top family movies for you to enjoy with parents. The Goonies, 114 minutes If you’re hosting a sleepover(彻夜狂欢), you’ll be a hero by turning on this fantasy about some adventure-seeking kids. What we all remember and love about the children is that they “never say die (永不言败)”. Warning: it can be a bit scary, but we think it’s safe for kids aged 10 and over. Pollyanna, 134 minutes Hayley Mills in Pollyanna is one of Hollywood’s most lovable child characters in film. An orphan (孤儿) sent to live with her rich Aunt Polly, she’s unbelievably positive, and brings the town together. Don’t miss other Hayley Mills’ classics, like The Trouble With Angels and The Parent Trap. The Land Before Time, 70 minutes Baby dinosaurs stressing friendship may seem a little too much like Barney, but The Land Before Time wins over audiences of all ages. Littlefoot, a young, orphaned dinosaur, must make his way to the Great Valley in order to survive a natural disaster, and makes lots of friends in the process. Newsies, 121 Minutes Set in 1899, this Disney Musical about some singing and dancing paperboys isn’t exactly historical. But if your kids love music, they won’t be able to turn it off. The stars include Robert Duvall, Ann-Margret, Bill Pullman and Christian Bale, so there’s something for you, too. 1. Which of the following is suitable for Children aged 8? A. Newsies. B. The Goonies. C. The Trouble With Angels. D. The Land Before Time. 2. Who is Hayley Mills? A. A film director. B. A movie star. C. An orphaned dinosaur. D. A lovable child character. 3. Why does the young dinosaur go to the Great Valley in The Land Before Time? A. To escape from a disaster. B. To find his friends. C. To give a performance. D. To meet his mother. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四部适合家庭观看的电影，包括《小鬼当家》（The Goonies）、《波利安娜》（Pollyanna）、《恐龙宝贝》（The Land Before Time）和《新闻报童》（Newsies），并针对每部电影提供了一些背景信息和适合观众的信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Land Before Time,70 minutes部分中“Baby dinosaurs stressing friendship may seem a little too much like Barney, but The Land Before Time wins over audiences of all ages. (恐龙宝宝强调友情可能看起来有点太像巴尼了，但《小脚板走天涯》却赢得了各个年龄段观众的喜爱)”可知，对于8岁的孩子来说，The Land Before Time适合观看。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pollyanna,134 minutes部分中“Hayley Mills in Pollyanna is one of Hollywood’s most lovable child characters in film.(海莉·米尔斯在《波莉安娜》中是好莱坞电影中最可爱的儿童角色之一)”可知，海莉·米尔斯是好莱坞电影中最可爱的儿童角色之一。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Land Before Time,70 minutes部分中“Littlefoot, a young, orphaned dinosaur, must make his way to the Great Valley in order to survive a natural disaster, and makes lots of friends in the process (小脚板是一只年轻的、孤独的恐龙，为了在一场自然灾害中生存下来，它必须前往大峡谷，并在这个过程中结交了许多朋友)”可知，小恐龙去大峡谷是为了躲避灾难，故选A。 B When Stanford University student Ellen Xu, now 18, was a five-year-old in San Diego, California, she clearly remembers that her parents rushed her little sister to the hospital. Three-year-old Kate had fallen seriously ill; she had a fever, reddened eyes, and some swelling (肿胀) in her hands and tongue. At first, the puzzled doctors thought she had flu, but when her condition didn’t improve, the Xus returned to the clinic room, where a doctor by chance had a similar earlier experience with such symptoms (症状) in the blood known as Kawasaki disease. Though rare (罕见的), it’s the leading cause of the heart disease in babies and young children, and its causes remain unknown. The doctor knew how to treat it: He ordered some medicine for Kate, and finally she shook off-the illness without suffering damage to her heart. Xu remembers being curious about her sister’s illness condition and was amazed that the grown-ups couldn’t answer her questions about why it was so hard to check. “In my mind, it was this puzzle I wanted to solve,” she says. Ten years later, wanting to enter a high school science fair, she had an idea. What if we had a doctor in our pocket? So she created just that: Using Al, Xu designed a program that uses visual facts to check the disease based on five physical symptoms. The technology works the same way as apps that can identify birds and plants with photos you’ve taken on your cellphone. Worried parents can upload a photo that they have taken of their child, and the technology will scan the picture for symptoms of the disease, which often have strong visual factors, such as a swollen longue. Xu’s invention has been applied as a web app on the website. “The technology could also be developed for recognizing some other diseases,” she says. “It means a lot to me. I want to use AI to help people live happier and healthier lives.” Xu says that her sister Kale, now in her third year of high school with dreams of becoming an environmental engineer, is strong and healthy. 4. Why did the author mention Kate’s illness? A. To explain who treated Kate’s illness. B. To prove how serious Kale’s illness was. C. To show how much Ellen loved her sister. D. To tell why Ellen wanted to solve the puzzle in her mind. 5. Why did Ellen design the program? A. To save her sister. B. To earn a prize. C. To check a rare disease. D. To identify birds and plants. 6. What can best describe Ellen according to the text? A. Determined and careful. B. Creative and helpful. C. Diligent and selfless. D. Active and easy-going. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. An App That Detects a Rare Disease B. An Invention Helping Doctors C. A Girl Recovering from a Disease D. A New Method to Treat a Disease 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Ellen利用人工智能技术创造了一个程序，可以根据症状检测疾病，帮助人们快速地获得诊断，改善健康状况。 4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Xu remembers being curious about her sister’s illness condition and was amazed that the grown- ups couldn’t answer her questions about why it was so hard to check. “In my mind, it was this puzzle I wanted to solve,” she says.(徐记得当时她对妹妹的病情很好奇，并惊讶于大人们无法回答她为什么很难检查的问题。“在我的脑海里，这是我想要解决的难题，”她说)”可推知，文章提到 Kate 的病，是为了说明 Ellen 想解开心中难题的动机。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“So she created just that: Using Al, Xu designed a program that uses visual facts to check the disease based on five physical symptoms.(因此，她创造了这样的东西：利用人工智能，徐设计了一个程序，利用视觉事实来检查基于五种身体症状的疾病)”可知，Ellen设计这款程序是为了检测这种罕见病，以此来拯救她的妹妹。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“ So she created just that: Using AI, Xu designed a program that uses visual facts to check the disease based on five physical symptoms.(因此，她创造了这样的东西：利用人工智能，徐设计了一个程序，利用视觉事实来检查基于五种身体症状的疾病)”可知，Ellen 自己设计了一个用于检查疾病的程序；再根据倒数第二段“ It means a lot to me. I want to use AI to help people live happier and healthier lives.(这对我来说意义重大。我想用人工智能来帮助人们过上更快乐、更健康的生活)”可知， Ellen想用人工智能帮助人们改善生活。由此可推知，Ellen是一个有创造力且乐于助人的人。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Ten years later, wanting to enter a high school science fair, she had an idea. What if we had a doctor in our pocket? So she created just that: Using Al, Xu designed a program that uses visual facts to check the disease based on five physical symptoms.(十年后，她有了一个主意，她想参加高中科学博览会。如果我们口袋里有个医生呢？因此，她创造了这样的东西：利用人工智能，徐设计了一个程序，利用视觉事实来检查基于五种身体症状的疾病)”结合本文主要讲述了 Ellen利用人工智能技术创造了一个程序，可以根据症状检测疾病，帮助人们快速地获得诊断，改善健康状况。由此可推知，A项“一款检测罕见疾病的应用”最适合作文章标题。故选 A。 C Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy (共情),” said Dr Koji Inoue, the lead author of the research. “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter.” The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm (算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations. “Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,” said Inoue. “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend. “One of the things we’d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter,” points out Prof. Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute. “But with their development, they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on.” 8. Why did Inoue’s team develop the AI system? A. To better understand human empathy. B. To promote the social skills of robots. C. To explore the differences between laughs. D. To assist robots in identifying people's moods. 9. What can robot Erica probably do at present? A. Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues B. Distinguish people by hearing their laughs C. Recreate a scene played by the four actresses D. Master the features of laughs provided by data. 10 What does the underlined word “obstructor” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Potential. B. Barrier. C. Alternative. D. Division. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Are AI systems going beyond human ability? B. Can conversational AI really understand us? C. Laughing robots are round the conner. D. Robots become laughing masters. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家正在研究的一款可以笑的机器人。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot.(科学家们现在正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声。该团队表示，该系统可以提高人与人工智能机器人之间的自然对话)”可知，团队开发了人工智能系统是为了提高机器人的社交技能。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段“The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm(算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations.(该团队已经开始教授他们的人工智能系统对话式大笑的艺术。他们从男性受试者和最初由四名女演员远程操作的机器人之间的80多次日常对话中收集了训练数据。对话数据被分为社交笑声（不涉及礼貌或尴尬的笑声）和欢乐的笑声。基于音频文件，该算法学习了社交笑声的基本特征，这些笑声往往更柔和、更快乐，目的是反映这些不恰当的情况)”可知，团队已经开始教授机器人笑的艺术，数据包括了笑的特征，因此推断机器人Erica可能掌握了目前数据提供的笑的特征。故选D项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第三段划线词后文“‘Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,’ said Inoue. ‘We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.’(Inoue说：“我们在这项工作中最大的______是确定分享笑声的实际案例，因为正如你所知，大多数笑声实际上根本就不是分享的。我们必须仔细决定哪些笑声可以用于我们的分析，我们不能仅仅假设任何笑声都能得到回应。这真的不是一项容易的工作。”)”可知，现在确定分享笑声的实际案例不是一件容易的事情，这是研究人员工作中最大的“障碍”，所以推测obstructor 表示“障碍”。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. (笑声有多种形式，从礼貌而安静的笑声到开怀大笑。科学家们现在正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍科学家正在研究一款拥有可以笑的机器人。所以C项Laughing robots are round the corner.（会笑的机器人即将问世）为最佳标题。故选C项。 D “Eat local.” It's one way to reduce human effect on the planet. Eating local means to try to buy and consume foods that are grown in places close to home. However, most of the food sold at supermarkets is not locally grown or produced. Trucks and planes deliver these foods from hundreds or thousands of miles away. During the transportation, greenhouse (温室) gases are produced, causing global warming. So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less harm is done to the environment. But how do you get local food if you live in a large city, hundreds of miles away from farms? Environmental health scientist Dickson Despommier and his students came up with the idea of a “vertical (垂直的)farm”. A vertical farm is a glass-walled structure that could be built as tall as a skyscraper (摩天大楼). Since the garden is built upwards, rather than outwards, it requires much less space than an ordinary farm. The world is quickly running out of room for ordinary farming. Vertical farms could be a key to this situation. Despommier imagines a 30-storey building with a greenhouse on every floor. The walls of the building would be clear to allow crops to get as much sunlight as possible. Depending on a city's water resources, Despommier thinks hydroponic (水培的) farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants. Despommier says the hydroponic greenhouses would use a system that would use a city's waste water and fill it with nutrition to make the crops grow. If this method works, it would provide food to a city and save millions of tons of water. The idea of a vertical farm has attracted the attention of government officials around the world. Scott Stringer, a government official from New York City, thinks the city is suitable for the vertical farming. “Obviously we don't have much land left for us,” Stringer said. “But the sky is the limit in Manhattan.” Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality. “But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way,” he says. 12. Why are people advised to eat local? A. Because it means convenience to people. B. Because it can help people save a lot of money. C. Because local food has more nutrition. D. Because it is environmentally friendly. 13. Which is one of the vertical farm's benefits when compared with ordinary farming? A. It produces healthier food. B. It does less harm to the cities. C. It needs more space of the city. D. It requires less transport costs. 14. By saying “the sky is the limit in Manhattan”, Stringer means ________. A. people can make full use of vertical space of Manhattan B. there is a limit for using empty land in Manhattan C. the height of buildings in Manhattan is limited D. Manhattan can spread as far as possible 15. What can we learn about the vertical farming in the passage? A. No soil is needed to grow plants on a vertical farm. B. It has solved the problem of the food shortage in a big way. C. The walls of the building would be clear to let people see the plants clearly. D. Crops are mainly grown in the rainwater on a vertical farm. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了人们吃当地的食物，因为对环境有好处。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less the harm is done to the environment.(所以食物运输的距离越短，对环境造成的危害就越小)”可知人们被建议吃当地食物的原因是因为对环境有好处，故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, most of the food sold at supermarkets is not locally grown or produced. Trucks and planes deliver these foods from hundreds or thousands of miles away. During the transportation, greenhouse (温室) gases are produced, causing global warming. So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less harm is done to the environment.(然而，超市里出售的大多数食物都不是当地种植或生产的。卡车和飞机从数百或数千英里外运送这些食物。在运输过程中，会产生温室气体，导致全球变暖。所以食物运输的距离越短，对环境的危害就越小)”以及第二段“But how do you get local food if you live in a large city, hundreds of miles away from farms? Environmental health scientist Dickson Despommier and his students came up with the idea of a “vertical(垂直的)farm”(但如果你住在远离农场数百英里的大城市，你怎么吃到当地的食物呢？环境健康科学家迪克森·德斯波米尔和他的学生提出了“垂直农场”的想法)”可知，与普通农业相比，垂直农场的好处之一是对城市的危害较小。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality. “But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way,” he says.( Despommier承认，要使垂直农场成为现实，还有很多工作要做。他说：“但我认为垂直农业是一个可以大行其道的想法。”)”可知Stringer的意思是人们应该充分利用曼哈顿的垂直空间，故选A。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Depending on a city’s water resources, Despommier thinks hydroponic (水培的) farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants.( Despommier认为，根据城市的水资源，水培农业是垂直农场的另一种方法，不需要土壤来种植植物)”可知有些农田不需要土壤来生长植物，故选A。 第二节 (共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Trust is the basic foundation of any relationship in both professional and personal capacity. Here are some ways to build trust and be trustworthy. Be always honest. Honesty is a virtue that must be cultivated (培养) fully if you desire to establish trust with others. Half-truths and white lies are a recipe for disaster.____16____ Communicate effectively. Poor communication is one of the main reasons why trust is unable to be sustained (维持) in any environment. The failure to clarify your stand may lead to unpleasant assumption.____17____If you want to avoid any issues, it’s important to communicate openly and freely with other involved parties in the beginning. ____18____Promises are not meant to be broken. Once you make a promise, it’s as binding (必须遵守的) as legal papers. It’s important that you honor your commitments if you’re interested in building trust. Do not be too quick in making decisions. There is no need to take too much pressure if you’re faced with a dilemma.____19____If the other part asks you to make a comment immediately and you have reservations about it, you can decline the task and say no in the beginning. Take the necessary time.____20____It’s an ongoing process that needs time to take root and develop effectively. Steady progress is possible only if it’s a regular activity; therefore, prepare to take small steps if you are looking for ways to build trust. Focus on the endgame and do not expect results in the beginning. A. Keep your word. B. Don’t take everything for granted. C. Trust cannot be earned in seconds. D. This can cause disagreements and the breaking of trust. E. Therefore, avoid them at all costs if you are trying to build trust. F. You’d better take the time to consider your approach from every angle. G. Make sure you are paying attention to old and new relationships equally. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何建立信任的方法。 【16题详解】 根据本段主题句“Be always honest. (永远要诚实。)”可知，本段强调的是：想要建立信任，必须诚实。根据上文“Half-truths and white lies are a recipe for disaster.(半真半假和善意的谎言是灾难的根源)”可知，说谎是无法建立信任的，E项“Therefore, avoid them at all costs if you are trying to buil d trust.(因此，如果你试图建立信任，就要不惜一切代价避免它们。)”意义与上文一致，且E项“them”指代上文中的“Half-truths and white lies”。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The failure to clarify your stand may lead to unpleasant assumption.(不能阐明你的立场可能会导致不愉快的假设。)”可知，想要建立信任，必须阐明立场，否则就会有不愉快的假设。D 项“This can cause disagreements and the breaking of trust.(这会导致分歧和信任的破裂。)”进一步说明：因不阐明立场而出现的假设会进一步导致分歧和不信任，与上文意义一致，符合语境。故选D项 【18题详解】 空处是本段的主题句。根据后文“Promises are not meant to be broken.(承诺是不能被打破的。)”可知，本段主题是：我们要遵守诺言。A项“Keep your word.(遵守诺言)”符合语境。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据本段主题句“Do not be too quick in making decisions. (不要急于做决定。)”可知，本段强调：做决定要慎重。根据下文“If the other part asks you to make a comment immediately and you have reservations about it, you can decline the task and say no in the beginning. (如果对方要求你立即发表评论，而你对此有保留意见，你可以拒绝这项任务，一开始就说不。)”可知，我们可以不用立即做出决定，而是谨慎思考，甚至拒绝。F项“You’d better take the time to consider your approach from every angle.(你最好花点时间从各个角度考虑你的方法。)”说明我们需要谨慎思考，符合题意。故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据本段主题句“Take the necessary time.(花些必要的时间)”可知，建立信任需要花费时间。根据下文“It’s an ongoing process that needs time to take root and develop effectively.(这是一个持续的过程，需要时间来扎根和有效地发展。)”可知，建立信任感是一个持续的过程。C 项“Trust cannot be earned in seconds.(信任不是几秒钟就能赢得的。)”说明信任感的建立需要花时间，与主题相符，与后文意义一致；且下文“It”指代的就是C项中的“Trust”。故选C项。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When John asked his daughters which sculptures they like best, they shouted excitedly, “The Story birds!”. These birds are the ___21___ of Robin and John. Robin explains, “Made from plain clay (黏土), the colorful ceramic birds stand on metal legs. There is a little ___22___ in it. Together, we make something better.” At John’s house, art is a family ___23___. Robin brings style to their ceramics. John crafts the metal elements of the sculptures, Their daughters, Ruby, Eliza and Carmella, help too. “The girls ___24___ into bodies,” says John, “Everyone contributes to the works, so every sculpture is a symbol of our ___25___ effort.” There are lots of ___26___ to turn a clay into a bird. First, John breaks the clay and ___27___ it until about one-quarter inch thick. He covers it so that it won’t dry out and ___28___. Then, Robin ___29___. She thins the clay here and there, pushing in and out to make the bird’s body. John adds fresh clay on the drier clay and Robin ____30____ the body with bright colors. Then it is Ruby’s turn. She sculpts it. Eventually, the bird will go into an oven for firing-baking and ____31____. Robin programs the oven so that the temperature ____32____ bit by bit. Total oven time can be 20 hours. “That may be a long time.but the ____33____ you heat the clay, the more likely it is to crack.” Robin says. Soon, the bird stands ____34____ on its feet, John shows it to his families. “I did the carving!” Ruby says excitedly. The girls gather for a closer look. The____35____expressions on their faces tell a story — they love making art together. 21. A. memories B. creations C. copies D. reforms 22. A. magic B. challenge C. reward D. effort 23. A. regulation B. guidance C. affair D. decision 24. A. look B. move C. come D. carve 25. A. joint B. real C. final D. serious 26. A. highlights B. steps C. ideas D. benefits 27. A. rolls B. fires C. paints D. brushes 28. A. disappear B. enlarge C. crack D. explode 29. A. takes over B. runs out C. tests out D. turns over 30. A. washes B. decorates C. refreshes D. strengthens 31. A. resting B. cycling C. striking D. hardening 32. A. drops B. changes C. stabilizes D. rises 33. A. hotter B. tougher C. faster D. deeper 34. A. quietly B. closely C. temporarily D. firmly 35. A. sensitive B. innocent C. enthusiastic D. gentle 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了约翰和孩子们一起制作黏土鸟的过程。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些鸟是罗宾和约翰创造的。A. memories记忆；B. creations作品；C. copies复制；D. reforms改革。根据后文“Made from plain clay, the colorful ceramic birds stand on metal legs.(这些五颜六色的陶瓷鸟由普通黏土制成，站在金属腿上。)”可知，这些鸟是罗宾和约翰创造的。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这有点挑战。A. magic魔法；B. challenge挑战；C. reward奖励；D. effort努力。根据上文“Together, we make something better.(我们一起做得更好。)”可知，陶瓷鸟由普通黏土制成，站在金属腿上，有挑战。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在约翰家，艺术是一件家事。A. regulation规章；B. guidance指导；C. affair事情；D. decision决定。根据后文“Everyone contributes to the works”可知，在约翰家，艺术是一件家事。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“女孩们雕刻身体，”约翰说，“每个人都为作品做出贡献，所以每一个雕塑都是我们共同努力的象征。”A. look看；B. move移动；C. come来；D. carve雕刻。根据后文““I did the carving!” Ruby says excitedly. The girls gather for a closer look.(“是我刻的!”鲁比兴奋地说。女孩们聚在一起凑近看)”可知，女孩雕刻身体。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“女孩们雕刻身体，”约翰说，“每个人都为作品做出贡献，所以每一个雕塑都是我们共同努力的象征。”A. joint共同的；B. real真的；C. final最后的；D. serious严肃的。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：把黏土变成一只鸟有很多步骤。A. highlights突出；B. steps步骤；C. ideas想法；D. benefits益处。根据后文解释了他们制作鸟的过程，可知把黏土变成一只鸟有很多步骤。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，约翰打碎黏土，把它擀成四分之一英寸厚。A. rolls滚动，擀成；B. fires点火；C. paints粉刷；D. brushes刷。根据后文“it until about one-quarter inch thick”可知，首先要把黏土擀成四分之一英寸厚。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它盖上，这样它就不会干裂。A. disappear消失；B. enlarge扩大；C. crack裂开；D. explode爆炸。根据上文“it won’t dry out and”盖上黏土避免干裂。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，罗宾接手。A. takes over接手；B. runs out用完；C. tests out考验；D. turns over翻转。根据后文“She thins the clay here and there, pushing in and out to make the bird’s body.(她把粘土在这里和那里磨薄，把黏土挤进和挤出，做成鸟的身体。)”可知，罗宾接手制作。故选A。 30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰在干燥的黏土上加上新鲜的黏土，罗宾用鲜艳的颜色装饰身体。A. washes洗涤；B. decorates装饰；C. refreshes使恢复精神；D. strengthens加强。根据后文“the body with bright colors”指用鲜艳的颜色装饰鸟的身体。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，这只鸟将进入烤箱进行烘烤和硬化。A. resting休息；B. cycling骑自行车；C. striking打击；D. hardening硬化。根据上文“the bird will go into an oven for firing-baking and”以及常识，黏土加热是为了变硬。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗宾给烤箱设定程序，使温度一点一点地升高。A. drops落下；B. changes改变；C. stabilizes稳定；D. rises上升。根据上文“the temperature”可知，要制作黏土鸟需要烤制，让温度上升。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这可能需要很长时间，但你加热黏土的速度越快，它就越有可能破裂。”罗宾说。A. hotter更热的；B. tougher更难得；C. faster快速地；D. deeper更深地。根据后文“the more likely it is to crack”可知，过快、时间太短会导致开裂。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，这只鸟稳稳地站了起来，约翰把它拿给他的家人看。A. quietly安静地；B. closely仔细地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. firmly稳稳地。根据后文“John shows it to his families”可知，向家人展示，说明鸟可以稳稳地站立了，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们脸上热情的表情说明了一个故事——他们喜欢一起创作艺术。A. sensitive敏感的；B. innocent无辜的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. gentle温和的。根据上文““I did the carving!” Ruby says excitedly. The girls gather for a closer look.(“是我刻的!”鲁比兴奋地说。女孩们聚在一起凑近看。)”可知，孩子们充满了热情。故选C。 第II卷 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weiqi is the Chinese name for the classic board game____36____(common) known in English as Go. The game, ____37____ was called yi in ancient China, has a history of over 3, 000 years. Weiqi is a board game between two players ____38____(use) black and white game pieces. According to ancient books, weiqi ____39____(invent) by the Chinese emperor Yao. In the Spring and Autumn Period, people would use terms in weiqi like “ju qi bu ding”(meaning “holding a game piece but not sure what move to make”) ____40____(describe) vacillation (犹豫不决) in polities. It’s quite clear how popular the game was at that time. Later, there were lots of talented weiqi ____41____(player) in all dynasties and many emperors in ancient China were weiqi lovers, such as Cao Cao and Zhu Yuanzhang. The rules of weiqi are very simple ____42____ the choices to move the game pieces vary. This is where the charm of the game lies. The time for one round of weiqi can be ____43____(difference). In most cases, it takes one or two hours to finish one round of weiqi. Weiqi is a game that combines science, art and ____44____(compete). It’s no wonder that the game has been popular for thousands of years and is gradually becoming ____45____ international cultural game. 【答案】36. commonly 37. which 38. using 39. was invented 40. to describe 41. players 42. but 43. different 44. competition 45. an 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是围棋的起源和特点。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：围棋是一种经典的棋类游戏，通常在英语中被称为Go。空格处用副词commonly修饰非谓语动词known，commonly意为“通常”，故填commonly。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这项运动在中国古代被称为“弈”，已有3000多年的历史。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词game是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：围棋是一种两名棋手之间使用黑白棋子的棋盘游戏。本句已有谓语动词is，所以use用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是players，两者是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填using。 【39题详解】 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：据古书记载，围棋是由中国的尧皇帝发明的。围棋是被发明，由“the Chinese emperor Yao”可知，是在过去被发明的，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语weiqi是单数，因此空格处用was invented，故填was invented。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在春秋时期，人们会用“举棋不定”(意思是“拿着棋子却不知道该怎么走”)这样的词语来形容政治上的摇摆不定。本句已有谓语动词use，所以describe用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处是表目的，应该用不定式形式。故填to describe。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：后来，历代都有很多有天赋围棋选手，中国古代的许多皇帝都是围棋爱好者，如曹操和朱元璋。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，和空前的weiqi构成固定搭配，weiqi player意为“围棋选手”，根据lots of可知用复数形式。故填players。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：围棋的规则很简单，但是移动棋子的选择却各不相同。前文“The rules of weiqi are very simple”和后文“the choices to move the game pieces vary”是转折关系，应该用but连接。故填but。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一局围棋的时间可能不同。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，difference的形容词形式是different。故填different。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：围棋是一种集科学、艺术和竞赛于一体的游戏。分析知，空处和空前的art并列，所以空处应填名词，compete的名词形式是competition。故填competition。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：难怪这个游戏已经流行了几千年，并逐渐成为一种国际文化游戏。game是可数名词，句中用的单数，前应用不定冠词修饰，international的发音为元音音素开头，用an修饰。故填an。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 随着网络的普及，网络诈骗，网络欺凌等青少年网络安全问题成为大家关注的一个焦点，李华所在的班级围绕“网络安全问题”召开主题班会，假定你是李华，以“How to stay safe online”为标题，写一篇发言稿。主要包括以下内容： 1. 强调网络安全的重要性； 2. 提出建议（如保护好个人隐私、文明上网等）； 注意： 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A possible version: Good afternoon, my dear classmates/fellow students! With the wide spread of the Internet, we have easy access to almost everything we want to know. Meanwhile, there are also hidden/potential dangers that we can’t see through. Then what should we do to stay safe online? First of all, don’t click on any strange link so as to avoid property loss. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give away your personal information like name or address, and never see strangers you meet online. Finally, always be polite in the virtual world. Try not to be a target for a cyberbully. Only when we obey the rules above can we build a healthy and harmonious online world. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于发言稿，要求考生以“How to stay safe online”为标题，写一篇发言稿。主要包括以下内容：1. 强调网络安全的重要性；2. 提出建议（如保护好个人隐私、文明上网等）。 详解】1. 词汇积累 保持：stay→keep 私人的：personal→private 遵守：obey→observe 首先：first of all→first and foremost 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First of all, don’t click on any strange link so as to avoid property loss. 拓展句：First of all, don’t click on any strange link, the purpose of which is to avoid property loss. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Meanwhile, there are also hidden/potential dangers that we can’t see through.(运用了关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Only when we obey the rules above can we build a healthy and harmonious online world.(运用了only位于句首引起的部分倒装句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in high school, my art teacher asked me to participate in a regional painting competition. I hesitated at first. Although I loved art, I had always painted for myself, not for contests or recognition. My family, who had moved from Mexico, encouraged me to express our culture through my art, but I was unsure about exposing my work to the public. Painting was a personal journey for me, a way to connect with my roots and express my emotions. But my teacher saw something in my paintings that I hadn’t. She said, “Your work tells a story, a vibrant narrative of your heritage and dreams. You should share it with the world.” Motivated by her confidence in me, I decided to take the leap. I chose the theme of ‘Migration’ for my painting. It was a tribute to my family’s journey from Mexico to the United States, a blend of colors and emotions depicting both the struggles and hopes of moving to a new land. I poured my heart into that canvas, each stroke representing a piece of my story. As I worked, I found myself lost in the memories and experiences of my family. The more I painted, the more I understood the sacrifices they had made for me. My doubts turned into determination. I wanted this painting not just to be seen but to be felt. I stayed up late for several nights, perfecting every detail, ensuring that every color and every line conveyed the emotions I felt so deeply. When I finally finished, I was no longer concerned about winning. The painting was a part of me, a representation of my family’s journey and my growth as an artist. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others. I felt a mix of excitement and nervousness as I saw the diverse and impressive artworks surrounding mine. Each piece told a unique story, but I knew that my painting held a special place in my heart, embodying not only my artistic expression but also my family’s journey and cultural heritage. As the judges began to evaluate the paintings, I closed my eyes and whispered a silent prayer, hoping that my message would resonate with those who viewed it. Finally, the head judge announced that I won! After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. She smiled warmly at me and said, “Congratulations! You’ve captured the essence of ‘Migration’ beautifully.” Her words filled me with a sense of validation and accomplishment. I knew that I had succeeded in sharing a piece of myself with the world. The journey of creating and exhibiting my painting had not only honed my artistic skills but had also deepened my connection to my roots. As I thanked my teacher for her guidance and support, I realized that taking that leap of faith had led me to a new level of artistic fulfillment and self-discovery. 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者在高中时参加绘画比赛的经历。起初，作者犹豫不决，但在美术老师表达肯定和信心后，决定以“移民”为主题创作一幅代表家人从墨西哥到美国旅程的作品。作者投入了心血和情感，并将自己的家庭记忆和经历融入到作品中。最终，作者完成了这幅有意义的画作，展现了家人的旅程和自己的成长。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“比赛的日子到了，当我把我的画作和其他人一起展示时，我的心怦怦直跳。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到其他人的画作的感受，对自己的画作的信心，以及评委们评价这些画作，作者成功获奖。 ②由第二段首句内容“比赛结束后，我走向我的美术老师，心中充满了感激和自豪。”可知，第二段可描写美术老师向作者表示祝贺和肯定，以及作者对这次完成画作参赛的感悟。 2. 续写线索：比赛日来临——作者和其他人画作的情况——评委宣布作者获奖——比赛结束——美术老师祝贺和肯定——作者参赛的感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①体现：embody/reflect/represent ②评价：evaluate/assess ③宣布：announce/declare ④展示：exhibit/display ⑤意识到：realize/recognize 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitement/thrill ②紧张：nervousness/tension 【点睛】[高分句型1] Each piece told a unique story, but I knew that my painting held a special place in my heart, embodying not only my artistic expression but also my family’s journey and cultural heritage. (that引导宾语从句、现在分词短语embodying…作状语) [高分句型2] As the judges began to evaluate the paintings, I closed my eyes and whispered a silent prayer, hoping that my message would resonate with those who viewed it. (As引导时间状语从句、现在分词短语hoping…作状语、that引导宾语从句、who引导限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$