精品解析：江苏省通州高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期第二次月考调研英语试卷

江苏省通州高级中学2024-2025学年度第二学期 高二年级第二次阶段性测试英语试卷 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1 What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Fix the seats. B. Repair a light. C. Replace a window. 2. What will the speakers do tonight? A. Play mobile games. B. Watch a movie. C. Do their homework. 3. What is the woman doing? A. Asking the way. B. Putting up a sign. C. Walking to the park. 4. What does the man feel regretful for? A. Losing touch with friends. B. Having some bad memories. C. Remembering little about childhood. 5. Where is Tom? A. At a garden. B. At a restaurant. C. At a supermarket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman need most now? A. Biscuits. B. Water. C. Apples. 7. Which place will the speakers go next? A. To a forest. B. To a shop. C. To a hill. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where are the speakers going at the weekend? A. To a golf course. B. To a farm. C. To the town. 9. Why are the speakers making the plan? A. To take a rest. B. To talk about business. C. To celebrate a birthday. 10. When are the speakers leaving? A. On Friday morning. B. On Friday afternoon. C. On Friday evening. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What picture is on the man’s shirt? A. A famous city. B. A dog. C. A band. 12. When was the man’s grandfather probably born? A. In 1950. B. In 1951. C. In 1961. 13. What do we know about Three Dog Night? A. They changed their name. B. They mainly played pop music. C. They once worked with Redwood. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How does the man feel about his interview? A. A bit worried. B. Greatly confident. C. Terribly disappointed. 15. Why did the woman apply to the University of Michigan? A. It’s her dream university. B. Her father wants her to go there. C. She believes it’s a great medical school. 16. What does the woman want to be? A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A doctor. 17. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Workmates. B. Strangers. C. Classmates. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What food is rich in vitamin D? A. Bones. B. Oily cake. C. Cheese. 19. What is the survival rate of patients in the second group after their operations? A. 30%. B. 46%. C. 72%. 20. What is the main idea of the talk? A. An introduction to cancer. B. Different treatments for cancer. C. Vitamin D’s benefit for people with a certain cancer. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In a growing number of schools, educators believe that having students take part by starting with practical problems is a great motivator. Project-based learning that freely crosses disciplines provides an education superior to the traditional “maths at age nine, history at ten, literature at eleven” structure. Examples of projects applicable to the here and now are as follows: Soil Superheroes Project King Middle School, Maine African Wildlife DNA Project High Tech High, California Seventh graders learn about soil bacteria (细菌) by creating multimedia information brochures. They consult professional microbiologists and cartoonists, conduct research, and then distribute their works to local garden centers and flower shops. An eleventh grade biology class uses DNA to help protect African wildlife. The students share their findings with wildlife-protection officials and have traveled to Tanzania to lead bushmeat-identification workshops. Water Wheel Project Ferry way School, Massachusetts Bridge Project Kentucky Elementary School, Ohio Fifth-graders explore history, science, technology, and engineering by designing their own water wheels. By the time they visit the nearby Saugus Iron Works, which dates back to the 1640s, they’ve already tested and mastered the centuries-old technology. Students conduct surveys, do research, build models and take field trips with the goal of determining the best kind of new bridge to build over the Ohio River. Students don’t restrict themselves to one discipline but rather look into maths, literature, history, science — whatever is appropriate to the study. 1. What is the characteristic of project-based learning? A. Following strict disciplines. B. Engaging in real-world issues. C. Starting subjects at different ages. D. Adopting teacher-centered class modes. 2. Which project includes a field trip to a historic site? A. Soil Superheroes Project. B. African Wildlife DNA Project. C. Water Wheel Project. D. Bridge Project. 3. What is highlighted in Bridge Project? A. Convenience. B. Integration. C. Efficiency. D. Popularity. B Imagine ancient mathematicians carving symbols onto wooden blocks. Without a concept of zero, how would their calculations operate? For civilizations like Egypt and Greece, zero had no place in their framework and they relied on contextual understanding in their mathematical expressions. Greek mathematicians such as Aristotle even questioned the very nature of zero, struggling to define “nothing” in a mathematical sense. The absence of zero meant that ancient arithmetic (算术) was far more complex and restricted in its capabilities. The first clear recorded use of zero as a figure appeared in ancient India around the 5th century CE. Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician, formalized the concept of zero in his work Brahmasphutasiddhanta (628 CE) . He described zero as a number and established rules for arithmetic operations involving zero. For example, he defined adding zero to a number does not change its value, and multiplying any number by zero results in zero. Indian scholars recognized zero’s potential as a number, paving the way for modern mathematical systems. Following from this, the adoption of zero revolutionized mathematics and zero extends beyond pure mathematics. In the 1600s, Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, the founders of calculus (微积分) , built their theories around the fundamental role of zero. Later in physics, the concept of absolute zero represents the lowest possible temperature. In the Digital Age, zero is key to computer science and digital technology. Binary code, the foundation of all computing systems, is based on sequences (序列) of Os and 1s. Without zero, the digital revolution, including everything from smartphones to artificial intelligence, would not be possible. Zero may appear to be a simple concept, but its journey — from an ancient Indian innovation to a global cornerstone — reveals how “nothing” transformed civilization. It has reshaped mathematics, science, and technology, proving that even emptiness holds limitless power. 4. What did the absence of zero bring about in ancient times? A. The slow development of maths. B. Doubts about ancient civilisations. C. The low level of human intelligence. D Misreadings about mathematical language. 5. What contributions did Brahmagupta make concerning zero? A. Recording its first use. B. Promoting its further spread. C. Setting up its operation rules. D. Changing its original concept. 6. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The future of zero. B. The nature of zero. C. The influence of zero. D. The history of zero. 7. What can we learn from the journey of zero? A. Zero is hero. B. Everything is nothing. C. Zero rules the world. D. Maths comes from nothing. C The debate over birth order and personality traits (特性) has been ongoing for over a century. After decades of contested claims, a handful of recent studies found there was little evidence for meaningful differences. But in a study published last week, psychologists have pushed back and claim there is an effect after all. In one of the largest studies ever conducted on birth order, family size and personality, Canadian researchers gathered data from more than 700,000 volunteers and found that on average, middle children scored higher than their siblings (兄弟姐妹) on traits seen as important for cooperation. Scores for the same traits were also higher in families with more children, suggesting that people may be more likely to develop a cooperative personality when they are raised as part of a bigger group. Michael Ashton, first author of the study, noted that individuals with more siblings were more likely to develop cooperative personalities. “A commonsense possibility is that when one has more siblings, one must more frequently cooperate rather than act on selfish preferences. This ongoing situation might then promote the development of cooperative tendencies generally”. Researchers have guessed about the impact of birth order for more than a century. In 1874, the polymath Francis Galton, the youngest of nine siblings, gathered histories on a group of English scientists and found a large proportion were firstborns. He suspected the eldest received more attention from their parents, propelling them to greater intellectual heights. Decades later, the Austrian psychologist Alfred Adler claimed firstborns were often conscientious and responsible, while the youngest might become independent and creative as they looked for ways to stand out. This new research lends some credence to Adler’s view, showing that middle children may indeed be more cooperative due to the unique position they hold in the family dynamic. They are often required to balance the needs of both younger and older siblings, fostering skills like negotiation and compromise. 8. What’s the finding of the Canadian study? A. Siblings are born the same. B. Middle children shine in cooperation. C. Birth order has little impact on personality. D. A large family contributes to sibling harmony. 9. What are Michael Ashton’s words aimed at? A. Offering an explanation. B. Forecasting a global trend. C. Presenting a new argument. D. Defending his research finding. 10. What does paragraph 5 of the text mainly focus on? A. Applications of the research finding. B. Past theories the Canadian study builds on. C. Previous studies on the impact of birth order. D. Further explanations of the research methods. 11. What does the underlined word “credence” in the last paragraph mean? A Denial. B. Pardon. C. Confusion. D. Acceptance. D Researchers led by Josie Hughes in the CREATE Lab in EPFL’s School of Engineering wanted to develop a robot that could go across diverse environments as skillfully as animals by changing form on the fly. With GOAT (Good Over All Terrains) they have achieved just that—and created a new model for robotic movement and control in the process. “While most robots compute the shortest path from A to B, GOAT considers the travel pattern as well as the path to be taken,” Hughes explains. “For example, instead of going around an obstacle like a stream, GOAT can swim straight through. If its path is hilly, it can passively roll downhill like a ball to save both time and energy, and then actively drive as a rover (漫游者) when rolling is no longer beneficial.” To design their robot, the CREATE team took inspiration from across the animal kingdom, including spiders and kangaroos. The team’s bioinspired approach led to a design that is highly compliant (顺应的), meaning it adapts in response to interaction with its environment, rather than remaining unchangeable. This allows GOAT to actively alter its shape to change its passive properties, which range from more flexible in its ‘rover’ model to stronger as a ball. CREATE Lab PhD student Max Polzin explains that compliance also allows GOAT to navigate with minimal sensing equipment. With only a satellite navigation system and a device for measuring the robot’s own direction, GOAT carries no cameras onboard. “It doesn’t need complex sensing. It can use the environment, even with very limited knowledge of it, to find the best path,” Polzin says. Future research includes improved algorithms (算法) to help with GOAT’s design. Looking ahead, the researchers see many potential applications for their device, from environmental monitoring to disaster response. 12. What key feature distinguishes GOAT? A. Rolling downhill like a ball. B. Calculating the shortest A-to-B path. C. Navigating obstacles such as streams. D. Efficient adaptation to varied terrains. 13. Where did GOAT’s designers find their solution? A. From previous robots. B. From other researches. C. From other species. D. From edging information. 14. In which field will GOAT probably be applied? A. Education. B. Climate. C. Finance. D. Medicine. 15. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Future Applications of GOAT B. The Development of a New Robot: GOAT C. GOAT: A Robot for Diverse Environments D. How GOAT Saves Time and Energy in Travel 第二节 七选五 （每题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Overcome Challenges When Learning from Failure Failure is a bitter pill to swallow, isn’t it? But, it’s often in the most difficult moments, in the ashes of defeat, that we find our greatest opportunities for growth. ___16___ This guide will look into the common challenges associated with learning from failure and how to overcome them. ● Dealing with emotional stress and burnout Failure often comes with a heavy emotional burden. ___17___ The first step in overcoming this challenge is acknowledging these emotions. It’s okay to feel disappointed — but don’t let your failure define you. Instead, view it as a temporary setback, not an endpoint. ● Maintaining focus and vision After a failure, it’s easy to lose sight of your original vision. But maintaining your focus on your long-term goals is critical. Take a step back, reflect on your vision, and rearrange your strategies accordingly. Yes, you might need to adjust your plans or timelines, but don’t let failure ruin your overall vision. ___18___ ● Continuous learning and skill development The greatest lesson from failure is the opportunity to learn. Develop a growth mindset and invest in continuous learning — attend workshops, read books, or take online courses. ___19___ Analyze your mistakes, draw lessons, and use those insights to refine your strategies. With each failure, you’re beginning with more experience. ● Accepting failure as a pathway to success ___20___ It’s merely a detour on the road to success. It offers an incomparable opportunity for growth and innovation. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, you can transform your setbacks into comebacks and transform failure into your stepping-stone towards success. A. Don’t forget that failure itself is a teacher. B. Learning from failure can be complicated. C. To strike this balance, make data-driven decisions. D. Failure is not the opposite of success — it’s a part of it. E. You can adapt to changes and avoid the same mistakes. F. You kicked off this journey for a reason — hold onto that. G. Feelings of inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead to burnout. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to be 20kg overweight and unfit. After struggling with my ___21___ all my life, I finally saw a dietitian. I lost 20kg in nine months. My self-esteem (自尊) increased and I had more ___22___ for life. Losing the weight made a huge difference to my ability to ___23___ myself and do more. At 54, I ___24___ a 14-day trek (旅行) to Nepal. I’d once been a big ___25___ — I left Australia at the age of 23 and didn’t return until I was 31, backpacking and living on the smell of an oily rag for years. It felt like time to ___26___ with travel. That Nepal trek was the beginning of my ___27___ for remote lands and long-distance walking. I got fitter and stronger. I loved ___28___ in remote countries seeing wide open spaces, falling into a tent every night and sleeping 10 hours. The nonsense of my life was ___29___. There was nothing to ___30___ except putting one foot in front of the other and ___31___ the day. At 70, I’m still out there hiking. Over the past 10 years I have done some ___32___ stuff: Nepal, South America, Africa and Mongolia. The more ___33___ , the harder, the better. I work hard at creating an interesting ___34___ for myself. I continue to think big, to ___35___ myself, to set targets that I cannot imagine I can make. 21. A. budget B. weight C. study D. identity 22. A. energy B. help C. duty D. concern 23 A. relax B. protect C. push D. express 24. A. dropped out of B. signed up for C. cut down on D. thought back to 25. A. dreamer B. consumer C. dealer D. traveller 26. A. reconnect B. break C. wrestle D. live 27. A. passion B. greed C. respect D. talent 28. A. volunteering B. working C. hiking D. settling 29. A. critical B. troublesome C. impressive D. forgotten 30. A. leave behind B. think about C. weigh up D. make out 31. A. wasting B. saving C. celebrating D. finishing 32. A. tough B. pleasant C. plain D. safe 33. A. civilized B. remote C. diverse D. populous 34. A. life B. job C. story D. bond 35. A. amuse B. comfort C. accept D. challenge 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Should you or should you not become an artist? It is one that you must decide entirely for yourself; all that I can do is to bring under your notice some materials of that ____36____(decide). I will begin, as I shall probably conclude, by assuring you that all depends on the vocation. To know ____37____ you like is the beginning of wisdom. Youth is ____38____(whole) experimental. The essence of those anxious years is ignorance of self and life. The young man brings these two unknowns together repeatedly, now with the gentlest touch ____39____ now with a bitter hug. If he is a sensitive person ____40____ easily gets carried away, the interest of these experiments grows beyond mere pleasure. His reward is ____41____(confirm) his existence and taste life’s variety. If you sense such ____42____ decisive passion, do not hesitate. Observe that the passion may not burn constantly at first. Habit sharpens talent; the necessity of hard work grows less disgusting, ____43____(grow) even welcome in the course of years; a small taste develops ____44____ an exclusive passion. Time will do the rest if devotion helps it; and soon your every thought _____45_____(absorb) in that beloved occupation. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) 46. 假定你是学校英语俱乐部的成员李明，为了引起同学们对文化遗产的关注与保护，你校英文俱乐部上周末组织大家去参观了市里的一处文化遗产，请你在校英文报上写一个活动总结，内容包括： （1）介绍此次活动； （2）保护文化遗址的建议。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was shy when I was thirteen. I was also what most teachers would call a “good kid.” I followed the rules and rarely questioned authority. But then one day, one single ride on a school bus changed all that. The school bus that day was crowded, hot and smelly. The windows were all rolled up—the driver’s order—it was simply raining too hard to have them down. My classmates were engaged in heated conversations and games. The driver had shouted at several kids who had been standing up in their seats and yelling. I sat alone as usual, speaking to no one. Over and over, I carefully wiped a small circle through the cloud on my window so that I could look outside. People raced here and there, grasping umbrellas or covering their heads with jackets. The bus stopped, waiting for an accident to clear. As I sat quietly, waiting and watching, I saw a kitty across the street on the other side of the road. He was all wet and didn’t seem to know how to get out of the rain. I wanted to go get the kitty, but I knew the bus driver, Mrs. Foster, would never allow me off the bus. It was against the rules to even stand up. I also thought if I pointed out the pitiful cat, the other kids would probably think that I was weird (奇怪的) , even weirder than they already thought I was. I didn’t want things to get any worse than they were. My window was cloudy again, and when I wiped it clear, I could see the kitty was struggling in what seemed to be a flooded river. He was now up to his neck in cold water, but his little front paws were holding on to the bars covering the storm drain (排水沟) . I saw absolute terror in his dark, round eyes. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Many thoughts raced through my mind. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Everyone stopped talking and looked at me, waiting. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省通州高级中学2024-2025学年度第二学期 高二年级第二次阶段性测试英语试卷 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Fix the seats. B. Repair a light. C. Replace a window. 2. What will the speakers do tonight? A. Play mobile games. B. Watch a movie. C. Do their homework. 3. What is the woman doing? A Asking the way. B. Putting up a sign. C. Walking to the park. 4. What does the man feel regretful for? A. Losing touch with friends. B. Having some bad memories. C. Remembering little about childhood. 5. Where is Tom? A. At a garden. B. At a restaurant. C. At a supermarket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman need most now? A. Biscuits. B. Water. C. Apples. 7. Which place will the speakers go next? A. To a forest. B. To a shop. C. To a hill. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where are the speakers going at the weekend? A. To a golf course. B. To a farm. C. To the town. 9. Why are the speakers making the plan? A. To take a rest. B. To talk about business. C. To celebrate a birthday. 10. When are the speakers leaving? A. On Friday morning. B. On Friday afternoon. C. On Friday evening. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What picture is on the man’s shirt? A. A famous city. B. A dog. C. A band. 12. When was the man’s grandfather probably born? A. In 1950. B. In 1951. C. In 1961. 13. What do we know about Three Dog Night? A. They changed their name. B. They mainly played pop music. C. They once worked with Redwood. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How does the man feel about his interview? A. A bit worried. B. Greatly confident. C. Terribly disappointed. 15. Why did the woman apply to the University of Michigan? A. It’s her dream university. B. Her father wants her to go there. C. She believes it’s a great medical school. 16. What does the woman want to be? A. A reporter. B. A teacher. C. A doctor. 17. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Workmates. B. Strangers. C. Classmates. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What food is rich in vitamin D? A. Bones. B. Oily cake. C. Cheese. 19. What is the survival rate of patients in the second group after their operations? A. 30%. B. 46%. C. 72%. 20. What is the main idea of the talk? A. An introduction to cancer. B. Different treatments for cancer. C. Vitamin D’s benefit for people with a certain cancer. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In a growing number of schools, educators believe that having students take part by starting with practical problems is a great motivator. Project-based learning that freely crosses disciplines provides an education superior to the traditional “maths at age nine, history at ten, literature at eleven” structure. Examples of projects applicable to the here and now are as follows: Soil Superheroes Project King Middle School, Maine African Wildlife DNA Project High Tech High, California Seventh graders learn about soil bacteria (细菌) by creating multimedia information brochures. They consult professional microbiologists and cartoonists, conduct research, and then distribute their works to local garden centers and flower shops. An eleventh grade biology class uses DNA to help protect African wildlife. The students share their findings with wildlife-protection officials and have traveled to Tanzania to lead bushmeat-identification workshops. Water Wheel Project Ferry way School, Massachusetts Bridge Project Kentucky Elementary School, Ohio Fifth-graders explore history, science, technology, and engineering by designing their own water wheels. By the time they visit the nearby Saugus Iron Works, which dates back to the 1640s, they’ve already tested and mastered the centuries-old technology. Students conduct surveys, do research, build models and take field trips with the goal of determining the best kind of new bridge to build over the Ohio River. Students don’t restrict themselves to one discipline but rather look into maths, literature, history, science — whatever is appropriate to the study. 1. What is the characteristic of project-based learning? A. Following strict disciplines. B. Engaging in real-world issues. C. Starting subjects at different ages. D. Adopting teacher-centered class modes. 2. Which project includes a field trip to a historic site? A. Soil Superheroes Project. B. African Wildlife DNA Project. C. Water Wheel Project. D. Bridge Project. 3. What is highlighted in Bridge Project? A. Convenience. B. Integration. C. Efficiency. D. Popularity. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍基于项目的学习模式，其特点是跨学科解决现实问题，并列举多个学校项目案例展示该模式的应用。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a growing number of schools, educators believe that having students take part by starting with practical problems is a great motivator. Project-based learning that freely crosses disciplines provides an education superior to the traditional “maths at age nine, history at ten, literature at eleven” structure. (在越来越多的学校里，教育工作者认为，让学生从实际问题开始参与是一个很大的动力。基于项目的学习可以自由跨越学科，提供了一种优于传统“九岁数学、十岁历史、十一岁文学”结构的教育)”可知，基于项目的学习模式的特点是强调参与现实世界的问题。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Water Wheel Project部分“By the time they visit the nearby Saugus Iron Works, which dates back to the 1640s, they’ve already tested and mastered the centuries-old technology.(当他们参观附近可追溯至17世纪40年代的索格斯钢铁厂时，他们已经测试并掌握了这项有数百年历史的技术。)”可知，Water Wheel Project项目包含对历史遗址的实地考察。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bridge Project部分“Students don’t restrict themselves to one discipline but rather look into maths, literature, history, science — whatever is appropriate to the study (学生们不局限于一门学科，而是研究数学、文学、历史、科学——任何适合该研究的学科)”可知，该项目强调多学科整合。故选B。 B Imagine ancient mathematicians carving symbols onto wooden blocks. Without a concept of zero, how would their calculations operate? For civilizations like Egypt and Greece, zero had no place in their framework and they relied on contextual understanding in their mathematical expressions. Greek mathematicians such as Aristotle even questioned the very nature of zero, struggling to define “nothing” in a mathematical sense. The absence of zero meant that ancient arithmetic (算术) was far more complex and restricted in its capabilities. The first clear recorded use of zero as a figure appeared in ancient India around the 5th century CE. Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician, formalized the concept of zero in his work Brahmasphutasiddhanta (628 CE) . He described zero as a number and established rules for arithmetic operations involving zero. For example, he defined adding zero to a number does not change its value, and multiplying any number by zero results in zero. Indian scholars recognized zero’s potential as a number, paving the way for modern mathematical systems. Following from this, the adoption of zero revolutionized mathematics and zero extends beyond pure mathematics. In the 1600s, Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, the founders of calculus (微积分) , built their theories around the fundamental role of zero. Later in physics, the concept of absolute zero represents the lowest possible temperature. In the Digital Age, zero is key to computer science and digital technology. Binary code, the foundation of all computing systems, is based on sequences (序列) of Os and 1s. Without zero, the digital revolution, including everything from smartphones to artificial intelligence, would not be possible. Zero may appear to be a simple concept, but its journey — from an ancient Indian innovation to a global cornerstone — reveals how “nothing” transformed civilization. It has reshaped mathematics, science, and technology, proving that even emptiness holds limitless power. 4. What did the absence of zero bring about in ancient times? A. The slow development of maths. B. Doubts about ancient civilisations. C. The low level of human intelligence. D. Misreadings about mathematical language. 5. What contributions did Brahmagupta make concerning zero? A. Recording its first use. B. Promoting its further spread. C. Setting up its operation rules. D. Changing its original concept. 6. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The future of zero. B. The nature of zero. C. The influence of zero. D. The history of zero. 7. What can we learn from the journey of zero? A. Zero is hero. B. Everything is nothing. C. Zero rules the world. D. Maths comes from nothing. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了零从古至今的发展历程以及其对人类文明的重要影响。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For civilizations like Egypt and Greece, zero had no place in their framework and they relied on contextual understanding in their mathematical expressions. Greek mathematicians such as Aristotle even questioned the very nature of zero, struggling to define “nothing” in a mathematical sense. The absence of zero meant that ancient arithmetic was far more complex and restricted in its capabilities. (对于埃及和希腊等文明来说，零在它们的体系里没有一席之地，它们在数学表达上依靠上下文理解。像亚里士多德这样的希腊数学家甚至质疑零的本质，在数学意义上难以定义“无”。零的缺失意味着古代算术要复杂得多，且能力受限。)”可知，零的缺失使古代算术复杂且能力受限，也就意味着数学发展缓慢，所以古代零的缺失带来了数学发展的缓慢。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician, formalized the concept of zero in his work Brahmasphutasiddhanta (628 CE). He described zero as a number and established rules for arithmetic operations involving zero. For example, he defined adding zero to a number does not change its value, and multiplying any number by zero results in zero. (印度数学家婆罗摩笈多在公元628年的著作《婆罗摩修正体系》中正式提出了零的概念。他将零描述为一个数字，并建立了涉及零的算术运算规则。例如，他定义了一个数加零不改变其值，任何数乘以零结果为零。)”可知，婆罗摩笈多将零描述为一个数字，并建立了涉及零的算术运算规则，也就是设定了零的操作规则。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Following from this, the adoption of zero revolutionized mathematics and zero extends beyond pure mathematics. In the 1600s, Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, the founders of calculus, built their theories around the fundamental role of zero. Later in physics, the concept of absolute zero represents the lowest possible temperature. In the Digital Age, zero is key to computer science and digital technology. Binary code, the foundation of all computing systems, is based on sequences of 0s and 1s. Without zero, the digital revolution, including everything from smartphones to artificial intelligence, would not be possible. (由此，零的采用使数学发生了革命性变化，且零的作用超越了纯数学。在17世纪，微积分的创始人艾萨克·牛顿和戈特弗里德·威廉·莱布尼茨围绕零的基础作用构建了他们的理论。后来在物理学中，绝对零度的概念代表了可能的最低温度。在数字时代，零是计算机科学和数字技术的关键。二进制代码是所有计算系统的基础，基于0和1的序列。没有零，从智能手机到人工智能等一切数字革命都不可能实现。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了零在不同领域(数学、物理、计算机科学等) 发挥的重要作用，也就是零的影响。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Zero may appear to be a simple concept, but its journey — from an ancient Indian innovation to a global cornerstone — reveals how “nothing” transformed civilization. It has reshaped mathematics, science, and technology, proving that even emptiness holds limitless power. (零可能看似是一个简单的概念，但它从古代印度的一项创新发展成为全球基石的历程，揭示了“无”如何改变了文明。它重塑了数学、科学和技术，证明了即使是虚无也蕴含着无限的力量。)”可知，零起到了关键重要作用，如同英雄一般。故选A。 C The debate over birth order and personality traits (特性) has been ongoing for over a century. After decades of contested claims, a handful of recent studies found there was little evidence for meaningful differences. But in a study published last week, psychologists have pushed back and claim there is an effect after all. In one of the largest studies ever conducted on birth order, family size and personality, Canadian researchers gathered data from more than 700,000 volunteers and found that on average, middle children scored higher than their siblings (兄弟姐妹) on traits seen as important for cooperation. Scores for the same traits were also higher in families with more children, suggesting that people may be more likely to develop a cooperative personality when they are raised as part of a bigger group. Michael Ashton, first author of the study, noted that individuals with more siblings were more likely to develop cooperative personalities. “A commonsense possibility is that when one has more siblings, one must more frequently cooperate rather than act on selfish preferences. This ongoing situation might then promote the development of cooperative tendencies generally”. Researchers have guessed about the impact of birth order for more than a century. In 1874, the polymath Francis Galton, the youngest of nine siblings, gathered histories on a group of English scientists and found a large proportion were firstborns. He suspected the eldest received more attention from their parents, propelling them to greater intellectual heights. Decades later, the Austrian psychologist Alfred Adler claimed firstborns were often conscientious and responsible, while the youngest might become independent and creative as they looked for ways to stand out. This new research lends some credence to Adler’s view, showing that middle children may indeed be more cooperative due to the unique position they hold in the family dynamic. They are often required to balance the needs of both younger and older siblings, fostering skills like negotiation and compromise. 8. What’s the finding of the Canadian study? A. Siblings are born the same. B. Middle children shine in cooperation. C. Birth order has little impact on personality. D. A large family contributes to sibling harmony. 9. What are Michael Ashton’s words aimed at? A. Offering an explanation. B. Forecasting a global trend. C. Presenting a new argument. D. Defending his research finding. 10. What does paragraph 5 of the text mainly focus on? A. Applications of the research finding. B. Past theories the Canadian study builds on. C. Previous studies on the impact of birth order. D. Further explanations of the research methods. 11. What does the underlined word “credence” in the last paragraph mean? A. Denial. B. Pardon. C. Confusion. D. Acceptance. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了关于出生顺序对性格影响的新研究及相关观点。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In one of the largest studies ever conducted on birth order, family size and personality, Canadian researchers gathered data from more than 700,000 volunteers and found that on average, middle children scored higher than their siblings (兄弟姐妹) on traits seen as important for cooperation.(在有史以来针对出生顺序、家庭规模和性格所开展的最大规模研究之一中，加拿大研究人员从 70 多万名志愿者那里收集了数据，并发现，平均而言，排行中间的孩子在对合作而言被视为重要的性格特质方面得分高于他们的兄弟姐妹)”可知，加拿大研究人员发现，平均而言，排行中间的孩子在对合作很重要的特质方面得分高于他们的兄弟姐妹，即中间的孩子在合作方面表现突出。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Michael Ashton, first author of the study, noted that individuals with more siblings were more likely to develop cooperative personalities. “A commonsense possibility is that when one has more siblings, one must more frequently cooperate rather than act on selfish preferences. This ongoing situation might then promote the development of cooperative tendencies generally”.(这项研究的第一作者迈克尔・阿什顿指出，兄弟姐妹较多的人更有可能培养出合作型的性格。“一个合乎常理的可能性是，当一个人的兄弟姐妹较多时，他就必须更频繁地进行合作，而不是按照自私的喜好行事。这种持续存在的情况可能进而会普遍促进合作倾向的发展。”)”可知，Michael Ashton 指出有更多兄弟姐妹的人更有可能发展出合作的个性，后面的话是对这一观点进行的一种解释，说明为什么有更多兄弟姐妹的人会更具合作性。所以他的话旨在给出一种解释。故选 A。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段的“Researchers have guessed about the impact of birth order for more than a century.(一个多世纪以来，研究人员一直都在猜测出生顺序所带来的影响)”以及后面提到的Francis Galton和Alfred Adler的研究可知，本段主要聚焦于过去关于出生顺序影响的研究。故选C。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子“showing that middle children may indeed be more cooperative due to the unique position they hold in the family dynamic.(显示出由于中间子女在家庭动态中所处的独特地位，他们可能确实更具合作精神)”可知，新的研究表明中间的孩子确实可能因为他们在家庭动态中所处的独特位置而更具合作性，这说明新研究是支持Adler的观点的，所以 credence意思应该是“认可，接受”。故选D。 D Researchers led by Josie Hughes in the CREATE Lab in EPFL’s School of Engineering wanted to develop a robot that could go across diverse environments as skillfully as animals by changing form on the fly. With GOAT (Good Over All Terrains) they have achieved just that—and created a new model for robotic movement and control in the process. “While most robots compute the shortest path from A to B, GOAT considers the travel pattern as well as the path to be taken,” Hughes explains. “For example, instead of going around an obstacle like a stream, GOAT can swim straight through. If its path is hilly, it can passively roll downhill like a ball to save both time and energy, and then actively drive as a rover (漫游者) when rolling is no longer beneficial.” To design their robot, the CREATE team took inspiration from across the animal kingdom, including spiders and kangaroos. The team’s bioinspired approach led to a design that is highly compliant (顺应的), meaning it adapts in response to interaction with its environment, rather than remaining unchangeable. This allows GOAT to actively alter its shape to change its passive properties, which range from more flexible in its ‘rover’ model to stronger as a ball. CREATE Lab PhD student Max Polzin explains that compliance also allows GOAT to navigate with minimal sensing equipment. With only a satellite navigation system and a device for measuring the robot’s own direction, GOAT carries no cameras onboard. “It doesn’t need complex sensing. It can use the environment, even with very limited knowledge of it, to find the best path,” Polzin says. Future research includes improved algorithms (算法) to help with GOAT’s design. Looking ahead, the researchers see many potential applications for their device, from environmental monitoring to disaster response. 12. What key feature distinguishes GOAT? A. Rolling downhill like a ball. B. Calculating the shortest A-to-B path. C. Navigating obstacles such as streams. D. Efficient adaptation to varied terrains. 13. Where did GOAT’s designers find their solution? A. From previous robots. B. From other researches. C. From other species. D. From edging information. 14. In which field will GOAT probably be applied? A. Education. B. Climate. C. Finance. D. Medicine. 15. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Future Applications of GOAT B. The Development of a New Robot: GOAT C. GOAT: A Robot for Diverse Environments D. How GOAT Saves Time and Energy in Travel 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一种新型机器人GOAT能够适应各种环境。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers led by Josie Hughes in the CREATE Lab in EPFL’s School of Engineering wanted to develop a robot that could go across diverse environments as skillfully as animals by changing form on the fly.(由乔西·休斯领导的EPFL工程学院CREATE实验室的研究人员想要开发一种机器人，它可以像动物一样熟练地通过在飞行中改变形态来穿越各种环境)”以及第二段““While most robots compute the shortest path from A to B, GOAT considers the travel pattern as well as the path to be taken,” Hughes explains. “For example, instead of going around an obstacle like a stream, GOAT can swim straight through. If its path is hilly, it can passively roll downhill like a ball to save both time and energy, and then actively drive as a rover (漫游者) when rolling is no longer beneficial.”(休斯解释说：“当大多数机器人计算从A点到B点的最短路径时，GOAT会考虑旅行模式和路径。例如，山羊可以直接游过去，而不是像溪流一样绕过障碍物。如果它的路径是丘陵，它可以像球一样被动地滚下山，以节省时间和精力，然后当滚动不再有益时，它可以作为漫游者主动行驶。”)”可知，GOAT最主要的特征就是能根据不同的环境改变它的形态。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To design their robot, the CREATE team took inspiration from across the animal kingdom, including spiders and kangaroos. The team’s bioinspired approach led to a design that is highly compliant (顺应的), meaning it adapts in response to interaction with its environment, rather than remaining unchangeable.(为了设计他们的机器人，CREATE团队从动物王国汲取了灵感，包括蜘蛛和袋鼠。该团队的生物启发方法导致了高度顺应的设计，这意味着它可以适应与环境的相互作用，而不是保持不变)”可知，CREATE团队是由其他生物特别是动物而产生灵感。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Looking ahead, the researchers see many potential applications for their device, from environmental monitoring to disaster response.(展望未来，研究人员看到了他们的设备的许多潜在应用，从环境监测到灾难响应)”可知，此款机器人可以适用于环境监测或者灾难应对等领域，而气象领域会有极端灾害发生。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers led by Josie Hughes in the CREATE Lab in EPFL’s School of Engineering wanted to develop a robot that could go across diverse environments as skillfully as animals by changing form on the fly. With GOAT (Good Over All Terrains) they have achieved just that—and created a new model for robotic movement and control in the process.(由乔西·休斯领导的EPFL工程学院CREATE实验室的研究人员想要开发一种机器人，它可以像动物一样熟练地通过在飞行中改变形态来穿越各种环境。有了GOAT (Good Over All terrain)，他们就做到了这一点，并在这个过程中为机器人的运动和控制创造了一个新的模型)”可知，本文讲了一种新型机器人GOAT能够适应各种环境，所以C项“GOAT：适应不同环境的机器人”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。 第二节 七选五 （每题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Overcome Challenges When Learning from Failure Failure is a bitter pill to swallow, isn’t it? But, it’s often in the most difficult moments, in the ashes of defeat, that we find our greatest opportunities for growth. ___16___ This guide will look into the common challenges associated with learning from failure and how to overcome them. ● Dealing with emotional stress and burnout Failure often comes with a heavy emotional burden. ___17___ The first step in overcoming this challenge is acknowledging these emotions. It’s okay to feel disappointed — but don’t let your failure define you. Instead, view it as a temporary setback, not an endpoint. ● Maintaining focus and vision After a failure, it’s easy to lose sight of your original vision. But maintaining your focus on your long-term goals is critical. Take a step back, reflect on your vision, and rearrange your strategies accordingly. Yes, you might need to adjust your plans or timelines, but don’t let failure ruin your overall vision. ___18___ ● Continuous learning and skill development The greatest lesson from failure is the opportunity to learn. Develop a growth mindset and invest in continuous learning — attend workshops, read books, or take online courses. ___19___ Analyze your mistakes, draw lessons, and use those insights to refine your strategies. With each failure, you’re beginning with more experience. ● Accepting failure as a pathway to success ___20___ It’s merely a detour on the road to success. It offers an incomparable opportunity for growth and innovation. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, you can transform your setbacks into comebacks and transform failure into your stepping-stone towards success. A. Don’t forget that failure itself is a teacher. B. Learning from failure can be complicated. C. To strike this balance make data-driven decisions. D. Failure is not the opposite of success — it’s a part of it. E. You can adapt to changes and avoid the same mistakes. F. You kicked off this journey for a reason — hold onto that. G. Feelings of inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead to burnout. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了如何从失败中学习和克服挑战，给出了具体的建议和方法。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Failure is a bitter pill to swallow, isn’t it? But, it’s often in the most difficult moments, in the ashes of defeat, that we find our greatest opportunities for growth.(失败是难以下咽的苦果，不是吗？但是，往往是在最困难的时刻，在失败的灰烬中，我们找到了最大的成长机会)”以及后文“This guide will look into the common challenges associated with learning from failure and how to overcome them.(本指南将探讨与从失败中学习有关的常见挑战以及如何克服它们)”可知，前文讲述在失败中找到了最大的成长机会，后文讲述本文主要探讨从失败中学习的方法，所以空处应是过渡句，B项“Learning from failure can be complicated.(从失败中学习是很复杂的)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据本段小标题“Dealing with emotional stress and burnout(处理情绪压力和倦怠)”以及前文“Failure often comes with a heavy emotional burden.(失败往往伴随着沉重的情感负担)”可知，本段主要讲述如何处理情绪压力和倦怠，所以G项“Feelings of inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead to burnout.(不足、压力和恐惧的感觉会很快导致精疲力竭)”是对前文讲述的情感负担的详细说明，符合此处主题。故选G项。 【18题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“After a failure, it’s easy to lose sight of your original vision. But maintaining your focus on your long-term goals is critical. Take a step back, reflect on your vision, and rearrange your strategies accordingly. Yes, you might need to adjust your plans or timelines, but don’t let failure ruin your overall vision.(失败之后，你很容易忘记自己最初的愿景。但保持对长期目标的关注是至关重要的。退后一步，反思你的愿景，并相应地重新安排你的策略。是的，你可能需要调整你的计划或时间表，但不要让失败毁了你的整体愿景)”可知，本段主要讲述了即使失败了也不要放弃原本的目标，改变策略继续前进，所以F项“You kicked off this journey for a reason — hold onto that.(你开始这段旅程是有原因的——坚持下去)”符合本段主题，是对前文的总结。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Analyze your mistakes, draw lessons, and use those insights to refine your strategies. With each failure, you’re beginning with more experience.(分析你的错误，吸取教训，并利用这些见解来完善你的策略。每经历一次失败，你都会有更多的经验)”可知，此处是在讲述从失败中学习，所以A项“Don’t forget that failure itself is a teacher.(不要忘记，失败本身就是一位老师)”符合此处主题，引出下文。故选A项。 【20题详解】 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It’s merely a detour on the road to success. It offers an incomparable opportunity for growth and innovation. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, you can transform your setbacks into comebacks and transform failure into your stepping-stone towards success.(这只不过是成功路上的一个弯路。它为增长和创新提供了无与伦比的机会。用正确的心态来应对这些挑战，你就能把挫折变成反击，把失败变成通往成功的垫脚石)”可知，本段讲述了失败是通往成功的垫脚石，所以D项“Failure is not the opposite of success — it’s a part of it.(失败不是成功的对立面——它是成功的一部分)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to be 20kg overweight and unfit. After struggling with my ___21___ all my life, I finally saw a dietitian. I lost 20kg in nine months. My self-esteem (自尊) increased and I had more ___22___ for life. Losing the weight made a huge difference to my ability to ___23___ myself and do more. At 54, I ___24___ a 14-day trek (旅行) to Nepal. I’d once been a big ___25___ — I left Australia at the age of 23 and didn’t return until I was 31, backpacking and living on the smell of an oily rag for years. It felt like time to ___26___ with travel. That Nepal trek was the beginning of my ___27___ for remote lands and long-distance walking. I got fitter and stronger. I loved ___28___ in remote countries, seeing wide open spaces, falling into a tent every night and sleeping 10 hours. The nonsense of my life was ___29___. There was nothing to ___30___ except putting one foot in front of the other and ___31___ the day. At 70, I’m still out there hiking. Over the past 10 years I have done some ___32___ stuff: Nepal, South America, Africa and Mongolia. The more ___33___ , the harder, the better. I work hard at creating an interesting ___34___ for myself. I continue to think big, to ___35___ myself, to set targets that I cannot imagine I can make. 21. A. budget B. weight C. study D. identity 22. A. energy B. help C. duty D. concern 23. A. relax B. protect C. push D. express 24. A. dropped out of B. signed up for C. cut down on D. thought back to 25. A. dreamer B. consumer C. dealer D. traveller 26. A. reconnect B. break C. wrestle D. live 27. A. passion B. greed C. respect D. talent 28. A. volunteering B. working C. hiking D. settling 29. A. critical B. troublesome C. impressive D. forgotten 30. A. leave behind B. think about C. weigh up D. make out 31. A. wasting B. saving C. celebrating D. finishing 32. A. tough B. pleasant C. plain D. safe 33. A. civilized B. remote C. diverse D. populous 34. A. life B. job C. story D. bond 35. A. amuse B. comfort C. accept D. challenge 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和感受，讲述了减肥和旅行带来的生活变化和个人成长，以及对此的深刻体会和思考。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与体重抗争了一辈子之后，我终于去看了一位营养师。A. budget预算；B. weight重量；C. study学习、研究；D. identity身份。根据前文“I used to be 20kg overweight and unfit.”可知，作者超重，所以是和他的体重抗争。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自尊心增强了，生活也更有活力了。A. energy精力；B. help帮助；C. duty职责；D. concern关心。根据前文“I lost 20kg in nine months”可知，作者减掉了20公斤，根据实际，减肥能让人更有精力。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：减肥让我的能力发生了巨大的变化，促使我做更多的事情。A. relax放松；B. protect保护；C. push促使；D. express表达。根据前文“Losing the weight made a huge difference to my ability”可知，减肥让作者的能力发生了巨大的变化，结合选项，应是促使他做更多的事情，符合语境。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：54岁时，我报名参加了为期14天的尼泊尔徒步旅行。A. dropped out of退出；B. signed up for报名参加；C. cut down on削减；D. thought back to回想起。根据后文“That Nepal trek was the beginning of my 　　　7　　　 for remote lands and long-distance walking.”可知，作者参加了尼泊尔徒步旅行，所以此处是报名参加。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经是个大旅行家——我23岁离开澳大利亚，直到31岁才回来，多年来背包旅行，生活在油布的气味中。A. dreamer梦想家；B. consumer消费者；C. dealer经销商；D. traveller旅行者。根据后文“I left Australia at the age of 23 and didn’t return until I was 31, backpacking and living on the smell of an oily rag for years.”可知，作者从23岁到31岁一直在做背包旅行，所以是个大旅行家。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉是时候重新开始旅行了。A. reconnect重新连接；B. break打破；C. wrestle摔跤；D. live生活。根据前文“I left Australia at the age of 23 and didn’t return until I was 31”以及“At 54, I 　　　4　　　 a 14-day trek (旅行) to Nepal.”可知，作者的旅行到31岁停止了，当他54时报名了14天的尼泊尔徒步旅行，所以是重新开始旅行了。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次尼泊尔徒步旅行开始了我对偏远地区和长途徒步的热情。A. passion激情；B. greed贪婪；C. respect尊重；D. talent天赋。根据后文“I loved 　　　8　　　 in remote countries, seeing wide open spaces, falling into a tent every night and sleeping 10 hours.”可知，作者喜欢在偏远的国家徒步旅行，看到广阔的空间，所以是尼泊尔徒步旅行开始了作者对偏远地区和长途徒步的热情。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在偏远的国家徒步旅行，看到广阔的空间，每晚躺在帐篷里睡10个小时。A. volunteering志愿服务；B. working工作；C. hiking徒步；D. settling定居。根据前文“That Nepal trek was the beginning of my 　　　7　　　 for remote lands and long-distance walking.”可知，作者爱上了在偏远的国家徒步旅行。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我生活中的琐事都被遗忘了。A. critical关键的；B. troublesome麻烦的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. forgotten被遗忘的。根据后文“There was nothing to 　　　10　　　 except putting one foot in front of the other and 　　　11　　　 the day.”可知，作者除了庆祝这一天外，没什么可以考虑的，所以是生活中的琐事都被遗忘了。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了把一只脚放在另一只脚前面，结束这一天之外，没有什么可考虑的。A. leave behind留下；B. think about考虑；C. weigh up权衡；D. make out辨认出。根据前文“The nonsense of my life was 　　　9　　　.”可知，生活中的琐事都被遗忘了，所以是没有什么可考虑的。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了把一只脚放在另一只脚的前面，结束这一天，没有什么可考虑的。A. wasting浪费；B. saving节省；C. celebrating庆祝；D. finishing完成。根据前文“putting one foot in front of the other”可知，作者在偏远的国家徒步旅行，躺在帐篷里结束这一天外，就没有什么可考虑的。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的10年里，我去过一些艰苦的地方：尼泊尔、南美、非洲和蒙古。A. tough艰苦的；B. pleasant愉快的；C. plain简单的；D. safe安全的。根据前文“I loved 　　　8　　　 in remote countries”可知，作者在偏远的国家徒步旅行，一般这些地方都是艰苦的地方。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：越偏远，越难，越好。A. civilized文明的；B. remote遥远的；C. diverse多样的；D. populous人口稠密的。根据前文“I loved 　　　8　　　 in remote countries”可知，作者喜欢在偏远的国家徒步旅行，所以他认为越偏远，越难，越好。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我努力为自己创造一个有趣的生活。A. life生活；B. job工作；C. story故事；D. bond纽带。根据前文“The more 　　　13　　　 , the harder, the better.”可知，作者努力为自己创造一个有趣的生活。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我继续大胆思考，挑战自我，设定我无法想象自己能实现的目标。A. amuse娱乐；B. comfort安慰；C. accept接受；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“to set targets that I cannot imagine I can make.”可知，作者设定他无法想象自己能实现的目标，所以是挑战自己。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Should you or should you not become an artist? It is one that you must decide entirely for yourself; all that I can do is to bring under your notice some materials of that ____36____(decide). I will begin, as I shall probably conclude, by assuring you that all depends on the vocation. To know ____37____ you like is the beginning of wisdom. Youth is ____38____(whole) experimental. The essence of those anxious years is ignorance of self and life. The young man brings these two unknowns together repeatedly, now with the gentlest touch ____39____ now with a bitter hug. If he is a sensitive person ____40____ easily gets carried away, the interest of these experiments grows beyond mere pleasure. His reward is ____41____(confirm) his existence and taste life’s variety. If you sense such ____42____ decisive passion, do not hesitate. Observe that the passion may not burn constantly at first. Habit sharpens talent; the necessity of hard work grows less disgusting, ____43____(grow) even welcome in the course of years; a small taste develops ____44____ an exclusive passion. Time will do the rest if devotion helps it; and soon your every thought _____45_____(absorb) in that beloved occupation. 【答案】36. decision 37. what 38. wholly 39. and 40. who##that 41. to confirm 42. a 43. growing 44. into 45. will be absorbed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文围绕“是否应该成为一名艺术家” 展开论述。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：我所能做的就是让你注意到一些与那个决定相关的因素。“of”后接名词作宾语，“decide”的名词形式是“decision”。故填decision。 【37题详解】 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：了解自己喜欢什么是智慧的开端。分析句子结构，“____ you like” 是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，用what 引导。故填what。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：青春完全是在尝试。这里修饰形容词“experimental”，要用副词，“whole”的副词形式是“wholly”。故填wholly。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：年轻人反复将这两个未知因素结合在一起，时而轻轻触碰，时而紧紧相拥。“now with the gentlest touch”和“now with a bitter hug”并列关系，用and 连接。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：如果他是一个敏感且容易冲动的人，这些尝试带来的乐趣就不仅仅是愉悦了。此句为定语从句，先行词是“a sensitive person”，关系词在从句中作主语，可用 who 或 that 引导。故填who/that。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的回报是确认自己的存在并体验生活的多样性。这里用动词不定式作表语，说明主语“His reward” 的具体内容。故填to confirm。 【42题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：如果你感受到这样一种决定性的热情，不要犹豫。“passion”在这里是可数名词单数，表泛指，“decisive”发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：习惯会磨砺天赋；努力工作的必要性不再那么令人厌恶，多年之后甚至会变得受欢迎；一点点的兴趣会发展成一种专注的热情。这里用现在分词作伴随状语，“the necessity of hard work”与“grow”是主动关系。故填growing。 【44题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：一点点的兴趣会发展成一种专注的热情。“develop into...”是固定搭配，意为“发展成为……”。故填into。 【45题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：如果有专注助力，时间会完成剩下的事；很快你所有的思绪都会沉浸在那心爱的事业中。根据语境，这里表示将来的动作，且“your every thought”与“absorb” 是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态，即“will be + 过去分词”，absorb 的过去分词是 absorbed。故填will be absorbed。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) 46. 假定你是学校英语俱乐部的成员李明，为了引起同学们对文化遗产的关注与保护，你校英文俱乐部上周末组织大家去参观了市里的一处文化遗产，请你在校英文报上写一个活动总结，内容包括： （1）介绍此次活动； （2）保护文化遗址的建议。 注意：（1）写作词数应80个左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Last weekend, our English Club went to explore the city’s historical landmark, the Ancient City Wall. It was an eye-opening experience that brought us closer to our roots. We walked along the centuries-old structure, listening to stories of its past glory and the challenges it faces today. These challenges highlight the urgent need for us to take action. To ensure these treasures are preserved for future generations, here are some suggestions. First, we should advocate for stricter regulations against any destruction. Second, we can organize regular clean-up activities and educational tours to raise awareness in the community. Lastly, we should support local initiatives and campaigns that protect heritage sites. Let’s work together to keep these heritage sites alive 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学校英语俱乐部成员李明的身份，在校英文报上总结参观文化遗产的活动，并提出保护文化遗址的建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 面临：face→be faced with 建议：suggestion→advice 倡议：advocate for→call for 支持：support→back 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last weekend, our English Club went to explore the city’s historical landmark, the Ancient City Wall. 拓展句：Last weekend, our English Club paid a visit to the city’s historical landmark, which is the Ancient City Wall. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】We walked along the centuries-old structure, listening to stories of its past glory and the challenges it faces today.（运用了现在分词短语作状语以及省略关系代词的定语从句） 【高分句型 2】Lastly, we should support local initiatives and campaigns that protect heritage sites.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was shy when I was thirteen. I was also what most teachers would call a “good kid.” I followed the rules and rarely questioned authority. But then one day, one single ride on a school bus changed all that. The school bus that day was crowded, hot and smelly. The windows were all rolled up—the driver’s order—it was simply raining too hard to have them down. My classmates were engaged in heated conversations and games. The driver had shouted at several kids who had been standing up in their seats and yelling. I sat alone as usual, speaking to no one. Over and over, I carefully wiped a small circle through the cloud on my window so that I could look outside. People raced here and there, grasping umbrellas or covering their heads with jackets. The bus stopped, waiting for an accident to clear. As I sat quietly, waiting and watching, I saw a kitty across the street on the other side of the road. He was all wet and didn’t seem to know how to get out of the rain. I wanted to go get the kitty, but I knew the bus driver, Mrs. Foster, would never allow me off the bus. It was against the rules to even stand up. I also thought if I pointed out the pitiful cat, the other kids would probably think that I was weird (奇怪的) , even weirder than they already thought I was. I didn’t want things to get any worse than they were. My window was cloudy again and when I wiped it clear, I could see the kitty was struggling in what seemed to be a flooded river. He was now up to his neck in cold water, but his little front paws were holding on to the bars covering the storm drain (排水沟) . I saw absolute terror in his dark, round eyes. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Many thoughts raced through my mind. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Everyone stopped talking and looked at me, waiting. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Many thoughts raced through my mind. Should I break the rules and risk getting in trouble, or should I just sit here and watch the kitty drown? The terror in the cat’s eyes haunted me. I knew I couldn’t just sit by and do nothing. Summoning all my courage, I stood up and shouted, “Mrs. Foster, please stop the bus! There’s a cat drowning across the street!” My heart was pounding as all eyes turned to me, but I knew I had to speak up for that helpless creature. Everyone stopped talking and looked at me, waiting. Mrs. Foster stared at me through the rearview mirror, her eyes narrowing. The bus fell silent, and for a moment, it felt like the whole world was holding its breath. Then, surprisingly, she nodded and pulled over. “Go get your cat,” she said. I couldn’t believe my ears. Grabbing my umbrella, I leaped out of the bus and splashed through the rain to the drowning kitty. Its little paws were still clinging to the storm drain. Gently, I lifted it out of the water and wrapped it in my jacket. Back on the bus, I received a round of applause from my classmates. That day, I learned that sometimes, breaking the rules and standing up for what’s right can lead to unexpected rewards. And it was worth it. 【解析】 【导语】本文以主人公的经历为线索展开，讲述了作者原本害羞且守规矩，不质疑权威，但在一次乘坐校车时，作者注意到一只陷入危险的小猫。尽管想去救助，但面临校规的束缚和同伴可能的异样眼光，作者内心产生了挣扎。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我脑子里闪过许多念头。”可知，第一段可描写作者内心的挣扎以及最终决定打破规矩去拯救小猫。 ②由第二段首句内容“每个人都停止了谈话，看着我，等待着。”可知，第二段可描写Mrs. Foster同意了作者的请求和作者的感悟。 2. 续写线索：内心挣扎——鼓起勇气打破规矩——所有人看着作者——Mrs. Foster同意——救下小猫——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①大喊：shout/yell ②跳出：leap out/spring out ③举起：lift/raise 情绪类 ①恐惧：terror/horror ②惊讶地：surprisingly/amazingly 【点睛】[高分句型1]My heart was pounding as all eyes turned to me, but I knew I had to speak up for that helpless creature.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句以及省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2]That day, I learned that sometimes, breaking the rules and standing up for what’s right can lead to unexpected rewards.(运用了that引导的宾语从句，what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$