13.虚拟语气的作用及用法-2025年秋新九年级英语语法重难点释疑与巩固(通用版)

2025年秋新九年级英语语法重难点释疑与巩固 13.虚拟语气的作用及用法 虚拟条件句 时间 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反 动词过去式（be 动词一般用 were） would/could/might/should + 动词原形 If I were you, I would accept his invitation.（如果我是你，我会接受他的邀请。） If he had time, he could go with us.（如果他有时间，他能和我们一起去。） 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would/could/might/should + have + 过去分词 If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她学习更努力些，她就会通过考试了。） If they had left earlier, they might have caught the train.（如果他们早点出发，他们可能就赶上火车了。） 与将来事实相反 ① 动词过去式 ② should + 动词原形 ③ were to + 动词原形 would/could/might/should + 动词原形 If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就会待在家里。） If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.（如果他明天来，我会告诉他这个消息。） If it were to snow tomorrow, what would you do?（如果明天下雪，你会做什么？） wish 后的宾语从句 时间 从句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反 动词过去式（be 动词一般用 were） I wish I were as tall as Yao Ming.（我希望我能和姚明一样高。） 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 I wish I had seen the film last night.（我希望我昨晚看了那部电影。） 与将来事实相反 would/could/might + 动词原形 I wish it would stop raining tomorrow.（我希望明天雨能停。） 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实的情况。虽然虚拟语气不完全等同于情态动词，但常与情态动词（如 would/should/could/might）搭配使用。​ 一、条件句中的虚拟语气（非真实条件句）​ （一）与现在事实相反的假设​ “If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 动词用 were），主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形”，表示现在不可能发生或与现实相反的情况。​ If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。）​ If she had time, she could go to the party with us.（如果她有时间，她就能和我们一起去派对。）​ If there were no air, people would not live.（如果没有空气，人们就无法生存。）​ （二）与过去事实相反的假设​ “If + 主语 + had + 过去分词，主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词”，表示过去本可以发生但实际未发生的情况。​ If you had come earlier, you would have met my teacher.（如果你早点来，就会见到我的老师了。） If they had known the truth, they might not have made the mistake.（如果他们知道真相，可能就不会犯这个错误了。）​ If it had not rained yesterday, we could have played basketball.（如果昨天没下雨，我们本可以打篮球的。）​ （三）与将来事实相反或可能性极小的假设​ “If + 主语 + 动词过去式 /were to + 动词原形 /should + 动词原形，主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形”，表示对将来的假设（实现可能性低）。​ If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）​ If he were to come, what should we say?（如果他真的来了，我们该说什么呢？）​ If she should fail the exam, she would be sad.（万一她考试不及格，她会难过的。）​ 二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气​ （一）宾语从句中的虚拟语气​ 1. 表示 “建议、命令、要求” 的动词（如 suggest, advise, order, demand, require）​ 结构：主语 + 动词 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形（从句用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略）​ The teacher suggested that we (should) read English every day.（老师建议我们每天读英语。） The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a week.（医生命令她卧床一周。）​ They required that the work (should) be finished on time.（他们要求工作按时完成。）​ 2. wish 后的宾语从句（表示难以实现的愿望）​ 与现在事实相反：从句用过去式（be 动词用 were）​ I wish I were a bird. （我希望我是一只鸟。）​ She wishes she had a car. （她希望自己有一辆车。）​ They wish they lived in a big city. （他们希望住在大城市。）​ 与过去事实相反：从句用 had + 过去分词​ I wish I had taken your advice. （我真希望当初听了你的建议。）​ He wishes he had not missed the train. （他希望自己没错过火车。）​ We wish we had visited the museum earlier. （我们希望早点参观博物馆。）​ 与将来事实相反：从句用 would + 动词原形​ I wish you would come tomorrow. （我希望你明天能来。）​ She wishes her son would study abroad. （她希望儿子将来能出国学习。）​ They wish it would stop raining soon. （他们希望雨很快能停。）​ （二）主语从句中的虚拟语气​ “It is + 形容词 / 名词（necessary, important, strange, a pity） + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形”，表示建议、要求、必要等含义。​ It is necessary that we (should) learn a foreign language.（我们有必要学一门外语。）​ It is important that he (should) follow the rules.（他遵守规则很重要。）​ It is a pity that she (should) miss such a good chance.（很遗憾她错过了这么好的机会。）​ 三、其他结构中的虚拟语气​ （一）as if /as though 引导的从句（表示 “好像”，与事实相反）​ 与现在事实相反：从句用过去式（be 动词用 were）​ He talks as if he were the boss. （他说话好像他是老板似的。）​ She acts as though she knew everything. （她表现得好像什么都知道。）​ The boy runs as if he were a rabbit. （这个男孩跑起来像只兔子。）​ 与过去事实相反：从句用 had + 过去分词​ They talked as if they had been friends for years.（他们聊天的样子好像是多年的朋友。）​ The old man looked at me as though he had seen me before.（老人看着我，好像以前见过我。） She cried as if her heart had been broken.（她哭得好像心都碎了。）​ （二）would rather（宁愿）后的从句​ 与现在 / 将来相反：从句用过去式​ I would rather you stayed at home tonight.（我宁愿你今晚待在家里。）​ He would rather she didn’t come tomorrow.（他宁愿她明天不要来。）​ We would rather they left early.（我们宁愿他们早点离开。）​ 与过去相反：从句用 had + 过去分词​ I would rather you had told me the truth earlier.（我宁愿你早点告诉我真相。）​ She would rather he had not done that.（她宁愿他没做那件事。）​ They would rather we had not gone there.（他们宁愿我们没去过那里。）​ 四、虚拟语气的特殊用法 （一）“It’s time (that)...” 结构​ 结构：It’s time + 主语 + 过去式（表示 “该做某事了”，隐含建议）​ It’s time that we went to bed. （我们该睡觉了。）​ It’s time that she studied for the exam. （她该复习考试了。）​ It’s time that they left for the airport. （他们该出发去机场了。）​ （二）含蓄条件句（省略 if，用 with/without/but for 等表示假设）​ 结构：without/but for + 名词，主句用 would/could/might + 动词原形​ Without your help, I would not pass the exam.（没有你的帮助，我就不会通过考试。）​ But for the rain, we could have a picnic.（要不是下雨，我们本可以去野餐。）​ With more time, she might finish the work.（如果有更多时间，她或许能完成工作。）​ 一、单项选择 1．Our teacher recommends that we ________ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum. A．are B．shall be C．ought to be D．be 2．I suggested that my friend ________ his teacher about his plan. A．talked over B．should discuss C．talked to D．should tell 3．— Come and join us, Ben! — I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go. A．had B．will have C．have had D．have 4．---What should I do  If I had a million dollars? --- If I ______ you, I would  give it to medical research. A．am B．was C．were D．will be 5． If I went to the moon, I ______ bring something unusual back to the earth. A．could B．will C．would D．shall 6． If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie. A．am, would B．were, will C．were, would D．was, will 7．What ________ you do if you ______ me? A．would; were B．will; were C．would; are D．will; are 8． If I ______ you, I would represent the class in the school English speech contest. A．was B．were C．am D．are 9．If I _____ one million dollars, I________ travel around the world with my parents. A．have; will B．had; will C．had; will D．had; would 10．-What would you do if you _____ the traffic accident? -I would ______. A．see,do my housework first B．saw;buy some fruit right away C．see;call at 110 at once D．saw;call the police right away 11． Had he studied harder, he_______ the exams. A．must have got through B．could get through C．would get through D．would have got through 12．Jackson suggested we ______ our parents for help if we have trouble. A．ask B．asking C．asked D．to ask 13．It is natural to forget new words! I suggest you ________ four or five words a day on pieces of paper and ________ them in your room. A．write; make B．writing; place C．write; place D．writing; making 14．I _______ a big house for my family if I ________ a lot of money. A．would buy, have B．would buy, had C．will buy, had D．will buy, will have 15．If I you , I’d wear a shirt and tie. A．are B．was C．were D．is 16．I suggest you __________ four or five words a day on pieces of paper. A．write B．to write C．writing D．written 17．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go. A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread 18．Mike’s uncle insists ________ in the hotel. A．staying not B．not to stay C．that we would not stay D．that he not stay 19．—I blamed Mary yesterday. —I would rather you ________ . A．didn’t do that B．hadn’t done that C．wouldn’t do that D．shouldn’t have done that 20．The physicists propose that our attention ________the use of special methods of thinking and acting. A．would be directed towards B．be directed towards C．is directed towards D．direct towards 21．—If it hadn’t been raining so hard, I might have been home much earlier. —It’s too bad you ________ it. Nancy ________ here and she ________ to see you. A．didn’t make; is; wants B．won’t make; will be; wants C．didn’t make; was; wanted D．won’t make; would be; wanted 22．Look at the trouble I am in! If only I________your advice. A．followed B．would follow C．should follow D．had followed 23．—I should have been more careful in the exam. —It is a great pity that you __________. A．didn’t B．haven’t C．were not D．are not 24．You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident. A．must have driven; should have caused B．could have driven; might have caused C．couldn’t have driven; should have caused D．shouldn’t have driven; could have caused 25．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A．not have B．have not C．not D．not having 26．The workers insisted that they   a free lunch every noon and the boss had to do that. A．be given B．being given C．will be to give D．were given 27．Sir, you should__________ at the red light．But you didn’t． A．stop B．have stopped C．not have stopped D．stopped 28．I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around. A．have; would B．have; could C．had; would D．had; will 29． --What would you do if you won a million yuan?   -- __________. A．I shall give it to charities B．I will buy snacks C．I won’t put it in the bank D．I’d give it to medical research 30．What_____you do if you had a million dollars ? A．would B．will C．did D．do 31．— Should I buy two more bags of rice? — Too much, _________. A．if you insist B．if you ask me C．you can’t miss it D．don’t mention it 32．The teacher often says that we had better ________ late and we must have at least eight hours of sleep. A．not going to bed B．not to go to bed C．go not to bed   D．not go to bed 二、完成句子 33．上周日，我们班决定组织一次去敬老院的探访活动。 Last Sunday, our class decided a visit to the old people’s home. 34．我建议我们马上处理这个问题。 I suggest that we it immediately. 35．这个书包一定是 Jack的，因为他最喜欢的颜色是黑色。 This schoolbag Jack’s because his favorite color is black. 36．一定有东西在拜访我们附近的住户。 There things the homes in our neighborhood. 37．你应该警告他要注意危险。 You should have him the danger. 38．——来电话了。 ——嗯。我想知道会是谁。 —That’s the phone. —Hmm. I wonder who it . 39．——我能在这儿吸烟吗？ ——对不起，你不能。 — smoke here? — , you can’t. 40．你最好按时到达学校。 You’d to school on time. 41．我希望有一天我能进入太空。 I wish I some day. 42．我希望未来不再有战争。 I wish there would be wars in the future. 43．我强烈建议我们应该采取行动来关爱贫困儿童。 I strongly suggested that some action to care for poor children. 44．你应该劝你爸爸戒烟戒酒。 You should advise your father up smoking and drinking. 45．犯罪嫌疑人坚持说他和盗窃案无关。 The suspect insisted that the theft. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年秋新九年级英语语法重难点释疑与巩固 13.虚拟语气的作用及用法 虚拟条件句 时间 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反 动词过去式（be 动词一般用 were） would/could/might/should + 动词原形 If I were you, I would accept his invitation.（如果我是你，我会接受他的邀请。） If he had time, he could go with us.（如果他有时间，他能和我们一起去。） 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 would/could/might/should + have + 过去分词 If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她学习更努力些，她就会通过考试了。） If they had left earlier, they might have caught the train.（如果他们早点出发，他们可能就赶上火车了。） 与将来事实相反 ① 动词过去式 ② should + 动词原形 ③ were to + 动词原形 would/could/might/should + 动词原形 If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就会待在家里。） If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.（如果他明天来，我会告诉他这个消息。） If it were to snow tomorrow, what would you do?（如果明天下雪，你会做什么？） wish 后的宾语从句 时间 从句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反 动词过去式（be 动词一般用 were） I wish I were as tall as Yao Ming.（我希望我能和姚明一样高。） 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 I wish I had seen the film last night.（我希望我昨晚看了那部电影。） 与将来事实相反 would/could/might + 动词原形 I wish it would stop raining tomorrow.（我希望明天雨能停。） 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实的情况。虽然虚拟语气不完全等同于情态动词，但常与情态动词（如 would/should/could/might）搭配使用。​ 一、条件句中的虚拟语气（非真实条件句）​ （一）与现在事实相反的假设​ “If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 动词用 were），主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形”，表示现在不可能发生或与现实相反的情况。​ If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。）​ If she had time, she could go to the party with us.（如果她有时间，她就能和我们一起去派对。）​ If there were no air, people would not live.（如果没有空气，人们就无法生存。）​ （二）与过去事实相反的假设​ “If + 主语 + had + 过去分词，主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词”，表示过去本可以发生但实际未发生的情况。​ If you had come earlier, you would have met my teacher.（如果你早点来，就会见到我的老师了。） If they had known the truth, they might not have made the mistake.（如果他们知道真相，可能就不会犯这个错误了。）​ If it had not rained yesterday, we could have played basketball.（如果昨天没下雨，我们本可以打篮球的。）​ （三）与将来事实相反或可能性极小的假设​ “If + 主语 + 动词过去式 /were to + 动词原形 /should + 动词原形，主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形”，表示对将来的假设（实现可能性低）。​ If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）​ If he were to come, what should we say?（如果他真的来了，我们该说什么呢？）​ If she should fail the exam, she would be sad.（万一她考试不及格，她会难过的。）​ 二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气​ （一）宾语从句中的虚拟语气​ 1. 表示 “建议、命令、要求” 的动词（如 suggest, advise, order, demand, require）​ 结构：主语 + 动词 + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形（从句用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略）​ The teacher suggested that we (should) read English every day.（老师建议我们每天读英语。） The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a week.（医生命令她卧床一周。）​ They required that the work (should) be finished on time.（他们要求工作按时完成。）​ 2. wish 后的宾语从句（表示难以实现的愿望）​ 与现在事实相反：从句用过去式（be 动词用 were）​ I wish I were a bird. （我希望我是一只鸟。）​ She wishes she had a car. （她希望自己有一辆车。）​ They wish they lived in a big city. （他们希望住在大城市。）​ 与过去事实相反：从句用 had + 过去分词​ I wish I had taken your advice. （我真希望当初听了你的建议。）​ He wishes he had not missed the train. （他希望自己没错过火车。）​ We wish we had visited the museum earlier. （我们希望早点参观博物馆。）​ 与将来事实相反：从句用 would + 动词原形​ I wish you would come tomorrow. （我希望你明天能来。）​ She wishes her son would study abroad. （她希望儿子将来能出国学习。）​ They wish it would stop raining soon. （他们希望雨很快能停。）​ （二）主语从句中的虚拟语气​ “It is + 形容词 / 名词（necessary, important, strange, a pity） + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形”，表示建议、要求、必要等含义。​ It is necessary that we (should) learn a foreign language.（我们有必要学一门外语。）​ It is important that he (should) follow the rules.（他遵守规则很重要。）​ It is a pity that she (should) miss such a good chance.（很遗憾她错过了这么好的机会。）​ 三、其他结构中的虚拟语气​ （一）as if /as though 引导的从句（表示 “好像”，与事实相反）​ 与现在事实相反：从句用过去式（be 动词用 were）​ He talks as if he were the boss. （他说话好像他是老板似的。）​ She acts as though she knew everything. （她表现得好像什么都知道。）​ The boy runs as if he were a rabbit. （这个男孩跑起来像只兔子。）​ 与过去事实相反：从句用 had + 过去分词​ They talked as if they had been friends for years.（他们聊天的样子好像是多年的朋友。）​ The old man looked at me as though he had seen me before.（老人看着我，好像以前见过我。） She cried as if her heart had been broken.（她哭得好像心都碎了。）​ （二）would rather（宁愿）后的从句​ 与现在 / 将来相反：从句用过去式​ I would rather you stayed at home tonight.（我宁愿你今晚待在家里。）​ He would rather she didn’t come tomorrow.（他宁愿她明天不要来。）​ We would rather they left early.（我们宁愿他们早点离开。）​ 与过去相反：从句用 had + 过去分词​ I would rather you had told me the truth earlier.（我宁愿你早点告诉我真相。）​ She would rather he had not done that.（她宁愿他没做那件事。）​ They would rather we had not gone there.（他们宁愿我们没去过那里。）​ 四、虚拟语气的特殊用法 （一）“It’s time (that)...” 结构​ 结构：It’s time + 主语 + 过去式（表示 “该做某事了”，隐含建议）​ It’s time that we went to bed. （我们该睡觉了。）​ It’s time that she studied for the exam. （她该复习考试了。）​ It’s time that they left for the airport. （他们该出发去机场了。）​ （二）含蓄条件句（省略 if，用 with/without/but for 等表示假设）​ 结构：without/but for + 名词，主句用 would/could/might + 动词原形​ Without your help, I would not pass the exam.（没有你的帮助，我就不会通过考试。）​ But for the rain, we could have a picnic.（要不是下雨，我们本可以去野餐。）​ With more time, she might finish the work.（如果有更多时间，她或许能完成工作。）​ 一、单项选择 1．Our teacher recommends that we ________ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum. A．are B．shall be C．ought to be D．be 2．I suggested that my friend ________ his teacher about his plan. A．talked over B．should discuss C．talked to D．should tell 3．— Come and join us, Ben! — I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go. A．had B．will have C．have had D．have 4．---What should I do  If I had a million dollars? --- If I ______ you, I would  give it to medical research. A．am B．was C．were D．will be 5． If I went to the moon, I ______ bring something unusual back to the earth. A．could B．will C．would D．shall 6． If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie. A．am, would B．were, will C．were, would D．was, will 7．What ________ you do if you ______ me? A．would; were B．will; were C．would; are D．will; are 8． If I ______ you, I would represent the class in the school English speech contest. A．was B．were C．am D．are 9．If I _____ one million dollars, I________ travel around the world with my parents. A．have; will B．had; will C．had; will D．had; would 10．-What would you do if you _____ the traffic accident? -I would ______. A．see,do my housework first B．saw;buy some fruit right away C．see;call at 110 at once D．saw;call the police right away 11． Had he studied harder, he_______ the exams. A．must have got through B．could get through C．would get through D．would have got through 12．Jackson suggested we ______ our parents for help if we have trouble. A．ask B．asking C．asked D．to ask 13．It is natural to forget new words! I suggest you ________ four or five words a day on pieces of paper and ________ them in your room. A．write; make B．writing; place C．write; place D．writing; making 14．I _______ a big house for my family if I ________ a lot of money. A．would buy, have B．would buy, had C．will buy, had D．will buy, will have 15．If I you , I’d wear a shirt and tie. A．are B．was C．were D．is 16．I suggest you __________ four or five words a day on pieces of paper. A．write B．to write C．writing D．written 17．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go. A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread 18．Mike’s uncle insists ________ in the hotel. A．staying not B．not to stay C．that we would not stay D．that he not stay 19．—I blamed Mary yesterday. —I would rather you ________ . A．didn’t do that B．hadn’t done that C．wouldn’t do that D．shouldn’t have done that 20．The physicists propose that our attention ________the use of special methods of thinking and acting. A．would be directed towards B．be directed towards C．is directed towards D．direct towards 21．—If it hadn’t been raining so hard, I might have been home much earlier. —It’s too bad you ________ it. Nancy ________ here and she ________ to see you. A．didn’t make; is; wants B．won’t make; will be; wants C．didn’t make; was; wanted D．won’t make; would be; wanted 22．Look at the trouble I am in! If only I________your advice. A．followed B．would follow C．should follow D．had followed 23．—I should have been more careful in the exam. —It is a great pity that you __________. A．didn’t B．haven’t C．were not D．are not 24．You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident. A．must have driven; should have caused B．could have driven; might have caused C．couldn’t have driven; should have caused D．shouldn’t have driven; could have caused 25．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A．not have B．have not C．not D．not having 26．The workers insisted that they   a free lunch every noon and the boss had to do that. A．be given B．being given C．will be to give D．were given 27．Sir, you should__________ at the red light．But you didn’t． A．stop B．have stopped C．not have stopped D．stopped 28．I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around. A．have; would B．have; could C．had; would D．had; will 29． --What would you do if you won a million yuan?   -- __________. A．I shall give it to charities B．I will buy snacks C．I won’t put it in the bank D．I’d give it to medical research 30．What_____you do if you had a million dollars ? A．would B．will C．did D．do 31．— Should I buy two more bags of rice? — Too much, _________. A．if you insist B．if you ask me C．you can’t miss it D．don’t mention it 32．The teacher often says that we had better ________ late and we must have at least eight hours of sleep. A．not going to bed B．not to go to bed C．go not to bed   D．not go to bed 二、完成句子 33．上周日，我们班决定组织一次去敬老院的探访活动。 Last Sunday, our class decided a visit to the old people’s home. 34．我建议我们马上处理这个问题。 I suggest that we it immediately. 35．这个书包一定是 Jack的，因为他最喜欢的颜色是黑色。 This schoolbag Jack’s because his favorite color is black. 36．一定有东西在拜访我们附近的住户。 There things the homes in our neighborhood. 37．你应该警告他要注意危险。 You should have him the danger. 38．——来电话了。 ——嗯。我想知道会是谁。 —That’s the phone. —Hmm. I wonder who it . 39．——我能在这儿吸烟吗？ ——对不起，你不能。 — smoke here? — , you can’t. 40．你最好按时到达学校。 You’d to school on time. 41．我希望有一天我能进入太空。 I wish I some day. 42．我希望未来不再有战争。 I wish there would be wars in the future. 43．我强烈建议我们应该采取行动来关爱贫困儿童。 I strongly suggested that some action to care for poor children. 44．你应该劝你爸爸戒烟戒酒。 You should advise your father up smoking and drinking. 45．犯罪嫌疑人坚持说他和盗窃案无关。 The suspect insisted that the theft. 参考答案 一、 1．D 【解析】句意：我们的老师建议我们在参观博物馆时尽可能专心。 考查虚拟语气。分析句子可知，that引导宾语从句，recommend表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，谓语常用“should+动词原形”，should可省略，be为动词原形。故选D。 2．D 【解析】句意：我建议我的朋友把他的计划告诉他的老师。 考查虚拟语气和动词辨析。talk over商量，讨论；discuss讨论；talk to谈话；tell告诉。根据“his teacher about his plan”可知，应用动词tell，tell sb. about sth.意为“告诉某人关于某事”；I suggest后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”结构，故选D。 3．A 【解析】句意：——本，来加入我们吧！——恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间，我一定会去的。 考查虚拟语气。had有，动词过去式；will have用于一般将来时；have had用于现在完成时；have用于一般现在时。根据“ I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now.”可知，条件状语从句中描述的是与现在相反的事实，是虚拟语气，故从句用一般过去时态，动词用过去式，主句动词用would do。故选A。 4．C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我有一百万美元，我应该怎么做？——如果我是你，我会把它捐给医学研究。If条件句中表示与现状相反的事实，用过去时态。be通常用were，故选C。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”： 5．C 【解析】试题分析：此题考查if引导的条件状语从句的相关知识。根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我去月球，我会带回一些不同寻常的东西。这个假设成立的几率很小，故看为虚拟语气。根据语法知识可知从句要用一般过去时，主句要用过去将来时，过去将来时的基本构成would+动词原形，故选C。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：if既可以引导宾语从句又可以引导状语从句。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，遵循宾语从句的时态规则，可根据语境选择任何时态；充当从属连词，引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，若主句中的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来。 6．C 【解析】试题分析：句意：句意：如果我是你，我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影；invite sb to do邀请某人做某事；在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，Be用were,主句用would。所以选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 7．A 【解析】句意：如果你是我，你会做什么？ 考查虚拟语气。英语中条件句表示的假设或实际可能性不大的情况，要采用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反时，主句要用主语+should/would/could/might+do，从句要用If 主语+过去时(be动词用were)，故选A。 8．B 【解析】试题分析：根据题干，本句的意思是“如果我是你，我就代表全班参加全校的英语演讲比赛。”本句的一个虚拟语气，我是永远不会成为你的。在虚拟语气中be动词不论是第几人称，都用were。所以本题选B。 考点：本题考查be动词。 点评：本题实际上是考查虚拟语气，虚拟语气是一种假设的情况，并且这种假设的情况是不可能实现的。在做虚拟语气时，应注意主句一般用would do，从句用if+过去时，而be动词用were。 9．D 【解析】试题分析：如果我有一百万美元，我要和我的父母环游世界。结合语境可知主句描述的是将来动作，用将来时态。从句中是对将来的虚拟，故用过去时态。选D。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”： 10．D 【解析】考查虚拟语气和情境交际的用法。问句使用了虚拟语气，从句中应使用一般过去时；根据traffic accident，应及时报警。 11．D 【解析】试题分析：句意:如果他学习再努力一点，他就能通过考试了。must have got through 一定通过；could get through 可能通过；would get through 会通过；would have got through 会通过。这句话中Had he studied 是一种省略倒装的形式，相当于If he had studied harder，是虚拟语气的用法，从句中用的是过去完成时，这时主句用would +have +过去分词。故选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 12．A 【解析】句意：杰克逊建议我们在遇到困难时向父母寻求帮助。 考查虚拟语气。suggested后接的是省略that的宾语从句，此处用虚拟语气should +do格式，should可省略，故选A。 13．C 【解析】句意：忘记新单词是很自然的事！我建议你每天在纸上写四到五个单词，把它们放在你的房间里。 考查虚拟语气。write写；place放置。suggest建议，后面加从句时，要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词要用should do，should可以省略。第一个空后为four or five words，此处使用write，指写四到五个单词；第二个空后为them in your room，此处使用place，指把它们放在你的房间里。故选C。 14．B 【解析】句意：如果我有很多钱，我要给家人买个大大的房子。 考查虚拟语气。此处与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用should/would+动词原形，故选B。 15．C 【分析】 【解析】句意：如果我是你，我会穿衬衫系领带。 考查虚拟语气。据题意If I you ,要用虚拟语气，故选C。 16．A 【解析】句意：我建议你每天在纸上写四五个字。 考查宾语从句。A. write写，动词原形；B. to write动词不定式；C. writing动名词；D. written过去分词。suggest表示建议，动词，其后可跟名词、代词、动名词或者宾语从句，但无suggest（sb.）to do sth.该结构，所以可先排除B、D选项。根据题干可知我建议你每天在纸上写四五个字，当suggest表示建议时，后可跟that引导的宾语从句，且从句是虚拟语气，其结构是should+动词原形，should可省略，则此处应填写write，故答案为A。 17．A 【解析】句意：我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化， 考查动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形；spreading是动名词；to spread是动词不定式；will spread是一般将来时。动词在这里suggest表示建议，后面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。根据句意说明本句的suggest表示建议，故后面使用虚拟语气，省略了should，故选A。 【点睛】1. 动词suggest 后面可以跟名词作宾语，用于句型“suggest sth.”。如：I suggested a visit. 我提议参观。 2. suggest 后跟动名词作宾语，如：He suggested going home. 他提议回家。 3. suggest后面跟that引导 的宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，一般省略情态动词should，所以本题选项是A。 18．D 【解析】句意：迈克的叔叔坚持要求他自己不待在酒店里。 考查虚拟语气。当insist表示“坚决要求、主张”时，其后接宾语从句需用虚拟语气，结构为：insist that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形，其中should可省略。否定形式为“(should) not + 动词原形”。故选D。 19．B 【解析】句意：——我昨天责备了玛丽。——我宁愿你没那样做。 考查虚拟语气。根据“I blamed Mary yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去，根据“I would rather you...”可知，此处表达对过去行为的遗憾，希望昨天没有责备玛丽，这是对过去事实的虚拟，应用过去完成时。故选B。 20．B 【解析】句意：物理学家们建议，我们的注意力应转向使用特殊的思考和行动方法。 考查虚拟语气。根据“propose”一词可知，从句应该用虚拟语气“should do sth.”，而should可省略；再者根据“our attention”和“direct”的关系可知，两者是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，所以be directed towards符合句意。故选B。 21．C 【解析】句意：——如果不是雨下得那么大,我可能更早回家。——你没有及时回来真是太糟糕了。南希在这里,她想见到你。 考查一般过去时。If sb.+had done表示虚拟语气，对过去的假设，所以对话说的是过去发生的事，句子的谓语动词应用过去时。三处空格所对应的均是过去发生的动作，故都要用一般过去时。故选C。 22．D 【解析】句意：看我现在遇到的麻烦！我要听你的建议就好了。 考查虚拟语气。followed过去式；would follow过去将来时；should follow过去将来时；had followed过去完成时。if only后跟虚拟语气，意为“但愿、要是……就好了”，表示强烈的愿望。表示对现在情况的虚拟，动词用过去式；表示对过去情况的虚拟，用“had+过去分词”；表示对将来情况的虚拟，则用“would+动词原形”；结合句意“看我现在遇到的麻烦！我要听你的建议就好了。”可知表示对以前的遗憾，即与过去事实相反，所以本句是表示对过去情况的虚拟，故答案选D。 【点睛】虚拟语气是表示与事实相反的假设，构成方式有三种基本类型：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式，主句谓语用should（would、could、might）+动词原形。与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用should（would、could、might）+have+过去分词。与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语动词用should（would、could、might）+动词原形。学习时，要牢记构成方式。 23．C 【解析】句意：——我应该在考试中更加小心。——很遗憾，你没有。 考查对过去情况的推测。根据上句“should +现在完成时”是对过去情况的推测，I should have been more careful in the exam.的意思是你（过去）应该更细心些（实际不够细心），这说明我已经做了什么不恰当的事情，而这件事情现在产生了不良的影响，此空应填过去时态，故排除B和D；根据careful是形容词，表示状态，此空应填were not，故排除A，故选C。 24．D 【解析】句意：你不应该开车闯红灯，因为你会引起事故的。 考查情态动词。分析句子及选项“You ___ through that red light, for you ____ an accident.”，你 开车闯红灯，因为你 事故的，可知是对过去的虚拟，应用情态动词+have done。此处是不应该开车闯红灯，会引起事故，故选D。 25．A 【解析】句意“你本不应该看足球比赛，你有许多的工作要做”。本题考查虚拟语气，shouldn't have done本不该做……却做了。根据句意，故选A。 26．A 【解析】句意：工人们坚持要求他们每天中午都有免费的午餐，老板必须这样做。考查虚拟语气。insist坚持，要求，其后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，跟虚拟式动词原形  或者“should + 动词原形” 。结合句意和语境可知选A。 27．B 【解析】试题分析：句意：先生，你应该在红灯亮时停下来。但你没有。这里用虚拟语气，用情态动词should + have + 过去分词，这是对过去的一种虚拟。所以选B。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 28．C 【解析】试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。 句意：我是那么忙。如果我有时间我会周游世界。与现在事实相反故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 29．D 【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你有一百万，你会做什么？ 我会把它捐给医学研究。根据上文提到 What would you do if you won a million yuan 这是对现在的虚拟，所以回答时用would do ，故选D项。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 30．A 【解析】考查点：虚拟语气。解题思路：根据句意:如果你有一百万你将会干什么？“如果你有一百万”是对现在的一种假设，与现在的事实相反。表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的结构是：主句用should/would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时态。故选A。 31．B 【解析】句意：——我要不要再买两袋米？——太多了，如果你问我的话。 考查情景交际。if you insist如果你坚持；if you ask me如果你问我；you can’t miss it你不能错过它；don’t mention it不要提它。根据“Should I buy two more bags of rice?”可知，此处应是回答对方的问题，B选项符合语境，故选B。 32．D 【解析】句意：老师经常说你最好不要太晚睡觉，我们必须至少有八个小时的睡眠。 考查动词短语。go to bed“睡觉”，had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”，故选D。 二、 33． that we should organize 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，设空处少“组织”，英语中，动词“organize”意为“组织”，符合语境。表示“决定做某事”，通常可用“decide to do something”或“decide that ... should do something”表达，由于题干有四个独立的填空位置，因此，采用宾语从句“that we should organize”来完整表达“决定我们应当组织”的意思。故填that；we；should；organize。 34． deal with 【解析】动词“suggest”表示“建议”，后面是that引导的宾语从句，用虚拟语气。从句的动词用“sb. should do”，should可以省略。表示“处理问题”用动词短语deal with。故填deal with。 35． must be 【解析】must be意为“一定是，该是”，表示肯定推测，must是情态动词，其后跟动词原形。故填must；be。 36． must be visiting 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处是表示对正在发生事情的肯定推测，应用must be doing结构。visit“拜访”，动词。故填must；be；visiting。 37． warned of 【解析】warn“警告”，warn sb. of sth.“警告某人……”；根据第一空前的“should have”可知，should have done表示“过去本该做某事（而实际上未做）”，故第一空要用warn的过去分词warned。故填warned；of。 38． could be 【解析】对照中英文，设空处可用could be表示，在日常口语中，人们经常使用“could be”来表示对某事的不确定推测，故填could be。 39． Could I I’m sorry 【解析】根据语境可知，第一个空表示委婉征求对方的许可，通常用“Could I”来表示，意思是“我可以……”；对拒绝的回答常用“I’m sorry, you can’t”。故填Could；I；I’m；sorry。 40． better get 【解析】had better do sth.表示“最好做某事”，“到达”用“get to”表示。故填better；get。 41． could go into space 【解析】根据语境可知，空缺处为“进入太空”，英文表达为“go into space”；wish后引导宾语从句，表示一种虚拟语气，后加情态动词过去式，故填could；go；into；space。 42． no more 【解析】根据句意，空处表示“不再”，no more“不再”，修饰其后的名词wars。故填no；more。 43． should be taken 【解析】根据固定搭配take some action意为“采取行动”，当some action作主语时，和动词take是被动关系，所以用被动语态，should意为“应该”是情态动词，情态动词should的被动语态构成：should+be+动词过去分词，take的过去分词是taken，故填should；be；taken。 44． to give 【解析】根据中文提示及所给英文可知，此处考查动词短语give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，结合动词短语advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，to do不定式作宾语补足语，第一空用to，第二空用give。故填to；give。 45．he had nothing to do with 【解析】分析英文句子可知，insist后跟宾语从句，that作为引导词，主句是一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，空格处意为“他和……无关”，从句主语是he“他”，have nothing to do with意为“与……无关”，have应用过去式had。故填he had nothing to do with。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$