05.动词的类别、形态变化及常见动词短语用法-2025年秋新九年级英语语法重难点释疑与巩固(通用版)

2025年秋新九年级英语语法重难点释疑与巩固 05.动词的类别、形态变化及常见动词短语用法 类别 用法说明 示例 连系动词 连接主语和表语，表主语状态、特征，后接形容词、名词等 be（am/is/are/was/were）； look（看起来）：look happy； become（变得）：become a teacher； feel（感觉）：feel tired 实义动词 表示具体动作或状态，分及物动词（后接宾语）和不及物动词（需加介词再接宾语） 及物：buy（买）：buy a book； 不及物：listen（听）：listen to music； arrive（到达）：arrive at/in a place 助动词 协助实义动词构成时态、语态、疑问或否定句 be（进行时：be doing）； have（完成时：have done）； do（一般现在时 / 过去时疑问句和否定句：do/does/did + 动词原形） 情态动词 后接动词原形，表能力、请求、推测等 can（能）：can speak English； must（必须）：must finish homework； should（应该）：should help others 动词短语 动词 + 介词：固定搭配，介词后接宾语 动词 + 副词：代词放中间，名词可中可后 动词 + 副词 + 介词：整体使用 动词 + 介词：look for（寻找）；care about（关心） 动词 + 副词：put on（穿上）：put it on；put the coat on 动词 + 副词 + 介词：catch up with（赶上）；come up with（想出） 一、动词的类别​ （一）实义动词​ 表示具体动作或状态，可独立作谓语，分为及物动词（需接宾语）和不及物动词（不直接接宾语）。​ 1. 及物动词（vt.，后必须接宾语）​ 动作作用于对象，宾语可为名词、代词或从句。例如：​ She finished her homework before dinner.（她晚餐前完成了作业。） [解析]finished 为及物动词，homework 作宾语。​ I remember his name but forget his face.（我记得他的名字但忘了他的长相。） [解析]remember 后接名词短语 his name 作宾语。​ They decided that they would visit the museum.（他们决定去参观博物馆。） [解析]decided 后接宾语从句。​ 2. 不及物动词（vi.，不直接接宾语，需加介词接宾语）​ 动作独立发生，或通过介词引出对象。例如：​ The phone rang loudly, but no one answered.（电话大声响着，但没人接。） [解析]rang 为不及物动词，无需宾语。​ He arrived in Beijing yesterday and visited the Great Wall.（他昨天抵达北京并参观了长城。） [解析]arrived 后接介词 in，再接宾语 Beijing。​ The little girl laughed happily when she saw her mother.（小女孩看到妈妈时开心地笑了。） [解析]laughed 为不及物动词，happily 为副词修饰动作。​ （二）连系动词​ 连接主语和表语，说明主语性质 / 状态，不能独立作谓语。​ 1. 状态类（be, keep, stay, remain）​ The weather kept warm throughout the winter.（整个冬天天气都很暖和。）​ Please stay quiet while others are studying.（别人学习时请保持安静。）​ He remained silent when asked about the accident.（被问及事故时他保持沉默。）​ 2. 感官类（look, feel, sound, taste, smell）​ The song sounds familiar—did we hear it before?（这首歌听起来很熟悉 —— 我们以前听过吗？）​ The silk dress feels soft and comfortable.（这件丝绸连衣裙摸起来柔软舒适。）​ The cake smells delicious; can I have a piece?（蛋糕闻起来真香，我能吃一块吗？）​ 3. 变化类（become, get, turn, grow, go）​ She became a doctor after eight years of study.（经过八年学习，她成为了一名医生。）​ The leaves turn yellow when autumn comes.（秋天来临，树叶变黄。）​ He grew tired of the boring job and decided to quit.（他厌倦了这份枯燥的工作，决定辞职。） （三）助动词​ 辅助构成时态、语态、疑问句或否定句，本身无实义。（常见助动词：be, do, have, will） Does she often go to the library on weekends?（她周末常去图书馆吗？） [解析]does 为助动词，构成一般疑问句。​ They have been waiting for the bus for 30 minutes.（他们等公交车已经 30 分钟了。） [解析]have 为助动词，与 been waiting 构成现在完成进行时。​ The project will be completed by the end of this month.（项目将于本月底完成。） [解析]will 为助动词，构成一般将来时被动语态。​ （四）情态动词​ 表示能力、许可、推测等语气，后接动词原形，无人称变化。​ 1. 表能力（can, could）​ I can swim but my sister can't.（我会游泳，但我妹妹不会。）​ Could you help me carry these heavy books?（你能帮我搬这些重书吗？）​ 2. 表许可（may, might, can）​ May I use your dictionary during the exam?（考试时我可以用你的字典吗？）​ You can enter the room after the bell rings.（铃响后你可以进入房间。）​ 3. 表义务 / 建议（must, should）​ We must follow the traffic rules to stay safe.（我们必须遵守交通规则以确保安全。）​ You should apologize to her for your mistake.（你应该为你的错误向她道歉。）​ 二、动词的形态变化​ （一）时态变化​ 常见的时态变化如下： 1. 一般现在时（表习惯、真理）​ 构成：主语三单动词加 - s/-es，其他用原形​ He watches TV for an hour every night.（他每晚看一小时电视。）​ Light travels faster than sound.（光速比声速快。）​ They live in a small town near the sea.（他们住在海边的一个小镇。）​ 2. 现在进行时（表正在进行的动作）​ 构成：am/is/are + 动词 - ing​ The students are listening to the teacher carefully.（学生们正在认真听老师讲课。）​ Look! The birds are flying back to their nests.（看！鸟儿正飞回巢穴。）​ I am writing a letter to my pen pal.（我正在给笔友写信。）​ 3. 一般过去时（表过去发生的动作）​ 构成：规则动词加 - ed，不规则动词特殊记忆​ She brought a gift for me from Shanghai.（她从上海给我带了一份礼物。）​ We went to the park yesterday and had a picnic.（我们昨天去公园野餐了。）​ He forgot to turn off the light when he left the room.（他离开房间时忘记关灯了。）​ （二）被动语态（主语是动作承受者）​ 构成：be + 过去分词（时态通过 be 动词体现）​ 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + done English is spoken worldwide.（英语被全世界使用。） 一般过去时 was/were + done The house was built in 1990.（房子建于 1990 年。） 一般将来时 will be + done The work will be finished tomorrow.（工作明天将被完成。） 现在完成时 have/has been + done The book has been read by many students.（这本书被许多学生读过。） 含有情态动词 情态动词 + be + done The problem can be solved easily.（问题可以轻松解决。） 三、常见动词短语的构成​ （一）动词 + 介词（介词不可省略，宾语放其后）​ 例如： 1. look 系列​ look at（看）​ Please look at the blackboard and take notes.（请看黑板并做笔记。）​ look for（寻找）​ I'm looking for my keys—have you seen them?（我在找钥匙 —— 你看见了吗？）​ look after（照顾）​ She had to look after her sick mother at home.（她不得不在家照顾生病的母亲。）​ 2. listen & wait 系列​ listen to（听）​ We should listen to the teacher in class.（课堂上我们应听老师讲课。）​ wait for（等待）​ They are waiting for the rain to stop.（他们在等待雨停。）​ （二）动词 + 副词（宾语为名词可放中间 / 后面，代词必须放中间）​ 例如： 1. put 系列​ put on（穿上；上演）​ It's cold outside—put on your coat.（外面冷，穿上外套。）​ The school will put on a play next week.（学校下周将上演一出戏剧。）​ put off（推迟）​ They put off the meeting because of the heavy rain.（因大雨他们推迟了会议。）​ 2. take 系列​ take off（脱下；起飞）​ He took off his shoes and walked into the room.（他脱下鞋子走进房间。）​ The plane took off on time despite the bad weather.（尽管天气不好，飞机仍准时起飞。​ take up（开始从事；占据）​ She took up painting when she retired.（她退休后开始学画画。）​ （三）动词 + 名词 + 介词（名词固定，不可省略）​ 例如： 1. take care of（照顾）​ He has to take care of his younger brother after school.（他放学后得照顾弟弟。）​ The nurse takes good care of the patients in the hospital.（护士悉心照料医院里的病人。​ 2. pay attention to（注意）​ Please pay attention to the teacher's instructions.（请注意老师的指示。）​ We should pay more attention to environmental protection.（我们应多关注环境保护。）​ 3. make use of（利用）​ We should make good use of our free time.（我们应充分利用空闲时间。）​ （四）动词 + 副词 + 介词（固定搭配，后接宾语）​ 例如： 1. look forward to（期待，to 为介词，后接动名词）​ I am looking forward to seeing you again.（我期待再次见到你。）​ They look forward to the summer vacation every year.（他们每年都期待暑假。）​ 2. catch up with（赶上）​ He worked hard to catch up with his classmates.（他努力学习以赶上同学。）​ I need to catch up with the latest news in my field.（我需要了解行业最新动态。）​ 3. get along with（与…… 相处）​ She gets along well with all her colleagues.（她和所有同事相处融洽。）​ It's important to get along harmoniously with your roommates.（与室友和谐相处很重要。） （五）易混动词（短语）辨析​ 短语​ 含义及用法​ 例句对比​ rise vs. raise​ rise（vi.）自然上升；raise（vt.）人为举起、提高​ The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） He raised his hand to ask a question.（他举手提问。）​ lie vs. lay​ lie（vi.）躺；lay（vt.）放置、下蛋​ She lies on the bed reading.（她躺在床上看书。）The hen lays an egg every day.（母鸡每天下蛋。）​ look for vs. find​ look for（强调动作）；find（强调结果）​ I'm looking for my watch, but I can't find it.（我在找手表，但没找到。）​ ​ 四、动词过去时、过去分词与现在分词的变化规则 （一）过去式和过去分词的规则变化（均加 -ed） 情况 变化规则 例词（原形→过去式→过去分词） 一般情况 直接加 -ed work → worked → worked 以不发音 e 结尾 加 -d live → lived → lived 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾 变 y 为 i 加 -ed study → studied → studied 重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母加 -ed stop → stopped → stopped 以 “元音 + y” 结尾 直接加 -ed play → played → played 例句： She worked in a hospital last year.（她去年在医院工作。） They have cleaned the classroom.（他们已经打扫了教室。） He studied English hard and passed the exam.（他努力学英语并通过了考试。） The baby cried all night.（婴儿哭了一整夜。） We stopped to rest.（我们停下来休息。） The dog begged for food.（狗在乞讨食物。） （二）过去式和过去分词的不规则变化 1.AAA 型（原形、过去式、过去分词同形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 cut cut cut He cut his finger yesterday.（他昨天切到了手指。） put put put She put the book on the table.（她把书放在桌上。） let let let The teacher let us go home early.（老师让我们早回家。） set set set They set up a tent.（他们搭起了帐篷。） 2.ABB 型（过去式、过去分词相同） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 buy bought bought I bought a new dress.（我买了一条新裙子。） bring brought brought She brought some flowers.（她带来了一些花。） teach taught taught My father taught me to drive.（我父亲教我开车。） think thought thought I thought he was right.（我原以为他是对的。） 3.ABC 型（三者均不同） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 go went gone They went to Beijing last year.（他们去年去了北京。） do did done She did her homework.（她做了作业。） eat ate eaten I have eaten breakfast.（我已经吃了早餐。） see saw seen We saw a beautiful bird.（我们看到了一只美丽的鸟。） 4.ABA 型（原形与过去分词同形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 come came come He came to school late.（他上学迟到了。） become became become She became a doctor.（她成为了一名医生。） run ran run They ran very fast.（他们跑得很快。） （三）现在分词的变化规则（加-ing） 情况 变化规则 例词（原形→现在分词） 一般情况 直接加 -ing work → working 以不发音 e 结尾 去 e 加 -ing write → writing 以 ie 结尾 变 ie 为 y 加 -ing lie → lying 重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母加 -ing run → running 以 “元音 + e” 结尾 直接加 -ing see → seeing 例句： They are playing football now.（他们正在踢足球。） She is reading a book.（她正在看书。） He is making a cake.（他正在做蛋糕。） The bird is flying in the sky.（鸟在天空中飞。） I enjoy swimming in summer.（我喜欢夏天游泳。） The cat is running after the mouse.（猫在追老鼠。） 一、单项选择 1．Eating too much junk food without exercise may ________ weight, leading to health problems like tiredness and stress. A．set off B．take down C．put on D．give away 2．The China-Central Asia Summit (中亚峰会) will serve to ________ markets for China and other Asian countries. A．open up B．put up C．make up D．look up 3．—The energy from the sun and the wind costs little and will never ________. —That’s why we have a lot of wind power generation system. A．turn down B．put away C．run out D．take off 4．In order to improve health services, we’ll ________ more hospitals in the countryside. A．tidy up B．take up C．set up D．give up 5．I’m afraid Li Lei cannot spare a whole day for outing. His time is fully ________ with games. A．made up B．taken up C．set up D．looked up 6．Nothing is easy in the world and only hard work can ______ success. A．depend on B．keep on C．lead to D．belong to 7．—I’m really interested in the coming talk show. What do you think? —It’s a great chance to show your works. You should fight ________ it. A．against B．off C．for D．with 8．Bob ________ watching short videos every night, so he often feels sleepy in class. A．puts up B．takes up C．gives up D．stays up 9．Emma is such a good girl that she never ________ her parents. A．takes care of B．talks back to C．worries about D．looks up to 10．To make full use of my free time, I am planning to ________ a new hobby. A．take up B．give up C．turn up D．look up 11．All the students are required _________ school uniforms on campus. A．to wear B．to put on C．putting on D．wearing 12．He has trouble _________ the difficult math problem. A．to solve B．solving C．solved D．with solving 13．Life is a journey with difficulties, but with care and wisdom you can ________ any problem you face. A．put out B．hand out C．work out D．break out 14．—Sending E-mails is a very popular way to ________ friends. —Quite right. I often use it. A．take pride in B．keep clear of C．get into the habit of D．stay in touch with 15．He has to his excitement when he saw his favorite star on stage. A．pull down B．turn down C．put down D．keep down 16．When meeting a problem, you’d better try to ________. A．turn it out B．take it out C．work it out D．put it out 17．I plan to ________ a new hobby this summer holiday, like playing badminton. A．come out B．take up C．think about D．turn off 18．—Lisa, if you are _________, please feel free to call me.      —It’s very kind of you. A．in cold blood B．turning a blind eye C．having a ball D．in hot water 19．Pick up your pen and draw your own invention. Maybe it will be _________ a real product one day! A．turned out B．turned down C．turned into D．turned off 20．—Jimmy, can you ________ the table before dinner is ready? —No problem. I’m coming soon. A．put out B．give out C．take out D．lay out 21．The new library in our school is _________ with thousands of books. Students like reading there. A．filled B．covered C．compared D．connected 22．Learning a new language may be difficult at first, but it will _________ to be useful in the future. A．turn on B．turn out C．turn up D．turn down 23．Do you want to know what kind of butterfly it is? ________ the book and you’ll find the answer in it. A．Put off B．Care for C．Check out D．Part with 24．It’s a pity that many wild animals are now in danger. Please have ________ pity on them since they are part of our big family. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 25．Close your eyes and try to imagine a beautiful beach with golden sand. A．listen carefully B．draw on paper C．visit by yourself D．see in your mind 26．Li Hua always ______ her mother in kindness. They often volunteer at the elderly care center at weekends. A．takes after B．gives off C．breaks up D．turns down 27．After the trip, we will return to school by bus. A．leave a place B．go back to a place C．visit a new place D．stay in the same place 28．We sincerely hope that no war will ________ and that peace will be long-lasting. A．break out B．stay out C．work out D．put out 29．—Last night I called you twice but couldn’t ________. —I was taking a walk with my parents in the park. A．call up B．come over C．get through D．call back 30．—The new energy cars are becoming popular, but some people are caring about their safety. —We ________ worry about it with the development of modern technology. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 31．Bob promised to come to my home for lunch, but he didn’t until 2:00 pm. A．put away B．show up C．take off D．hand out 32．—Sarah, ________ from five to one and I’ll hide. —OK. Here we go! Five, four, three, two, one ... ready or not, here I come! A．write down B．count down C．warm up D．heat up 33．—I hope to be a volunteer on weekends. —You could help to ________ the city parks. A．cheer up B．make up C．take up D．clean up 34．—Don’t ________ the new word in the dictionary if we meet it in a text. We can guess it. —Sure. It’s a good way to improve our reading skills. A．look up B．turn off C．give away D．cut into 35．Life always ________ to be different from our expectations. Staying calm and giving your best effort is the key. A．works on B．carry on C．turns out D．runs out 36．— Our school will have a sports meeting next month. — That sounds fun! I’d like to ________ the running race. A．put on B．run after C．take part in D．take care of 37．—Mrs. White, can I leave my homework until tomorrow? —I’m afraid not. Don’t ________ what you can do today till tomorrow. A．put off B．get off C．turn off D．take off 38．—Wow! You have so many old story books. How will you ________ them? —I plan to give them to the children in a village school. A．deal with B．look for C．care about D．care for 39．The furniture in this room is made ________ a special kind of wood from Guangdong. A．of B．from C．by D．in 40．I like these photos and they can ________ me ________ the life living in the countryside. A．think; of B．let; down C．remind; of D．wake; up 41．The old man likes walking in the park, ________ the fresh air every morning. A．giving away B．taking in C．cutting out D．dying down 42．I want to ________ reading as a hobby. It’s a good way to see the world. A．take up B．put up C．make up D．turn up 43．Since my teammates all fell ill, I had no choice but ______ the report alone. A．finish B．to finish C．finishing D．finished 44．—Your article ________ good memories for me. —I’m happy to hear that. A．brings back B．puts on C．takes up D．turns down 45．—Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now, Jack. What should we do? —No hurry, Jane. We should ________ a plan first, then follow it. A．come up with B．get away from C．run out of D．take care of 46．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work. A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for 47．—I make a mess again! Something will get _________ when I join in. —Cheer up! Just appreciate yourself from the bottom of yourself. A．broken B．closed C．noticed D．included 48．—Why didn’t you buy anything yesterday? —Because all my money had ________. A．found out B．run out C．looked out D．rushed out 49．The house ________ for the homeless people ________. A．was built; to live in B．was built; to live C．built; to live D．built, to live in 50．That newly bought sofa is too small for four people to________ and it is also too heavy for them to________. A．sit; lift B．sit on; lift it C．sit; lift it D．sit on; lift 51．— When did she ________ the young cool man? — In 2019. A．get married with B．marry C．marry with D．marry to 52．We plan to ________ the island during our summer vacation. A．explore B．explore in C．explore at D．explore for 53．—Would you like to live in a house ________ two floors? —Of course. I only ________ a flat. A．has; have B．with; with C．with; have D．has; with 54．The population of China ________ large. More than half of the population ________ farmers. A．are; are B．are; is C．is; are D．is; be 55．The cake __________ so nice. I want to have another one. A．smells B．sounds C．tastes D．looks 56．The music in the hall ________ beautiful. It makes me feel relaxed. A．sounds B．tastes C．smells D．feels 57．The dish ________ delicious. I can’t wait to taste it. A．looks B．smells C．tastes D．sounds 58．My parents and I ________ going to visit the Shanghai Disneyland this summer holiday. A．is B．am C．are D．be 59．The strawberry cake in this shop looks nice and __________ better. A．sounds B．looks C．tastes D．feels 60．The singer’s voice ________ beautiful. A．sounds B．hears C．listens D．is sounded 61．—What are you cooking, honey? It ________ so good! —Just some chicken wings. Do you want to try one? A．tastes B．smells C．looks D．sounds 62．The chairperson warned that we ________ achieve our dreams if we didn’t work hard. A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 63．If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have a picnic in the park. A．isn’t rain B．doesn’t rain C．won’t rain D．isn’t raining 64．We ________ any drink. You’d better buy some fruit and vegetables at the supermarket. A．needn’t B．don’t need to C．don’t need D．not need 65．Not only his parents but also he ________ been to the Tibet. A．is B．are C．has D．have 66．Why don’t you ________ to your parents? A．talk B．talking C．talks D．talked 67．—I tried to make Alice ______ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you ______ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．to change; to do D．change; doing 68．My mother made me ________ a lot of cakes last night. A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．ate 69．At last, my mother made me ________ and I began to laugh. A．stop crying B．stopped crying C．stop to cry D．stopped to cry 70．The old lady________ the fisherman ask the goldfish for a new house. A．wanted B．said C．made D．ordered 二、完成句子 71．现在我们都离不开这个智能的AI助手了！ Now we this smart AI helper! 72．尽管天气有点热，大家仍然玩得很开心。 the weather was a little hot, all of them still . 73．很多学生和家长来参加这次活动。 Lots of students and their parents this activity. 74．托尼正在考虑加入学校篮球队的事儿。 Tony is joining the basketball team. 75．直到晚上11点，汤姆才完成这张卡片。 Tom making the card 11 p.m. 76．2025年4月24日，中国成功发射了神州二十号载人飞船。 On April 24th, 2025, China launching Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship. 77．今日事，今日毕。 Never what you can do today till tomorrow. 78．作为中学生，我们应该花更多时间帮助他人。 As middle school students, we more time helping others. 79．上周我跟同学们参加了在操场举行的运动会，我们的对手是1班。 Last week my classmates and I a basketball match held in the playground. We played against Class 1. 80．我女儿在很多方面都像我。她和我一样喜欢读书。 My daughter me in many ways. She loves reading just like I do. 81．如果我们齐心协力，我们的中国梦一定可以实现。 If we , our Chinese Dream is sure to come true. 82．我期待能在人工智能Deepseek的帮助下，我的数学考试能取得进步。 I look forward to in my math exam with the help of AI Deepseek. 83．外面一个人都没有，这座城市当时感觉像一座孤城。（完成译句） With nobody outside, it a lonely city at that time. 84．艾丽丝，请将你的书收起来放在书架上。 Alice, please your books on the shelf. 85．相传宋徽宗因为食冰过度而遭受胃痛之苦。 Folk tales have it that Emperor Huizong stomach pains after eating too much ice. 86．气候变化影响我们的星球，所以我们应该现在采取行动。 affects our planet, so we should now. 87．他看起来像一只猴子。他好滑稽！   He a monkey. he is! 88．上周他们成功地通过了考试。 They the exam last week. 89．每一天都很重要，所以不要把你能做的事情拖到明天。 Every day matters, so never what you can do till tomorrow. 90．此次活动的目的是为了警告我们独自游泳的危险性。 The of the activity is of the danger of swimming alone. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年秋新九年级英语语法重难点释疑与巩固 05.动词的类别、形态变化及常见动词短语用法 类别 用法说明 示例 连系动词 连接主语和表语，表主语状态、特征，后接形容词、名词等 be（am/is/are/was/were）； look（看起来）：look happy； become（变得）：become a teacher； feel（感觉）：feel tired 实义动词 表示具体动作或状态，分及物动词（后接宾语）和不及物动词（需加介词再接宾语） 及物：buy（买）：buy a book； 不及物：listen（听）：listen to music； arrive（到达）：arrive at/in a place 助动词 协助实义动词构成时态、语态、疑问或否定句 be（进行时：be doing）； have（完成时：have done）； do（一般现在时 / 过去时疑问句和否定句：do/does/did + 动词原形） 情态动词 后接动词原形，表能力、请求、推测等 can（能）：can speak English； must（必须）：must finish homework； should（应该）：should help others 动词短语 动词 + 介词：固定搭配，介词后接宾语 动词 + 副词：代词放中间，名词可中可后 动词 + 副词 + 介词：整体使用 动词 + 介词：look for（寻找）；care about（关心） 动词 + 副词：put on（穿上）：put it on；put the coat on 动词 + 副词 + 介词：catch up with（赶上）；come up with（想出） 一、动词的类别​ （一）实义动词​ 表示具体动作或状态，可独立作谓语，分为及物动词（需接宾语）和不及物动词（不直接接宾语）。​ 1. 及物动词（vt.，后必须接宾语）​ 动作作用于对象，宾语可为名词、代词或从句。例如：​ She finished her homework before dinner.（她晚餐前完成了作业。） [解析]finished 为及物动词，homework 作宾语。​ I remember his name but forget his face.（我记得他的名字但忘了他的长相。） [解析]remember 后接名词短语 his name 作宾语。​ They decided that they would visit the museum.（他们决定去参观博物馆。） [解析]decided 后接宾语从句。​ 2. 不及物动词（vi.，不直接接宾语，需加介词接宾语）​ 动作独立发生，或通过介词引出对象。例如：​ The phone rang loudly, but no one answered.（电话大声响着，但没人接。） [解析]rang 为不及物动词，无需宾语。​ He arrived in Beijing yesterday and visited the Great Wall.（他昨天抵达北京并参观了长城。） [解析]arrived 后接介词 in，再接宾语 Beijing。​ The little girl laughed happily when she saw her mother.（小女孩看到妈妈时开心地笑了。） [解析]laughed 为不及物动词，happily 为副词修饰动作。​ （二）连系动词​ 连接主语和表语，说明主语性质 / 状态，不能独立作谓语。​ 1. 状态类（be, keep, stay, remain）​ The weather kept warm throughout the winter.（整个冬天天气都很暖和。）​ Please stay quiet while others are studying.（别人学习时请保持安静。）​ He remained silent when asked about the accident.（被问及事故时他保持沉默。）​ 2. 感官类（look, feel, sound, taste, smell）​ The song sounds familiar—did we hear it before?（这首歌听起来很熟悉 —— 我们以前听过吗？）​ The silk dress feels soft and comfortable.（这件丝绸连衣裙摸起来柔软舒适。）​ The cake smells delicious; can I have a piece?（蛋糕闻起来真香，我能吃一块吗？）​ 3. 变化类（become, get, turn, grow, go）​ She became a doctor after eight years of study.（经过八年学习，她成为了一名医生。）​ The leaves turn yellow when autumn comes.（秋天来临，树叶变黄。）​ He grew tired of the boring job and decided to quit.（他厌倦了这份枯燥的工作，决定辞职。） （三）助动词​ 辅助构成时态、语态、疑问句或否定句，本身无实义。（常见助动词：be, do, have, will） Does she often go to the library on weekends?（她周末常去图书馆吗？） [解析]does 为助动词，构成一般疑问句。​ They have been waiting for the bus for 30 minutes.（他们等公交车已经 30 分钟了。） [解析]have 为助动词，与 been waiting 构成现在完成进行时。​ The project will be completed by the end of this month.（项目将于本月底完成。） [解析]will 为助动词，构成一般将来时被动语态。​ （四）情态动词​ 表示能力、许可、推测等语气，后接动词原形，无人称变化。​ 1. 表能力（can, could）​ I can swim but my sister can't.（我会游泳，但我妹妹不会。）​ Could you help me carry these heavy books?（你能帮我搬这些重书吗？）​ 2. 表许可（may, might, can）​ May I use your dictionary during the exam?（考试时我可以用你的字典吗？）​ You can enter the room after the bell rings.（铃响后你可以进入房间。）​ 3. 表义务 / 建议（must, should）​ We must follow the traffic rules to stay safe.（我们必须遵守交通规则以确保安全。）​ You should apologize to her for your mistake.（你应该为你的错误向她道歉。）​ 二、动词的形态变化​ （一）时态变化​ 常见的时态变化如下： 1. 一般现在时（表习惯、真理）​ 构成：主语三单动词加 - s/-es，其他用原形​ He watches TV for an hour every night.（他每晚看一小时电视。）​ Light travels faster than sound.（光速比声速快。）​ They live in a small town near the sea.（他们住在海边的一个小镇。）​ 2. 现在进行时（表正在进行的动作）​ 构成：am/is/are + 动词 - ing​ The students are listening to the teacher carefully.（学生们正在认真听老师讲课。）​ Look! The birds are flying back to their nests.（看！鸟儿正飞回巢穴。）​ I am writing a letter to my pen pal.（我正在给笔友写信。）​ 3. 一般过去时（表过去发生的动作）​ 构成：规则动词加 - ed，不规则动词特殊记忆​ She brought a gift for me from Shanghai.（她从上海给我带了一份礼物。）​ We went to the park yesterday and had a picnic.（我们昨天去公园野餐了。）​ He forgot to turn off the light when he left the room.（他离开房间时忘记关灯了。）​ （二）被动语态（主语是动作承受者）​ 构成：be + 过去分词（时态通过 be 动词体现）​ 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + done English is spoken worldwide.（英语被全世界使用。） 一般过去时 was/were + done The house was built in 1990.（房子建于 1990 年。） 一般将来时 will be + done The work will be finished tomorrow.（工作明天将被完成。） 现在完成时 have/has been + done The book has been read by many students.（这本书被许多学生读过。） 含有情态动词 情态动词 + be + done The problem can be solved easily.（问题可以轻松解决。） 三、常见动词短语的构成​ （一）动词 + 介词（介词不可省略，宾语放其后）​ 例如： 1. look 系列​ look at（看）​ Please look at the blackboard and take notes.（请看黑板并做笔记。）​ look for（寻找）​ I'm looking for my keys—have you seen them?（我在找钥匙 —— 你看见了吗？）​ look after（照顾）​ She had to look after her sick mother at home.（她不得不在家照顾生病的母亲。）​ 2. listen & wait 系列​ listen to（听）​ We should listen to the teacher in class.（课堂上我们应听老师讲课。）​ wait for（等待）​ They are waiting for the rain to stop.（他们在等待雨停。）​ （二）动词 + 副词（宾语为名词可放中间 / 后面，代词必须放中间）​ 例如： 1. put 系列​ put on（穿上；上演）​ It's cold outside—put on your coat.（外面冷，穿上外套。）​ The school will put on a play next week.（学校下周将上演一出戏剧。）​ put off（推迟）​ They put off the meeting because of the heavy rain.（因大雨他们推迟了会议。）​ 2. take 系列​ take off（脱下；起飞）​ He took off his shoes and walked into the room.（他脱下鞋子走进房间。）​ The plane took off on time despite the bad weather.（尽管天气不好，飞机仍准时起飞。​ take up（开始从事；占据）​ She took up painting when she retired.（她退休后开始学画画。）​ （三）动词 + 名词 + 介词（名词固定，不可省略）​ 例如： 1. take care of（照顾）​ He has to take care of his younger brother after school.（他放学后得照顾弟弟。）​ The nurse takes good care of the patients in the hospital.（护士悉心照料医院里的病人。​ 2. pay attention to（注意）​ Please pay attention to the teacher's instructions.（请注意老师的指示。）​ We should pay more attention to environmental protection.（我们应多关注环境保护。）​ 3. make use of（利用）​ We should make good use of our free time.（我们应充分利用空闲时间。）​ （四）动词 + 副词 + 介词（固定搭配，后接宾语）​ 例如： 1. look forward to（期待，to 为介词，后接动名词）​ I am looking forward to seeing you again.（我期待再次见到你。）​ They look forward to the summer vacation every year.（他们每年都期待暑假。）​ 2. catch up with（赶上）​ He worked hard to catch up with his classmates.（他努力学习以赶上同学。）​ I need to catch up with the latest news in my field.（我需要了解行业最新动态。）​ 3. get along with（与…… 相处）​ She gets along well with all her colleagues.（她和所有同事相处融洽。）​ It's important to get along harmoniously with your roommates.（与室友和谐相处很重要。） （五）易混动词（短语）辨析​ 短语​ 含义及用法​ 例句对比​ rise vs. raise​ rise（vi.）自然上升；raise（vt.）人为举起、提高​ The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） He raised his hand to ask a question.（他举手提问。）​ lie vs. lay​ lie（vi.）躺；lay（vt.）放置、下蛋​ She lies on the bed reading.（她躺在床上看书。）The hen lays an egg every day.（母鸡每天下蛋。）​ look for vs. find​ look for（强调动作）；find（强调结果）​ I'm looking for my watch, but I can't find it.（我在找手表，但没找到。）​ ​ 四、动词过去时、过去分词与现在分词的变化规则 （一）过去式和过去分词的规则变化（均加 -ed） 情况 变化规则 例词（原形→过去式→过去分词） 一般情况 直接加 -ed work → worked → worked 以不发音 e 结尾 加 -d live → lived → lived 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾 变 y 为 i 加 -ed study → studied → studied 重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母加 -ed stop → stopped → stopped 以 “元音 + y” 结尾 直接加 -ed play → played → played 例句： She worked in a hospital last year.（她去年在医院工作。） They have cleaned the classroom.（他们已经打扫了教室。） He studied English hard and passed the exam.（他努力学英语并通过了考试。） The baby cried all night.（婴儿哭了一整夜。） We stopped to rest.（我们停下来休息。） The dog begged for food.（狗在乞讨食物。） （二）过去式和过去分词的不规则变化 1.AAA 型（原形、过去式、过去分词同形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 cut cut cut He cut his finger yesterday.（他昨天切到了手指。） put put put She put the book on the table.（她把书放在桌上。） let let let The teacher let us go home early.（老师让我们早回家。） set set set They set up a tent.（他们搭起了帐篷。） 2.ABB 型（过去式、过去分词相同） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 buy bought bought I bought a new dress.（我买了一条新裙子。） bring brought brought She brought some flowers.（她带来了一些花。） teach taught taught My father taught me to drive.（我父亲教我开车。） think thought thought I thought he was right.（我原以为他是对的。） 3.ABC 型（三者均不同） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 go went gone They went to Beijing last year.（他们去年去了北京。） do did done She did her homework.（她做了作业。） eat ate eaten I have eaten breakfast.（我已经吃了早餐。） see saw seen We saw a beautiful bird.（我们看到了一只美丽的鸟。） 4.ABA 型（原形与过去分词同形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 例句 come came come He came to school late.（他上学迟到了。） become became become She became a doctor.（她成为了一名医生。） run ran run They ran very fast.（他们跑得很快。） （三）现在分词的变化规则（加-ing） 情况 变化规则 例词（原形→现在分词） 一般情况 直接加 -ing work → working 以不发音 e 结尾 去 e 加 -ing write → writing 以 ie 结尾 变 ie 为 y 加 -ing lie → lying 重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母加 -ing run → running 以 “元音 + e” 结尾 直接加 -ing see → seeing 例句： They are playing football now.（他们正在踢足球。） She is reading a book.（她正在看书。） He is making a cake.（他正在做蛋糕。） The bird is flying in the sky.（鸟在天空中飞。） I enjoy swimming in summer.（我喜欢夏天游泳。） The cat is running after the mouse.（猫在追老鼠。） 一、单项选择 1．Eating too much junk food without exercise may ________ weight, leading to health problems like tiredness and stress. A．set off B．take down C．put on D．give away 2．The China-Central Asia Summit (中亚峰会) will serve to ________ markets for China and other Asian countries. A．open up B．put up C．make up D．look up 3．—The energy from the sun and the wind costs little and will never ________. —That’s why we have a lot of wind power generation system. A．turn down B．put away C．run out D．take off 4．In order to improve health services, we’ll ________ more hospitals in the countryside. A．tidy up B．take up C．set up D．give up 5．I’m afraid Li Lei cannot spare a whole day for outing. His time is fully ________ with games. A．made up B．taken up C．set up D．looked up 6．Nothing is easy in the world and only hard work can ______ success. A．depend on B．keep on C．lead to D．belong to 7．—I’m really interested in the coming talk show. What do you think? —It’s a great chance to show your works. You should fight ________ it. A．against B．off C．for D．with 8．Bob ________ watching short videos every night, so he often feels sleepy in class. A．puts up B．takes up C．gives up D．stays up 9．Emma is such a good girl that she never ________ her parents. A．takes care of B．talks back to C．worries about D．looks up to 10．To make full use of my free time, I am planning to ________ a new hobby. A．take up B．give up C．turn up D．look up 11．All the students are required _________ school uniforms on campus. A．to wear B．to put on C．putting on D．wearing 12．He has trouble _________ the difficult math problem. A．to solve B．solving C．solved D．with solving 13．Life is a journey with difficulties, but with care and wisdom you can ________ any problem you face. A．put out B．hand out C．work out D．break out 14．—Sending E-mails is a very popular way to ________ friends. —Quite right. I often use it. A．take pride in B．keep clear of C．get into the habit of D．stay in touch with 15．He has to his excitement when he saw his favorite star on stage. A．pull down B．turn down C．put down D．keep down 16．When meeting a problem, you’d better try to ________. A．turn it out B．take it out C．work it out D．put it out 17．I plan to ________ a new hobby this summer holiday, like playing badminton. A．come out B．take up C．think about D．turn off 18．—Lisa, if you are _________, please feel free to call me.      —It’s very kind of you. A．in cold blood B．turning a blind eye C．having a ball D．in hot water 19．Pick up your pen and draw your own invention. Maybe it will be _________ a real product one day! A．turned out B．turned down C．turned into D．turned off 20．—Jimmy, can you ________ the table before dinner is ready? —No problem. I’m coming soon. A．put out B．give out C．take out D．lay out 21．The new library in our school is _________ with thousands of books. Students like reading there. A．filled B．covered C．compared D．connected 22．Learning a new language may be difficult at first, but it will _________ to be useful in the future. A．turn on B．turn out C．turn up D．turn down 23．Do you want to know what kind of butterfly it is? ________ the book and you’ll find the answer in it. A．Put off B．Care for C．Check out D．Part with 24．It’s a pity that many wild animals are now in danger. Please have ________ pity on them since they are part of our big family. A．/ B．a C．an D．the 25．Close your eyes and try to imagine a beautiful beach with golden sand. A．listen carefully B．draw on paper C．visit by yourself D．see in your mind 26．Li Hua always ______ her mother in kindness. They often volunteer at the elderly care center at weekends. A．takes after B．gives off C．breaks up D．turns down 27．After the trip, we will return to school by bus. A．leave a place B．go back to a place C．visit a new place D．stay in the same place 28．We sincerely hope that no war will ________ and that peace will be long-lasting. A．break out B．stay out C．work out D．put out 29．—Last night I called you twice but couldn’t ________. —I was taking a walk with my parents in the park. A．call up B．come over C．get through D．call back 30．—The new energy cars are becoming popular, but some people are caring about their safety. —We ________ worry about it with the development of modern technology. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 31．Bob promised to come to my home for lunch, but he didn’t until 2:00 pm. A．put away B．show up C．take off D．hand out 32．—Sarah, ________ from five to one and I’ll hide. —OK. Here we go! Five, four, three, two, one ... ready or not, here I come! A．write down B．count down C．warm up D．heat up 33．—I hope to be a volunteer on weekends. —You could help to ________ the city parks. A．cheer up B．make up C．take up D．clean up 34．—Don’t ________ the new word in the dictionary if we meet it in a text. We can guess it. —Sure. It’s a good way to improve our reading skills. A．look up B．turn off C．give away D．cut into 35．Life always ________ to be different from our expectations. Staying calm and giving your best effort is the key. A．works on B．carry on C．turns out D．runs out 36．— Our school will have a sports meeting next month. — That sounds fun! I’d like to ________ the running race. A．put on B．run after C．take part in D．take care of 37．—Mrs. White, can I leave my homework until tomorrow? —I’m afraid not. Don’t ________ what you can do today till tomorrow. A．put off B．get off C．turn off D．take off 38．—Wow! You have so many old story books. How will you ________ them? —I plan to give them to the children in a village school. A．deal with B．look for C．care about D．care for 39．The furniture in this room is made ________ a special kind of wood from Guangdong. A．of B．from C．by D．in 40．I like these photos and they can ________ me ________ the life living in the countryside. A．think; of B．let; down C．remind; of D．wake; up 41．The old man likes walking in the park, ________ the fresh air every morning. A．giving away B．taking in C．cutting out D．dying down 42．I want to ________ reading as a hobby. It’s a good way to see the world. A．take up B．put up C．make up D．turn up 43．Since my teammates all fell ill, I had no choice but ______ the report alone. A．finish B．to finish C．finishing D．finished 44．—Your article ________ good memories for me. —I’m happy to hear that. A．brings back B．puts on C．takes up D．turns down 45．—Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now, Jack. What should we do? —No hurry, Jane. We should ________ a plan first, then follow it. A．come up with B．get away from C．run out of D．take care of 46．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work. A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for 47．—I make a mess again! Something will get _________ when I join in. —Cheer up! Just appreciate yourself from the bottom of yourself. A．broken B．closed C．noticed D．included 48．—Why didn’t you buy anything yesterday? —Because all my money had ________. A．found out B．run out C．looked out D．rushed out 49．The house ________ for the homeless people ________. A．was built; to live in B．was built; to live C．built; to live D．built, to live in 50．That newly bought sofa is too small for four people to________ and it is also too heavy for them to________. A．sit; lift B．sit on; lift it C．sit; lift it D．sit on; lift 51．— When did she ________ the young cool man? — In 2019. A．get married with B．marry C．marry with D．marry to 52．We plan to ________ the island during our summer vacation. A．explore B．explore in C．explore at D．explore for 53．—Would you like to live in a house ________ two floors? —Of course. I only ________ a flat. A．has; have B．with; with C．with; have D．has; with 54．The population of China ________ large. More than half of the population ________ farmers. A．are; are B．are; is C．is; are D．is; be 55．The cake __________ so nice. I want to have another one. A．smells B．sounds C．tastes D．looks 56．The music in the hall ________ beautiful. It makes me feel relaxed. A．sounds B．tastes C．smells D．feels 57．The dish ________ delicious. I can’t wait to taste it. A．looks B．smells C．tastes D．sounds 58．My parents and I ________ going to visit the Shanghai Disneyland this summer holiday. A．is B．am C．are D．be 59．The strawberry cake in this shop looks nice and __________ better. A．sounds B．looks C．tastes D．feels 60．The singer’s voice ________ beautiful. A．sounds B．hears C．listens D．is sounded 61．—What are you cooking, honey? It ________ so good! —Just some chicken wings. Do you want to try one? A．tastes B．smells C．looks D．sounds 62．The chairperson warned that we ________ achieve our dreams if we didn’t work hard. A．will B．won’t C．would D．wouldn’t 63．If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have a picnic in the park. A．isn’t rain B．doesn’t rain C．won’t rain D．isn’t raining 64．We ________ any drink. You’d better buy some fruit and vegetables at the supermarket. A．needn’t B．don’t need to C．don’t need D．not need 65．Not only his parents but also he ________ been to the Tibet. A．is B．are C．has D．have 66．Why don’t you ________ to your parents? A．talk B．talking C．talks D．talked 67．—I tried to make Alice ______ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you ______ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．to change; to do D．change; doing 68．My mother made me ________ a lot of cakes last night. A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．ate 69．At last, my mother made me ________ and I began to laugh. A．stop crying B．stopped crying C．stop to cry D．stopped to cry 70．The old lady________ the fisherman ask the goldfish for a new house. A．wanted B．said C．made D．ordered 二、完成句子 71．现在我们都离不开这个智能的AI助手了！ Now we this smart AI helper! 72．尽管天气有点热，大家仍然玩得很开心。 the weather was a little hot, all of them still . 73．很多学生和家长来参加这次活动。 Lots of students and their parents this activity. 74．托尼正在考虑加入学校篮球队的事儿。 Tony is joining the basketball team. 75．直到晚上11点，汤姆才完成这张卡片。 Tom making the card 11 p.m. 76．2025年4月24日，中国成功发射了神州二十号载人飞船。 On April 24th, 2025, China launching Shenzhou-20 manned spaceship. 77．今日事，今日毕。 Never what you can do today till tomorrow. 78．作为中学生，我们应该花更多时间帮助他人。 As middle school students, we more time helping others. 79．上周我跟同学们参加了在操场举行的运动会，我们的对手是1班。 Last week my classmates and I a basketball match held in the playground. We played against Class 1. 80．我女儿在很多方面都像我。她和我一样喜欢读书。 My daughter me in many ways. She loves reading just like I do. 81．如果我们齐心协力，我们的中国梦一定可以实现。 If we , our Chinese Dream is sure to come true. 82．我期待能在人工智能Deepseek的帮助下，我的数学考试能取得进步。 I look forward to in my math exam with the help of AI Deepseek. 83．外面一个人都没有，这座城市当时感觉像一座孤城。（完成译句） With nobody outside, it a lonely city at that time. 84．艾丽丝，请将你的书收起来放在书架上。 Alice, please your books on the shelf. 85．相传宋徽宗因为食冰过度而遭受胃痛之苦。 Folk tales have it that Emperor Huizong stomach pains after eating too much ice. 86．气候变化影响我们的星球，所以我们应该现在采取行动。 affects our planet, so we should now. 87．他看起来像一只猴子。他好滑稽！   He a monkey. he is! 88．上周他们成功地通过了考试。 They the exam last week. 89．每一天都很重要，所以不要把你能做的事情拖到明天。 Every day matters, so never what you can do till tomorrow. 90．此次活动的目的是为了警告我们独自游泳的危险性。 The of the activity is of the danger of swimming alone. 参考答案 一、 1．C 【解析】句意：吃太多垃圾食品而不运动可能会增加体重，导致像疲劳和压力这样的健康问题。 考查动词短语。set off出发；take down记下；put on增加；give away赠送。根据“Eating too much junk food without exercise may”可知是指增加体重，故选C。 2．A 【解析】句意：中亚峰会将为中国和亚洲其他国家打开市场。 考查动词短语辨析。open up打开，开发；put up搭建；make up编造；look up查阅。根据“...markets for China and other Asian countries”可知，此处表示打开市场。故选A。 3．C 【解析】句意：——来自太阳和风的能量成本低且永远不会耗尽。——这就是为什么我们有很多风力发电系统。 考查动词短语辨析。turn down拒绝/调低；put away收起来；run out耗尽；take off起飞/脱下。根据“That’s why we have a lot of wind power generation system.”及语境，可知强调可再生能源的“永不枯竭”特性，故选C。 4．C 【解析】句意：为了改善卫生服务，我们将在农村建立更多的医院。 考查动词短语。tidy up整理；take up开始从事；set up建立；give up放弃。根据“more hospitals in the countryside.”可知，此处指建立医院。故选C。 5．B 【解析】句意：恐怕李雷抽不出一整天的时间去郊游。他的时间完全被游戏占据了。 考查动词短语。made up化妆，编造；taken up占据；set up建立；looked up查阅。根据“cannot spare a whole day for outing”可知，此处应该表达他的时间完全被游戏占据了。故选B。 6．C 【解析】句意：世上无难事，只有努力工作才能成功。 考查动词短语。depend on依靠；keep on坚持；lead to导致，通向；belong to属于。根据“hard work can...success”可知，此处表达努力工作才可以导致成功的结果，故选C。 7．C 【解析】句意：——我对即将到来的脱口秀很感兴趣。你怎么看？——这是展示你作品的好机会。你应该努力争取（参与）它。 考查动词短语。fight against与……作斗争；fight off击退；fight for争取；fight with和……打架。根据“It’s a great chance to show your works.”可知，好机会应积极争取。故选C。 8．D 【解析】句意：鲍勃每晚熬夜看短视频，所以他在课堂上经常感到困倦。 考查动词短语辨析。puts up张贴；takes up开始从事；gives up放弃；stays up熬夜。根据“so he often feels sleepy in class.”可知，上课感到困倦是因为睡眠不够，即熬夜做某事。故选D。 9．B 【解析】句意：Emma是个好女孩，她从不和她的父母顶嘴。 考查动词短语。takes care of照顾；talks back to顶嘴；worries about担心；looks up to仰望。根据“Emma is such a good girl that she never ... her parents.”可知，好孩子不和父母顶嘴。故选B。 10．A 【解析】句意：为了充分利用我的空闲时间，我打算培养一种新的爱好。 考查动词短语。take up开始从事；give up放弃；turn up出现；look up查阅。根据“a new hobby”可知，此处指开始从事一项“新的爱好”活动。故选A。 11．A 【解析】句意：所有学生在校园里必须穿校服。 考查动词和短语及非谓语动词。wear穿，强调“穿着”的状态（长期或习惯性）；put on穿上，强调“穿上”的动作（短暂性）。require sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，此处应用不定式结构；此处表示在校期间持续穿着校服的状态，A项符合。故选A。 12．B 【解析】句意： 他解这道数学难题有困难。 考查非谓语动词。“have trouble doing sth”表示“做某事有困难”，因此填动名词。故选B。 13．C 【解析】句意：生活是一段充满困难的旅程，但只要你细心和智慧，你就能解决你所面临的任何问题。 考查动词短语辨析。put out扑灭；hand out分发；work out解决；break out爆发。根据“with care and wisdom you can...any problem you face.”可知，用心和智慧就能解决问题，work out“解决”符合语境，故选C。 14．D 【解析】句意：——发送电子邮件是一种与朋友保持联系的非常流行的方式。——完全正确。我经常使用它。 考查动词短语。take pride in以……为傲；keep clear of避开；get into the habit of养成……的习惯；stay in touch with和……保持联系。根据“Sending E-mails is a very popular way to...friends”可知电子邮件可以用来和朋友保持联系。故选D。 15．D 【解析】句意：当他在舞台上看到自己最喜欢的明星时，他得抑制住自己的兴奋之情 。 考查动词短语。pull down拆毁；turn down拒绝；put down放下；keep down抑制。根据“when he saw his favorite star on stage”可知，此处描述在舞台上看到自己喜欢的明星的场面，应该是抑制自己的兴奋。故选D。 16．C 【解析】句意：遇到问题时，你最好设法解决。 考查动词短语。turn it out关掉；take it out去除；work it out解决；put it out扑灭。根据“When meeting a problem,”可知，遇到问题要设法解决。故选C。 17．B 【解析】句意：今年暑假我打算培养一种新的爱好，比如打羽毛球。 考查动词短语辨析。come out出来；take up开始从事；think about考虑；turn off关闭。根据题干可知，此处表示“打算培养一种新的爱好”，take up a hobby指“开始培养一个爱好”。故选B。 18．D 【解析】句意：——丽萨，如果你陷入困境，请随时给我打电话。——你真好。 考查短语辨析。in cold blood冷酷无情地；turning a blind eye视而不见；having a ball玩得开心；in hot water陷入困境。根据“please feel free to call me”可知，当对方处于困境时需要提供帮助。故选D。 19．C 【解析】句意：拿起你的笔，画出你自己的发明。也许有一天它会变为一个真正的产品！ 考查动词短语。turned out结果是；turned down拒绝；turned into变成；turned off关闭。根据“Maybe it will be...a real product one day!”可知，指的是画出来的发明也许有一天它会变为一个真正的产品。故选C。 20．D 【解析】句意：——吉米，你能在晚饭准备好前摆好餐桌吗？——没问题。我马上来。 考查动词短语辨析。put out扑灭；give out分发；take out取出；lay out摆放。根据“the table before dinner is ready”可知，此处指“摆放餐桌”，lay out the table符合语境。故选D。 21．A 【解析】句意：我们学校的新图书馆里装满了成千上万本书。学生们喜欢在那里读书。 考查动词辨析。filled装满；covered覆盖；compared比较；connected连接。根据“The new library in our school is... with thousands of books.”可知，此处指图书馆里装满了书，be filled with“装满”。故选A。 22．B 【解析】句意：一开始学习一门新语言可能会很困难，但它将来会被证明是有用的。 考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开；turn out证明是；turn up调高；turn down调低。根据“Learning a new language may be difficult at first, but it will…to be useful in the future.”可知，学习一门新语言开始会很难，但最终会非常有用，此处应用turn out。故选B。 23．C 【解析】句意：你想知道这是什么蝴蝶吗？看看这本书，你会在里面找到答案的。 考查动词短语辨析。Put off推迟；Care for照顾；Check out查看；Part with放弃，分手。根据“the book and you’ll find the answer in it”可知空缺处应为“查看”，故选C。 24．A 【解析】句意：遗憾的是，许多野生动物现在处于危险之中。请同情他们，因为他们是我们大家庭的一员。 考查冠词。have pity on表示“同情/怜悯某人”，固定搭配，其中“pity”为不可数名词，泛指，前面不加冠词。故选A。 25．D 【解析】句意：闭上眼睛，试着想象一片有着金色沙滩的美丽海滩。 考查词义辨析。根据“Close your eyes”及“try to imagine”可知，闭上眼睛在脑海里想象，划线单词与see in your mind词义接近，故选D。 26．A 【解析】句意：李华总是像她妈妈一样善良。他们经常在周末去养老院做志愿者。 考查动词短语。takes after外貌或性格像；gives off发出；breaks up分手，解散；turns down拒绝。根据“her mother in kindness”和“They often volunteer at the elderly care center at weekends.”可知，此处指李华和母亲相似，都是善良的人。故选A。 27．B 【解析】句意：旅行结束后，我们将乘巴士返回学校。 考查动词短语辨析。leave a place离开一个地方；go back to a place回到一个地方；visit a new place参观一个新地方；stay in the same place待在同一个地方。句中“return to”表示“返回”，与B项含义一致。故选B。 28．A 【解析】句意：我们真诚希望不爆发战争，长治久安。 考查动词短语。break out爆发；stay out留在外面；work out解决；put out扑灭。根据“and that peace will be long-lasting.”可知，此处是说希望不爆发战争。故选A。 29．C 【解析】句意：——昨晚我给你打了两次电话，但没能接通。——我当时正和父母在公园散步。 考查动词短语辨析。call up打电话；come over过来；get through（电话）接通；打通；call back回电话。根据“called you twice”和“couldn’t”可知，电话未接通。故选C。 30．B 【解析】句意：——新能源汽车越来越受欢迎，但是一些人担心它的安全性。——随着现代化技术的发展我们不需要担心。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止，不允许；needn’t没有必要，不需要；can’t不会，不能；shouldn’t不应该。由“We…worry about it with the development of modern technology”可知，此处是说随着技术的发展人们不需要担心它的安全性。故选B。 31．B 【解析】句意：鲍勃答应来我家吃午饭，但直到下午2点他都没有出现。 考查动词短语词义辨析。put away意为“把……收起来，放好”；show up意为“出现，露面”；take off意为“起飞，脱掉”；hand out意为“分发”。由“Bob promised to come to my home for lunch, but he didn’t”可知，这里说他没出现，show up符合语境。故选B。 32．B 【解析】句意：——莎拉，从五数到一，我就躲起来。——好的。开始吧！五、四、三、二、一……准备好了没，我来了！ 考查动词短语。write down写下；count down倒计时；warm up热身；heat up加热。根据“from five to one and I’ll hide.”可知是指从五数到一，故选B。 33．D 【解析】句意：——我希望在周末成为一名志愿者。——你可以帮忙打扫城市公园。 考查动词短语辨析。cheer up（使）振作起来；make up构成；take up占据；clean up打扫。根据“be a volunteer”及“the city parks”可知，作为志愿者帮忙打扫城市公园符合语境。故选D。 34．A 【解析】句意：——如果在阅读时遇到生词，不要立刻查字典。我们可以尝试猜测词义。——当然。这是提高阅读技巧的好方法。 考查动词短语。look up查阅；turn off关闭；give away赠送；cut into切入。根据“the new word in the dictionary if we meet it in a text. We can guess it.”可知，此处说的是查阅单词的。故选A。 35．C 【解析】句意：生活总是和我们期望的不一样。保持冷静，尽你最大的努力是关键。 考查动词短语。works on从事；carry on继续；turns out结果是；runs out用完。根据“Life always …to be different from our expectations.”可知，此处是指生活的结果是和期望不同的。故选C。 36．C 【解析】句意：—— 我们学校下个月将举办运动会。—— 听起来很有趣！我想参加跑步比赛。 考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上，上演；run after追赶，追逐；take part in参加（活动、比赛等）；take care of照顾，照料。根据 “a sports meeting” 和 “the running race” 可知，此处表示 “参加跑步比赛”，故选C。 37．A 【解析】句意：——怀特夫人，我可以把作业留到明天吗？——恐怕不行。不要把你今天能做的事推迟到明天。 考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟；get off下车；turn off关闭；take off起飞，脱下。根据“I’m afraid not.”可知，怀特夫人不同意把作业留到明天，也就是不能把今天能做的事推迟到明天，所以应该用put off。故选A。 38．A 【解析】句意：——哇！你有这么多旧故事书。你打算怎么处理它们？——我计划把它们送给乡村学校的孩子们。 考查动词短语辨析。deal with处理；look for寻找；care about关心；care for照顾。根据答句“give them to the children”可知，此处询问“如何处理这些书”，故选A。 39．A 【解析】句意：这个房间里的家具是由广东的一种特殊木材制成的。 考查动词短语。be made of由……制成（能看出原材料）；be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）；be made by由……（人）制作 ；be made in在……（地方）制造。家具由木头制成，而且能看出原材料 ，所以用of。故选A。 40．C 【解析】句意：我喜欢这些照片，它们能使我想起在乡村的生活。 考查动词短语辨析。think of记起；wake sb. up把某人叫醒；remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事；let sb. down使某人失望。根据“I like these photos and they can...”可知，应是这些照片让我想起乡村生活。故选C。 41．B 【解析】句意：这位老人喜欢在公园散步，每天早上呼吸新鲜空气。 考查动词短语辨析。giving away赠送；taking in吸入；cutting out剪出；dying down逐渐消失。根据“the fresh air every morning.”可知，老人散步呼吸新鲜空气。故填B。 42．A 【解析】句意：我想把阅读开始作为我的一种爱好。这是了解世界的好方法。 考查动词短语。take up开始从事；put up张贴、搭建、举起；make up组成、编造；turn up调高。根据“I want to...reading as a hobby. It’s a good way to see the world.”可知，句中表述我把阅读作为一种爱好开始培养，此处使用“take up”意为“开始从事”，符合语境。故选A。 43．B 【解析】句意：由于我的队友们都生病了，我别无选择，只能独自完成这份报告。 考查动词短语。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择只能做某事”。故选B。 44．A 【解析】句意：——你的文章让我想起了美好的回忆。——听到你这么说我很高兴。 考查动词短语。brings back带回；puts on穿上；增加(体重)；takes up占据；turns down拒绝。根据“good memories for me”可知是带来了美好的回忆，用bring back表示“带回”。故选A。 45．A 【解析】句意：——清洁日距离现在只有两周了，Jack。我们该怎么办？——别着急，Jane。我们应该先想出一个计划，然后按照它执行。 考查动词短语辨析。come up with想出；get away from远离；run out of用完，耗尽；take care of照顾。根据“We should...a plan first, then follow it.”可知，此处指先想出一个计划，然后执行。故选A。 46．D 【解析】句意：最后，这个可怜的女人被告知，公司负担不起支付她的工资。 考查被动语态及动词短语。pay for为……付款，固定搭配。the poor man与选项核心词tell之间为被动关系，根据“couldn’t”可知，第一空需一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语为名词单数，需was，tell的过去分词为told；afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，故空处需动词不定式to pay for。故选D。 47．A 【解析】句意：——我又搞砸了！当我参与时，有些事情会感觉被破坏了。——振作起来！从你自己心底欣赏你自己。 考查动词短语。broken打破；closed关闭；noticed注意到；included包括。根据“I make a mess again!”可知，搞砸了事情，故而觉得有些事情感觉被破坏了，get broken意为“被弄坏/搞砸”。故选A。 48．B 【解析】句意：——你昨天为什么没买东西？——因为我所有的钱都用完了。 考查动词短语辨析。found out查明；run out用完；looked out小心；rushed out冲出去。根据“Why didn’t you buy anything”可知没买东西的原因是钱已耗尽，run out符合语境表示“用完、耗尽”。故选B。 49．A 【解析】句意：这所房子是为无家可归的人建造的。 考查被动语态和不及物动词。第一空表示“被建造的房子”，句子缺谓语，应该用被动语态，排除选项CD；第二空中“live”为不及物动词，后接地点需加介词“in”。故选A。 50．D 【解析】句意：那张新买来的沙发太小了，四个人坐不下；并且它太重了，四个人抬不动。 考查动词用法。根据语境可知，“sit”是不及物动词，表示“坐”，如果要说明坐在某个物体上，需要加介词“on”，“sit on the sofa”表示坐在沙发上；“lift”是及物动词，意为“举起” ，前半句已经提到“sofa”，后半句中“lift”的逻辑宾语就是“sofa” ，此时不需要再用“it”指代“sofa”，避免重复。故选D。 51．B 【解析】句意：——她什么时候和那个年轻帅气的男人结婚的？——在2019年。 考查动词marry的用法。get married with错误表达；marry与……结婚，及物动词，直接接宾语；marry with错误表达；marry to用法错误。根据“When did she...the young cool man?”可知，句中询问她什么时候与那个帅气的男人“结婚”的。“marry”是及物动词，“marry sb.”表示“与……结婚”，“marry the young cool man”指“和那个年轻帅气的男人结婚”。故选B。 52．A 【解析】句意：我们计划在暑假期间探索这个岛。 考查动词用法。explore是及物动词，直接接宾语，explore the island表示“探索岛屿”。故选A。 53．C 【解析】句意：——你愿意住两层楼的房子吗？——当然。我只有一套公寓。 考查介词和动词。根据“a house…two floors”可知，此处说的是“带有两层楼的房子”，with表示“带有”，第一个空填介词with；再由“I only…a flat.”可知，空处缺谓语动词，此处说的是有一套公寓，应该用have，意为“有”。故选C。 54．C 【解析】句意：中国的人口数量很大。超过一半的人口是农民。 考查主谓一致。population是集体名词，根据“large”可知主语The population of China指“中国的人口”，把人口看成一个整体，谓语应用单数形式，即be动词应用is；根据“farmers”可知此处强调的是人口的个体，谓语应用复数形式，即be动词应用are。故选C。 55．C 【解析】句意：那块蛋糕品尝起来非常好吃。我想再吃一块。 考查动词辨析。smells闻起来；sounds听起来；tastes尝起来；looks看起来。根据“The cake ... so nice. I want to have another one.”可知，此处指想再吃一块，应该是这个蛋糕吃起来很好吃，故选C。 56．A 【解析】句意：大厅里的音乐听起来很美。它让我感到放松。 考查动词辨析。sounds听起来；tastes尝起来；smells闻起来；feels感觉。根据“The music in the hall...beautiful.”可知，主语是“The music”，所以此处应表示“音乐听起来很美”。故选A。 57．B 【解析】句意：这道菜闻起来很香。我等不及要尝一尝了。   考查感官动词辨析。looks看起来；smells闻起来；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来。根据“I can’t wait to taste it”可知，此处说明说话者是通过嗅觉感知到菜肴的美味。故选B。 58．C 【解析】句意：我的父母和我打算这个暑假去上海迪士尼乐园。 考查be动词。is是，主语为第三人称单数；am主语是第一人称单数；are主语是第二人称和其他人称复数；be原形。根据“My parents and I...going to”可知，主语是复数概念，此处be动词用are，构成be going to“打算”结构。故选C。 59．C 【解析】句意：这家店里的草莓蛋糕看起来很不错，尝起来更美味。 考查系动词辨析。sounds听起来；looks看起来；tastes尝起来；feels摸起来。根据“strawberry cake”可知，此处是描述蛋糕的味道，要用tastes。故选C。 60．A 【解析】句意：这位歌手的嗓音听起来很美。 考查动词辨析。sounds听起来，系动词；hears听见，实义动词；listens听，实义动词；is sounded表达错误，sound作系动词时无被动语态。根据“The singer’s voice...beautiful.”可知，句中表达“嗓音给人听觉上的感受”这一含义，本句是“主系表”结构，此处是一个系动词，后跟形容词“beautiful”作宾语，“sounds”意为“听起来”，是系动词，符合语境。故选A。 61．B 【解析】句意：——亲爱的，你在做什么菜？闻起来真香！——只是一些鸡翅。你想尝一个吗？ 考查感官动词辨析。tastes尝起来；smells闻起来；looks看起来；sounds听起来。根据“Do you want to try one?”可知，这里还没有吃，因此只是“闻起来香”。故选B。 62．D 【解析】句意：主席警告说，如果我们不努力工作，我们就不会实现梦想。 考查时态。根据句子可知，“we...achieve our dreams”是一个宾语从句，“if we didn’t work hard”是由if引导的条件句，表示假设。主句的动词是过去式warned，因此宾语从句的时态需与主句保持一致，使用过去时，排除A、B；另外，“不努力”会导致“无法实现梦想”，因此结果部分需用否定形式，排除C。故选D。 63．B 【解析】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园野餐。 考查动词时态和助动词。根据“If it …tomorrow, we’ll have a picnic in the park.”可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，空处为从句用一般现在时，排除选项C；下雨是动词，且主语为it，需借助助动词doesn’t构成否定句。故选B。 64．C 【解析】句意：我们不需要任何饮料了。你最好在超市买一些水果和蔬菜。 考查动词辨析。need既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。作实义动词时，后接名词、代词或不定式，否定形式要借助助动词don’t/doesn’t等，根据“We... any drink.”中，need后接名词drink，说明need在这里是实义动词，其否定形式要借助助动词don’t，即don’t need，故选C。 65．C 【解析】句意：不仅他的父母去过西藏，而且他也去过。 考查现在完成时。been是be动词的过去分词，have/has加过去分词构成现在完成时，且“not only...but also...”连接并列成分作主语要用“就近原则”，即由he决定此处用has。故选C。 66．A 【解析】句意：你为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢？ 考查动词。根据“Why don’t you ... to your parents?”可知，该句子是一个常用的提建议句型，助动词don’t后要用动词原形。故选A。 67．D 【解析】句意：——我试图使Alice改变主意，但我觉得很难。——当我走过的时候，我看见你在做那件事。 考查动词形式辨析。change改变，动词原形；to change为了改变，动词不定式；do做，动词原形；doing做，现在分词。第一空：根据“I tried to make Alice...her mind but I found it difficult.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：make sb. do sth.让/使某人做某事，用不带to的动词不定式作宾补；第二空：根据“I saw you...that when I went past.”可知，此处强调我经过的时候看见你正在做Alice的思想工作。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，固定结构。故选D。 68．A 【解析】句意：我妈妈昨晚让我吃了很多蛋糕。 考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，固定用法。故选A。 69．A 【解析】句意：最后，我妈妈让我停止了哭泣，我开始笑了起来。 考查使役动词make的用法和动名词作宾语。根据短语make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”可知，动词stop要保持原形，所以排除选项B和D；stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做某事”，根据“I began to laugh”可知，“我”停止哭泣，笑了起来，所以此处应用stop crying。故选A。 70．C 【解析】句意：老妇人让渔夫向金鱼要一座新房子。 考查使役动词用法。wanted想要；said说；made使/让；ordered命令。根据“The old lady…the fisherman ask the goldfish for a new house.”根据语境，老妇人“迫使”渔夫提出请求，强调动作的强制性，make sb do sth表强制或促使某人做某事。故选C。 二、 71． can’t/cannot live/do without 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空格处为“离不开”，即“没有……就不能活/做”，句子时态为一般现在时。“没有”without；“不能”can’t/cannot；“活/做”live/do，情态动词后应接动词原形。故填can’t/cannot；live/do；without。 72． Although enjoyed themselves 【解析】although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，根据“was”可知，时态用一般过去时，动词用过去式；根据“all of them”可知，此处反身代词用themselves。故填Although；enjoyed；themselves。 73． took part in 【解析】take part in“参加”，根据中文语境可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式took。故填took；part；in。 74． thinking about 【解析】对照中英文，设空处缺“考虑”，其英语表达为“think about”，设空处前是“is”，因此填现在分词构成现在进行时。故填thinking；about。 75． didn’t finish until 【解析】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“直到……才……”和“完成”。“not...until...”是固定搭配，意为“直到……才……”，句子是一般过去时，否定形式借助助动词did，后接not，缩写为didn’t；finish“完成”。故填didn’t；finish；until。 76． succeeded in 【解析】根据汉语提示可知，需要翻译“成功”，succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”，句子应为一般过去时，succeed用过去式succeeded。故填succeeded；in。 77． put off 【解析】根据汉语提示可知，“今日事今日毕”即“不把今天的事推到明天”。空格处需填写put off“推迟”，为动词短语，此处为祈使句，故应用动词原形。故填put；off。 78． are supposed to spend 【解析】据句意可知，此处表示“应该做某事”，用短语“be supposed to do sth.”，同时句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是“we”，所以be动词用“are”；“花费时间做某事”用“spend time (in) doing sth.”，此处“spend”在“be supposed to”之后，用动词原形。故填are；supposed；to；spend。 79． participated in 【解析】participate in“参加”，动词短语；根据时间状语“Last week”可知，此句表述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填participated；in。 80． takes after 【解析】对比题干可知，take after和……像，动词短语。时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填takes；after。 81． pull together 【解析】根据中英文提示可知，此处使用pull together“齐心协力”；if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形。故填pull；together。 82． making progress 【解析】对照中英文可知，设空处缺“取得进步”，其英语表达为“make progress”，look forward to doing“期待做某事”，因此填动名词。故填making；progress。 83． felt like 【解析】feel like“感觉像……”，动词短语；根据“at that time”可知，时态为一般过去时，第一空用feel的过去式felt。故填felt；like。 84． put away 【解析】对比题干可知，put away表示“收起来放好”，这里是祈使句，动词用原形。故填put；away。 85． suffered from 【解析】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“遭受”，“suffer from”是固定短语，意为“遭受（病痛等）”，这里表示宋徽宗遭受胃痛之苦，且由“相传”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，suffer要用过去式suffered。故填suffered；from。 86． Climate change take action 【解析】第一空：根据中英文对照，空格处缺“气候变化”。英文对应“Climate change”；根据“affects”可知，此处填名词单数；第二空：根据中英文对照，空格处缺“采取行动”。英文对应“take action”；“should”后填动词原形。故填Climate；change；take；action。 87． looks like How funny 【解析】根据中英文提示可知，第一句表达“看起来像”look like，结合语境可知，句子时态为一般现在时，句子主语“He”是第三人称单数，谓语动词look要用第三人称单数形式looks，所以前两空填looks；like。第二句是感叹句，感叹句有两种常见结构：“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”和“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，此句中“滑稽的”是形容词funny，且符合“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”结构，所以后两空填How；funny。故填looks；like；How；funny。 88． succeeded in passing 【解析】根据句意及空所处位置可知，此处缺少“成功地通过”的表达。succeed in doing sth.“成功地做某事”；pass the exam通过考试。根据“last week”可知，此处应该用一般过去时， 故填succeeded；in；passing。 89． put off 【解析】put off“推迟”，动词短语；此句为祈使句的否定形式，空处用动词原形。故填put；off。 90． purpose to warn us 【解析】the purpose of “……的目的”；warn sb. of sth.“警告某人某事”，表目的用动词不定式to warn；动词warn后跟人称代词的宾格us“我们”。故填purpose；to；warn；us。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$