专题02 数词、形容词、副词（小初考点差异及衔接）-【小升初】2025年新七年级英语暑期衔接讲义（通用版）

专题02 数词、形容词、副词（小初考点差异及衔接） 一．数词 【小学数词考点聚焦】 1、 定义：表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词。 2、 分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数 词。 三．用法： 1、基数词 （1）十位数和个位数之间须用连字号"-"。如：twenty-one(二十一)，fifty-five(五十五)，ninety-nine(九十九)等。 （2）100以上的基本的基数词 100 hundred 1,000 thousand 1,000,000 million 百万 1,000 million (=billion)十亿 2、序数词 ①英语序数词1-19除第一(first)，第二(second)，第三(third)有特殊形式外，其余均由基数词后加-th 构成。 ②有几个序数词加 -th 时拼法不规则，它们是：fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth。 ③十位整数的序数词的构成方法是：先将十位整数基数词的词尾 -ty变成tie，然后加-th 。 ④基数词"几十几"变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词，十位数不变。如twenty-one变成twenty-first。 ⑤序数词的缩写形式，由阿拉伯数码后加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。如：1st，2nd，3rd，4th，31st，82nd，93rd，94th等。 3、分数和小数的读法 ①分数(fraction)分子为基数词，分母为序数词，分子大于1时，分母序数词用复数： 1／2 one half 1／3 one-third； 2／3 two-thirds； 1／4 one-fourth或 one quarter ； 3／4 three-fourths或 three quarters； ②小数0.5 zero point five； 1.25 one point two five； 4、时间表达法： （1）整点表示法：用“基数词+o'clock”表示 6：00 six o'clock （2）半点表示法：“钟点数+thirty”“half +past+钟点数”2：30 two thirty 或 half past two （3）“几点几分”表示法： A:直接表示法：钟点数+分钟10：20 ten twenty B:间接表示法： 当“分钟≤30”时，“分钟+past+钟点数” 11：25 twenty-five past eleven 当“分钟>30”时，“（60-分钟）+to+下一钟点数” 11：50 ten to twelve [注] 15分钟常用 “a quarter” 来代替“fifteen” 随堂精练 1．December is the ________ month of the year. ________ is in December. A．twelve; Teachers’ Day B．twelfth; Children’s Day C．twelfth; Christmas 2．______ students are in the school. A．Thousand of B．Two thousand C．Two thousands of 3．There are _______ minutes in an hour. A．twelve B．twenty-four C．sixty 4．Jim is twelve years old. He is 1. 64 meters and 52 kilograms. A． B． C． 5．My sister is ________ years old. Tomorrow is her ________ birthday. A．twelfth; twelve B．twelve; twelve C．twelve; twelfth D．twelfth; twelfth 6．The Dragon Boat Festival is on the ________ day of the fifth lunar(农历) month. A．fifth B．fifteenth C．five D．fourth 7．My grandfather is _________ years old.  How _________ he looks! A．nineteen; happy B．ninth; happily C．ninety; happy D．ninety; happily 8．China started its _________ national population census（人口普查）on Nov. _________, 2020. A．seven; one B．seventh; 1th C．seventh; 1st D．seven; 1st 9．There are two ______ people in the meeting room. A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．hundred D．hundreds 10．The Yellow River is _____ longest river in China. A．the two B．the second C．two 【初中数词考点聚焦】 考点清单 一．基数词的构成 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one twenty-two thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred one hundred and one two hundred 二．基数词的用法 用法 例子 句 法 功 能 主语 It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number. The first day of May is International Labour Day. 宾语 It is worth three hundred. He was among the first to arrive. 定语 There are only three boys in the class. May is the fifth month of a year. 表示事物编号 No. Ten Middle School, Lesson One 表示年代 in the 1890s 表示年、月、日 On May 1st,2008 表示分数 分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。如：one third, five sixths 表 示 时 间 整点 Tom often gets up at six in the morning.　 与汉语 顺序相同 4:25four twenty-five 6:30six thirty 几点过几分 at twenty past six, at a quarter past eleven 差几分到 几点 at five to six, at twenty-nine to ten 注意 1.表示某人约几十岁时，在表示整十位的基数词后面加-s。如： Tom went to New York in his twenties.汤姆在二十多岁时去了纽约。 2.分数作主语时，谓语动词由of后面的名词的数来确定。of 后为可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数形式;of后面的名词为 不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Two thirds of the work is hard to finish.三分之二的工作很难完成。 Two thirds of the students in our class are League members.我们班里三分之二的学生是团员。 三．序数词的构成 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-ninth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth one hundred and first 注意 1.序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词 the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再一”，“又一”。如： We’ll go over it a second time.我们得再念第二遍。We’ve tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time?我们已经试过三遍了，还必须试一次(第四次)吗？ 2.基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可，不需要添加定冠词。如： the first lesson——Lesson One the fifth page——Page 5(Five) the twenty-first room——Room 21(Twenty-one) 随堂精练 基础题组 一．正确形式填空 1.Our town has been famous since the 　　　　　century.(twelve)  2.Every year， 　　　　　(百万) of books are donated to the children in poor areas.  3.Tomorrow they will have a party to celebrate his brother’s 　　　　　(五) birthday.  4.My sister was born on the 　　　　　(九) of June.  5.Seven 　　　　　(十二) of the students took part in the activity last weekend.  6.My aunt became a nurse in her 　　　　　(twenty) and she still loves her job now.  7.Two 　　　　　(nine) of the land in this area is covered with trees and grass. The rest is sandy.  8.I found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan for the 　　　　　(one) time.  9.Wang Yaping， China’s 　　　　　(two) female astronaut， has recently recorded a video to send her greetings to women around the world on Women’s Day.  10.My uncle lives in a town 　　　　kilometers from Yangzhou. (十五)  提升题组 语篇填空 　　This time yesterday， Mr Zhang was celebrating his 1.　　　　　(ninety) birthday at home.  He said this to his family members: About two 2.　　　　　(three) of the people change houses during their lifetimes， but I have lived in this house since I was born. I’ve got 3.　　　　　(four) children and all of them were born in this house too. Most of the time it is a happy place. The street is very different from the one when I was young. In the 4.　　　　　(1970)， there were no cars and all the children played in the road. Some children still do， but it’s not the same—you’ve got to be very careful nowadays with the traffic. In the street， few people who live in the street are as old as I am now—many of them have died; 5.　　　　　(hundred) of neighbours have moved to another area. I only go out 6.　　　　　(two) a week now and I’m getting a bit deaf. But this is unimportant. I’ve got my children and my grandchildren， and they mean everything to me.  二．形容词、副词 【小学形容词、副词考点聚焦】 一、概念：形容词是用来修饰和形容名词，说明人与事物性质和特征的词。 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 二、比较级和最高级的构成方法: 1、 规则变化 2、 不规则变化 三、形容词比较级和最高级的用法： 1、原级的用法 2、比较级的用法 3、最高级用法 四、 两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示形状的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示色彩的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→表示用途、类别的形容词→名词中心词。 随堂精练 1．Kitty goes running to keep ______ every day, because he thinks running is good for his ______. A．health; health B．healthy; health C．health; healthy D．healthy; healthy 2．Don’t talk ______. We should be ______ here. A．loud; quiet B．loudly; quiet C．loudly; quietly 3．My friend can draw _____. His drawings are very _____. A．good; we B．well; good C．good; good D．well; well 4．My legs are ______ than yours. A．longer B．taller C．the thinnest 5．She is ________ than her sister. A．tall B．taller C．tallest 6．I’m tall, but Lucy is ___________ than me. A．taller B．tall C．heavier 7．—Some dinosaurs are even(甚至) ________ than our schoolbags. —Amazing! A．small B．smaller C．smallest 8．I think Pairs is _________ than Guangzhou. A．more beautiful B．the most beautiful C．beautiful D．the more beautiful 9．The storybook is very ________. Amy is ________ in it. A．interested; interested B．interesting; interested C．interesting; interesting 10．The basketball game is very _________. We cheer all the time. A．exciting B．excited C．excitedly 11．Chinese people are _______ about Shenzhou-17. They are talking _______. A．excitedly; excited B．excited; exciting C．exciting; excited D．excited; excitedly 12．The _________ girl said _________, “Be _________.” A．quiet; quietly; quietly B．quietly; quietly; quiet C．quiet; quietly; quiet D．quietly; quiet; quietly 【初中形容词、副词考点聚焦】 考点清单 【考向1】形容词与副词的构成 1.形容词的主要构成形式 (1)“名词+-ful”,如:care-careful、 help-helpful等; (2)“名词+-y”,如:cloud-cloudy、 rain-rainy、 wind-windy、 sun-sunny等; (3)“动词+-ing”,如:interest-interesting、 surprise-surprising、 excite-exciting等; (4)“动词+-ed”,如:interest-interested、 surprise-surprised、 please-pleased等; (5)“名词+-ly”,如:friend-friendly、 day-daily(每日的)等; (6)“形容词+-ly”,如:lone(单独的)-lonely(孤独的;荒凉的)、 dead-deadly等; (7)“名词+-n/-ian”,如:America-American、Russia-Russian等; (8)“名词+-al”,如:nation-national、 person-personal等; (9)特殊结构,如:wool-woolen、 heat-hot、 die-dead、 China-Chinese、 Japan-Japanese等。 2.副词的主要构成形式 (1)在“形容词后加-ly”构成,如:usual-usually, wide-widely, real-really等;而以-y结尾的形容词变y为i再加-ly,如:happy-happily, heavy-heavily等。 (2)以“-ful结尾的形容词后加ly”构成,如:careful-carefully, beautiful-beautifully等; (3)“名词+-ly”,如:part(部分)-partly(部分地)等; 易混易错 friendly、 lonely、 lively、 lovely、 deadly、 likely等以-ly 结尾的词是形容词,而不是副词。 有些词的词尾有无-ly,词义是截然不同的。如:hard(努力地;硬的)/hardly(几乎不),late(迟)/lately(近来),near(附近)/nearly(几乎),most(最)/mostly(大部分)等。另外,常见的副词与形容词同形的有hard、 late、 fast、 high、 early、 little等。 【考向2】常见的易混形容词辨析 1.含-ed形式和-ing形式的形容词是有区别的。形容词的-ed形式意为“感到……的”,往往用来修饰人,主语往往是人;形容词的-ing形式,意为“令人……的”,往往用来修饰物,主语往往是物。例如:interesting(有趣的)/ interested(感兴趣的)、 relaxing(令人放松的)/relaxed(放松的)、 surprising(令人吃惊的)/surprised(感到吃惊的)、 exciting(使人激动的)/excited(激动的)、 moving(令人感动的)/ moved(感动的)、 frightening(令人恐惧的)/frightened(感到害怕的)等。 2. 注重常考形容词的归类 (1)描述外貌特征:fat、 thin、 slim、 tall、 short、 strong、 weak、 good-looking、 beautiful、 pretty、 overweight (超重的)等。 (2)描写性格品质:shy、 lazy、 kind、 friendly、 helpful、 outgoing、 brave、 active、 patient、 smart、 strict、 honest、 energetic等。 (3)描写人的情感、状态:angry、 sad、 busy、 sorry、 excited、 tired、 happy、 thirsty、 worried、 hungry、 proud等。 【考向3】常见的易混副词 1.常见副词的种类 时间副词 ago、 before、 already、 just、 now、 early、 late、 finally、 tomorrow、 once、 soon 地点副词 here、 there、 near、 around、 in、 out、 up、 down、 back、 away、 outside、 somewhere 方式副词 carefully、 angrily、 badly、 calmly、 loudly、 quickly、 politely、 nervously 程度副词 very、 much、 greatly、 a bit、 a little、 so、 almost、 nearly、 also、 even、 just、 well 频度副词 always、 often、 usually、 sometimes、 never、 seldom 疑问副词 where、 when、 why、 how 关系副词 when、 where、 why 2.频度副词的辨析 (1)频度副词的频率 always总是 >usually 通常>often 常常>sometimes有时>seldom很少>never从不 (2)频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词在句子中的位置有着共同的特点:一般放在系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后,或行为动词之前,即“行之前,系助后”。例如: He always comes to school on time. He's never late. 他总是按时到校,从不迟到。 【考向4】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er, -est fast/faster/fastest, new/newer/newest 以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r, -st late/later/latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,变y为i,再加-er, -est easy/easier/easiest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er,-est big/bigger/biggest, thin/thinner/thinnest (续表) 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most beautiful/more beautiful/most beautiful 小贴士: 比较等级要变化,词尾一般加er(est);词尾若有哑音e,直接加-r(st)就可以; 一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写;辅音字母加个y,要把y来变为i。 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 little less least far farther (further) farthest (furthest) many (much) more most good (well) better best bad (badly) / ill worse worst old older (elder) oldest (eldest) 小贴士: “不规则”中找规则,比较级和最高级特殊变:一“少”“远”,二“多”“好”, 三“病”“坏”, 四变“老”。 【考向5】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1. 比较级常用结构 结构 含义 例句 比较级＋than 比·····更 The weather here is hotter than that in Yunnan.这里的天气比云南的更热。 Tom is hard-working. I work much harder than him.汤姆工作努力，我比他工作更加努力。 比较级+and+比较级 越来越 It's getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和。 the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... 越····， 就越······ The more you read English, the better you will be at it.你读英语读得越多，你就会越擅长英语。 Which/What/Who...＋比较级，A or B？ 哪一个／什么／谁更·····，A还是B？ Who plays tennis better, Mike or Sam？谁网球打得更好，迈克还是萨姆？ “much/a lot/far; even; a little／a bit＋比较级”，用于加强语气 ······得多； 甚至更······;更······一点 High-speed trains run much faster than normal trains.高铁比普通列车行驶得快得多。 the＋比较级＋of the two... 两者中较······的那一个 Anne is the taller of the two girls.安妮是这两个女孩中较高的那个。 2.最高级常用结构 结构 含义 例句 the＋最高级 （＋单数名词） +in/of... ......中最······的 Jim is the tallest ( student) in his class.吉姆是班上最高的。 I jump ( the)farthest of all the students in our class.我是我们班跳得最远的。 one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数＋in/of... 最······的·····之一 Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。 the＋序数词＋形容词最高级 第几最······ The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 3.表示两者在某一方面相同或一方在某方面不如另一方时，用“as+形容词或副词原级＋as”或“not as／so＋形容词或副词原级＋as”来表达。如： I think science is as important as math.我认为科学同数学一样重要。 Tom runs as fast as Jack.汤姆跑得和杰克一样快。 I can't type as/so fast as my brother.我打字不如我弟弟快。 随堂精练 基础题组 一．用所给词的适当形式填空 1.　 　(lucky), the accident was not serious!  2.The nurse is very 　 　(friend) to these patients.  3.The weather report says it will be 　 　(cloud) tomorrow.  4.My sister looked 　 　(happy) because I broke her favorite cup.  5.We hope your baby grows 　 　(healthy) and 　 　 (happy).  6.Watch 　 　(careful), and you will find the differences between the two pictures.  7.Of the two shirts, I think the blue one is much 　 　(beautiful).  8.In China, red is the 　 　(popular) color, especially during some festivals.  9.Who is the 　 　(good) basketball player in your class?  10.Of the winters in recent years, it is said that last winter was the 　 　(cold) one.  11.What a　 　(sun) day it is! Let's go camping.   12.He was just falling 　 　(sleep) when there was a loud knock at the door.  13.The house next to the street is very 　 　(noise).We don't want to live there.  14.His grandfather has been　 　(die) for five years.   15.Don't play soccer in the street.It's　 　 (danger).  16.He put on his coat and went out　 　(quick).  17.Be careful, or you won't work out the physics problem　 　(successful).  18.I am 　 　 (real) in love with this movie.  19.It was a silent night.The moon shone 　 　(bright) through the window.  20.Oh, no! The road is 　 　 (most) covered with snow.Let's not drive today.  提升题组 一．单项选择 1.The ________ we look after our environment, the ________ our world will be. A．most carefully; most beautiful B．more carefully; more beautifully C．more careful; more beautiful D．more carefully; more beautiful 2.Many people think eating at home is ________ than eating in the restaurant. A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest 3.Travelling by train is slower than by plane. But it’s ________ than by plane. A．interesting B．less interesting C．more interesting D．most interesting 4.We will have a field trip this afternoon. The news makes everyone __________. A．excited B．frightened C．happily D．luckily 5.This street is much ________ than that one. A．wide B．wider C．widest D．the widest 二．正确形式填空 1.Follow these tips， and you can enjoy your summer 　　　　.(safe)  2.Although I’ve met her only once or t　　　， I can tell that she has a strong personality.  3.With the help of the map， students found their way to the park 　　　(容易地).  4.Audiobooks(有声读物) are so welcome that the number of the listeners is increasing 　　　　　　(rapid).  5.I can’t speak too 　　　　　(high) of the beauty of Yangzhou， especially in spring.  6.Humans should always learn how to live 　　　　　(peace) with other living things together.   7.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  8.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  9.What we need is reasonable advice rather than 　　　　　complaints. (useful)  10.Many people like to make snowmen on 　　　　　(snow) days.  三．语篇填空 　　Ugly caterpillars(毛毛虫) can become 1.　　　　　(beauty) butterflies. It’s a fact， of course. But have you 2.　　　　　(曾经) seen the process? Wu Jiayu， 13， from Nanjing has! He has seen the transformation(转变) of dozens of caterpillars since he started to raise them in Grade Four.   There are four stages(阶段) of butterflies’ growth: egg， larva(幼虫) or caterpillar， chrysalis(蛹) and butterfly. Wu starts to raise them from the larva stage. He usually puts 10 caterpillars together into a plastic box and feeds them a branch(枝) of leaves once a day. He also cleans their waste 3.　　　　　(careful) once a day.  After about a month， the caterpillars become chrysalises. At this point， they don’t need any food or water. The key is to leave them 4.a　　　　. After another month， 5.　　　　(excite) stage comes—emergence(羽化)!  The emergence happens very 6.q　　　　　—within one minute to ten minutes. Wu was 7.　　　　　(幸运) enough to have witnessed the moment many times. An Asian swallowtail butterfly(燕尾蝶) even emerged on his fingers! “It climbed out to find a place. I wanted to put it back into the box. However， it suddenly climbed onto my fingers，” he said. “I saw its wings spread in just about one minute. I was so8.　　　　　(surprise).”  However， not all chrysalises can become butterflies 9.　　　　　(smooth). Once， Wu saw a chrysalis that could not spread its wings after over 10 minutes of trying. He thought it couldn’t make it. Yet， after a while， it did it!  “I was amazed by the power of life，” he said. “Every butterfly finishes the transformation on its own. It encourages me to be independent and not to give up10.　　　　　(easy).”  1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 数词、形容词、副词（小初考点差异及衔接） 一．数词 【小学数词考点聚焦】 1、 定义：表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词。 2、 分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数 词。 三．用法： 1、基数词 （1）十位数和个位数之间须用连字号"-"。如：twenty-one(二十一)，fifty-five(五十五)，ninety-nine(九十九)等。 （2）100以上的基本的基数词 100 hundred 1,000 thousand 1,000,000 million 百万 1,000 million (=billion)十亿 2、序数词 ①英语序数词1-19除第一(first)，第二(second)，第三(third)有特殊形式外，其余均由基数词后加-th 构成。 ②有几个序数词加 -th 时拼法不规则，它们是：fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth。 ③十位整数的序数词的构成方法是：先将十位整数基数词的词尾 -ty变成tie，然后加-th 。 ④基数词"几十几"变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词，十位数不变。如twenty-one变成twenty-first。 ⑤序数词的缩写形式，由阿拉伯数码后加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。如：1st，2nd，3rd，4th，31st，82nd，93rd，94th等。 3、分数和小数的读法 ①分数(fraction)分子为基数词，分母为序数词，分子大于1时，分母序数词用复数： 1／2 one half 1／3 one-third； 2／3 two-thirds； 1／4 one-fourth或 one quarter ； 3／4 three-fourths或 three quarters； ②小数0.5 zero point five； 1.25 one point two five； 4、时间表达法： （1）整点表示法：用“基数词+o'clock”表示 6：00 six o'clock （2）半点表示法：“钟点数+thirty”“half +past+钟点数”2：30 two thirty 或 half past two （3）“几点几分”表示法： A:直接表示法：钟点数+分钟10：20 ten twenty B:间接表示法： 当“分钟≤30”时，“分钟+past+钟点数” 11：25 twenty-five past eleven 当“分钟>30”时，“（60-分钟）+to+下一钟点数” 11：50 ten to twelve [注] 15分钟常用 “a quarter” 来代替“fifteen” 随堂精练 1．December is the ________ month of the year. ________ is in December. A．twelve; Teachers’ Day B．twelfth; Children’s Day C．twelfth; Christmas 【答案】C 【详解】句意：十二月是一年中的________月。________在十二月。本题考查序数词和专有名词，A十二；教师节。 B第十二；儿童节。C第十二；圣诞节。第一空用序数词twelfth表示第十二个月；圣诞节在十二月。故选C。 2．______ students are in the school. A．Thousand of B．Two thousand C．Two thousands of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校里有两千名学生。本题考查基数词。基数词+ thousand，表示具体的数量； thousands of 意为“成千上万的”，表示概数。故选B。 3．There are _______ minutes in an hour. A．twelve B．twenty-four C．sixty 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一个小时有60分钟。本题考查基数词。A12，B24，C60。根据常识，一个小时有60分钟，故选C。 4．Jim is twelve years old. He is 1. 64 meters and 52 kilograms. A． B． C． 【答案】B 【详解】句意：吉姆十二岁。他1.64米高体重52千克。本题考查基数词。根据句意选项B符合，故选B。 5．My sister is ________ years old. Tomorrow is her ________ birthday. A．twelfth; twelve B．twelve; twelve C．twelve; twelfth D．twelfth; twelfth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妹妹_____岁了。明天是她的_______生日。本题考查基数词和序数词。第一空指多少岁，故用基数词twelve；第二空指十二岁生日，用序数词twelfth。故选C。 6．The Dragon Boat Festival is on the ________ day of the fifth lunar(农历) month. A．fifth B．fifteenth C．five D．fourth 【答案】A 【详解】句意：端午节在农历五月初五。本题考查序数词，A第五，B第十五，C五，D第四。根据常识可知端午节在五月初五，所以排除选项B和D。the+序数词表示具体日期，排除选项C，故选A。 7．My grandfather is _________ years old.  How _________ he looks! A．nineteen; happy B．ninth; happily C．ninety; happy D．ninety; happily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的祖父今年九十岁。他看起来多么开心啊！本题考查基数词和形容词的用法，ninety九十，nineteen十九，ninth第九，该空用基数词，ninety符合句意；第二句是感叹句，结构为：How+形容词(副词)+主语+动词！look相当于系动词，该空用形容词。故选C。 8．China started its _________ national population census（人口普查）on Nov. _________, 2020. A．seven; one B．seventh; 1th C．seventh; 1st D．seven; 1st 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国在2020年十一月一号开始了第七次人口普查。本题考查序数词，seventh第七，first第一，根据句意，用序数词，故选C。 9．There are two ______ people in the meeting room. A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．hundred D．hundreds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：会议室里有两百人。本题考查基数词。hundred前面有具体数字时，hundred后不能加s，且不与of 连用，故选C。 10．The Yellow River is _____ longest river in China. A．the two B．the second C．two 【答案】B 【详解】句意：黄河是中国________最长的大河。本题考查数词的用法，longest最长的，the+序数词+形容词最高级，表示“第几最……”，故选B。 【初中数词考点聚焦】 考点清单 一．基数词的构成 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one twenty-two thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred one hundred and one two hundred 二．基数词的用法 用法 例子 句 法 功 能 主语 It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number. The first day of May is International Labour Day. 宾语 It is worth three hundred. He was among the first to arrive. 定语 There are only three boys in the class. May is the fifth month of a year. 表示事物编号 No. Ten Middle School, Lesson One 表示年代 in the 1890s 表示年、月、日 On May 1st,2008 表示分数 分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。如：one third, five sixths 表 示 时 间 整点 Tom often gets up at six in the morning.　 与汉语 顺序相同 4:25four twenty-five 6:30six thirty 几点过几分 at twenty past six, at a quarter past eleven 差几分到 几点 at five to six, at twenty-nine to ten 注意 1.表示某人约几十岁时，在表示整十位的基数词后面加-s。如： Tom went to New York in his twenties.汤姆在二十多岁时去了纽约。 2.分数作主语时，谓语动词由of后面的名词的数来确定。of 后为可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数形式;of后面的名词为 不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Two thirds of the work is hard to finish.三分之二的工作很难完成。 Two thirds of the students in our class are League members.我们班里三分之二的学生是团员。 三．序数词的构成 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-ninth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth one hundred and first 注意 1.序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词 the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再一”，“又一”。如： We’ll go over it a second time.我们得再念第二遍。We’ve tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time?我们已经试过三遍了，还必须试一次(第四次)吗？ 2.基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可，不需要添加定冠词。如： the first lesson——Lesson One the fifth page——Page 5(Five) the twenty-first room——Room 21(Twenty-one) 随堂精练 基础题组 一．正确形式填空 1.Our town has been famous since the 　　　　　century.(twelve)  答案　twelfth　空格后为名词单数century，且空前有the，故空格处应填twelve的序数词形式，表示“第十二”，故填twelfth。 2.Every year， 　　　　　(百万) of books are donated to the children in poor areas.  答案　millions　millions of...“数百万……”，后加名词复数形式，故填millions。 3.Tomorrow they will have a party to celebrate his brother’s 　　　　　(五) birthday.  答案　fifth　根据空格后的单数名词birthday可知，空格处应填序数词，表示“第五个生日”。故填fifth。 4.My sister was born on the 　　　　　(九) of June.  答案　ninth　表示日期时要使用序数词，故填ninth。 5.Seven 　　　　　(十二) of the students took part in the activity last weekend.  答案　twelfths　根据中文提示可知，此处应填twelve的适当形式。分母用序数词表示，当分子大于1时，分母要用复数。故填twelfths。 6.My aunt became a nurse in her 　　　　　(twenty) and she still loves her job now.  答案　twenties　考查基数词。“in one’s+整十基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”，故此处应用twenty的复数形式。故填twenties。 7.Two 　　　　　(nine) of the land in this area is covered with trees and grass. The rest is sandy.  答案　ninths　考查分数。分子two是基数词，分母应用序数词的复数形式，nine的序数词为ninth，two ninths“九分之二”。故填ninths。 8.I found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem written by Wang Zhihuan for the 　　　　　(one) time.  答案　first　“for the +序数词+time”指“第几次”，此处指“第一次”，one的序数词是first，故填first。 9.Wang Yaping， China’s 　　　　　(two) female astronaut， has recently recorded a video to send her greetings to women around the world on Women’s Day.  答案　second　考查序数词。根据空格后的female astronaut可知，此空应填second，指“中国第二个女性航天员”，空格前有China’s，所以second前面不加the。 10.My uncle lives in a town 　　　　kilometers from Yangzhou. (十五)  答案　fifteen　考查基数词。由空后的kilometers可知，此空应填基数词。“十五”的英文为fifteen，故填fifteen。 提升题组 语篇填空 　　This time yesterday， Mr Zhang was celebrating his 1.　　　　　(ninety) birthday at home.  He said this to his family members: About two 2.　　　　　(three) of the people change houses during their lifetimes， but I have lived in this house since I was born. I’ve got 3.　　　　　(four) children and all of them were born in this house too. Most of the time it is a happy place. The street is very different from the one when I was young. In the 4.　　　　　(1970)， there were no cars and all the children played in the road. Some children still do， but it’s not the same—you’ve got to be very careful nowadays with the traffic. In the street， few people who live in the street are as old as I am now—many of them have died; 5.　　　　　(hundred) of neighbours have moved to another area. I only go out 6.　　　　　(two) a week now and I’m getting a bit deaf. But this is unimportant. I’ve got my children and my grandchildren， and they mean everything to me.  1.ninetieth　此空填序数词，指“第九十个生日”。 2.thirds　此空考查分数的表达法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。故此空填thirds。 3.four　此空填基数词，表示“数量”，指“四个孩子”。 4.1970s/1970’s　此处是年代的表达。in the 1970s/in the 1970’s指“在20世纪70年代”。 5.hundreds　hundreds of指“数百个，成百的”。 6.twice　twice a week指“每周两次”。 二．形容词、副词 【小学形容词、副词考点聚焦】 一、概念：形容词是用来修饰和形容名词，说明人与事物性质和特征的词。 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 二、比较级和最高级的构成方法: 1、 规则变化 2、 不规则变化 三、形容词比较级和最高级的用法： 1、原级的用法 2、比较级的用法 3、最高级用法 四、 两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示形状的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示色彩的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→表示用途、类别的形容词→名词中心词。 随堂精练 1．Kitty goes running to keep ______ every day, because he thinks running is good for his ______. A．health; health B．healthy; health C．health; healthy D．healthy; healthy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：凯蒂每天跑步来保持健康，因为他认为跑步对他的健康有好处。本题考查形容词的用法和名词词组。health名词，健康。healthy形容词，健康的。keep healthy动词短语，保持健康。his形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词，故选B。 2．Don’t talk ______. We should be ______ here. A．loud; quiet B．loudly; quiet C．loudly; quietly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要大声说话，我们应该在这里保持安静。本题考查副词和形容词的用法，A大声的，安静的；B大声地，安静的；C大声地，安静地；talk是动词，要用副词修饰，loud是形容词，loudly是副词，第一空用loudly；be动词后接形容词，quiet是形容词，quietly是副词，第二空用quiet。故选B。 3．My friend can draw _____. His drawings are very _____. A．good; we B．well; good C．good; good D．well; well 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的朋友能画得很好。他的画非常好。本题考查副词的用法和形容词的用法。draw画，是动词，后面要用副词修饰，well好，是副词，符合句意；第二句be动词are后面要用形容词作表语，good好的，是形容词，符合句意，故选B。 4．My legs are ______ than yours. A．longer B．taller C．the thinnest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的腿比你的腿_________。本题考查形容词的比较级。A更长的，B更高的，C最瘦的。than是比较级的标志，A符合题意，故选A。 5．She is ________ than her sister. A．tall B．taller C．tallest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她比她妹妹高。本题考查比较级。A高的，形容词原级；B更高的，形容词比较级；C最高的，形容词最高级。根据than可知横线处填形容词比较级，故选B。 6．I’m tall, but Lucy is ___________ than me. A．taller B．tall C．heavier 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我很高，但是露西比我高。本题考查形容词比较级和形容词辨析。A较高的，比较级；B高的，原级；C较重的，比较级。由than可知是两者进行比较，故用比较级，根据句意可知是在比较身高，故用taller。故选A。 7．—Some dinosaurs are even(甚至) ________ than our schoolbags. —Amazing! A．small B．smaller C．smallest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—一些恐龙甚至比我们的书包还小。—真神奇！本题考查形容词比较级，A形容词原级，B形容词比较级，C形容词最高级。than是比较级的标志词，形容词用比较级，故选B。 8．I think Pairs is _________ than Guangzhou. A．more beautiful B．the most beautiful C．beautiful D．the more beautiful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为巴黎比广州更漂亮。本题考查形容词比较级。根据than可知横线处填比较级，more beautiful是beautiful的比较级，前面不加定冠词，故选A。 9．The storybook is very ________. Amy is ________ in it. A．interested; interested B．interesting; interested C．interesting; interesting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个故事书很有趣。艾米对此很感兴趣。本题考查形容词的用法。人做主语用interested，物做主语用interesting，故选B。 10．The basketball game is very _________. We cheer all the time. A．exciting B．excited C．excitedly 【答案】A 【详解】句意；篮球赛非常精彩。我们一直在欢呼。本题考查形容词的用法。A令人激动的，形容词，物做主语；B激动的，形容词，人做主语；C激动地，副词。横线处填形容词做is的表语，主语是物，故选A。 11．Chinese people are _______ about Shenzhou-17. They are talking _______. A．excitedly; excited B．excited; exciting C．exciting; excited D．excited; excitedly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国人民对神舟17号载人飞船感到兴奋。他们在兴奋地交谈着。本题考查固定搭配和副词的用法。excited兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的，都是形容词，be excited about对……感到兴奋，固定搭配；excitedly兴奋地，副词，修饰动词。故选D。 12．The _________ girl said _________, “Be _________.” A．quiet; quietly; quietly B．quietly; quietly; quiet C．quiet; quietly; quiet D．quietly; quiet; quietly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个安静的女孩文静地说：“请保持安静。”本题考查形容词的用法和副词的用法。girl是名词，用形容词quiet“安静的”修饰，排除BD；said是动词，用副词quietly“小声地”修饰，根据句意可知保持安静Be quiet. 排除A。故选C。 【初中形容词、副词考点聚焦】 考点清单 【考向1】形容词与副词的构成 1.形容词的主要构成形式 (1)“名词+-ful”,如:care-careful、 help-helpful等; (2)“名词+-y”,如:cloud-cloudy、 rain-rainy、 wind-windy、 sun-sunny等; (3)“动词+-ing”,如:interest-interesting、 surprise-surprising、 excite-exciting等; (4)“动词+-ed”,如:interest-interested、 surprise-surprised、 please-pleased等; (5)“名词+-ly”,如:friend-friendly、 day-daily(每日的)等; (6)“形容词+-ly”,如:lone(单独的)-lonely(孤独的;荒凉的)、 dead-deadly等; (7)“名词+-n/-ian”,如:America-American、Russia-Russian等; (8)“名词+-al”,如:nation-national、 person-personal等; (9)特殊结构,如:wool-woolen、 heat-hot、 die-dead、 China-Chinese、 Japan-Japanese等。 2.副词的主要构成形式 (1)在“形容词后加-ly”构成,如:usual-usually, wide-widely, real-really等;而以-y结尾的形容词变y为i再加-ly,如:happy-happily, heavy-heavily等。 (2)以“-ful结尾的形容词后加ly”构成,如:careful-carefully, beautiful-beautifully等; (3)“名词+-ly”,如:part(部分)-partly(部分地)等; 易混易错 friendly、 lonely、 lively、 lovely、 deadly、 likely等以-ly 结尾的词是形容词,而不是副词。 有些词的词尾有无-ly,词义是截然不同的。如:hard(努力地;硬的)/hardly(几乎不),late(迟)/lately(近来),near(附近)/nearly(几乎),most(最)/mostly(大部分)等。另外,常见的副词与形容词同形的有hard、 late、 fast、 high、 early、 little等。 【考向2】常见的易混形容词辨析 1.含-ed形式和-ing形式的形容词是有区别的。形容词的-ed形式意为“感到……的”,往往用来修饰人,主语往往是人;形容词的-ing形式,意为“令人……的”,往往用来修饰物,主语往往是物。例如:interesting(有趣的)/ interested(感兴趣的)、 relaxing(令人放松的)/relaxed(放松的)、 surprising(令人吃惊的)/surprised(感到吃惊的)、 exciting(使人激动的)/excited(激动的)、 moving(令人感动的)/ moved(感动的)、 frightening(令人恐惧的)/frightened(感到害怕的)等。 2. 注重常考形容词的归类 (1)描述外貌特征:fat、 thin、 slim、 tall、 short、 strong、 weak、 good-looking、 beautiful、 pretty、 overweight (超重的)等。 (2)描写性格品质:shy、 lazy、 kind、 friendly、 helpful、 outgoing、 brave、 active、 patient、 smart、 strict、 honest、 energetic等。 (3)描写人的情感、状态:angry、 sad、 busy、 sorry、 excited、 tired、 happy、 thirsty、 worried、 hungry、 proud等。 【考向3】常见的易混副词 1.常见副词的种类 时间副词 ago、 before、 already、 just、 now、 early、 late、 finally、 tomorrow、 once、 soon 地点副词 here、 there、 near、 around、 in、 out、 up、 down、 back、 away、 outside、 somewhere 方式副词 carefully、 angrily、 badly、 calmly、 loudly、 quickly、 politely、 nervously 程度副词 very、 much、 greatly、 a bit、 a little、 so、 almost、 nearly、 also、 even、 just、 well 频度副词 always、 often、 usually、 sometimes、 never、 seldom 疑问副词 where、 when、 why、 how 关系副词 when、 where、 why 2.频度副词的辨析 (1)频度副词的频率 always总是 >usually 通常>often 常常>sometimes有时>seldom很少>never从不 (2)频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词在句子中的位置有着共同的特点:一般放在系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后,或行为动词之前,即“行之前,系助后”。例如: He always comes to school on time. He's never late. 他总是按时到校,从不迟到。 【考向4】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er, -est fast/faster/fastest, new/newer/newest 以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r, -st late/later/latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,变y为i,再加-er, -est easy/easier/easiest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er,-est big/bigger/biggest, thin/thinner/thinnest (续表) 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most beautiful/more beautiful/most beautiful 小贴士: 比较等级要变化,词尾一般加er(est);词尾若有哑音e,直接加-r(st)就可以; 一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写;辅音字母加个y,要把y来变为i。 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 little less least far farther (further) farthest (furthest) many (much) more most good (well) better best bad (badly) / ill worse worst old older (elder) oldest (eldest) 小贴士: “不规则”中找规则,比较级和最高级特殊变:一“少”“远”,二“多”“好”, 三“病”“坏”, 四变“老”。 【考向5】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1. 比较级常用结构 结构 含义 例句 比较级＋than 比·····更 The weather here is hotter than that in Yunnan.这里的天气比云南的更热。 Tom is hard-working. I work much harder than him.汤姆工作努力，我比他工作更加努力。 比较级+and+比较级 越来越 It's getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和。 the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... 越····， 就越······ The more you read English, the better you will be at it.你读英语读得越多，你就会越擅长英语。 Which/What/Who...＋比较级，A or B？ 哪一个／什么／谁更·····，A还是B？ Who plays tennis better, Mike or Sam？谁网球打得更好，迈克还是萨姆？ “much/a lot/far; even; a little／a bit＋比较级”，用于加强语气 ······得多； 甚至更······;更······一点 High-speed trains run much faster than normal trains.高铁比普通列车行驶得快得多。 the＋比较级＋of the two... 两者中较······的那一个 Anne is the taller of the two girls.安妮是这两个女孩中较高的那个。 2.最高级常用结构 结构 含义 例句 the＋最高级 （＋单数名词） +in/of... ......中最······的 Jim is the tallest ( student) in his class.吉姆是班上最高的。 I jump ( the)farthest of all the students in our class.我是我们班跳得最远的。 one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数＋in/of... 最······的·····之一 Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。 the＋序数词＋形容词最高级 第几最······ The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 3.表示两者在某一方面相同或一方在某方面不如另一方时，用“as+形容词或副词原级＋as”或“not as／so＋形容词或副词原级＋as”来表达。如： I think science is as important as math.我认为科学同数学一样重要。 Tom runs as fast as Jack.汤姆跑得和杰克一样快。 I can't type as/so fast as my brother.我打字不如我弟弟快。 随堂精练 基础题组 一．用所给词的适当形式填空 1.　 　(lucky), the accident was not serious!  2.The nurse is very 　 　(friend) to these patients.  3.The weather report says it will be 　 　(cloud) tomorrow.  4.My sister looked 　 　(happy) because I broke her favorite cup.  5.We hope your baby grows 　 　(healthy) and 　 　 (happy).  6.Watch 　 　(careful), and you will find the differences between the two pictures.  7.Of the two shirts, I think the blue one is much 　 　(beautiful).  8.In China, red is the 　 　(popular) color, especially during some festivals.  9.Who is the 　 　(good) basketball player in your class?  10.Of the winters in recent years, it is said that last winter was the 　 　(cold) one.  11.What a　 　(sun) day it is! Let's go camping.   12.He was just falling 　 　(sleep) when there was a loud knock at the door.  13.The house next to the street is very 　 　(noise).We don't want to live there.  14.His grandfather has been　 　(die) for five years.   15.Don't play soccer in the street.It's　 　 (danger).  16.He put on his coat and went out　 　(quick).  17.Be careful, or you won't work out the physics problem　 　(successful).  18.I am 　 　 (real) in love with this movie.  19.It was a silent night.The moon shone 　 　(bright) through the window.  20.Oh, no! The road is 　 　 (most) covered with snow.Let's not drive today.  1.Luckily　2.friendly　3.cloudy　4.unhappy　5.healthily happily　6.carefully　7.more beautiful 　8.most popular9.best　10.coldest 　11.sunny　12.asleep　13.noisy　14.dead　15.dangerous　16.quickly　17.successfully　18.really　19.brightly　20.mostly 提升题组 一．单项选择 1.The ________ we look after our environment, the ________ our world will be. A．most carefully; most beautiful B．more carefully; more beautifully C．more careful; more beautiful D．more carefully; more beautiful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们越仔细地保护我们的环境，我们的世界就会越美丽。 考查比较级结构。本句是“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”，排除A；第一空修饰动词短语，故应用副词carefully，排除选项C；根据“our world will be”可知，第二空作表语，应用形容词。故选D。 2.Many people think eating at home is ________ than eating in the restaurant. A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多人认为在家吃饭比在餐馆吃饭更健康。 考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，应使用形容词比较级，故选B。 3.Travelling by train is slower than by plane. But it’s ________ than by plane. A．interesting B．less interesting C．more interesting D．most interesting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：乘火车旅行比乘飞机慢。但它比坐飞机更有趣。 考查形容词比较级。interesting有趣的，原形；less interesting不那么有趣；more interesting更有趣的；most interesting最有趣的。根据“than”可知此处用比较级，排除AD；根据“Travelling by train is slower than by plane. But it’s...than by plane”可知虽然火车比较慢，但是它更有趣。故选C。 4.We will have a field trip this afternoon. The news makes everyone __________. A．excited B．frightened C．happily D．luckily 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今天下午我们将进行一次实地考察旅行。这个消息使大家都很兴奋。 考查形容词副词辨析。excited激动的，形容词；frightened害怕的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词；luckily幸运地，副词。根据“The news makes everyone...”可知，“make sb. adj.”表示“使某人……”，排除C、D项；再根据“We will have a field trip this afternoon.”可知下午将去实地考查，大家听到这个消息应该是“激动的”。故选A。 5.This street is much ________ than that one. A．wide B．wider C．widest D．the widest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条街比那条街宽得多。 考查比较级。wide宽的,形容词原型；wider更宽的，形容词比较级；widest最宽的，形容词最高级；the widest最宽的，形容词最高级。根据句意理解及句中的than可知，这里应该用比较级的形式，表示两者之间的比较，故选B。 二．正确形式填空 1.Follow these tips， and you can enjoy your summer 　　　　.(safe)  答案　safely　考查副词。设空处修饰前面的动词enjoy， 应为副词，故填safely。 2.Although I’ve met her only once or t　　　， I can tell that she has a strong personality.  答案　twice　考查副词。根据空前的once“一次”和并列连词or可知，此处也是次数，结合首字母提示可知，空处填twice。 3.With the help of the map， students found their way to the park 　　　(容易地).  答案　easily　考查副词的用法。用副词修饰动词found，故填easily。 4.Audiobooks(有声读物) are so welcome that the number of the listeners is increasing 　　　　　　(rapid).  答案　rapidly　考查副词的用法。根据空格前的increasing可知设空处应用提示词的副词形式，故填rapidly。 5.I can’t speak too 　　　　　(high) of the beauty of Yangzhou， especially in spring.  答案　highly　句意:我对扬州的美再怎么赞美也不为过，尤其是在春天。此空修饰动词speak，应该用high的副词形式highly。故填highly。 6.Humans should always learn how to live 　　　　　(peace) with other living things together.   答案　peacefully　此处修饰动词live用副词peacefully，故填peacefully。 7.　　　　　(luck)， her family members were all fine after the flood.  答案　Luckily　根据“her family members were all fine after the flood”可知，她的家庭成员在洪灾过后都没事，这是一件幸运的事情，此处应该用副词修饰整个句子。luck“运气”，名词，其副词形式是luckily，指“幸运地”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 8.Some people think such a problem should be dealt with 　　　　　.(peace)  答案　peacefully　根据“such a problem should be dealt with”可知，此空应填副词，用来修饰动词。“peace”和平是名词，其副词形式是peacefully。故填peacefully。 9.What we need is reasonable advice rather than 　　　　　complaints. (useful)  答案　useless　此处指无用的抱怨，应填useful的反义词，故填useless。 10.Many people like to make snowmen on 　　　　　(snow) days.  答案　snowy　此空填形容词作定语修饰名词days。snowy表示“下雪的”，故填snowy。 三．语篇填空 　　Ugly caterpillars(毛毛虫) can become 1.　　　　　(beauty) butterflies. It’s a fact， of course. But have you 2.　　　　　(曾经) seen the process? Wu Jiayu， 13， from Nanjing has! He has seen the transformation(转变) of dozens of caterpillars since he started to raise them in Grade Four.   There are four stages(阶段) of butterflies’ growth: egg， larva(幼虫) or caterpillar， chrysalis(蛹) and butterfly. Wu starts to raise them from the larva stage. He usually puts 10 caterpillars together into a plastic box and feeds them a branch(枝) of leaves once a day. He also cleans their waste 3.　　　　　(careful) once a day.  After about a month， the caterpillars become chrysalises. At this point， they don’t need any food or water. The key is to leave them 4.a　　　　. After another month， 5.　　　　(excite) stage comes—emergence(羽化)!  The emergence happens very 6.q　　　　　—within one minute to ten minutes. Wu was 7.　　　　　(幸运) enough to have witnessed the moment many times. An Asian swallowtail butterfly(燕尾蝶) even emerged on his fingers! “It climbed out to find a place. I wanted to put it back into the box. However， it suddenly climbed onto my fingers，” he said. “I saw its wings spread in just about one minute. I was so8.　　　　　(surprise).”  However， not all chrysalises can become butterflies 9.　　　　　(smooth). Once， Wu saw a chrysalis that could not spread its wings after over 10 minutes of trying. He thought it couldn’t make it. Yet， after a while， it did it!  “I was amazed by the power of life，” he said. “Every butterfly finishes the transformation on its own. It encourages me to be independent and not to give up10.　　　　　(easy).”  1.beautiful　此空用形容词修饰名词butterflies。beauty的形容词为beautiful。 2.ever　表示“曾经”的副词有ever， once，通常ever用于现在完成时，once用于一般过去时。此句使用现在完成时，所以填ever。 3.carefully　此空填副词carefully， 修饰前面的动词cleans，指“仔细地清理”。 4.alone　leave sb. alone指“把某人单独留下;不打扰某人”。根据上文“At this point， they don’t need any food or water.”可知，此处指“不要去打扰它们”。 5.the most exciting　此空应填形容词来修饰名词stage。根据第二段第一句“There are four stages of butterflies’ growth...”可知，此空应填形容词的最高级，指“四个阶段中最令人兴奋的一个阶段”。 6.quickly　根据下文“within one minute to ten minutes”可知，“羽化”的过程很快，此空填副词quickly修饰前面的动词happens。 7.lucky　根据中文提示和前面的动词was可知，此空填形容词lucky。 8.surprised　surprise的形容词形式有两个:surprised形容人的感受，指“(感到)惊讶的”;surprising形容事物的特点，指“令人吃惊的”。此空描述“我”的感受，故填surprised。 9.smoothly　此空填副词修饰become，指“顺利地变成蝴蝶”。 10.easily　此空填副词easily修饰动词短语 “give up”。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$