专题09 语法知识之非谓语动词-2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习与能力提升专练(通用版)

2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题09 语法知识之非谓语动词 非谓语动词的语法功能 所能充当的成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 V-ing形式 现在分词 △ △ △ △ 动名词 △ △ △ △ 不定式（to do） △ △ △ △ △ △ 过去分词(done) △ △ △ △ 注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分 generally speaking一般说来；frankly speaking坦白地说；judging from/by...根据……来判断；considering.../taking...into consideration考虑到……； to tell you the truth说实话；seeing...考虑到……；supposing假设，如果；providing如果；given考虑到，鉴于；provided that如果 非谓语动词的形式变化 非谓语 形式 构成 时态 语态 复合结构 否定式 主动 被动 不定式 一般式 to do to be done for sb. to do sth. 或 of sb. to do sth. 在“to”前加not 或never 进行式 to have done to have been done 完成式 to be doing / 完成 进行式 to have been doing / 动名词 一般式 doing being done sb.或sb’s doing 作主语要用 sb’s doing 在前加not 特别注意复合结构的否定式： sb’s not doing sb’s not having done 完成式 having done having been done 现在分词 与动名词变化形式相同 在前加not 在解非谓语习题时同学们遇到最大的困难有两个：一是如何判别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；二是如何选用哪一种非谓语动词及其恰当的形式。非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。如：他明天来拜访你。翻译成英语不是He will come visit you，而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了不定式to visit。因此同学们要特别注意弄清句子的结构。 例：Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time. A. to stand B. standing C. stood D. would stand【分析：stood是与sat并列的谓语。】 非谓语语法功能的比较 做宾语的非谓语动词比较 情况 常用动词 只接不定式 做宾语的动词 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen 只接动名词 做宾语的动词或短语 mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to 两者都可以 意义基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为） need, want, require（主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式） 意义相反 stop to do 停止手中所做的事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 意义不同 remember/forget/regret to do（指动作尚未发生） remember/forget/regret doing（指动作已经发生） go on to do（接着做另外一件事） go on doing（接着做同一件事） try to do（设法，努力去做，尽力） try doing（试试去做，看有何结果） mean to do（打算做，企图做） mean doing （意思是，意味着） can’t help （to） do（不能帮忙做） can’t help doing（忍不住要做） be considered to have done被认为已经做了 consider…to be认为是 consider doing考虑做某事 非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别 分 类 常见动词 与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念 例 句 不定式 ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage 主谓关系，强调动作将发生或已经完成 I asked to be sent to the countryside. I heard him call me several times. have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make 现在分词 notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel 主谓关系，强调动作正在进行，尚未完成 I found her listening to the radio. 过去分词 动宾关系，动作已经完成，多强调状态 We found the village greatly changed. IV. 非谓语动词做定语的区别 分 类 区 别 例 句 不定式 与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生 I have a lot of papers to type. I have a lot of papers to be typed. I haven’t decided which hotel to stay at.(介词at不能丢) 动名词 通常指被修饰词的用途，无逻辑上的主谓关系 Shall we go to the swimming pool? 现在分词 与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生 the boiling water / the boiled water the developing country/the developed country the falling leaves/the fallen leaves 过去分词 与被修饰词之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，现已经完成或只表示状态 注意：the bridge to be built 将建造的桥, the bridge being built 正在建造的桥,the bridge built已经建好的桥 一、单项选择 1．— Why was he fined? — He happened to ________ several flowers in the park. A．see to pick B．be seeing picking C．be seen to pick D．see picking 2．It is generally accepted that Chinese were the earliest _______ football while the Europeans established the modern rules for football. A．played B．playing C．to play D．having played 3．He hurried to the station, ________ the 9:30 train had already left. A．only to tell B．told C．to tell D．only to be told 4．He ran all the way up to the station ________ that the train had left fifteen minutes before. A．in order to tell B．so as to tell C．only to be told D．only to tell 5．I’m afraid that I can’t attend my brother’s wedding party ________ next weekend. A．is to be held B．being held C．held D．to be held 6．All the Chinese people are expecting the government's four-thousand-billion financial plan________ around the country, intended to improve the current economic situation. A．carried out B．being carried out C．having been carried out D．to be carried out 7．________ is reported in the news, Harrison has been arrested, who is said ________ his neighbour. A．Which; had harmed B．What; to have harmed C．As; to have harmed D．As; to be harmed 8．The newly discovered ruins, ________ back to ancient times, are believed ________ secrets that could rewrite history. A．dating; holding B．dating; to hold C．dated; to hold D．dated; holding 9．As we all know, if ________ full use of ________ our academic performance, every minute will be meaningful and worthwhile to us students. A．made; improving B．making; to improve C．made; to improve D．making; improving 10．The new policy provides an excellent opportunity for young entrepreneurs ________ their talents and bring their innovative ideas to life in the highly competitive market. A．to showcase B．showcasing C．showcased D．showcases 11．After ________ by the heavy flood, Henan province experienced serious damage to its scenic spots, many tourists ________ in the disaster region. A．struck, were trapped B．being struck, trapped C．being struck, having been trapped D．having been struck; were trapped 12．At the beginning of the class, the noise of desks ________ could be heard outside the classroom. A．opened and closed B．to be opened and closed C．being opened and closed D．opening and closing 13．The union and management are having such a difficult time ______ on a contract for the coming year that the workers may go on strike. A．agreeing B．as to agree C．for agreeing D．to agree 14．You can’t imagine the difficulty the single mother had_____________ her three children. A．to bring up B．bringing up C．bring up D．brought up 15．Most parents said there were significant differences in their approach ________ their children compared with ________  of their parents. A．to educating; that B．to educate; one C．to educate; that D．to educating; those 16．What worried the child most was ______ to visit his brother in hospital. A．his not being allowed B．his not allowing C．his being not allowed D．having not been allowed 17．I never regretted ________ the offer ________ by my former employer, as it wasn’t aligned with my career goals. A．rejecting; making B．having rejected; made C．rejected; having made D．having rejected; making 18．_______ in the sunshine made me warm and relaxed. A．Bathing B．Bathed C．Being bathed D．Having bathed 19．The scientists, __________ to __________ Mars, found no sign of life there. A．committing; exploring B．committing; explore C．committed; explore D．committed; exploring 20．________ the difficult math problem for hours, he eventually found a perfect solution. A．Having struggled with B．Struggling with C．Struggled with D．To struggle with 21．________ people shouting downstairs, Jack came down and saw an injured man ________ on the floor, unconscious. A．Heard; lying B．Heard; lie C．Hearing; lying D．Hearing; lie 22．The new school library, ________ recycled materials ________ by environmental groups, has become a model for green construction. A．used; donating B．using; donated C．used; donated D．using; donating 23．They finished the project ahead of time, ________ all challenges successfully many times. A．overcoming B．to overcome C．overcame D．having overcome 24．---Come on. Please give me some ideas about the project. ---Sorry. With so much work ________ my mind, I almost break down. A．filled B．to fill C．filling D．being filled 25．The professor ______ the lecture on climate change will be speaking at the international conference next week. A．gave B．giving C．given D．gives 26．_______ good preparations for the coming exam, Lucy believes that she can pass it without question. A．Having made B．Made C．Making D．To make 27．The hall, ______200 meters long and 100 meters wide, needs ______ to welcome the arrival of the new president. A．measured; to be decorated B．measured; to decorate C．measuring; decorating D．measuring; being decorated 28．______ back to the Qing Dynasty, the ancient bridge ______ at present will be put into use next month. A．Dated; repaired B．Dating; repaired C．Dated; being repaired D．Dating; being repaired 29．________ in ways few colleagues could match, the physician maintained 24-hour emergency services throughout the pandemic, making her clinic a shelter for vulnerable families. A．Respected B．Dedicated C．Armed D．Concerned 30．When we finally reached the service desk, we heard it ______ that there were no audio guides left. A．announced B．announcing C．to announce D．is announced 31．Unable to get the computer ________ to the Wi-Fi, the novice technician was in such a panic, with an ________ expression on his face. A．connecting; embarrassed B．connecting; embarrassing C．connected; embarrassed D．connected; embarrassing 32．____________ with a difficult situation, the young man walked slowly into the room, glanced around nervously, and finally ____________ a deep breath before starting his speech. A．Facing; took B．Facing; taking C．Faced; taking D．Faced; took 33．________ in 1933, Bashu Secondary School has been widely praised by the masses for its outstanding teaching achievements and innovative education concepts. A．Founded B．Found C．Having founded D．Founding 34．She graduated from Tsinghua University with the National Scholarship, the highest honor ________ to top students. A．awarding B．having awarded C．to award D．awarded 35．—Who would you like to recommend as chairperson of our research institute? —Anyone ______with open mind and rich knowledge. A．who equips B．equipped C．is equipped D．equipping 36． in the wonderful world of words, students will increase their vocabulary and improve their reading ability. A．Being involved B．Involved C．Having involved D．Involving 37．Although first _______ almost 200 years ago, the novels of Jane Austin have remained popular around the world. A．publishing B．being published C．published D．was published 38．He preferred returning to his hometown after graduation _______ in a big city. A．to stay B．be staying C．to staying D．be stayed 39．I was surprised ________ him ________ away other’s pen without asking for permission. A．seeing; took B．to see; taken C．seeing; taking D．to see; take 40．It took Ms. Smith a long time to get used ________ the chopsticks. A．use B．using C．to using D．to use 41．Researchers had to __________ the experimental protocol to accommodate the unexpected variables that arose during the initial trials. A．modify B．mutual C．missile D．moist 42．Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared 　　　the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 43．Not only , but his wallet yesterday. A．did he fall over; he had; stolen B．he fell over; did he have; stolen C．did he fall over; he had; being stolen D．he fell over; did he have; being stolen 44．We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher ______ the experiment. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 45．The young man couldn’t imagine the trouble his grandfather had _________ on the Internet. A．chatting B．to chat C．chatted D．chat 46．I must spend the holiday ______ several English movies. A．watch B．watches C．is watching D．watching 47．________ hard isn’t always fun, but I’II________ for university or whatever else comes in the future. A．Studying, preparing well B．Study, be well prepared C．Studying, be well prepared D．Study, be preparing well 48．________, hopefully, we will be able to complete this project in advance. A．More time and money given B．If more time and money given C．More time and money giving D．Giving more time and money 49．No agreement __________, the representatives wanted another round of talk to settle down the conflicts. A．reaching B．reached C．to reach D．to be reached 50．All factors ______ into account, your plan seems to be more reliable. A．are taken B．being taken C．taken D．taking 51．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, there we ________ a splendid view of the lake. A．enjoyed B．to enjoy C．were enjoying D．enjoying 52．After ________ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ______ in the disaster region. A．surrounded; being trapped B．being surrounded; trapped C．surrounded; having been trapped D．having been surrounded; were trapped 53．The summer season ________, enthusiastic swimmers and surfers have been eager to go back to wherever there is water. A．begins B．began C．beginning D．has begun 54．After ____ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ____ in the disaster region. A．surrounded; were trapped B．being surrounded; trapped C．surrounded; having been trapped D．having been surrounded; were trapped 55．The puppies barking merrily, the leaves smiling warmly and the wind ______ softly, why not enjoy a bit of fun in this very moments? A．whispering B．whispered C．to whisper D．whispers 56．We’ll start tomorrow, weather ________. A．permitted B．permits C．permitting D．will permit 57．________, the students are busy preparing for it. A．With the exam is coming B．With the exam approaching C．As the exam to come D．As the exam approaching 58．With all her time _________ experiments, she has no time for entertainment. A．spent doing B．spent to do C．spending to do D．is spent doing 59．He had to walk home with his wallet ________. A．stole B．stolen C．stealing D．to steal 60．With two years ________ from the opening ceremony of the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, organizers revealed “Ouvrons Grand Les Jeux”, meaning “Games Wide Open”. A．went B．going C．to go D．gone 61． only 1000 meters to go, he picked up his confidence and went all out to catch up. A．As B．When C．With D．For 62．Mr. Green came into the lab, with a group of students ________ him. A．to follow B．followed C．following D．being followed 63．With my high school life ______, I feel a little anxious right now. A．is beginning B．begins C．will begin D．beginning 64．______ the prices of oil ______, many people have chosen to take public transport. A．With; going up B．With; gone up C．As; going up D．As; gone up 65．With a villager ________ the way, we had no trouble ________ the old temple. A．leading; to find B．leading; finding C．led; to find D．led; finding 二、阅读理解 1 A visit to the Pacific Science Center offers students of all ages across Washington state an unforgettable opportunity to explore marine (海洋) science through hands-on exhibits, interactive programs, and live shows. Designed to agree with school courses, these experiences will develop students’ interest in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) fields and inspire lifelong learning. Who Can Apply? Schools and organizations that meet one or more of these requirements are able to get discounted field trip rates, including public/ private schools, homeschool groups, daycare centers and community organizations. Schools with 40% or more students taking part in free/reduced lunch programs may receive full discounts. Contact the Field Trips team via email for details. Field Trip Pricing (Per Person) Category Admission Fee Activity Fee Student $10 $4 Guardian (1:6) $5 Free Extra Guardian (Above more than 1:6 adults to youth ratio) $18 $4 Extra Experiences In addition to admission to the Science Center, PacSci offers extra experiences to enhance your learning and support your curriculum, including IMAX Movies and Daytime Laser Show. Behavior & Safety Students must stay with guardians to be safe at all times, follow posted rules strictly, and avoid touching restricted equipment. Food, drinks, and large bags are prohibited in exhibits to prevent accidents or damage. Guardians must provide emergency contacts with updated medical details for all participants. 66．What is the main goal of the visit? A．To provide fun activities for students. B．To encourage students to keep learning. C．To organize competitions between schools. D．To teach students facts about marine science. 67．If a group has 2 guardians and 12 students, how much should they pay? A．$94. B．$128. C．$178. D．$190. 68．What must students do for their safety? A．Stay alone when allowed. B．Strictly observe related rules. C．Feel free to test whatever equipment. D．Take daily necessities anytime anywhere. 2 A storm surge (风暴潮) is a raised sea brought by tropical cyclones (热带气旋), also known as typhoons or hurricanes. These powerful storms produce strong winds that push the water into shore (岸), often causing flooding. A storm surge is mainly caused by the relationship between the winds and the ocean’s surface. The water rises where the winds are strongest. In addition, water is pushed in the direction the winds are blowing. The rotation (自转) of the Earth causes winds to move toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) and toward the left in the Southern Hemisphere. If a cyclone develops in the Northern Hemisphere, the surge will be the largest in the right-forward part of the storm. In the Southern Hemisphere, the surge will be the largest in the left-forward part. Atmospheric pressure also plays a key role. In a cyclone the central pressure is lower than at its. edges. This pushes down the water in the outer parts of the storm, causing the water to rise in the center. More factors contribute to the strength of a storm surge as it comes to the coast. The water can reach as high as 10 meters if the storm surge happens at the same time as high tide. The coast’s slope (坡度) matters too shallow coasts flood more easily. The storm surges are a serious danger for coastal areas. They typically form in late summer when ocean temperatures are highest, providing the energy needed for cyclone development. Historically, storm surges have caused terrible losses. For example, the 1900 Hurricane Katrina in the U. S. claimed over 6,000 lives, while the 1970 Bhola Cyclone in Bangladesh resulted in about 500,000 deaths. Today, improvements in forecasting (预报) and warning help reduce damage done by a storm surge. Information about surges like speeds, heights and paths are provided, allowing communities to prepare and leave. Coastal communities can protect themselves against storm surges by protecting local wetlands, which can take in the water and the energy of storm surges. But unfortunately they have made way for the city development. 69．What is a main cause of storm surges? A．Heavy rainfall during cyclones. B．Strong winds pushing seawater ashore. C．Sudden rises of central pressure. D．Earth’s rotation redirecting the winds. 70．Where is a storm surge the largest in the Northern Hemisphere? A．Center of the cyclone. B．Coastal areas with wetlands. C．Right-forward part of the storm. D．Left-forward part of the cyclone. 71．Why does the text mention Hurricane Katrina and Bhola Cyclone? A．To show the increased cyclone frequency. B．To compare storm surges in two hemispheres. C．To explain the economic benefits of wetlands. D．To stress the damaging effects of storm surges. 72．What will the passage probably talk about next? A．Methods to forecast cyclone paths. B．Case studies of recent storm surges. C．Climate change’s impact on cyclones. D．Strategies to protect coastal wetlands. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My favorite food is tiramisu, a classic Italian dessert 73 (know) for its rich flavor and texture. I first tried it about two years ago, 74 I visited a bakery with my parents. Each spoonful of this amazing dessert is a light, creamy experience to remember. There are three layers of the cake and the cheese is between the layers, 75 (make) the dessert feel soft and smooth. There is also a bitter taste of coffee, 76 this flavor is not very strong. Tiramisu does not look very attractive — it’s brown, because of the coffee and dark chocolate, 77 it’s white, because of the cream and cheese — but all these ingredients make it taste delicious! Since I tried it for the first time, tiramisu 78 (become) my favorite dessert. I have also learnt that the name tiramisu means “cheer me up” in Italian and 79 there have been efforts to have tiramisu 80 (recognize) as part of Italy’s cultural heritage due to 81 (globe) popularity. Whenever I feel unhappy, I eat this dessert and it does make me feel 82 (good). 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题09 语法知识之非谓语动词 非谓语动词的语法功能 所能充当的成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 V-ing形式 现在分词 △ △ △ △ 动名词 △ △ △ △ 不定式（to do） △ △ △ △ △ △ 过去分词(done) △ △ △ △ 注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分 generally speaking一般说来；frankly speaking坦白地说；judging from/by...根据……来判断；considering.../taking...into consideration考虑到……； to tell you the truth说实话；seeing...考虑到……；supposing假设，如果；providing如果；given考虑到，鉴于；provided that如果 非谓语动词的形式变化 非谓语 形式 构成 时态 语态 复合结构 否定式 主动 被动 不定式 一般式 to do to be done for sb. to do sth. 或 of sb. to do sth. 在“to”前加not 或never 进行式 to have done to have been done 完成式 to be doing / 完成 进行式 to have been doing / 动名词 一般式 doing being done sb.或sb’s doing 作主语要用 sb’s doing 在前加not 特别注意复合结构的否定式： sb’s not doing sb’s not having done 完成式 having done having been done 现在分词 与动名词变化形式相同 在前加not 在解非谓语习题时同学们遇到最大的困难有两个：一是如何判别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；二是如何选用哪一种非谓语动词及其恰当的形式。非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。如：他明天来拜访你。翻译成英语不是He will come visit you，而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了不定式to visit。因此同学们要特别注意弄清句子的结构。 例：Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time. A. to stand B. standing C. stood D. would stand【分析：stood是与sat并列的谓语。】 非谓语语法功能的比较 做宾语的非谓语动词比较 情况 常用动词 只接不定式 做宾语的动词 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen 只接动名词 做宾语的动词或短语 mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to 两者都可以 意义基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为） need, want, require（主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式） 意义相反 stop to do 停止手中所做的事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 意义不同 remember/forget/regret to do（指动作尚未发生） remember/forget/regret doing（指动作已经发生） go on to do（接着做另外一件事） go on doing（接着做同一件事） try to do（设法，努力去做，尽力） try doing（试试去做，看有何结果） mean to do（打算做，企图做） mean doing （意思是，意味着） can’t help （to） do（不能帮忙做） can’t help doing（忍不住要做） be considered to have done被认为已经做了 consider…to be认为是 consider doing考虑做某事 非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别 分 类 常见动词 与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念 例 句 不定式 ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage 主谓关系，强调动作将发生或已经完成 I asked to be sent to the countryside. I heard him call me several times. have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make 现在分词 notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel 主谓关系，强调动作正在进行，尚未完成 I found her listening to the radio. 过去分词 动宾关系，动作已经完成，多强调状态 We found the village greatly changed. IV. 非谓语动词做定语的区别 分 类 区 别 例 句 不定式 与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生 I have a lot of papers to type. I have a lot of papers to be typed. I haven’t decided which hotel to stay at.(介词at不能丢) 动名词 通常指被修饰词的用途，无逻辑上的主谓关系 Shall we go to the swimming pool? 现在分词 与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生 the boiling water / the boiled water the developing country/the developed country the falling leaves/the fallen leaves 过去分词 与被修饰词之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，现已经完成或只表示状态 注意：the bridge to be built 将建造的桥, the bridge being built 正在建造的桥,the bridge built已经建好的桥 一、单项选择 1．— Why was he fined? — He happened to ________ several flowers in the park. A．see to pick B．be seeing picking C．be seen to pick D．see picking 2．It is generally accepted that Chinese were the earliest _______ football while the Europeans established the modern rules for football. A．played B．playing C．to play D．having played 3．He hurried to the station, ________ the 9:30 train had already left. A．only to tell B．told C．to tell D．only to be told 4．He ran all the way up to the station ________ that the train had left fifteen minutes before. A．in order to tell B．so as to tell C．only to be told D．only to tell 5．I’m afraid that I can’t attend my brother’s wedding party ________ next weekend. A．is to be held B．being held C．held D．to be held 6．All the Chinese people are expecting the government's four-thousand-billion financial plan________ around the country, intended to improve the current economic situation. A．carried out B．being carried out C．having been carried out D．to be carried out 7．________ is reported in the news, Harrison has been arrested, who is said ________ his neighbour. A．Which; had harmed B．What; to have harmed C．As; to have harmed D．As; to be harmed 8．The newly discovered ruins, ________ back to ancient times, are believed ________ secrets that could rewrite history. A．dating; holding B．dating; to hold C．dated; to hold D．dated; holding 9．As we all know, if ________ full use of ________ our academic performance, every minute will be meaningful and worthwhile to us students. A．made; improving B．making; to improve C．made; to improve D．making; improving 10．The new policy provides an excellent opportunity for young entrepreneurs ________ their talents and bring their innovative ideas to life in the highly competitive market. A．to showcase B．showcasing C．showcased D．showcases 11．After ________ by the heavy flood, Henan province experienced serious damage to its scenic spots, many tourists ________ in the disaster region. A．struck, were trapped B．being struck, trapped C．being struck, having been trapped D．having been struck; were trapped 12．At the beginning of the class, the noise of desks ________ could be heard outside the classroom. A．opened and closed B．to be opened and closed C．being opened and closed D．opening and closing 13．The union and management are having such a difficult time ______ on a contract for the coming year that the workers may go on strike. A．agreeing B．as to agree C．for agreeing D．to agree 14．You can’t imagine the difficulty the single mother had_____________ her three children. A．to bring up B．bringing up C．bring up D．brought up 15．Most parents said there were significant differences in their approach ________ their children compared with ________  of their parents. A．to educating; that B．to educate; one C．to educate; that D．to educating; those 16．What worried the child most was ______ to visit his brother in hospital. A．his not being allowed B．his not allowing C．his being not allowed D．having not been allowed 17．I never regretted ________ the offer ________ by my former employer, as it wasn’t aligned with my career goals. A．rejecting; making B．having rejected; made C．rejected; having made D．having rejected; making 18．_______ in the sunshine made me warm and relaxed. A．Bathing B．Bathed C．Being bathed D．Having bathed 19．The scientists, __________ to __________ Mars, found no sign of life there. A．committing; exploring B．committing; explore C．committed; explore D．committed; exploring 20．________ the difficult math problem for hours, he eventually found a perfect solution. A．Having struggled with B．Struggling with C．Struggled with D．To struggle with 21．________ people shouting downstairs, Jack came down and saw an injured man ________ on the floor, unconscious. A．Heard; lying B．Heard; lie C．Hearing; lying D．Hearing; lie 22．The new school library, ________ recycled materials ________ by environmental groups, has become a model for green construction. A．used; donating B．using; donated C．used; donated D．using; donating 23．They finished the project ahead of time, ________ all challenges successfully many times. A．overcoming B．to overcome C．overcame D．having overcome 24．---Come on. Please give me some ideas about the project. ---Sorry. With so much work ________ my mind, I almost break down. A．filled B．to fill C．filling D．being filled 25．The professor ______ the lecture on climate change will be speaking at the international conference next week. A．gave B．giving C．given D．gives 26．_______ good preparations for the coming exam, Lucy believes that she can pass it without question. A．Having made B．Made C．Making D．To make 27．The hall, ______200 meters long and 100 meters wide, needs ______ to welcome the arrival of the new president. A．measured; to be decorated B．measured; to decorate C．measuring; decorating D．measuring; being decorated 28．______ back to the Qing Dynasty, the ancient bridge ______ at present will be put into use next month. A．Dated; repaired B．Dating; repaired C．Dated; being repaired D．Dating; being repaired 29．________ in ways few colleagues could match, the physician maintained 24-hour emergency services throughout the pandemic, making her clinic a shelter for vulnerable families. A．Respected B．Dedicated C．Armed D．Concerned 30．When we finally reached the service desk, we heard it ______ that there were no audio guides left. A．announced B．announcing C．to announce D．is announced 31．Unable to get the computer ________ to the Wi-Fi, the novice technician was in such a panic, with an ________ expression on his face. A．connecting; embarrassed B．connecting; embarrassing C．connected; embarrassed D．connected; embarrassing 32．____________ with a difficult situation, the young man walked slowly into the room, glanced around nervously, and finally ____________ a deep breath before starting his speech. A．Facing; took B．Facing; taking C．Faced; taking D．Faced; took 33．________ in 1933, Bashu Secondary School has been widely praised by the masses for its outstanding teaching achievements and innovative education concepts. A．Founded B．Found C．Having founded D．Founding 34．She graduated from Tsinghua University with the National Scholarship, the highest honor ________ to top students. A．awarding B．having awarded C．to award D．awarded 35．—Who would you like to recommend as chairperson of our research institute? —Anyone ______with open mind and rich knowledge. A．who equips B．equipped C．is equipped D．equipping 36． in the wonderful world of words, students will increase their vocabulary and improve their reading ability. A．Being involved B．Involved C．Having involved D．Involving 37．Although first _______ almost 200 years ago, the novels of Jane Austin have remained popular around the world. A．publishing B．being published C．published D．was published 38．He preferred returning to his hometown after graduation _______ in a big city. A．to stay B．be staying C．to staying D．be stayed 39．I was surprised ________ him ________ away other’s pen without asking for permission. A．seeing; took B．to see; taken C．seeing; taking D．to see; take 40．It took Ms. Smith a long time to get used ________ the chopsticks. A．use B．using C．to using D．to use 41．Researchers had to __________ the experimental protocol to accommodate the unexpected variables that arose during the initial trials. A．modify B．mutual C．missile D．moist 42．Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared 　　　the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 43．Not only , but his wallet yesterday. A．did he fall over; he had; stolen B．he fell over; did he have; stolen C．did he fall over; he had; being stolen D．he fell over; did he have; being stolen 44．We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher ______ the experiment. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 45．The young man couldn’t imagine the trouble his grandfather had _________ on the Internet. A．chatting B．to chat C．chatted D．chat 46．I must spend the holiday ______ several English movies. A．watch B．watches C．is watching D．watching 47．________ hard isn’t always fun, but I’II________ for university or whatever else comes in the future. A．Studying, preparing well B．Study, be well prepared C．Studying, be well prepared D．Study, be preparing well 48．________, hopefully, we will be able to complete this project in advance. A．More time and money given B．If more time and money given C．More time and money giving D．Giving more time and money 49．No agreement __________, the representatives wanted another round of talk to settle down the conflicts. A．reaching B．reached C．to reach D．to be reached 50．All factors ______ into account, your plan seems to be more reliable. A．are taken B．being taken C．taken D．taking 51．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, there we ________ a splendid view of the lake. A．enjoyed B．to enjoy C．were enjoying D．enjoying 52．After ________ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ______ in the disaster region. A．surrounded; being trapped B．being surrounded; trapped C．surrounded; having been trapped D．having been surrounded; were trapped 53．The summer season ________, enthusiastic swimmers and surfers have been eager to go back to wherever there is water. A．begins B．began C．beginning D．has begun 54．After ____ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ____ in the disaster region. A．surrounded; were trapped B．being surrounded; trapped C．surrounded; having been trapped D．having been surrounded; were trapped 55．The puppies barking merrily, the leaves smiling warmly and the wind ______ softly, why not enjoy a bit of fun in this very moments? A．whispering B．whispered C．to whisper D．whispers 56．We’ll start tomorrow, weather ________. A．permitted B．permits C．permitting D．will permit 57．________, the students are busy preparing for it. A．With the exam is coming B．With the exam approaching C．As the exam to come D．As the exam approaching 58．With all her time _________ experiments, she has no time for entertainment. A．spent doing B．spent to do C．spending to do D．is spent doing 59．He had to walk home with his wallet ________. A．stole B．stolen C．stealing D．to steal 60．With two years ________ from the opening ceremony of the 2024 Paris Olympic Games, organizers revealed “Ouvrons Grand Les Jeux”, meaning “Games Wide Open”. A．went B．going C．to go D．gone 61． only 1000 meters to go, he picked up his confidence and went all out to catch up. A．As B．When C．With D．For 62．Mr. Green came into the lab, with a group of students ________ him. A．to follow B．followed C．following D．being followed 63．With my high school life ______, I feel a little anxious right now. A．is beginning B．begins C．will begin D．beginning 64．______ the prices of oil ______, many people have chosen to take public transport. A．With; going up B．With; gone up C．As; going up D．As; gone up 65．With a villager ________ the way, we had no trouble ________ the old temple. A．leading; to find B．leading; finding C．led; to find D．led; finding 二、阅读理解 1 A visit to the Pacific Science Center offers students of all ages across Washington state an unforgettable opportunity to explore marine (海洋) science through hands-on exhibits, interactive programs, and live shows. Designed to agree with school courses, these experiences will develop students’ interest in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) fields and inspire lifelong learning. Who Can Apply? Schools and organizations that meet one or more of these requirements are able to get discounted field trip rates, including public/ private schools, homeschool groups, daycare centers and community organizations. Schools with 40% or more students taking part in free/reduced lunch programs may receive full discounts. Contact the Field Trips team via email for details. Field Trip Pricing (Per Person) Category Admission Fee Activity Fee Student $10 $4 Guardian (1:6) $5 Free Extra Guardian (Above more than 1:6 adults to youth ratio) $18 $4 Extra Experiences In addition to admission to the Science Center, PacSci offers extra experiences to enhance your learning and support your curriculum, including IMAX Movies and Daytime Laser Show. Behavior & Safety Students must stay with guardians to be safe at all times, follow posted rules strictly, and avoid touching restricted equipment. Food, drinks, and large bags are prohibited in exhibits to prevent accidents or damage. Guardians must provide emergency contacts with updated medical details for all participants. 66．What is the main goal of the visit? A．To provide fun activities for students. B．To encourage students to keep learning. C．To organize competitions between schools. D．To teach students facts about marine science. 67．If a group has 2 guardians and 12 students, how much should they pay? A．$94. B．$128. C．$178. D．$190. 68．What must students do for their safety? A．Stay alone when allowed. B．Strictly observe related rules. C．Feel free to test whatever equipment. D．Take daily necessities anytime anywhere. 2 A storm surge (风暴潮) is a raised sea brought by tropical cyclones (热带气旋), also known as typhoons or hurricanes. These powerful storms produce strong winds that push the water into shore (岸), often causing flooding. A storm surge is mainly caused by the relationship between the winds and the ocean’s surface. The water rises where the winds are strongest. In addition, water is pushed in the direction the winds are blowing. The rotation (自转) of the Earth causes winds to move toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) and toward the left in the Southern Hemisphere. If a cyclone develops in the Northern Hemisphere, the surge will be the largest in the right-forward part of the storm. In the Southern Hemisphere, the surge will be the largest in the left-forward part. Atmospheric pressure also plays a key role. In a cyclone the central pressure is lower than at its. edges. This pushes down the water in the outer parts of the storm, causing the water to rise in the center. More factors contribute to the strength of a storm surge as it comes to the coast. The water can reach as high as 10 meters if the storm surge happens at the same time as high tide. The coast’s slope (坡度) matters too shallow coasts flood more easily. The storm surges are a serious danger for coastal areas. They typically form in late summer when ocean temperatures are highest, providing the energy needed for cyclone development. Historically, storm surges have caused terrible losses. For example, the 1900 Hurricane Katrina in the U. S. claimed over 6,000 lives, while the 1970 Bhola Cyclone in Bangladesh resulted in about 500,000 deaths. Today, improvements in forecasting (预报) and warning help reduce damage done by a storm surge. Information about surges like speeds, heights and paths are provided, allowing communities to prepare and leave. Coastal communities can protect themselves against storm surges by protecting local wetlands, which can take in the water and the energy of storm surges. But unfortunately they have made way for the city development. 69．What is a main cause of storm surges? A．Heavy rainfall during cyclones. B．Strong winds pushing seawater ashore. C．Sudden rises of central pressure. D．Earth’s rotation redirecting the winds. 70．Where is a storm surge the largest in the Northern Hemisphere? A．Center of the cyclone. B．Coastal areas with wetlands. C．Right-forward part of the storm. D．Left-forward part of the cyclone. 71．Why does the text mention Hurricane Katrina and Bhola Cyclone? A．To show the increased cyclone frequency. B．To compare storm surges in two hemispheres. C．To explain the economic benefits of wetlands. D．To stress the damaging effects of storm surges. 72．What will the passage probably talk about next? A．Methods to forecast cyclone paths. B．Case studies of recent storm surges. C．Climate change’s impact on cyclones. D．Strategies to protect coastal wetlands. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My favorite food is tiramisu, a classic Italian dessert 73 (know) for its rich flavor and texture. I first tried it about two years ago, 74 I visited a bakery with my parents. Each spoonful of this amazing dessert is a light, creamy experience to remember. There are three layers of the cake and the cheese is between the layers, 75 (make) the dessert feel soft and smooth. There is also a bitter taste of coffee, 76 this flavor is not very strong. Tiramisu does not look very attractive — it’s brown, because of the coffee and dark chocolate, 77 it’s white, because of the cream and cheese — but all these ingredients make it taste delicious! Since I tried it for the first time, tiramisu 78 (become) my favorite dessert. I have also learnt that the name tiramisu means “cheer me up” in Italian and 79 there have been efforts to have tiramisu 80 (recognize) as part of Italy’s cultural heritage due to 81 (globe) popularity. Whenever I feel unhappy, I eat this dessert and it does make me feel 82 (good). 参考答案 一、 1．C 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——他为什么被罚款？——他碰巧被看到在公园里摘了几朵花。 happen to do…是固定搭配，意为“碰巧……”，根据问句中“Why was he fined”可推知，他是碰巧被别人看到在公园摘花才被罚款的，需使用不定式的被动语态to be seen to pick，表示“被看到摘……”。故选C项。 2．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：普遍认为，中国人是最早踢足球的，而欧洲人制定了现代足球规则。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰the earliest，修饰序数词或最高级时，常用不定式作定语，所以此处为动词不定式形式to play。故选C项。 3．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆忙赶到车站，结果却被告知九点半的火车已经开走了。句中有谓语动词hurried to，且句中无连词，因此空格处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知，他匆忙赶到车站后，却得知了一个出乎意料的结果，即九点半的火车已经开走了，因此空格处应用“only to do”结构，表示一种出乎意料或令人不快的结果。同时，由于他是被告知这个消息的，所以应该用被动语态，即“only to be told”。故选D。 4．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他一路跑到车站，却被告知火车15分钟前就开了。in order to和so as to都表示目的，意思是“为了做某事”；而句中表示意想不到的结果，所以用only to do；逻辑主语He与tell之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式。故选C。 5．D 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我恐怕不能参加我哥哥下周末举行的婚礼了。由谓语动词“can’t attend”可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，作后置定语，修饰“wedding party”；根据“next weekend”可知，婚礼将要被举行，应用动词不定式的被动结构。故选D。 6．D 【解析】考查不定式和分词。句意：所有的中国人民都期待政府在全国开展四万亿财政计划，旨在改善当前的经济形势。根据句意，表示“计划将被实施”，carry out作定语，修饰plan，二者之间是被动关系，且表示未发生的动作，故用不定式的被动式，故选D。 7．C 【解析】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：正如新闻所报道的，哈里森已经被捕，据说他伤害了他的邻居。中间的句子为主句，前后的两个句子均为定语从句，as引导非限定性定语从句时，可指代整个主句的内容，可放在句首、句中或句末，意为“正如，正像”，而which”引导的非限定性定语从句不能放在句首，what不能引导定语从句，所以第一空用as；be said to do sth.是固定结构，意为“据说做某事”，根据Harrison has been arrested可知，harm his neighbour这个动作发生在has been arrested之前，所以要用不定式的完成式“to have done”结构，表示动作已经完成，故第二空用to have harmed。故选C项。 8．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：新发现的遗址可以追溯到古代，人们认为其中蕴藏着可以改写历史的秘密。date back to和ruins之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作定语，be believed to do sth“被认为做某事”，所以第二空使用动词不定式形式。故选B。 9．C 【解析】考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意：我们都知道，如果充分利用来提高我们的学习成绩，每一分钟对我们学生来说都是有意义和值得的。make full use of something to do something“利用某物去做某事”是固定搭配，所以第二个空格处用不定式形式作目的状语。根据第一个空格前的从属连词if和选项内容可知，第一个空格处考查条件状语从句的省略，if引导的完整从句应该是if every minute is made full use of to improve our academic performance，从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。故填C项。 10．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：新政策为年轻企业家提供了一个绝佳的机会来展示他们的才华，并在竞争激烈的市场中实现他们的创新想法。provides为句子谓语，空处修饰名词“opportunity”，应用动词不定式作定语，构成provide an opportunity for sb to do sth，含义为“为某人提供做某事的机会”。故选A。 11．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词和独立主格结构。句意：在遭受特大洪水袭击后，河南省的风景名胜区遭受严重破坏，许多游客被困在灾区。第一个空：本句谓语为experienced，此处为非谓语动词，且Henan province与strike“袭击”为被动关系，应用过去分词，且位于After后，所以要用动名词的被动式 being struck ，作宾语。第二个空：many tourists与trap“使陷入困境”之间是被动关系，要用过去分词trapped，与many tourists构成独立主格结构。故选B。 12．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：上课伊始，课桌开关的声音在教室外都能听到。本句谓语为could be heard，此处为非谓语动词，作定语，修饰desks。desks与open和close为被动关系，且动作正在发生，应用现在分词的被动式being opened and closed，作后置定语。故填being opened and closed。 13．A 【解析】考查动名词。句意：工会和资方很难就明年的合同达成一致，工人们可能会罢工。这固定搭配have a difficult time (in) doing sth.，意思是“做……有困难”，动名词作宾语。故选A项。 14．B 【解析】考查非谓语。句意：你无法想象那位单身母亲在养育她的三个孩子时所经历的困难。分析句子可知，the difficulty the single mother had后面省略了in，完整的结构是have difficulty (in) doing sth.，表示“做某事有困难”，这里用动名词形式，所以需用bringing up。故选B项。 15．A 【解析】考查固定搭配和代词。句意：大多数父母表示，与他们自己的父母相比，他们教育孩子的方式有很大的不同。第一空，approach to doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，其中to是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，所以用to educating；第二空处用that指代前面提到的approach，表示同类事物中的特指，而one指代同类事物中的泛指，those指代复数名词，均与语境不符。故选A项。 16．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：让这个孩子最担心的是他不被允许去医院看望他的哥哥。该句中What worried the child most是主语从句，was是系动词，所以此处为非谓语动词作表语，结合句意，此处描述的是抽象，一般性的行为，所以使用动名词形式，结合句意，allow与the child之间是被动关系，所以要用动名词的被动形式being allowed，动名词的否定是在其前加 not，所以being allowed的否定形式是“not being allowed”，his是动名词的逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构“his not being allowed”，表示“他不被允许”。故选A项。 17．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我从不后悔拒绝了我前雇主提供的工作机会，因为它与我的职业目标不一致。表示“后悔做了某事”用regret doing sth.或regret having done sth.，第一空用reject“拒绝”的动名词或动名词的完成式，表示对已经发生的事情感到后悔。第二空：offer与make“提出，给予”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词made，作后置定语，修饰offer。故选B。 18．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：沐浴在阳光下让我感到温暖和放松。“(bathe) in the sunshine”在句中作主语，bathe意为“沐浴”，用动名词形式bathing。故选A项。 19．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：致力于探索火星的科学家们在那里没有发现任何生命迹象。第一空为非谓语动词作后置定语，根据 be committed to意为“致力于”可知，scientists与commit 是被动关系，用过去分词committed作后置定语；第二空位于介词to之后，所以使用动名词形式作宾语。故选D。 20．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这道数学题他苦思冥想了好几个小时，终于找到了一个完美的解答。空处为非谓语动词，struggle with与其逻辑主语he之间为主动关系，结合for hours可知该动作发生在谓语动词found之前，用现在分词的完成式作状语。故选A项。 21．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到楼下有人喊叫，杰克下楼来，看见一个受伤的人躺在地板上，不省人事。两空均作非谓语动词，hear与逻辑主语Jack为主动关系，用现在分词Hearing作状语；第二空为see sb doing sth的用法，表示“看见某人正在做某事”，空处用现在分词形式lying作宾语补足语。故选C项。 22．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：新学校图书馆使用环保组织捐赠的回收材料，已成为绿色建筑的典范。第一空为非谓语，use“使用”和The new school library逻辑上是主动关系，因此用use的现在分词形式，作定语；第二空也是非谓语，作materials的后置定语，donate“捐赠”和materials逻辑上是被动关系，因此用donate的过去分词形式。故选B。 23．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们提前完成了这个项目，已经多次成功克服了所有挑战。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，结合“many times”可知，overcome“克服”的动作发生在谓语动作之前，overcome和They逻辑上是主动关系，因此用overcome的现在分词完成式having overcome，作状语。故选D。 24．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——来吧。请给我一些关于这个项目的建议。——对不起。脑子里塞满了这么多工作，我几乎要崩溃了。“With so much work ________ my mind” 是“with + 宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。这里work和fill之间是主动关系，work 是 fill 这个动作的执行者，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故选C。 25．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：正在做气候变化讲座的教授将在下周的国际会议上发言。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作The professor的后置定语，可排除A项和D项，give和The professor逻辑上是主动关系，动作当时在进行中，因此用give的现在分词形式。故选B。 26．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Lucy已经为即将到来的考试做好了充分的准备，她相信自己毫无疑问能通过考试。make preparations“做准备”。本句已有谓语动词believes，本空用非谓语形式，主语Lucy和动词make是逻辑上的主谓关系，且make这一动作发生在谓语动词believes之前，故用现在分词的完成式having made，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故选A。 27．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为迎接新总统的到来，长200米、宽100米的大厅正在进行装修。measure“量度为……”和hall之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语；need to do sth“需要做某事”，decorate和hall之间是被动关系，此处使用need to be done或need doing。故选C。 28．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到清朝，目前正在修复的这座古桥将于下个月投入使用。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处date back to作状语，与主语the ancient bridge 之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词doing作状语；空2：此处作定语，修饰the ancient bridge ，the ancient bridge 与repair之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语可知，此处应用being done作定语。故选D。 29．B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这位医生以几乎无人能及的奉献精神，在整个疫情期间维持24小时紧急服务，使她的诊所成为弱势家庭的庇护所。A. Respected尊敬；B. Dedicated专注，奉献；C. Armed配备；D. Concerned关心，担忧。根据“maintained 24-hour emergency services throughout the pandemic”可知，在疫情期间持续提供24小时紧急服务，由此可知，此处强调医生的“奉献精神”，所以此处应为动词dedicate与逻辑主语the physician之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式作状语。故选B项。 30．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们最终到达服务台时，我们听到广播说已经没有语音导览器了。空白处在句子中做宾补，使用非谓语动词，又因空白处与逻辑主语it之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，本句中it为形式主语，代替后面“that there were no audio guides left”，故选A项。 31．C 【解析】考查过去分词和形容词词义辨析。句意：由于无法将电脑连接到Wi-Fi，这位技术新手惊慌失措，脸上带着尴尬的表情。第一空，connect为动词，表示“连接”，与“computer”之间为被动关系，表示“让电脑被连接到Wi-Fi”，应用其过去分词形式作宾补；第二空，应用形容词作定语修饰“expression”，embarrassing表示“令人尴尬的”，embarrassed表示“尴尬的”，由句意可知，这位技术新手因无法连上Wi-Fi，所以脸上应该是带着感到尴尬的表情，故应用embarrassed。故选C。 32．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：面对困难的局面，年轻人慢慢地走进房间，紧张地环顾四周，最后深吸了一口气才开始演讲。be faced with“面对”，第一空在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式；第二空为句中并列谓语动词，根据句中动词walked和glanced可知，用一般过去时。故选D。 33．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：巴蜀中学创建于1933年，以卓越的教学成就和创新的教育理念赢得了群众的广泛赞誉。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词 praise，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，found与主句主语Bashu Secondary School之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作状语。故选A。 34．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她以国家奖学金获得者的身份从清华大学毕业，这是授予顶尖学子的最高荣誉。空处是非谓语，作honor的后置定语，award“授予，颁发”和honor逻辑上是被动关系，因此用award的过去分词形式。故选D。 35．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你想推荐谁当我们研究所的主任？——任何思想开放、知识丰富的人。be equipped with“配备有……”，此处使用过去分词短语作定语，修饰Anyone，故选B。 36．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：进入美妙的文字世界中，学生们将增加他们的词汇量并提高他们的阅读能力。“(involve) in the wonderful world of words”作伴随状语，involve(使……参加，加入) 是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语students之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故选B项。 37．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管简・奥斯汀的小说首次出版近 200 年前，但至今仍在全球广受欢迎。此处为让步状语从句的省略形式，省略了“主语+be动词”，publish 与逻辑主语 the novels of Jane Austin 之间为被动关系，因此需用过去分词形式，完整结构为 Although they were first published almost 200 years ago。故选C项。 38．C 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：他宁愿毕业后回家乡也不愿留在大城市。动词短语prefer to doing sth. to doing sth.表示“宁愿做某事也不做某事”，符合句子和句意。故选C。 39．D 【解析】考查动词的固定结构。句意：他未经允许就拿走了别人的钢笔，这使我很吃惊。空1为be surprised to do，意为“惊讶于做某事”，所以空1用不定式；空2为后接省略to的不定式，所以应用动词原形，see sb do，表示看见某事的全过程，see sb doing表示看见某人正在做某事，根据语境，可知空2为take，故选D。 40．C 【解析】考查动词短语和动名词。句意：史密斯女士花了很长时间才习惯使用筷子。get/be used to doing“习惯于做某事”。根据“It took Ms. Smith a long time to ... the chopsticks.”可知，此处指习惯使用筷子，使用get used to using。故选C。 41．A 【解析】考查动词。句意：研究人员不得不修改实验方案，以适应最初试验中出现的意想不到的变量。A. modify动词，修改；B. mutual形容词，相互的；C. missile名词，导弹；D. moist形容词，潮湿的。根据动词短语have to do sth可知，空处应为动词，后接名词短语“the experimental protocol”作宾语；modify为动词，表示“修改”，符合句意。故选A。 42．C 【解析】考查非谓语。句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我准备加入STEAM俱乐部。这里考查prepare to do sth. 表“准备做某事”为固定搭配。故选C。 43．A 【解析】考查部分倒装和have的用法。句意：他昨天不仅摔倒了，钱包也被偷了。分析句子可知，Not only提前放句首时，后面的句子应用部分倒装形式，故空一用部分倒装，排除B，D项； not only...but also...连接的句子，but后句子无需倒装，第三空考查have sth done表“让某事被别人做”，wallet与steal是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A项。 44．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词，句意：我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。根据句意，我们走过教室的这个时间点上,老师正在做实验，此处考查动词短语see sb doing，意为“看见某人正在做某事”，现在分词making作the teacher的补语。故选B项。 45．A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个年轻人无法想象他祖父聊天时遇到的麻烦。动词短语have trouble (in) doing，意为“做……有困难”，为固定搭配；设空处在限制性定语从句中，先行词为trouble，在从句中是had的宾语，设空处应填chatting。故选A项。 46．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我必须在假期里看几部英语电影。spend time (in) doing为固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”。故选D项。 47．C 【解析】考查动名词和固定搭配。句意：努力学习并不总是很有趣，但我会为大学或未来的任何事情做好充分准备。第一空用动名词形式作主语，第二空是固定搭配be well prepared for(为……做好了准备)。故选C项。 48．A 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果给我们更多的时间和金钱，我们有希望能提前完成这个项目。此处是独立主格结构作状语，More time and money和give之间是被动关系，应用“名词+过去分词”结构，B项表述错误，使用状语从句的省略，正确形式是If given more time and money，D项中give和逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，选项错误。故选A。 49．B 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：由于没有达成协议，代表们希望通过新一轮会谈来解决冲突。分析句子结构可知，此处为分词的独立主格结构作状语，且reach与agreement构成被动关系，应用“名词+过去分词”。故选B。 50．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：将所有因素考虑在内，你的计划看起来更加可靠。题干中的主句是“your plan seems to be more reliable”，无连词，且空前有名词，所以此处为独立主格结构， factors与take into account之间存在被动关系，且该动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以此处使用过去分词形式与all factors构成独立主格结构作状语。故选C项。 51．D 【解析】考查独立主格结构和非谓语动词。句意：我和我的朋友走上山顶，在那里我们欣赏到了湖泊的壮丽景色。分析句子可知，“there we _____ a splendid view of the lake”是独立主格结构作状语，enjoy(欣赏)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故选D项。 52．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：河南省被洪水包围后，景区受损严重，灾区不少游客被困。第一空应用动名词作宾语，Henan province和动词surround(包围)是被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态；分析句子结构可知，Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots是主句，句中有谓语，前后无连词，所以many tourists ______ in the disaster region该部分是独立主格结构，主语many tourists和动词trapped是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故选B。 53．C 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：夏季开始了，热情的游泳者和冲浪者都渴望回到有水的地方。句子已有谓语，空处和The summer season构成独立主格结构，作状语，begin“开始”和逻辑主语The summer season之间是主动关系，因此应用begin的现在分词形式。故选C。 54．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在被洪水包围之后，河南省的景点遭受了严重的破坏，许多游客被困在灾区。句中已有谓语动词suffered，且无连词，故空处都应是非谓语形式，第一空：after为介词，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语，Henan province与surround“包围”为被动关系，则使用being done的形式；第二空：tourists与trap“把……困在”为被动关系，则使用过去分词trapped，构成独立主格结构。故选B。 55．A 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：小狗欢快地叫着，树叶亲切地笑着，风儿轻柔地低语着。为何不在这美好的时刻享受一点乐趣呢？the wind ______ softly与The puppies barking merrily，the leaves smiling warmly为并列的三个独立主格结构，在句子中作状语，动词whisper与名词the wind之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，whisper用现在分词形式表主动，故选A。 56．C 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果天气允许，我们明天出发。逗号后为独立主格结构：名词+非谓语动词。且weather与permit“允许”为主动关系，应用现在分词，故选C。 57．B 【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：随着考试临近，学生们正忙着准备。此处为with复合结构作状语，with复合结构，即“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”或“as引导的时间状语从句”，A项with的复合结构中不能出现完整的谓语is coming，排除A项；as引导的时间状语从句需要谓语动词，C项中的to come和D项中的approaching不能作谓语。故选B项。 58．A 【解析】考查with复合结构和动词短语。句意：她把所有的时间都花在做实验上，没有时间娱乐。分析句子可知，句中“With all her time _________ experiments”是“with +宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。然后看宾语“all her time”与宾补之间的关系：“spend”与“time”之间是动宾关系，即“time”是“spend”的宾语，构成“spend time (in) doing sth.”的结构，意思是“花费时间做某事”。这里表示“所有的时间都被花在做实验上”，所以要用过去分词“spent”来表示被动关系，即“with all her time spent”。后面“doing experiments”是“spend time (in) doing sth.”结构中的“doing sth.”部分。故选A项。 59．B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：手机被偷，他不得不走路回家。此处为“with+名词+宾补”构成的with复合结构，wallet与steal是被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式作宾补。故选B。 60．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：距离2024年巴黎奥运会开幕式还有两年的时间，组织者公布了“Ouvrons Grand Les Jeux”，意思是“奥运更开放”。此处是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，结合句意可知go表示的动作尚未发生，使用动词不定式作宾补，故选C。 61．C 【解析】考查with复合结构。句意: 距离终点只有1000米了，他充满信心，全力追赶。A. As 意为“当……时候，随着”；B. When 意为“当……时候”；C. With 意为“随着，带着”；D. For 意为“因为，由于”。此处无谓语，所以使用介词，此处为“with + 名词 + 过去分词 / 现在分词 / 动词不定式”结构常用于表达原因或伴随情况，根据“only 1000 meters to go”可知，空处表示在1000米剩余的情况下，他全力追赶。故选C。 62．C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：格林先生走进实验室，一群学生跟在他后面。此处为with复合结构，students与follow为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故选C。 63．D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着我的高中生活的开始，我现在感到有点焦虑。本句是with引导的“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，begin和逻辑主语my high school life之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故选D项。 64．A 【解析】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着石油价格的上涨，许多人选择乘坐公共交通工具。分析句子，句中构成with的复合结构，即with+宾语+doing的结构，此处prices和go up之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作宾补结构；同时as作为连词，第二空中应该使用动词的谓语形式，C和D选项皆不符合要求。故选A。 65．B 【解析】考查with复合结构和固定短语。句意：有村民带路，我们毫不费劲就找到了那座古庙。前一空考查“with+宾语+v.-ing”结构作状语，lead和逻辑主语(a villager)之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾补；后一空考查“have no trouble doing sth.”意为“做某事没有困难”，为固定句型。故选B项。 二、 1 66．B 67．C 68．B 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍太平洋科学中心学生实地考察的参观内容、费用政策及安全要求。 66．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Designed to agree with school courses, these experiences will develop students’ interest in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) fields and inspire lifelong learning.(这些体验活动旨在与学校课程相契合，将培养学生对 STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）领域的兴趣，并激发终身学习的热情。)”可知，参观的主要目标是鼓励学生持续学习。故选B项。 67．细节理解题。根据Field Trip Pricing可知，12名学生费用为：12×($10+$4)=$168；按1:6的监护人比例，12名学生需2名监护人，费用为：2×$5=$10（活动费免费）。总费用为$168+$10=$178。故选C项。 68．细节理解题。根据Behavior & Safety部分“Students must stay with guardians to be safe at all times, follow posted rules strictly, and avoid touching restricted equipment.(为确保安全，学生必须始终与监护人待在一起，严格遵守张贴的规则，并避免触摸禁止接触的设备。)”可知，学生应严格遵守相关规则以保证自身安全。故选B项。 2 69．B 70．C 71．D 72．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了风暴潮的定义、形成原因、影响强度的因素、危害以及应对措施。 69． 细节理解题。根据第一段“A storm surge (风暴潮) is a raised sea brought by tropical cyclones (热带气旋), also known as typhoons or hurricanes. These powerful storms produce strong winds that push the water into shore (岸), often causing flooding. (风暴潮是由热带气旋带来的海水升高现象，热带气旋也被称为台风或飓风。这些强大的风暴产生强风，将海水推向岸边，常常引发洪水。)”可知，风暴潮的一个主要原因是强风将海水推向岸边。故选B。 70．细节理解题。根据第二段“If a cyclone develops in the Northern Hemisphere, the surge will be the largest in the right-forward part of the storm.  (如果气旋在北半球形成，风暴潮在风暴的右前方部分将是最大的。)”可知，如果气旋在北半球形成，风暴潮在风暴的右前方部分将是最大的。故选C。 71．推理判断题。根据第五段“Historically, storm surges have caused terrible losses. For example, the 1900 Hurricane Katrina in the U. S. claimed over 6,000 lives, while the 1970 Bhola Cyclone in Bangladesh resulted in about 500,000 deaths. (从历史上看，风暴潮已经造成了可怕的损失。例如，1900年美国的卡特里娜飓风夺走了6000多人的生命，而1970年孟加拉国的博拉气旋导致了大约50万人死亡。)”可知，历史上风暴潮造成了可怕的损失，接着举例美国的卡特里娜飓风和孟加拉国的博拉气旋造成的大量人员死亡，所以提到这两个例子是为了强调风暴潮的破坏作用。故选D。 72．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Coastal communities can protect themselves against storm surges by protecting local wetlands, which can take in the water and the energy of storm surges. But unfortunately they have made way for the city development.(沿海社区可以通过保护当地湿地来抵御风暴潮，当地湿地可以吸收风暴潮的水和能量。但不幸的是，它们已经为城市发展让路了。)”可知，沿海社区可以通过保护当地湿地来抵御风暴潮，但不幸的是湿地为城市发展让路了。由此可推测接下来可能会讨论修复沿海湿地的策略。故选D。 三、 73．known 74．when 75．making 76．but 77．or 78．has become 79．that 80．recognized 81．global 82．better 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者最爱的食物提拉米苏。 73．考查非谓语动词。句意：我最喜欢的食物是提拉米苏，一种以其浓郁的味道和口感而闻名的经典意大利甜点。“(know) for its rich flavor and texture”作后置定语，know(熟悉，了解)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语a classic Italian dessert之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填known。 74．考查定语从句。句意：大约两年前，当我和父母去一家面包店的时候，我第一次品尝了它。“ I visited a bakery with my parents”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“about two years ago”，关系词将其代入从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。 75．考查非谓语动词。句意：蛋糕有三层，奶酪夹在层与层之间，这使得这道甜点口感柔软丝滑。“(make) the dessert feel soft and smooth”在句中作结果状语，用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。故填making。 76．考查连词。句意：也有一种咖啡的苦味，但这种味道不是很浓烈。前半句说有咖啡苦味，后半句说味道不浓烈，前后是转折关系，用连词but连接两个分句。故填but。 77．考查连词。句意：提拉米苏看起来不是很吸引人——因为咖啡和黑巧克力它是棕色的，或者因为奶油和奶酪它是白色的——但所有这些原料让它尝起来很美味！“it’s brown, because of the coffee and dark chocolate”和“it’s white, because of the cream and cheese”是选择关系，用连词or连接。故填or。 78．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自从我第一次尝试它以来，提拉米苏已经成为我最喜欢的甜点。become(成为)是主句谓语动词，结合时间状语“Since I tried it for the first time”可知，强调过去的行为对现在的影响，用现在完成时态，主语tiramisu是单数名词，谓语动词单数形式。故填has become。 79．考查宾语从句。句意：我还了解到，提拉米苏在意大利语中的意思是“让我振作起来”，并且由于其全球知名度，人们一直在努力让提拉米苏被认定为意大利文化遗产的一部分。“that the name tiramisu means ‘cheer me up’ in Italian”和“there have been efforts to have tiramisu...as part of Italy’s cultural heritage”是并列的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句不缺成分，句意完整，用连词that引导从句，且不能省略。故填that。 80．考查非谓语动词。句意：我还了解到，提拉米苏在意大利语中的意思是“让我振作起来”，并且由于其全球知名度，人们一直在努力让提拉米苏被认定为意大利文化遗产的一部分。“(recognize) as part of Italy’s cultural heritage...”作宾语补足语，recognize(认定)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语tiramisu之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填recognized。 81．考查形容词。句意：我还了解到，提拉米苏在意大利语中的意思是“让我振作起来”，并且由于其全球知名度，人们一直在努力让提拉米苏被认定为意大利文化遗产的一部分。提示修饰名词popularity，用形容词global作定语，表示“全球的”。故填global。 82．考查形容词比较级。句意：每当我不开心的时候，我就吃这道甜点，它确实让我感觉更好。这里是和不开心时的状态作比较，吃了甜点后感觉更好，要用形容词good的比较级better作宾语补足语。故填better。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$