专题12 语法知识之名词性从句-2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习与能力提升专练(通用版)

2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题12 语法知识之名词性从句 种类 关联词 例 句 说 明 主 语 从 句 连 词 that That he will come and help you is certain. 他来帮助你是确实无疑的。 that在引导主语从句时不可省去 whether Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。 主语从句中只能用whether不可用if。 连接代词 who what which whatever What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般 连接副词 when where why how It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语。 宾 语 从 句 陈述意义 that I believe(that) he is honest. 我相信他是忠诚的。 We must never think(that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。 that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。 疑问意义 if whether I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。 I don’t know if(whether) it is interesting. 我不知道它是否有意思。 He doesn’t care if it isn’t a fine day.他不在乎天气是否好。 whether常与or not连用，不能用if代替。 作介词宾语要用whether不能用if。 从句是否定句时一般用if引导。 特殊疑问意义 who, whom, which,whose, what, when, where, why, how,whoever, whatever, whichever Please tell me what you want.请告诉我你需要什么？ She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。 She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。 宾语从句作及物动词宾语也可做介词的宾语。 注1 如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，将从句后置。 We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 我们必须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩罚。 注2 think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引出的宾语从句，要将从句中的否定形式，移到主句中。 We don’t think you are right. 我们认为你不对。 I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做的。 表 语 从 句 连词 that whether as if The problem is(that) they can’t get here early enough. 问题是他们不能很早到达这里。 It looks as if it’s going to rain.看起来天要下雨。 在非正式的文体中that可以省去 表语从句位于主句系动词之后 连接代词 who what which That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。 The question is who(which of you) will be the next speaker. 问题是谁（你们哪一位）接着发言。 连接副词 when where why how This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。 That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。 同 位 语 从 句 由连词that引导，不担任成分，也可有when, how, where等引导。 The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传遍世界。 I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact, news, idea, hope, thought,question, order, fear, doubt, word, proof， belief, story等。 特别注意what的双重功能： ①What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality． (what为“所……的事”，相当于“the thing that…；all that…；everything that…”) ②After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．（M ET'93） A.what B.when C.that D.which (what相当于“the time that”，表示“……时间”) ③He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ (what表示“……的人”，相当于“the person that…”) ④What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world． (what表示“……的地方”，相当于“the place that…”) ⑤Our income is now double what it was ten years ago (what表示“……的数目”，相当于“the amount ／number that…”) 一、单项选择 1．______ all this put under debate is whether we should redesign the AI model in other way. A．Why B．Which C．What D．How 2．______impressed me the most was the way ______he handled the difficult situation with calmness and wisdom. A．What; in which B．That; that C．Whether; in that D．What; which 3． he managed to finish the marathon inspired them to do more exercise regularly to improve their own physical strength. A．What B．That C．Whether D．When 4．Whether big or small, all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. A．that B．which C．why D．what 5．______ he managed to finish the Marathon inspired his classmates to pull their limits. A．What B．That C．Whether D．When 6．They have made ________ a rule not to smoke in the room, but ________ was beyond their comprehension was ________ many people don’t obey it. A．it, what, that B．it, it, that C．this, that, what D．that, it, why 7．______ breaks the law should be punished. A．No matter who B．Who C．Anyone D．Whoever 8．_________ he learns to cook is of no importance. The important thing is to have the skill. A．Why B．Whether C．Who D．Whom 9．________ is still unknown ________ the sports meeting will be held. A．It; whether B．This; that C．That; if D．It; what 10．After a long day of endless meetings and deadlines, ______ she longed for was a quiet mind and a moment of peace. A．that B．what C．whether D．how 11．________ made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A．What; because B．What; that C．That; what D．That; because 12．It is reported __________ the film is well received outside China. A．that B．what C．however D．where 13．It remains to be seen __________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. A．why B．whether C．where D．how 14．— We’ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do? — No, _______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A．who B．that C．what D．which 15．________ I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier too. A．What B．That C．Which D．How 16．_______ makes Jack different from other boys in his class is that he can keep calm in the face of danger. A．What B．It C．Which D．That 17．Historical anecdotes are always ______ exaggeration, but the photographer’s claim ______ he wanted to allow himself the pleasure of fooling the Nazis with the picture of a Jewish baby appears to be true. A．prone to; that B．tend to; that C．tend to; that what D．prone to; that what 18．I don’t think she has any idea ______ she will end up when she begins writing a novel. A．where B．what C．that D．which 19．The fact many students failed to review the key rules the teacher’s decision to postpone the test. A．that; lead to B．which; leads to C．that; leads to D．why; lead to 20．There are divisions among historians over ________ exactly the construction of the twin temples started, but no one can deny the fact ________ they were constructed in the 13th century BCE. A．what, what B．when, what C．how, that D．when, that 21．________ we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question ________ there is life on other planets. A．What, that B．As, what C．As, whether D．What, whether 22．It is the news ______ she will marry at such a young age ______surprised all of us. A．that; which B．which; that C．that; when D．that; that 23．We found ________funny that the news ________ he had been admitted to Beijing University was not true. A．it; what B．us; what C．it; that D．us; that 24．For the study, participants learned a task____________ they had to recognize a hidden pattern in the questions they were asked. A．that B．what C．which D．where 25．There is growing evidence ____________ staying up late at night has a serious impact on people’s health. A．as B．which C．that D．how 26．The news ______ our team won the game spread quickly. A．which B．what C．that D．where 27．What puzzled the archaeologists was ________ the ancient city had been abandoned so abruptly. A．where B．how C．when D．why 28．He failed in the exam again and ________ made matters worse was ________he began to lose heart. A．it; that B．that; that C．what; that D．how; when 29．—Nowadays students’ health is declining for lack of adequate sleeping time. —Exactly. That is ________ some policy changes are urgently needed. A．where B．how C．what D．which 30．Watching pigeons as they flow was ______ Mei Lanfang developed the expressive eye moments that were so crucial to his arts. A．that B．what C．why D．how 31．What is even more important is ______ the earth cooled down, and water began to appear on its surface. A．what B．as C．that D．which 32．The question is ______ can think of a way to reduce the cost of the product. A．who B．whoever C．what D．whether 33．The essence of craftsmanship is we call “attention to detail” and “persistence in quality”. A．that B．what C．which D．where 34．The reason ______ I have to go is ______ my mother is ill in bed. A．why; why B．why; because C．why; that D．that; because 35．The reason why Peking duck ______ all ages is ______ it combines rich, savory flavors with a delicate balance of textures, offering a culinary experience that resonates with both traditional tastes and contemporary palates. A．appeals to; because B．appeals; because C．appeals to; that D．appeals; why 36．I never really cared about my appearance. That’s ________ I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning. A．when B．because C．why D．how 37．Some young people in America are expected to leave ______ could be life’s most important decision — marriage — entirely up to luck. A．which B．that C．what D．as 38．You can rely on it ________ the project is successfully completed ahead of schedule, the company will give each team member a generous bonus. A．if B．that C．if that D．that if 39．Enlightened parents often afford their children freedom to choose ________ majors satisfy their kids’ curiosity in colleges. A．whatever B．however C．no matter what D．no matter how 40．This city is located in ________ is called the plateau, among the mountains in the state of North Carolina. A．which B．where C．what D．that 41．She will give ______ needs help a warm support, ______ gains her a good reputation in her community. A．who; which B．whoever; which C．what; that D．whomever; that 42．As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ______ he should react on some specific occasions. A．when B．what C．that D．how 43．The result of “drawing water with a bamboo basket” tells us ________ the right way is important. A．which B．why C．what D．when 44．These shoes look very good. I wonder ________. A．how much cost they are B．how much do they cost C．how much they cost D．how much are they cost 45．A colleague asked Helen ______ the greatest challenge was when it came to teaching. A．where B．how C．what D．which 46．Many educators, concerned by the lack of critical thinking in today’s curriculum, think it important ______ students dare ______ conventional wisdom and engage with ideas that might not align with mainstream views. A．whether; challenge B．that; to challenge C．whether; to challenge D．that; challenge 47．As has been confirmed in many cases, a good speaker focuses equally on ______ he tells the audience and on ______ he delivers his speech, using word choice, tone, pacing, and expression to enhance the message. A．what; how B．that; how C．that; that D．what; that 48．You can only be sure of you have at present. You cannot be sure of something you might get in the future. A．that, what B．what, / C．which, that D．that, / 49．People who value personal privacy are concerned about some mobile apps might do with the information they collect. A．what B．that C．why D．how 50．________I'm concerned about most is________ we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time. A．That; how B．What; that C．What; how D．As; whether 51．Fortunately, he was taken to hospital and survived. For many years, Russel refused to talk about ________ happened that morning, ________ it simply as “hell”. A．what, described B．that, having described C．what, describing D．that, described 52．His father’s dream was ________ one day he could write a great masterpiece recording ________ had happened in history. A．whether, that B．that, what C．if, that D．what, which 53．The records show ________ the visitors were astonished by ________ rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was. A．how, what B．what, how C．that, how D．when, what 54．It is through our research into space ________ we have confirmed ________ the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun. A．what, that B．that, that C．that, what D．what, what 55．Some people believe ________ space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth. A．that while B．that C．while that D．while 56．The candidates needed to prove _______ they were the best person to do the job. A．how B．why C．that D．what 57．You can invite ________ you want to come to your birthday party. A．whatever B．whomever C．no matter whom D．no matter what 58．At last the soldiers reached ________ the locals called the Golden Triangle. A．that B．where C．when D．what 59．The chief manager has decided to put ________ he thinks is energetic, clever in the position of the leadership of the company. A．those who B．anyone C．whomever D．whoever 60．The only system I know ________will help you remember________you have heard at a lecture is the system of keeping notes. A．that, that B．which, that C．that, what D．which, what 二、阅读理解 1 Stanford University Summer Fellowship 2025 in USA Are you a Young Leader and interested in a Fully Funded Leadership Program? The applications are open to apply for the TF NUS LEARN Summer Program 2025 in Singapore. Candidates from all around the world are welcomed to apply for the TF NUS LEARN Program. The TF NUS LEARN Program is all about the cultural exchange, networking, and leadership development. Below are more details. Objective of the Program ※To identify the leader in you ※To further enhance your leadership skills ※To boost your leadership style for your future Detailed Programme Dates Events Locations 13 June 2025 Pre-Departure Briefing and Introduction Zoom (link will be sent at a later date) 30 June to 11 July 2025 Hidden Communities and Community Leadership NUS 14 July to 18 July 2025 Future Of Community Development in Southeast Asia NUS Financial Benefits The program covers airfare tickets, accommodation, living expenses, and program fee. Qualification Criteria ※The program requires full attendance. ※Students must be recommended by their home university. ※Recommended students will be contacted by the program for further information. ※Applicants are not required to pay the fees. How to Apply for the TF NUS LEARN Summer Program 2025? Applicants must contact their home university to recommend them for the Program. 61．What does the program intend to do? A．To evaluate leadership features. B．To identify outstanding leaders. C．To facilitate leadership growth. D．To build personal connections. 62．What is the feature of the program? A．Its applicants can ask for a leave. B．Its activity site is relatively fixed. C．It emphasizes on-the-snot visits. D．It lasts for more than three weeks. 63．What is a must for students to apply for the program? A．Speaking English fluently. B．Affording living expenses. C．Owning leadership talents. D．Being formally nominated. 2 James in Chengdu: A Photographer Capturing the Soul of Sichuan Opera . In James’ studio in Chengdu, the bustling capital of Sichuan Province, a vibrant photograph of a Sichuan Opera performer in full costume hangs beside a series of black-and-white shots capturing the intricate details of traditional Chinese architecture. These works symbolize the fusion of James’ artistic vision and his deep-rooted affection for Chinese culture. Raised in a family of photographers, the 28-year-old American developed an early passion for capturing moments through the lens. His fascination with Eastern culture was ignited during his college years when he stumbled upon a documentary about Sichuan Opera. “I was immediately captivated by the vivid makeup, the elaborate costumes, and the emotional depth of the performances,” James recalls. “It was like discovering a hidden gem.” Driven by his newfound interest, James decided to visit China in 2020. Upon arriving in Chengdu, he was immediately struck by the city’s laid-back atmosphere and the warmth of its people. “Chengdu is a city that knows how to live,” he says. “The locals have a unique way of blending tradition with modernity, and that’s something I wanted to capture in my photographs.” One of the highlights of James’ time in Chengdu has been his exploration of Sichuan Opera. He has spent countless hours attending performances, observing the performers backstage, and even learning some basic movements and makeup techniques. “The performers pour their hearts and souls into every role,” James explains. “It’s not just about the visual spectacle; it’s about the stories they tell and the emotions they convey.” James’ photographs of Sichuan Opera have gained recognition for their ability to capture the essence of this ancient art form. He focuses on the performers’ facial expressions, the intricate details of their costumes, and the dynamic movements of their performances. Through his lens, he aims to convey the beauty and complexity of Sichuan Opera to a global audience. 64．What does the underlined word “captivated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Bored. B．Fascinated. C．Confused. D．Disappointed. 65．What inspired James to visit Chengdu? A．His family’s influence in photography. B．The low cost of living in Chengdu. C．His interest in Eastern culture, particularly Sichuan Opera. D．The opportunity to study Chinese architecture. 66．What is a notable feature of James’ photographs of Sichuan Opera? A．They focus solely on the visual spectacle of the performances. B．They capture the emotional depth and stories behind the performances. C．They emphasize the technical aspects of the makeup and costumes. D．They compare Sichuan Opera with. 67．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To promote tourism in Chengdu. B．To highlight the cultural diversity of China. C．To advertise James’ photography exhibitions. D．To introduce a foreign photographer in China and his work on Sichuan Opera. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a short story about the Chinese Zodiac 68 (regard) as Shengxiao, and the reason 69 the rat became the first sign. According to legends, there once existed a great race between the 70 (animal) to decide the order of the lunar calendar. The finish line laid on 71 vast river, but the cunning rat hitched a ride on ox ’s shoulder, singing a song to make him go faster, and got to the opposite bank without even 72 (get) his feet wet. Just as he approached the finish line, he quickly jumped off and slipped ahead to take first place. Diligent ox came second while 73 (speed) tiger and rabbit in third and fourth. Parting the clouds, brave dragon flew into 74 (five) with small snake moving just behind. They were followed by horse and sheep, two kind and modest animals who each let the other go first. Monkey 75 (fall) behind but made up ground to come ninth, while rooster, dog and pig killed the last three places. With the race over and the places 76 (decide), the 12-year cycle of the Chinese zodiac came 77 being. 参考答案 一、 1．C 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：所有这些被置于讨论之下的是我们是否应该用其他方式重新设计人工智能模型。what all this在句子中通常作为名词短语使用，其中what引导的是一个名词性从句，用来指代某事或某种情况。故选C项。 2．A 【解析】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：最让我印象深刻的是他以冷静和智慧处理困难局面的方式。第一空为连接词引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“最让我印象深刻的事”，应使用连接代词what；第二空引导定语从句修饰先行词the way，表示方式，关系词替代先行词在从句中作方式状语，常用“in which”或that引导，或不填。故选A项。 3．B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他成功完成了马拉松比赛，这激励了他们要定期多做运动，提高自己的体力。引导主语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that。故选B。 4．D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：无论选择是大是小，我们所有选择的共同点在于它们都会带来特定的结果。空处引导主语从句。从句中缺少have的宾语，表示“……的事情”，所以用what引导该从句。故选D。 5．B 【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意：他成功跑完马拉松这件事激励了他的同学们去挑战自己的极限。A. What什么；B. That无意义，只起连接作用；C. Whether是否；D. When何时。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，从句“he managed to finish the Marathon”成分完整，不缺成分，应用只起连接作用、无实义的that来引导。故选B项。 6．A 【解析】考查代词，主语从句和表语从句。句意：他们已经规定不许在房间里吸烟，但令他们无法理解的是，许多人并不遵守这一规定。make it a rule not to do sth.是固定短语，意为“规定不做某事”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，因此第一空应用it；“______ was beyond their comprehension”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“令他们无法理解的是，许多人并不遵守这一规定”，因此用what引导主语从句；“______ many people don’t obey it”是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句。故选A。 7．D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：任何触犯法律的人都应该受到惩罚。A. No matter who无论谁；B. Who谁；C. Anyone任何人；D. Whoever无论谁。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，且表示“无论谁”，所以用whoever引导，no matter who只能让步引导状语从句。故选D。 8．B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他是否学习烹饪（这件事）并不重要。重要的是要有这项技能。空处引导主语从句，从句成份完整，结合句意表示“是否”，需用连接词whether引导。故选B。 9．A 【解析】考查it作形式主语及主语从句。句意：运动会是否会举行还不知道。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处作形式主语，真正的主语为“ ________ the sports meeting will be held”，应用it作形式主语；空2：此处引导主语从句，从句的句式完整，但含有“是否”之意，应用whether引导主语从句。故选A。 10．B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：在漫长的一天没完没了的会议和最后期限之后，她所渴望的是内心的宁静和片刻的安宁。此空引导主语从句，从句she longed for中缺宾语，结合表语“a quiet mind and a moment of peace”可知应用连接代词what，指代物。故选B项。 11．B 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：让学校感到骄傲的是，超过90%的学生被重点大学录取。分析句子结构，这是个包含主语从句和表语从句的复合句，第一空引导主语从句，该空在主语从句中作主语，指“……是事情”，使用连接代词what连接主语从句；第二空引导表语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，使用连接代词that连接表语从句。故选B项。 12．A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：据报道，这部电影在中国以外地区受到好评。It is reported that...为固定句型，意为“据报道……”，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义。故选A项。 13．B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这个计划是否足够实际，能让这个项目继续下去，还有待观察。空格处引导主语从句，it为形式主语，真正的主语为__________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 结合语境，句子表达的是这个计划是否足够实用以维持项目进行还有待观察，所以用连接词whether，表示“是否”之意。故选B。 14．C 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：——我们只有这个小书架。那个可以吗？——不，我要找的是更大更结实的东西。“_______ I am looking for”是主语从句，该从句中缺少am looking for的宾语，且表示“……的东西”，所以应用what引导该从句。故选C。 15．A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我真正钦佩的是她承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，也让我们更快乐的方式。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为“钦佩的（事情）”，所以为连接代词what引导。故选A项。 16．A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：使得杰克与班上其他男孩不同的是，他能在危险面前保持冷静。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指的是事情，所以此处使用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选A项。 17．A 【解析】考查动词短语和同位语从句。句意：历史轶事总是容易被夸大，但摄影师声称他想用一个犹太婴儿的照片来愚弄纳粹分子，这一说法似乎是真实的。“be prone to”是固定短语，意为“易于……；有……倾向”，后接名词或动名词，“be prone to exaggeration”表示“容易被夸大”；“tend to do sth. (倾向于做某事)”，所以第一空用“prone to”。“he wanted to allow himself the pleasure of fooling the Nazis with the picture of a Jewish baby”是对抽象名词claim的具体内容的解释说明，是同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，用that引导，所以第二空填that。故选A项。 18．A 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：当她开始写一部小说时，我认为她不知道自己最终会写到哪里。设空处连接同位语从句，对idea进行解释说明，从句中缺少地点状语，故选A。 19．C 【解析】考查同位语从句和主谓一致。句意：许多学生没有复习关键规则的事实导致老师决定推迟考试。第一空引导同位语从句，解释说明“fact”的具体内容，从句成份和意义都完整，用that引导；第二空为主句谓语动词，句子的主语是“The fact”，是单数第三人称，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故选C项。 20．D 【解析】考查宾语从句和同位语从句。句意：历史学家对这两座寺庙的建造确切开始时间存在分歧，但没有人能否认它们是在公元前13世纪建造的。第一空引导宾语从句，作over的宾语，根据句中的started和they were constructed in the 13th century BCE可知，这里指建造开始的确切时间，应用when引导。第二空引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact，且从句成分和意义完整，所以应用that引导。故选D。 21．C 【解析】考查连词和同位语从句。句意：随着我们对宇宙的了解越来越多，也许有一天我们会回答其他星球上是否有生命的问题。第一空用As引导时间状语从句，有“随着”之意。第二空用whether引导同位语从句，意为“是否”，解释说明名词question。故选C。 22．D 【解析】考查名词性从句和强调句型。句意：她这么年轻就要结婚的消息使我们大家都感到惊讶。空①处为同位语从句，对名词news进行解释说明，从句成份和意义都完整，应用引导词that，空②应填that，构成强调句it is+强调部分+that+其他，本句强调主语the news，故选D项。 23．C 【解析】考查形式宾语和同位语从句。句意：我们发现他被北京大学录取的消息不是真的，这很有趣。分析句子可知，第一空应用it作形式宾语，而that the news ________ he had been admitted to Beijing University was not true为宾语从句，是真正的宾语，第二空考查同位语从句，he had been admitted to Beijing University是对the news的解释说明，从句中不缺少成分，且意思完整，所以用that引导。故选C项。 24．A 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：在这项研究中，参与者需要学习一项任务，即识别他们被问及的问题中的隐藏模式。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明名词task的内容，从句句意完整不缺少任何成分，应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导，故选A。 25．C 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：越来越多的证据表明，深夜熬夜会对人们的健康产生严重影响。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明名词evidence，从句句意完整不缺少任何成分，应用无任何意义，只起连接作用的that引导，故选C。 26．C 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们队赢了比赛的消息很快传开了。空处引导名词性从句作news的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故选C。 27．D 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：令考古学家困惑的是，这座古城为何会被如此突然地废弃。空格处引导表语从句，表示“为何，为什么”，用why引导表语从句。故选D。 28．C 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：他考试又不及格，更糟糕的是，他开始失去信心。 made matters worse是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what引导从句。____he began to lose heart是表语从句，从句意义完整且不缺成分，所以用连词that引导从句。故选C项。 29．A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：——如今，由于缺乏充足的睡眠时间，学生的健康状况正在下降。——没错。这就是迫切需要做出一些政策改变的地方。空格处需填入连接词引导表语从句，说明“学生健康下降”与“政策改变”的关联。所以用where引导该从句，在表语从句中作地点状语，此处引申为抽象意义的“方面/领域”，表示“在这一点上需要政策改变”，符合语境。故选A。 30．D 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：看着鸽子飞翔，梅兰芳就这样发展出了富有表现力的眼神，这对他的艺术至关重要。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，所以用连接副词how引导，表示“如何，怎样”之意。故选D。 31．C 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：更重要的是，地球冷却下来，水开始出现在它的表面。分析句子可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句是一个完整的句子，不缺少任何成分，所以用从属连词“that”引导，只起连接作用，没有实际意义。故选C项。 32．A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁能想出一个降低产品成本的方法。分析句子结构可知，“______ can think of a way to reduce the cost of the product”在系词is后，是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，所以用who引导。whoever表示“无论谁”，不符合语境；what指物；whether表示“是否”，均不符合语意。故选A项。 33．B 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：工艺的精髓就是我们所说的“对细节的关注”和“对品质的坚持”。空处引导表语从句，从句中call后接双宾语，所以从句缺少宾语，用what引导。故选B项。 34．C 【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：我必须去的原因是我妈妈病在床上。第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导；第二空引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。固定句型the reason why… is that…表示“……的原因是……”。故选C。 35．C 【解析】考查动词短语和表语从句。句意：北京烤鸭受各年龄段人群喜爱的原因是它将浓郁、鲜美的味道与细腻的口感完美融合，提供了一种既能迎合传统口味又能满足现代味蕾的烹饪体验。第一空处表示北京烤鸭“吸引”各年龄段人群，应用动词短语appeals to，作定语从句谓语；本句使用了固定句型“The reason why...is that...”，意为“……的原因是……”，其中that引导表语从句。故选C项。 36．C 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我从来没在意过自己的外表。这就是为什么我永远无法理解我的妹妹，她有17支口红，每天早上都不能决定用哪一支。设空处连接表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，应用why，“why”引导表语从句时，表示结果，意为“这就是……的原因”；而“because”引导表语从句时，通常用于回答“why”的问句，强调原因，意为“因为”。故选C。 37．C 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词辨析。 句意：在美国，一些年轻人被认为会将人生最重要的决定——婚姻—— 完全交给运气来决定。空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事情”，所以用what引导该从句。故选C。 38．D 【解析】考查宾语从句和条件状语从句。句意：你可以相信：如果项目提前成功完成，公司将给每位团队成员一笔丰厚的奖金。rely on it that…为固定句型，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，宾语从句中包含条件状语从句，需用if引导。故选D。 39．A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：开明的父母往往会给予孩子自由，让他们在大学选择任何能满足自身好奇心的专业。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少定语，表示“无论什么”，需用连接词whatever引导。故选A。 40．C 【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：这座城市位于被称为高原的地区，在北卡罗来纳州的群山之中。A. which哪一个；B. where哪里；C. what什么，……那样的（事物）；D. that无实义，用于引导从句。分析可知，“________ is called the plateau”为介词“in”的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合语境，应是“物”为主语，用what引导。故选C项。 41．B 【解析】考查从句。句意：她会给任何需要帮助的人一个温暖的支持，这使她在社区中获得了良好的声誉。第一个空为宾语从句，从句缺主语，泛指，表示“无论谁”，连接词为whoever；第二个空引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前句作主语，应用关系代词which。故选B项。 42．D 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：作为一名新外交官，他经常思考在某些特定场合应该如何应对。空处引导名词性从句作thinks of的宾语，结合“he should react”可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“如何，怎样”，应用连接副词how作引导词。故选D。 43．B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：“竹篮打水”的结果告诉我们为什么正确的方法很重要。空格处引导宾语从句，且表示“为什么……”，应该用连接副词why引导从句，并在从句中作原因状语。故选B项。 44．C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这些鞋子看起来很不错，我想知道它们多少钱。空处引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中，要用陈述句语序，即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”，所以C项是正确的。故选C。 45．C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：一位同事问海伦，教书最大的挑战是什么。引导宾语从句，从句缺少表语，指物，故用what。故选C。 46．B 【解析】考查宾语从句及动词。句意：许多教育工作者担心当今课程缺乏批判性思维，认为让学生敢于挑战传统智慧并接触可能与主流观点不一致的思想是很重要的。第一空考查了it作形式宾语，“think it adj. +从句”，从句成分和意思完整，应该使用that引导宾语从句；第二空考查dare的用法，dare后面接to do，dare to do意思为：敢于做某事。故选B项。 47．A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：正如许多案例所证实的那样，一个好的演讲者同样关注他告诉听众的内容和他如何发表演讲，使用用词、语气、节奏和表达来强化信息。分析第一个空：“______ he tells the audience”是宾语从句，在这个从句中，tells后面缺少直接宾语，需要用连接代词what来引导，what在从句中充当宾语，表示“告诉观众的内容”。分析第二个空：“______ he delivers his speech”也是宾语从句，根据后面“using word choice, tone, pacing, and expression to enhance the message”可知，这里强调的是演讲者“如何”发表演讲，即演讲的方式，所以用连接副词how来引导。故选A项。 48．B 【解析】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：你只能确定你目前所拥有的。你不能确定你将来会得到什么。空1连接宾语从句，作介词“of”的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，指物，所以用“what”引导；空2引导定语从句，修饰先行词“something”，在定语从句中，当先行词是不定代词（如 “something, anything, nothing, everything”等）时，关系代词用“that”，且作宾语时可以省略，这里“that”在从句中作“get”的宾语，可省略，故选B。 49．A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：重视个人隐私的人担心一些移动应用程序可能会对他们收集的信息做什么。空处连接宾语从句，作介词“about”的宾语。在宾语从句中，“do”是及物动词，需要一个宾语来表示动作的对象，而“what” 可以在从句中充当宾语，指代“mobile apps”对收集到的信息所做的事情，故选A。 50．C 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：我最担心的是我们怎么能在这么短的时间内筹集到一大笔钱。分析句子可知，第一空处引导主语从句，且主语从句中缺少介词about的宾语，表示内容，所以第一空应用连接代词what；第二空处引导表语从句，且表语从句中不缺任何成分，结合语境可知此处是指“如何”，所以第二空应用连接副词how。故选C。 51．C 【解析】考查宾语从句和非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，他被送往医院并活了下来。多年来，拉塞尔拒绝谈论那天早上发生了什么，只是简单地将其描述为“地狱”。第1空处“________ happened that morning”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么事情”，用连接代词what引导宾语从句；第1空处“(describe) it simply as ‘hell’”作伴随状语， describe(描述)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Russel之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故选C项。 52．B 【解析】考查表语从句和宾语从句。句意：他父亲的梦想是，有一天他能够写出一篇巨作，来记录历史上发生的事情。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且此处不含意思，故应用that引导，故填that；空2：此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“事情”，故应用what引导，故填what。故选B。 53．C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：记录显示游客们对明朝多么富有和科技发达感到惊讶。第一空，空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，用 that 引导，起连接作用，可省略。第二空，结合语意可知，此处表示多么富有和科技发达，应用how，“how + 形容词 / 副词”引导宾语从句，作by的宾语，表示程度。故选C。 54．B 【解析】考查强调句和宾语从句。句意：正是通过我们对太空的研究，我们才证实了地球是圆的，并且它围绕太阳公转。第1空处为强调句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分”，强调原句方式状语“through our research into space”，句子其它部分由that引出；第2空处“_____ the Earth is round”是并列的宾语从句，句中不缺少成分，意义完整，所以用连词that引导，连词that引导名词性从句时无实义，在从句中不充当成分。故选B项。 55．A 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：有些人认为，虽然太空探索扩大了我们对宇宙的了解，但这是对公共资金的浪费，对提高我们在地球上的生活质量没有任何帮助。动词believe后接宾语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。在宾语从句中，space exploration expands our understanding of the universe和it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth之间存在转折关系，所以用转折连词while。故选A。 56．C 【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：候选人需要证明他们是做这项工作的最佳人选。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. that引导名词性从句时，只起连接作用、无实意；D. what什么。动词prove后接宾语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选C。 57．B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你可以邀请任何你想邀请的人来参加你的生日聚会。A. whatever无论什么，指物；B. whomever无论谁，指人，在句中只作宾语；C. no matter whom无论谁，只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导宾语从句；D. no matter what无论什么，引导让步状语从句，指物。本句是包含宾语从句的复合句，作want的宾语，指人，意为“无论谁”，所以用“whomever”，故选B项。 58．D 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：最后，士兵们到达了当地人所说的金三角。空处引导宾语从句，从句the locals called the Golden Triangle中缺宾语，表示“什么”，所以应用连接代词what。故选D项。 59．D 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：总经理已决定任命他认为精力充沛、聪明的人担任公司的领导职务。空处引导宾语从句，he thinks是插入语，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，使用whoever引导，故选D。 60．C 【解析】考查定语从句，宾语从句。句意：我所知道的唯一能帮助你记住在讲座中听到的内容的系统是记笔记的系统。第一个空，这里需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，修饰“the only system”。由于“system”是物，且从句中缺少主语，因此用“that”；第二个空，这里需要一个连接代词引导宾语从句，作“remember”的宾语。由于从句中缺少宾语，且表示“你所听到的内容”，因此用“what”。故选C。 二、 1 61．C 62．B 63．D 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学暑期领导力项目的目标、安排、福利及申请要求。 61．细节理解题。根据Objective of the Program部分“※To identify the leader in you(※发掘你内在的领导力)”以及“※To further enhance your leadership skills(※进一步提升你的领导技能)”以及“※To boost your leadership style for your future(※为你的未来提升你的领导风格)”可知，该计划旨在促进领导力的成长。故选C。 62．细节理解题。根据Detailed Programme部分中活动地点均为“NUS(新加坡国立大学)”和Zoom线上会议可知，其活动场地相对固定。故选B。 63．细节理解题。根据Qualification Criteria部分“※Students must be recommended by their home university.(※学生必须得到所在大学的推荐)”可知，学生申请该计划必须得到正式提名。故选D。 2 64．B 65．C 66．B 67．D 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。美国摄影师詹姆斯因对川剧的热爱来到成都，通过镜头捕捉并展现川剧艺术精髓与演员情感深度，向全球观众传递这一古老艺术形式的美丽与复杂。 64．词句猜测题。根据第三段““I was immediately captivated by the vivid makeup, the elaborate costumes, and the emotional depth of the performances,” James recalls. “It was like discovering a hidden gem.””(詹姆斯回忆说：“我立刻被生动的妆容、精致的服装和表演的情感深度所captivated”“这就像发现了一颗隐藏的宝石。”)可知，这就像发现了一颗隐藏的宝石，说明詹姆斯被川剧的妆容、服装和表演的情感深度所吸引，captivated意为“吸引，着迷”，与B选项意思一致。故选B。 65．细节理解题。根据第三段“His fascination with Eastern culture was ignited during his college years when he stumbled upon a documentary about Sichuan Opera. “I was immediately captivated by the vivid makeup, the elaborate costumes, and the emotional depth of the performances,” James recalls. “It was like discovering a hidden gem.(他对东方文化的迷恋始于大学时代，当时他偶然看到了一部关于川剧的纪录片。“我立刻被生动的妆容、精致的服装和表演的情感深度所吸引，”詹姆斯回忆说。“这就像发现了一颗隐藏的宝石。”)以及第四段“Driven by his newfound interest, James decided to visit China in 2020.(在兴趣的驱使下，詹姆斯决定在2020年访问中国)”可知，詹姆斯对东方文化，特别是川剧的兴趣激发了他访问成都的灵感。故选C。 66．细节理解题。根据最后一段“James’ photographs of Sichuan Opera have gained recognition for their ability to capture the essence of this ancient art form. He focuses on the performers’ facial expressions, the intricate details of their costumes, and the dynamic movements of their performances. Through his lens, he aims to convey the beauty and complexity of Sichuan Opera to a global audience.(詹姆斯的川剧摄影作品因其能够捕捉到这一古老艺术形式的精髓而获得了认可。他关注表演者的面部表情、服装的复杂细节以及表演的动态动作。通过他的镜头，他旨在向全球观众传达川剧的美丽和复杂性。)”可知，詹姆斯的川剧摄影作品的一个显著特点是捕捉了表演背后的情感深度和故事。故选B。 67．推理判断题。根据第二段“In James’ studio in Chengdu, the bustling capital of Sichuan Province, a vibrant photograph of a Sichuan Opera performer in full costume hangs beside a series of black-and-white shots capturing the intricate details of traditional Chinese architecture. These works symbolize the fusion of James’ artistic vision and his deep-rooted affection for Chinese culture.(在詹姆斯位于四川省会成都的工作室里，一张色彩鲜艳的川剧演员全身照挂在一系列捕捉中国传统建筑复杂细节的黑白照片旁边。这些作品象征着詹姆斯的艺术视野和他对中国文化的深厚感情。)”以及本文主要讲述了一位美国摄影师James因对东方文化的浓厚兴趣，来到中国成都，在这里他深深爱上了川剧文化，并将其作为自己摄影作品的重要主题，由此可知，本文主要是为了介绍一位在中国生活的外国摄影师以及他对川剧的摄影作品。故选D。 三、 68．regarded 69．why 70．animals 71．a 72．getting 73．speedy 74．fifth 75．had fallen 76．decided 77．into 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国十二生肖的由来，重点介绍了老鼠成为十二生肖之首的传说故事，以及其他动物在赛跑中决定生肖顺序的过程。 68．考查非谓语动词。句意：这里有一个关于中国十二生肖“生肖”的小故事，以及为什么老鼠会成为第一个生肖。be regarded as是固定搭配，意为“被认为”，此处应用过去分词regarded作后置定语，修饰the Chinese zodiac。故填regarded。 69．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，从句结构完整，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 70．考查名词。句意：传说动物之间有一场伟大的比赛来决定农历的顺序。根据空前冠词the可知，空处应填名词animal，为可数名词，作介词between的宾语，表示“动物之间的”，应用复数形式。故填animals。 71．考查冠词。句意：终点线在宽阔的河面上，狡猾的老鼠骑在牛的肩上，唱着歌加快了速度，脚都没湿就到了对岸。river为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一条河”，应用不定冠词，且vast以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 72．考查非谓语动词。句意：终点线在宽阔的河面上，狡猾的老鼠骑在牛的肩上，唱着歌加快了速度，脚都没湿就到了对岸。空处作介词without的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填getting。 73．考查形容词。句意：“勤奋的公牛”名列第二，“敏捷的老虎”和“兔子”名列第三和第四。空处修饰名词tiger and rabbit，应用形容词形式，speed的形容词形式是speedy。故填speedy。 74．考查数词。句意：冲破云层，勇敢的巨龙第五名到达，小蛇紧随其后。介词into后需加名词，此处表示“第五名”，应用序数词fifth。故填fifth。 75．考查动词时态。句意：猴子落后了，但取得了第九名的成绩，而公鸡、狗和猪排在了最后三位。空格处作谓语，且动作fall behind先于made up ground to come ninth发生，应用过去完成时。故填had fallen。 76．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着比赛的结束和排名的确定，中国十二生肖的12年周期应运而生。句中已有谓语动词came，此处是with复合结构，宾语the places和动词decide是被动关系，应该用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decided。 77．考查介词。句意同上。come into being是固定搭配，意为“诞生”。故填into。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题12 语法知识之名词性从句 种类 关联词 例 句 说 明 主 语 从 句 连 词 that That he will come and help you is certain. 他来帮助你是确实无疑的。 that在引导主语从句时不可省去 whether Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。 主语从句中只能用whether不可用if。 连接代词 who what which whatever What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般 连接副词 when where why how It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语。 宾 语 从 句 陈述意义 that I believe(that) he is honest. 我相信他是忠诚的。 We must never think(that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。 that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。 疑问意义 if whether I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。 I don’t know if(whether) it is interesting. 我不知道它是否有意思。 He doesn’t care if it isn’t a fine day.他不在乎天气是否好。 whether常与or not连用，不能用if代替。 作介词宾语要用whether不能用if。 从句是否定句时一般用if引导。 特殊疑问意义 who, whom, which,whose, what, when, where, why, how,whoever, whatever, whichever Please tell me what you want.请告诉我你需要什么？ She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。 She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。 宾语从句作及物动词宾语也可做介词的宾语。 注1 如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，将从句后置。 We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 我们必须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩罚。 注2 think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引出的宾语从句，要将从句中的否定形式，移到主句中。 We don’t think you are right. 我们认为你不对。 I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做的。 表 语 从 句 连词 that whether as if The problem is(that) they can’t get here early enough. 问题是他们不能很早到达这里。 It looks as if it’s going to rain.看起来天要下雨。 在非正式的文体中that可以省去 表语从句位于主句系动词之后 连接代词 who what which That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。 The question is who(which of you) will be the next speaker. 问题是谁（你们哪一位）接着发言。 连接副词 when where why how This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。 That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。 同 位 语 从 句 由连词that引导，不担任成分，也可有when, how, where等引导。 The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world.他曾在月球上登陆这个消息传遍世界。 I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact, news, idea, hope, thought,question, order, fear, doubt, word, proof， belief, story等。 特别注意what的双重功能： ①What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality． (what为“所……的事”，相当于“the thing that…；all that…；everything that…”) ②After ________ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed．（M ET'93） A.what B.when C.that D.which (what相当于“the time that”，表示“……时间”) ③He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？ (what表示“……的人”，相当于“the person that…”) ④What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world． (what表示“……的地方”，相当于“the place that…”) ⑤Our income is now double what it was ten years ago (what表示“……的数目”，相当于“the amount ／number that…”) 一、单项选择 1．______ all this put under debate is whether we should redesign the AI model in other way. A．Why B．Which C．What D．How 2．______impressed me the most was the way ______he handled the difficult situation with calmness and wisdom. A．What; in which B．That; that C．Whether; in that D．What; which 3． he managed to finish the marathon inspired them to do more exercise regularly to improve their own physical strength. A．What B．That C．Whether D．When 4．Whether big or small, all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. A．that B．which C．why D．what 5．______ he managed to finish the Marathon inspired his classmates to pull their limits. A．What B．That C．Whether D．When 6．They have made ________ a rule not to smoke in the room, but ________ was beyond their comprehension was ________ many people don’t obey it. A．it, what, that B．it, it, that C．this, that, what D．that, it, why 7．______ breaks the law should be punished. A．No matter who B．Who C．Anyone D．Whoever 8．_________ he learns to cook is of no importance. The important thing is to have the skill. A．Why B．Whether C．Who D．Whom 9．________ is still unknown ________ the sports meeting will be held. A．It; whether B．This; that C．That; if D．It; what 10．After a long day of endless meetings and deadlines, ______ she longed for was a quiet mind and a moment of peace. A．that B．what C．whether D．how 11．________ made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A．What; because B．What; that C．That; what D．That; because 12．It is reported __________ the film is well received outside China. A．that B．what C．however D．where 13．It remains to be seen __________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. A．why B．whether C．where D．how 14．— We’ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do? — No, _______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. A．who B．that C．what D．which 15．________ I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier too. A．What B．That C．Which D．How 16．_______ makes Jack different from other boys in his class is that he can keep calm in the face of danger. A．What B．It C．Which D．That 17．Historical anecdotes are always ______ exaggeration, but the photographer’s claim ______ he wanted to allow himself the pleasure of fooling the Nazis with the picture of a Jewish baby appears to be true. A．prone to; that B．tend to; that C．tend to; that what D．prone to; that what 18．I don’t think she has any idea ______ she will end up when she begins writing a novel. A．where B．what C．that D．which 19．The fact many students failed to review the key rules the teacher’s decision to postpone the test. A．that; lead to B．which; leads to C．that; leads to D．why; lead to 20．There are divisions among historians over ________ exactly the construction of the twin temples started, but no one can deny the fact ________ they were constructed in the 13th century BCE. A．what, what B．when, what C．how, that D．when, that 21．________ we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question ________ there is life on other planets. A．What, that B．As, what C．As, whether D．What, whether 22．It is the news ______ she will marry at such a young age ______surprised all of us. A．that; which B．which; that C．that; when D．that; that 23．We found ________funny that the news ________ he had been admitted to Beijing University was not true. A．it; what B．us; what C．it; that D．us; that 24．For the study, participants learned a task____________ they had to recognize a hidden pattern in the questions they were asked. A．that B．what C．which D．where 25．There is growing evidence ____________ staying up late at night has a serious impact on people’s health. A．as B．which C．that D．how 26．The news ______ our team won the game spread quickly. A．which B．what C．that D．where 27．What puzzled the archaeologists was ________ the ancient city had been abandoned so abruptly. A．where B．how C．when D．why 28．He failed in the exam again and ________ made matters worse was ________he began to lose heart. A．it; that B．that; that C．what; that D．how; when 29．—Nowadays students’ health is declining for lack of adequate sleeping time. —Exactly. That is ________ some policy changes are urgently needed. A．where B．how C．what D．which 30．Watching pigeons as they flow was ______ Mei Lanfang developed the expressive eye moments that were so crucial to his arts. A．that B．what C．why D．how 31．What is even more important is ______ the earth cooled down, and water began to appear on its surface. A．what B．as C．that D．which 32．The question is ______ can think of a way to reduce the cost of the product. A．who B．whoever C．what D．whether 33．The essence of craftsmanship is we call “attention to detail” and “persistence in quality”. A．that B．what C．which D．where 34．The reason ______ I have to go is ______ my mother is ill in bed. A．why; why B．why; because C．why; that D．that; because 35．The reason why Peking duck ______ all ages is ______ it combines rich, savory flavors with a delicate balance of textures, offering a culinary experience that resonates with both traditional tastes and contemporary palates. A．appeals to; because B．appeals; because C．appeals to; that D．appeals; why 36．I never really cared about my appearance. That’s ________ I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning. A．when B．because C．why D．how 37．Some young people in America are expected to leave ______ could be life’s most important decision — marriage — entirely up to luck. A．which B．that C．what D．as 38．You can rely on it ________ the project is successfully completed ahead of schedule, the company will give each team member a generous bonus. A．if B．that C．if that D．that if 39．Enlightened parents often afford their children freedom to choose ________ majors satisfy their kids’ curiosity in colleges. A．whatever B．however C．no matter what D．no matter how 40．This city is located in ________ is called the plateau, among the mountains in the state of North Carolina. A．which B．where C．what D．that 41．She will give ______ needs help a warm support, ______ gains her a good reputation in her community. A．who; which B．whoever; which C．what; that D．whomever; that 42．As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ______ he should react on some specific occasions. A．when B．what C．that D．how 43．The result of “drawing water with a bamboo basket” tells us ________ the right way is important. A．which B．why C．what D．when 44．These shoes look very good. I wonder ________. A．how much cost they are B．how much do they cost C．how much they cost D．how much are they cost 45．A colleague asked Helen ______ the greatest challenge was when it came to teaching. A．where B．how C．what D．which 46．Many educators, concerned by the lack of critical thinking in today’s curriculum, think it important ______ students dare ______ conventional wisdom and engage with ideas that might not align with mainstream views. A．whether; challenge B．that; to challenge C．whether; to challenge D．that; challenge 47．As has been confirmed in many cases, a good speaker focuses equally on ______ he tells the audience and on ______ he delivers his speech, using word choice, tone, pacing, and expression to enhance the message. A．what; how B．that; how C．that; that D．what; that 48．You can only be sure of you have at present. You cannot be sure of something you might get in the future. A．that, what B．what, / C．which, that D．that, / 49．People who value personal privacy are concerned about some mobile apps might do with the information they collect. A．what B．that C．why D．how 50．________I'm concerned about most is________ we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time. A．That; how B．What; that C．What; how D．As; whether 51．Fortunately, he was taken to hospital and survived. For many years, Russel refused to talk about ________ happened that morning, ________ it simply as “hell”. A．what, described B．that, having described C．what, describing D．that, described 52．His father’s dream was ________ one day he could write a great masterpiece recording ________ had happened in history. A．whether, that B．that, what C．if, that D．what, which 53．The records show ________ the visitors were astonished by ________ rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was. A．how, what B．what, how C．that, how D．when, what 54．It is through our research into space ________ we have confirmed ________ the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun. A．what, that B．that, that C．that, what D．what, what 55．Some people believe ________ space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth. A．that while B．that C．while that D．while 56．The candidates needed to prove _______ they were the best person to do the job. A．how B．why C．that D．what 57．You can invite ________ you want to come to your birthday party. A．whatever B．whomever C．no matter whom D．no matter what 58．At last the soldiers reached ________ the locals called the Golden Triangle. A．that B．where C．when D．what 59．The chief manager has decided to put ________ he thinks is energetic, clever in the position of the leadership of the company. A．those who B．anyone C．whomever D．whoever 60．The only system I know ________will help you remember________you have heard at a lecture is the system of keeping notes. A．that, that B．which, that C．that, what D．which, what 二、阅读理解 1 Stanford University Summer Fellowship 2025 in USA Are you a Young Leader and interested in a Fully Funded Leadership Program? The applications are open to apply for the TF NUS LEARN Summer Program 2025 in Singapore. Candidates from all around the world are welcomed to apply for the TF NUS LEARN Program. The TF NUS LEARN Program is all about the cultural exchange, networking, and leadership development. Below are more details. Objective of the Program ※To identify the leader in you ※To further enhance your leadership skills ※To boost your leadership style for your future Detailed Programme Dates Events Locations 13 June 2025 Pre-Departure Briefing and Introduction Zoom (link will be sent at a later date) 30 June to 11 July 2025 Hidden Communities and Community Leadership NUS 14 July to 18 July 2025 Future Of Community Development in Southeast Asia NUS Financial Benefits The program covers airfare tickets, accommodation, living expenses, and program fee. Qualification Criteria ※The program requires full attendance. ※Students must be recommended by their home university. ※Recommended students will be contacted by the program for further information. ※Applicants are not required to pay the fees. How to Apply for the TF NUS LEARN Summer Program 2025? Applicants must contact their home university to recommend them for the Program. 61．What does the program intend to do? A．To evaluate leadership features. B．To identify outstanding leaders. C．To facilitate leadership growth. D．To build personal connections. 62．What is the feature of the program? A．Its applicants can ask for a leave. B．Its activity site is relatively fixed. C．It emphasizes on-the-snot visits. D．It lasts for more than three weeks. 63．What is a must for students to apply for the program? A．Speaking English fluently. B．Affording living expenses. C．Owning leadership talents. D．Being formally nominated. 2 James in Chengdu: A Photographer Capturing the Soul of Sichuan Opera . In James’ studio in Chengdu, the bustling capital of Sichuan Province, a vibrant photograph of a Sichuan Opera performer in full costume hangs beside a series of black-and-white shots capturing the intricate details of traditional Chinese architecture. These works symbolize the fusion of James’ artistic vision and his deep-rooted affection for Chinese culture. Raised in a family of photographers, the 28-year-old American developed an early passion for capturing moments through the lens. His fascination with Eastern culture was ignited during his college years when he stumbled upon a documentary about Sichuan Opera. “I was immediately captivated by the vivid makeup, the elaborate costumes, and the emotional depth of the performances,” James recalls. “It was like discovering a hidden gem.” Driven by his newfound interest, James decided to visit China in 2020. Upon arriving in Chengdu, he was immediately struck by the city’s laid-back atmosphere and the warmth of its people. “Chengdu is a city that knows how to live,” he says. “The locals have a unique way of blending tradition with modernity, and that’s something I wanted to capture in my photographs.” One of the highlights of James’ time in Chengdu has been his exploration of Sichuan Opera. He has spent countless hours attending performances, observing the performers backstage, and even learning some basic movements and makeup techniques. “The performers pour their hearts and souls into every role,” James explains. “It’s not just about the visual spectacle; it’s about the stories they tell and the emotions they convey.” James’ photographs of Sichuan Opera have gained recognition for their ability to capture the essence of this ancient art form. He focuses on the performers’ facial expressions, the intricate details of their costumes, and the dynamic movements of their performances. Through his lens, he aims to convey the beauty and complexity of Sichuan Opera to a global audience. 64．What does the underlined word “captivated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Bored. B．Fascinated. C．Confused. D．Disappointed. 65．What inspired James to visit Chengdu? A．His family’s influence in photography. B．The low cost of living in Chengdu. C．His interest in Eastern culture, particularly Sichuan Opera. D．The opportunity to study Chinese architecture. 66．What is a notable feature of James’ photographs of Sichuan Opera? A．They focus solely on the visual spectacle of the performances. B．They capture the emotional depth and stories behind the performances. C．They emphasize the technical aspects of the makeup and costumes. D．They compare Sichuan Opera with. 67．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To promote tourism in Chengdu. B．To highlight the cultural diversity of China. C．To advertise James’ photography exhibitions. D．To introduce a foreign photographer in China and his work on Sichuan Opera. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a short story about the Chinese Zodiac 68 (regard) as Shengxiao, and the reason 69 the rat became the first sign. According to legends, there once existed a great race between the 70 (animal) to decide the order of the lunar calendar. The finish line laid on 71 vast river, but the cunning rat hitched a ride on ox ’s shoulder, singing a song to make him go faster, and got to the opposite bank without even 72 (get) his feet wet. Just as he approached the finish line, he quickly jumped off and slipped ahead to take first place. Diligent ox came second while 73 (speed) tiger and rabbit in third and fourth. Parting the clouds, brave dragon flew into 74 (five) with small snake moving just behind. They were followed by horse and sheep, two kind and modest animals who each let the other go first. Monkey 75 (fall) behind but made up ground to come ninth, while rooster, dog and pig killed the last three places. With the race over and the places 76 (decide), the 12-year cycle of the Chinese zodiac came 77 being. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$