专题03 The art of painting (选择必修一）-【暑假自学课】2025年新高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题03 Unit 3 The art of painting (选择必修一) 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 重点单词 1．wander vi.& vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 2．mostly adv.主要地，一般地 3．strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；袭击；击，打 4．like-minded adj.想法相同的，志趣相投的 5．dominate vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视 6．realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 7．vivid adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的 8．display vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现 n．陈列，展览；表现；展示 9．worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 10．shade n．阴影部分；色度；阴凉处 11．bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗 12．wage vt.开始，发动 n．(通常指按周领的)工资，工钱 13．campaign n．(宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt.& vi.发起运动，参加活动 14．insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 15．wind vi.& vt.(wound，wound)蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 16．sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n．帆；乘船航行 17．apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然 18．precise adj.细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的 19．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的 20．comprehensive adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的 21．overall adj.全面的，综合的 adv.全部，总计；一般来说，大体上 22．critic n．批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人 23．crisis n．(pl.crises)危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 24．decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 25．overthrow vt.(overthrew，overthrown)推翻，打倒 n．推翻，打倒 26．outstanding adj.优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的 27．rare adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的 28．historic adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的 重点单词拓展 1．liberation n．解放，摆脱→liberate vt.解放，使自由，摆脱 2．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→opposition n．反对；对立 3．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员→employment n．雇用；就业→unemployment n．失业；失业率 4．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→arrangement n．布置；整理；筹备；安排 5．ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n．野心，雄心；抱负 6．inspection n．检查，查看，审视；视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；审视 7．expose vt.暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿；使遭受；使接触→exposure n．暴露；揭露；接触→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的 8．political adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→politics n．政治学→politician n．政客 9．exhibition n．展览，展出→exhibit v．展览，展出 n．展览品，陈列品 ( 考点 一 strike vt .& vi . ( struck ， struck ) 打；罢工； ( 时钟等 ) 敲响，报 ( 时 ) ；划 ( 火柴 ) ；撞击； ( 灾难、疾病等 ) 侵袭；打动；突然想到 n ． 罢工；袭击；击，打 ) be struck with/by被……所袭击；被……所打动/迷恋…… It strikes/occurs to/hits sb that...某人突然想起…… sth strikes/occurs to/hits sb 某人突然想到…… •be on strike在罢工 go on strike举行罢工 striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的 【易混辨析】strike, hit, beat strike 指用力“击打”, 强调一次性的“打击、敲击”等, 可与hit通用; 也可用作比喻意义 hit 侧重“击中”; 用作名词时, 还可表示“轰动一时的演出或人物” beat 常指连续用力击打, 可用于在游戏、比赛中击败对方, 还可指心脏或脉搏的跳动 When you (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago. 【答案】struck 【详解】考查时态。句意：当你划火柴点雪茄时，我看到那是芝加哥通缉的罪犯的脸。此处使用动词strike作谓语，根据“I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，strike的过去式为struck。故填struck。 ( 考点 二 opposed adj . 截然不同的；强烈反对的 )T •in association with与……联合/有关联 oppose v．反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 •be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 as opposed to(表示对比)而，相对于 •oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事 opposite adj.对面的；相反的；迥然不同的 prep.在……对面 n．对立面，对立的人或物 【知识延伸】oppose=object to=be against 反对; oppose为及物动词, object为不及物动词, against为介词。 Many people in the world are strongly opposed the American involvement in the affairs of other countries. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：世界上许多人强烈反对美国干涉别国事务。be opposed to是固定短语，意为“反对”，因此空格处用介词to，故填to。 ( 考点 三 employ vt . 运用，使用；雇用；利用 ( 时间、精力等 ) ) employ sb to do...雇用某人做…… employ...as...雇用……当…… employ oneself in (doing) sth＝be employed in doing sth 从事于……，忙于…… employer n．雇主 employee n．雇员 employment n．工作；就业；雇用；使用 unemployment n．失业；失业率 He has been employed writing a new book these days. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：他这些日子一直忙于写一本新书。句中be employed in doing something为固定短语，表示“忙于做某事”。故填in。 ( 考点 四 worthy adj . 值得 ( 或应得 ) …… 的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 ) • be worthy＋ •worth adj.值……钱；值得 n．价值 be (well) worth doing...(非常)值得做…… be worth＋n.值得……；值……钱 worthwhile adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的；重要的 •It is worthwhile doing/to do sth 值得做某事。 Furthermore, our classes are worthy being attended, because you can appreciate the differences between Chinese and Western teaching methods. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：此外，我们的课程是值得参加的，因为你可以欣赏中西方教学方法的差异。此处需要使用介词与“worthy”搭配，构成固定结构“be worthy of”，意为“值得……”。故答案为：of。 ( 考点 五 expose v ． 使面临，使遭受 ( 危险或不快 ) ；使接触；暴露，显露；揭露；使曝光 ) expose sth/sb/oneself to...使某物/某人/自己暴露于…… exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的 be exposed to暴露于；经受…… exposure n．暴露；揭露；接触 He was astonished to find that his personal information had been exposed the public. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：他惊讶地发现自己的个人信息已经被公开了。“be exposed to”是固定搭配，意为“暴露于；被公开；接触到”。故填to。 ( 考点 六 decline v ． 衰落，衰败；减少，下降；谢绝 n ． 减少，下降；衰落，衰退 ) decline (to do) sth 拒绝(做)某事 decline by/to...下降了/到…… •be in decline/on the decline在衰退中，在走下坡路；在减少 The man declined (make) a comment on the accident. 【答案】to make 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个人拒绝对事故发表评论。make a comment on sth.“对某事发表评论”。本句谓语为declined，此处为非谓语动词，本空用动词make的不定式，作宾语。故填to make。 ( 考点 七 wander vi. & vt. 闲逛 , 漫步 ; 走失 ; 走神 ; 蜿蜒曲折 greet vt. 问候 , 欢迎 , 招呼 ) wander about/around　 游荡, 徘徊 wander through 穿过; 漫步 wander off/from 偏离(正道); 迷路; 走散 wander over 漫步 He wandered to see me as if he had nothing to do. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：他闲逛进来看我，好像无事可做似的。结合句意表示“闲逛进入”可知短语为wander in，故填in。 ( 考点 八 shade n. 阴影部分 ; 色度 ; 阴凉处 　 v. 遮蔽 , 使渐变 , 把 …… 涂暗 ) (1)in/under the shade of 在……的阴凉处 put sb. /sth. in the shade 使某人/物相形见绌 a shade 稍微(后面接形容词/副词) a shade of 一点(后面接名词) (2)shade sb. /sth. from/against sth. 给某人/物遮挡…… shade into sth. 逐渐变成 【易混辨析】 shade与shadow shade shade可形成一个立体, 表示“阴凉处”“树荫”, 强调避热的作用, 遮蔽光亮和炎热 shadow shadow只在地面上形成一个平面, 强调人或物在光照下形成的影像 You’d better keep the shade of the hut where it’s cooler to avoid sunstroke. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：你最好待在凉爽的小屋阴凉处，以免中暑。此处指“在阴凉处”，应用固定短语 in the shade of，故填in。 ( 考点 九 arrange vt. & vi. 整理 , 布置 ; 安排 , 筹备 ) (1)arrange for sb. /sth. to do sth. 安排某人/某物做某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange with sb. about sth. 和某人商定某事 arrange with sb. to do sth. 和某人商定做某事 (2)arrangement n. 安排, 筹备 make arrangements for 为……做好安排 误区警示 (1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth. , 而不用arrange sb. to do sth. 。 (2)make arrangements for中的arrangement常用复数形式。 The director has specially arranged for a person (rent) the castle to make a film. 【答案】to rent 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：导演特别安排了一个人去租城堡来拍电影。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“has arranged”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中涉及固定短语“arrange for sb. to do sth.”，意为“安排某人去做某事”，空格处应用不定式“to rent”作宾语补足语。故填to rent。 重点短语 1．as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于 2．all walks of life各行各业，社会各界 3．go about sth 忙于做某事，继续做某事 4．be down to由……引起(或造成) 5．in one’s own right凭自身的资格(或努力) 6．speak volumes about充分说明，清楚表明 ( 考点 一 go about sth. 忙于做某事 , 继续做某事 rely on 依赖 , 依靠 , 信任 ) go down　　 下落, 下沉; 下降, 降低, 减低 go into 进入, 从事, 参加; 调查, 研究 go after 追求; 追逐; 设法得到 go all out 全力以赴 go over 复习; 检查; 核对 go through 通过; 查找; 经历; 做完 go up 上升, 上涨; 兴建, 建立 Could you please inform me how to go about (contact) a lawyer? 【答案】contacting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：你能告诉我怎样联系律师吗？结合句意及空前的介词about可知应填动名词形式contacting，作宾语。故填contacting。 重点句型 1．As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery，I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.(as引导时间状语从句) 当我漫步在印象派展馆时，我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。 2．Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen，nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing.(even though引导让步状语从句) 尽管我在电脑屏幕上已经欣赏过它们数百次，但当我终于亲眼见到实物时，还是觉得猝不及防，惊叹不已。 3．It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way.(every time引导时间状语从句) 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 4．Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay...(强调句型) 尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处…… 5．It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng)，the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.(过去分词短语作后置定语) 人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。 ( 考点 一 every time 引导时间状语从句 ) （教材原句）It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 every/each time“每次……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：the first time，the last time，next time，any time，the moment，the minute，the second，the instant等。 每当他遇到障碍时，他从不放弃。（every time引导的时间状语从句; come across） , he never gave up. 【答案】Every time he came across an obstacle 【详解】考查从句和短语。根据句意可知，在陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。且本句为every time引导的时间状语从句，“遇到”为come across；“障碍”为an obstacle。故填Every time he came across an obstacle。 ( 考点 二 强调句 ) （教材原句）Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay...尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处…… 强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。另外要注意：本句型不能用于强调原句的谓语动词。 •一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？ •特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他部分？ •对not...until...句型中的时间状语(从句)进行强调时的结构为：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. (not until) 直到上午九点半，他们才最终到达安大略省省会城市多伦多。 【答案】 It was not until 【详解】考查短语和强调句。“直到……才……”用短语not…until…；句中用强调句结构，其结构为“It is /was +被强调部分+ that +其他部分”，此句强调时间状语not until 9:30 a.m.，根据语境用一般过去时。故填 It was not until。 单元语法 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语 ( 考点 一 动词 -ing 形式作表 语 ) 动词-ing形式作表语, 具有形容词的特征。常见的有: appealing(吸引人的), inviting(诱人的), inspiring(鼓舞人心的), touching(感人的), fascinating(吸引人的)以及一些表示感情的动词-ing形式用作形容词, 例如: amazing(令人吃惊的), embarrassing(令人尴尬的), exciting(令人兴奋的), interesting(有趣的), disappointing(令人失望的), puzzling(令人困惑的), worrying(令人担忧的), boring(令人厌烦的), frightening(令人害怕的), moving(感人的), encouraging(鼓舞人心的), annoying(令人恼怒的)等。 His performance was very moving so the audience kept clapping. 他的表演如此感人, 以至于观众们不停地鼓掌。 The place of interest is so appealing that it is visited by many people every day. 这处名胜如此吸引人以至于每天很多人参观它。 1．He remained (stand) beside the door. 【答案】standing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他仍然站在桌子旁边。根据固定搭配remain doing“保持；依然”，可知，此处用现在分词作表语，故填standing。 2．Now that you are (die) to join in the league, why not try out for it? 【答案】dying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：既然你很想加入这个联盟，为什么不试试呢?根据句意和空格前的are可知，空格处应该填入现在分词dying，构成be dying to do“非常渴望做某事”。故填dying。 ( 考点 二 动词 - ed 形式作表 语 ) 　　动词-ed形式作表语主要说明主语所处的状态。除了用在be动词之后, 还可用于get, become, feel, seem等系动词之后。 For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity. 在这项研究中, 191名平均年龄为50岁的女性参加了自行车运动测试, 直到她们筋疲力尽为止, 以测量她们的心血管功能峰值。 【拓展延伸】常作表语的动词-ed形式大盘点 动词-ed形式作表语时, 相当于形容词。常见的有: determined(坚定的), prepared(准备好的), concerned(担心的, 关心的), devoted(献身的, 忠诚的), lost(迷路的), broken(破碎的), crowded(拥挤的), married(已婚的)以及一些表示感情的动词-ed形式用作形容词, 例如: amazed(吃惊的), embarrassed(尴尬的), annoyed(恼怒的), disappointed(失望的), discouraged(沮丧的), satisfied(满意的), pleased(高兴的), moved(感动的), bored(厌烦的)等。 1．Mr. Brown got up at six, got (dress) and went out to run along the river. 【答案】dressed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：布朗先生六点起床，穿上衣服，然后出去沿着河边跑步。固定搭配get dressed“穿上衣服”，过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态。故填 dressed。 2．I ask you not to get (involve) in this kind of matter. It’s none of your business. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我要求你不要卷入这种事情中，这不关你的事。involve与逻辑主语you之间为被动关系，所以此处为“get done”结构，所以此处使用过去分词形式作表语，get involved in意为“卷入，参与”符合句意。故填involved。 难点一：强调句 1．During the difficult period, (是他们坚强的意志和支持帮助他们通过了挑战). 【答案】it was their strong will and support that helped them get through the challenges 【详解】考查强调句、固定短语和时态。分析句子结构，根据汉语提示可知，此处使用强调句结构“it is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分”，句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，被强调部分为“他们坚强的意志和支持”，翻译为“their strong will and support” ；“帮助某人做某事”是help sb do sth；“通过”是get through；“挑战”是challenge，此处为泛指，用复数形式。故填it was their strong will and support that helped them get through the challenges。 2．直到昨天我才得知这件事。(not until;强调句) 【答案】It was not until yesterday that I learned it. 3．是因为天气不好我才迟到的。(强调句) 【答案】It was because of the bad weather that I was late. 4．是一瓶矿泉水帮助他在地震中活了下来。（It） 【答案】It was a bottle of mineral water that helped him survive the earthquake. 【详解】考查强调句、时态。表示“一瓶矿泉水”用a bottle of mineral water，在句中作主语；结合语境可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以时态用一般过去时，表示“帮助某人做某事”用help sb. (to) do sth.，谓语用过去式helped，宾语用him；表示“活下来”用survive，用省略to的不定式，作宾补；表示“地震”用the earthquake。本句使用强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”，本句中被强调部分是a bottle of mineral water，强调的是物，所以用that。故翻译为It was a bottle of mineral water that helped him survive the earthquake. 难点二：动词过去分词作表语 1．The man seems to be tired. (改写为用过去分词作表语的句子) 【答案】The man seems tired. 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这个人似乎很累。原句中 “to be tired” 可直接改写为 “tired”，用过去分词作表语，描述 “man” 的状态。故填：The man seems tired. 2．The workers in this company get their pay at the end of the month. → (get + 过去分词) 【答案】The workers in this company get paid at the end of the month. 【详解】考查get +过去分词形式。句意：这家公司的工人每月月底发工资。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，此处为get +过去分词构成的系表结构，get paid“得到报酬”，paid是过去分词作表语。故答案是：The workers in this company get paid at the end of the month. 难点三：动词现在分词作表语 1．The result made us disappointed. →The result to us. 【答案】was disappointing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。现在分词作定语或表语时，一般修饰物；过去分词则一般修饰人。根据主语The result可知指物，用现在分词作表语。故填was disappointing。 3．Designing machines is my job. →My job is . 【答案】designing machines 【详解】考查非谓语动词。动名词作表语主要是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释。动名词作表语时它可与主语交换位置，所以用动名词作表语。故填designing machines。 4．Arriving at the factory half an hour early is his habit. →His habit is . 【答案】arriving at the factory half an hour early 【详解】考查非谓语动词。动名词作表语主要是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释。动名词作表语时它可与主语交换位置，所以用动名词作表语。故填arriving at the factory half an hour early。 · 提升专练 一．单句语法填空 1．With cars as old as the 1988 Oldsmobile Cutlass (display) information on the windscreen, HUDs are (increasing) found in mainstream vehicles. 【答案】 displaying increasingly 【详解】考查非谓语动词和副词。句意：随着像1988年奥兹莫比尔Cutlass这样老旧的汽车在挡风玻璃上显示信息，抬头显示器（HUDs）越来越多地出现在主流车辆中。第一空需要用非谓语动词displaying作后置定语，修饰cars，display与cares是主动关系，用现在分词形式；第二空需要用副词increasingly修饰动词found作状语。故填①displaying②increasingly。 2．It was dark at that moment but some children around instead of going home. (wander) 【答案】were wandering 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：那时天已经黑了，但是一些孩子没有回家，而是在四处游荡。表示转折意义的but连接两个句子，所以此空为谓语动词，根据时间状语at that moment可知，此处应使用过去进行时，主语some children与wander之间为主动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填were wandering。 3．In recent years, social policy (dominate) by cutting down expenses. 【答案】has been dominated 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：近年来，社会政策一直以削减开支为主导。根据In recent years可知，本句为现在完成时，且social policy 与dominate为被动关系，所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been dominated。 4．When I arrived there, I (strike) by the beauty of the snow-covered rural landscape. 【答案】was struck 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：当我到达那里时，我被白雪覆盖的乡村美景所吸引。此空为主句的谓语动词，根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词arrived可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，strike与主语I之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第一人称。故填was struck。 5．He’s (real) enough to know he’s not going to succeed overnight. 【答案】realistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他很现实，知道自己不可能一夜成名。作表语，表示“现实的”应用形容词realistic。故填realistic。 6．Da Vinci is believed (employ) oil paints already long before this technique reached its height with Rembrandt. 【答案】to have employed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为，早在伦勃朗的油画技术达到顶峰之前，达·芬奇就已经开始使用油彩了。be believed to do sth.“人们相信……，……被认为……”。employ动作发生在谓语is believed之前，用不定式的完成式，故填to have employed。 7．One morning, Ann’s neighbor Tracy found a lost dog (wander) around the local elementary school. 【答案】wandering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一天早上，安的邻居特蕾西发现一只走失的狗在当地的小学里游荡。句中谓语是found，空格处用非谓语动词作宾补，dog和wander之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填wandering。 8．Michelle Obama made a strong impression all of us when giving a speech. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：米歇尔・奥巴马在演讲时，给我们所有人留下了深刻印象。固定短语make an impression on sb.，意为“给某人留下印象”，所以此处填介词on。故填on。 9．Yang Zhenning is an (influence) figure in the field of physics. 【答案】influential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：杨振宁是物理学领域有影响的人物。根据句意及单词提示可知，此处应用形容词做定语修饰名词figure。故填influential。 10．I will give you more (detail) information about this. 【答案】detailed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：关于这个问题，我将向大家提供更详细的情况。分析句子成分可知，“more  ________  (detail)”作定语修饰其后的名词information，所以应用形容词，结合句意，并根据所给提示词，“detailed(详细的，详尽的)”符合语境，故填detailed。 11．My sister prefers (go) shopping with her friends rather than (stay) at home with us. 【答案】 to go stay 【详解】考查固定短语 。句意：我妹妹宁愿和她的朋友去购物，也不愿和我们呆在家里。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做......而不做......” 为固定短语。再根据句意和所给出的提示词。故填①to go②stay。 12．All of us are looking forward to (increase) our income. 【答案】increasing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们所有人都期待着增加收入。短语look forward to doing sth.，意为“期盼做某事”，to为介词，其后要跟动名词。结合句中are looking forward to，所以此处填increasing。故填increasing。 13．The (politics) leader turned out to be a person of integrity and dignity, which was contrary to the rumor. 【答案】political 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位政治领袖原来是一个正直而有尊严的人，这与谣言相反。由空后leader为名词可知，此处为形容词political“政治的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填political。 14．The meat at this (butcher) is always very fresh. 【答案】butcher’s 【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：这家肉铺的肉总是很新鲜。在英文中，表示店铺、住宅、公共机构、公共建筑物以及教堂的名字或某人家时，名词所有格后经常不出现它所修饰的名词。at the butcher’s意思是“在肉店”。故填butcher’s。 15．To some degree, only those people who are (ambition) can have their own careers. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在某种程度上，只有那些雄心勃勃的人才能拥有自己的事业。空格处位于be动词之后，所以需要填入形容词作表语；ambition为名词，形容词为ambitious，意为“雄心勃勃的”。故填ambitious。 16．He was an (ambition) man with a strong motive for doing something. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一个有抱负的人，有着强烈的动机去做某事。空处需要用到形容词作定语修饰名词man。ambition是一个名词，其形容词为ambitious，故填ambitious。 17．The documents are available for (inspect). 【答案】inspection 【详解】考查名词固。句意：文件可供检查。inspect是个动词，意思是“检阅”，前面有介词for，故需要将inspect变成名词，inspection，for inspection的意思是“用于检阅”，符合题意，故答案是inspection。 18．Jack was an (ambition) young man, and one of his dreams was to fight his way into the fashion world. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：杰克是个雄心勃勃的年轻人，他的梦想之一就是在时尚界闯出一条路来。修饰名词man，需用形容词ambitious，作定语。故填ambitious。 19．In recent years, however, membership (decline) . 【答案】has been declining 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，近年来，会员人数一直在下降。根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，此处表示一个动作从过去开始持续到现在并将持续下去，使用现在完成进行时，主语为membership，助动词用has。故填has been declining。 20．Researchers claim that young people may risk going deaf if (expose) to very loud music on a daily basis. 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：研究人员声称，如果年轻人每天接触非常吵闹的音乐，可能会面临失聪的风险。此处是if引导的状语从句的省略，当从句主语和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，主语young people和exposed是被动关系，完整从句为if they are exposed to very loud music on a daily basis，省略they are，故填exposed。 21．Last Sunday, I went to the gallery in our city to visit the (exhibit) of Qi Baishi’s works together with my classmates. 【答案】exhibition 【详解】考查名词。句意：上周日，我和同学一起去我们市的画廊参观齐白石的作品展。分析句子，设空处使用exhibit的名词exhibition作宾语，意为“展览”。故填exhibition。 22．It’s one of the (rare) big cats in the world. 【答案】rarest 【详解】考查形容词的最高级。句意：这是世界上最罕见的大猫之一。根据下文“in the world(世界上)”以及空白处前面的定冠词the可推理出本句表示最高级，形容词应使用最高级形式，形容词rare为原级，其最高级形式为：rarest，故填rarest。 二．完成句子 1．他突然意识到照片中的其他中国人不关心他们的同胞发生了什么事情。（运用it作形式主语） the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. 【答案】It struck him that 【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。用it作形式主语表示“他突然意识到”用固定句型it strikes sb+that；谓语动词用过去式，表示“他”为宾格him，that引导主语从句作真正主语。句首字母大写，故填It struck him that。 2．乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为一名独一无二的球星。 Jordan’s skills were impressive, but . 【答案】the mental strength he displayed made him a unique star 【详解】考查名词、定语从句及make复合结构。根据Jordan’s skills were impressive可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“精神力量”译为the mental strength，“他所展示的”可使用省略关系代词的限定性定语从句he displayed，修饰先行词the mental strength，“使他成为一名独一无二的球星”使用make复合结构make sb. sth.，译为make him a unique star，句子使用一般过去时。故填the mental strength he displayed made him a unique star。 3．外面那么吵，我无法集中精力学习。（focus） With all that noise going on outside, I can’t my study. 【答案】focus on 【详解】考查短语。结合句意，空白处需要填“集中于”，短语focus on，意为“集中于”，结合设空去情态动词，所以此处用短语原形。故填focus on。 4．即使她什么也不做，她的丈夫仍然爱她。 she does nothing, her husband still loves her. 【答案】Even if/though 【详解】考查固定短语。根据所给汉语并分析句子可知，需要表达“即使”，是固定短语even if或even though，首字母大写，故填Even if/though。 5．父母的行为对孩子的影响很大。（influence) Parents' behaviours children. 【答案】have a great influence on 【详解】考查短语、时态和主谓一致。结合句意可知，本句表示客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时。设空处在句中为谓语，主语parents behaviors为复数含义，所以谓语用动词原形；短语have a great influence on “对……有很大影响”为固定短语，故填have a great influence on。 6．我的父母对我的同学琳达印象很好。（impression) My parents of my classmate Linda. 【答案】had a good impression 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。分析可知，设空处缺少谓语，短语have a good impression，意为“有一个好印象”，根据语境，可知描述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，故填had a good impression。 7．我们的老师已安排我去参加会议。 Our teacher has . 【答案】arranged for me to attend the meeting 【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。“安排某人去做某事”为固定搭配arrange for sb. to do sth.，“我”为me作宾语，“参加”为动词attend，“会议”为名词meeting，此处是特指这次会议，应用定冠词the修饰名词meeting，由“已经”和has可知，句子应用现在完成时，谓语动词arrange应用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时，故填arranged for me to attend the meeting。 8．郑和到达东非的时间比哥伦布横渡大西洋早了80年。 It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic . 【答案】that Zhenghe sailed to East Africa 【详解】考查强调句型和时态。“到达东非”译为动词短语sail to East Africa，本句是强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(被强调部分是人时可用who)...”，被强调部分是时间状语，故强调句型中用that，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填that Zhenghe sailed to East Africa。 9．一条曲折的河流蜿蜒流入大海。 A wandering river . 【答案】winds its way to the sea 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“蜿蜒流入大海”翻译为wind one’s way to the sea，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为river，谓语用三单形式。故填winds its way to the sea。 10．共享单车不仅给了我们一个锻炼的机会，而且有助于减少私家车的使用。 bike-sharing give us a chance to exercise, it helps to decrease the use of private cars. 【答案】 Not only does but also 【详解】考查部分倒装和一般现在时。Not only…but also连接两个句子，当Not only位于句首时，句子用部分倒装；该句在描述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时；bike-sharing是句子主语，第三人称单数，所以用助动词does。故填Not only does；but also。 11．当我们处于危险之中时，我们应保持镇定。（danger） When we , we should keep calm. 【答案】are in danger 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意表示“处于危险之中”可知短语为be in danger，此处应用一般现在时，主语为we，谓语动词用复数。故填are in danger。 12．吉姆和他的父母正在国外旅行，所以他们能好好欣赏美景并学习异国文化。（as well as） Jim, his parents, (be) travelling in foreign countries, so they can enjoy beautiful scenery and learn foreign cultures. 【答案】 as well as is 【详解】考查连词、时态和主谓一致。表示“和……”且和前面主语用逗号隔开，用连词as well as，谓语动词不受其影响，仍然和前面主语保持一致，根据句意，用的是现在进行时。故填as well as；is。 13．他收集的数据对你的研究做出了很大的贡献。（contribution） The data which he collected to your research. 【答案】made a great contribution 【详解】考查一般过去时和固定搭配。根据“which he collected”可知，此处应用一般过去时。根据提示，表示“给……做贡献”应用固定搭配make a contribution to。表示“很大的”应用形容词great修饰名词contribution。故填made a great contribution。 14．这台电脑储存了大量信息。（amount) This computer stores information. 【答案】a large amount of 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“大量”，修饰不可数名词information，应用短语a large amount of。故填a large amount of。 三．完形填空 I loved travel and had visited 67 countries with friends and family. This time, 1 I’d be travelling alone, which was daunting as a woman with a/an 2 . I’ve found walking painful since childhood, but I quickly learnt to 3 life in a wheelchair. And this year, I quit my job to 4 a year-long world journey. I contacted Guinness while planning and they said solo disability travel to 40+ countries in a year sets a record. I logged it in my mind as a potential 5 . In developed countries, accessibility for the disabled isn’t as much of an 6 , but my first destination was Bali. I was 7 . My partner, Tony, encouraged me, sensing my nerves, “This has always been your dream.” In Bali, I arranged for a driver to show me the island’s sights. “I want to go to the very top,” I told the driver. “The road doesn’t go that far,” he 8 . It was 9 . I knew the view there would be incredible. 10 , the driver and two locals carried me to the 11 ! Rather than making me feel like a 12 , they smiled the whole way. After that, I traveled freely and visited 66 countries solo. I posted the 13 to Guinness and, the next week, received a plain email: Your record has been 14 . The feeling of achievement was amazing. Now, I’m writing a book about my travels, using my record as 15 that a disability doesn’t stop you from exploring the world. 1．A．somewhat B．though C．hence D．unless 2．A．alternative B．ambition C．talent D．disability 3．A．consume B．survive C．transform D．navigate 4．A．depart on B．search for C．set aside D．cut out 5．A．chance B．job C．goal D．lesson 6．A．interest B．occasion C．event D．issue 7．A．worried B．delighted C．annoyed D．relieved 8．A．apologized B．promised C．recommended D．agreed 9．A．satisfying B．confusing C．disappointing D．exciting 10．A．Desperately B．Awkwardly C．Confidently D．Kindly 11．A．valley B．peak C．cliff D．island 12．A．joke B．failure C．burden D．fool 13．A．evidence B．inconvenience C．performance D．assistance 14．A．declined B．approved C．broken D．updated 15．A．reward B．reaction C．proof D．concept 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了身患残疾的作者独自来到巴厘岛旅游，在道路不通的情况下，司机和两位当地人将她送上了山顶，完成了她的心愿。此后，作者独自去了66个国家，创造了吉尼斯纪录，作者同时正在写书告诉读者残疾不会阻止人们探索世界。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过这一次我将独自旅行，这对一个残疾女性来说是令人生畏的。A. somewhat稍微、有点；B. though然而、不过；C. hence因此、之后；D. unless除非。根据上句“I loved travel and had visited 67 countries with friends and family.(我喜欢旅行，和朋友和家人去过67个国家。)”可知，作者之前旅行都是和家人朋友一起去的，而这次是独自前往，所以两句之间为转折关系。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过这一次我将独自旅行，这对一个残疾女性来说是令人生畏的。A. alternative可供选择的事物；B. ambition雄心、抱负；C. talent才能；D. disability残疾。根据下文“I’ve found walking painful since childhood, but I quickly learnt to 　3　life in a wheelchair.(我从小就觉得走路很痛苦，但我很快学会了在轮椅上生活。)”可知，作者需要坐轮椅生活，是个残疾人。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从小就觉得走路很痛苦，但我很快学会了在轮椅上生活。A. consume消费、消耗；B. survive幸存、存活；C. transform转变、使改观；D. navigate导航、处理。由句中“in a wheel”可知，作者身患残疾，需要坐着轮椅来引导、应对生活，处理生活中的各项事情。故选D。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：今年，我辞去了工作，开始了为期一年的环球旅行。A. depart on出发、启程；B. search for搜寻；C. set aside留出、搁置；D. cut out切去、删除。根据句中“quit a job”和下句“I contacted Guinness while planning and they said solo disability travel to 40+ countries in a year sets a record.(我在计划的时候联系了吉尼斯，他们说一年内独自去40多个国家旅行创造了纪录。)”可知，作者辞职是为了出发开始一年的环球旅行。故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它记在脑子里，作为一个潜在的目标。A. chance机会；B. job工作；C. goal目标；D. lesson教训、课程。根据上句“I contacted Guinness while planning and they said solo disability travel to 40+ countries in a year sets a record.(我在计划的时候联系了吉尼斯，他们说一年内独自去40多个国家旅行创造了纪录。)”和下文“I posted the 　13　　 to Guinness and, the next week, received a plain email: Your record has been 　14　.(我把证据寄给了吉尼斯，一周后，我收到了一封简单的电子邮件：你的记录被批准了。)”可知，作者最后独自去了66个国家旅游，创造了吉尼斯纪录，可见当初他知道了一年内独自去40多个国家旅游就可以创造纪录时，应该是把它当成了一个潜在的目标去实现了。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在发达国家，残疾人无障碍通行并不是什么大问题，但我的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. interest兴趣；B. occasion场合；C, event事件；D. issue问题。根据下句“but my first destination was Bali.”可知，该句表达了转折意义，而巴厘岛并不在发达国家，说明在发达国家，残疾人无障碍通行不是什么大问题，但是在巴厘岛就不行了。故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很担心。A. worried担心的；B. delighted高兴的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. relieved放心的、宽慰的。根据上句“In developed countries, accessibility for the disabled isn’t as much of an 　6　, but my first destination was Bali.(在发达国家，残疾人无障碍通行并不是什么大问题，但我的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。)”可知，残疾人无障碍通行在巴厘岛并不普及，所以作者感到担心。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这条路不走那么远，”他道歉道。A. apologized道歉；B. promised承诺；C. recommended推荐；D. agreed同意。根据上句““I want to go to the very top,” I told the driver.(“我想去最顶端，”我对司机说。)”可知，因为这条路不通到最顶端，所以无法实现作者的愿望，故司机向作者道歉。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很令人失望。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据第8小题和下句“I knew the view there would be incredible.(我就那里的景色会很美。)”可知，作者知道顶端的景色一定会非常美丽，但是因为道路不通上不去，所以感到失望。故选C。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：司机和两个当地人好心地把我送上了山顶！A. Desperately绝望地；B. Awkwardly笨拙地；C. Confidently自信地；D. Kindly友好地、善良地。根据句中“the driver and two locals carried me to the 　11　!”可知，汽车无法开到山顶，作者又无法行走，所以司机和两个当地人应该是抬着作者上了山顶，这是非常善良好心的举动。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机和两个当地人好心地把我送上了山顶！A. valley山谷；B. peak山顶；C. cliff悬崖；D. island岛屿。根据上文““I want to go to the very top,” I told the driver.(“我想去最顶端，”我对司机说。)”，作者想去山顶，所以司机和两个当地人应该是将作者送上了山顶。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们没有让我觉得自己是个负担，而是全程微笑。A. joke笑话；B. failure失败；C. burden负担；D. fool傻瓜。根据句中“they smiled the whold way”可知，作者是个无法行走的残疾人，所以司机和两个当地人送她上山顶一定是非常辛苦艰难的，会让她感觉自己是一个负担，但是他们全程微笑，没有让作者有这种感觉。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 我把证据寄给了吉尼斯，一周后，我收到了一封简单的电子邮件：你的纪录被批准了。A. evidence证据；B. inconvenience不方便；C. performance表演；D. assistance帮助。根据句中“Guinness”和“Your record has been   14 .”可知，作者创造了吉尼斯纪录，而要获得官方认可需要将自己独自去了66个国家旅游的相关证据寄给吉尼斯，通过审核后才可以。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我把证据寄给了吉尼斯，一周后，我收到了一封简单的电子邮件：你的纪录被批准了。A. declined拒绝；B. approved批准、通过；C. broken打破；D. updated升级。根据下句“The feeling of achievement was amazing.(这种成就感是惊人的。)”可知，作者获得了成功，说明他申请的吉尼斯纪录获得了批准。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我正在写一本关于我旅行的书，用我的记录来证明残疾不会阻止你探索世界。A. reward回报。B. reaction反应；C. proof证据，证明；D. concept概念。根据上文“After that, I traveled freely and visited 66 countries solo.(此后，我自由旅行，独自游历了66个国家。)”和第14小题可知，作者独自旅行了66个国家，创造了吉尼斯纪录，作者也在她的书中用这个纪录证明了残疾并不会阻止你去探索世界。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 Unit 3 The art of painting (选择必修一) 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 重点单词 1．wander vi.& vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 2．mostly adv.主要地，一般地 3．strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；袭击；击，打 4．like-minded adj.想法相同的，志趣相投的 5．dominate vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视 6．realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的 7．vivid adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的 8．display vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现 n．陈列，展览；表现；展示 9．worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 10．shade n．阴影部分；色度；阴凉处 11．bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗 12．wage vt.开始，发动 n．(通常指按周领的)工资，工钱 13．campaign n．(宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt.& vi.发起运动，参加活动 14．insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 15．wind vi.& vt.(wound，wound)蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕 16．sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n．帆；乘船航行 17．apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然 18．precise adj.细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的 19．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的 20．comprehensive adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的 21．overall adj.全面的，综合的 adv.全部，总计；一般来说，大体上 22．critic n．批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人 23．crisis n．(pl.crises)危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 24．decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 25．overthrow vt.(overthrew，overthrown)推翻，打倒 n．推翻，打倒 26．outstanding adj.优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的 27．rare adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的 28．historic adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的 重点单词拓展 1．liberation n．解放，摆脱→liberate vt.解放，使自由，摆脱 2．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→opposition n．反对；对立 3．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员→employment n．雇用；就业→unemployment n．失业；失业率 4．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→arrangement n．布置；整理；筹备；安排 5．ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n．野心，雄心；抱负 6．inspection n．检查，查看，审视；视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；审视 7．expose vt.暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿；使遭受；使接触→exposure n．暴露；揭露；接触→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的 8．political adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→politics n．政治学→politician n．政客 9．exhibition n．展览，展出→exhibit v．展览，展出 n．展览品，陈列品 ( 考点 一 strike vt .& vi . ( struck ， struck ) 打；罢工； ( 时钟等 ) 敲响，报 ( 时 ) ；划 ( 火柴 ) ；撞击； ( 灾难、疾病等 ) 侵袭；打动；突然想到 n ． 罢工；袭击；击，打 ) be struck with/by被……所袭击；被……所打动/迷恋…… It strikes/occurs to/hits sb that...某人突然想起…… sth strikes/occurs to/hits sb 某人突然想到…… •be on strike在罢工 go on strike举行罢工 striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的 【易混辨析】strike, hit, beat strike 指用力“击打”, 强调一次性的“打击、敲击”等, 可与hit通用; 也可用作比喻意义 hit 侧重“击中”; 用作名词时, 还可表示“轰动一时的演出或人物” beat 常指连续用力击打, 可用于在游戏、比赛中击败对方, 还可指心脏或脉搏的跳动 When you (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago. ( 考点 二 opposed adj . 截然不同的；强烈反对的 ) •in association with与……联合/有关联 oppose v．反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 •be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 as opposed to(表示对比)而，相对于 •oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事 opposite adj.对面的；相反的；迥然不同的 prep.在……对面 n．对立面，对立的人或物 【知识延伸】oppose=object to=be against 反对; oppose为及物动词, object为不及物动词, against为介词。 Many people in the world are strongly opposed the American involvement in the affairs of other countries. ( 考点 三 employ vt . 运用，使用；雇用；利用 ( 时间、精力等 ) ) employ sb to do...雇用某人做…… employ...as...雇用……当…… employ oneself in (doing) sth＝be employed in doing sth 从事于……，忙于…… employer n．雇主 employee n．雇员 employment n．工作；就业；雇用；使用 unemployment n．失业；失业率 He has been employed writing a new book these days. ( 考点 四 worthy adj . 值得 ( 或应得 ) …… 的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的 ) • be worthy＋ •worth adj.值……钱；值得 n．价值 be (well) worth doing...(非常)值得做…… be worth＋n.值得……；值……钱 worthwhile adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的；重要的 •It is worthwhile doing/to do sth 值得做某事。 Furthermore, our classes are worthy being attended, because you can appreciate the differences between Chinese and Western teaching methods. ( 考点 五 expose v ． 使面临，使遭受 ( 危险或不快 ) ；使接触；暴露，显露；揭露；使曝光 ) expose sth/sb/oneself to...使某物/某人/自己暴露于…… exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的 be exposed to暴露于；经受…… exposure n．暴露；揭露；接触 He was astonished to find that his personal information had been exposed the public. ( 考点 六 decline v ． 衰落，衰败；减少，下降；谢绝 n ． 减少，下降；衰落，衰退 ) decline (to do) sth 拒绝(做)某事 decline by/to...下降了/到…… •be in decline/on the decline在衰退中，在走下坡路；在减少 The man declined (make) a comment on the accident. ( 考点 七 wander vi. & vt. 闲逛 , 漫步 ; 走失 ; 走神 ; 蜿蜒曲折 greet vt. 问候 , 欢迎 , 招呼 ) wander about/around　 游荡, 徘徊 wander through 穿过; 漫步 wander off/from 偏离(正道); 迷路; 走散 wander over 漫步 He wandered to see me as if he had nothing to do. ( 考点 八 shade n. 阴影部分 ; 色度 ; 阴凉处 　 v. 遮蔽 , 使渐变 , 把 …… 涂暗 ) (1)in/under the shade of 在……的阴凉处 put sb. /sth. in the shade 使某人/物相形见绌 a shade 稍微(后面接形容词/副词) a shade of 一点(后面接名词) (2)shade sb. /sth. from/against sth. 给某人/物遮挡…… shade into sth. 逐渐变成 【易混辨析】 shade与shadow shade shade可形成一个立体, 表示“阴凉处”“树荫”, 强调避热的作用, 遮蔽光亮和炎热 shadow shadow只在地面上形成一个平面, 强调人或物在光照下形成的影像 You’d better keep the shade of the hut where it’s cooler to avoid sunstroke. ( 考点 九 arrange vt. & vi. 整理 , 布置 ; 安排 , 筹备 ) (1)arrange for sb. /sth. to do sth. 安排某人/某物做某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange with sb. about sth. 和某人商定某事 arrange with sb. to do sth. 和某人商定做某事 (2)arrangement n. 安排, 筹备 make arrangements for 为……做好安排 误区警示 (1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth. , 而不用arrange sb. to do sth. 。 (2)make arrangements for中的arrangement常用复数形式。 The director has specially arranged for a person (rent) the castle to make a film. 重点短语 1．as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于 2．all walks of life各行各业，社会各界 3．go about sth 忙于做某事，继续做某事 4．be down to由……引起(或造成) 5．in one’s own right凭自身的资格(或努力) 6．speak volumes about充分说明，清楚表明 ( 考点 一 go about sth. 忙于做某事 , 继续做某事 rely on 依赖 , 依靠 , 信任 ) go down　　 下落, 下沉; 下降, 降低, 减低 go into 进入, 从事, 参加; 调查, 研究 go after 追求; 追逐; 设法得到 go all out 全力以赴 go over 复习; 检查; 核对 go through 通过; 查找; 经历; 做完 go up 上升, 上涨; 兴建, 建立 Could you please inform me how to go about (contact) a lawyer? 重点句型 1．As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery，I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.(as引导时间状语从句) 当我漫步在印象派展馆时，我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。 2．Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen，nothing could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing.(even though引导让步状语从句) 尽管我在电脑屏幕上已经欣赏过它们数百次，但当我终于亲眼见到实物时，还是觉得猝不及防，惊叹不已。 3．It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way.(every time引导时间状语从句) 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 4．Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay...(强调句型) 尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处…… 5．It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng)，the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.(过去分词短语作后置定语) 人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。 ( 考点 一 every time 引导时间状语从句 ) （教材原句）It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond’s beauty to the canvas in a unique way. 令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。 every/each time“每次……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有：the first time，the last time，next time，any time，the moment，the minute，the second，the instant等。 每当他遇到障碍时，他从不放弃。（every time引导的时间状语从句; come across） , he never gave up. ( 考点 二 强调句 ) （教材原句）Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d’Orsay...尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处…… 强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。另外要注意：本句型不能用于强调原句的谓语动词。 •一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？ •特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他部分？ •对not...until...句型中的时间状语(从句)进行强调时的结构为：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. (not until) 直到上午九点半，他们才最终到达安大略省省会城市多伦多。 单元语法 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语 ( 考点 一 动词 -ing 形式作表 语 ) 动词-ing形式作表语, 具有形容词的特征。常见的有: appealing(吸引人的), inviting(诱人的), inspiring(鼓舞人心的), touching(感人的), fascinating(吸引人的)以及一些表示感情的动词-ing形式用作形容词, 例如: amazing(令人吃惊的), embarrassing(令人尴尬的), exciting(令人兴奋的), interesting(有趣的), disappointing(令人失望的), puzzling(令人困惑的), worrying(令人担忧的), boring(令人厌烦的), frightening(令人害怕的), moving(感人的), encouraging(鼓舞人心的), annoying(令人恼怒的)等。 His performance was very moving so the audience kept clapping. 他的表演如此感人, 以至于观众们不停地鼓掌。 The place of interest is so appealing that it is visited by many people every day. 这处名胜如此吸引人以至于每天很多人参观它。 1．He remained (stand) beside the door. 2．Now that you are (die) to join in the league, why not try out for it? ( 考点 二 动词 - ed 形式作表 语 ) 　　动词-ed形式作表语主要说明主语所处的状态。除了用在be动词之后, 还可用于get, become, feel, seem等系动词之后。 For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity. 在这项研究中, 191名平均年龄为50岁的女性参加了自行车运动测试, 直到她们筋疲力尽为止, 以测量她们的心血管功能峰值。 【拓展延伸】常作表语的动词-ed形式大盘点 动词-ed形式作表语时, 相当于形容词。常见的有: determined(坚定的), prepared(准备好的), concerned(担心的, 关心的), devoted(献身的, 忠诚的), lost(迷路的), broken(破碎的), crowded(拥挤的), married(已婚的)以及一些表示感情的动词-ed形式用作形容词, 例如: amazed(吃惊的), embarrassed(尴尬的), annoyed(恼怒的), disappointed(失望的), discouraged(沮丧的), satisfied(满意的), pleased(高兴的), moved(感动的), bored(厌烦的)等。 1．Mr. Brown got up at six, got (dress) and went out to run along the river. 2．I ask you not to get (involve) in this kind of matter. It’s none of your business. 难点一：强调句 1．During the difficult period, (是他们坚强的意志和支持帮助他们通过了挑战). 2．直到昨天我才得知这件事。(not until;强调句) 3．是因为天气不好我才迟到的。(强调句) 4．是一瓶矿泉水帮助他在地震中活了下来。（It） 难点二：动词过去分词作表语 1．The man seems to be tired. (改写为用过去分词作表语的句子) 2．The workers in this company get their pay at the end of the month. → (get + 过去分词) 难点三：动词现在分词作表语 1．The result made us disappointed. →The result to us. 2．Designing machines is my job. →My job is . 3．Arriving at the factory half an hour early is his habit. →His habit is . · 提升专练 一．单句语法填空 1．With cars as old as the 1988 Oldsmobile Cutlass (display) information on the windscreen, HUDs are (increasing) found in mainstream vehicles. 2．It was dark at that moment but some children around instead of going home. (wander) 3．In recent years, social policy (dominate) by cutting down expenses. 4．When I arrived there, I (strike) by the beauty of the snow-covered rural landscape. 5．He’s (real) enough to know he’s not going to succeed overnight. 6．Da Vinci is believed (employ) oil paints already long before this technique reached its height with Rembrandt. 7．One morning, Ann’s neighbor Tracy found a lost dog (wander) around the local elementary school. 8．Michelle Obama made a strong impression all of us when giving a speech. 9．Yang Zhenning is an (influence) figure in the field of physics. 10．I will give you more (detail) information about this. 11．My sister prefers (go) shopping with her friends rather than (stay) at home with us. 12．All of us are looking forward to (increase) our income. 13．The (politics) leader turned out to be a person of integrity and dignity, which was contrary to the rumor. 14．The meat at this (butcher) is always very fresh. 15．To some degree, only those people who are (ambition) can have their own careers. 16．He was an (ambition) man with a strong motive for doing something. 17．The documents are available for (inspect). 18．Jack was an (ambition) young man, and one of his dreams was to fight his way into the fashion world. 19．In recent years, however, membership (decline) . 20．Researchers claim that young people may risk going deaf if (expose) to very loud music on a daily basis. 21．Last Sunday, I went to the gallery in our city to visit the (exhibit) of Qi Baishi’s works together with my classmates. 22．It’s one of the (rare) big cats in the world. 二．完成句子 1．他突然意识到照片中的其他中国人不关心他们的同胞发生了什么事情。（运用it作形式主语） the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen. 2．乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为一名独一无二的球星。 Jordan’s skills were impressive, but . 3．外面那么吵，我无法集中精力学习。（focus） With all that noise going on outside, I can’t my study. 4．即使她什么也不做，她的丈夫仍然爱她。 she does nothing, her husband still loves her. 5．父母的行为对孩子的影响很大。（influence) Parents' behaviours children. 6．我的父母对我的同学琳达印象很好。（impression) My parents of my classmate Linda. 7．我们的老师已安排我去参加会议。 Our teacher has . 8．郑和到达东非的时间比哥伦布横渡大西洋早了80年。 It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic . 9．一条曲折的河流蜿蜒流入大海。 A wandering river . 10．共享单车不仅给了我们一个锻炼的机会，而且有助于减少私家车的使用。 bike-sharing give us a chance to exercise, it helps to decrease the use of private cars. 11．当我们处于危险之中时，我们应保持镇定。（danger） When we , we should keep calm. 12．吉姆和他的父母正在国外旅行，所以他们能好好欣赏美景并学习异国文化。（as well as） Jim, his parents, (be) travelling in foreign countries, so they can enjoy beautiful scenery and learn foreign cultures. 13．他收集的数据对你的研究做出了很大的贡献。（contribution） The data which he collected to your research. 14．这台电脑储存了大量信息。（amount) This computer stores information. 三．完形填空 I loved travel and had visited 67 countries with friends and family. This time, 1 I’d be travelling alone, which was daunting as a woman with a/an 2 . I’ve found walking painful since childhood, but I quickly learnt to 3 life in a wheelchair. And this year, I quit my job to 4 a year-long world journey. I contacted Guinness while planning and they said solo disability travel to 40+ countries in a year sets a record. I logged it in my mind as a potential 5 . In developed countries, accessibility for the disabled isn’t as much of an 6 , but my first destination was Bali. I was 7 . My partner, Tony, encouraged me, sensing my nerves, “This has always been your dream.” In Bali, I arranged for a driver to show me the island’s sights. “I want to go to the very top,” I told the driver. “The road doesn’t go that far,” he 8 . It was 9 . I knew the view there would be incredible. 10 , the driver and two locals carried me to the 11 ! Rather than making me feel like a 12 , they smiled the whole way. After that, I traveled freely and visited 66 countries solo. I posted the 13 to Guinness and, the next week, received a plain email: Your record has been 14 . The feeling of achievement was amazing. Now, I’m writing a book about my travels, using my record as 15 that a disability doesn’t stop you from exploring the world. 1．A．somewhat B．though C．hence D．unless 2．A．alternative B．ambition C．talent D．disability 3．A．consume B．survive C．transform D．navigate 4．A．depart on B．search for C．set aside D．cut out 5．A．chance B．job C．goal D．lesson 6．A．interest B．occasion C．event D．issue 7．A．worried B．delighted C．annoyed D．relieved 8．A．apologized B．promised C．recommended D．agreed 9．A．satisfying B．confusing C．disappointing D．exciting 10．A．Desperately B．Awkwardly C．Confidently D．Kindly 11．A．valley B．peak C．cliff D．island 12．A．joke B．failure C．burden D．fool 13．A．evidence B．inconvenience C．performance D．assistance 14．A．declined B．approved C．broken D．updated 15．A．reward B．reaction C．proof D．concept 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$