(预习部分)专题03 Unit 3 Fit for life(选择必修二)(知识全梳理&考点精准练)-【暑假自学课】2025年新高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题03 Unit 3 Fit for life (选择必修二) (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：7大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 重点单词 1. physician n. 医师，内科医生 2. contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n. 合同，合约 3. means n. (pl. means)方法，方式；财富，钱财 4. delete vt. 删去，删除 5. restore vt. 恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 6. ultimately adv. 最终；根本上 7. fundamental adj. 十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n. 基本规律，根本法则，基础 8. pace n. 发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vt. & vi. 来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 9. arise vi.(arose, arisen) 发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 10. characteristic n. 特征，特点 adj. 典型的，独特的 11. debate vt. & vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n. 讨论，争论；辩论 12. ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的 13. withdraw vi. & vt.(withdrew, withdrawn) 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 14. artificial adj. 人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 15. outgoing adj. 外向的 16. conventional adj. 传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的 17. sensory adj. 感觉的，感官的 18. patent n. 专利，专利证书 adj. 有专利的，受专利保护的 19. fuel vt. 增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n. 燃料 20. tackle vt. 应付，处理，解决 21. switch vi. & vt. 转变；交换；调班 n. 开关，闸；转变，改变 22. severe adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 23. abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 24. phenomenon n. (pl. phenomena)现象 25. symbol n. 象征；符号，代号 26. widespread adj. 分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 重点单词拓展 1. chemist n. 药剂师，药商；化学家→chemistry n. 化学→chemical adj. 化学的 2. specialize vi. 专门研究(或从事)，专攻→special adj. 特殊的；特别的 n. 特别活动(或节目等)；特制产品；特价 3. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动→affection n. 喜爱；钟爱→effect n. 作用；影响 4. identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→identity n. 身份；本身 5. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n. 关系→relationship n. 关系 6. abnormal adj. 反常的，畸形的→normal adj. 正常的，标准的 7. restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→restriction n. 限制，约束→restricted adj. 受限制的 8. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令 9. resistance n. 抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→resist v. 抵抗；抗拒→resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的 10. equip vt. 配备；使有能力→equipment n. 设备 11. grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的→gratitude n. 感谢；感激 12. disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷，障碍 13. disturb vt. 使不安；打扰；搅乱→disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj. 感到不安的 14. adjust vt. & vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理→adjustment n. 调整；调节→adjustable adj. 可调节的 15. evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明→evident adj. 明显的→evidently adv. 明显地，显而易见 16. examine vt.检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→examination n. 考试；检查 17. anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望→anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的→anxiously adv.焦急地；担忧地 18. alcohol n. 酒精，酒→alcoholic adj. 酒精的；含酒精的 n. 酒鬼；嗜酒如命者 19. infection n. 传染，感染→infected adj. 被感染的→infectious adj. 传染的；易传染的 重点短语 1. relate to 涉及，与……有关 2. prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 3. wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决 4. put sth in place 准备就绪 5. without doubt 毫无疑问，的确 6. a ripe old age 高龄 7. go to great lengths to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 8. date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 重点句型 1． make＋it＋adj.＋to do Ultimately，this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. 最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修正异常基因来预防疾病。 2． as引导时间状语从句 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately. 然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 3． 独立主格 Up to now，more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified，each linked to a different part of the body. 到目前为止，已有360多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 4． there be句型；现在分词短语作定语 For example，there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain，but no agreement has been reached. 例如，有几种不同的理论试图解释针灸如何缓解疼痛，但至今仍然莫衷一是。 单元语法 现在完成进行时 一、现在完成进行时的形式 肯定句：have/has been＋现在分词(doing) 否定句：have/has not been＋现在分词(doing) 疑问句：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词(doing)＋...? Our government has been using PSAs to educate people for many years. Our government has not been using PSAs to educate people for many years. Has our government been using PSAs to educate people for many years. 二、现在完成进行时的用法 1. 延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。 —Why，Jack？You look so tired! —Well，I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. ——为什么，杰克？你看上去很累啊！ ——对，我一直在粉刷屋子，而且明天必须得刷完。(强调一直在做，并且还将持续) Mary has been going to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week.从6月开始，玛丽每天晚上去上写作课，这门课程将于这周结束。(玛丽上写作课的状态从过去持续到未来) 2. 重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。 —Isn’t it hard to drive to downtown to work? —Yes，that’s why I have been going to work by train. ——开车去市中心上班难道不麻烦吗？ ——很麻烦，这就是我一直坐火车去上班的原因。(到现在一直坐火车去上班，强调重复性和持续性) Since humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.自从人类开始从事园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更美丽。(表示到现在一直努力做，强调重复性和持续性) 3. 感情色彩：和进行时一样，现在完成进行时可以带有说话人的感情色彩(如赞扬、厌恶、抱怨等)。 Where have you been？I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours. 你去哪了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。(抱怨) He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years，which really isn’t an easy thing. 他已经做了十五年的志愿者，这真不是一件容易的事。(表扬) 三、现在完成进行时需要注意的几点 1. 现在完成进行时常和以下时间状语连用：for＋时间段，always，since，these days/years，recently，all the time，all day/week/afternoon...，How long...等。 2. 有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时 (1)表示状态的动词：be，have，exist，belong，own等； (2)表示感情的动词：like，love，hate，detest等； (3)表示感觉的动词：see，hear，feel，sound等； (4)其他动词：believe，doubt，want，wish，agree，include，order，know等。 (正)He has had a terrible headache for the last few days.他最近几天头疼得很厉害。 (误)He has been having a terrible headache for the last few days. 3. 现在完成时可以与never，ever，yet，already等连用，而现在完成进行时则不能与它们连用。 (正)There is nothing new in the book in that I have already read it three times. 这本书中没有什么新东西，因为我已经看了三遍了。 (误)There is nothing new in the book in that I have already been reading it three times. 疑难辨析现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或表达某种情感，还可以表示动作的重复。现在完成时强调动作的完成性，强调对现在产生的影响或产生的结果，一般不表示动作的重复性。 试比较： (1)They have been discussing the plan for a week，but no decision has been made. 一个星期以来他们一直在讨论那个计划，但尚未做出任何决定。 (2)They have discussed the plan for a week，and the decision is that they should try their best to attract investors.他们已经讨论这个计划一周了，(做出的)决定是他们应该尽最大努力吸引投资者。 分析： 第(1)句中根据no decision 可知没有做出决定，说明讨论这个动作并未完成，之前应该是一直在讨论。使用了现在完成进行时表示动作discuss的延续，而且可以反复出现，表示一次又一次的讨论。 第(2)句中根据the decision is that...可知决定已经做出，说明讨论这个动作已经完成，讨论已经结束。使用现在完成时表示讨论这个动作对现在造成的影响，不表示动作的重复性。 一.单句语法填空 1. The mayor decided to visit the villages ________(affect) by the flood. 【答案】affected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：市长决定视察受洪水影响的村庄。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词decided，空处作非谓语动词，affect与逻辑主语the villages之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式affected作后置定语。故填affected。 2. I have come to make a contract ________ you for the business under discussion. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：我是来和你们就正在讨论的业务签订合同的。分析句子结构，make a contract with sb为固定短语，含义为：与……签订合同。故填with。 3. Written Chinese has also become an important means ________ which China’s present is connected with its past. 【答案】by 【详解】考查介词。句意：书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。by...means表示“通过……方式”。句中用by which引导定语从句，修饰先行词means。故填by。 4. (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏无锡·期中)The health issues ________(arise) from pollution in the city are a major concern for residents. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：城市污染引起的健康问题是居民们关心的主要问题。arise和issues之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填arising。 5. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by ________(restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 【答案】restricting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为个人，我们也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。介词by后用提示词的动名词形式作宾语。故填restricting。 6. These citizens were prohibited ________ travelling abroad. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：这些公民被禁止出国旅行。此处为短语be prohibited from表示“被禁止……”，所以此处使用介词from。故填from。 7. Whether the students should bring smartphones to school is hotly ________(debate). 【答案】debated 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：学生们是否应该带智能手机上学是一个激烈的争论。结合语意可知，debate与主语Whether the students should bring smartphones to school之间是被动关系，所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式，与空前的is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填debated。 8. ________(equip) with high technology and a team of educators, our school offers a great learning environment. 【答案】Equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校配备了高科技和一支教育团队，提供了一个良好的学习环境。句中已有谓语动词offers，空处需填非谓语动词，our school与equip之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。 9. The boy ________(equip) himself with torches and rope, and set off. 【答案】equipped 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：男孩带上火把和绳子，出发了。根据并列谓语动词set off可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填equipped。 10.The school authorities found the eyesight problem among high school students ________(disturb). 【答案】disturbing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：校方发现高中生的视力问题令人不安。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，表示“令人不安的，引起烦恼的”应用disturbing作宾补。故填disturbing。 11. At your request, I have made a few ________(adjust) to the design. 【答案】adjustments 【详解】考查名词。句意：应你的要求，我对设计做了一些调整。a few后跟名词的复数，adjust的名词是adjustment，意为“调整”，复数是adjustments。故填adjustments。 12. There is no evidence ________ he has approved of the loan. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：没有证据表明他同意了这笔贷款。设空处引导同位语从句，对名词evidence的内容进行解释说明，从句结构和句意完整，应用that。故填that。 13. It is a pity that Jane and George can’t make ________ to the party. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：真遗憾，简和乔治不能来参加晚会。make it to“及时赶到”，固定短语，故填it。 14. ________(date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. 【答案】Dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧始于18世纪，至今已有200多年的历史。句中谓语是has，空格处用非谓语动词，Peking Opera和date之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Dating。 15. There are some tall trees in our campus, some ________(measure) more than forty metres. 【答案】measuring 【详解】考查独立主格。句意：我们校园里有一些高大的树，有些测量超过四十米。分析句子可知，此处是独立主格结构，动词measure“量度为”和逻辑主语“some”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填measuring。 16. Since decades ago, the government ________(advocate) Eco-tourism routes to promote environmentally-friendly practice. 【答案】has been advocating 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：几十年来，政府一直在倡导生态旅游路线，以促进环保实践。根据时间状语Since decades ago可知，应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，主语为the government，助动词用has。故填has been advocating。 17. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________(be) rising steadily since 1990. 【答案】has been 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：自1990年以来，在中国大学就读的外国学生人数一直在稳步上升。结合时间状语since 1990，表示动作从过去发生持续到现在并且可能继续持续下去，故使用现在完成进行时态。故填has been。 二、完成句子 1. (His attention was concentrated on his experiment, so he had no time for his family. (同义句转换) →① (with复合结构) →② (独立主格结构) 【答案】①With his attention concentrated on his experiment, he had no time or his family. ②His attention concentrated on his experiment, he had no time for his family. 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：他的注意力集中在他的实验上，因此没有时间陪伴家人。根据第①题的题目要求可知，本句可用with复合结构作状语，即转换为with+宾语+宾补，用his attention作宾语，concentrate与his attention之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语concentrated on his experiment作宾补，用so后面的句子作主句。根据第②题的题目要求可知，本句可用独立主格结构作状语，即用名词his attention+过去分词短语concentrated on his experiment来构成独立主格结构，用so后面的句子作主句。故答案为①With his attention concentrated on his experiment, he had no time or his family.②His attention concentrated on his experiment, he had no time for his family. 2. I tried to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. 【答案】I have been trying to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. 【详解】考查时态。句意：我今天早上一直在给你打电话。我在这里抓到你之前一定试过十几次了。根据题目要求可知，需要把第一句话变成现在完成进行时态，该时态表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，也有可能一直持续下去。结构为“has/have been doing sth.”。主语为I。故答案为I have been trying to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. 3. Diane hasn’t got much sleep this week. She looks terrible today. (用现在完成进行时改写) 【答案】Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. She looks terrible today. 【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：戴安这周睡得不好。她今天看起来糟透了。第一句为现在完成时，改为现在完成进行时，用has been doing结构，表示“没有睡好”用hasn’t been sleeping well。故填Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week. She looks terrible today. / 考点1：affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动(effect n. 效应；影响；效果 affection n. 喜爱，感情；影响；感染 effective adj. 有效的) ·be affected by 被……打动；受……影响 be affected with感染……疾病 ·have an effect on 对……有影响 ·have a great affection for非常喜欢…… gain/win sb’s affection得到某人的喜爱 1. The lovely puppy soon gained my grandfather’s ________(affect). 【答案】affection 【详解】考查名词。句意：这只可爱的小狗很快得到了我祖父的喜爱。空处应用名词，作gained的宾语。affection意为“喜爱，钟爱”，为不可数名词。故填affection。 2. The boy was deeply ________(affect) by the news of the little dog’s death. 【答案】affected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到小狗死亡的消息，男孩深受触动。根据句意，空格处应填过去分词和was构成一般过去时的被动语态，作谓语。故填affected。 考点2：identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份(identification n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明 identity n. 身份；相同，一致 identical adj. 同一的；一模一样的) ·identify...as...确认，证明……；鉴别出…… identify with sb/sth 认同……；与……有同感 ·identification/identity card身份证；标识卡 ·be identical to与……相同 1. Bring some form of ________(identify), preferably a passport. 【答案】identification 【详解】句意：带一些身份证明，最好是护照。结合介词of可知后面用名词形式，故答案为identification。 2. Up till now, 16 genetic markers that relate to human lifespans ________(identify). 【答案】have been identified 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经确定了16个与人类寿命有关的遗传标记。主语16 genetic markers和动词identify之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“Up till now”可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，助动词使用have，故填have been identified。 考点3：relate vt. & vi. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述(related adj. 相关的，有联系的 relation n. 关系，联系；亲戚 relative n. 亲戚，亲属 adj. 相比较而言的，比较的；相对的，相关联的) ·relate to涉及，与……相关 relate A to/with B把A和B联系起来 relate sth to sb 给某人讲某事 ·be related to与……有关/有联系 ·in relation to关于，涉及；相对……而言 1. This relates ________ something I mentioned earlier. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：这与我之前提到的一些东西有关。relate to“和……有关”，固定短语，故填to。 2. The ________(relate) between different cultural groups is highlighted during the festival. 【答案】relation 【详解】考查名词。句意：不同文化群体之间的关系在节日期间得到强调。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，再根据“is highlighted”可知，主语应是单数，relate的名词形式是relation意为“关系”。故填relation。 考点4：means n. (单复数同形)手段；方法；方式；财富，钱财 a means of一种……方式 by all means尽一切办法；当然；务必 by means of借助……；依靠…… by no means/not by any means决不，一点儿也不 1. Each possible means ________(try) again and again. 【答案】has been tried 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词的时态、语态。句意：每一种可能的方法都被反复尝试过了。means 单复数同形，each possible means中 each修饰 means，表示每一种方法，这里 means作单数理解，谓语动词用单数形式；根据语境，“方法” 和 “尝试” 是被动关系，且强调从过去开始的动作对现在的影响，要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been tried 。 2. Written Chinese has also become an important means ________ which China’s present is connected with its past. 【答案】by 【详解】考查介词。句意：书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。by...means表示“通过……方式”。句中用by which引导定语从句，修饰先行词means。故填by。 考点5：arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现，发生；上升；起立；起身；(由……)引起，(因……)产生(形近词：raise vt. 举起；提高；增加 rise vi. 上升，增长) arise from＝arise out of由……而引起，产生于 arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来 1. Great importance should be attached to emotional or mental problems (arise) from a physical cause. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对身体原因引起的情绪或精神问题应给予高度重视。分析句子结构可知arise与逻辑主语problems构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填arising。 2. Accidents often arise ________ carelessness. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：事故往往起因于粗心大意。表示“起因于”的动词结构是arise from ，故填from 。 考点6：restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束[restricted adj. (大小或者数量)有限的，很小的；(指能做的事)有限的，受限制的 restriction n. 限制规定，限制法规；限制，约束] ·restrict...to...把……限制/限定在……(数量、范围等)内 restrict sb/oneself to (doing) sth 限制/约束某人(做)某事 ·place/lift a restriction on实施/取消对……的限制 ·be restricted to...限制在(某范围) 1. Thanks to Wi-Fi, we no longer have to be restricted the Internet with cables. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：多亏了Wi-Fi，我们再也不用受限于用电缆上网了。be restricted to是固定短语，意为“被限制在……范围内”，因此空格处用介词to，故填to。 2. The regulations were seen as a (restrict) on personal freedom. 【答案】restriction 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些规定被视为对人身自由的限制。空处作介词as的宾语，结合a可知，为名词单数，restrict对应的名词单数为restriction，意思为：限制。故填restriction。 考点7：prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)阻止，禁止；使不可能(prohibition n. 禁止；禁令) ·prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事，阻止做某事 prohibit sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事，禁止某人做某事 ·a prohibition against/on...一项对……的禁令 1. It is high time that a (prohibit) against selling alcohol to people under the age of 18 should be carried out. 【答案】prohibition 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在是禁止向18岁以下的人出售酒的时候了。空处作主语，空前有不定冠词a，prohibit的名词形式prohibition符合题意，意为“禁令，禁律”，应用单数形式。故填prohibition。 2. These citizens were prohibited ________ travelling abroad. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：这些公民被禁止出国旅行。此处为短语be prohibited from表示“被禁止……”，所以此处使用介词from。故填from。 考点8：resistance n. 抵抗，反抗；抵抗力；抵制，反对(resist vi.& vt.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐 resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的) ·resistance to...抵制，抗拒；对……有抵抗力 ·resist doing sth 抵制做某事；反对做某事 ·be resistant to...对……有抵抗力；对……抵制 1. I couldn’t resist ________(have) a try and began to play computer games. 【答案】having 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我禁不住尝试了一下，开始玩电脑游戏。resist doing sth. 表示“抵制/忍不住做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填having。 考点9：debate vt. & vi. 讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n. 讨论，争论；辩论 ·debate with sb about/over/on...与某人讨论…… debate＋wh-...讨论…… ·have/hold a debate about/over/on...举行关于……的讨论 under debate在讨论中；在辩论中 beyond/without debate无可争议 1. Tom debated ________ his parents about what he was going to major in at university. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：汤姆和他的父母就他要在大学里主修什么专业进行了讨论。debate with sb.是固定搭配，意为“与某人辩论/讨论”，介词with后接辩论或讨论的对象。故填with。 考点10：equip vt. 配备；使有能力(equipment n. 装备；设备) ·equip sb with...使某人具备……资格/技能 equip sb for...使某人具有……；使某人为……做好准备 equip sb to do sth 使某人有能力做某事；使某人为做某事做好准备 be equipped with 配备有…… ·a piece of equipment一件设备 1. We are proud of having all the latest ________(equip) in our chemistry lab. 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。 句意：我们为化学实验室拥有所有最新的设备感到自豪。 不可数名词equipment作宾语。故填equipment。 2. When ________(equip) with new scientific farming methods, farmers can use less farmland to produce more. 【答案】equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当配备了新的科学耕作方法时，农民可以使用更少的农田来生产更多的作物。When引导的时间状语从句省略了主语，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语farmers和equip之间是动宾关系，所以空处应用过去分词。When equipped...补充完整为When they are equipped...，省略主语和be动词。故填equipped。 考点11：adjust vt. & vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理(adjustment n. 调整；适应 adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的) ·adjust sth (to sth) (根据……)调整；调节 adjust to (doing) sth 适应(做)某事；习惯(做)某事 adjust oneself to sth 适应…… ·make adjustments to对……做出调整 1. The experience tested humans’ ability to adjust ________(they) to the sudden huge changes in living conditions and environments. 【答案】themselves 【详解】考查代词。句意：这一经历考验了人类适应生活条件和环境突然发生巨大变化的能力。固定短语 adjust oneself to...意为“使自己适应……”，设空处填反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselves。 2. Complaining of frequent staff changes resulting in a lack of consistency between residential workers and inadequate control of the youngsters, they are making (adjust) to the system. 【答案】adjustment 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们抱怨频繁的员工变动导致住宿工人之间缺乏一致性，对年轻人的控制不足，他们正在对系统进行调整。本空作are making的宾语，用名词形式adjustment“调整”，强调一个整体的、系统的调整过程，用单数形式。故填adjustment。 考点12：without doubt 毫无疑问，的确 ·in doubt 不确定，拿不准 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There is (some) doubt whether...……有疑问 doubt about...对……的怀疑 ·doubt whether/if...怀疑是否…… don’t doubt that...不怀疑…… Without doubt she will come to your birthday party this Friday. (升级为there be句型) →________________ she will come to your birthday party this Friday. 【答案】There is no doubt that 【详解】考查固定句式。句意：毫无疑问，她这个星期五会来参加你的生日聚会。根据句意以及句子结构可知，空格处是句子的主句部分表示“毫无疑问”，应使用固定句式结构There is no doubt that，其中使用that引导的是同位语从句，根据句意主句应使用一般现在时，故答案是There is no doubt that。 考点13：date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 ·date back to＝date from＝trace back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 ·set/fix a date for确定……的日期 have a date with sb 与某人有个约会 out of date/up to date过时的；陈旧的/现代的，最新的 to date迄今为止，到目前为止 (普通表达)The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(同义句转换) (高级表达)The festival ________________ to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year. (现在分词短语作定语) 【答案】dating back to the Ming Dynasty 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日在每年的11月举行。它可以追溯到明朝，在秋天庆祝丰收。分析句子可知，此处考查非谓语动词作定语，结合语意可知，此处应用现在分词作定语修饰逻辑主语The festival，两者之间是主动关系，故可表达为dating back to the Ming Dynasty。故答案是dating back to the Ming Dynasty。 考点14：it作形式宾语 【教材原句】Ultimately，this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修正异常基因来预防疾病。(P31) 本句中使用了“make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb)＋to do sth”结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，该结构也可以转换成make it＋adj./n.＋that从句。 有相似用法的动词包括think，consider，find，feel等。 While working, I found it was hard to work in the fields under a hot sun. →While working, I ________________________.(用it作形式宾语改写) 【答案】found it hard to work in the fields under a hot sun 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：在工作的时候，我发现在炎热的太阳下在地里工作是很困难的。此处使用“find+it+宾补+to do”结构，it是形式宾语，形容词hard作宾补，不定式to work in the fields under a hot sun作真正的宾语，时态和原句一致，使用一般过去时。故填found it hard to work in the fields under a hot sun。 考点15：独立主格结构 【教材原句】Up to now，more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified，each linked to a different part of the body.目前为止已有360多个穴位被确认，每个穴位对应着身体的不同部位。(P39) 本句中画线处使用了独立主格结构。 独立主格结构的特点：独立主格是一种独立结构，在形式上与主句没有关系，在句中作状语，相当于状语从句；通常用逗号跟句子分开。 独立主格的构成： ·名词/代词＋现在分词　表示主动和进行 ·名词/代词＋过去分词　表示被动、完成 ·名词/代词＋动词不定式　表示将要发生的动作 ·名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词　用来说明逻辑主语的性质、特征或所处状态 “But I have cheated my grandmother,” she said, and tears of guilt flowed down her cheeks. (句型转换) →“But I have cheated my grandmother,” she said, ________________________.(独立主格结构) 【答案】tears of guilt flowing down her cheeks 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：“但我欺骗了我的祖母，”她说，内疚的泪水顺着她的脸颊流了下来。原句中tears of guilt flowed down her cheeks是一个完整的句子，要将其转换为独立主格结构。独立主格结构由“逻辑主语 + 非谓语动词”构成，在该句中，逻辑主语tears of guilt与动词flow“流”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式flowing。故填tears of guilt flowing down her cheeks。 知识导图记忆 基础练 一、单句语法填空 1. They are discussing the details of the ________(contract). 【答案】contract 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们正在讨论合同的细节。空格处用名词作宾语，contract是名词，意为“合同”，此处用单数，故填contract。 2. The ________(resist) of the material affects its conductivity. 【答案】resistance 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种材料的电阻影响其导电性。空处需要名词作主语。resist的名词形式为resistance“电阻，阻力”。故填resistance。 3. With so many key files ________(delete), he had to speed up his action in case of being discovered. 【答案】to delete 【详解】考查with 复合结构。句意：由于许多关键文件被删除，他不得不加快行动以防被发现。此处考查with复合结构作状语，delete作宾语补足语，根据“ he had to speed up his action in case of being discovered”可推断，delete这一动作是将来要发生的动作，用不定式，delete与files是被动关系，在with复合结构中不定式作宾语补足语用主动形式表示被动，故填to delete。 4. Unexpected difficulties ________(arise) in the course of their experiment. 【答案】 arose 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：在他们的实验过程中，意外出现了困难。句子描述的是过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时。所给动词arise的过去式为 arose。故填 arose。 5. When communication technology brings different cultures closer together, words are even more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language ________ a faster pace than ever before. 【答案】at 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当通信技术使不同的文化更紧密地联系在一起时，单词更有可能以比以往更快的速度直接从源语言中借用。at a...pace是固定搭配，意为“以……的速度”，这里表示“以比以往更快的速度”。故填at。 6. Up till now, 16 genetic markers that relate to human lifespans ________(identify). 【答案】have been identified 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经确定了16个与人类寿命有关的遗传标记。主语16 genetic markers和动词identify之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“Up till now”可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，助动词使用have，故填have been identified。 7. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ________(ultimate) lead to illness. 【答案】ultimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼最终会导致疾病。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式作状语，故填ultimately。 8. What was the ________(find) that Snow announced? 【答案】finding 【详解】考查名词。句意：斯诺宣布的发现是什么？作主语，表示“发现”应用名词finding，故填finding。 9. Several important legal questions ________(arise) in the contract negotiation yesterday. 【答案】arose 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨天合同谈判中出现了几个重要的法律问题。此处作谓语动词，由时间状语yesterday可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填arose。 10. The unique location and extreme heat ________(effect) the climate in Chongqing in July. 【答案】affect 【详解】考查动词。句意：独特的地理位置和极端的高温影响了重庆7月的气候。空处作谓语，应用动词形式affect，且句子陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The unique location and extreme heat，谓语动词用原形形式。故填affect。 11. Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting ________(normal) genes early on. 【答案】abnormal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过早期纠正异常基因来预防疾病的发展。根据语境，这种新技术是要通过纠正早期的“不正常的”基因来预防疾病，normal意为“正常的”，其反义词abnormal意为“不正常的”，修饰名词genes。故填 abnormal。 12. We will be able to use genome (基因组) editing to increase the human ________(resist) to colds and flu. 【答案】resistance 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们将能够利用基因组编辑来增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力。空格处用名词作宾语，resist的名词是resistance，意为“抵抗力”，是不可数名词，故填resistance。 13. One of the most striking ________(characteristic) of Morris’s designs is a sensuous vitality derived from his deep love of nature. 【答案】characteristics 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：莫里斯设计最显著的特点之一是他对自然的热爱所带来的感官活力。one of后应用名词复数形式，characteristic，表“特点”，为可数名词。故填characteristics。 14. Trapped in the severe situation for quite a long time, the team made up their mind ________(wrestle) with it. 【答案】to wrestle 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：在相当长的一段时间里，球队被困在严峻的形势中，他们下定决心要与之搏斗。分析句子可知，这里考查made up one’s mind to do，表“下定决心去做”，为固定搭配。故填to wrestle。 15. Although there were some rooms open to the public, most of the interior was desperately in need of ________(restore). 【答案】restoration 【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然有一些房间向公众开放，但大部分内部都迫切需要修复。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词，作介词of的宾语。动词“restore”的名词形式为restoration“修复”，不可数名词。故填restoration。 16. There is plenty of ________(evident) that drinking is closely connected with violence. 【答案】evidence 【详解】考查名词。句意：有大量证据表明，饮酒与暴力密切相关。根据空格前的There is plenty of可知，空格处应该用不可数名词evidence作主语。故填evidence。 17. Meditation can help reduce ________(anxious). 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：冥想可以帮助减少焦虑。作动词的宾语，用名词anxiety，故填anxiety。 18. Social ________(phenomenon) are complex and changeable, requiring deep research. 【答案】phenomena 【详解】考查名词。句意：社会现象是复杂多变的，需要深入研究。提示词phenomenon(现象)作主语，根据系动词are可知，主语应是复数形式phenomena。故填phenomena。 19. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history________(date) all the way back to Roman times. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：作为起点，首都伦敦是个不错的选择，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词history，动词短语date back to与history之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填dating。 20. Online shopping is a global ________(phenomena). 【答案】phenomenon 【详解】考查名词。句意：网上购物是一种全球性的现象。phenomena意为“现象”，是复数名词，根据冠词“a”可知，应用单数形式phenomenon，作表语。故填phenomenon。 二、完成句子/单句写作 1. 违反合同可能导致法律诉讼。 → Breaking a ________ may lead to legal action. 【答案】contract 【详解】考查名词。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式，在句中作宾语。根据句意，名词“合同”英文为contract。故填contract。 2. 电阻会随着温度升高而增加。 →________ increases with temperature. 【答案】Resistance 【详解】考查名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“电阻”，应用名词resistance，resistance是不可数名词，作主语，且句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Resistance。 3. 她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。 She helped me solve the problem I ________ ________ ________ ________ for weeks. 【答案】had been wrestling with 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文提示可知，表示“努力解决”可用wrestle with，为动词短语，在本句中作定语从句的谓语，且由“在”和for weeks可知，这里时态应用过去完成进行时，强调的是过去某一时段内一直在进行的活动。故填had been wrestling with。 4. 如果有什么不正常的情况或者你得了癌症之类的重病，他们可以在早期警告你。 They can warn you early on if there is something ________ or if you have a critical illness such as ________. 【答案】abnormal; cancer 【详解】考查形容词和名词。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“不正常的”，第二空意为“癌症”，第一空用形容词作后置定语，修饰something，“不正常的”的形容词是abnormal；“癌症”是cancer，是不可数名词，故填abnormal，cancer。 5. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and a________ our chances of contracting certain diseases. 它还包含有关信息，有助于确定我们的寿命，并影响我们患某些疾病的风险。 【答案】affects /ffects 【详解】考查动词。根据定语从句中并列连词and前谓语动词helps可知，用动词的第三人称单数形式。根据首字母提示，“影响”英文为affect。故填affects。 6. 基因组编辑编辑技术作为对抗疾病的一种新武器，将从根本上改变我们的医疗保健方式。 Genome editing, ________________ in the fight against diseases, will lead to ________________ in our approach to health care. 【答案】serving as a new weapon; a fundamental change 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。根据中英文提示，空一表示“作为一种新武器”，可用短语serve as a new weapon，serve与逻辑主语Genome editing是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，lead to后接名词，空处为“从根本上改变”，可用a fundamental change，作宾语。故填serving as a new weapon;fundamental change. 7. 上周，我们就学生是否应该在学校携带手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。 Last week, we had a ________ ________ ________ ________ students should carry mobile phones at school. 【答案】heated debate/argument on whether 【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。根据句意“进行了一场激烈的辩论”可知，句中涉及固定短语“have a debate/argument on…”，意为“关于……进行了一场辩论”。“heated”意为“激烈的”，形容词词性，“have a heated debate/argument on…”表示“关于……进行了一场激烈的辩论”，“on”后接“whether”引导的宾语从句，表示“是否”，故空格处应填“heated debate/argument on whether”。故填heated debate/argument on whether。 8. 人们总是将一个人的表现与其教育背景联系起来。 People tend ________ relate one’s performance ________ his education background. 【答案】to; to 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“倾向于做某事”用固定短语tend to do sth表示；表示“把……与……联系起来”用固定短语relate... to...，其中to为介词。故答案为①to；②to。 9. 父亲能够理解儿子的困境，因为他也经历过类似的挑战。(relate) The father can ________________ as he has been through similar challenges himself. 【答案】relate to his son’s struggles 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据中文提示可知，表示“理解”应用relate to，为固定搭配，在本句中作谓语，且情态动词后应用动词原形，表示“(他)儿子的困境”应用 his son’s struggles，在本句中作宾语。故填relate to his son’s struggles。 10. 我非常高兴收到你的来信，你在信中询问我关于如何适应新的学校生活的建议。(疑问词+to do) I’m more than delighted to receive your letter asking for my advice on ________________________. 【答案】how to adapt to the new school life 【详解】考查动词短语和动词不定式。表示“适应”可用动词短语adapt to；“新的学校生活”the new school life，表示“如何适应新的学校生活”用“疑问词＋不定式”结构，为how to adapt to the new school life；作介词on的宾语。故填how to adapt to the new school life。 11. 不幸的是，洪水冲毁了这座历史追溯回清朝的建筑。 Unfortunately, the flood destroyed the building ________ ________ ________ the Qing Dynasty. 【答案】dating back to 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“追溯”短语为date back to，该短语没有被动形式，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating back to。 12. 过度焦虑会影响学习效率。 → Excessive ________ can affect learning efficiency. 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“焦虑”应用anxiety，为不可数名词，在本句中作主语，符合句意。故填anxiety。 13. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to Roman times.(date短语; all短语) 伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。 【答案】dating all the way back 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“追溯到”用动词短语date back to，a history与date back to之间是主动关系，应用现在分词短语dating back to作后置定语，修饰a history，“一直”all the way， “一直追溯到”即dating all the way back to。故填 dating all the way back。 14. Since then, the virtual choir has ________ ________ ________ ________. (phenomenon) 自此，虚拟合唱团成为风靡全球的现象。 【答案】become a worldwide phenomenon 【详解】考查动词、形容词和名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“成为风靡全球的现象”，“成为”可用动词become，“风靡全球的现象”可用名词短语a worldwide phenomenon，结合“Since then”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，空前已有助动词has，become需用过去分词的形式。故填become a worldwide phenomenon。 15. 有强有力和全面的证据表明，气温上升导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成严重破坏，而且夺去了人的生命。 There is ________________ that the rise in temperature has led to ________________ extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also ________________. 【答案】strong and comprehensive evidence; an increase in; costing human lives 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。根据中文提示可知，“有强有力和全面的证据表明” 常见的表达为 “there is strong and comprehensive evidence that...”，其中that后引到同位语从句， strong and comprehensive(强有力和全面的)为形容词短语作定语；表示“在……方面增加”可以用an increase in，为固定搭配；表示“夺去了人的生命”可以理解为“以人命为代价”，可翻译为cost human lives，“不仅……而且……”连接并列结构，causing是现在分词形式，所以这里cost也用现在分词形式。故填①strong and comprehensive evidence；②an increase in；③costing human lives。 16. 文字记载表明，针灸可追溯至宋朝。 Written records show that acupuncture ________ ________ to the Song Dynasty. 【答案】dates back 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文对比可知，此处表示“可追溯至”，常见的英文短语为date back to，该短语没有被动语态。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时态，主语为acupuncture，date应用第三人称单数形式。故填①dates；②back。 17. 这座古老的寺庙始建于12世纪，见证了无数的历史事件。 This ancient temple ________ ________ ________ the 12th century and has witnessed countless historical events. 【答案】dates back to 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。本空表示“追溯到”，用固定短语date back to，这个短语无被动，常用于一般现在时，且“这座古老的寺庙始建于12世纪”描述现在的事实，时态用一般现在时，主语This ancient temple为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数dates back to。故填dates back to。 18. 中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。 Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history ________________ more than 1,000 years ago. 【答案】dating back to 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语是has，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词。表示“追溯到”的动词短语为date back to，date back to与其逻辑主语history存在主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词history。故答案为dating back to。 19. It ________________________ the use of longgu... 它可以追溯到数千年前使用的龙骨的时期… 【答案】dates back several thousand years to 【详解】考查动词、名词和短语。本句陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时；表示“追溯到”可用短语date back to，又因为主语it是第三人称单数，所以用动词的第三人称单数形式；表示“几千年”可用短语several thousand years。故答案为dates back several thousand years to。 20. 这条石桥历史悠久，可追溯到17世纪。 This stone bridge has a long history ________ ________ ________ the 17th century. 【答案】dating back to 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“追溯到”用date back to，句中谓语是has，空格处需用非谓语形式，history和date back to之间是主动关系，因此用date的现在分词形式，作定语。故填dating back to。 三、句型转换 1. She has no idea how she can restore the deleted files after the system crashed unexpectedly. (同义转换) She has no idea ________ ________ ________ the deleted files after the system crashed unexpectedly. 【答案】how to restore 【详解】考查疑问词+动词不定式。句意：她不知道在系统意外崩溃后如何恢复被删除的文件。“how she can restore”是宾语从句，可转换成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，即how to restore。故填how to restore。 2. When you use oil or fat for cooking, use as little as you can. (同义句转换) →When you use oil or fat for cooking, use ________________________. 【答案】as little as possible 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当你用植物油或动物油做饭时，尽量少用。分析句子可知，句子要求我们进行同义句转换，需要替换原句中的“as little as you can”，“as+adj./adv.+as possible”，意为“尽可能……的/地”，“little”意为“少许，少量”，副词词性，“as little as possible”表示“尽可能少”，表达的意思和“as little as you can”相同。故答案是as little as possible。 3. Air, noise and water have affected people ’s health. (用现在完成时的被动语态完成句型转换) ________________________ by air, noise and water. 【答案】People ’s health has been affected 【详解】考查语态。句意：空气、噪音和水已经影响了人们的健康。原句为现在完成时态，谓语动词为及物动词affect。根据要求，拓展句应用现在完成时的被动语态，被动结构为have/has been done。主语为people’s health，为第三人称单数，故助动词用has，谓语动词为has been affected。故填People’s health has been affected。 4. Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometres away from shaoguan, right at the river bank of caoxi and it dates back to 1, 500 years ago. (分词作状语) ________ ________ ________ 1,500 years ago, Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometres away from shaoguan, right at the river bank of caoxi. 【答案】Dating back to 【详解】查非谓语动词。句意：南华寺坐落在距韶关22公里的地方，就在曹溪的河岸边，历史可以追溯到1500年前。将and前的句子作为句子主干，句子谓语为is located，将and后的句子去掉主语it，date back to“追溯到”与其逻辑主语Nan Hua temple之间是主动关系，需用现在分词形式，作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填：Dating back to。 5. People think Chinese tea culture dates back to 5,000 years ago.(升级为被动语态) →Chinese tea culture ________________________ 5,000 years ago. 【答案】is thought to date back to 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：人们认为中国的茶文化可以追溯到5000年前。分析句子可知，此处应用“sb./sth. +be thought+to do”结构，意为“某人/物被认为做……”。结合所给句子时态，可知变为被动语态后仍用一般现在时，主语Chinese tea culture是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is thought to date back to。 6. It rained heavily. The rain caused severe flood in the country. (用现在分词合并句子) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It rained heavily, causing severe flood in the country. 【详解】考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：雨下得很大，在这个国家引起了严重的洪水。根据提示要求用现在分词合并句子可知，该句可转换为非谓语动词作状语。因caused和逻辑主语it为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式作结果状语。故答案是It rained heavily, causing severe flood in the country。 7. (普通表达)The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(同义句转换) (高级表达)The festival ________________ to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year. (现在分词短语作定语) 【答案】dating back to the Ming Dynasty 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日在每年的11月举行。它可以追溯到明朝，在秋天庆祝丰收。分析句子可知，此处考查非谓语动词作定语，结合语意可知，此处应用现在分词作定语修饰逻辑主语The festival，两者之间是主动关系，故可表达为dating back to the Ming Dynasty。故答案是dating back to the Ming Dynasty。 8. According to the expert, the building has a history which dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty. (同义句转换) →According to the expert, the building has a history ________________________.(分词短语作定语) 【答案】dating from the early Tang Dynasty/dating back to the early Tang Dynasty 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据专家介绍，这座建筑的历史可以追溯到唐朝早期。date from/back to追溯到……，与名词history之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。根据句意，故填dating from/back to the early Tang Dynasty。 9. He was anxious that his girlfriend should meet his parents. (同义句转换) →He was anxious ________ his girlfriend ________ his parents. 【答案】for; to meet 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他非常希望让女朋友见他的父母。be anxious for sb to do sth意为“渴望/非常希望某人做某事”，符合句意。故空格处应依次填入for和to meet。故填for；to meet。 提升练 一.阅读理解 (2025高二下·江苏南京·期中)Inspired by the Chinese blockbuster film Ne Zha 2, where the immortal Taiyi Zhenren uses the Seven-Colored Lotus to reconstruct bodies, a scientific team in Wuhan, Hubei Province has spent a decade developing real-life bone regeneration technology using lotus. A research team from Wuhan Polytechnic University’s School of Food Science and Engineering has pioneered a groundbreaking medical application using extracts from lotus root fibers. By employing 3D printing technology, they create customized bone scaffolds tailored to bone defect areas. These scaffolds stabilize fractured skeletons while guiding cells to grow along the lotus fiber structures, accelerating bone tissue regeneration. Jiang Xueye, a lead researcher on the team, explained that compared to traditional steel nail implants, the lotus fiber scaffolds address issues such as poor adaptability and extensive surgical exposure. They also significantly reduce the risk of patient rejection. Crucially, the scaffold’s degradation perfectly corresponds with the rate of new bone growth, making secondary removal surgeries unnecessary. The technology is currently undergoing animal trials and, if successfully applied in clinical settings, could dramatically lower treatment costs and ease suffering for fracture patients, the school noted. Beyond medical breakthroughs, the team has made remarkable progress in developing functional food ingredients and health products from lotus roots. Their patented lotus root powder preserves nearly all nutrients and can be used to create instant drink mixes, fish cakes and cookies, high-activity probiotic products through lactic acid bacteria fermentation(乳酸菌发酵). The gelatinized(糊化) power also serves as a materials for 3D-printed foods, suggesting a future where imaginative treats shaped like Ne Zha or his Wind and Fire Wheels could be crafted on demand. 1. What is the main focus of the research team from Wuhan Polytechnic University? A. Developing new 3D printers. B. Creating traditional steel nail implants. C. Using lotus root fibers to rebuild bones. D. Producing functional foods from lotus roots. 2. What advantage do lotus fiber scaffolds have over traditional steel nail implants? A. They are cheaper to produce. B. They reduce the risk of patient rejection and avoid secondary surgeries. C. They immediately dissolve post-surgery to prevent infection. D. They have lower immune rejection rates. 3. What is a potential future application of the gelatinized lotus root powder mentioned in the article? A. 3D-printed foods shaped like characters or objects. B. Construction materials for bridges. C. Fuel for vehicles. D. Clothing for athletes. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards the research team’s work on lotus fiber scaffolds? A. Skeptical and critical. B. Neutral and indifferent. C. Confused and uncertain. D. Enthusiastic and supportive. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了武汉轻工大学团队受《哪吒2》启发，利用莲藕纤维开发出可3D打印的骨再生支架，相比传统钢钉植入物具有排异率低、免二次手术等优势，同时探索莲藕粉在功能性食品和3D打印创意食品中的应用。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A research team from Wuhan Polytechnic University’s School of Food Science and Engineering has pioneered a groundbreaking medical application using extracts from lotus root fibers. By employing 3D printing technology, they create customized bone scaffolds tailored to bone defect areas. (武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院的研究团队开创性地利用莲藕纤维提取物开发出一项突破性医疗应用。通过采用3D打印技术，他们能够制作出与骨缺损区域完美匹配的定制化骨支架)”可知，武汉轻工大学团队的研究重点是利用莲藕纤维重建骨骼。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“They also significantly reduce the risk of patient rejection. Crucially, the scaffold’s degradation perfectly corresponds with the rate of new bone growth, making secondary removal surgeries unnecessary. (此外，这种支架还能显著降低患者的排异反应风险。最关键的是，支架的降解速度与新骨生长速率完美匹配，从而避免了二次取出手术的必要性)”可知，莲藕纤维支架相比传统钢钉植入物的优势包括降低排异风险，避免二次手术。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The gelatinized(糊化) power also serves as a materials for 3D-printed foods, suggesting a future where imaginative treats shaped like Ne Zha or his Wind and Fire Wheels could be crafted on demand. (此外，糊化的莲藕粉还可作为3D打印食品的原料，这意味着未来或可按需定制出哪吒造型或风火轮形状的创意食品)”可知，糊化的莲藕粉的一项潜在未来应用是可3D打印成人物或物品造型的食品。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“pioneered a groundbreaking medical application (开创了一项突破性的医疗应用)”、第三段中“significantly reduce the risk of patient rejection (显著降低患者的排异反应风险)”和“perfectly corresponds with the rate of new bone growth (与新骨生长速率完美匹配)”可知，作者选用很多积极词汇，对团队成果给予正面评价，肯定研究的临床价值。由此可知，作者对该团队的工作是充满热情和支持的。故选D项。 二、完形填空 (2025高二下·江西南昌·阶段练习)“Why would you do something like this?” I asked as the woman put her blouse back on. She looked at me, 1 . “I mean, I’m very grateful,” I added, “But it can’t be nice having dozens of medical students 2 you.” She shook her head and replied peacefully, “It’s my way of saying thank you. This hospital saved my life. I 3 them.” I looked at her medical history in my notebook. Fifteen years ago, she was 4 of breast cancer. The tumor(肿瘤) was removed, and then she received 5 . Seven years later, the cancer 6 , and she underwent an operation to remove a breast. It was hard to imagine that someone suffering so much would willingly 7 themselves to the shame for baring her body to others. Yet she just wanted to repay the staff by 8 to be a patient for medical school finals, without expecting anything in return. 9 , I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people. Behind every successful doctor stand a number of 10 — those who donate their bodies for dissection(解剖), those who allow students to examine them, and those who share their 11 . What they went through is often tiring or uncomfortable, yet they receive little 12 . These unsung heroes make medical education 13 . Their contributions are rarely acknowledged. However, without them, young doctors couldn’t 14 their skills. While doctors might help people, they wouldn’t be in a position to do so if people hadn’t 15 them first. 1. A. pleased B. annoyed C. surprised D. disappointed 2. A. curing B. detecting C. inspecting D. surrounding 3. A. adore B. owe C. praise D. treasure 4. A. persuaded B. informed C. suspected D. reminded 5. A. treatment B. encouragement C. advice D. surgery 6. A. returned B. remained C. responded D. recovered 7. A. attach B. subject C. apply D. devote 8. A. arranging B. pretending C. volunteering D. struggling 9. A. Looking back B. Holding on C. Turning around D. Setting out 10. A. nurses B. heroes C. assistants D. citizens 11. A. experiences B. adventures C. discoveries D. responsibilities 12. A. approval B. payment C. recognition D. confirmation 13. A. identical B. precious C. special D. possible 14. A. show B. prove C. employ D. enhance 15. A. resolved B. expected C. helped D. acknowledged 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了一位曾经身患乳腺癌、两次接受手术的女士，自愿成为医学院期末考试的“患者”，供医学生学习实践，以此表达对救治她的医院的感激之情。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她惊讶地看着我。A. pleased高兴的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Why would you do something like this”可知，作者问那位女士为什么要那么做，那个女士惊讶地看着作者。故选C。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我的意思是，我非常感激，”我补充说，“但有几十个医学院学生围着你，这可不好。”A. curing治愈；B. detecting检测；C. inspecting检查；D. surrounding包围。根据上文“having dozens of medical students”和下文“This hospital saved my life”可知，那儿是医院，学医学生围着女士。故选D。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我欠他们的。A. adore崇拜；B. owe欠(恩情)；C. praise赞扬；D. treasure珍惜。根据上文“It’s my way of saying thank you. This hospital saved my life”可知，医院救了那位女士的命，女士认为她欠他们的。故选B。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：15年前，她被告知患有乳腺癌。A. persuaded说服；B. informed通知；C. suspected怀疑；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“breast cancer”可知，那位女士被告知得了乳腺癌。故选B。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：肿瘤被切除，然后她接受了治疗。A. treatment治疗；B. encouragement鼓励；C. advice建议；D. surgery手术。根据上文“The tumor (肿瘤) was removed, and then she received”可知，在切除了肿瘤后，她接受了治疗。故选A。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年后，癌症复发，她接受了切除乳房的手术。A. returned复发；B. remained残留；C. responded回应；D. recovered康复。根据下文“she underwent an operation to remove a breast”可知，七年后她的癌症又复发了，也就是重新出现了。故选A。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难想象一个遭受过如此多痛苦的人，竟会自愿甘愿忍受当众裸露身体的羞耻。A. attach附加；B. subject使遭受；C. apply应用；D. devote奉献。根据下文“themselves to the shame for baring her body to others”可知，她把身体暴露给别人看，因此此处是指“自愿接受羞耻”，subject oneself to意为“自愿接受”。故选B。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她只是想通过去给医学院的期末考试当“患者”，而且不求任何回报来回报那些医务人员。A. arranging安排；B. pretending假装；C. volunteering自愿；D. struggling挣扎。根据上文“willingly”可知，她自愿去当“患者”。故选C。 9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：回想起来，我意识到我的训练是多么地依赖于这些无私的人。A. Looking back回顾；B. Holding on坚持；C. Turning around转身；D. Setting out出发。根据下文“I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people”可知，作者回想过去时意识到自己的训练是多么地依赖于这些无私的人。故选A。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一位成功的医生背后都有一群英雄——那些捐出遗体供解剖的人，那些允许学生检查遗体的人，以及那些分享自己经历的人。A. nurses护士；B. heroes英雄；C. assistants助手；D. citizens公民。根据下文“those who donate their bodies for dissection (解剖), those who allow students to examine them”可知，那些捐出遗体供解剖的人，那些允许学生检查遗体的人都是英雄，最后一段中“These unsung heroes”也有提示，故选B。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一位成功的医生背后都有一群英雄——那些捐出遗体供解剖的人，那些允许学生检查遗体的人，以及那些分享自己经历的人。A. experiences经历；B. adventures冒险；C. discoveries发现；D. responsibilities责任。根据下文“What they went through”可知，此处是指那些分享自己经历的人。故选A。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们所经历的往往很累或不舒服，但他们很少得到认可。A. approval批准；B. payment报酬；C. recognition认可；D. confirmation确认。根据最后一段“Their contributions are rarely acknowledged”可知，那些人是无名英雄，他们的经历没有得到广泛的正式的认可。故选C。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些无名英雄使医学教育成为可能。A. identical相同的；B. precious珍贵的；C. special特殊的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“Behind every successful doctor stand a number of ... — those who donate their bodies for dissection (解剖), those who allow students to examine them”可知，那些无名英雄让医学生解剖自己的遗体，他们使医学教育成为可能。故选D。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有他们，年轻的医生无法提高他们的技能。A. show展示；B. prove证明；C. employ运用；D. enhance提升。根据上文“I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people”以及“These unsung heroes make medical education ...”可知，作者的培训依赖于那些无私的人，那些无名英雄使得医学教育成为可能，没有那些无名英雄的话，年轻的医生无法提高他们的技能。故选D。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然医生可能会帮助人们，但如果人们不先帮助他们，他们就无法做到这一点。A. resolved解决；B. expected期望；C. helped帮助；D. acknowledged承认。根据上文“While doctors might help people”可知，如果人们不先帮医生，医生就不能帮助他们。故选C。 三、语法填空 (2025高二下·广东·期中)I graduated from the Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 1994, and 1 (work) in orthopedics(骨科) for 26 years by the time I took part in 2 Chinese Medical Volunteers tour in Yushu, Qinghai province in August 2020. Then, I used TCM approaches, such as acupuncture and 3 (herb) patches(贴片) on acupuncture points to treat a variety of health problems, including knee injuries, aching muscles and sharp pains. These conditions are 4 (primary) caused by the local people’s herding practices and the tough environment 5 they live, and are also associated with some of their unhealthy living habits. TCM methods can only relieve the pain for a short time, and sometimes they are unable to address the fundamental causes. So, I suggested that Chinese Medical Volunteers perform surgeries locally 6 bring the patients to better developed regions for treatment. The plan came to fruition, and we successfully completed surgeries on 21 patients. One surgery had to 7 (cancel) because the patient had severe heart failure. As the head of the surgical team, I was 8 a lot of pressure because we were responsible for ensuring the safety of every patient, 9 (rid) them of their pain and improving their quality of life. The goal of our action was not just to conduct surgeries, but also 10 (provide) local medical workers with hands - on training, so local villagers would still be able to access quality treatment conveniently after we left. 【答案】 1. had worked 2. the 3. herbal 4. primarily 5. where 6. or 7. be cancelled 8. under 9. ridding 10. to provide 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为山西中医药大学的毕业生，在骨科工作26年后，参与青海玉树中国医疗志愿者巡诊的经历，包括使用中医方法治疗当地居民、提出手术建议以及作为手术团队负责人的压力与目标等。 1. 考查动词时态。句意：我于1994年毕业于山西中医药大学，到2020年8月参加青海玉树中国医疗志愿者巡诊时，已经在骨科工作了26年。根据时间状语“by the time I took part in”可知，此处描述的是过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，应使用过去完成时。故填had worked。 2. 考查冠词。句意：同上。此处特指“中国医疗志愿者巡诊”这一活动，因此用定冠词“the”。故填the。 3. 考查形容词。句意：然后，我使用中医方法，如针灸和穴位上的草药贴片来治疗各种健康问题，包括膝盖受伤、肌肉酸痛和剧痛。“patches”是名词，需要用形容词作定语来修饰，“herb”的形容词形式是“herbal”，意为“草药的”。故填herbal。 4. 考查副词。句意：这些情况主要是由当地居民的放牧习惯和他们生活的艰苦环境造成的，也与他们的一些不健康生活习惯有关。“caused”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，“primary”的副词形式是“primarily”，意为“主要地”。故填primarily。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为定语从句，先行词是“the tough environment”，在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词“where”引导。故填where。 6. 考查连词。句意：因此，我建议中国医疗志愿者在当地进行手术，或者将病人带到更发达的地区进行治疗。根据句意可知，此处表示两种选择的关系，因此用连词“or”连接。故填or。 7. 考查被动语态。句意：有一台手术不得不取消，因为病人患有严重的心力衰竭。“cancel”与“One surgery”之间是被动关系，即“手术被取消”，且句子描述的是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，且had to后应接动词原形。故填be cancelled。 8. 考查介词。句意：作为手术团队的负责人，我承受着很大的压力，因为我们要负责确保每位患者的安全，消除他们的痛苦，提高他们的生活质量。“under pressure”是固定短语，意为“在压力下”。故填under。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处与“ensuring the safety of every patient”和“improving their quality of life”并列，作介词“for”的宾语，因此用rid的动名词形式。故填ridding。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们行动的目标不仅仅是进行手术，还包括为当地的医务人员提供实践培训，这样在我们离开后，当地村民仍然能够方便地获得高质量的治疗。“not just...but also...”连接两个并列的成分，此处与“to conduct surgeries”并列，因此用不定式“to provide”作表语。故填to provide。 四、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kelly is a nurse. Her kidney(肾脏) proved to be a perfect match for her cousin, Dana, who is a teacher. Her kidney had worsened to the point where she required a transplant(移植). As Kelly told Dana, “I’m in good health and I almost never get sick or ill. It seems that I can be a donor for you.” Dana was wild with joy. Later on a Thursday afternoon, after spending the first of two days undergoing tests to confirm her kidney was a match for Dana, Kelly got a call from a Cleveland Clinic caregiver. They were canceling the second day of her tests. A CT scan revealed the presence of a tumor(肿瘤) on Kelly’s right kidney. Kelly was shocked about the discovery and concerned she might no longer be a donor available for Dana. That meant that Kelly had to have an operation to remove the tumor, unable to donate her kidney. Meanwhile Dana had to wait for some other donors for a matchable kidney, which was really hard to find. Dana was thrown back to desperation. The cousins were at a loss. But their doctors wouldn’t give up. They tried every possible means to find a solution that could satisfy both sides, treating Kelly’s illness and offering Dana transplanting. But the bad news was that there had been few such reported cases. Determined to solve this difficult problem, Dr. Wee, director of the Kidney Transplant Program, held meetings with a team of specialists to discuss over details of the case and best steps to move forward. They worked day and night to search for related information and make analysis. Seeing the devotion of the experts, Kelly and Dana felt the flame of hope returning to their hearts. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After many meetings, the medical team felt confident to treat the two patients at the same time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The cousins recovered from their surgeries. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 After many meetings, the medical team felt confident to treat the two patients at the same time. Dr. Wee told the cousins that with their expertise they could deal with their situations at the same time. First, they safely removed Kelley’s right kidney with the tumor in it. Then they removed the tumor from the kidney. After the repair and reconstruction, and with more than 95% of the healthy kidney remaining. Dr. Wee transplanted it into Dana. It turned out the win-win practice, a breakthrough in similar medical cases. The cousins recovered from their surgeries. “I have an overwhelming sense of gratitude to Kelly and all the doctors and thankfulness for the opportunity I’ve been given.” said Dana. “Now I have the opportunity to see my three sons marry, and have their children. Those are what I might not have been able to look forward to before.” Dana, with a perfectly functioning kidney, planned to return to her teaching job in the next spring. Kelly felt blessed to have had her tumor removed while helping her cousin to recover with a transplant. 【语篇解读】本文以Kelly为线索展开，讲述了她作为一名护士，发现自己的肾脏与表亲Dana匹配，决定为其捐献。然而，在捐献前的检查中，医生发现Kelly的肾脏上长有肿瘤，导致她可能无法捐献。这个消息让Kelly和急需肾脏移植的Dana都陷入了困境。医生和专家们面临难题，但他们并没有放弃，而是努力寻找解决方案。最终，肾脏移植项目主任Dr. Wee领导专家团队，夜以继日地寻找相关信息，为解决问题而努力。看到专家们的奉献，Kelly和Dana重新燃起了希望。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“经过多次会议，医疗团队有信心同时治疗两名患者。”可知，第一段可描写医生们怎么同时拯救了他们两人。 ②由第二段首句内容“这对表兄弟从手术中恢复过来。”可知，第二段可描写Dana对Kelly和医生的感谢，以及Kelly的感受。 2. 续写线索：多次会议——有信心救两人——开始手术——手术成功——感谢。 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①处理：deal with/handle ②修理：repair/restore ③计划重返：plan to return/intend to go back 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude/appreciation ②好运的：blessed/lucky 【点睛】 [高分句型1]Dr. Wee told the cousins that with their expertise they could deal with their situations at the same time.(that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]Those are what I might not have been able to look forward to before.(what引导的表语从句) 13 / 30 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 Unit 3 Fit for life (选择必修二) (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：7大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 重点单词 1. physician n. 医师，内科医生 2. contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n. 合同，合约 3. means n. (pl. means)方法，方式；财富，钱财 4. delete vt. 删去，删除 5. restore vt. 恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 6. ultimately adv. 最终；根本上 7. fundamental adj. 十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n. 基本规律，根本法则，基础 8. pace n. 发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vt. & vi. 来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 9. arise vi.(arose, arisen) 发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 10. characteristic n. 特征，特点 adj. 典型的，独特的 11. debate vt. & vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n. 讨论，争论；辩论 12. ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的 13. withdraw vi. & vt.(withdrew, withdrawn) 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 14. artificial adj. 人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 15. outgoing adj. 外向的 16. conventional adj. 传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的 17. sensory adj. 感觉的，感官的 18. patent n. 专利，专利证书 adj. 有专利的，受专利保护的 19. fuel vt. 增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n. 燃料 20. tackle vt. 应付，处理，解决 21. switch vi. & vt. 转变；交换；调班 n. 开关，闸；转变，改变 22. severe adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 23. abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 24. phenomenon n. (pl. phenomena)现象 25. symbol n. 象征；符号，代号 26. widespread adj. 分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 重点单词拓展 1. chemist n. 药剂师，药商；化学家→chemistry n. 化学→chemical adj. 化学的 2. specialize vi. 专门研究(或从事)，专攻→special adj. 特殊的；特别的 n. 特别活动(或节目等)；特制产品；特价 3. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动→affection n. 喜爱；钟爱→effect n. 作用；影响 4. identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→identity n. 身份；本身 5. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→related adj. 有关系的；有关联的→relation n. 关系→relationship n. 关系 6. abnormal adj. 反常的，畸形的→normal adj. 正常的，标准的 7. restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→restriction n. 限制，约束→restricted adj. 受限制的 8. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→prohibition n. 禁止；禁令 9. resistance n. 抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→resist v. 抵抗；抗拒→resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的 10. equip vt. 配备；使有能力→equipment n. 设备 11. grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的→gratitude n. 感谢；感激 12. disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷，障碍 13. disturb vt. 使不安；打扰；搅乱→disturbing adj. 令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj. 感到不安的 14. adjust vt. & vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理→adjustment n. 调整；调节→adjustable adj. 可调节的 15. evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明→evident adj. 明显的→evidently adv. 明显地，显而易见 16. examine vt.检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→examination n. 考试；检查 17. anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望→anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的→anxiously adv.焦急地；担忧地 18. alcohol n. 酒精，酒→alcoholic adj. 酒精的；含酒精的 n. 酒鬼；嗜酒如命者 19. infection n. 传染，感染→infected adj. 被感染的→infectious adj. 传染的；易传染的 重点短语 1. relate to 涉及，与……有关 2. prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 3. wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决 4. put sth in place 准备就绪 5. without doubt 毫无疑问，的确 6. a ripe old age 高龄 7. go to great lengths to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 8. date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 重点句型 1． make＋it＋adj.＋to do Ultimately，this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. 最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修正异常基因来预防疾病。 2． as引导时间状语从句 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately. 然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 3． 独立主格 Up to now，more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified，each linked to a different part of the body. 到目前为止，已有360多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 4． there be句型；现在分词短语作定语 For example，there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain，but no agreement has been reached. 例如，有几种不同的理论试图解释针灸如何缓解疼痛，但至今仍然莫衷一是。 单元语法 现在完成进行时 一、现在完成进行时的形式 肯定句：have/has been＋现在分词(doing) 否定句：have/has not been＋现在分词(doing) 疑问句：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词(doing)＋...? Our government has been using PSAs to educate people for many years. Our government has not been using PSAs to educate people for many years. Has our government been using PSAs to educate people for many years. 二、现在完成进行时的用法 1. 延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。 —Why，Jack？You look so tired! —Well，I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. ——为什么，杰克？你看上去很累啊！ ——对，我一直在粉刷屋子，而且明天必须得刷完。(强调一直在做，并且还将持续) Mary has been going to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week.从6月开始，玛丽每天晚上去上写作课，这门课程将于这周结束。(玛丽上写作课的状态从过去持续到未来) 2. 重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。 —Isn’t it hard to drive to downtown to work? —Yes，that’s why I have been going to work by train. ——开车去市中心上班难道不麻烦吗？ ——很麻烦，这就是我一直坐火车去上班的原因。(到现在一直坐火车去上班，强调重复性和持续性) Since humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.自从人类开始从事园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更美丽。(表示到现在一直努力做，强调重复性和持续性) 3. 感情色彩：和进行时一样，现在完成进行时可以带有说话人的感情色彩(如赞扬、厌恶、抱怨等)。 Where have you been？I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours. 你去哪了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。(抱怨) He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years，which really isn’t an easy thing. 他已经做了十五年的志愿者，这真不是一件容易的事。(表扬) 三、现在完成进行时需要注意的几点 1. 现在完成进行时常和以下时间状语连用：for＋时间段，always，since，these days/years，recently，all the time，all day/week/afternoon...，How long...等。 2. 有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时 (1)表示状态的动词：be，have，exist，belong，own等； (2)表示感情的动词：like，love，hate，detest等； (3)表示感觉的动词：see，hear，feel，sound等； (4)其他动词：believe，doubt，want，wish，agree，include，order，know等。 (正)He has had a terrible headache for the last few days.他最近几天头疼得很厉害。 (误)He has been having a terrible headache for the last few days. 3. 现在完成时可以与never，ever，yet，already等连用，而现在完成进行时则不能与它们连用。 (正)There is nothing new in the book in that I have already read it three times. 这本书中没有什么新东西，因为我已经看了三遍了。 (误)There is nothing new in the book in that I have already been reading it three times. 疑难辨析现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或表达某种情感，还可以表示动作的重复。现在完成时强调动作的完成性，强调对现在产生的影响或产生的结果，一般不表示动作的重复性。 试比较： (1)They have been discussing the plan for a week，but no decision has been made. 一个星期以来他们一直在讨论那个计划，但尚未做出任何决定。 (2)They have discussed the plan for a week，and the decision is that they should try their best to attract investors.他们已经讨论这个计划一周了，(做出的)决定是他们应该尽最大努力吸引投资者。 分析： 第(1)句中根据no decision 可知没有做出决定，说明讨论这个动作并未完成，之前应该是一直在讨论。使用了现在完成进行时表示动作discuss的延续，而且可以反复出现，表示一次又一次的讨论。 第(2)句中根据the decision is that...可知决定已经做出，说明讨论这个动作已经完成，讨论已经结束。使用现在完成时表示讨论这个动作对现在造成的影响，不表示动作的重复性。 一.单句语法填空 1. The mayor decided to visit the villages ________(affect) by the flood. 2. I have come to make a contract ________ you for the business under discussion. 3. Written Chinese has also become an important means ________ which China’s present is connected with its past. 4. (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏无锡·期中)The health issues ________(arise) from pollution in the city are a major concern for residents. 5. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by ________(restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. 6. These citizens were prohibited ________ travelling abroad. 7. Whether the students should bring smartphones to school is hotly ________(debate). 8. ________(equip) with high technology and a team of educators, our school offers a great learning environment. 9. The boy ________(equip) himself with torches and rope, and set off. 10.The school authorities found the eyesight problem among high school students ________(disturb). 11. At your request, I have made a few ________(adjust) to the design. 12. There is no evidence ________ he has approved of the loan. 13. It is a pity that Jane and George can’t make ________ to the party. 14. ________(date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. 15. There are some tall trees in our campus, some ________(measure) more than forty metres. 16. Since decades ago, the government ________(advocate) Eco-tourism routes to promote environmentally-friendly practice. 17. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________(be) rising steadily since 1990. 二、完成句子 1. (His attention was concentrated on his experiment, so he had no time for his family. (同义句转换) →① (with复合结构) →② (独立主格结构) 2. I tried to phone you this morning. I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here. 3. Diane hasn’t got much sleep this week. She looks terrible today. (用现在完成进行时改写) / 考点1：affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动(effect n. 效应；影响；效果 affection n. 喜爱，感情；影响；感染 effective adj. 有效的) ·be affected by 被……打动；受……影响 be affected with感染……疾病 ·have an effect on 对……有影响 ·have a great affection for非常喜欢…… gain/win sb’s affection得到某人的喜爱 1. The lovely puppy soon gained my grandfather’s ________(affect). 2. The boy was deeply ________(affect) by the news of the little dog’s death. 考点2：identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份(identification n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明 identity n. 身份；相同，一致 identical adj. 同一的；一模一样的) ·identify...as...确认，证明……；鉴别出…… identify with sb/sth 认同……；与……有同感 ·identification/identity card身份证；标识卡 ·be identical to与……相同 1. Bring some form of ________(identify), preferably a passport. 2. Up till now, 16 genetic markers that relate to human lifespans ________(identify). 考点3：relate vt. & vi. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述(related adj. 相关的，有联系的 relation n. 关系，联系；亲戚 relative n. 亲戚，亲属 adj. 相比较而言的，比较的；相对的，相关联的) ·relate to涉及，与……相关 relate A to/with B把A和B联系起来 relate sth to sb 给某人讲某事 ·be related to与……有关/有联系 ·in relation to关于，涉及；相对……而言 1. This relates ________ something I mentioned earlier. 2. The ________(relate) between different cultural groups is highlighted during the festival. 考点4：means n. (单复数同形)手段；方法；方式；财富，钱财 a means of一种……方式 by all means尽一切办法；当然；务必 by means of借助……；依靠…… by no means/not by any means决不，一点儿也不 1. Each possible means ________(try) again and again. 2. Written Chinese has also become an important means ________ which China’s present is connected with its past. 考点5：arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现，发生；上升；起立；起身；(由……)引起，(因……)产生(形近词：raise vt. 举起；提高；增加 rise vi. 上升，增长) arise from＝arise out of由……而引起，产生于 arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来 1. Great importance should be attached to emotional or mental problems (arise) from a physical cause. 2. Accidents often arise ________ carelessness. 考点6：restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束[restricted adj. (大小或者数量)有限的，很小的；(指能做的事)有限的，受限制的 restriction n. 限制规定，限制法规；限制，约束] ·restrict...to...把……限制/限定在……(数量、范围等)内 restrict sb/oneself to (doing) sth 限制/约束某人(做)某事 ·place/lift a restriction on实施/取消对……的限制 ·be restricted to...限制在(某范围) 1. Thanks to Wi-Fi, we no longer have to be restricted the Internet with cables. 2. The regulations were seen as a (restrict) on personal freedom. 考点7：prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)阻止，禁止；使不可能(prohibition n. 禁止；禁令) ·prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事，阻止做某事 prohibit sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事，禁止某人做某事 ·a prohibition against/on...一项对……的禁令 1. It is high time that a (prohibit) against selling alcohol to people under the age of 18 should be carried out. 2. These citizens were prohibited ________ travelling abroad. 考点8：resistance n. 抵抗，反抗；抵抗力；抵制，反对(resist vi.& vt.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐 resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的) ·resistance to...抵制，抗拒；对……有抵抗力 ·resist doing sth 抵制做某事；反对做某事 ·be resistant to...对……有抵抗力；对……抵制 1. I couldn’t resist ________(have) a try and began to play computer games. 考点9：debate vt. & vi. 讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n. 讨论，争论；辩论 ·debate with sb about/over/on...与某人讨论…… debate＋wh-...讨论…… ·have/hold a debate about/over/on...举行关于……的讨论 under debate在讨论中；在辩论中 beyond/without debate无可争议 1. Tom debated ________ his parents about what he was going to major in at university. 考点10：equip vt. 配备；使有能力(equipment n. 装备；设备) ·equip sb with...使某人具备……资格/技能 equip sb for...使某人具有……；使某人为……做好准备 equip sb to do sth 使某人有能力做某事；使某人为做某事做好准备 be equipped with 配备有…… ·a piece of equipment一件设备 1. We are proud of having all the latest ________(equip) in our chemistry lab. 2. When ________(equip) with new scientific farming methods, farmers can use less farmland to produce more. 考点11：adjust vt. & vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理(adjustment n. 调整；适应 adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的) ·adjust sth (to sth) (根据……)调整；调节 adjust to (doing) sth 适应(做)某事；习惯(做)某事 adjust oneself to sth 适应…… ·make adjustments to对……做出调整 1. The experience tested humans’ ability to adjust ________(they) to the sudden huge changes in living conditions and environments. 2. Complaining of frequent staff changes resulting in a lack of consistency between residential workers and inadequate control of the youngsters, they are making (adjust) to the system. 考点12：without doubt 毫无疑问，的确 ·in doubt 不确定，拿不准 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… There is (some) doubt whether...……有疑问 doubt about...对……的怀疑 ·doubt whether/if...怀疑是否…… don’t doubt that...不怀疑…… Without doubt she will come to your birthday party this Friday. (升级为there be句型) →________________ she will come to your birthday party this Friday. 考点13：date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 ·date back to＝date from＝trace back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 ·set/fix a date for确定……的日期 have a date with sb 与某人有个约会 out of date/up to date过时的；陈旧的/现代的，最新的 to date迄今为止，到目前为止 (普通表达)The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(同义句转换) (高级表达)The festival ________________ to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year. (现在分词短语作定语) 考点14：it作形式宾语 【教材原句】Ultimately，this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修正异常基因来预防疾病。(P31) 本句中使用了“make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb)＋to do sth”结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，该结构也可以转换成make it＋adj./n.＋that从句。 有相似用法的动词包括think，consider，find，feel等。 While working, I found it was hard to work in the fields under a hot sun. →While working, I ________________________.(用it作形式宾语改写) 考点15：独立主格结构 【教材原句】Up to now，more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified，each linked to a different part of the body.目前为止已有360多个穴位被确认，每个穴位对应着身体的不同部位。(P39) 本句中画线处使用了独立主格结构。 独立主格结构的特点：独立主格是一种独立结构，在形式上与主句没有关系，在句中作状语，相当于状语从句；通常用逗号跟句子分开。 独立主格的构成： ·名词/代词＋现在分词　表示主动和进行 ·名词/代词＋过去分词　表示被动、完成 ·名词/代词＋动词不定式　表示将要发生的动作 ·名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词　用来说明逻辑主语的性质、特征或所处状态 “But I have cheated my grandmother,” she said, and tears of guilt flowed down her cheeks. (句型转换) →“But I have cheated my grandmother,” she said, ________________________.(独立主格结构) 知识导图记忆 基础练 一、单句语法填空 1. They are discussing the details of the ________(contract). 2. The ________(resist) of the material affects its conductivity. 3. With so many key files ________(delete), he had to speed up his action in case of being discovered. 4. Unexpected difficulties ________(arise) in the course of their experiment. 5. When communication technology brings different cultures closer together, words are even more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language ________ a faster pace than ever before. 6. Up till now, 16 genetic markers that relate to human lifespans ________(identify). 7. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ________(ultimate) lead to illness. 8. What was the ________(find) that Snow announced? 9. Several important legal questions ________(arise) in the contract negotiation yesterday. 10. The unique location and extreme heat ________(effect) the climate in Chongqing in July. 11. Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting ________(normal) genes early on. 12. We will be able to use genome (基因组) editing to increase the human ________(resist) to colds and flu. 13. One of the most striking ________(characteristic) of Morris’s designs is a sensuous vitality derived from his deep love of nature. 14. Trapped in the severe situation for quite a long time, the team made up their mind ________(wrestle) with it. 15. Although there were some rooms open to the public, most of the interior was desperately in need of ________(restore). 16. There is plenty of ________(evident) that drinking is closely connected with violence. 17. Meditation can help reduce ________(anxious). 18. Social ________(phenomenon) are complex and changeable, requiring deep research. 19. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history________(date) all the way back to Roman times. 20. Online shopping is a global ________(phenomena). 二、完成句子/单句写作 1. 违反合同可能导致法律诉讼。 → Breaking a ________ may lead to legal action. 2. 电阻会随着温度升高而增加。 →________ increases with temperature. 3. 她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。 She helped me solve the problem I ________ ________ ________ ________ for weeks. 4. 如果有什么不正常的情况或者你得了癌症之类的重病，他们可以在早期警告你。 They can warn you early on if there is something ________ or if you have a critical illness such as ________. 5. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and a________ our chances of contracting certain diseases. 它还包含有关信息，有助于确定我们的寿命，并影响我们患某些疾病的风险。 6. 基因组编辑编辑技术作为对抗疾病的一种新武器，将从根本上改变我们的医疗保健方式。 Genome editing, ________________ in the fight against diseases, will lead to ________________ in our approach to health care. 7. 上周，我们就学生是否应该在学校携带手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。 Last week, we had a ________ ________ ________ ________ students should carry mobile phones at school. 8. 人们总是将一个人的表现与其教育背景联系起来。 People tend ________ relate one’s performance ________ his education background. 9. 父亲能够理解儿子的困境，因为他也经历过类似的挑战。(relate) The father can ________________ as he has been through similar challenges himself. 10. 我非常高兴收到你的来信，你在信中询问我关于如何适应新的学校生活的建议。(疑问词+to do) I’m more than delighted to receive your letter asking for my advice on ________________________. 11. 不幸的是，洪水冲毁了这座历史追溯回清朝的建筑。 Unfortunately, the flood destroyed the building ________ ________ ________ the Qing Dynasty. 12. 过度焦虑会影响学习效率。 → Excessive ________ can affect learning efficiency. 13. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to Roman times.(date短语; all短语) 伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。 14. Since then, the virtual choir has ________ ________ ________ ________. (phenomenon) 自此，虚拟合唱团成为风靡全球的现象。 15. 有强有力和全面的证据表明，气温上升导致世界范围内极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成严重破坏，而且夺去了人的生命。 There is ________________ that the rise in temperature has led to ________________ extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also ________________. 16. 文字记载表明，针灸可追溯至宋朝。 Written records show that acupuncture ________ ________ to the Song Dynasty. 17. 这座古老的寺庙始建于12世纪，见证了无数的历史事件。 This ancient temple ________ ________ ________ the 12th century and has witnessed countless historical events. 18. 中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。 Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history ________________ more than 1,000 years ago. 19. It ________________________ the use of longgu... 它可以追溯到数千年前使用的龙骨的时期… 20. 这条石桥历史悠久，可追溯到17世纪。 This stone bridge has a long history ________ ________ ________ the 17th century. 三、句型转换 1. She has no idea how she can restore the deleted files after the system crashed unexpectedly. (同义转换) She has no idea ________ ________ ________ the deleted files after the system crashed unexpectedly. 2. When you use oil or fat for cooking, use as little as you can. (同义句转换) →When you use oil or fat for cooking, use ________________________. 3. Air, noise and water have affected people ’s health. (用现在完成时的被动语态完成句型转换) ________________________ by air, noise and water. 4. Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometres away from shaoguan, right at the river bank of caoxi and it dates back to 1, 500 years ago. (分词作状语) ________ ________ ________ 1,500 years ago, Nan Hua temple is located 22 kilometres away from shaoguan, right at the river bank of caoxi. 5. People think Chinese tea culture dates back to 5,000 years ago.(升级为被动语态) →Chinese tea culture ________________________ 5,000 years ago. 6. It rained heavily. The rain caused severe flood in the country. (用现在分词合并句子) ________________________________________________________________ 7. (普通表达)The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(同义句转换) (高级表达)The festival ________________ to celebrate the harvest in autumn is held in November every year. (现在分词短语作定语) 8. According to the expert, the building has a history which dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty. (同义句转换) →According to the expert, the building has a history ________________________.(分词短语作定语) 9. He was anxious that his girlfriend should meet his parents. (同义句转换) →He was anxious ________ his girlfriend ________ his parents. 提升练 一.阅读理解 (2025高二下·江苏南京·期中)Inspired by the Chinese blockbuster film Ne Zha 2, where the immortal Taiyi Zhenren uses the Seven-Colored Lotus to reconstruct bodies, a scientific team in Wuhan, Hubei Province has spent a decade developing real-life bone regeneration technology using lotus. A research team from Wuhan Polytechnic University’s School of Food Science and Engineering has pioneered a groundbreaking medical application using extracts from lotus root fibers. By employing 3D printing technology, they create customized bone scaffolds tailored to bone defect areas. These scaffolds stabilize fractured skeletons while guiding cells to grow along the lotus fiber structures, accelerating bone tissue regeneration. Jiang Xueye, a lead researcher on the team, explained that compared to traditional steel nail implants, the lotus fiber scaffolds address issues such as poor adaptability and extensive surgical exposure. They also significantly reduce the risk of patient rejection. Crucially, the scaffold’s degradation perfectly corresponds with the rate of new bone growth, making secondary removal surgeries unnecessary. The technology is currently undergoing animal trials and, if successfully applied in clinical settings, could dramatically lower treatment costs and ease suffering for fracture patients, the school noted. Beyond medical breakthroughs, the team has made remarkable progress in developing functional food ingredients and health products from lotus roots. Their patented lotus root powder preserves nearly all nutrients and can be used to create instant drink mixes, fish cakes and cookies, high-activity probiotic products through lactic acid bacteria fermentation(乳酸菌发酵). The gelatinized(糊化) power also serves as a materials for 3D-printed foods, suggesting a future where imaginative treats shaped like Ne Zha or his Wind and Fire Wheels could be crafted on demand. 1. What is the main focus of the research team from Wuhan Polytechnic University? A. Developing new 3D printers. B. Creating traditional steel nail implants. C. Using lotus root fibers to rebuild bones. D. Producing functional foods from lotus roots. 2. What advantage do lotus fiber scaffolds have over traditional steel nail implants? A. They are cheaper to produce. B. They reduce the risk of patient rejection and avoid secondary surgeries. C. They immediately dissolve post-surgery to prevent infection. D. They have lower immune rejection rates. 3. What is a potential future application of the gelatinized lotus root powder mentioned in the article? A. 3D-printed foods shaped like characters or objects. B. Construction materials for bridges. C. Fuel for vehicles. D. Clothing for athletes. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards the research team’s work on lotus fiber scaffolds? A. Skeptical and critical. B. Neutral and indifferent. C. Confused and uncertain. D. Enthusiastic and supportive. 二、完形填空 (2025高二下·江西南昌·阶段练习)“Why would you do something like this?” I asked as the woman put her blouse back on. She looked at me, 1 . “I mean, I’m very grateful,” I added, “But it can’t be nice having dozens of medical students 2 you.” She shook her head and replied peacefully, “It’s my way of saying thank you. This hospital saved my life. I 3 them.” I looked at her medical history in my notebook. Fifteen years ago, she was 4 of breast cancer. The tumor(肿瘤) was removed, and then she received 5 . Seven years later, the cancer 6 , and she underwent an operation to remove a breast. It was hard to imagine that someone suffering so much would willingly 7 themselves to the shame for baring her body to others. Yet she just wanted to repay the staff by 8 to be a patient for medical school finals, without expecting anything in return. 9 , I realize how much my training depended on such selfless people. Behind every successful doctor stand a number of 10 — those who donate their bodies for dissection(解剖), those who allow students to examine them, and those who share their 11 . What they went through is often tiring or uncomfortable, yet they receive little 12 . These unsung heroes make medical education 13 . Their contributions are rarely acknowledged. However, without them, young doctors couldn’t 14 their skills. While doctors might help people, they wouldn’t be in a position to do so if people hadn’t 15 them first. 1. A. pleased B. annoyed C. surprised D. disappointed 2. A. curing B. detecting C. inspecting D. surrounding 3. A. adore B. owe C. praise D. treasure 4. A. persuaded B. informed C. suspected D. reminded 5. A. treatment B. encouragement C. advice D. surgery 6. A. returned B. remained C. responded D. recovered 7. A. attach B. subject C. apply D. devote 8. A. arranging B. pretending C. volunteering D. struggling 9. A. Looking back B. Holding on C. Turning around D. Setting out 10. A. nurses B. heroes C. assistants D. citizens 11. A. experiences B. adventures C. discoveries D. responsibilities 12. A. approval B. payment C. recognition D. confirmation 13. A. identical B. precious C. special D. possible 14. A. show B. prove C. employ D. enhance 15. A. resolved B. expected C. helped D. acknowledged 三、语法填空 (2025高二下·广东·期中)I graduated from the Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 1994, and 1 (work) in orthopedics(骨科) for 26 years by the time I took part in 2 Chinese Medical Volunteers tour in Yushu, Qinghai province in August 2020. Then, I used TCM approaches, such as acupuncture and 3 (herb) patches(贴片) on acupuncture points to treat a variety of health problems, including knee injuries, aching muscles and sharp pains. These conditions are 4 (primary) caused by the local people’s herding practices and the tough environment 5 they live, and are also associated with some of their unhealthy living habits. TCM methods can only relieve the pain for a short time, and sometimes they are unable to address the fundamental causes. So, I suggested that Chinese Medical Volunteers perform surgeries locally 6 bring the patients to better developed regions for treatment. The plan came to fruition, and we successfully completed surgeries on 21 patients. One surgery had to 7 (cancel) because the patient had severe heart failure. As the head of the surgical team, I was 8 a lot of pressure because we were responsible for ensuring the safety of every patient, 9 (rid) them of their pain and improving their quality of life. The goal of our action was not just to conduct surgeries, but also 10 (provide) local medical workers with hands - on training, so local villagers would still be able to access quality treatment conveniently after we left. 四、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kelly is a nurse. Her kidney(肾脏) proved to be a perfect match for her cousin, Dana, who is a teacher. Her kidney had worsened to the point where she required a transplant(移植). As Kelly told Dana, “I’m in good health and I almost never get sick or ill. It seems that I can be a donor for you.” Dana was wild with joy. Later on a Thursday afternoon, after spending the first of two days undergoing tests to confirm her kidney was a match for Dana, Kelly got a call from a Cleveland Clinic caregiver. They were canceling the second day of her tests. A CT scan revealed the presence of a tumor(肿瘤) on Kelly’s right kidney. Kelly was shocked about the discovery and concerned she might no longer be a donor available for Dana. That meant that Kelly had to have an operation to remove the tumor, unable to donate her kidney. Meanwhile Dana had to wait for some other donors for a matchable kidney, which was really hard to find. Dana was thrown back to desperation. The cousins were at a loss. But their doctors wouldn’t give up. They tried every possible means to find a solution that could satisfy both sides, treating Kelly’s illness and offering Dana transplanting. But the bad news was that there had been few such reported cases. Determined to solve this difficult problem, Dr. Wee, director of the Kidney Transplant Program, held meetings with a team of specialists to discuss over details of the case and best steps to move forward. They worked day and night to search for related information and make analysis. Seeing the devotion of the experts, Kelly and Dana felt the flame of hope returning to their hearts. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After many meetings, the medical team felt confident to treat the two patients at the same time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The cousins recovered from their surgeries. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$