(预习部分)专题02 Unit 2 Sports culture(选择必修二)(知识全梳理&考点精准练)-【暑假自学课】2025年新高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题02 Unit 2 Sports culture(选择必修二) (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：7大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 重点单词 1. joint adj. 联合的，共同的 n. 关节；接合处 2. boundary n. 边界，分界线 3. afterwards (also afterward) adv. 以后，后来 4. proceed vi. 接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 5. flame n. 火焰，火舌 6. consistent adj. 一致的，始终如一的；连续的 7. rank vi. & vt. 属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n. 地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 8. trend n. 趋势，趋向 9. identical adj. 完全同样的 10. fellow adj. 同类的，同情况的，同伴的 n. 同辈，同类；男人，家伙 11. relay n. 接力赛 vt. 转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 12. chest n. 胸部；大箱子 13. cheek n. 面颊，脸颊 14. amateur n. 业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj. 业余的 15. gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地 16. session n. 一段时间，一场；会议，开庭；学年 17. chairman n. (委员会的)委员长，主席；(会议的)主席，主持人 18. pour vt. & vi. 倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 19. celebrity n. 名人；名望 20. grace n. 高雅，文雅；优美；风度，体面 21. dignity n. 尊严；自尊；高贵 22. idiom n. 习语，成语 23. league n. 联赛；等级，级别 24. insurance n. 保险业；保险；保险费 25. salesman n. 售货员，推销员 26. handle vt.处理，应付；控制，操纵 n. 把手，拉手；柄 27. fist n. 拳，拳头 28. waist n. 腰，腰部；(衣服的)腰部 29. remark n. 谈论，言论 vi. & vt. 说起，评论 重点单词拓展 1. participate vi. 参与，参加→participation n. 参加，参与→participant n. 参与者 2. compete vi. 参加比赛；竞争→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n. 竞争者 3. diverse adj. 多种多样的，不同的→diversity n. 多样性；多种多样 4. motivate vt. 激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→motivation n. 动力；诱因；干劲 5. demonstrate vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威→demonstration n. 表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威 6. applaud vt. & vi. 称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n. 鼓掌 7. election n. 选举，推选；当选→elect vt. 选举；推选 8. faith n. 信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰→faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv. 忠实地 9. ambition n. 追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志→ambitious adj. 有志气的，有野心的 10. limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量→limited adj. 有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limitation n. 范围；限制 11. opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者→opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的→opposed adj. 强烈反对的；截然不同的 12. unselfish adj. 无私的，忘我的→selfish adj.自私的→selfishness n. 自私自利→selfless adj. 无私的→selflessness n. 无私，忘我 13. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉→complaint n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉 14. cruel adj. 刻毒伤人的，残酷的→cruelty n. 残忍；残酷→cruelly adv. 残酷地；残忍地 重点短语 1. track and field 田径运动 2. call on sb to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 3. walk on air 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 4. keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 5. find one’s way into 偶然来到，无意中处于 6. move the goalposts 改变条件(或规则) 7. score an own goal 进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 8. in the ballpark 差不多 9. a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计 10. throw sb a curveball 给某人出难题 11. three strikes and you are out 三振出局 12. below the belt 不公正的，伤人的 13. throw in the towel 认输，承认失败 重点句型 1． 强调句型 It was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin，who brought the Olympics back to life. 是一位名叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重获生机。 2． that引导表语从句 His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace. 他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在一起。 3． whether...or...引导让步状语从句 Whether you come first or last，it is important to remember that at any sporting event，you face two opponents：your fellow competitors and yourself. 无论你是第一名还是最后一名，重要的是要记住，在任何体育赛事中，你都面临着两个对手：与你同场竞技的人和你自己。 4． wish后接虚拟语气 Thankfully，goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal，he or she might wish they did. 谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但当球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她说不定会希望球门真能移动。 5． too...to... When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. 当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太累或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。 单元语法 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 一、过去进行时的被动语态 1. 过去进行时的被动语态的构成 (1)基本结构：was/were being＋动词的过去分词 (2)肯定句：主语＋was/were being＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (3)否定句：主语＋was/were not being＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (4)一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋being＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ (5)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组＋was/were＋(主语＋) being＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ Another bridge was being constructed over the Yellow River then. Another bridge was not being constructed over the Yellow River then. Was another bridge being constructed over the Yellow River then? What was being done to the machine then? 2. 过去进行时的被动语态的常见用法 过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。常用的时间状语有then，this time last year，at that time等。 He was being interviewed by our director yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午他正在接受我们经理的面试。 二、过去完成时的被动语态 1. 过去完成时的被动语态的构成 (1)基本结构：had been＋动词的过去分词 (2)肯定句：主语＋had been＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (3)否定句：主语＋hadn’t been＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (4)一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋been＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ (5)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组＋had＋(主语＋) been＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ All the tickets had been sold out by the time they got there. All the tickets had not been sold out by the time they got there. Had all the tickets been sold out by the time they got there？ What preventative measures had been taken before the earthquake took place？ 2. 过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法 过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。 (1)用在told，said，knew，thought 等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完。 (2)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动作，常与by the time，before等引导的时间状语从句连用。 (3)表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与for，since引导的时间状语连用。 (4)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。 3. 过去完成时的被动语态在固定句型中的运用 过去完成时的被动语态所适用的句型与过去完成时所适用的句型基本一致。 (1)在 It was the first/second/...time that...句型中，从句的主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 (2)用在Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely...when...和No sooner...than...句型中，表示“一……就……”。 (3)在“It was＋一段时间＋since...”句型中，从句的主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 疑难辨析 1. 过去进行时的被动语态与过去完成时的被动语态的区别 过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，如要表达这种情况，需要用过去完成时的被动语态。 People were concerned about the case that was being investigated twice by the police. (　×　) People were concerned about the case that had been investigated twice by the police. (　√　) The man risked his life rescuing the child who was being trapped in the mountain for two days. (　×　) The man risked his life rescuing the child who had been trapped in the mountain for two days. (　√　) 2. 过去进行时的被动语态和一般过去时的被动语态的区别 过去进行时的被动语态强调的是过去的某个特定时间正在进行的被动动作；而一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动的动作已经发生了。 3. 过去完成时的被动语态与现在完成时的被动语态的区别 过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。而现在完成时的被动语态则表示说话的时候已经完成的动作或者出现的结果，主语是行为动作的承受者。 单句语法填空 1. To get ________(motivate) to start doing something, from my own experience, the most effective trick for me is to just do it. 【答案】motivated 【详解】考查词形转换。句意：从我个人的经历来看，要积极地去开始做某事，对我来说最有效的诀窍就是做起来。根据句意可知，此处表示变得积极，故填形容词motivated。 2. Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year, ________(rank) second in China. 【答案】ranking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：山东省今年苹果产量为5000万磅，在中国排第二。分析句子结构可知，该句谓语是produced，且Shandong Province和动词rank之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以设空处应填rank的现在分词形式ranking，表主动，充当状语。故填ranking。 3. To prevent himself from being addicted, he limited himself ________ three cups of coffee a day. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：为了防止自己上瘾，他限制自己每天只喝三杯咖啡。动词短语limit...to...表示“把……限制在……”，limit himself to three cups of coffee a day意为“限制自己每天只喝三杯咖啡”，符合句子和句意。故填to。 4. All of us oppose________(carry) out the policy right now. 【答案】carrying　 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们现在都反对执行这项政策。oppose doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“反对做某事”。故填carrying。 5. We hope the building project will be completed as soon as possible because lots of citizens are complaining ________ the noise. 【答案】about/of 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们希望这个建筑工程能尽快完成，因为很多市民都在抱怨噪音。短语complain about/of，意为“抱怨”，符合句意，故填about/of。 6. The salesgirl is very good at ________(handle) difficult customers,which pleases the manager very much. 【答案】handling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位女售货员很善于应付难缠的顾客，这使经理很高兴。at为介词，后面需加动名词handling作宾语。故填handling。 7. The man was charged with his ________(cruel) to animals for abandoning his pet dog on the street. 【答案】cruelty 【详解】考查名词。句意：该男子因将宠物狗遗弃在街头而被指控虐待动物。空处需要名词做介词with的宾语。cruel为形容词，其名词形式为cruelty，意为“虐待”，不可数名词。故填cruelty。 8. The scientist ________ that he had found a ________ way to solve the problem, but others made no ________ about it.(remark) 【答案】remarked; remarkable; remarks 【详解】考查时态，形容词和名词的复数。句意：这位科学家说他找到了解决这个问题的非凡方法，但其他人对此却不加评论。第一空处是谓语，由had found是过去完成时可知，第一空处是一般过去时，用过去式；第二空用形容词作定语，修饰名词way，remark的形容词是remarkable，意为“非凡的”；no后跟可数名词的复数，因此第三空是remarks。故填remarked，remarkable，remarks。 9. It was the spirit of legendary soccer players ________ inspired Fan Zhendong to give his all on the court. 【答案】that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是传奇足球运动员的精神激励着范振东在球场上倾尽全力。这是一个强调句型“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分”，此处强调的是主语“the spirit of legendary soccer players”。故填that。 10. He felt so cold that he kept trembling as if he ________(be) unable to endure it any more. 【答案】was 【详解】考查时态。句意：他冷得一直发抖，好像再也忍受不了了。as if引导方式状语从句，当说话人认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的情况时，不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。此处结合语境，有发抖迹象，可知这是真实情况，使用陈述语气。根据句中的felt，kept可知，应该用一般过去时。故答案是was。 完成句子 11. I prefer taking extreme sports to competing in regular sports.(同义句改写) I prefer ________ ________ extreme sports rather than ________ in regular sports. 【答案】to take; compete 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我喜欢极限运动，不喜欢参加常规运动。固定句型prefer doing...to doing...可以替换成prefer to do...rather than do...，表示“宁愿做某事而不做某事”。故填①to②take③compete。 12. I’m sorry I didn’t answer your phone call, because my teacher was delivering a lecture.(句型转换) →I’m sorry I didn’t answer your phone call, because a lecture ________________________________. 【答案】was being delivered by my teacher 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：很抱歉我没有接你的电话，因为我的老师正在讲课。根据was delivering可知，句子为过去进行时，改为a lecture作为主语，用过去进行时的被动语态，谓语为be being delivered，主语为单数，be动词用was，用介词by引出动作的发出者my teacher。故填was being delivered by my teacher。 13. She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. →We ________________________________ and we were able to find it easily.(句型转换) 【答案】had been given clear directions by her 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：她给我们指明了方向，我们很容易就找到了。需将主动句“she had given us”转换为被动句形式，间接宾语us已经转为主语we；结合时态为过去完成时，被动形式为had been done，即had been given；再将直接宾语clear directions保留，后跟by短语by her引出动作的发出者。故答案为had been given clear directions by her。 / 考点1：participate vi. 参加，参与(participation n. 参加；参与 participant n. 参与者；参加者) participate in参加；参与 participate with sb in sth 与某人一起参加/分担某事 Recently, an online survey on traffic conditions around our campus (conduct), whose (participate) are our school’s students. 【答案】has been conducted; participants 【详解】考查时态，语态，主谓一致和名词。句意：最近，我们进行了一项关于校园周围交通状况的在线调查，其参与者是我们学校的学生。由Recently可知，句子时态是现在完成时，调查是被进行，因此第一空用现在完成时的被动语态，主语an online survey是单数，因此第一空是has been conducted；由our school’s students可知，第二空是“参与者”，是participant，由are可知，第二空用复数。故填has been conducted，participants。 考点2：compete vi. 参加比赛；竞争(competition n. 比赛 competitive adj. 有竞争力的 competitor n. 竞争者；对手) ·compete in参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for为……而竞争 compete with/against...for...为争取……而与……对抗/竞争 ·in competition with 与……进行竞争 It is very important to work together as a team, especially in such a (compete) society. 【答案】competitive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：团队合作非常重要，尤其是在这样一个竞争激烈的社会里。本空修饰名词society，应用形容词，作前置定语，compete的形容词形式为competitive，意为“竞争激烈的”。故填competitive。 考点3：proceed vi. 接着做，继而做；继续从事(进行)；行进，前往 继续/接着做某事 proceed to someplace前往某个地方 I’m sorry I stopped you. Please proceed your work. 【答案】with 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：很抱歉我打断了你。请继续你的工作。表示“继续”应用动词短语proceed with。故填with。 考点4：consistent adj. 一致的，始终如一的；连续的(consist v. 包括，在于；由……组成) ·be consistent with和……一致/相符 be consistent in sth/doing sth 在……上始终如一/一致 ·consist of包含；包括 consist in存在于 consist with与……一致 1. Indeed, it has been (consistence) ranked by the United Nations as one of the best countries to live in, and visitors are always welcome! 【答案】consistently 【详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，它一直被联合国评为最适合居住的国家之一，并且永远欢迎游客！分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词ranked，consistence的形容词为consistent意为“始终如一的”，其副词为consistently意为“始终”符合句意。故填consistently。 2. Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent the reality. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：请记住，我们的理想生活并不总是与现实相一致。根据句意及句子结构可知，空处应填介词with，固定搭配：be consistent with“与……相一致”。故填with。 考点5：faith n. 信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰(faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的 faithfully adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地) ·have/lose faith in对……有/失去信心 keep/break faith with信守/违背对……的承诺 ·be faithful to忠实于；忠诚于 In spite of the (limit) resources, they still made great progress in the research. 【答案】limited 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管资源有限，他们仍在研究中取得了巨大进展。空格处需用形容词修饰名词resources，动词limit的形容词为limited，意为“有限的”，作定语。故填limited。 考点6：ambition n. 追求的目标，夙愿；雄心，野心，壮志(ambitious adj. 有雄心的，有野心的) achieve/realize one’s ambition实现某人的夙愿/抱负；如愿以偿 an ambition to do sth /of doing sth 做某事的理想/抱负 His mother was hard-working and (ambition) for her four children. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的母亲为她的四个孩子辛勤工作，雄心勃勃。作表语，应用ambition的形容词ambitious，意为“雄心勃勃的”符合句意。故填ambitious。 考点7：limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量(limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj.无限的 limitation n. 局限性) ·beyond the limit超过限度 set a limit on对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to对……是有限的/无限的 ·limit...to...把……限制在……内 be limited to受限制于…… In spite of the (limit) resources, they still made great progress in the research. 【答案】limited 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管资源有限，他们仍在研究中取得了巨大进展。空格处需用形容词修饰名词resources，动词limit的形容词为limited，意为“有限的”，作定语。故填limited。 考点8：opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的(oppose vt. & vi. 反对；对抗 opposed adj. 强烈反对的；截然不同的 opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者) ·be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 ·oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事 In the debate, the two speakers presented (oppose) arguments, which made for a lively discussion. 【答案】opposing/opposite 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在辩论中，两位发言人提出了相反的观点，这使得讨论非常热烈。空处需填形容词，作定语修饰名词arguments，oppose为动词，其形容词为opposing或opposite，意为“相反的”。故填opposing或opposite。 考点9：complain vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉(complaint n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉) ·complain (to sb) about/of sth(向某人)抱怨某事；(向某人)投诉某事 complain of/about抱怨 ·make a complaint against/about 对……抱怨/提出投诉 The customer filed a (complain) about the poor service at the restaurant. 【答案】complaint 【详解】考查名词。句意：顾客对这家餐厅的糟糕服务提出了投诉。根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知，此处应填名词单数形式。complain的名词形式为complaint，意为“投诉”，作宾语，符合句意。故填complaint。 考点10：remark n. 谈论，言论 vi. & vt.说起，评论(remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的) ·make a remark/remarks on/upon对……发表评论/看法 ·remark on/upon谈论/评论 remark that...评论……；谈到…… ·be remarkable for＝be known/famous for因……而著名 It’s rude to remark the appearance of others. 【答案】on/upon 【详解】考查介词。句意：评论其他人的长相是不礼貌的。根据句意“评论”和空前的remark可知，此处为动词短语remark on/upon。故填on/upon。 考点11：call on sb to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 call on号召；拜访(某人) call at拜访(某地)，到……进行短暂访问 call for需要，要求 call in召来，请来 call off取消 call up给……打电话；使……回忆起 A great number of companies have been called on (adopt) more practical plans to address unemployment. 【答案】to adopt 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多公司被要求采取更实际的计划来解决失业问题。空处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to adopt。 考点12：find one’s way into 偶然来到，无意中处于 in the/one’s way妨碍……；挡某人的路 make one’s way to前往 in a way在某种程度上 on one’s/the way即将去(或来)；在路上，在行进中 under way在进行中 by way of经由；凭借 The study is one of several ongoing efforts to investigate the unexpected ingredients(成分) that (进入全球供水系统).(find one’s way into) 【答案】find their way into the global water supply 【详解】考查动词短语，时态和名词短语。句意：这项研究是正在进行的几项研究之一，旨在调查进入全球供水的意想不到的成分。分析可知，“find one’s way into...”意为“进入……”，为固定短语，动词在从句中作谓语动词，结合主句中的“is”可知，从句应用一般现在时；从句主语that指代先行词“ingredients”，谓语动词用原形，且与从句主语呼应“one’s”应用“their”。“全球供水系统”用“the global water supply”表达。故填find their way into the global water supply。 考点13：It was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin，who brought the Olympics back to life.一位名叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重获生机。(P16) 本句是一个强调句，强调了主语，句中的who可以替换成that。 强调句型的结构： ·基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋who/that＋其他。该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。当被强调部分是人，且在句中作主语时，可用who或that引导，其他情况下一律用that。 ·一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋who/that＋其他？ ·特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？ ·not...until的强调句型结构：It is/was not until...＋that＋其他。 It was not until the latter half of the 20 century calligraphy truly began to experience a revival. 【答案】that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到 20 世纪后半叶，书法才真正开始迎来复兴。此处为强调句：It is/was not until+被强调部分+ that +其它部分。故填that。 知识导图记忆 基础练 一.单句语法填空 (所给词的适当形式填空) 1. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ________(ultimate) lead to illness. 【答案】ultimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼最终会导致疾病。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式作状语，故填ultimately。 2. The gentleman who sent the old lady to the hospital ________(identify) by the police.  【答案】was identified 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：把老妇人送到医院的那位绅士被警方确认了身份。空处为主句的谓语动词。根据定语从句中的sent可知，本句话为一般过去时态，且主语The gentleman和该动词之间为被动关系，所以句子使用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语也用单数形式。故填was identified。 3. The number of deaths ________(arise) from road accidents has raised people’s concern. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：交通事故造成的死亡人数引起了人们的关注。deaths与arise from之间是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填arising。 4. We came up against a great deal of ________(resist) in dealing with the case. 【答案】resistance 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们在处理这个案子时遇到了许多阻力。设空处在句中作介词的宾语，应用名词的形式，设空处为不可数名词，无复数的形式。故填resistance。 5. The international Olympic Committee had announced that the number of competitors at the 2024 Paris Olympic Games would ________ (restrict) to 10,500, which limited the opportunity to add new sports. 【答案】be restricted 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：国际奥委会曾宣布，2024年巴黎奥运会的参赛人数将被限制在10500人以内，这限制了增加新项目的机会。分析句子结构可知，that引导的宾语从句缺少谓语动词，the 2024 Paris Olympic Games和restrict为被动关系，需用被动语态，空前有助动词would，空处需填动词原形与would构成过去将来时。故填be restricted。 6. Many people were ________(affect) by the virus and everyone hoped the disaster would come to an end. 【答案】affected 【详解】考查动词。句意：许多人受到病毒的影响，每个人都希望这场灾难会结束。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文were可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填affected。 7. Susan made________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：苏珊清楚地向我表明她希望为自己过一种新的生活。分析可知，that she wished to make a new life for herself. 是真正的宾语，因此要用it作形式宾语。故填it。 8. Mankind has been exploring various natural ________(phenomenon) to discover the secrets of nature. 【答案】phenomena 【详解】考查名词。句意：人类一直在探索各种自然现象以发现自然的奥秘。various后接可数名词复数形式作宾语，phenomenon含义为“现象”，其复数形式为phenomena。故填phenomena。 9. While the doctor concentrates on ________(examine) Lara’s ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick. 【答案】examining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当医生集中精力检查劳拉的脚踝时，我用一个魔术吸引了她的注意。提示词examine(检查)作介词宾语，用动名词形式examining。故填examining。 10. This tradition has existed for a long time ________(date) back to the 15th century. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个传统已经存在了很长时间，可以追溯到15世纪。该句谓语动词为has existed，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语This traditiona和date back to为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填dating。 11. Standing an egg upright is an old custom that ________(date) back to 4,000 years ago. 【答案】dates 【详解】考查时态。句意：竖立鸡蛋是一个可以追溯到4000年前的古老风俗。本句为包含定语从句的复合句，结合is可知从句表示的是一个客观情况，句子时态使用一般现在时，定语从句中关系词替代先行词 an old custom，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 12. The law ________(date) back to the 17th century is still in use today. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项可以追溯到17世纪的法律至今仍在使用。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作后置定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语the law之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填dating。 13. Listening to music can make people feel less ________(anxiety) or, lonely. 【答案】anxious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：听音乐可以使人感到不那么焦虑或孤独。feel为系动词，其后跟形容词作表语，anxiety“焦虑”为不可数名词，其形容词形式为anxious，故填anxious。 14. The audience is waiting with ________(anxious) to see which team will win at last. 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：观众焦急地等着看最后哪个队会赢。分析句子可知，空处作with的宾语，应用anxious的名词形式anxiety，意为“焦急，焦灼不安”，为不可数名词。故填anxiety。 15. Today, we have to use ________(switch) for our lights and knobs for our appliances. 【答案】switches 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：今天，我们的灯要用开关，电器要用旋钮。switch为可数名词，根据后文lights可知数量大于一应用复数形式。故填switches。 16. The children ________(examine) at the hospital yesterday. 【答案】were examined 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：孩子们昨天在医院检查身体。由时间状语yesterday可知，事情发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时。结合语意，因为主语children与谓语动词examine之间是被动关系，即孩子们接受体检，所以examine应用被动语态，且children是复数，所以应为were examined。故填were examined。 17. The old town ________(date) back to the late seventeenth century. 【答案】dates 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这座老城可追溯到17世纪晚期。空处应填谓语动词的形式，date back to意为“追溯到”，在句中作谓语动词时不用被动语态，而且经常使用一般现在时，句子主语为The old town,所以应填dates。故填dates。 18. ________(anxious) and stress are sometimes the causes of nightmares. 【答案】Anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：焦虑和压力有时是做噩梦的原因。根据句中并列连词and后名词stress可知，这里用名词anxiety作主语，抽象名词不可数。故填Anxiety。 19. I can understand your ________(anxious), but please try not to worry. 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：我能理解你的焦虑，但请尽量不要担心。your修饰名词，设空处应用名词，anxious的名词为anxiety，不可数名词，意为“焦虑，忧虑”，作宾语。故填anxiety。 20. At present, we have no ________(evident) of life on other planets. 【答案】evidence 【详解】考查名词。句意：目前，我们还没有其他行星上存在生命的证据。形容词no后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。根据句意，故填evidence。 21. If you are worried about your health, share your________(anxious) with your doctor. 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你担心你的健康，与你的医生分享你的焦虑。结合语意，如果你担心你的健康，应该与医生分享焦虑，所给单词anxious是形容词，表示“焦虑的”，空处应填对应的名词形式anxiety，表示“焦虑”，作动词share的宾语。故填anxiety。 二.完成句子 1. 这激发了我的动力 This ________________. 【答案】gets me motivated 【详解】考查动词短语。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译，需翻译部分是“激发了我的动力”，应用动词短语get sb. motivated“激励某人”，过去分词作宾补，句子描述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语是this，应用第三人称单数形式。故填gets me motivated。 2. 被欲望所驱动，他不遗余力地学习英语。 ________ ________ a desire, he spares no effort to learn English. 【答案】Motivated by 【详解】考查动词和过去分词。表示“被驱动”应用动词短语motivate by，空格处和谓语之间没有连词，动词motivate与其逻辑主语he构成被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词形式。句首首字母应大写。故填①Motivated②by。 3. The experienced actor performed the complex role ________________ on the stage. His performance touched the audience deeply, so that after the performance, the audience ________________. 这位经验丰富的演员在舞台上极其出色地演绎了那个复杂的角色，他的表演深深地打动了观众，以至于演出结束后，观众们长时间地热烈鼓掌。 【答案】extremely excellently; applauded warmly for a long time 【详解】考查副词和动词时态。表示“极其出色地”应用extremely excellently，作状语修饰动词performed，表示“鼓掌”应用applaud，结合“touched”可知，此处使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式；表示“热烈地”应用warmly；表示“长时间地”应用for a long time。故填①extremely excellently；②applauded warmly for a long time。 4. In France, a person ________________ may interpret it as meaning zero. 在法国，看到同一个手势的人可能会将其解读为“零”。 【答案】encountering an identical gesture 【详解】考查动词、冠词、形容词和名词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“看到同一个手势的”，“看”应用动词encounter，意为“遇到，偶尔碰到”，根据空后may interpret可知，encounter应用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语a person为主动关系，应用现在分词encountering，作定语；“手势”应用名词gesture，为可数名词，应用a gesture，作encountering的宾语；“同一个的”应用形容词identical，修饰gesture作定语，是以元音音素开头的单词，冠词为an。故填encountering an identical gesture。 5. With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, it’s a ________________ and its will to ascend. 在奥运会期间，每一代人都庆祝自己的诞生，庆祝生活的喜悦，庆祝对未来的信念、雄心和向上的意志。 【答案】ambition/mbition 【详解】考查名词。形容词性物主代词its 后接名词形式。根据句意，名词“雄心”英文为ambition。故填ambition。 6. 我们第一次见面时他对这些问题的沉默足以证明他的态度。 His silence on the issues at our first meeting ________ ________ ________ his attitude. 【答案】was enough to demonstrate 【详解】考查固定句型、时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空处意为“足以证明”，可用句型be+adj.+to do表达，enough意为“足够的”，demonstrate意为“证明”。根据“at our first meeting”可知，句子为一般过去时态，主语his silence为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数was。故填was enough to demonstrate。 7. 就连橄榄枝花环也已经被取代了！天哪！你们也为奖金而竞赛吗？ So even the olive wreath ________ ________ ________! Oh dear! Do you ________ ________ prize money too? 【答案】has been replaced; compete for 【详解】考查动词、时态和语态。“取代”为动词replace，根据汉语意思“已经被取代了”可知本空需要用现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，replace与主语the olive wreath构成动宾关系，运用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表单数，“已经被取代”译为“has been replaced”。第四个空和第五个空为短语“为……竞争”表达为“compete for sth.”，本句为一般疑问句，填动词原形。故答案为：has been replaced；compete for。 8. 正是他的努力和决心让他在体育运动中取得了巨大的成就。(强调句) ________________________ led to his great achievements in sports. 【答案】It was his effort and determination that 【详解】考查it强调句和一般过去时。根据提示可知，表示“正是”应用it强调句，即“it be+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”。表示“他的努力和决心”应用his effort and determination。根据“led to his great achievements in sports”可知，此处应用一般过去时。此处强调的是物，应用that。句首首字母应大写。故填It was his effort and determination that。 9. 得知你在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中排名第一，我写信表示衷心的祝贺。(rank) ________________________ in the English speech competition held last week, I am writing to express my sincere congratulations. 【答案】Learning that you ranked first 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“得知”应用动词learn，与I构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语；后跟that引导的宾语从句，主语为you；表示“排名第一”为rank first，根据后文 last week可知为一般过去时。故填Learning that you ranked first。 10. 任何有音乐天赋或热爱唱歌的人都可以参加这个比赛。(participate) Anyone who has the talent for music or loves singing ________________________. 【答案】can participate in the contest 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意可知，“可以”为can，情态动词后接动词原形形式，表示“参加”应用动词短语participate in，“这个比赛”为the contest。故填can participate in the contest。 11. 工人们抱怨他们的老板给他们出了难题。 The workers complained that their boss ________ ________ them ________ ________. 【答案】was throwing; a curveball 【详解】考查短语和时态。根据句意，句中用短语 throw sb. a curveball，表示“给某人出难题”。根据句意用过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的事情。故填was throwing; a curveball。 12. 我们怎么能用更多的方法处理这个问题? (一句多译) ①________________________ by using more methods? ②________________________ with more methods? ③________________________ in more ways? ④________________________ by more means? 【答案】①What can we do with the problem; ②How can we deal with/cope with the problem; ③How can we handle the problem; ④How can we solve/resolve/settle the problem 【详解】考查固定短语和特殊疑问句。本句是特殊疑问句，结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句；表示“怎么”，用特殊疑问词how；表示“能够”，用情态动词can，后接动词原形；表示“处理”，可用do with/deal with/cope with/handle/solve/resolve/settle，其中短语do with要与特殊疑问词what连用；表示“问题”，用名词question，此处表示特指，名词前加定冠词the；空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故空①What can we do with the problem； ②How can we deal with/cope with the problem；③How can we handle the problem；④How can we solve/resolve/settle the problem。 13. 她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就抱怨。 Her brother ________, thinking of the high tuition ________. 【答案】complained; fees 【详解】考查动词时态和名词。“抱怨”complain，句子描述过去的一般情况，使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式complained，“费用”fee，通常使用复数形式，tuition fees表示“学费”。故填①complained，②fees。 14. 史密斯老师的耐心被消磨光了，给他的父亲打电话愤怒地抱怨。 Mr. Smith, whose patience had worn thin, ________________________.(副词) 【答案】called his father to complain angrily 【详解】考查副词。根据句意，“打电话做某事”为call sb. to do sth.，“给他的父亲打电话”表达为call his father，“愤怒地抱怨”表达为complain angrily，根据句中“had”可知，该句时态为一般过去时。故填called his father to complain angrily。 15. In another letter, Father Christmas c________ about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up. 在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。 【答案】complained 【详解】考查动词。“抱怨”为动词complain，在句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填complained。 16. 在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。 Elsewhere, people ________ shaking hands, ________ ________ the ________, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 【答案】favour; bowing from; waist 【详解】考查动词、短语、时态和动名词。表示“更喜欢”应用动词favour，作谓语此处表示客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。表示“弯腰鞠躬”应用动词短语bow from the waist，且与空前的shaking hands与nodding the head为并列关系，作favour的宾语，所以此处应使用动名词形式。故填①favour②bowing③from④waist。 17. 总有人改变规则，工作当然难做了。 It sure makes it difficult to get the job done when someone keeps ________ ________ ________. 【答案】moving the goalposts 【详解】考查动词短语。分析句子可知，表示“改变规则”应用move the goalposts，为固定搭配，且keep后应加动名词作宾语。故填moving the goalposts。 18. 通过这种方式处理，你们的友谊很快就会得到修复。(分词作状语) ________________________________, your friendship will soon be repaired. 【答案】Approached in this way/Handled in this way/Dealt with in this way 【详解】 考查动词(短语)、介词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“通过这种方式处理”，“通过这种方式”可用介词短语in this way，“处理”可用动词approach或handle，或动词短语deal with，且空处作句子的方式状语，是非谓语动词，approach、handle或deal with和your friendship逻辑上是被动关系，动词应用过去分词的形式，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Approached/Handled/Dealt with in this way。 19. 我们几乎就要签合同了，可就在这时对方那些家伙又出了难题，说他们得加价。 We’d almost signed the contract when the other guys ________________________________ and said they wanted more money. 【答案】moved the goalposts/threw a curveball 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句中“出了难题”可用动词短语move the goalposts或者throw a curveball表示，动词move和throw是从句中谓语，结合句意和并列谓语动词said可知，用一般过去时态。故填moved the goalposts/threw a curveball。 20. I was only ________________ when I tried to guess Sally’s age.   当我想猜测一下萨利的年龄时，我只知道一个大概。 【答案】in the ballpark 【详解】考查介词短语。结合句意“大概”可知，此处是介词短语in the ballpark。故填in the ballpark。 提升练 一、阅读理解 (安徽省示范高中培优联盟2025年春季联赛)Shopping has long been a popular way to lift the spirits. Whether it is buying a new outfit or a garage, the act of purchasing something new often brings a sense of joy. This phenomenon, often called “retail therapy”, has become widely accepted despite its potential drawbacks. But why does retail therapy seem to work so well? First, shopping provides a short-term happiness boost. Research shows that acquiring new items may lead to a surge of excitement and satisfaction. This is especially true when people find something that lines up with their tastes. Additionally, shopping offers emotional distraction, giving individuals a temporary escape from stress or sadness. For many, the process of looking at and selecting items is comforting. Retail therapy also enhances self-expression and confidence. The items people choose often reflect their values and references, helping them feel more connected to their identities. Finding the “perfect” item or scoring a great deal can create a sense of achievement. Moreover, the act of shopping gives people a feeling of control during times of uncertainty, as they can make choices freely in a controlled environment. However, retail therapy isn’t only about the purchases. The social aspect of shopping plays a key role too. Going shopping with friends or family fosters bonding and creates shared experiences. These positive interactions contribute to overall happiness and wellbeing. While retail therapy can provide temporary relief, it’s important to practice moderation. Excessive shopping may lead to financial stress and regrets. Nevertheless, while done mindfully, it can be a valuable tool for improving mood and coping with emotional challenges. 1. What might be the reason for people to engage in retail therapy? A. Passing their leisure time. B. Experiencing brief happiness. C. Showing off their belongings. D. Seeking control over material basis. 2. How does shopping help enhance self-esteem? A. By fostering competition among friends. B. By enabling people to make free choices. C. By encouraging responsible financial habits. D. By reflecting personal values through purchases. 3. What is a potential downside of retail therapy? A. It can result in social isolation. B. It may lead to financial problems. C. It prompts poor time management. D. It lessens emotional bonds with others. 4. What is the author’s attitude toward retail therapy? A. Cautiously optimistic. B. Slightly critical. C. Completely supportive. D. Entirely dismissive. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了 “购物疗法” 这一现象，阐述了人们进行购物疗法的原因，包括带来短期快乐、分散注意力、增强自我表达和自信以及具有社交作用等，同时也指出其可能带来的弊端，即过度购物会导致经济压力和后悔，强调要适度进行。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“First, shopping provides a short - term happiness boost. Research shows that acquiring new items may lead to a surge of excitement and satisfaction.(首先，购物能带来短期的快乐提升。研究表明，购买新物品可能会带来兴奋感和满足感的激增)” 可知,人们进行购物疗法的一个原因是体验短暂的快乐。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The items people choose often reflect their values and references, helping them feel more connected to their identities.(人们选择的物品往往反映了他们的价值观和喜好，帮助他们感觉与自己的身份更紧密相连)” 可知，购物通过购买物品反映个人价值观来增强自尊心。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Excessive shopping may lead to financial stress and regrets.(过度购物可能导致经济压力和后悔)” 可知，购物疗法一个潜在的缺点是可能导致经济问题。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据第五段“While retail therapy can provide temporary relief, it’s important to practice moderation. Nevertheless, while done mindfully, it can be a valuable tool for improving mood and coping with emotional challenges.(虽然购物疗法能提供暂时的缓解，但适度很重要。然而，如果谨慎进行，它可以成为改善情绪和应对情感挑战的有价值工具)” 可推知,作者对购物疗法的态度是谨慎乐观的。故选A。 二、完形填空 (福建省福州市联盟校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题)On November 29, a terrible snowstorm hit New York State Route 5. Many drivers and passengers were very ___1___ because they were ___2___ on the road. Among them, a 64-year-old woman’s situation was extremely ___3___. She was on her way to Cleveland Clinic in Ohio for a heart transplant surgery(移植手术). At that time, she was using a battery-powered device to keep her heart ___4___ When the bad weather stopped her ___5___, her husband asked a nurse at the clinic for help. The nurse then ___6___ called the New York State Police. The state police carried out a (n) ___7___ rescue. It was a difficult process with many ___8___, including a plane ride. First, the police took the woman to the Portland Fire Department and then to Westfield Memorial Hospital. After that, they transported her to the Jamestown Airport where the ___9___ was better. Finally, she was flown to Cleveland Clinic by plane. The police also posted a short message online. They ___10___ some photos of cars and trucks stuck in the snow. They ___11___ people to stay off the roads for safety while the workers were ___12___ the roads. It’s really ___13___ that the patient’s daughter left a comment to thank the police. She said words could never show how ___14___ her family was. She was really thankful that the police ___15___ her mom and helped her get a chance for a new heart. 1. A. calm B. afraid C. ashamed D. relieved 2. A. asleep B. injured C. alone D. trapped 3. A. normal B. urgent C. simple D. funny 4. A. working B. resting C. failing D. shaking 5. A. adventure B. routine C. journey D. project 6. A. slowly B. quietly C. carefully D. immediately 7. A. amazing B. alarming C. disappointing D. confusing 8. A. targets B. steps C. materials D. decorations 9. A. food B. air C. weather D. accommodation 10. A. set aside B. took down C. looked up D. put up 11. A. reminded B. forced C. encouraged D. ordered 12. A. building B. repairing C. painting D. cleaning 13. A. heart-warming B. ear-pleasing C. time-consuming D. mind-blowing 14. A. angry B. sorry C. grateful D. regretful 15. A. cured B. saved C. abandoned D. ignored 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了暴风雪中警方营救一位等待心脏移植病人的故事。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多司机和乘客都非常害怕，因为他们被困在路上。A. calm冷静的；B. afraid害怕的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. relieved宽慰的。根据前文“a terrible snowstorm hit New York State Route 5”可知，暴风雪袭击了公路，司机和乘客被困在路上，因此他们感到害怕。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多司机和乘客都非常害怕，因为他们被困在路上。A. asleep睡着的；B. injured受伤的；C. alone独自的；D. trapped被困的。根据前文“a terrible snowstorm hit New York State Route 5”可知，暴风雪导致司机和乘客被困在路上。故选D。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中，一名64岁妇女的情况极为紧急。A. normal正常的；B. urgent紧急的；C. simple简单的；D. funny有趣的。根据后文“She was on her way to Cleveland Clinic in Ohio for a heart transplant surgery”可知，这名妇女急需进行心脏移植手术，因此这是情况紧急。故选B。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，她正在使用一个电池供电的设备来维持心脏的工作。A. working工作；B. resting休息；C. failing失败；D. shaking摇晃。根据前文“a battery-powered device”可知，这个设备是用来维持心脏工作的。故选A。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当恶劣的天气阻止了她的旅程时，她的丈夫向诊所的护士求助。A. adventure冒险；B. routine常规；C. journey旅程，行程；D. project项目。根据前文“She was on her way to Cleveland Clinic in Ohio for a heart transplant surgery”可知，这名妇女正在前往诊所的途中，因此恶劣的天气阻止了她的行程。故选C。 6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：护士立即打电话给纽约州警方。A. slowly缓慢地；B. quietly安静地；C. carefully仔细地；D. immediately立即地。根据后文“The state police carried out a (n) ___7___ rescue.”可知，警方立即展开了救援行动，因此护士应该是立即打电话给警方。故选D。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：州警方进行了一次惊人的救援。A. amazing惊人的；B. alarming令人担忧的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“First, the police took the woman to the Portland Fire Department and then to Westfield Memorial Hospital. After that, they transported her to the Jamestown Airport where the ___9___ was better. Finally, she was flown to Cleveland Clinic by plane.”可知，救援过程的艰难和复杂，所以说这次救援是惊人的。故选A。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：这是一个艰难的过程，有许多步骤，包括乘坐飞机。 A. targets目标；B. steps步骤；C. materials材料；D. decorations装饰。 根据后文“First, the police took the woman to the Portland Fire Department and then to Westfield Memorial Hospital. After that, they transported her to the Jamestown Airport where the ___9___ was better. Finally, she was flown to Cleveland Clinic by plane.”可知，救援的具体行动包含多个步骤，是一个艰难的过程。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后，他们将她运送到詹姆斯敦机场，那里天气更好。A. food食物；B. air空气；C. weather天气；D. accommodation住宿。根据前文“a terrible snowstorm hit New York State Route 5”可知，暴风雪天气恶劣，因此选择天气更好的机场进行转运。故选C。 10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们张贴了一些被困在雪中的汽车和卡车的照片。A. set aside留出；B. took down记下；C. looked up查阅；D. put up张贴。 根据前文“The police also posted a short message online.”可知，警方在网上发布了消息，并张贴了相关照片。故选D。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提醒人们在工人修路时为了安全不要上路。A. reminded提醒；B. forced强迫；C. encouraged鼓励；D. ordered命令。根据后文“to stay off the roads for safety”可知，警方提醒人们为了安全不要上路。故选A。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提醒人们在工人修路时为了安全不要上路。A. building建造；B. repairing修理；C. painting绘画；D. cleaning清洁。 根据前文“a terrible snowstorm hit New York State Route 5”可知，暴风雪导致道路受损，因此工人需要修路。故选B。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：病人的女儿留下评论感谢警方，这真的很暖心。A. heart-warming暖心的；B. ear-pleasing悦耳的；C. time-consuming耗时的；D. mind-blowing令人印象深刻的。根据后文“the patient’s daughter left a comment to thank the police”可知，病人的女儿感谢警方，这是暖心的行为。故选A。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说言语无法表达她家人的感激之情。A. angry生气的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. grateful感激的；D. regretful后悔的。 根据前文“the patient’s daughter left a comment to thank the police”可知，病人的女儿对警方表示感激。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她真的很感激警方救了她妈妈，并帮助她获得了新心脏的机会。A. cured治愈；B. saved拯救；C. abandoned抛弃；D. ignored忽视。根据前文警方的营救行动可知，是警方救了这名妇女。故选B。 三、阅读理解七选五 (山东名校考试联盟2024—2025学年高二年级下学期期中检测)I used to always boast my busyness as some big achievements. Deadlines at school, social commitments, my own personal projects — they all equaled to being “productive.” Yet, a burnout weekend with achieving nothing, came the wake-up call: I wasn’t living any more, only surviving. ___1___ Its essence lies in presence, intention, and appreciation for the small things. And I believe we could all use a little more of it in our fast-paced world. Slow living is not doing less out of laziness. ___2___ It’s taking back our time and attention from the non-stop hurry of contemporary life, emphasizing quality over quantity gives life depth. Consider food: instead of rushing through them, we savor each bite, appreciating the effort behind food. ___3___ This isn’t wrong since not everybody can cut working hours or work extra holiday hours. But slow living isn’t about grand gestures; it’s about small, intentional choices. Put your phone away during dinner. Dedicate 10 minutes daily to journaling instead of scrolling social media. These habits fit even the busiest schedules. I’ve done it myself. I decreased my activities significantly this year, and I learned to say no to commitments that were not on my top list. I prepared more meals at home, enjoying the process as much as the product. And I devoted more time to staying outside. ___4___ Slow living offers advantages to human beings and natural environment alike. The highspeed life we are living today is often unsustainable. ___5___ If we adopt slow living, then we can change the world and create a better and cleaner world. In a word, slow living is revolutionary. It reminds us life isn’t about checking boxes but experiencing moments. As I’ve learned, true productivity lies not in busyness, but in living intentionally. A. It is doing what matters most. B. This sparked my embrace of slow living. C. The key to it is centering on essential tasks. D. Slow living is often misunderstood as inefficiency. E. These shifts reduced anxiety and enhanced energy. F. However some critics consider slow living a luxury. G. The world needs 1.75 Earths to meet our consumption. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. F 4. E 5. G 【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经以忙碌为荣，但经历了一个疲惫不堪且一事无成的周末后，开始反思并转向慢生活，强调生活的本质在于存在、专注和对小事的欣赏，而非仅仅追求效率。 1. 根据上文“Yet, a burnout weekend with achieving nothing, came the wake-up call: I wasn’t living any more, only surviving.(然而，在一个疲惫不堪且一事无成的周末之后，我得到了一个警醒：我不再是真正地生活，而只是在生存)”和下文“Its essence lies in presence, intention, and appreciation for the small things.(它的本质在于存在、专注和对小事的欣赏)”可知，空处描述作者在意识到自己只是在生存而非生活之后，开始转向慢生活，选项B“This sparked my embrace of slow living.(这激发了我对慢生活的拥抱)”符合语境。故选B。 2. 根据上文“Slow living is not doing less out of laziness.(慢生活并不是因为懒惰而少做事)”可知，空处描述的是慢生活的真正含义，选项A“It is doing what matters most.(它是做最重要的事)”符合语境。故选A。 3. 根据下文“This isn’t wrong since not everybody can cut working hours or work extra holiday hours.(这并没有错，因为不是每个人都能减少工作时间或增加假期工作时间)”可推测出，空处描述的是人们对慢生活的误解，选项F“However, some critics consider slow living a luxury.(然而，一些批评者认为慢生活是一种奢侈)”符合语境。故选F。 4. 根据上文“And I devoted more time to staying outside.(我投入了更多的时间待在外面)“可知，上文主要描述了作者在践行慢生活后所做的一些改变，空处应该描述这些改变所带来的影响，选项E“These shifts reduced anxiety and enhanced energy.(这些改变减轻了焦虑，提高了活力)”符合语境。故选E。 5. 根据上文“The high-speed life we are living today is often unsustainable.(我们今天所过的高速生活往往是不可持续的)”和下文“If we adopt slow living, then we can change the world and create a better and cleaner world.(如果我们采用慢生活，那么我们就可以改变世界，创造一个更好、更清洁的世界)”可知，空处描述的是高速生活对环境造成的压力，选项G“The world needs 1.75 Earths to meet our consumption.(世界需要1.75个地球来满足我们的消费)”符合语境。故选G。 四、语法填空 The Spring Festival has been successfully included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, marking global ___1___(recognize) of China’s commitment to protecting intangible cultural heritage (ICH). China now boasts nearly 870,000 ICH items, among ___2___ 44 items have been added to the UNESCO ICH List, ___3___(rank) first in the world. ___4___ 24 Solar Terms, Peking Opera, Chinese Calligraphy are just some examples reflecting China’s rich cultural diversity and its efforts ___5___(preserve) and promote its ICH. During the Spring Festival, people engage ___6___ activities such as putting up New Year paintings, performing dragon and lion dances, and enjoying performances and other folk ___7___(tradition). These elements collectively form the rich ICH ___8___(associate) with the Spring Festival. As the Spring Festival ___9___(celebrate) globally, these related ICHI forms will also reach other parts of the world. More ___10___(important), the deeper cultural values and meanings behind them will also become known to people of different cultural backgrounds. 【答案】 1. recognition 2. which 3. ranking 4. The 5. to preserve 6. in 7. traditions 8. associated 9. is celebrated 10. importantly 【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。春节成功被列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》，标志着全球对中国保护非物质文化遗产的认可。 1. 考查名词。句意：春节成功被列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》，标志着全球对中国保护非物质文化遗产的认可。空处作宾语，前面有形容词修饰，应填名词recognition“认可”，是不可数名词，故填recognition。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：中国现有非物质遗产项目近87万项，其中列入联合国教科文组织非物质遗产名录44项，居世界首位。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是870,000 ICH items，指物，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。rank的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填ranking。 4. 考查冠词。句意：二十四节气、京剧、中国书法只是一些例子，反映了中国丰富的文化多样性以及中国为保护和促进其非物质文化遗产所做的努力。此处是专有名词，the 24 Solar Terms“二十四节气”，应用定冠词修饰，首字母应大写，故填The。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。efforts后常接动词不定式作定语，故填to preserve。 6. 考查介词。句意：在春节期间，人们从事的活动，如张贴年画，表演舞龙舞狮，欣赏表演和其他民间传统。固定短语engage in“参加，从事”，故填in。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：同上。tradition是可数名词，other后接名词复数形式，故填traditions。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些元素共同构成了与春节相关的丰富的非物质文化遗产。associate和ICH之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作定语，故填associated。 9. 考查动词语态。句意：随着春节在全球范围内的庆祝，这些相关的ICHI形式也将传播到世界其他地方。主语the Spring Festival和celebrate之间是被动关系，主句是一般将来时，as引导的时间状语从句，应用一般现在时，故此处使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词使用is，故填is celebrated。 10. 考查副词。句意：更重要的是，它们背后更深层次的文化价值和意义也会被不同文化背景的人所了解。空处作状语修饰句子，应用副词形式，more importantly“更重要的是”，故填importantly。 五、读后续写 Mia and Ben became friends when they were in the school band of Westwood High. Mia was crazy about classical music while Ben regarded hip-hop as his favourite. In spite of their different tastes, their mutual adoration for music gradually built a strong bond that brought them together. After school, they usually practiced music in Ben’s garage, where Mia played music on her cello(大提琴) and Ben beat out rhythms on his laptop. One day, their school made an announcement about a music competition. The winner would have an opportunity to perform at the city’s renowned music festival. Hearing the news, Mia and Ben were over the moon. Without hesitation, they decided to form a team. However, when it’s time to choose a performance style, a fierce conflict of ideas erupted. Mia firmly believed a Mozart piece would be the perfect choice to display their combined talents. “The melody and emotion of classical music will surely amaze the judges and the audience,” she exclaimed. However, Ben was convinced hip-hop would be far more fascinating. “Hip-hop is what the young loves. It’s full of life and can really get the crowd going,” he argued. Quickly the argument was out of control. Mia was boiled with anger as Ben seemed to brush aside everything she held dear. “How can he be so dismissive?” She murmured to herself, full of frustration. Ben started to have second thoughts under Mia’ s sharp criticism, but his deep-rooted love for hip-hop refused to give way. “I don’t want to lose our friendship, but why can’t she understand my passion?” he thought. In the days that followed, neither of them was ready to back down. Their close friendship was on the edge of breaking apart. One evening, when Mia came to the garage, coincidentally, Ben was also there. They still didn’t talk to each other. The atmosphere became so tense that it was almost suffocating (窒息的). 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Mia turned away, Ben broke the silence. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the day of the competition arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When Mia turned away, Ben broke the silence. “Wait!” his voice cracked, “What if we mix them?” Mia paused, her hand frozen on the garage door handle. Ben hurriedly tapped his laptop keyboard, blending Mozart’s delicate melody with lively electronic beats. The garage erupted with a sound like moonlight dancing through city streets. Mia turned around, eyes widening. Without a word, she picked up her cello and began improvising. Their eyes met across the garage, instruments singing a language beyond styles. In the following days, they composed together and crafted a symphony where classical precision met hip-hop’s raw energy. Finally, the day of the competition arrived. The auditorium buzzed with whispers when it was their turn. On the stage, Ben’s fingers flew across his laptop keyboard while Mia’s bow danced, transforming Mozart’s melodies into something entirely new. The audience clapped along, and even the judges tapped their feet. As the last note faded, cheers filled the hall. When announced as winners, they hugged together, tears in their eyes. Holding the trophy, Ben said, “Classical music and hip-hop work perfectly!” Mia nodded, “So do we.” True connection lies not in identical interests, but in mutual respect for each other’s passions. 【语篇解读】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mia和Ben在Westwood高中校乐队时成为朋友，尽管他们音乐品味不同，但对音乐的热爱让他们关系紧密。学校宣布音乐比赛，获胜者可在城市著名音乐节表演，他们决定组队参赛。然而在选择表演风格时，Mia坚持选择莫扎特的古典音乐作品，认为能展示他们的才华，而Ben坚信嘻哈音乐更迷人。两人由此产生激烈冲突，争论失控，友谊面临破裂。后来他们谁也不愿让步，有次在车库相遇也不交流，气氛紧张。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“Mia转身要走时，Ben打破了沉默。”可知，第一段可描写Ben提议将二者结合在一起，并和Mia一起创作精心编排了一首交响曲。 ②由第二段首句内容“终于，比赛的日子到了。”可知，第二段可描写Ben和Mia比赛时的表演获得了观众和评委的认可以及经过这件事的感悟。 2.续写线索：提议将二者结合——一起创作——进行编排交响曲——比赛经过——获得认可——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓掌：clap/applaud ②宣布：announce/declare ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①匆忙地：hurriedly/in a hurry ②欢呼声：cheers/shouts of joy 【点睛】 [高分句型1]In the following days, they composed together and crafted a symphony where classical precision met hip-hop’s raw energy.(运用了where引导定语从句) [高分句型2]When announced as winners, they hugged together, tears in their eyes.(运用了when引导时间状语从句) 4 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 Unit 2 Sports culture(选择必修二) (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：7大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 重点单词 1. joint adj. 联合的，共同的 n. 关节；接合处 2. boundary n. 边界，分界线 3. afterwards (also afterward) adv. 以后，后来 4. proceed vi. 接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 5. flame n. 火焰，火舌 6. consistent adj. 一致的，始终如一的；连续的 7. rank vi. & vt. 属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n. 地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 8. trend n. 趋势，趋向 9. identical adj. 完全同样的 10. fellow adj. 同类的，同情况的，同伴的 n. 同辈，同类；男人，家伙 11. relay n. 接力赛 vt. 转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 12. chest n. 胸部；大箱子 13. cheek n. 面颊，脸颊 14. amateur n. 业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj. 业余的 15. gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地 16. session n. 一段时间，一场；会议，开庭；学年 17. chairman n. (委员会的)委员长，主席；(会议的)主席，主持人 18. pour vt. & vi. 倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 19. celebrity n. 名人；名望 20. grace n. 高雅，文雅；优美；风度，体面 21. dignity n. 尊严；自尊；高贵 22. idiom n. 习语，成语 23. league n. 联赛；等级，级别 24. insurance n. 保险业；保险；保险费 25. salesman n. 售货员，推销员 26. handle vt.处理，应付；控制，操纵 n. 把手，拉手；柄 27. fist n. 拳，拳头 28. waist n. 腰，腰部；(衣服的)腰部 29. remark n. 谈论，言论 vi. & vt. 说起，评论 重点单词拓展 1. participate vi. 参与，参加→participation n. 参加，参与→participant n. 参与者 2. compete vi. 参加比赛；竞争→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n. 竞争者 3. diverse adj. 多种多样的，不同的→diversity n. 多样性；多种多样 4. motivate vt. 激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→motivation n. 动力；诱因；干劲 5. demonstrate vt. 表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi. 游行示威→demonstration n. 表现，表达；证实，证明；示范，演示；游行示威 6. applaud vt. & vi. 称赞，赞许；鼓掌→applause n. 鼓掌 7. election n. 选举，推选；当选→elect vt. 选举；推选 8. faith n. 信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰→faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv. 忠实地 9. ambition n. 追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志→ambitious adj. 有志气的，有野心的 10. limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt. 限制，限定；限量，减量→limited adj. 有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limitation n. 范围；限制 11. opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者→opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的→opposed adj. 强烈反对的；截然不同的 12. unselfish adj. 无私的，忘我的→selfish adj.自私的→selfishness n. 自私自利→selfless adj. 无私的→selflessness n. 无私，忘我 13. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉→complaint n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉 14. cruel adj. 刻毒伤人的，残酷的→cruelty n. 残忍；残酷→cruelly adv. 残酷地；残忍地 重点短语 1. track and field 田径运动 2. call on sb to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 3. walk on air 欢天喜地，得意扬扬 4. keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 5. find one’s way into 偶然来到，无意中处于 6. move the goalposts 改变条件(或规则) 7. score an own goal 进乌龙球；无意中做让自己吃亏的事 8. in the ballpark 差不多 9. a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计 10. throw sb a curveball 给某人出难题 11. three strikes and you are out 三振出局 12. below the belt 不公正的，伤人的 13. throw in the towel 认输，承认失败 重点句型 1． 强调句型 It was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin，who brought the Olympics back to life. 是一位名叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重获生机。 2． that引导表语从句 His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace. 他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在一起。 3． whether...or...引导让步状语从句 Whether you come first or last，it is important to remember that at any sporting event，you face two opponents：your fellow competitors and yourself. 无论你是第一名还是最后一名，重要的是要记住，在任何体育赛事中，你都面临着两个对手：与你同场竞技的人和你自己。 4． wish后接虚拟语气 Thankfully，goalposts do not really move—but when a player scores an own goal，he or she might wish they did. 谢天谢地，门柱并不会真的移动——但当球员踢进乌龙球时，他或她说不定会希望球门真能移动。 5． too...to... When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight. 当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太累或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。 单元语法 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态 一、过去进行时的被动语态 1. 过去进行时的被动语态的构成 (1)基本结构：was/were being＋动词的过去分词 (2)肯定句：主语＋was/were being＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (3)否定句：主语＋was/were not being＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (4)一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋being＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ (5)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组＋was/were＋(主语＋) being＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ Another bridge was being constructed over the Yellow River then. Another bridge was not being constructed over the Yellow River then. Was another bridge being constructed over the Yellow River then? What was being done to the machine then? 2. 过去进行时的被动语态的常见用法 过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。常用的时间状语有then，this time last year，at that time等。 He was being interviewed by our director yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午他正在接受我们经理的面试。 二、过去完成时的被动语态 1. 过去完成时的被动语态的构成 (1)基本结构：had been＋动词的过去分词 (2)肯定句：主语＋had been＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (3)否定句：主语＋hadn’t been＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 (4)一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋been＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ (5)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组＋had＋(主语＋) been＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ All the tickets had been sold out by the time they got there. All the tickets had not been sold out by the time they got there. Had all the tickets been sold out by the time they got there？ What preventative measures had been taken before the earthquake took place？ 2. 过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法 过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。 (1)用在told，said，knew，thought 等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完。 (2)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动作，常与by the time，before等引导的时间状语从句连用。 (3)表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与for，since引导的时间状语连用。 (4)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。 3. 过去完成时的被动语态在固定句型中的运用 过去完成时的被动语态所适用的句型与过去完成时所适用的句型基本一致。 (1)在 It was the first/second/...time that...句型中，从句的主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 (2)用在Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely...when...和No sooner...than...句型中，表示“一……就……”。 (3)在“It was＋一段时间＋since...”句型中，从句的主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 疑难辨析 1. 过去进行时的被动语态与过去完成时的被动语态的区别 过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，如要表达这种情况，需要用过去完成时的被动语态。 People were concerned about the case that was being investigated twice by the police. (　×　) People were concerned about the case that had been investigated twice by the police. (　√　) The man risked his life rescuing the child who was being trapped in the mountain for two days. (　×　) The man risked his life rescuing the child who had been trapped in the mountain for two days. (　√　) 2. 过去进行时的被动语态和一般过去时的被动语态的区别 过去进行时的被动语态强调的是过去的某个特定时间正在进行的被动动作；而一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动的动作已经发生了。 3. 过去完成时的被动语态与现在完成时的被动语态的区别 过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。而现在完成时的被动语态则表示说话的时候已经完成的动作或者出现的结果，主语是行为动作的承受者。 单句语法填空 1. To get ________(motivate) to start doing something, from my own experience, the most effective trick for me is to just do it. 2. Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year, ________(rank) second in China. 3. To prevent himself from being addicted, he limited himself ________ three cups of coffee a day. 4. All of us oppose________(carry) out the policy right now. 5. We hope the building project will be completed as soon as possible because lots of citizens are complaining ________ the noise. 6. The salesgirl is very good at ________(handle) difficult customers,which pleases the manager very much. 7. The man was charged with his ________(cruel) to animals for abandoning his pet dog on the street. 8. The scientist ________ that he had found a ________ way to solve the problem, but others made no ________ about it.(remark) 9. It was the spirit of legendary soccer players ________ inspired Fan Zhendong to give his all on the court. 10. He felt so cold that he kept trembling as if he ________(be) unable to endure it any more. 完成句子 11. I prefer taking extreme sports to competing in regular sports.(同义句改写) I prefer ________ ________ extreme sports rather than ________ in regular sports. 12. I’m sorry I didn’t answer your phone call, because my teacher was delivering a lecture.(句型转换) →I’m sorry I didn’t answer your phone call, because a lecture ________________________________. 13. She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. →We ________________________________ and we were able to find it easily.(句型转换) / 考点1：participate vi. 参加，参与(participation n. 参加；参与 participant n. 参与者；参加者) participate in参加；参与 participate with sb in sth 与某人一起参加/分担某事 Recently, an online survey on traffic conditions around our campus (conduct), whose (participate) are our school’s students. 考点2：compete vi. 参加比赛；竞争(competition n. 比赛 competitive adj. 有竞争力的 competitor n. 竞争者；对手) ·compete in参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for为……而竞争 compete with/against...for...为争取……而与……对抗/竞争 ·in competition with 与……进行竞争 It is very important to work together as a team, especially in such a (compete) society. 考点3：proceed vi. 接着做，继而做；继续从事(进行)；行进，前往 继续/接着做某事 proceed to someplace前往某个地方 I’m sorry I stopped you. Please proceed your work. 考点4：consistent adj. 一致的，始终如一的；连续的(consist v. 包括，在于；由……组成) ·be consistent with和……一致/相符 be consistent in sth/doing sth 在……上始终如一/一致 ·consist of包含；包括 consist in存在于 consist with与……一致 1. Indeed, it has been (consistence) ranked by the United Nations as one of the best countries to live in, and visitors are always welcome! 2. Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent the reality. 考点5：faith n. 信任；信心；信念；宗教信仰(faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的 faithfully adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地) ·have/lose faith in对……有/失去信心 keep/break faith with信守/违背对……的承诺 ·be faithful to忠实于；忠诚于 In spite of the (limit) resources, they still made great progress in the research. 考点6：ambition n. 追求的目标，夙愿；雄心，野心，壮志(ambitious adj. 有雄心的，有野心的) achieve/realize one’s ambition实现某人的夙愿/抱负；如愿以偿 an ambition to do sth /of doing sth 做某事的理想/抱负 His mother was hard-working and (ambition) for her four children. 考点7：limit n. 限度，限制；限额，限量；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量(limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj.无限的 limitation n. 局限性) ·beyond the limit超过限度 set a limit on对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to对……是有限的/无限的 ·limit...to...把……限制在……内 be limited to受限制于…… In spite of the (limit) resources, they still made great progress in the research. 考点8：opposing adj. 对抗的；相反的(oppose vt. & vi. 反对；对抗 opposed adj. 强烈反对的；截然不同的 opponent n. 对手，竞争者；反对者) ·be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 ·oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事 In the debate, the two speakers presented (oppose) arguments, which made for a lively discussion. 考点9：complain vi. & vt. 抱怨，投诉(complaint n. 不满；抱怨；埋怨；投诉) ·complain (to sb) about/of sth(向某人)抱怨某事；(向某人)投诉某事 complain of/about抱怨 ·make a complaint against/about 对……抱怨/提出投诉 The customer filed a (complain) about the poor service at the restaurant. 考点10：remark n. 谈论，言论 vi. & vt.说起，评论(remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的) ·make a remark/remarks on/upon对……发表评论/看法 ·remark on/upon谈论/评论 remark that...评论……；谈到…… ·be remarkable for＝be known/famous for因……而著名 It’s rude to remark the appearance of others. 考点11：call on sb to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 call on号召；拜访(某人) call at拜访(某地)，到……进行短暂访问 call for需要，要求 call in召来，请来 call off取消 call up给……打电话；使……回忆起 A great number of companies have been called on (adopt) more practical plans to address unemployment. 考点12：find one’s way into 偶然来到，无意中处于 in the/one’s way妨碍……；挡某人的路 make one’s way to前往 in a way在某种程度上 on one’s/the way即将去(或来)；在路上，在行进中 under way在进行中 by way of经由；凭借 The study is one of several ongoing efforts to investigate the unexpected ingredients(成分) that (进入全球供水系统).(find one’s way into) 考点13：It was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin，who brought the Olympics back to life.一位名叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重获生机。(P16) 本句是一个强调句，强调了主语，句中的who可以替换成that。 强调句型的结构： ·基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋who/that＋其他。该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。当被强调部分是人，且在句中作主语时，可用who或that引导，其他情况下一律用that。 ·一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋who/that＋其他？ ·特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？ ·not...until的强调句型结构：It is/was not until...＋that＋其他。 It was not until the latter half of the 20 century calligraphy truly began to experience a revival. 知识导图记忆 基础练 一.单句语法填空 (所给词的适当形式填空) 1. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ________(ultimate) lead to illness. 2. The gentleman who sent the old lady to the hospital ________(identify) by the police.  3. The number of deaths ________(arise) from road accidents has raised people’s concern. 4. We came up against a great deal of ________(resist) in dealing with the case. 5. The international Olympic Committee had announced that the number of competitors at the 2024 Paris Olympic Games would ________ (restrict) to 10,500, which limited the opportunity to add new sports. 6. Many people were ________(affect) by the virus and everyone hoped the disaster would come to an end. 7. Susan made________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. 8. Mankind has been exploring various natural ________(phenomenon) to discover the secrets of nature. 9. While the doctor concentrates on ________(examine) Lara’s ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick. 10. This tradition has existed for a long time ________(date) back to the 15th century. 11. Standing an egg upright is an old custom that ________(date) back to 4,000 years ago. 12. The law ________(date) back to the 17th century is still in use today. 13. Listening to music can make people feel less ________(anxiety) or, lonely. 14. The audience is waiting with ________(anxious) to see which team will win at last. 15. Today, we have to use ________(switch) for our lights and knobs for our appliances. 16. The children ________(examine) at the hospital yesterday. 17. The old town ________(date) back to the late seventeenth century. 18. ________(anxious) and stress are sometimes the causes of nightmares. 19. I can understand your ________(anxious), but please try not to worry. 20. At present, we have no ________(evident) of life on other planets. 21. If you are worried about your health, share your________(anxious) with your doctor. 二.完成句子 1. 这激发了我的动力 This ________________. 2. 被欲望所驱动，他不遗余力地学习英语。 ________ ________ a desire, he spares no effort to learn English. 3. The experienced actor performed the complex role ________________ on the stage. His performance touched the audience deeply, so that after the performance, the audience ________________. 这位经验丰富的演员在舞台上极其出色地演绎了那个复杂的角色，他的表演深深地打动了观众，以至于演出结束后，观众们长时间地热烈鼓掌。 4. In France, a person ________________ may interpret it as meaning zero. 在法国，看到同一个手势的人可能会将其解读为“零”。 5. With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, it’s a ________________ and its will to ascend. 在奥运会期间，每一代人都庆祝自己的诞生，庆祝生活的喜悦，庆祝对未来的信念、雄心和向上的意志。 6. 我们第一次见面时他对这些问题的沉默足以证明他的态度。 His silence on the issues at our first meeting ________ ________ ________ his attitude. 7. 就连橄榄枝花环也已经被取代了！天哪！你们也为奖金而竞赛吗？ So even the olive wreath ________ ________ ________! Oh dear! Do you ________ ________ prize money too? 8. 正是他的努力和决心让他在体育运动中取得了巨大的成就。(强调句) ________________________ led to his great achievements in sports. 9. 得知你在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中排名第一，我写信表示衷心的祝贺。(rank) ________________________ in the English speech competition held last week, I am writing to express my sincere congratulations. 10. 任何有音乐天赋或热爱唱歌的人都可以参加这个比赛。(participate) Anyone who has the talent for music or loves singing ________________________. 11. 工人们抱怨他们的老板给他们出了难题。 The workers complained that their boss ________ ________ them ________ ________. 12. 我们怎么能用更多的方法处理这个问题? (一句多译) ①________________________ by using more methods? ②________________________ with more methods? ③________________________ in more ways? ④________________________ by more means? 13. 她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就抱怨。 Her brother ________, thinking of the high tuition ________. 14. 史密斯老师的耐心被消磨光了，给他的父亲打电话愤怒地抱怨。 Mr. Smith, whose patience had worn thin, ________________________.(副词) 15. In another letter, Father Christmas c________ about how he could not stop his helpers playing games with the toys instead of wrapping them up. 在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他那些助手们非但没有把玩具包装起来，反而拿着玩具玩起了游戏，他怎么也没法让他们停下来。 16. 在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。 Elsewhere, people ________ shaking hands, ________ ________ the ________, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 17. 总有人改变规则，工作当然难做了。 It sure makes it difficult to get the job done when someone keeps ________ ________ ________. 18. 通过这种方式处理，你们的友谊很快就会得到修复。(分词作状语) ________________________________, your friendship will soon be repaired. 19. 我们几乎就要签合同了，可就在这时对方那些家伙又出了难题，说他们得加价。 We’d almost signed the contract when the other guys ________________________________ and said they wanted more money. 20. I was only ________________ when I tried to guess Sally’s age.   当我想猜测一下萨利的年龄时，我只知道一个大概。 提升练 一、阅读理解 (安徽省示范高中培优联盟2025年春季联赛)Shopping has long been a popular way to lift the spirits. Whether it is buying a new outfit or a garage, the act of purchasing something new often brings a sense of joy. This phenomenon, often called “retail therapy”, has become widely accepted despite its potential drawbacks. But why does retail therapy seem to work so well? First, shopping provides a short-term happiness boost. Research shows that acquiring new items may lead to a surge of excitement and satisfaction. This is especially true when people find something that lines up with their tastes. Additionally, shopping offers emotional distraction, giving individuals a temporary escape from stress or sadness. For many, the process of looking at and selecting items is comforting. Retail therapy also enhances self-expression and confidence. The items people choose often reflect their values and references, helping them feel more connected to their identities. Finding the “perfect” item or scoring a great deal can create a sense of achievement. Moreover, the act of shopping gives people a feeling of control during times of uncertainty, as they can make choices freely in a controlled environment. However, retail therapy isn’t only about the purchases. The social aspect of shopping plays a key role too. Going shopping with friends or family fosters bonding and creates shared experiences. These positive interactions contribute to overall happiness and wellbeing. While retail therapy can provide temporary relief, it’s important to practice moderation. Excessive shopping may lead to financial stress and regrets. Nevertheless, while done mindfully, it can be a valuable tool for improving mood and coping with emotional challenges. 1. What might be the reason for people to engage in retail therapy? A. Passing their leisure time. B. Experiencing brief happiness. C. Showing off their belongings. D. Seeking control over material basis. 2. How does shopping help enhance self-esteem? A. By fostering competition among friends. B. By enabling people to make free choices. C. By encouraging responsible financial habits. D. By reflecting personal values through purchases. 3. What is a potential downside of retail therapy? A. It can result in social isolation. B. It may lead to financial problems. C. It prompts poor time management. D. It lessens emotional bonds with others. 4. What is the author’s attitude toward retail therapy? A. Cautiously optimistic. B. Slightly critical. C. Completely supportive. D. Entirely dismissive. 二、完形填空 (福建省福州市联盟校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题)On November 29, a terrible snowstorm hit New York State Route 5. Many drivers and passengers were very ___1___ because they were ___2___ on the road. Among them, a 64-year-old woman’s situation was extremely ___3___. She was on her way to Cleveland Clinic in Ohio for a heart transplant surgery(移植手术). At that time, she was using a battery-powered device to keep her heart ___4___ When the bad weather stopped her ___5___, her husband asked a nurse at the clinic for help. The nurse then ___6___ called the New York State Police. The state police carried out a (n) ___7___ rescue. It was a difficult process with many ___8___, including a plane ride. First, the police took the woman to the Portland Fire Department and then to Westfield Memorial Hospital. After that, they transported her to the Jamestown Airport where the ___9___ was better. Finally, she was flown to Cleveland Clinic by plane. The police also posted a short message online. They ___10___ some photos of cars and trucks stuck in the snow. They ___11___ people to stay off the roads for safety while the workers were ___12___ the roads. It’s really ___13___ that the patient’s daughter left a comment to thank the police. She said words could never show how ___14___ her family was. She was really thankful that the police ___15___ her mom and helped her get a chance for a new heart. 1. A. calm B. afraid C. ashamed D. relieved 2. A. asleep B. injured C. alone D. trapped 3. A. normal B. urgent C. simple D. funny 4. A. working B. resting C. failing D. shaking 5. A. adventure B. routine C. journey D. project 6. A. slowly B. quietly C. carefully D. immediately 7. A. amazing B. alarming C. disappointing D. confusing 8. A. targets B. steps C. materials D. decorations 9. A. food B. air C. weather D. accommodation 10. A. set aside B. took down C. looked up D. put up 11. A. reminded B. forced C. encouraged D. ordered 12. A. building B. repairing C. painting D. cleaning 13. A. heart-warming B. ear-pleasing C. time-consuming D. mind-blowing 14. A. angry B. sorry C. grateful D. regretful 15. A. cured B. saved C. abandoned D. ignored 三、阅读理解七选五 (山东名校考试联盟2024—2025学年高二年级下学期期中检测)I used to always boast my busyness as some big achievements. Deadlines at school, social commitments, my own personal projects — they all equaled to being “productive.” Yet, a burnout weekend with achieving nothing, came the wake-up call: I wasn’t living any more, only surviving. ___1___ Its essence lies in presence, intention, and appreciation for the small things. And I believe we could all use a little more of it in our fast-paced world. Slow living is not doing less out of laziness. ___2___ It’s taking back our time and attention from the non-stop hurry of contemporary life, emphasizing quality over quantity gives life depth. Consider food: instead of rushing through them, we savor each bite, appreciating the effort behind food. ___3___ This isn’t wrong since not everybody can cut working hours or work extra holiday hours. But slow living isn’t about grand gestures; it’s about small, intentional choices. Put your phone away during dinner. Dedicate 10 minutes daily to journaling instead of scrolling social media. These habits fit even the busiest schedules. I’ve done it myself. I decreased my activities significantly this year, and I learned to say no to commitments that were not on my top list. I prepared more meals at home, enjoying the process as much as the product. And I devoted more time to staying outside. ___4___ Slow living offers advantages to human beings and natural environment alike. The highspeed life we are living today is often unsustainable. ___5___ If we adopt slow living, then we can change the world and create a better and cleaner world. In a word, slow living is revolutionary. It reminds us life isn’t about checking boxes but experiencing moments. As I’ve learned, true productivity lies not in busyness, but in living intentionally. A. It is doing what matters most. B. This sparked my embrace of slow living. C. The key to it is centering on essential tasks. D. Slow living is often misunderstood as inefficiency. E. These shifts reduced anxiety and enhanced energy. F. However some critics consider slow living a luxury. G. The world needs 1.75 Earths to meet our consumption. 四、语法填空 The Spring Festival has been successfully included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, marking global ___1___(recognize) of China’s commitment to protecting intangible cultural heritage (ICH). China now boasts nearly 870,000 ICH items, among ___2___ 44 items have been added to the UNESCO ICH List, ___3___(rank) first in the world. ___4___ 24 Solar Terms, Peking Opera, Chinese Calligraphy are just some examples reflecting China’s rich cultural diversity and its efforts ___5___(preserve) and promote its ICH. During the Spring Festival, people engage ___6___ activities such as putting up New Year paintings, performing dragon and lion dances, and enjoying performances and other folk ___7___(tradition). These elements collectively form the rich ICH ___8___(associate) with the Spring Festival. As the Spring Festival ___9___(celebrate) globally, these related ICHI forms will also reach other parts of the world. More ___10___(important), the deeper cultural values and meanings behind them will also become known to people of different cultural backgrounds. 五、读后续写 Mia and Ben became friends when they were in the school band of Westwood High. Mia was crazy about classical music while Ben regarded hip-hop as his favourite. In spite of their different tastes, their mutual adoration for music gradually built a strong bond that brought them together. After school, they usually practiced music in Ben’s garage, where Mia played music on her cello(大提琴) and Ben beat out rhythms on his laptop. One day, their school made an announcement about a music competition. The winner would have an opportunity to perform at the city’s renowned music festival. Hearing the news, Mia and Ben were over the moon. Without hesitation, they decided to form a team. However, when it’s time to choose a performance style, a fierce conflict of ideas erupted. Mia firmly believed a Mozart piece would be the perfect choice to display their combined talents. “The melody and emotion of classical music will surely amaze the judges and the audience,” she exclaimed. However, Ben was convinced hip-hop would be far more fascinating. “Hip-hop is what the young loves. It’s full of life and can really get the crowd going,” he argued. Quickly the argument was out of control. Mia was boiled with anger as Ben seemed to brush aside everything she held dear. “How can he be so dismissive?” She murmured to herself, full of frustration. Ben started to have second thoughts under Mia’ s sharp criticism, but his deep-rooted love for hip-hop refused to give way. “I don’t want to lose our friendship, but why can’t she understand my passion?” he thought. In the days that followed, neither of them was ready to back down. Their close friendship was on the edge of breaking apart. One evening, when Mia came to the garage, coincidentally, Ben was also there. They still didn’t talk to each other. The atmosphere became so tense that it was almost suffocating (窒息的). 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Mia turned away, Ben broke the silence. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the day of the competition arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$