专练2 说明文-【一战成名新中考·5行卷】2025内蒙古中考英语·学业补差提升训练

学业补差提升训练·内蒙古英语 任 务 型 阅 读 专 练 running was necessary for my ability to run faster. It would be helpful for me to attend the coming tennis competitions. I quietly went in the house to avoid facing my dad. No use. My dad saw me. “ Did you run all the laps?” he asked. “I did,” I replied. “Okay, now let􀆳s go out and do more practice,” he said. I didn􀆳t argue but followed because he was my coach. I caught my tennis bag and we walked to the courts. We practiced for over four hours. That night, my arm was in huge pain and I went to bed early because I had hard matches the next day. Having a night􀆳s rest, I felt much better. I won all three matches and it was really a wonder. The key competition arrived. I played against Ann Collins who was the No. 1 player. I was confident to win because I had practiced thousands of times. However, my arm still hurt from time to time. I thought I must hold on. Otherwise, all the efforts my dad and I made would be useless. When I failed to hit the ball, I saw my dad holding his hands nervously. At the same time, I noticed the crowd cheering. I persisted and kept calm. By the end, I won and I had never seen my dad so happy. The feeling of victory was special, which meant so much to me. Finally, I understand that 　 ▲　 1. What would be necessary for the writer to improve his ability? 　 　 2. How did his dad feel when the writer missed the ball? 　 3. Please translate the underlined word into Chinese. 　 4. 在　 ▲　 处写一个恰当的结尾,使文章主题 得到升华,要求 15词以内。 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 专练 2　 说明文 Passage 1 I put down Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. But I kept going over the exciting story in my mind. The book was full of magic. But Charlie􀆳s happy family was the most magical part of the story. Charlie􀆳s home was a small house at the side of a big town. His family was very poor. His four grandparents stayed in the only bed in the house. The family never had enough food. They always ate watery cabbage soup for dinner. In winter, the freezing(冰冷的) wind swept across the floor all night long. To my surprise, the family were happy. In the evenings, Charlie sat with his grandparents in bed and listened to their stories. Charlie􀆳s parents often joined in. Every night, the room became a happy place. The whole family forgot about their hungry and poor life. This touched me greatly. In some people􀆳s minds, happiness comes from things like money, but love, in fact, is the key to happiness. Oscar Wilde once said, “Keep love in your heart. A life without it is like a sunless garden􀆺” There are so many reasons to be happy. I think love is the most important one. It can move us, 　 ▲　 and give us a life full of happiness. 1. What does the writer think of the book Charlie and the Chocolate Factory? 　 2. Where was Charlie􀆳s house? 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 4 学业补差提升训练·内蒙古英语 任 务 型 阅 读 专 练 3. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 　 　 4. 在　 ▲　 处写一个恰当的词组,使前后文逻 辑连贯,要求 10词以内。 　 　 Passage 2 Rubik􀆳s Cube is 　 ▲ 　 the most popular puzzle toys (拼图玩具) in the world. However, it was a teaching tool at first. In 1974, a teacher named Erno Rubik wanted a tool to teach his students shapes and movement, so he created a cube (立方体) with lots of wooden blocks (木 块) that could be turned around. He painted each side a different color. In his free time, Mr. Rubik turned the sides of the cube around. He soon found it hard to return the colors to their original (原先的) sides. It took him a month to solve it. That was when Mr. Rubik realized what he had created: a puzzle that was difficult but fun to solve! Mr. Rubik called his creation the Magic Cube. At first, Mr. Rubik sold his invention in his country. Then a toy company made many plastic puzzle toys and started selling them all over the world. The company also gave them a name: the Rubik􀆳s Cube. The toy is a great success. Many competitions are held all over the world to see who can solve the puzzle fastest. The World Record for solving the Rubik􀆳s Cube is 3. 13 seconds. 1. Why did Mr. Rubik invent the Magic Cube? 　 　 　 2. Who named Mr. Rubik􀆳s invention the Rubik􀆳s Cube? 　 3. Use a word to describe Mr. Rubik. 　 4. 在　 ▲　 处填入合适的单词或词组,使句意 完整、正确。 　 Passage 3 There􀆳s a question about oranges. Is the fruit named orange for its color, or is the color named for the fruit? The answer to this question is actually pretty simple: Orange, the fruit, was named before its corresponding ( 对 应 的 ) color was. How Did the Orange Get Its Name? Less simple is how the orange got named in the first place. The fruit is usually thought to come from the Malay Archipelago and other parts of tropical(热带的) Asia. It􀆳s possible that the name for oranges also came from tropical Asia. As this sweet fruit went northwest, different versions (版本) of orange showed up in other languages. When Did Orange Become a Color? By the 1400s, the word orange—for the fruit—had finally become an English word. It took another century or so for English speakers to use it to describe the color of the fruit and anything else that matched it. The earliest example is from an account book in 1532. In the book, orange was used to describe a color. There used to be other spellings for “orange” such as “ Oringe” and “ orenge” once appeared in some books, but “ orange ” finally became the standard spelling. 1. How does the writer introduce the topic at the beginning of the text? 　 2. Where did the name for oranges probably come from? 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 5 学业补差提升训练·内蒙古英语 任 务 型 阅 读 专 练 3. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 　 　 　 4. Please give a proper title for the text. 　 　 Passage 4 Your tongue has many different muscles(肌 肉). That is why you can move your tongue in many different ways. Typically, the length of a human tongue is around 8. 5 cm for men and 7. 9 cm for women. And your tongue can do many different jobs. It helps you to talk. Your tongue can help you make different sounds. For example, to make the sound for the letter “ k”, the back of your tongue touches the top of your mouth. When you make the sound for the letter “d”, the tip(尖) of your tongue touches the top of your mouth. It helps you to taste food. The taste buds on your tongue allow you to taste things like sweet, sour, salty, etc. Your tongue does not do all the work when it comes to tasting food. Your nose helps, too. If your nose is stuffed up(堵), you will have a harder time tasting what you eat. It helps you to 　 ▲ 　 . The very back of your tongue helps to keep you from getting sick. It helps to kill germs(细菌) before they travel down into your body. 1. Typically, how long is a tongue for a woman? 　 2. What does your tongue do when you make the sound for the letter “k”? 　 　 3. What do the underlined words “ taste buds” mean in Chinese? 　 4. 在“　 ▲　 ”填入合适的短语或词组,使文意 通顺、正确。 　 　 Passage 5 What happens when you and your friend argue? What should you do when he or she gets angry or upset with you? Here is some useful advice. Stay calm. When we􀆳re angry, we might say things that aren􀆳t kind. It􀆳s always better to keep cool and think carefully before we speak. Listen first. Give the other person a chance to speak without interrupting(打断) him or her. You have to listen ①　 　 　 　 and pay attention to your friend􀆳s face and body language. Be clear and kind. You have to be honest about your thoughts and feelings. Explain the problem clearly and say what you need from your friend. Choose your words carefully and try to be ② 　 　 　 　 to your friend. Admit your mistakes. Remember that even the best people make mistakes and nobody is perfect. It􀆳s OK to make mistakes, but we have to admit them and then say we􀆳re sorry. Think together. Two heads are always better than one. You should have a conversation with your friend about how to solve the problem. And you don􀆳t have to keep it a secret. You can get help from another friend or an adult. 1. How does the writer introduce the topic at the beginning of the text? 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 6 学业补差提升训练·内蒙古英语 任 务 型 阅 读 专 练 2. Why can you get help from another friend or an adult? 　 　 3. Fill in each blank with one proper word. ①　 　 　 　 ;②　 　 　 　 4. Give a best title to the text. 　 　 　 Passage 6 March 20th is the International Day of Happiness. If you􀆳re happy and you know it, celebrate it! And if you􀆳re not happy, here are some quick ways to make you feel happier. Smile! When you􀆳re happy, you smile. But believe it or not, when you smile, it also makes you happy. So practice smiling even when you don􀆳t feel like it. Exercise. Exercise isn􀆳t just good for your body; it is also good for your mind. It doesn􀆳t matter what kind of exercise you do, as long as you do it regularly(定期地). Listen to music. Music can bring more happiness into your life! There are so many feel-good songs and playlists out there, and they can surely make you feel happier. Enjoy nature. If you􀆳re feeling down, spending time outdoors is a good idea. A simple walk in the park, visiting a nearby town, or even taking your lunch break outside can work wonders. 　 ▲　 When it comes to being happy, you have to surround(环绕) yourself with things and people that make you feel good. For example, if you love dancing, then just do that. 1. What day is the International Day of Happiness? 　 2. Why should we try smiling even if we don􀆳t want to? 　 3. 在 　 ▲ 　 处为最后一段拟一个恰当的小 标题。 　 4. 从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的 句子。 If you􀆳re in a low mood, it􀆳s a wise choice to enjoy some time outside. 　 　 Passage 7 A recent study on humans suggests clear Western high-fat, high-sugar “ junk food ” can quickly break your brain􀆳s appetite (胃口) control. The researchers let the young enjoy the delicious cookies, tasty ice-creams and similarly rich foods for a week. They found young and healthy volunteers scored worse on memory tests. At the same time, they also had a greater wish for junk food, even when they were already full. The findings suggest something is wrong in the hippocampus(海马体). It is an area of the brain. It can support memory and help to control appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to make our memories of delicious food less active, cutting down our appetite. When there is something wrong in this area, this control can be badly broken. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 7 学业补差提升训练·内蒙古英语 任 务 型 阅 读 专 练 Over the years, further research on mice has found the role of the hippocampus is easily affected by “ junk food ”. But this has only recently been found in young and healthy humans. Now, in this latest study the team has found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar foods impair (损害 ) memory in humans, they also appear to directly affect our ability to control our appetite. 1. Please list two behaviors of the young men after eating junk food for a week. 　 　 　 2. What role does “ hippocampus” play in our body? 　 　 3. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the text? 　 4. What􀆳s the writer􀆳s purpose in writing the text? 　 　 　 　 　 Passage 8 From grasses to trees, plants come in all colors, shapes and sizes. There are about 350,000 types of plants in the world. Let􀆳s enter the world of plants and learn more about them. How do plants make food? Like all living things, plants need food to live. They make food for themselves by photosynthesis(光合作用). This happens in the leaves. To make food, plants need sunlight, CO2 and H2O. They use the energy from the sun to turn all of those things into O2 and sugars. What do we not really know about plants? ◆Fighting Plants fight against each other to live. Only two percent of the sunlight gets to the forest floor. That􀆳s why some plants spread their leaves to fight for sunlight. ◆Helping each other Plants also help each other and even communicate. In deserts, the roots of Euphrates poplar(胡杨的根) are connected. If a tree finds water, it will share it with others through the roots. ◆Defending Each kind of plant has its own ways to protect itself. Some flowers give off a bad smell. Some even have teeth. 1. What do plants need to make food? 　 　 2. Why do some plants spread their leaves to fight for sunlight? 　 　 3. Which word means “防御” in the text? 　 4. Please give a proper title for the text. 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 8 参考答案及解析·内蒙古英语 学 业 补 差 提 升 训 练 专练 2　 说明文 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章讲述作者阅读《查理和巧 克力工厂》后对书中查理幸福家庭的感想。 1. Full of magic and love. 　 【解析】根据第一段最后两句可知, 作者认为书中充满魔法和爱。 2. At the side of a big town. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一句可知, Charlie的家是在一个大城镇侧面的小房子。 3. 在一些人看来,幸福源自金钱之类的东西,但实际上,爱才是 幸福的关键所在。 4. warm our hearts / change us(言之有理即可) Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了魔方的起源及发明 过程。 1. To teach his students shapes and movement. / Because he wanted to teach his students shapes and movement. 　 【解析】根据第一 段第三句可知,发明魔方是为了教他的学生形状和运动。 2. A toy company. 　 【解析】根据第二段第二、三句可知,一家玩 具公司将魔方命名为 the Rubik􀆳s Cube。 3. Creative. / Smart. / Clever. (言之有理即可) 4. one of　 【解析】根据句意可知,魔方是世界上最受欢迎的益 智玩具之一。 one of表示……之一,符合语境。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了橙子和橙色 命名先后的争议。 1. By asking a question. 　 【解析】根据第一段前两句可知,作者 在文章开头是以问问题的形式来介绍文章的话题的。 2. Tropical Asia. 　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句可知,橙子的 名字可能来自热带亚洲。 3. “orange”以前还有其他拼写,比如“ Oringe”和“ orenge”曾经 出现在一些书中,但“orange”最终成为了标准拼写。 4. What came first: the color orange or the fruit? (言之有理即 可) Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了人类舌头的 结构及其多功能性,突出其生理重要性。 1. Around 7. 9 cm. 　 【解析】根据第一段倒数第二句可知, 女性 的舌头长度约为 7. 9厘米。 2. The back of my tongue touches the top of my mouth. 　 【解析】 根据第二段第三句可知,发 k音时舌根触碰口腔顶部。 3. 味蕾　 【解析】根据第三段前两句可知,舌头可以帮助我们 品尝食物,舌头上的 taste buds 可以让人们品尝到甜、酸、咸 味等。 结合常识可推知“taste buds”是舌头上的味觉感知结 构,意为“味蕾”。 4. keep healthy / fight germs / kill germs(言之有理即可) Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要就如何处理和朋友 之间的争吵提出了几条建议。 1. By asking questions. 　 【解析】根据第一段作者提的两个问题 可知,写作手法为提问。 2. Because two heads are always better than one. 　 【解析】根据最 后一段可知,要从其他朋友或成年人那里得到帮助的原因 是:人多智广。 3. ①carefully ②kind / nice / friendly 　 【解析】根据①所在句可 知,在对方讲话时,应该仔细聆听并注意你朋友的面部表情 和肢体语言,carefully仔细地,副词修饰动词 listen;根据②所 在句可知,应该小心地选择要说的话并对朋友友善 /友好一 些。 此处用对人友好或友善的形容词,构成“ be + adj. + to sb. ”的句型。 4. What to Do When You and Your Friend Argue? / Some Useful Advice on How to Deal with Arguments(言之有理即可) Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了如何变得开 心。 1. March 20th. 　 【解析】根据第一段第一句可知,国际幸福日 在 3月 20日。 2. Because smiling makes us happy. 　 【解析】根据第二段第二句 可知,当你微笑的时候,它也会让你快乐。 3. Do what you love! (言之有理即可) 4. If you􀆳re feeling down, spending time outdoors is a good idea. 　 【解析】题目所给句子意为“如果你情绪低落,在户外享受一 段时间是一个明智的选择。”和文章中的“ If you􀆳re feeling down, spending time outdoors is a good idea. ”意思相同。 Passage 7 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了高脂肪、高糖 食品的危害,告诉我们吃垃圾食品的不良影响。 1. They scored worse on memory tests; they also wanted junk food, even when they were already full. 　 【解析】根据第二段最后 两句可知,他们发现年轻健康的志愿者在记忆力测试中得分 更差,与此同时,他们对垃圾食品的渴望也更大,即使他们已 经吃饱了。 2. It can support memory and help to control appetite. 　 【解析】根 据第三段第三句可知,海马体可以支持记忆并帮助控制食 欲。 3. The high-fat, high-sugar foods. 　 【解析】根据最后一段可知, 研究小组发现,这些高脂肪、高糖的食物不仅会损害人类的 记忆力,而且似乎还会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。 4. To tell us the harm of the high-fat, high-sugar foods / junk food. / To tell us the bad influence of eating “ junk food” . / To tell us not to eat too much “junk food” . (言之有理即可) Passage 8 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了植物的多样性、 光合作用、植物之间的竞争与合作以及植物的自我保护机制。 1. (To make food, plants need) Sunlight, CO2 and H2 O. 　 【解 析】根据第二段第四句可知,植物制造食物需要阳光、二氧 化碳和水。 2. Because only two percent of the sunlight gets to the forest floor. 【解析】根据第三段最后两句可知,是因为只有百分之二的 阳光能到达森林地面。 3. Defend. / Defending. 　 【解析】根据最后一段可知,此段主要 讲的是植物如何自我防御,所以“ defend”或“ defending”的意 思是“防御”。 4. 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