内容正文:
云南长水高级中学镇雄校区 编辑:胡蝶 审核:高二英语组 班级:___________________ 姓名:___________________
XB4,U2 Non-finite forms as attributive, adverbial and complement
非谓语动词
基本形式
与被修饰词的关系
例子
动名词
doing
放在被修饰词前,“供...之用”“...的”
a walking stick
=a stick used for walking
现在分词
doing
主动&进行
We liv-ed in a room facing the south.
过去分词
done
被动&完成/完成
The problem discussed last meeting is important.
不定式
不定式被动
to do
将要发生的主动动作
The next train to arrive was from NewYork.
to be done
将要发生的被动动作
The problem to be discussed next meeting is important.
一、 非谓语动词概况
1.是一种形式,包括:_______ ________ _______ _______
2.______句子谓语动词,______单独作谓语
3.______人称和数的变化,但有_________ ________ ________ ________的变化。
非谓语动词
主动式
被动式
不定式
一般体
进行体
/
完成体
现在分词/动名词
一般体
完成体
过去分词
一般体
4.非谓语动词的句法功能:
种类
作用
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
不定式
动名词
现在分词
过去分词
二、非谓语动词作定语
三、过去分词的用法
(一)、作谓语的v-ed 不能单独使用,通常用于下列两种情况:
1.have/has/had +v-ed 构成完成时
e.g. Since 2019, our country has changed a great deal.
2.be+v-ed 构成被动语态
e.g. What you said will be recorded and sent to the police.
(二)、作非谓语的v-ed ,可作定语、表语、状语、补语
1.过去分词作定语,强调动作完成或者表被动,有时相当于一个adj.
(1).单个过去分词作定语放名词前,过去分词短语作定语放名词后,相当于一个定语从句。
(2).v-ed形式的形容词作定语表示“...的”(人的感受);
v-ing形式的形容词作定语表示” 令人...的”。
(3).v-ed作定语强调动作完成或没有时间性;
being v-ed作定语强调动作正在被或同时发生;
to be v-ed作定语强调动作还没有被做
分析下列过去分词在句子中的含义:
The little girl likes collecting fallen maple leaves.
There is a confused look on his face.
That book (which was) written by Yu Hua was a great success.
The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with us.
2.过去分词作表语---------强调动作、表状态
(1).过去分词位于系动词后面作表语,用于说明主语情况。
He became pleased with the students.
The lady seemed surprised at the results.
(2).过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别
a. The basketball game is exciting.
b. I am excited about the basketball game.
c. It is exciting to watch the basketball game
当主语是______或 时,用现在分词做表语, 表示“令人……的”;
当主语是_______时,用过去分词做表语, 表示“感到……的”。
3.过去分词作状语
(1).过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等,相当于一个状语从句。
写出下列过去分词在句子中作的成分
1.Heated, water changes into steam.
2.Trapped by the heavy snow, she couldn’t get there on time.
3.Offered more time, we would be able to finish the task.
4.Praised by her parents, she still lacked confidence.
(2).分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟______的主语保持一致。如果主句的主语和分词是主动关系,用_________;主句的主语和分词是被动关系,用_________。
e.g. a. Seen from the tower; your school looks tiny.
b. Seeing from the tower, I found your school looks tiny.
(3).连词+分词作状语,构成省略句 (分词逻辑主语要与主句主语一致)
e.g. While walking on the street, he found his wallet lost.
Though informed of the danger, he still went swimming in the river.
4.过去分词作宾补
1. 感官动词, 使役动词, 意欲动词 , 介词with +宾语+v-ed作宾补,v-ed与宾语是被动关系。现在分词强调主动、进行
过去分词 强调被动
2.作宾补
(省to)不定式强调动作发生的全过程
3.动词 seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾补,一般表状态而不表被动
go, change, fall 等的v-ed作宾补时, 仅表示完成,不表被动。
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