精品解析：2025届天津市滨海新区塘沽渤海石油第一中学高三下学期四模英语试题

渤油一中2025届高三毕业班第四次模拟考试 英语试卷 笔试 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至13页，第Ⅱ卷14至16页。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 祝各位考生考试顺利! 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项： 1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2.本卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 1. — William didn’t show up at the get-together last night. — ______? He’s always taking an active part in such activities. A. Why not B. What for C. How come D. So what 2. The on her face told me that he was angry. A. impression B. reputation C. expression D. capacity 3. He ________ the exam, but he was too careless. A. should have passed B. could have passed C. might have passed D. must have passed 4. After spending months on ______ practice and perfecting every detail of her dance routine, the young performer delivered a flawless show that left the audience in awe. A. heartbreaking B. painstaking C. daunting D. outstanding 5. Whether big or small, ______ all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. A. why B. what C. when D. where 6. I want to express our gratitude for your help _____________ my family members. A. in response to B. by means of C. on behalf of D. in particular 7. With more forests being destroyed in that area, huge quantities of land deserts each year. A. has been turned into B. are being turned into C. is being turned into D. were being turned into 8. The positive opinions from her boss helped her confidence in her abilities. A. ban B. evaluate C. reject D. boost 9. _______ you’ve set your mind on the goal, you must make every effort to get it achieved in spite of challenges. A Now that B. As if C. Unless D. In case 10. Hannah travels the world ________ presentations and talks, getting more people ________ in the conversation of ocean life. A. giving; involving B. given; involved C. giving; involved D. given; involving 11. The landscape ______ beauty is beyond description makes everyone who sees it fall in love with it. A. which B. whose C. when D. as 12. By the time the teacher asked for the essays, most students _________ their drafts to the online platform. A. submit B. had submitted C. were submitting D. have submitted 13. — How about staying at home and watching TV tonight? — _______. You have promised to go to a movie with me. A. Have a good time. B. I beg to differ. C. No problem. D. Don’t worry 14. ________ is important for students ________ good study habits. A. This; develop B. It; to develop C. That; developing D. It; develop 15. To be creative engineers, we need to ______. A. think outside the box B. put ourselves into others’ shoes C. boost our confidence D. bring the tradition back to life 第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___16___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___17___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___18___ an astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___19___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s ___20___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___21___ call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern ___22___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___23___. “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in ___24___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ____25____ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll ____26____ those things.” Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ____27____ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ____28____ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____29____ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ____30____ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely ____31____ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to ____32____ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ____33____ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ____34____. “I just love driving and I love these kids, ” Wilson said. “It’s such a(n) ____35____ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.” 16. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 17. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 18. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 19. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations 20. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted 21. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 22. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 23. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication 24. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 25 A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 26. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on 27. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 28. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 29. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warn 30. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 31. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 32. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 33. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 34 A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment 35. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分) A Aurora Borealis (北极光), the northern lights, showcases beautiful green, pink, blue and violet-colored lights dancing in the night sky. Here are some of the best places to see the northern lights around the world. Troms∅, Norway Troms∅ is right in the center of the Norwegian Arctic aurora zone, making it one of the best places to witness the Aurora Borealis annually. This city has the best northern light views from September to April. Travelers can stay in Thon Hotel Troms∅, a mid-range hotel that offers viewing spots on the roof deck. Thon Hotel Troms∅ rate: Starts at $111 per night Best activity besides viewing the northern lights: Husky Tours Orkney, Scotland Orkney is 10 miles from the remote northern coast of Scotland and is one of the best locations to view the Aurora Borealis in the UK. Travelers can witness the northern lights between September and March during cold and dark evenings. The Kirkwall Hotel: Starts at $86 per room per night Other popular places in Orkney: Wideford Hill and Inganess Bay Lapland, Finland Lapland is another location within the Arctic Circle, in Finland’s northernmost part. Travelers can expect to see the northern lights from late August to April, about 200 times annually. One of the best bucket list (愿望清单) experiences is watching the light show from Santa’s Hotel Aurora. Kakslauttanen Artic Resort Glass Igloos: Starts at $484 per night Santa’s Hotel Aurora: Starts at $121 per night Yellowknife, Canada Yellowknife, more popular for being North America’s Aurora Capital, sits at the center of the Aurora Oval, with the best views from mid-November to early April. Aurora Village tours are also available for viewing the northern lights, with free pick-up from hotels around the arca. Aurora Village tour: Starts at $100 per person Aurora Village Hotel package: Rates differ during fall and winter 36. Which of the four locations has the longest season of viewing the northern lights? A. Troms∅. B. Orkney. C. Lapland. D. Yellowknife. 37. What is the lowest price for renting two rooms for one night in the Kirkwall Hotel? A. $172. B. $200. C. $222. D. $242. 38. What can tourists do in both Troms∅ and Lapland? A. Enjoy sightseeing tours around the village. B. Watch the northern lights from the hotel. C. Participate in Santa-themed activities. D. Get free pick-ups to the viewing spots. 39. When can tourists see the northern lights during dark evenings in Orkney? A. In August. B. In January. C. In May. D. In June. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To offer some tips on how to protect the northern coast of Scotland. B. To advise us to to see the northern lights online. C. To introduce some ideal places to see the northern lights. D. To share his ideas on how to go to the north pole. B Camping is a rite of passage (成人礼) if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first taste of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant (移民) from India I thought it was strange. I simply didn’t understand why so many people loved nature when the comfort of your home still existed. Then I turned 20 and started trying new things. I had been experiencing mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. So, I decided to try camping. The night before the trip I was quite excited. Then I overheard a conversation between my father and mother. “why does she have to do this? Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home?” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do. It’s okay. She’ll be fine!” my mom explained. My parents had no faith in me surviving one night in the wild. My friends and I set up our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it slowed down: life felt gentler and easier. Suddenly, I realized: I was doing it! I was camping! As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the twinkling lights above me. I won’t lie. I had the worst sleep of my life. Morning came and I was up and ready to make breakfast, coffee and tea. I didn’t even realize I was sad to leave until we started packing everything up. I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I never thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of appreciation for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different outlook on an activity that I had thought strange for so many years. It made me realize the beauty of Canada wasn’t in the things we did, but in the community we built. 41. What was the author’s attitude toward camping as a child? A. She was passionate. B. She felt it unnecessary. C. She was frightened. D. She considered it beneficial 42. What pushed the author to try camping? A. Her desire to restore her mental health. B. Her curiosity about the wild. C. Her friends’ invitation. D. Her parents’ doubts about her survival skills 43. What can be used to best describe the author’s feeling during the camp? A. Eager and proud. B. Confident but regretful. C. Challenging but satisfied. D. Relaxed and fulfilled. 44. What did the author think of the camping trip? A. It deepened her love of camping. B. It was peaceful sleeping outdoors. C. It helped her find a sense of belonging. D. It gave her the courage to overcome challenges. 45. What is the proper title of the passage? A. A New Life in Canada B. A Meaningful Camping Experience C. Guidance on Camping for a Beginner D. Go Back to Nature C The giant panda is more than just a cute conservation animal and a beloved media darling. It is also, according to new research, the protector of dozens of other unique Chinese species. The panda itself doesn’t actually defend other wildlife, but it helps to save it all the same by serving as what’s known as an “umbrella species”. In other words, efforts to preserve habitats for the giant panda also protect many other mammals, birds and amphibians (两栖动物) that live only alongside pandas, in the same areas and regions. Conservationists have expressed this umbrella species theory for years but a paper published recently in Biological Conservation proves it. The research found that most of the forest animals in China live within the panda’s geographic range and the nature reserves set aside to protect them. In brief, most of this range overlaps (与……重叠) with important conservation areas for other local forest species. Pandas do protect a lot although a few species fall outside the umbrella. The research found about one hundred kinds of animals are not protected by the giant panda’s current reservation. The paper identified 10 locations that might be suitable for new or improved nature reserves to help expand that coverage. Many of these areas, located in Sichuan Province, which is considered the stronghold (大本营) of giant pandas in the wild, are close to existing reserves. Protecting the newly identified locations, however, won’t save all of China’s unique wildlife. “Pandas are a good umbrella species for forest ecosystems in China but that’s not enough,” says co-author Binbin Li. “In China we have many ecosystems. We need more umbrella species.” For example, she says tigers could serve the same role in the northern part of the country and snow leopards could be an umbrella for grassland species. “The new findings are important,” Pimm (the other author) and Li say, “because many people doubt whether China’s commitment to preserving giant panda habitats is doing much good.” Other people around the world don’t even realize that wild pandas still live in their native forests. “A lot of the resources in China go to releasing captive (被关住的) pandas back into the wild,” Li says. “The news doesn’t cover that.” She says this paper helps display wild pandas and also shows that the expense in preserving them is money well spent. The researchers hope their paper helps to set the tone for future discussions not only about umbrella species but also giant pandas themselves along with all China’s wildlife. 46. Giant pandas are called an umbrella species because ________. A. they never fight for protected species B. they help take care of other baby animals C. their precious value requires better protection D. the protection for them also extends to other species 47. What can we learn from the research? A. The number of nature reserves may be reduced. B. The coverage of nature reserves may be expanded. C. The giant panda lives in important local conservation areas. D. Many nature reserves in China are located in Sichuan Province. 48. What should people do to protect ecosystems according to Binbin Li? A. Create more kinds of strong species. B. Find more kinds of umbrella species. C. Focus solely on pandas’ conservation. D. Search for much bigger nature reservations. 49. Pimm and Li think the new findings are helpful in ________. A. showing how well pandas are living B. blaming the media for their ignorance C. proving China’s efforts to protect pandas D. appealing to organizations to donate money 50. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The umbrella species have a great influence on the ecosystem. B. Researchers have done a lot to protect China’s local species. C. Giant panda conservation also protects other unique species. D. Conservationists expressed a new umbrella species theory. D Making decisions under uncertainty is a problem we all face. Imagine you are looking for a parking spot at a crowded event. You find one far from your destination. Do you decide to take it, or invest more time into hunting for a better spot which may or may not exist? You might resolve this decision by “budgeting”: limiting the resources (time) you will spend looking for a better option. This strategy allows us to cut our losses when things don’t turn out as we hoped. In our research, we show how weaver ants — much like humans — budget their investment into a task with an uncertain payoff. Weaver ants link their bodies together to form bridge-like structures called “hanging chains”, which they use for crossing gaps they encounter. Building a chain comes at a cost to the colony (蚁群). Ants in the chain can’t participate in important colony tasks such as defending the nest and searching for food. The cost of the chain is proportional (成比例) to its length: longer chains are more costly, as they keep more ants occupied. Chains provide a major benefit too: they allow ants to explore areas that would otherwise be inaccessible, which may offer food sources to the colony. Whether an area contains a profitable resource, however, is unknown to the ants. This means the colony must invest capital (a number of ants) into forming a chain which may or may not pay off. We expected ants would stop forming a chain when the gap to be bridged became too tall, as the cost would become too great. We initially challenged ants to bridge vertical gaps of 25mm, 35mm and 50mm in height. Ants could comfortably form chains within this range, which allowed us to precisely determine the rules they use to build chains. We found ants decide how long to stay in a chain by visually assessing their distance from the ground below. The closer to the ground, the longer an ant remains in the chain. Can this predict a distance beyond which ants stop forming chains? We answered this question using a mathematical model, which predicted ants should stop forming chains when the gap is taller than 89mm.We challenged ants to form chains over gaps of 110mm, well beyond the distance predicted by our model. As expected, the ants never formed chains over these gaps. Similar to when we set ourselves a time limit for finding parking, ants set a distance limit by budgeting before giving up. 51. What does the underlined word “investment” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The food found by ants. B. The chain built by ants. C. The time ants spend on a chain. D. The number of ants needed to build a chain. 52. What does the author say about ants’ chain-building? A. It involves risk. B. It’s unique. C. It’s a mistake. D. It’s incredible. 53. Why were gaps of 110mm set for ants? A To clarify a misconception. B. To make a comparison. C. To confirm a prediction. D. To challenge an argument. 54. In what way are ants similar to humans? A. In building something necessary. B. In achieving success by budgeting. C. In setting a time limit for a task. D. In making decisions under uncertainty. 55. Which of the following is the passage probably taken from? A. A book review. B. A technical instruction book. C. A science magazine. D. A travel book. 渤油一中20255届高三毕业班第四次模拟考试 英语试卷 第Ⅱ卷 注意事项： 1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2.本卷共6小题，共35分。 第三部分：写作(共两节；满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Once upon a time, in a little village called Charmington, there lived a shy and unconfident girl named Lily. Lily was a kind-hearted soul. but her lack of self-assurance often led her to doubt her own beauty and worth. One sunny day, as Lily wandered through the streets of Charmington, she came across a charming little shop filled with shining hair accessories (配饰). Among the treasures, her eyes were attracted by a lovely bow (蝴蝶结) that seemed to callout to her. Despite her hesitation, something inside Lily told her to take a small act of self-expression and pay for the bow. She bought it and gently put it in her hair. At that very moment, a magical transformation took place. Lily felt a burst of confidence, as if the bow had given her a newfound confidence and charm. Excited about her new accessory, Lily confidently walked down the busy streets of Charmington, unaware that the bow had slipped and dropped unnoticed from her hair. Her newfound confidence made her feel beautiful inside and out. As Lily walked, something amazing began to happen. People passing by couldn’t help but notice her beauty, the warmth that shined from herself. Strangers smiled at her, complimenting her on her look and bright smile. Confused by their compliments, Lily touched her hair, only to realize that the bow was missing. Instead of feeling embarrassed or disheartened, she couldn’t help but be amazed by the power of her own confidence. Lily began to understand that true beauty lies not in outside decorations but in self-assurance and grace. It was her confidence that had caught the attention and admiration of those around her. 56. What was the biggest challenge for Lily? (No more than 15 words) _________________________________________________________________________ 57. How did Lily feel after she wore the new bow? (No more than 5 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 58. What does the underlined word “complimenting” probably mean? (1 word) ________________________________________________________________________ 59. According to the passage, where is true beauty? (No more than 6 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 60. In your opinion, how will you build your own confidence? (No more than 20 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。高中生活即将结束，回顾过去的三年，看到了自己的成长进步，也忆起了师生的深切情谊。请用英语写一封感谢信内容要点包括： 1.感谢自己的坚持(努力学习、克服困难、成长成熟等)； 2.感恩师生的情谊(老师的教导、同学的帮助等)； 3.表达对未来的期许(相信自己、勇敢前行等)。 注意：在天津考生下载更多资料 1.词数不少于100； 2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear me and others, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 渤油一中2025届高三毕业班第四次模拟考试 英语试卷 笔试 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至13页，第Ⅱ卷14至16页。 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 祝各位考生考试顺利! 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项： 1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2.本卷共55小题，共95分。 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 1. — William didn’t show up at the get-together last night. — ______? He’s always taking an active part in such activities. A. Why not B. What for C. How come D. So what 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——威廉昨晚没有出现在聚会上。——怎么会呢？他总是积极参加这样的活动。A. Why not为什么不呢；B. What for为什么；C. How come怎么会呢；D. So what那又怎样。根据答语中的He’s always taking an active part in such activities.可知，威廉总是积极参加这样的活动，所以说话人对威廉没有出现在聚会上感到惊讶，How come符合语境。故选 C。 2. The on her face told me that he was angry. A. impression B. reputation C. expression D. capacity 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她脸上的表情告诉我他生气了。A. impression印象；B. reputation名声，声誉；C. expression表情；D. capacity能力。根据“on her face told me that he was angry”可知，是脸上的表情告诉我他生气了。故选C。 3. He ________ the exam, but he was too careless. A. should have passed B. could have passed C. might have passed D. must have passed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词+ have done结构。句意：他本可以通过考试的，但他太粗心了。A. should have passed本应该通过（实际未通过，强调应该做而没做）；B. could have passed本能够通过（表示有能力通过但实际未通过）；C. might have passed可能已经通过（表示不确定的推测）；D. must have passed一定已经通过（表示肯定的推测）。根据空后“but he was too careless”可知，他有通过考试的能力，只是因为粗心才没通过，所以用空处应用could have passed。故选B。 4. After spending months on ______ practice and perfecting every detail of her dance routine, the young performer delivered a flawless show that left the audience in awe. A. heartbreaking B. painstaking C. daunting D. outstanding 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在花了数月时间精心练习并完善舞蹈动作的每一个细节之后，这位年轻的表演者呈现了一场完美的表演，让观众惊叹不已。A. heartbreaking令人心碎的；B. painstaking煞费苦心的，精心的；C. daunting令人胆怯的；D. outstanding杰出的，显著的。根据空前的“spending months”和空后的“practice and perfecting every detail of her dance routine”可知，此处强调练习的“辛苦与细致”，painstaking更符合“长时间专注打磨细节”的语境。故选B项。 5. Whether big or small, ______ all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. A. why B. what C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论大小，我们所有的选择都有一个共同点，那就是它们会导致特定的后果。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少have的宾语，指事情，应用what引导从句。故选B。 6. I want to express our gratitude for your help _____________ my family members. A. in response to B. by means of C. on behalf of D. in particular 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。 句意：我想代表我的家人表达对你帮助的感激之情。A. in response to 作为对……的回应； B. by means of 通过……方式； C. on behalf of代表…… ；D. in particular尤其，特别。根据句意可知，我想代表我的家人表达对你帮助的感激之情。故选C项。 7. With more forests being destroyed in that area, huge quantities of land deserts each year. A. has been turned into B. are being turned into C. is being turned into D. were being turned into 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态以及主谓一致。句意：随着该地区越来越多的森林被破坏，每年都有大量土地变成沙漠。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据each year可知，句子为现在进行时态，表示每年有大量的土地正变成沙漠。且turn into和主语land之间为被动关系，所以句子为现在进行时态的被动与语态。因为land前面有huge quantities of修饰，所以谓语动词用复数。故选B。 8. The positive opinions from her boss helped her confidence in her abilities. A. ban B. evaluate C. reject D. boost 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老板的积极评价增强了她对自己能力的信心。A. ban禁止；B. evaluate评估；评价；C. reject拒绝；不接受；驳回；D. boost促进；增强；提高。根据“The positive opinions from her boss”可知，老板的积极评价能够增强她对自己能力的信心。故选D。 9. _______ you’ve set your mind on the goal, you must make every effort to get it achieved in spite of challenges. A. Now that B. As if C. Unless D. In case 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：既然你已经下定决心去实现目标，你就必须尽一切努力去实现它，尽管有挑战。A. Now that既然；B. As if好像；C. Unless除非；D. In case万一。表示“既然你已经下定决心要实现这个目标”，引出后面 “必须尽一切努力去实现它，尽管会有挑战” 的原因，所以此处引导原因状语从句，表示“既然”。故选A。 10. Hannah travels the world ________ presentations and talks, getting more people ________ in the conversation of ocean life. A. giving; involving B. given; involved C. giving; involved D. given; involving 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汉娜周游世界，做演讲和演讲，让更多的人参与到海洋生物的对话中。主语Hannah和动词give是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语；get+宾语+宾补，宾语more people和动词involve是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾补，get sb. involved in“让某人参与……”。故选C项。 11. The landscape ______ beauty is beyond description makes everyone who sees it fall in love with it. A. which B. whose C. when D. as 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查关系代词辨析。句意：那片美得无法形容的风景让每个看到它的人都为之倾心。A. which在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代物；B. whose在定语从句中作定语，表所属关系，可指人或物；C. when在定语从句中作时间状语，指代时间；D. as引导定语从句时，常与“such”“the same”等连用，或用于非限制性定语从句中。本题中“landscape”与“beauty”是所属关系，即“风景的美丽”，用whose符合要求。故选B。 12. By the time the teacher asked for the essays, most students _________ their drafts to the online platform. A. submit B. had submitted C. were submitting D. have submitted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到老师收论文时，大多数学生已经将草稿提交到了在线平台。根据从句By the time the teacher asked for the essays可知，主句动作发生在“asked”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选B。 13. — How about staying at home and watching TV tonight? — _______. You have promised to go to a movie with me. A. Have a good time. B. I beg to differ. C. No problem. D. Don’t worry 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：— 今晚呆在家里看电视怎么样？— 我不同意。你答应过和我一起去看电影。A. Have a good time玩得高兴；B. I beg to differ我不同意；C. No problem没问题；D. Don’t worry别担心。根据后文“You have promised to go to a movie with me.”可知，回答者对对方“今晚在家看电视”的提议不同意。故选B。 14. ________ is important for students ________ good study habits. A. This; develop B. It; to develop C. That; developing D. It; develop 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：对学生来说养成良好的学习习惯是很重要的。“It is +形容词+ or sb.+to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“对某人来说做某事是…… 的”，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故选B。 15. To be creative engineers, we need to ______. A. think outside the box B. put ourselves into others’ shoes C. boost our confidence D. bring the tradition back to life 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：要成为有创造力的工程师，我们需要跳出思维定式。A. think outside the box跳出框框思考；B. put ourselves into others’ shoes站在别人的立场考虑；C. boost our confidence增强我们的信心；D. bring the tradition back to life使传统重现生机。根据前面目的状语“To be creative engineers,”可知，要想成为有创造力的工程师，需要跳出思维定式。故选A项。 第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___16___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___17___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___18___ an astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___19___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s ___20___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___21___ call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern ___22___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___23___. “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in ___24___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ____25____ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll ____26____ those things.” Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ____27____ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ____28____ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____29____ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ____30____ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely ____31____ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to ____32____ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ____33____ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ____34____. “I just love driving and I love these kids, ” Wilson said. “It’s such a(n) ____35____ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.” 16. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 17. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 18. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 19. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations 20. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted 21. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 22. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 23. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication 24. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 25. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 26. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on 27. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 28. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 29. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warn 30. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 31. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 32. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 33. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 34. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment 35. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来一直免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。 【16题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. linking连接；B. sending寄送；C. offering提供；D. distributing分配。根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。 【17题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. donating捐献，捐赠；B. lending借出；C. delivering发表，投递；D. volunteering自愿。根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。 【18题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. paved铺设，安排；B. covered行走，覆盖；C. measured测量，判断；D. wandered徘徊，漫步。Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。故B选项正确。 【19题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. arguments争论；B. interviews接见，采访；C. negotiations谈判；D. conversations谈话。Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间有愉快幽默的“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。 【20题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. met遇见；B. driven驾车，开车；C. addressed演说；演讲；向……说话；D. greeted问候，迎接。根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”， drive意为“驾车送（人）”。故B选项正确。 【21题详解】 考查副词辨析。A. even甚至；B. ever永远，曾经；C. once一次，曾经；D. already已经。这些学生将Wilson当作他们偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。 【22题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. earned赚得；B. received接受；C. assessed评估；D. demanded要求。根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿收到免费的乘车机会。故B选项正确。 【23题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. transportation运输，运送；B. style风格，类型；C. time时间，次数；D. communication交流。对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。故A选项正确。 【24题详解】 考查形容词辨析。A. forced强迫的；B. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的；C. ridiculous可笑的；D. suspicious可疑的，怀疑的。Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。”坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。 【25题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. selects选择；B. recites背诵；C. guesses猜测；D. remembers记住，记得。每次坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。故D选项正确。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。A. act on对……起作用；B. settle on定居，决定；C. check on检查，核实；D. agree on对……取得一致意见。在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。 【27题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. club俱乐部；B. league联盟，社团；C. college大学；D. programme项目，计划。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作了一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。根据上句中的“student-support programme”可知，D选项正确。 【28题详解】 考查副词辨析。A. far远地；B. around到处；C. beyond更远处，超过；D. forwards向前。结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。 29题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. assist帮助；B. watch观看；C. urge强烈要求；D. warn警告。如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。故A选项正确。 【30题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. expects期望；B. attempts试图；C. manages经营，设法；D. hesitates犹豫。从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。故D选项正确。 【31题详解】 考查形容词辨析。A. extra额外的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. necessary必需的；D. adequate充足的，适当的。根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others…For them, riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必需的。故C选项正确。 【32题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. share分享；B. fuel加燃料；C. repair修理；D. exchange交换。有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。故A选项正确。 【33题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. required需要；B. allowed允许；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. convinced说服，使信服。乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“允许某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。 【34题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. arrangement安排；C. appreciation欣赏，感激；D. employment雇用，使用。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。 【35题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. effort努力；B. ambition雄心，志向；C. privilege荣幸，特权，优待；D. convenience方便，便利。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确。 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分) A Aurora Borealis (北极光), the northern lights, showcases beautiful green, pink, blue and violet-colored lights dancing in the night sky. Here are some of the best places to see the northern lights around the world. Troms∅ Norway Troms∅ is right in the center of the Norwegian Arctic aurora zone, making it one of the best places to witness the Aurora Borealis annually. This city has the best northern light views from September to April. Travelers can stay in Thon Hotel Troms∅, a mid-range hotel that offers viewing spots on the roof deck. Thon Hotel Troms∅ rate: Starts at $111 per night Best activity besides viewing the northern lights: Husky Tours Orkney, Scotland Orkney is 10 miles from the remote northern coast of Scotland and is one of the best locations to view the Aurora Borealis in the UK. Travelers can witness the northern lights between September and March during cold and dark evenings. The Kirkwall Hotel: Starts at $86 per room per night Other popular places in Orkney: Wideford Hill and Inganess Bay Lapland, Finland Lapland is another location within the Arctic Circle, in Finland’s northernmost part. Travelers can expect to see the northern lights from late August to April, about 200 times annually. One of the best bucket list (愿望清单) experiences is watching the light show from Santa’s Hotel Aurora. Kakslauttanen Artic Resort Glass Igloos: Starts at $484 per night Santa’s Hotel Aurora: Starts at $121 per night Yellowknife Canada Yellowknife, more popular for being North America’s Aurora Capital, sits at the center of the Aurora Oval, with the best views from mid-November to early April. Aurora Village tours are also available for viewing the northern lights, with free pick-up from hotels around the arca. Aurora Village tour: Starts at $100 per person Aurora Village Hotel package: Rates differ during fall and winter 36 Which of the four locations has the longest season of viewing the northern lights? A. Troms∅. B. Orkney. C. Lapland. D. Yellowknife. 37. What is the lowest price for renting two rooms for one night in the Kirkwall Hotel? A. $172. B. $200. C. $222. D. $242. 38. What can tourists do in both Troms∅ and Lapland? A. Enjoy sightseeing tours around the village. B. Watch the northern lights from the hotel. C. Participate in Santa-themed activities. D. Get free pick-ups to the viewing spots. 39. When can tourists see the northern lights during dark evenings in Orkney? A. In August. B. In January. C. In May. D. In June. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To offer some tips on how to protect the northern coast of Scotland. B. To advise us to to see the northern lights online. C. To introduce some ideal places to see the northern lights. D. To share his ideas on how to go to the north pole. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了全球四个观赏北极光的最佳地点，包括挪威的特罗姆瑟、苏格兰的奥克尼群岛、芬兰的拉普兰以及加拿大的黄刀镇，并概述了每个地点的观赏季节、住宿选择和其他活动。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Troms∅, Norway”中的“This city has the best northern light views from September to April. (从9月到4月，这座城市有最好的北极光景观。)”、“Orkney, Scotland”中的“Travelers can witness the northern lights between September and March during cold and dark evenings. (在寒冷和黑暗的夜晚，旅行者可以在9月到3月之间看到北极光。)”、“Lapland, Finland”中的“Travelers can expect to see the northern lights from late August to April, about 200 times annually. (旅行者可以在8月下旬到4月之间看到北极光，每年大约200次。)”以及“Yellowknife, Canada”中的“Yellowknife, more popular for being North America’s Aurora Capital, sits at the center of the Aurora Oval, with the best views from mid-November to early April. (黄刀镇，因作为北美洲的极光之都而闻名遐迩，它位于极光椭圆带的中心位置，从11月中旬到4月初是最佳观赏时间。)”可知，拉普兰的观赏北极光季节最长，从8月下旬到4月。故选C项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Orkney, Scotland”中的“The Kirkwall Hotel: Starts at $86 per room per night (柯克沃尔酒店：每晚每间房86美元起)”可知，在柯克沃尔酒店租两间房一晚的最低价格是86*2=172美元。故选A项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Troms∅, Norway”中的“Travelers can stay in Thon Hotel Troms∅, a mid-range hotel that offers viewing spots on the roof deck. (旅行者可以住在特罗姆瑟索恩酒店，这是一家中档酒店，在屋顶甲板上提供观赏点。)”以及“Lapland, Finland”中的“One of the best bucket list (愿望清单) experiences is watching the light show from Santa’s Hotel Aurora. (从圣诞老人极光酒店观看灯光秀是最好的愿望清单体验之一。)”可知，在特罗姆瑟和拉普兰，游客都可以从酒店观赏北极光。故选B项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Orkney, Scotland”中的“Travelers can witness the northern lights between September and March during cold and dark evenings. (在寒冷和黑暗的夜晚，旅行者可以在9月到3月之间看到北极光。)”可知，在奥克尼群岛，游客可以在1月看到黑暗夜晚的北极光。故选B项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Here are some of the best places to see the northern lights around the world. (以下是全球一些观赏北极光的最佳地点。)”以及下文对四个地点的介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一些观赏北极光的理想地点。故选C项。 B Camping is a rite of passage (成人礼) if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first taste of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant (移民) from India I thought it was strange. I simply didn’t understand why so many people loved nature when the comfort of your home still existed. Then I turned 20 and started trying new things. I had been experiencing mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. So, I decided to try camping. The night before the trip I was quite excited. Then I overheard a conversation between my father and mother. “why does she have to do this? Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home?” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do. It’s okay. She’ll be fine!” my mom explained. My parents had no faith in me surviving one night in the wild. My friends and I set up our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it slowed down: life felt gentler and easier. Suddenly, I realized: I was doing it! I was camping! As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the twinkling lights above me. I won’t lie. I had the worst sleep of my life. Morning came and I was up and ready to make breakfast, coffee and tea. I didn’t even realize I was sad to leave until we started packing everything up. I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I never thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of appreciation for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different outlook on an activity that I had thought strange for so many years. It made me realize the beauty of Canada wasn’t in the things we did, but in the community we built. 41. What was the author’s attitude toward camping as a child? A. She was passionate. B. She felt it unnecessary. C. She was frightened. D. She considered it beneficial 42. What pushed the author to try camping? A. Her desire to restore her mental health. B. Her curiosity about the wild. C. Her friends’ invitation. D. Her parents’ doubts about her survival skills 43. What can be used to best describe the author’s feeling during the camp? A. Eager and proud. B. Confident but regretful. C. Challenging but satisfied. D. Relaxed and fulfilled. 44. What did the author think of the camping trip? A. It deepened her love of camping. B. It was peaceful sleeping outdoors. C. It helped her find a sense of belonging. D. It gave her the courage to overcome challenges. 45. What is the proper title of the passage? A. A New Life in Canada B. A Meaningful Camping Experience C. Guidance on Camping for a Beginner D. Go Back to Nature 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为印度移民对露营态度的转变，以及一次露营经历带给她的深刻感受和意义。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But growing up as an immigrant (移民) from India I thought it was strange. I simply didn’t understand why so many people loved nature when the comfort of your home still existed. (但作为一个来自印度的移民长大，我觉得这很奇怪。当家里的舒适环境依然存在时，我简直不明白为什么有这么多人热爱大自然。)”可知，作者小时候对露营的态度是觉得没必要。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had been experiencing mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. So, I decided to try camping. (很长一段时间以来，我一直在经历心理健康问题，我发现身处大自然中有助于我平静下来。所以，我决定尝试露营。)”可知，作者恢复心理健康的愿望促使她尝试露营。故选A。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“My friends and I set up our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it slowed down: life felt gentler and easier. Suddenly, I realized: I was doing it! I was camping! As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the twinkling lights above me. I won’t lie. I had the worst sleep of my life. Morning came and I was up and ready to make breakfast, coffee and tea. I didn’t even realize I was sad to leave until we started packing everything up. (我和朋友们在树林里搭起了营地。一整天，我们吃东西、在水边玩耍、和露营的邻居打招呼。时间仿佛慢了下来：生活显得更加平和、轻松。突然，我意识到：我正在做这件事！我正在露营！当白昼转为黑夜，群星闪耀，我惊叹于头顶所有闪烁的光芒。说实话，那是我这辈子睡得最糟糕的一次。早晨到来时，我起床准备早餐、咖啡和茶。直到我们开始收拾行李，我才意识到自己舍不得离开。)”可知，作者在露营期间的感觉是放松且充实的。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I never thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of appreciation for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different outlook on an activity that I had thought strange for so many years. It made me realize the beauty of Canada wasn’t in the things we did, but in the community we built. (我离开时，不仅完成了一件从未想过自己能做到的事，还真正感受到了社群的意义，真正领略了大自然的馈赠，也对这个多年来一直觉得奇怪的活动有了截然不同的看法。这让我意识到，加拿大的美好并不在于我们做了什么，而在于我们建立的社群。)”可知，作者认为这次露营之旅让她找到了一种归属感。故选C。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“But growing up as an immigrant (移民) from India I thought it was strange. I simply didn’t understand why so many people loved nature when the comfort of your home still existed. (但作为一个来自印度的移民长大，我觉得这很奇怪。当家里的舒适环境依然存在时，我简直不明白为什么有这么多人热爱大自然。)”和最后一段“I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I never thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of appreciation for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different outlook on an activity that I had thought strange for so many years. It made me realize the beauty of Canada wasn’t in the things we did, but in the community we built. (我离开时，不仅完成了一件从未想过自己能做到的事，还真正感受到了社群的意义，真正领略了大自然的馈赠，也对这个多年来一直觉得奇怪的活动有了截然不同的看法。这让我意识到，加拿大的美好并不在于我们做了什么，而在于我们建立的社群。)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者作为印度移民对露营态度的转变，以及一次露营经历带给她的深刻感受和意义，因此选项B“A Meaningful Camping Experience (一次有意义的露营经历)”最适合作为本文的标题。故选B。 C The giant panda is more than just a cute conservation animal and a beloved media darling. It is also, according to new research, the protector of dozens of other unique Chinese species. The panda itself doesn’t actually defend other wildlife, but it helps to save it all the same by serving as what’s known as an “umbrella species”. In other words, efforts to preserve habitats for the giant panda also protect many other mammals, birds and amphibians (两栖动物) that live only alongside pandas, in the same areas and regions. Conservationists have expressed this umbrella species theory for years but a paper published recently in Biological Conservation proves it. The research found that most of the forest animals in China live within the panda’s geographic range and the nature reserves set aside to protect them. In brief, most of this range overlaps (与……重叠) with important conservation areas for other local forest species. Pandas do protect a lot although a few species fall outside the umbrella. The research found about one hundred kinds of animals are not protected by the giant panda’s current reservation. The paper identified 10 locations that might be suitable for new or improved nature reserves to help expand that coverage. Many of these areas, located in Sichuan Province, which is considered the stronghold (大本营) of giant pandas in the wild, are close to existing reserves. Protecting the newly identified locations, however, won’t save all of China’s unique wildlife. “Pandas are a good umbrella species for forest ecosystems in China but that’s not enough,” says co-author Binbin Li. “In China we have many ecosystems. We need more umbrella species.” For example, she says tigers could serve the same role in the northern part of the country and snow leopards could be an umbrella for grassland species. “The new findings are important,” Pimm (the other author) and Li say, “because many people doubt whether China’s commitment to preserving giant panda habitats is doing much good.” Other people around the world don’t even realize that wild pandas still live in their native forests. “A lot of the resources in China go to releasing captive (被关住的) pandas back into the wild,” Li says. “The news doesn’t cover that.” She says this paper helps display wild pandas and also shows that the expense in preserving them is money well spent. The researchers hope their paper helps to set the tone for future discussions not only about umbrella species but also giant pandas themselves, along with all China’s wildlife. 46. Giant pandas are called an umbrella species because ________. A. they never fight for protected species B. they help take care of other baby animals C. their precious value requires better protection D. the protection for them also extends to other species 47. What can we learn from the research? A. The number of nature reserves may be reduced. B. The coverage of nature reserves may be expanded. C. The giant panda lives in important local conservation areas. D. Many nature reserves in China are located in Sichuan Province. 48. What should people do to protect ecosystems according to Binbin Li? A. Create more kinds of strong species. B. Find more kinds of umbrella species. C. Focus solely on pandas’ conservation. D. Search for much bigger nature reservations. 49. Pimm and Li think the new findings are helpful in ________. A. showing how well pandas are living B. blaming the media for their ignorance C. proving China’s efforts to protect pandas D. appealing to organizations to donate money 50. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The umbrella species have a great influence on the ecosystem. B. Researchers have done a lot to protect China’s local species. C. Giant panda conservation also protects other unique species. D. Conservationists expressed a new umbrella species theory. 【答案】46. D 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过大熊猫讲述了伞形物种理论，即保护大熊猫栖息地的努力也保护了许多与大熊猫生活在同一地区的其他哺乳动物、鸟类和两栖动物。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中的“In other words, efforts to preserve habitats for the giant panda also protect many other mammals, birds and amphibians (两栖动物) that live only alongside pandas, in the same areas and regions.(换言之，保护大熊猫栖息地的努力也保护了许多其他哺乳动物、鸟类和两栖动物，这些动物只与大熊猫生活在同一地区)”可知，大熊猫被称为保护伞物种，是因为对它们的保护也延伸到了对其他物种的保护。故选D项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“The paper identified 10 locations that might be suitable for new or improved nature reserves to help expand that coverage. (该论文确定了10个可能适合新建或改善自然保护区的地点，以帮助扩大覆盖范围)”可知，自然保护区的覆盖范围可能会扩大。故选B项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段中的““In China we have many ecosystems. We need more umbrella species.” For example, she says tigers could serve the same role in the northern part of the country and snow leopards could be an umbrella for grassland species.(“在中国，我们有很多生态系统。我们需要更多的保护伞。”例如，她说老虎可以在中国北部发挥同样的作用，雪豹可以成为草原物种的一个保护伞)”可知，Binbin Li认为，人们应该寻找更多种类的伞形物种来保护生态系统。故选B项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的““The new findings are important,” Pimm (the other author) and Li say, “because many people doubt whether China’s commitment to preserving giant panda habitats is doing much good.”(Pimm（另一位作者）和Li说：“新发现很重要，因为许多人怀疑中国保护大熊猫栖息地的承诺是否做得好。”)”和“She says this paper helps display wild pandas and also shows that the expense in preserving them is money well spent. (她说，这篇论文有助于展示野生大熊猫，也表明保护它们的费用花得很好)”可知，Pimm和Li认为新发现对证明中国为保护大熊猫所做的努力有帮助。故选C项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段中的“It is also, according to new research, the protector of dozens of other unique Chinese species. (根据新的研究，大熊猫也是数十种其他独特的中国物种的保护者)”和最后一段“The researchers hope their paper helps to set the tone for future discussions not only about umbrella species but also giant pandas themselves, along with all China’s wildlife. (研究人员希望他们的论文有助于为未来的讨论定下基调，不仅是关于保护伞物种，还有大熊猫本身，以及所有中国野生动物)”可知，文章通过大熊猫讲述了伞形物种理论，即保护大熊猫栖息地的努力也保护了许多与大熊猫生活在同一地区的其他哺乳动物、鸟类和两栖动物，C项“保护大熊猫还能保护其他独特物种”符合文意。故选C项。 D Making decisions under uncertainty is a problem we all face. Imagine you are looking for a parking spot at a crowded event. You find one far from your destination. Do you decide to take it, or invest more time into hunting for a better spot which may or may not exist? You might resolve this decision by “budgeting”: limiting the resources (time) you will spend looking for a better option. This strategy allows us to cut our losses when things don’t turn out as we hoped. In our research, we show how weaver ants — much like humans — budget their investment into a task with an uncertain payoff. Weaver ants link their bodies together to form bridge-like structures called “hanging chains”, which they use for crossing gaps they encounter. Building a chain comes at a cost to the colony (蚁群). Ants in the chain can’t participate in important colony tasks such as defending the nest and searching for food. The cost of the chain is proportional (成比例) to its length: longer chains are more costly, as they keep more ants occupied. Chains provide a major benefit too: they allow ants to explore areas that would otherwise be inaccessible, which may offer food sources to the colony. Whether an area contains a profitable resource, however, is unknown to the ants. This means the colony must invest capital (a number of ants) into forming a chain which may or may not pay off. We expected ants would stop forming a chain when the gap to be bridged became too tall, as the cost would become too great. We initially challenged ants to bridge vertical gaps of 25mm, 35mm and 50mm in height. Ants could comfortably form chains within this range, which allowed us to precisely determine the rules they use to build chains. We found ants decide how long to stay in a chain by visually assessing their distance from the ground below. The closer to the ground, the longer an ant remains in the chain. Can this predict a distance beyond which ants stop forming chains? We answered this question using a mathematical model, which predicted ants should stop forming chains when the gap is taller than 89mm.We challenged ants to form chains over gaps of 110mm, well beyond the distance predicted by our model. As expected, the ants never formed chains over these gaps. Similar to when we set ourselves a time limit for finding parking, ants set a distance limit by budgeting before giving up. 51. What does the underlined word “investment” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The food found by ants. B. The chain built by ants. C. The time ants spend on a chain. D. The number of ants needed to build a chain. 52. What does the author say about ants’ chain-building? A. It involves risk. B. It’s unique. C. It’s a mistake. D. It’s incredible. 53. Why were gaps of 110mm set for ants? A. To clarify a misconception. B. To make a comparison. C. To confirm a prediction. D. To challenge an argument. 54. In what way are ants similar to humans? A. In building something necessary. B. In achieving success by budgeting. C. In setting a time limit for a task. D. In making decisions under uncertainty. 55. Which of the following is the passage probably taken from? A. A book review. B. A technical instruction book. C. A science magazine. D. A travel book. 【答案】51. D 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了织叶蚁在不确定性下通过“预算”策略做决策的研究，揭示了其与人类决策行为的相似性。 【51题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Weaver ants link their bodies together to form bridge-like structures called “hanging chains”, which they use for crossing gaps they encounter. Building a chain comes at a cost to the colony (蚁群). Ants in the chain can’t participate in important colony tasks such as defending the nest and searching for food. The cost of the chain is proportional (成比例) to its length: longer chains are more costly, as they keep more ants occupied. (织叶蚁将它们的身体连接在一起，形成被称为“悬挂链”的桥状结构，用于跨越它们遇到的间隙。建造一条链对蚁群来说是有代价的。链中的蚂蚁不能参与蚁群的重要任务，如保卫蚁巢和寻找食物。链的成本与其长度成正比：链越长，成本越高，因为它们占用了更多的蚂蚁。)”可知，织叶蚁建造链桥需要付出代价，且链的长度与成本成正比，即需要更多的蚂蚁参与。因此，这里的“investment”指的是建造链桥所需的蚂蚁数量，也就是蚁群为完成任务所投入的资源。故选D项。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Chains provide a major benefit too: they allow ants to explore areas that would otherwise be inaccessible, which may offer food sources to the colony. Whether an area contains a profitable resource, however, is unknown to the ants. This means the colony must invest capital (a number of ants) into forming a chain which may or may not pay off. (链桥也提供了一个主要的好处：它们允许蚂蚁探索否则无法到达的区域，这些区域可能为蚁群提供食物来源。然而，蚂蚁并不知道一个区域是否包含有价值的资源。这意味着蚁群必须投入资源（一定数量的蚂蚁）来形成链桥，这可能会带来回报，也可能不会。)”可知，织叶蚁建造链桥的行为存在风险，因为它们无法确定所探索的区域是否包含有价值的资源。故选A项。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We answered this question using a mathematical model, which predicted ants should stop forming chains when the gap is taller than 89mm.We challenged ants to form chains over gaps of 110mm, well beyond the distance predicted by our model. As expected, the ants never formed chains over these gaps. (我们使用一个数学模型来回答这个问题，该模型预测当间隙高于89mm时，蚂蚁应该停止形成链桥。我们挑战蚂蚁在110mm的间隙上形成链桥，这远远超出了我们模型预测的距离。不出所料，蚂蚁从未在这些间隙上形成链桥。)”可知，设置110mm的间隙是为了验证数学模型的预测是否正确，即蚂蚁是否会在间隙高于89mm时停止形成链桥。故选C项。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In our research, we show how weaver ants — much like humans — budget their investment into a task with an uncertain payoff. (在我们的研究中，我们展示了织叶蚁 —— 与人类非常相似 —— 如何在一项回报不确定的任务中预算它们的投入。)”以及最后一段“Similar to when we set ourselves a time limit for finding parking, ants set a distance limit by budgeting before giving up. (就像我们为自己设定寻找停车位的时间限制一样，蚂蚁在放弃之前也会通过预算来设定距离限制。)”可知，织叶蚁和人类在面对不确定性时都会做出决策，并设定一定的限制来避免过度投入。故选D项。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“Making decisions under uncertainty is a problem we all face.(在不确定的情况下做出决定是我们都会面临的问题。)”可知，文章主要探讨了织叶蚁在不确定回报的情况下如何决定建造链桥的长度，以及这种行为与人类在面对不确定性时做出决策的相似性。这属于科学研究的范畴，因此文章可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C项。 渤油一中20255届高三毕业班第四次模拟考试 英语试卷 第Ⅱ卷 注意事项： 1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。 2.本卷共6小题，共35分。 第三部分：写作(共两节；满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 Once upon a time, in a little village called Charmington, there lived a shy and unconfident girl named Lily. Lily was a kind-hearted soul. but her lack of self-assurance often led her to doubt her own beauty and worth. One sunny day, as Lily wandered through the streets of Charmington, she came across a charming little shop filled with shining hair accessories (配饰). Among the treasures, her eyes were attracted by a lovely bow (蝴蝶结) that seemed to callout to her. Despite her hesitation, something inside Lily told her to take a small act of self-expression and pay for the bow. She bought it and gently put it in her hair. At that very moment, a magical transformation took place. Lily felt a burst of confidence, as if the bow had given her a newfound confidence and charm. Excited about her new accessory, Lily confidently walked down the busy streets of Charmington, unaware that the bow had slipped and dropped unnoticed from her hair. Her newfound confidence made her feel beautiful inside and out. As Lily walked, something amazing began to happen. People passing by couldn’t help but notice her beauty, the warmth that shined from herself. Strangers smiled at her, complimenting her on her look and bright smile. Confused by their compliments, Lily touched her hair, only to realize that the bow was missing. Instead of feeling embarrassed or disheartened, she couldn’t help but be amazed by the power of her own confidence. Lily began to understand that true beauty lies not in outside decorations but in self-assurance and grace. It was her confidence that had caught the attention and admiration of those around her. 56. What was the biggest challenge for Lily? (No more than 15 words) _________________________________________________________________________ 57. How did Lily feel after she wore the new bow? (No more than 5 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 58. What does the underlined word “complimenting” probably mean? (1 word) ________________________________________________________________________ 59. According to the passage, where is true beauty? (No more than 6 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 60. In your opinion, how will you build your own confidence? (No more than 20 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. Her lack of self-assurance. 57. Very confident. 58. Praising. 59. Self-assurance and grace. 60. Set small goals and achieve them. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了害羞不自信的女孩Lily买了蝴蝶结后获得自信，即使蝴蝶结掉落人们仍赞美她，她由此明白真正的美在于自信和优雅。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Once upon a time, in a little village called Charmington, there lived a shy and unconfident girl named Lily. Lily was a kind hearted soul, but her lack of self-assurance often led her to doubt her own beauty and worth. (从前，在一个叫迷人屯的小村庄里，住着一个害羞又不自信的女孩莉莉。莉莉心地善良，但她缺乏自信，常常怀疑自己的美丽和价值)”可知，Lily最大的挑战是缺乏自信。故答案为：Her lack of self-assurance. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“At that very moment, a magical transformation took place. Lily felt a burst of confidence, as if the bow had given her a newfound confidence and charm. (就在那一刻，神奇的转变发生了。莉莉感到一阵自信，仿佛蝴蝶结给了她全新的自信和魅力)”可知，Lily戴上新蝴蝶结后感到自信。故答案为：Very confident. 【58题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据划线词所在句“Strangers smiled at her, complimenting her on her look and bright smile. (陌生人为她微笑，……她的外表和灿烂的笑容)”中“smiled”可推知，陌生人是在赞美她，所以complimenting的意思是“赞美”，即“Praising”。故答案为：Praising. 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Lily began to understand that true beauty lies not in outside decorations but in self-assurance and grace. (莉莉开始明白，真正的美不在于外在装饰，而在于自信和优雅)”可知，真正的美在于自信和优雅。故答案为：Self-assurance and grace. 【60题详解】 这是开放性题目，考查个人观点。我们可以通过设定目标，并实现目标来建立自信。故答案为：Set small goals and achieve them. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。高中生活即将结束，回顾过去的三年，看到了自己的成长进步，也忆起了师生的深切情谊。请用英语写一封感谢信内容要点包括： 1.感谢自己的坚持(努力学习、克服困难、成长成熟等)； 2.感恩师生的情谊(老师的教导、同学的帮助等)； 3.表达对未来的期许(相信自己、勇敢前行等)。 注意：在天津考生下载更多资料 1.词数不少于100； 2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear me and others, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear me and others, As high school life ends, I’m grateful for my perseverance. I studied hard, overcame academic challenges, and grew into a more mature person. I’ve learned to face difficulties independently, which has been a precious asset. I also owe a debt of gratitude to my teachers and classmates. Teachers’ patient guidance broadened my knowledge. Classmates’ help in tough times made me feel warm. Their support accompanied me through these years. For the future, I believe in myself. I’ll carry the lessons and friendships forward bravely, ready to embrace new challenges and create a brighter tomorrow. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于感谢信。要求考生以晨光中学学生李津的身份，回顾高中三年，感谢自己的坚持、感恩师生情谊，并表达对未来的期许。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 坚持：perseverance → persistence 感激的：grateful → thankful 克服：overcome → surmount 宝贵的：precious → valuable 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Teachers’ patient guidance broadened my knowledge. 拓展句：Teachers’ patient guidance broadened my knowledge, which has laid a solid foundation for my future study. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] As high school life ends, I’m grateful for my perseverance. (运用了从属连词as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型 2] I’ve learned to face difficulties independently, which has been a precious asset. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$