精品解析：2023届江苏省扬州中学联培部二模英语考试（英才E）

江苏省扬州中学联培部2023届二模考试 英语（英才E） 2023. 4 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题, 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In 2013 Mr. Baugher planted 7,000 Fuji apple trees in the orchard (果园).Three years later,just when the trees should have been bearing fruit, he noticed that a few of them had yellow leaves. Within weeks they were dead. The next year，the problem spread to more than a few trees. By last year,2,000 of Mr Baugher’s 7,000 new trees were dead. Mr. Baugher has the worst case of"rapid apple decline" (RAD)in the county, but he is not alone. The mysterious disease has been troubling growers across America's northeast for at least six years. Kari Peter, a fruit-tree specialist first observed massive die-offs in her research orchard in 2013. She came up with the term"RAD". But her attempts to explain it have not produced much fruit. The usual reasons for the death of tree-mould infestation, a known virus, disease, an early frost-didn't fit symptoms. Her investigation only ruled things out. The dead trees tend to be younger: two to eight-years-old. They are nearing he prime of production. Dwarf trees, which are commonly used by commercial growers, seem to be the most subject. Historically, orchards held 600-700 apple trees an acre, but most are now high producing dwarf trees, which are more compact. Growers plant 1, 200-1, 500 trees per acre. Working with the Department of Agriculture Kan found a new hidden apple virus in the infected trees. But they cannot be sure if this new virus has any connection with the decline. Researchers at Cormell University found that severe cold followed by drought (旱灾)could have weakened the trees leaving them subject to viruses.Other scientists think that herbicides may be to blame. Dan Donahue, a fruit-tree specialist says it could be any or all of those theories. In a recent sampling, he found that 64% of young trees had hidden viruses. These do not show symptoms, but they could affect vitality. Older, larger apple trees were better at shrugging off the viruses. RAD is a big worry for the apple growers. Customer taste is changing. Traditional varieties like Red Delicious are no longer a customer favourite, so growers are having to invest in new varieties. Few of the orchard growers are able to absorb the economic losses. Mr. Baugher found some relief in the Tree Assistance Programme, through which the federal government provides financial assistance to orchard-owners whose trees are damaged by natural disasters. The sudden death of apple trees may not seem as dramatic as a hurricane, but it is perhaps even more dangerous. Americans have given considerably more before in the defense of apple pie. 1. The underlined word"compact"is closest in meaning to . A. complex B. dense C. remote D. regular 2. What can be learned about Kari Peter? A. It took her six years to come up with the term RAD. B. Her research led to a breakthrough in apple cultivation. C. She failed to find out the definite cause of RAD. D. She was the first scientist to research apple trees. 3. Based on the various researches, RAD may be caused by the following EXCEPT . A. extreme weather B. a new virus C. way of tree cultivation D. location of the orchard 4. What can be inferred from the passage? A. RAD adds to the pressure on the already struggling apple growers. B. RAD doesn't qualify orchard growers for financial assistance. C. The government needs to fund more research into RAD. D. Apple growers should have stuck to traditional varieties. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。本文分析讨论了美国东北部的小苹果树为什么会死去的原因。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句上文“Historically, orchards held 600-700 apple trees an acre, but most are now high producing dwarf trees, which are more compact. Growers plant 1, 200-1, 500 trees per acre.( 历史上，果园每英亩拥有600-700棵苹果树，但现在大多数都是高产矮树，它们更compact。种植者每英亩种植1200-1500棵树)”可知，which引导定语从句，which指代dwarf trees，种植者每英亩种植1200到1500棵树，说明这些树更紧凑，划线词与B项“dense稠密的”意思相近。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“She came up with the term"RAD". But her attempts to explain it have not produced much fruit. The usual reasons for the death of tree-mould infestation. a known virus, disease, an early frost-didn't fit symptoms. Her investigation only ruled things out.(她想出了“苹果快速衰落”（RAD）这个词。但她试图解释这一现象的努力并没有取得多少成果。导致树霉感染的常见原因、一种已知病毒、疾病、早期霜冻等，与症状不符。她的调查只是排除了一些可能性)”可知她没有找出RAD的确切原因，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Working with the Department of Agriculture Kan found a new hidden apple virus in the infected trees.(与农业部合作，Kan在受感染的苹果树中发现了一种新的隐藏的苹果病毒)”和第四段的“Researchers at Cormell University found that severe cold followed by drought (旱灾)could have weakened the trees leaving them subject to viruses. Other scientists think that herbicides may be to blame.(Cormell大学的研究人员发现，严寒干旱紧随其后可能会削弱了树木使他们遭受病毒。其他科学家认为，除草剂可能是罪魁祸首。)”可知极端天气，新病毒以及除草剂导致了“苹果快速衰落”（RAD）。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“RAD is a big worry for the apple growers.(RAD是苹果种植者的一大担忧)”以及后文“ Few of the orchard growers are able to absorb the economic losses.(很少有果园种植者能够承受经济损失)”可推断，“苹果快速衰落”（RAD）增加了本已苦苦挣扎的苹果种植者的压力。故选A。 B Albert Einstein’s 1915 masterpiece The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity is the first and still the best introduction to the subject, but it probably wouldn’t be publishable in a scientific journal today. Why not? After all, it undoubtedly would pass the tests of correctness and significance. And while it’s believed that the paper was incomprehensible to its first readers, in fact many papers in theoretical physics are much more difficult. As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote, “There was a time when the newspapers said that only 1.2 men understood the theory of relativity, which is not true. After reading the paper, a lot of people understood the theory of relativity in some way or other, certainly more than 1.2.” No, the problem is its style. It starts with a leisurely philosophical discussion of space and time and then continues with an explanation of known mathematics. Those two sections, which would be considered extraneous today, take up half the paper. Worse, there are zero citations of previous scientists’ work, nor are there any graphs. Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors. A similar process of professionalisation has transformed other parts of the scientific landscape. Requests for research time at major laboratories are more strictly structured. And anything involving work with human objects, or putting instruments in space, involves piles of paperwork. We see it also in the Regeneron Science Talent Search, the Nobel Prize of high school science competitions. In the early decades of its history, the winning projects were usually the sort of clever but naive, amateurish efforts one might expect of talented beginners working on their own. Today, polished work coming out of internships at established laboratories is the norm. These professionalising tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modern science. Standardisation and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people. But there are serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops (繁文缛节). Of course, Einstein would have found his way to meeting modern standards and publishing his results. Its scientific core wouldn’t have changed, but the paper might not be the same taste to read. 5. According to Richard Feynman, which statement about Einstein’s 1915 paper is true? A. It attracted few professionals. B. It turned out to be comprehensible. C. It needed further improvement. D. It was a classic in theoretical physics. 6. What does the underlined word “extraneous” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Unrealistic. B. Imprecise. C. Unattractive. D. Irrelevant. 7. According to the author, what is affected as modern science develops? A. The selection of young talents. B. The evaluation of laboratories. C. The principle of scientific research. D. The application of research findings. 8. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. How to write quality papers? B. Will science be professionalised? C. Could Einstein’s Work Get Published Today? D. How will modern science make advances? 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用物理学家的话以及现代科学爆炸式发展带来的专业化趋势来介绍爱因斯坦1915年的名著《广义相对论的基础》，这篇论文读起来不一样的地方以及它可能不会在今天的科学期刊上发表的原因。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote, “There was a time when the newspapers said that only 1.2 men understood the theory of relativity, which is not true. After reading the paper, a lot of people understood the theory of relativity in some way or other, certainly more than 1.2.”(正如物理学家理查德·费曼所写的那样：“曾经有一段时间，报纸上说只有1.2个人理解相对论，这是不正确的。读了这篇论文后，很多人都以某种方式理解了相对论，肯定不止1.2个。”)”可知，爱因斯坦1915年的论文证明是可以理解的。故选B项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词后句“Worse, there are zero citations of previous scientists’ work, nor are there any graphs. Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors.(更糟糕的是，上面没有引用以前科学家的工作，也没有任何图表。这些特点可能会让一篇文章甚至无法通过第一编辑。)”可知，爱因斯坦的论文没有引用，也没有图表，在如今看来是很糟糕的，因此此处是说他在论文中花大量篇幅进行的哲学讨论和张量微积分的阐述在今天被认为是无关紧要的，所以画线词词义为“不相关的、无关紧要的”。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“These professionalising tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modem science. Standardisation and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people. But there are serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops(繁文缛节).( 这些专业化倾向是现代科学爆炸式发展的自然结果。标准化和系统使得管理文件、应用程序和人员的快速流动变得更加容易。但也有严重的缺点。大量无用功都耗费在了突破官僚形式的层层桎梏上)”可推断，在作者看来，随着现代科学的发展，年轻人才的选拔受到了影响。故选A项。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Albert Einstein’s 1915 masterpiece The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity is the first and still the best introduction to the subject, but it probably wouldn’t be publishable in a scientific journal today.(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦1915年的杰作《广义相对论的基础》是对广义相对论的第一篇也是最好的介绍，但这篇文章可能不会在今天的科学期刊上发表)”可知，第一段是总起，文章围绕着这个问题展开论述，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“Could Einstein’s Work Get Published Today?(爱因斯坦的研究成果今天能发表吗？)”。故选C项。 C There are few spectacles more unpleasant than a television presenter trying to hang on to a job. When one of the presenters of the BBC program Crimewatch resigned recently, rather than suffer the inevitable indignity of being unfinished and replaced by a younger version, he made the usual hurt noises about his masters' overemphasis on youth. People in the media listened sympathetically before he slid from view to join the ranks of television's has-beens. The presenter's argument, that the views don't care how old you are so long as you can “do the job,” unfortunately is not backed up by the evidence. When you're on TV, viewers are always thinking about whether you're losing your hair or your figure and, lately, whether you've had cosmetic work done. This is what they're actually doing when you think they're listening to the wise things you say. Viewers actually don't understand much of what the job involves, they just see you sitting there looking the part. Like the ability to pet one's head while rubbing one's stomach, TV presenting is just one of those sills. Some of those who possess this skill can hit the big name, inevitably as they become more attached to the lifestyle this brings, however, the more likely they are to overstate the skill. In reality, if somebody is paying you a lot of money to do a job, it's often on the tacit （心照不宣的） understanding that you may be fired suddenly-it's part of the deal. Unlike football managers, TV presenters pretend not to understand this. If they've had many years being paid silly sums to read a script from an autocue （ 自动题词机），it's difficult for them to accept that they've been the beneficiary of good fortune rather than anything else; even harder to face the fact that an editor could all too easily send them to the shopping channels. Something similar eventually awaits all the people who are currently making fortunes that would have been unimaginable to earlier generations of presenters. One day we'll decide that their face no longer fits and they'll be dragged away complaining about the same ageist policy from which they no doubt previously profited. Show business is a brutal （残忍的） business. The one thing it reliably punishes is age, particularly among women. That's why, at the age of fifty, female TV presenters become female radio presenters and why girl bands planning to re-form need to get it done before they're forty, after which it will get too hard for everyone to suspend their collective disbelief. 9. What does the writer imply about the Crimewatch presenter he mentions in the first paragraph? A. He was unwise to resign when he did. B. He will soon be forgotten by the viewers. C. He may well have had a valid point to make. D. He was treated insensitively by his employers. 10. The underlined pronoun “this” in paragraph 2 refers to________. A. a public image B. a level of success C. an overstatement D. a common misunderstanding 11. Why does the writer mention football managers in paragraph 3? A. To support his view that presenters are overpaid. B. To stress how important luck is in certain occupations. C. To show how relatively secure TV presents are in their jobs. D. To illustrate a general rule that applies to certain types of job. 12. According to the writer, TV personalities who may worry about ageism ________. A. should look for work in other forms of broadcasting B. may have benefited from it themselves at some point C. are less well respected than presenters of the past D. are being unfair to up-and-coming younger colleagues 【答案】9. B 10. B 11. D 12. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了因年龄问题，电视主持人不断被淘汰，成为了“过气”的名人。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“People in the media listened sympathetically before he slid from view to join the ranks of television's has-beens.”（媒体中的人们同情地听着他的陈述，直到他从人们的视线中消失，加入了电视界的“过气人物”行列。）由此可知，作者提到的《犯罪观察》的主持人旨在表明观众很快就会忘记他。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Some of those who possess this skill can hit the big name, inevitably as they become more attached to the lifestyle this brings”（有些拥有这种技能的人可能会名声大噪，这是不可避免的，因为他们变得更加依恋it带来这种生活方式）由此判断出，this指的是前文的“一定程度的成功”。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“In reality, if somebody is paying you a lot of money to do a job, it's often on the tacit understanding that you may be fired suddenly-it's part of the deal. Unlike football managers, TV presenters pretend not to understand this.”（事实上，如果有人付给你很多钱来做一份工作，通常是在默认的情况下，你可能会突然被解雇，这是交易的一部分。与足球经理不同，电视节目主持人假装不明白这一点）由此判断出，作者在第三段提到足球经理是为了举例说明适用于某些类型工作的一般规则。故选D项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“One day we'll decide that their face no longer fits and they'll be dragged away complaining about the same ageist policy from which they no doubt previously profited.”（总有一天，我们会发现他们的脸不再合适，他们会抱怨同样的年龄歧视政策，毫无疑问，他们曾从中获利）由此可知，根据作者的说法，那些担心年龄歧视的电视名人可能在某种程度上也从中受益过，故选B项。 D Walking over water might sound unbelievable. In fact, people do it all the time. How? Almost all of the world’s liquid fresh water that is called groundwater lies underground. Earth is a water planet, but most of its water is in the oceans. Only about 2.5 percent of the planet’s water is fresh water, of which nearly 69 percent is frozen in glaciers (冰川) and ice caps and about 30 percent is groundwater-much more than the 1.2 percent that flows through rivers and fills lakes. Groundwater is found almost everywhere on Earth. It hides under mountains, plains and even deserts. Tiny gaps between rocks and soil grains take in and hold this water like a sponge (海绵), forming buried bodies of water called aquifers (地下蓄水层). Together, they hold about 60 times as much water as the world’s lakes and rivers combined. Groundwater is a key part of the earth’s water cycle. Rain and melted snow go down into the ground. The water can stay there for thousands of years. Some groundwater naturally runs out onto the earth’s surface through springs. It also flows into lakes, rivers and wetlands. People get groundwater through wells for drinking, watering crops and other uses. As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, demand for groundwater may rise. At the same time, climate change may increase storms. Heavier rain is more likely to rush straight into streams and storm drains, instead of going into the soil. So, there may be less groundwater around. Many of the world’s aquifers already seem to be drying up. Twenty-one of the earth’s 37 biggest aquifers are becoming smaller, satellite data show. The most dried-out aquifers are near big cities, farms, or dry regions. As groundwater stores dwindle, they hold less water to refill rivers and streams, thus threatening freshwater ecosystems. 13. What can we know about groundwater from Paragraph 3? A. It will end up in rivers and seas. B. It’s mainly stored in wet regions. C. It’s mainly kept in the form of aquifers. D. It runs out onto the earth’s surface regularly. 14. Why does climate change result in less groundwater according to the text? A. It makes heavier rain go into the soil. B. It raises the temperature and increases daytime. C. It causes glaciers to disappear faster than ever. D. It allows less rain to go underground directly. 15. What does the underlined word “dwindle” in the last paragraph mean? A. Decrease. B. Change. C. Develop. D. Form. 16. What is the best title of the passage? A. The threat from climate change B. The water cycle in the world C. The decrease of groundwater D. Water crisis on the planet 【答案】13. C 14. D 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上几乎所有被称为地下水的液态淡水都位于地下。但是由于气候变化以及人类活动，地下水不断减少。地下水的减少会影响淡水生态系统。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“It hides under mountains, plains and even deserts. Tiny gaps between rocks and soil grains take in and hold this water like a sponge (海绵), forming buried bodies of water called aquifers (地下蓄水层). (它隐藏在高山、平原甚至沙漠之下。岩石和土壤颗粒之间的微小缝隙像海绵一样吸收并保持着水，形成了被称为含水层的地下水体)”可知从第三段中我们可以了解到地下水主要以含水层的形式存在，故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“At the same time, climate change may increase storms. Heavier rain is more likely to rush straight into streams and storm drains, instead of going into the soil. So, there may be less groundwater around. (与此同时，气候变化可能会增加风暴。大雨更有可能直接冲入溪流和雨水渠，而不是进入土壤。因此，周围的地下水可能较少)”可知，气候变化导致地下水减少是因为它使得更少的雨水直接进入地下，故选D。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。文章最后一段讲到“Many of the world’s aquifers already seem to be drying up. Twenty-one of the earth’s 37 biggest aquifers are becoming smaller, satellite data show. (世界上许多含水层似乎已经干涸。卫星数据显示，地球37个最大的含水层中有21个正在变小)”注意关键词“becoming smaller”可知划线单词所在句子的意思是：随着地下水储量的减少，它们容纳的水越来越少，无法补充河流和溪流，从而威胁到淡水生态系统。所以带下划线的单词的意思是“减少”，故选A。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上几乎所有被称为地下水的液态淡水都位于地下。但是由于气候变化以及人类活动，地下水不断减少。地下水的减少会影响淡水生态系统。尤其文章倒数第二段讲到“As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, demand for groundwater may rise. At the same time, climate change may increase storms. (随着人类造成的气候变化使地球部分地区干涸，对地下水的需求可能会上升。同时，气候变化可能会增加风暴。)”以及“So, there may be less groundwater around.(因此，周围的地下水可能较少)”可知文章的最佳标题是：地下水的减少。故选C。 For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). ____17____ Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale. ____18____ Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. ____19____ “I used to hate parties and I was distant from my friends.” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition. Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. ____20____ Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. ____21____ There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.” A. Songs sound like noise to an amusic. B. Now she knows that she is not alone. C. The notes sound different to an amusic. D. She felt lonely while staying away from others. E. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. F. Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. G. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors. 【答案】17. F 18. A 19. E 20. G 21. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了音盲这一群体，以及他们对此的感受和因此面临的问题。 【17题详解】 根据上文“People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调).(音盲天生就没有识别或再现音符的能力)”可知，这些人很难区分歌曲。下文“Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.(只有当两个音符在音阶上相距很远，他们才能听到它们之间的区别)”也说明他们欠缺这种能力。选项F“Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs.(音盲总是无法区分两首歌的区别)”也是在讲这种能力的缺乏，与上下文关联紧密。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other.(许多音盲把音乐的声音比作金属片互相撞击)”可知，音乐对他们而言，并不美妙，像金属互撞的噪音。选项A“Songs sound like noise to an amusic.(对音盲而言，歌曲听起来像噪音)”与下文关联紧密。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music.(这就是为什么许多音盲故意远离有音乐的地方)”可知，这些人想要远离有音乐的场所、场合，这就是一种退缩，这种现象容易造成与社会的脱节，被孤立。选项E“However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation.(然而，这可能导致退缩和社会孤立)”将这种现象呈现出来，与上文关联紧密。故选E项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech.(音盲能很好地理解其他非音乐声音。他们理解普通的言语也没有问题)”可知，这些人只是对音乐这一种声音的理解有障碍，这和红绿色盲很相似，也是看不清特定颜色。选项G“Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.(科学家们把音盲比作看不清特定颜色的人)”，与上文关联紧密。故选G项。 【21题详解】 根据上文“Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed(诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music.(当他们的病情最终被诊断出来时，许多音盲都很高兴。多年来，Margaret一直对自己的音乐声音问题感到尴尬)”可知，这些人没接受诊断前，都因为这个问题感到苦恼，觉得自己很另类。由此推知，空处陈述他们确诊后的表现或反映。选项B“Now she knows that she is not alone.(现在她知道了，并非她一个人有这个问题)”符合题意。故选B项。 二、完形填空 Everyone was taking notes, but a giggling drew my attention. Walking over to the ____22____, I asked for her note. ____23____, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the soundless ____24____ between teacher and student. Eventually, she handed it over. It was a hand-drawn picture of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m silly” coming out of my mouth. I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, ____25____, was working angrily as I ____26____ not to cry. Fortunately, I was able to keep myself ____27____. I said nothing until there were about six minutes remaining. I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how ____28____ this was for me. Then I told them to ____29____ anything they wanted to tell me. As I read the notes later, many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing ____30____ you,” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.” But there were two notes saying something like I was too strict, and I ____31____ certain people too much. ____32____ I thought I was driving them to success, I was ____33____ pushing them away. I had to apologize. But the next day, one girl handed me a card ____34____ by all the students expressing sincere regret for the ugly joke and asked for ____35____. This was a lesson for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the ____36____, but it does enlarge the future. 22. A. troublemaker B. classmate C. individual D. painter 23. A. Angry B. Frozen C. Disappointed D. Curious 24. A. argument B. competition C. battle D. dialogue 25. A. however B. therefore C. meanwhile D. otherwise 26. A. determined B. refused C. promised D. struggled 27. A. relieved B. relaxed C. pleased D. controlled 28. A. embarrassing B. hurtful C. confusing D. ridiculous 29. A. write down B. give away C. hand in D. make up 30. A. for B. from C. against D. at 31. A. disturbed B. lectured C. teased D. frightened 32. A. When B. As C. While D. Since 33. A. completely B. actually C. instantly D. consequently 34. A. printed B. offered C. sent D. signed 35. A. forgiveness B. gratitude C. conversation D. company 36. A. lesson B. principle C. past D. present 【答案】22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了发生在课堂上的一件小事。学生在课堂上画漫画讽刺老师，被老师发现，老师平和地处理了这件事并了解了原因，最终得到学生诚挚的道歉。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走到那个年轻的捣乱者面前，要她的纸条。A. troublemaker捣乱者，惹麻烦的人；B. classmate同班同学；C. individual个人；D. painter画家。根据文章第一句“Everyone was taking notes, but a giggling drew my attention. ”可知这个学生扰乱了课堂，所以troublemaker符合题意，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她呆住了，拒绝把纸条给我。A. Angry生气的；B. Frozen僵住的、呆住的；C. Disappointed失望的；D. Curious好奇的。根据下文“I waited, all attention in the classroom on the soundless ____3____ between teacher and student.”以及“ It was a hand-drawn picture of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m silly” coming out of my mouth.”可知学生纸上画的是滑稽的漫画来讽刺老师，当老师要这张纸时，学生吓呆了，拒绝给老师，所以frozen符合句意。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我等待着，教室里所有的注意力都集中在师生之间无声的较量上。A. argument争论，争吵；B. competition竞争；比赛；C. battle较量，战争；D. dialogue对话。由上句的“she refused to give it to me.”以及此句中的“I waited”可知师生都没有让步，所以这是一场无声的较量，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的大脑在发狂，我努力不让自己哭出来。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. meanwhile与此同时，在此期间；D. otherwise否则。由上文的“I managed to fold it up calmly.”可知此句与上文是转折关系，所以however“然而”符合语意。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的大脑在发狂，我努力不让自己哭出来。A. determined确定，下定决心；B. refused拒绝；C. promised许诺，承诺；D. struggled奋斗，努力。根据上文“It was a hand-drawn picture of me, teeth blackened and the words ‘I’m silly’ coming out of my mouth. I managed to fold it up calmly.”可知学生画的是滑稽漫画讽刺作者，作者努力使自己保持平静，所以此句指的是作者努力不让自己哭出来，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我控制住了自己。A. relieved 感到宽慰的，放心的；B. relaxed放松的；C. pleased高兴的，满意的；D. controlled保持冷静的，克制的。根据句中的“Fortunately”以及下文“I said nothing until there were about six minutes remaining.”可知作者控制住了自己的情绪，让自己保持冷静。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉他们这对我来说有多伤人时，他们都沉默了。A. embarrassing使人尴尬的；B. hurtful伤感情的，伤自尊的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. ridiculous荒谬的。由下文“I’m sorry you were hurt.”可知漫画让作者感到很受伤，hurtful符合句意。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后我让他们把想告诉我的都写下来。A. write down写下；B. give away赠送；C. hand in提交，呈送；D. make up组成，化妆，编造。由下文“As I read the notes later”可知作者让学生把想说的在纸上写下来。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：当我后来读到这些纸条时，他们中的许多人说了类似这样的话：“我对你没有任何敌意，”或“很抱歉你受到了伤害。”A. for为了，支持；B. from从……起，来自；C. against反对，与……相反，针对；D. at在……，（用于速度、比率等）以，达。根据下文“‘I’m sorry you were hurt.’ But there were two notes saying something like I was too strict, and I__10__ certain people too much.”可知大多数学生都没有什么要针对老师的，只是因为老师太严厉，让某些学生害怕，against符合句意。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有两张纸条说我太严格了，我让某些人感到害怕。A. disturbed打扰；B. lectured演讲，授课；C. teased取笑，戏弄；D. frightened使惊吓。由上文“there were two notes saying something like I was too strict,”以及下文“I was ____12____ pushing them away.”可知作者对学生很严厉，让一些学生害怕，让学生不敢接触老师。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我以为我在推动他们走向成功时，我实际上是在把他们推开。A. When在……时候；B. As当……时（强调一边……，一边），因为，照……方式；C. While当……的时候（用于延续性动词），然而（表示对比），尽管；D. Since自从……、既然。根据句中“___11___ I thought I was driving them to success”以及句意可知在作者以为正在推动学生走向成功时，实际上是在推开他们，when既可用于短暂性动词，也可用于延续性动词，符合题意，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我以为我在推动他们走向成功时，我实际上是在把他们推开。A. completely完全地；B. actually实际上；C. instantly立刻；D. consequently因此。根据句意可知作者现在知道对学生过于严厉的结果是让学生远离，作者在句中强调事实，actually符合句意。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但第二天，一个女孩递给我一张卡片，上面有所有学生签名，对这个有敌意的玩笑表示真诚的歉意，并请求原谅。A. printed印刷，出版。B. offered提供，提出；C. sent送，寄出；D. signed署名。根据空前“a card”和空后的“by all the students”以及常识可知这是一张有全部学生签名的卡片，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第二天，一个女孩递给我一张卡片，上面有所有学生签名，对这个有敌意的玩笑表示真诚的歉意，并请求原谅。A. forgiveness宽恕；B. gratitude感谢；C. conversation谈话；D. company公司，陪伴。根据句中的“expressing sincere regret for the ugly joke”以及下文“Forgiveness does not change the ____15____,”可知学生们表达歉意并恳求老师原谅，故选A。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：宽恕不能改变过去，但能拓宽未来。A. lesson课，教训；B. principle准则，原则；C. past过去；D. present现在，礼物。根据文章可知无论是老师的过于严厉，还是学生的滑稽漫画都是过去，所以填“past”与下文的“enlarge the future”相对应。故选C。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne leads two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. There they learn to get in touch with their true feelings. Lehanne’s psychology cafe is trying to help the city’s ____37____(trouble) neighborhood cafes. In the past few years, Parisian cafes ____38____(become) victims due to changes in the French lifestyle - longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend ____39____(they) time at home. Luckily, dozens of new theme cafes appear ____40____(change) the situation. Cafes focused on psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, ____41____(fill) tables well into the evening. The city’s “psychology cafes”, ____42____ offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, ____43____(angry), and dreams with a psychologist. “There’s ____44____ strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice, a cafe regular who works ____45____ a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. _____46_____ they need is to open up.” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist,” she says. 【答案】37. troublesome 38. have become 39. their 40. to change 41. filling 42. which 43. anger 44. a 45. as 46. What 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎的心理咖啡馆的变化情况。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Lehanne的心理咖啡馆正努力帮助这个城市麻烦不断的社区咖啡馆。结合句意及空后的neighborhood cafes可知空处应填形容词形式troublesome，作定语，修饰名词neighborhood cafes。故填troublesome。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，由于法国人生活方式的改变——工作时间的延长、快餐的繁荣以及年轻一代想待在家里的愿望，巴黎的咖啡馆成了受害者。结合句意可知空处为谓语动词，时间状语In the past few years意为“在过去的几年里”经常和现在完成时连用，句子主语Parisian cafes为复数，所以空处应填have become。故填have become。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意：在过去的几年里，由于法国人生活方式的改变——工作时间的延长、快餐的繁荣以及年轻一代想待在家里的愿望，巴黎的咖啡馆成了受害者。结合句意及空后的名词time可知应填形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填their。 【40题详解】 考查不定式。句意：幸运的是，几十家新的主题咖啡馆似乎改变了这种情况。结合句意表达“似乎做某事”用appear to do。故填to change。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：以心理学、历史和工程学为主题的咖啡馆也很受欢迎，一直到晚上都人满为患。分析句子结构及句意可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，句子主语Cafes与fill之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填filling。 【42题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这座城市的“心理咖啡馆”提供了极大的安慰，是最受欢迎的地方之一。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为The city’s “psychology cafes”，从句缺主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：中年家庭主妇、退休人员、无业人士等人来到这样的咖啡馆，与心理医生谈论爱、愤怒、梦想。结合句意空处应填名词形式anger，与空前的love以及空后的dream并列作宾语。故填anger。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“巴黎对交流有强烈的需求，”莫里斯说，他是咖啡馆的常客，在附近的教堂担任宗教指导员。表示“一种需求”应用不定冠词，且strong的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：“巴黎对交流有强烈的需求，”莫里斯说，他是咖啡馆的常客，在附近的教堂担任宗教指导员。结合句意空处应填介词as，work as意为“担任”，固定搭配。故填as。 【46题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：他们需要的是开放。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指代事物，应用引导词what，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 四、书信写作 47. 假设你是李华，暑假在纽约学习，从网上得知当地博物馆要举办中国传统服装展览(Clothing Exhibition)，正在招募志愿者。请写一封申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.个人特长； 3.表达期待。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, Knowing from the Internet that an exhibition of traditional Chinese clothing is going to be held in a local museum and some volunteers are needed, I’m writing to be one of them. The reasons why I think I am qualified for the job are as follows. To begin with, I am not only a Chinese but also interested in clothing design and I have a good command of traditional Chinese clothing. In addition, I am a fluent English speaker, which is beneficial to communicate with others. Last but not least, it is a great honor for me to spread our culture and improve the culture exchange between our two countries. I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Look forward to your early reply. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给纽约博物馆的中国传统服装展览的负责人写封信，申请当志愿者。 【详解】1.词汇积累 展览：exhibition→display 需要：need→want 有益的：beneficial→helpful 此外：in addition→what’s more 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Knowing from the Internet that an exhibition of traditional Chinese clothing is going to be held in a local museum and some volunteers are needed, I’m writing to be one of them. 拓展句：Knowing the news that an exhibition of traditional Chinese clothing is going to be held in a local museum and some volunteers are needed from the Internet, I’m writing to be one of them. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The reasons why I think I am qualified for the job are as follows. (运用了why引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] In addition, I am a fluent English speaker, which is beneficial to communicate with others. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 五、书面表达 48. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I grew up in a small town where the primary school was a ten-minute walk from my house. When the noon bell rang, I would race breathlessly home. My mother would be standing at the top of the stairs, smiling down at me. One lunchtime when I was in the third grade will stay with me always. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had rehearsed (排练) my lines so hard with me. But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s (旁白的) part to the play, and asked me to change roles. Her words, kindly expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day and the rose vine (藤蔓) was turning green. Under the huge trees, we could see yellow dandelions (蒲公英) in the grass in bunch, as if a painter had touched our landscape with gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, pulling it up by its roots. “From now on, we’ll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful-even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” She asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled. 注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Paragraph 1 “But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said, encouraging and comforting me as usual. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 After the play, I took home the flower. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 “But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said, encouraging and comforting me as usual. “You just haven’t been ready for the stage performance.” Seeing the sadness on my face soften a little, she added, “Why not take the narrator’s part as an opportunity to be familiar with the stage?” Her encouragement calmed me down gradually, and I began to accept the narrator’s part was of vital significance. Soon it was the big day. At first I was still nervous, but then I found a dandelion in my pocket. I knew my mom passed the flower to me, hoping it would be my lucky charm. Paragraph 2 After the play, I took home the flower. Mom carefully gazed at the dandelion, gently pressed it into the dictionary and grinned happily at me. “We were perhaps the only people who would press such a sorry-looking weed.” Though decades have passed, I often recall our walk in the yard. Her smile and her words of wisdom have stayed with me and shaped me into who I am now! And this is perhaps the best gift that I’ve ever received in my life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候参加学校的戏剧表演，因严重怯场不得不放弃主演的角色，换作幕后的旁白；母亲看到了作者的失落，于是用院子里蒲公英和蔷薇都很美丽这个道理来开导作者。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘但你会是一个美丽的叙述者，’她说，像往常一样鼓励和安慰我。”可知，第一段可描写母亲成功说服作者接受成为叙述者的过程，让作者明白小角色也很重要，也可以绽放美丽，且作者演出那天发现了母亲给的蒲公英。 ②由第二段首句内容“表演完，我把花带回家了。”可知，第二段可描写作者把蒲公英带回家及这朵蒲公英对作者产生了什么影响。 2.续写线索：母亲鼓励和安慰作者——母亲说服作者成为叙述者——演出那天作者发现了蒲公英——作者把蒲公英带回家——作者和母亲关于蒲公英的对话——蒲公英对作者产生了的影响 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①为……做好准备：be ready for / make preparations for ②发现：find / spot ③凝视：gaze at / stare at 情绪类 ①让某人冷静下来：calm sb. down / cool sb. down ②紧张的：nervous / tense ③高兴地：happily / with delight 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I knew my mom passed the flower to me, hoping it would be my lucky charm. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]. We were perhaps the only people who would press such a sorry-looking weed. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省扬州中学联培部2023届二模考试 英语（英才E） 2023. 4 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题, 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In 2013 Mr. Baugher planted 7,000 Fuji apple trees in the orchard (果园).Three years later,just when the trees should have been bearing fruit, he noticed that a few of them had yellow leaves. Within weeks they were dead. The next year，the problem spread to more than a few trees. By last year,2,000 of Mr Baugher’s 7,000 new trees were dead. Mr. Baugher has the worst case of"rapid apple decline" (RAD)in the county, but he is not alone. The mysterious disease has been troubling growers across America's northeast for at least six years. Kari Peter, a fruit-tree specialist first observed massive die-offs in her research orchard in 2013. She came up with the term"RAD". But her attempts to explain it have not produced much fruit. The usual reasons for the death of tree-mould infestation, a known virus, disease, an early frost-didn't fit symptoms. Her investigation only ruled things out. The dead trees tend to be younger: two to eight-years-old. They are nearing he prime of production. Dwarf trees, which are commonly used by commercial growers, seem to be the most subject. Historically, orchards held 600-700 apple trees an acre, but most are now high producing dwarf trees, which are more compact. Growers plant 1, 200-1, 500 trees per acre. Working with the Department of Agriculture Kan found a new hidden apple virus in the infected trees. But they cannot be sure if this new virus has any connection with the decline. Researchers at Cormell University found that severe cold followed by drought (旱灾)could have weakened the trees leaving them subject to viruses.Other scientists think that herbicides may be to blame. Dan Donahue, a fruit-tree specialist says it could be any or all of those theories. In a recent sampling, he found that 64% of young trees had hidden viruses. These do not show symptoms, but they could affect vitality. Older, larger apple trees were better at shrugging off the viruses. RAD is a big worry for the apple growers. Customer taste is changing. Traditional varieties like Red Delicious are no longer a customer favourite, so growers are having to invest in new varieties. Few of the orchard growers are able to absorb the economic losses. Mr. Baugher found some relief in the Tree Assistance Programme, through which the federal government provides financial assistance to orchard-owners whose trees are damaged by natural disasters. The sudden death of apple trees may not seem as dramatic as a hurricane, but it is perhaps even more dangerous. Americans have given considerably more before in the defense of apple pie. 1. The underlined word"compact"is closest in meaning to . A. complex B. dense C. remote D. regular 2. What can be learned about Kari Peter? A. It took her six years to come up with the term RAD. B. Her research led to a breakthrough in apple cultivation. C. She failed to find out the definite cause of RAD. D. She was the first scientist to research apple trees. 3. Based on the various researches, RAD may be caused by the following EXCEPT . A. extreme weather B. a new virus C. way of tree cultivation D. location of the orchard 4. What can be inferred from the passage? A. RAD adds to the pressure on the already struggling apple growers. B. RAD doesn't qualify orchard growers for financial assistance. C. The government needs to fund more research into RAD. D. Apple growers should have stuck to traditional varieties. B Albert Einstein’s 1915 masterpiece The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity is the first and still the best introduction to the subject, but it probably wouldn’t be publishable in a scientific journal today. Why not? After all, it undoubtedly would pass the tests of correctness and significance. And while it’s believed that the paper was incomprehensible to its first readers, in fact many papers in theoretical physics are much more difficult. As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote, “There was a time when the newspapers said that only 1.2 men understood the theory of relativity, which is not true. After reading the paper, a lot of people understood the theory of relativity in some way or other, certainly more than 1.2.” No, the problem is its style. It starts with a leisurely philosophical discussion of space and time and then continues with an explanation of known mathematics. Those two sections, which would be considered extraneous today, take up half the paper. Worse, there are zero citations of previous scientists’ work, nor are there any graphs. Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors. A similar process of professionalisation has transformed other parts of the scientific landscape. Requests for research time at major laboratories are more strictly structured. And anything involving work with human objects, or putting instruments in space, involves piles of paperwork. We see it also in the Regeneron Science Talent Search, the Nobel Prize of high school science competitions. In the early decades of its history, the winning projects were usually the sort of clever but naive, amateurish efforts one might expect of talented beginners working on their own. Today, polished work coming out of internships at established laboratories is the norm. These professionalising tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modern science. Standardisation and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people. But there are serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops (繁文缛节). Of course, Einstein would have found his way to meeting modern standards and publishing his results. Its scientific core wouldn’t have changed, but the paper might not be the same taste to read. 5. According to Richard Feynman, which statement about Einstein’s 1915 paper is true? A. It attracted few professionals. B. It turned out to be comprehensible. C. It needed further improvement. D. It was a classic in theoretical physics. 6. What does the underlined word “extraneous” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Unrealistic. B. Imprecise. C. Unattractive. D. Irrelevant. 7. According to the author, what is affected as modern science develops? A. The selection of young talents. B. The evaluation of laboratories. C. The principle of scientific research. D. The application of research findings. 8. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. How to write quality papers? B. Will science be professionalised? C. Could Einstein’s Work Get Published Today? D. How will modern science make advances? C There are few spectacles more unpleasant than a television presenter trying to hang on to a job. When one of the presenters of the BBC program Crimewatch resigned recently, rather than suffer the inevitable indignity of being unfinished and replaced by a younger version, he made the usual hurt noises about his masters' overemphasis on youth. People in the media listened sympathetically before he slid from view to join the ranks of television's has-beens. The presenter's argument, that the views don't care how old you are so long as you can “do the job,” unfortunately is not backed up by the evidence. When you're on TV, viewers are always thinking about whether you're losing your hair or your figure and, lately, whether you've had cosmetic work done. This is what they're actually doing when you think they're listening to the wise things you say. Viewers actually don't understand much of what the job involves, they just see you sitting there looking the part. Like the ability to pet one's head while rubbing one's stomach, TV presenting is just one of those sills. Some of those who possess this skill can hit the big name, inevitably as they become more attached to the lifestyle this brings, however, the more likely they are to overstate the skill. In reality, if somebody is paying you a lot of money to do a job, it's often on the tacit （心照不宣的） understanding that you may be fired suddenly-it's part of the deal. Unlike football managers, TV presenters pretend not to understand this. If they've had many years being paid silly sums to read a script from an autocue （ 自动题词机），it's difficult for them to accept that they've been the beneficiary of good fortune rather than anything else; even harder to face the fact that an editor could all too easily send them to the shopping channels. Something similar eventually awaits all the people who are currently making fortunes that would have been unimaginable to earlier generations of presenters. One day we'll decide that their face no longer fits and they'll be dragged away complaining about the same ageist policy from which they no doubt previously profited. Show business is a brutal （残忍的） business. The one thing it reliably punishes is age, particularly among women. That's why, at the age of fifty, female TV presenters become female radio presenters and why girl bands planning to re-form need to get it done before they're forty, after which it will get too hard for everyone to suspend their collective disbelief. 9. What does the writer imply about the Crimewatch presenter he mentions in the first paragraph? A. He was unwise to resign when he did. B. He will soon be forgotten by the viewers. C. He may well have had a valid point to make. D. He was treated insensitively by his employers. 10. The underlined pronoun “this” in paragraph 2 refers to________. A. a public image B. a level of success C. an overstatement D. a common misunderstanding 11. Why does the writer mention football managers in paragraph 3? A. To support his view that presenters are overpaid. B. To stress how important luck is in certain occupations. C. To show how relatively secure TV presents are in their jobs. D. To illustrate a general rule that applies to certain types of job. 12. According to the writer, TV personalities who may worry about ageism ________. A. should look for work in other forms of broadcasting B. may have benefited from it themselves at some point C. are less well respected than presenters of the past D. are being unfair to up-and-coming younger colleagues D Walking over water might sound unbelievable. In fact, people do it all the time. How? Almost all of the world’s liquid fresh water that is called groundwater lies underground. Earth is a water planet, but most of its water is in the oceans. Only about 2.5 percent of the planet’s water is fresh water, of which nearly 69 percent is frozen in glaciers (冰川) and ice caps and about 30 percent is groundwater-much more than the 1.2 percent that flows through rivers and fills lakes. Groundwater is found almost everywhere on Earth. It hides under mountains, plains and even deserts. Tiny gaps between rocks and soil grains take in and hold this water like a sponge (海绵), forming buried bodies of water called aquifers (地下蓄水层). Together, they hold about 60 times as much water as the world’s lakes and rivers combined. Groundwater is a key part of the earth’s water cycle. Rain and melted snow go down into the ground. The water can stay there for thousands of years. Some groundwater naturally runs out onto the earth’s surface through springs. It also flows into lakes, rivers and wetlands. People get groundwater through wells for drinking, watering crops and other uses. As human-caused climate change dries out parts of the planet, demand for groundwater may rise. At the same time, climate change may increase storms. Heavier rain is more likely to rush straight into streams and storm drains, instead of going into the soil. So, there may be less groundwater around. Many of the world’s aquifers already seem to be drying up. Twenty-one of the earth’s 37 biggest aquifers are becoming smaller, satellite data show. The most dried-out aquifers are near big cities, farms, or dry regions. As groundwater stores dwindle, they hold less water to refill rivers and streams, thus threatening freshwater ecosystems. 13. What can we know about groundwater from Paragraph 3? A. It will end up in rivers and seas. B. It’s mainly stored in wet regions. C. It’s mainly kept in the form of aquifers. D. It runs out onto the earth’s surface regularly. 14. Why does climate change result in less groundwater according to the text? A. It makes heavier rain go into the soil. B. It raises the temperature and increases daytime. C. It causes glaciers to disappear faster than ever. D. It allows less rain to go underground directly. 15. What does the underlined word “dwindle” in the last paragraph mean? A. Decrease. B. Change. C. Develop. D. Form. 16. What is the best title of the passage? A. The threat from climate change B. The water cycle in the world C. The decrease of groundwater D. Water crisis on the planet For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). ____17____ Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale. ____18____ Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. ____19____ “I used to hate parties and I was distant from my friends.” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition. Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. ____20____ Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. ____21____ There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.” A. Songs sound like noise to an amusic. B. Now she knows that she is not alone. C. The notes sound different to an amusic. D. She felt lonely while staying away from others. E. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. F. Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. G. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors. 二、完形填空 Everyone was taking notes, but a giggling drew my attention. Walking over to the ____22____, I asked for her note. ____23____, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the soundless ____24____ between teacher and student. Eventually, she handed it over. It was a hand-drawn picture of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m silly” coming out of my mouth. I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, ____25____, was working angrily as I ____26____ not to cry. Fortunately, I was able to keep myself ____27____. I said nothing until there were about six minutes remaining. I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how ____28____ this was for me. Then I told them to ____29____ anything they wanted to tell me. As I read the notes later, many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing ____30____ you,” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.” But there were two notes saying something like I was too strict, and I ____31____ certain people too much. ____32____ I thought I was driving them to success, I was ____33____ pushing them away. I had to apologize. But the next day, one girl handed me a card ____34____ by all the students expressing sincere regret for the ugly joke and asked for ____35____. This was a lesson for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the ____36____, but it does enlarge the future. 22. A. troublemaker B. classmate C. individual D. painter 23. A. Angry B. Frozen C. Disappointed D. Curious 24. A. argument B. competition C. battle D. dialogue 25. A. however B. therefore C. meanwhile D. otherwise 26. A. determined B. refused C. promised D. struggled 27. A. relieved B. relaxed C. pleased D. controlled 28. A. embarrassing B. hurtful C. confusing D. ridiculous 29. A. write down B. give away C. hand in D. make up 30. A. for B. from C. against D. at 31. A. disturbed B. lectured C. teased D. frightened 32. A. When B. As C. While D. Since 33. A. completely B. actually C. instantly D. consequently 34. A. printed B. offered C. sent D. signed 35. A. forgiveness B. gratitude C. conversation D. company 36. A. lesson B. principle C. past D. present 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne leads two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. There they learn to get in touch with their true feelings. Lehanne’s psychology cafe is trying to help the city’s ____37____(trouble) neighborhood cafes. In the past few years, Parisian cafes ____38____(become) victims due to changes in the French lifestyle - longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend ____39____(they) time at home. Luckily, dozens of new theme cafes appear ____40____(change) the situation. Cafes focused on psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, ____41____(fill) tables well into the evening. The city’s “psychology cafes”, ____42____ offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, ____43____(angry), and dreams with a psychologist. “There’s ____44____ strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice, a cafe regular who works ____45____ a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. _____46_____ they need is to open up.” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist,” she says. 四、书信写作 47. 假设你是李华，暑假在纽约学习，从网上得知当地博物馆要举办中国传统服装展览(Clothing Exhibition)，正在招募志愿者。请写一封申请信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.个人特长； 3.表达期待。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 五、书面表达 48. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I grew up in a small town where the primary school was a ten-minute walk from my house. When the noon bell rang, I would race breathlessly home. My mother would be standing at the top of the stairs, smiling down at me. One lunchtime when I was in the third grade will stay with me always. I had been picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had rehearsed (排练) my lines so hard with me. But no matter how easily I acted at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s (旁白的) part to the play, and asked me to change roles. Her words, kindly expressed, still hurt, especially when I saw my part go to another girl. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed my pain. Instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day and the rose vine (藤蔓) was turning green. Under the huge trees, we could see yellow dandelions (蒲公英) in the grass in bunch, as if a painter had touched our landscape with gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one dandelion. “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, pulling it up by its roots. “From now on, we’ll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful-even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” She asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. She listened and smiled. 注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Paragraph 1 “But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said, encouraging and comforting me as usual. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 After the play, I took home the flower. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $