课标派生词强化练及续写必备 清单-2025届高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

一.课标派生词强化练（画线部分必备） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 派生词　第一组 1.能力;能够的,有才能的;使能够;残疾的;残疾 ①Contestants were grouped according to age and ability. ②He is an able and right-minded man. ③Ramps have been built to ease access for the disabled. ④The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. ⑤With the help of her teacher, she had the courage and determination to rise above her physical disability. ⑥I’m writing to apologise to you for my being unable to make an appointment with you as scheduled due to the upcoming speech contest. 2.正常的;正常地;不正常的 ①It’s normal to feel tired after such a long trip. ②He is normally a very calm and collected person,but today he seems quite nervous. ③They thought his behaviour was abnormal. 3.接受;认同;可接受的 ①Please accept our sincere apologies for the inconvenience caused by carelessness.  ②Please confirm your acceptance of this offer in writing. ③It is acceptable for students to watch TV, as long as within the given time. 4.通道,(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会;可使用的;难以达到的 ①You need a password to get access to the computer system. ②Computers are accessible to teachers and students in most schools. ③They live in a remote area, inaccessible except by car. 5.完成,实现;成就;有才华的,有造诣的 ①If we all work together, I think we will accomplish our goal. ②It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support. ③She is an accomplished painter and a prolific author of stories for children. 6.精确度;精确的;精确地 ①The article is an accurate reflection of events that day. ②It will be many years before anyone can predict a hurricane’s behaviour with much accuracy. ③That’s a powerful lesson on how important it can be to accurately communicate with each other. 7.行动,行为;积极的,活跃的;积极地,活跃地;活动 ①The girl’s life was saved because the doctors acted so promptly. ②Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. ③For lovers of the great outdoors, activities range from running to bird watching. ④With three active little kids running around, there was plenty to keep me busy. ⑤It represents their ability to actively interact with people around them. 8.使适应,适应,改编(本);能适应的 ①It took him a while to adapt himself to the new surroundings. ②He is an adaptable man and will soon learn the new work. ③It is an adaptation of Cixin Liu’s The Wandering Earth. 9.增加,添加;加法,增加;附加的,另外的 ①If you add all these amounts together,you will get a huge figure. ②We have all kinds of beverages in addition to fruit juices. ③He wanted to have a source of income after his retirement; until then, he wouldn’t require additional money. 10.上瘾的,入迷的;上瘾,沉溺;使人上瘾的 ①I want to apply for the job of volunteering in the Music Festival because I’m addicted to music. ②Your friends are also responsible for the addiction. ③Video film-making can quickly become addictive. 派生词　第二组 1.足够,充分;足够的,充分的;足够地,充分地 ①I firmly believe that my experience is adequate to take up this job. ②Any room where gas is used must be adequately supplied with air. ③If the nickname does not boost your child’s feeling of adequacy, it’s best not to use it. 2.调整,调节,适应;可调整的 ①It’s extremely hard for me to adjust to a new environment in such a short time. ②She was praised for her ability to convey subtle adjustment of emotion. ③Thus, we gave up cooking over a fire for the more temperature adjustable stove. 3.收养,领养;采用,采纳,正式通过;领养的 ①We argued her into the adoption of the plan. ②He was brought up by adoptive parents in Kentucky. ③All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem. 4.打广告;广告(业);广告商 ①The target audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.I’d like to apply for the position you advertised in China Daily. ②Outdoor advertising provides the advertiser with the largest colourful display of the product, package, trade mark, and slogan. 5.建议;顾问,指导教师;可取的,明智的 ①They advise that a passport should be always carried with you. ②Students may have the opportunity of selecting the adviser that they prefer. ③It is advisable to take regular exercise for it is crucial to people’s physical and mental health.  6.赞同,一致;同意,协议;不同意;分歧,争论,不一致 ①We agreed that the proposal was a good one. ②I really want to have a pet dog, but my mother disagrees. ③It has been proved that lack of understanding is a leading fact to disagreement among people. ④After much hard bargaining we reached an agreement. 7.使惊奇,使惊叹;令人惊叹的;惊奇;惊讶 ①What amazed her was that he could be so calm at such a time. ②It’s amazing to meet an old friend in a foreign country.  ③She looked at him in amazement, unable to utter a single word. ④You would be amazed at how much my parents love baseball. 8.逗人发笑的;感到逗乐的;欢乐,娱乐 ①His amusing performance caused a roar of laughter from the audience. ②Her eyes twinkled with amusement at the funny news.  ③People all over the world are greatly amused by the man with a moustache. 9.生气,愤怒;发怒的,生气的;气愤地,愤怒地 ①Her teacher’s eyes narrowed angrily. ②She just managed to hold back her anger. ③There is no need to be angry with others about the mistakes they unconsciously make. 10.宣布,宣告;通告;播音员 ①We waited with bated breath for the winner to be announced. ②I wonder if you could tell me a little bit about your job as a radio announcer. ③The school made an announcement about an upcoming English speech contest, which made me excited. 派生词　第三组 1.使恼怒,使烦恼;令人讨厌的;恼怒的,烦恼的;恼怒,烦恼 ①He was beginning to get very annoyed with me about my carelessness. ②I owe you an apology; you must have found my attitude very annoying. ③She was cross and stamped her foot in annoyance. ④It annoys me when someone takes everything for granted. 2.焦虑,不安;焦虑的,急切的;焦虑地,急切地 ①She was anxious to finish school and get a job. ②A flood of anxiety sweeping over her, she was at a loss what to do. ③“Come along, Mole,” he said anxiously, as soon as he caught sight of them. 3.外貌;出现;表现得;消失 ①He didn’t appear at all surprised at the news. ②She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character. ③The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. ④The girl started to run and then disappeared around the corner. 4.申请,应用;申请人;申请(表) ①A large number of people have applied for the job. ②Applicants should keep an eye on the deadline for submitting your applications. 5.任命,委派,约定;预约;约定的;失望;失望的 ①Thank you for appointing me as the chairman of the Students’ Union. ②After what seemed like an hour, she dashed off to keep an appointment. ③I called that man again on Friday, July 26, 2024 as appointed. ④I was disappointed at the result of the basketball game because we played so well yet still lost. ⑤In spite of his disappointment,he managed a weak smile. 6.赞成,批准;不赞同,反对 ①Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and approval. ②He had made no secret of his disapproval and disappointment. ③Most people no longer approve of smoking in public places. 7.使联系,结交;同事;协会;有关联的,相关的 ①I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood. ②There is a close business association between the two companies. ③He is one of my associates at the store. ④He is closely associated in the public mind with action movies. 8.使惊讶;惊讶;感到吃惊的;惊人的 ①I spotted a shooting star which, to my astonishment, was bright green in colour. ②I find it absolutely astonishing that you didn’t like it. ③The ending of the novel will astonish you. ④Peter, lifting his head, stared at the grandma with round, astonished eyes. 9.系,贴,连接,重视;喜爱,依恋;附件;喜欢的,依恋的 ①It must be stressed that we should attach great importance to environmental protection. ②When you send an e-mail you can also send a file as an attachment and that file can be a graphic, a program, a sound or whatever. ③She is very attached to her family and friends. 10.意识到的;未意识到的;认识,意识 ①It’s important that students develop an awareness of how the Internet can be used. ②Everyone should be aware of the significance and urgency of the environmental protection. ③It was obvious that he was completely unaware of the whole affair. 派生词　第四组 1.可获得的,有空的;不可获得的;有效地 ①Funds are available to assist students who want to attend the competition. ②When it comes to me,these two books are unavailable.What a pity! ③How to resolve this problem availably has become the point that the scholars study. 2.得到,获得;可获得的;获得,达到 ①Some are attainable to the average consumers and some aren’t. ②The important thing in life is to have a great goal and the determination to attain it. ③The attainment of his ambitions was still a dream. 3.以……为基础;基本的;基本上地;基础,根据;地下室,地库 ①Based on my own experience, you’ll pick up a language faster if you speak it as much as possible. ②She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications. ③As far as I can tell,Jason is basically a nice guy. ④People need basic education if they are to become employable. ⑤Allen is in the basement trying to repair the washing machine. 4.美化;美丽;美丽的;漂亮地 ①We should spare no effort to beautify our environment, because it is shared by all the human beings. ②Beautiful music came floating out of the window, immersing me in the charm of it. ③The hotel is beautifully situated in a quiet spot near the river. ④The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings. 5.开始,启动;开端;新手,初学者 ①To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be carefully prepared before the exam. ②Then I can find that even a beginner has something to teach me. ③I’ve been keeping a diary from the beginning of my high school. 6.相信;信念;不信任 ①There is a common belief that technology has changed people’s life in many aspects.  ②We all believed that work was the key to success. ③She gazed at him in horrified disbelief. 7.受益;有益的;有益地 ①I’m writing to express our gratitude to you for we’ve all benefited from the lecture you gave yesterday. ②Efficient learning skills are beneficial to acquiring new language. ③It is a high focused problem by people that how to utilize the wood resource high beneficially. 8.明亮地;聪颖的,优秀的;聪颖,优秀 ①The game started in brilliant sunshine but during halftime fog closed in. ②She loved his brilliance and his generous heart. ③Many of the patterns show brilliantly coloured flowers. 9.呼吸;气喘吁吁的 ①When you feel nervous, you can take a deep breath to calm yourself down. ②Once the test passed, everyone breathed a sigh of relief. ③I was a little breathless and my heartbeat was bumpy and fast. 10.勇敢的;勇敢;勇敢地 ①We must face them bravely and solve them. ②She has been given a bravery award by her school. ③She was a very brave girl and everyone who knew her admired her spirit. 派生词　第五组 1.计算,预测;估计;计算器 ①You’ll need to calculate how much time the assignment will take. ②I can’t work it out in my head—I need a calculator. ③Then she did a rough calculation before giving her comment. 2.细心的;细心地;小心;细心;粗心的;粗心地 ①Someone had carelessly left a window open. ②We’ll be more careful with money if we know how hard it is to earn money. ③You need to think very carefully about which course you want to choose. ④I could have gained full marks,but I was too careless and made a spelling mistake. ⑤The boy is appreciated by his teacher for his carefulness in his homework. 3.小心,谨慎;小心谨慎的;小心谨慎地 ①They expressed cautious optimism about a solution to the crisis. ②She looked cautiously around and then walked away from the house. ③We should express our advice with caution because words can hurt. 4.庆祝,赞扬,赞美;著名的;庆祝活动 ①Chinese New Year is a celebration marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. ②—Maybe we could celebrate tonight. —What did you have in mind? ③He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England. 5.化学的;化学品;化学;化学家 ①The chemist says he always has a passion for science. ②His father worked as a packer in a local chemical factory. ③I hope to go to medical school eventually.In the meanwhile,I am going to study chemistry. 6.收集,收藏,募集;收藏品,募捐;集体企业,共同的 ①The old man collected his belongings and left. ②A collection of paintings by different famous painters is on exhibition at the museum. ③The clock brought order and control, both collective and personal. 7.安慰,舒服,慰藉;舒适的;不舒适的;舒服地 ①She shifted into a more comfortable position on the chair. ②Sitting down comfortably,the two men passed their time by chatting,taking a sip now and then. ③He still finds it uncomfortable to stand without support. ④The children have been a great comfort to me through all of this. 8.命令,统率,掌握;指挥官;指挥的,威严的 ①Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English. ②His father was a tall,commanding man with a waxed grey moustache. ③He would relay the information to his commander. 9.沟通,交流,传播;通信,交际,表达;乐意沟通的 ①With the help of the Internet, it is convenient for people to communicate with each other. ②Thanks to the interpreter, our communication with the foreigners went smoothly. ③She has become a lot more tolerant and communicative. 派生词　第六组 1.比较,对比;比较,比拟 ①Listen,if you always compare yourself with others,you’ll never feel good enough. ②My favourite season is autumn because the weather is more agreeable by comparison with summer. ③I was at a disadvantage compared to the younger members of the team. 2.竞争,对抗;竞赛,角逐;竞争者;竞争的;能力,胜任 ①One of the competitors won the individual silver medal. ②Having competed with many others,she got a job in a big company. ③He was on a real high after winning the competition. ④I’m sure that you have the competence in finishing the task as planned. ⑤The match in the next round became a lot more competitive. 3.完整的,彻底的;使完整,填写;完成;完全地,彻底地 ①At first I completely misunderstood her intentions. ②He waited until complete quiet settled on the assembly. ③Satisfactory completion of the course does not ensure you a job. ④2,000 shoppers completed our questionnaires. 4.理解,领悟;详尽的,全部的,综合的;理解力,领悟能力 ①What Jock had done was beyond my comprehension. ②Extensive reading plays a crucial role in improving the comprehensive skills in our English learning. ③Before I comprehended what had happened,my friend had disappeared in the darkness. 5.专注,专心;集中注意力;决心要做的 ①Her brow furrowed in concentration. ②He made a concentrated effort to finish the work on time. ③I can’t concentrate with all that noise going on. 6.(使)忧虑,(使)担心;有牵连的,担忧的;关于 ①She was concerned that she might miss the turning and get lost. ②There is growing concern about the climate change. ③I am writing to you concerning the book that I bought from you two weeks ago. 7.指挥,实施,表现,引导,行为;列车长,职业指挥;传导 ①The negotiations have been conducted in a positive manner. ②He showed his ticket to the conductor and got on. ③It is significant for industry to study the heat conduction function of compound material. 8.信心,信任;自信的;安心地;自信地 ①He expressed his confidence that he would win. ②The teacher wants the children to feel confident about asking questions when they don’t understand. ③She played the piano confidently but her timing was not good. 9.使困惑,弄错;困惑,混淆;困惑的,不知所措的;令人困惑的,令人混淆的 ①They confused me with conflicting accounts of what happened. ②He looked at me in confusion and did not answer the question. ③From the teacher’s confused look, we could see that he hadn’t expected that we could raise such a confusing question to him.  10.随之发生的,作为结果的;结果,后果;因此,所以 ①The warming of the Earth and the consequent climatic changes affect us all. ②In consequence of his ill health,he lost the opportunity. ③In college,time is limited,and consequently,very precious. 派生词　第七组 1.仔细考虑,深思;考虑周到的,体贴的;相当多的;考虑到,认为 ①After careful consideration, we have decided to offer you the job. ②In my opinion,good friends have certain characteristics in common.They are considerate and humorous. ③This matter has assumed considerable importance. ④This award is considered to be a great honour to a girl of an early age. 2.由……构成;一贯的;前后不一致的 ①Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own. ②The results are entirely consistent with our earlier research. ③We had a terrific start to the season,but recently we’ve been inconsistent. 3.咨询;商议,商讨;顾问 ①Consult your doctor about how much exercise you should get. ②He was a consultant physician, a serious man dedicated to his calling. ③I made up my mind to major in English in the future after consultation with my parents and teachers. 4.反驳,相矛盾;矛盾,对立;不一致的 ①She does not like to contradict her friend in public. ②His public speeches are in direct contradiction to his personal lifestyle. ③It just explains that you feel a certain way and it might be contradictory to what is expected of you. 5.捐献,促成,投稿;撰稿人;贡献,捐款 ①I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. ②The school sees its job as preparing students to make a contribution to society. ③Clouds are the noble contributor for awesome photos. 6.便利;方便的;便利地;不便 ①I hope that you can reply to my letter at your convenience. ②I wonder whether it is convenient for you to join my birthday party on Saturday. ③We apologise for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused. ④The offices are conveniently located just a few minutes from the main station. 7.改正;正确的;正确地;修正,纠正 ①Read through your work and correct any mistakes that you find. ②All answers will be written on the whiteboard correctly. ③I’ve made a few small corrections to your report. ④You are perfectly correct in trying to steer your sister towards increased independence. 8.创造;创造性的;创造性地;创建 ①He approached me to create and design the restaurant. ②In our opinion,you are popular,friendly and creative. ③Becoming your own person releases your creativity. ④These businesses stimulate the creation of local jobs. ⑤Teachers should inspire all students to think creatively. 9.残忍的,残酷的;残忍地;残忍 ①It saddened her that people could be so cruel. ②We find ourselves cruelly cut off from the wireless world. ③The deliberate cruelty of his words cut her like a knife. 10.好奇的;好奇地;好奇 ①The boy was intensely curious about the book I read. ②Dr. Craven sat down by him and felt his pulse and looked at him curiously. ③Sophie’s curiosity was aroused by the mysterious phone. 派生词　第八组 1.危险;危险的;危险地;濒危的 ①She showed great courage in the face of danger. ②The journey would be dangerous in the extreme. ③She was standing dangerously close to the fire. ④The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. 2.决定;决议;决定性的,果断的 ①It was difficult to decide between the two candidates. ②We must come to a decision about what to do next by tomorrow. ③This is a time of decisive action and quick thinking. 3.深的;加深;深度;深刻地 ①Den had dug a deep hole in the centre of the garden. ②The course is aimed at deepening their understanding of themselves. ③The smaller lake ranges from five to fourteen feet in depth. ④Those who listened to him were deeply moved. 4.保卫,防守;防御;防御性的,戒备的 ①“Small does not mean weak,sir,” she defended herself. ②The body has natural defense mechanisms to protect it from disease. ③It’s easier to be open-minded when you aren’t feeling defensive. 5.高兴,使人高兴的事;高兴的,快乐的;令人愉快的,宜人的 ①They grinned with delight when they heard our news. ②I was delighted by the beauty and perfume of the flowers. ③He was a man of few words with a delightful dry sense of humour. 6.信赖,依靠;依赖,信任;依赖的;独立,自立;独立的;独立地 ①He was the sort of person you could depend on.  ②By encouraging their children to take some part-time jobs, parents can help their kids develop independence. ③The festival is heavily dependent on sponsorship for its success. ④Going away to college has made me much more independent. ⑤It’s better to develop skills and live independently as early as possible. 7.确定,决定;决心,果断;坚决的,意志坚定的 ①I determine to make more efforts to improve my English. ②This made Hannah very sad and more determined to do something. ③Sport teaches us to accept challenges and face difficulties with determination. 8.开发,使发展;发展,成长;发达的,先进的;发展中的 ①It is important for us to develop good study skills. ②Many local people believe the development will profit them. ③It is said that Australia is a developed country having abundant natural resources. ④China is a developing country with rapid economic growth. 9.献身,致力;忠诚,奉献;忠诚的,全心全意的 ①She has devoted herself to scientific research after graduation. ②This guy was well respected for his devotion to charity work. ③I have personally been devoted to this cause for many years. 10.使不同;差异,差别;不同的;不同 ①They differ in their appreciation of music. ②She noticed a marked difference in the children on her second visit. ③The result is interesting and different, but do not attempt the recipe if time is short. ④After hearing the album,they began to think differently. 派生词　第九组 1.困难的;困难;艰难地 ①It’s difficult for a student who knows little of English to talk to foreigners with confidence. ②I had considerable difficulty in persuading her to leave. ③Little by little,I recalled how hurriedly my mother took me to the hospital on her own and how difficultly she breathed all the way. 2.直接的,坦率的;径直地,直接地;方向,说明书;指导者,主管 ①He had a poor sense of direction and soon got lost. ②He was voted the most promising new director. ③With direct experience of this type of work, I am qualified for the position. ④I went home directly when I had finished work. 3.使泄气,使沮丧;使人气馁的;泄气,阻止 ①His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor, which made him upset. ②“Perhaps—perhaps I am bloated and feverish,” said Colin, assuming a discouraging air of gloom. ③He persevered in the face of active discouragement from those around him. 4.区分,辨别,看清;能分辨出来的;卓越的,杰出的 ①The fundamental problem lies in their inability to distinguish between reality and invention. ②It was getting light and shapes were more distinguishable. ③Distinguished guests,it is my privilege to introduce to you today,Mr Smith. 5.打扰;骚乱,干扰;令人不安的,引起烦恼的 ①I’m sorry to disturb you, but can I talk to you for a moment? ②How long does it usually take you to recover from this disturbance? ③We can’t focus on our homework because of the disturbing noise. 6.渴望的,热切的;急切地,热切地;热切,渴望 ①He thus avoided a pack of journalists eager to question him. ②He amazes me with his quickness and eagerness to learn. ③We listened eagerly,for he brought news of our families. 7.减轻,缓解;容易的;容易地 ①The rooms are small but they can make you feel at ease. ②Their house isn’t the easiest place to get to. ③The museum is easily accessible by car. 8.教育;教育者;有教育意义的;受过良好教育的 ①The campaign is intended to educate the public to respect the environment. ②A good education is the gateway to success. ③I had been an educator in three different countries for about ten years. ④People live longer nowadays,and they are better educated. ⑤The staff should make sure the kids have an enjoyable and educational day. 9.影响,效果;有效的;有效地 ①Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescents’ behaviour. ②I admire the effective use of colour in her paintings.  ③Candidates must be able to communicate effectively. 10.电,电学;电气的,与电有关的;用电的,充满刺激的 ①The town is without electricity and the water supply has been cut off. ②Electrical devices for outdoor use are not expensive. ③The factory is surrounded by electric fencing. 派生词　第十组 1.优雅的,高雅的;优雅,高雅;高雅地 ①His mother was an elegant,cultivated woman. ②Tall and elegantly dressed,she ends her call and points to the corner of the room. ③In the dining-room,the decorations create an atmosphere of elegance. 2.雇用,使用;工作,受雇;失业;雇主;雇员;失业的 ①All employers want to hire positive people to work for them. ②For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter. ③This workshop helps young unemployed people to acquire more skills. ④He recalls a major lesson learnt from his own employee. ⑤There has been some reduction in unemployment with the efforts of the government. ⑥He got his job through an employment agency. 3.使尴尬;感到尴尬的;令人尴尬的;尴尬 ①They were my friends, and I just didn’t want to embarrass them publicly. ②Her remark was followed by an embarrassed silence. ③Much to her embarrassment, she realised that everybody had been listening to her singing. ④You rescued me from an embarrassing situation. 4.享受……的乐趣,喜爱;乐事,愉快,乐趣;快乐的 ①He was beginning to enjoy the beauty of nature. ②Watching the tea preparation was as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself. ③I apologise if your enjoyment of the film was spoiled. 5.招待,使快乐;娱乐活动;令人愉快的,有趣的;表演者 ①He entertained us with stories and jokes. ②Dance is an entertainment without language barriers. ③The talk was both informative and entertaining. ④He’s the world’s highest paid entertainer. 6.热情的;热情;热情地 ①The winners were given an enthusiastic welcome when they arrived home. ②The talk had fired her with enthusiasm for the project. ③To my great relief,he responds enthusiastically. 7.环境;环境学家;环境的;环境上地 ①They have created an environment in which productivity should flourish. ②The fridge is environmentally friendly because it uses less electricity. ③These measures are strongly supported by environmental groups. ④For the past ten years,the environmentalist has been delivering speeches about the current situation. 8.装备,配备;设备,器材;装备的 ①The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing. ②There are three conference rooms, each of which is equipped with a screen, a projector and audio-visual equipment. 9.证据,迹象;明显的;明显地 ①There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancers. ②It is evident that smoking is harmful to health. ③She walked slowly down the road,evidently in pain. 派生词　第十一组 1.审查,检查;考试,检验;主考人,审查人 ①It is necessary to examine how the proposals can be carried out. ②As an examiner, she showed no favour to any candidate. ③All students without exception must take the English examination. 2.优秀,杰出;优秀的,极好的;极好地 ①Excellence does not emerge without appropriate help. ②“Excellent!” he shouted, jumping happily at the rain. “Now we can see how this boat really performs!” ③You have managed excellently,and I begin to have faith in you. 3.激起,使兴奋;兴奋;令人激动的;感到兴奋的;兴奋地,激动地 ①I only take on work that excites me, even if it means turning down lots of money. ②He was flushed with excitement at the thought of going on a vacation. ③Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging. ④An excited crowd of people gathered around her, asking her many questions. ⑤The actress performed so well that the audience cheered and clapped excitedly. 4.发生,存在;实际上有;现存的,现有的 ①Though difficulties exist in our daily life, we shouldn’t be afraid of them. ②The new focus may be on removing existing dams and restoring natural habitats. ③I pulled gently at his sleeve,but he had forgotten my existence. 5.扩大,增加;扩展,扩张;广阔的,广泛的,开朗的 ①The new system expanded the role of family doctors. ②The book is an expansion of a series of lectures given last year. ③She opened her arms wide in an expansive gesture of welcome. 6.期待,预计;突然的;意料之外地;预期;期望 ①He conducted himself far better than expected. ②The beauties of the West Lake in spring were beyond his expectation. ③He made a brief,unexpected appearance at the office. ④Moss had clamped an unexpectedly strong grip on his arm. 7.经历,体验;有经验的;缺乏认识或经验的 ①My previous experience enables me to be more qualified for this job. ②With an experienced local guide leading us, we arrived at the spot quickly. ③She was still inexperienced and needed a guiding hand. 8.爆炸,急剧增长;爆炸(声),激增;易爆炸的 ①We all exploded into wild laughter. ②There were two loud explosions and then the building burst into flames. ③You are not allowed to carry explosive or other dangerous things into the train.  9.探索;探险;探索者 ①As soon as we arrived on the island, we were eager to explore. ②Finally, the young explorer arrived in what was called the valley of death by the locals. ③My teacher organised a unit on space exploration that really sparked my interest. 派生词　第十二组 1.表达,表示;表情,表达方式;富于表现力的 ①Words cannot express how pleased I am. ②His expression changed from surprise to amusement. ③She has wonderfully expressive eyes. 2.使延长,伸展,给予;广阔的,广泛的,全面的;延伸,扩大,延长期 ①A true friend will always extend a helping hand to you when you’re in the depths of despair. ②The extension of the subway will take several months. ③While doing extensive reading,you don’t have to puzzle over every single word or phrase in the passage. 3.公正的,合理的;白皙的,晴朗的;不公平的;公平;公平地,相当地 ①“It isn’t fair!” he exclaimed angrily. ②It would be unfair not to let you have a choice. ③Dale thought the workshop helped him make decisions based on fairness. ④Elsewhere,the weather today has been fairly sunny. 4.熟悉的;熟悉;不熟悉的 ①The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery. ②When she saw the old house,she had a feeling of familiarity. ③She felt uneasy in the unfamiliar surroundings. 5.灵活的,可变通的;灵活性,弹性;灵活地 ①Our plans need to be flexible enough to cater for the needs of everyone. ②His fixed thinking made him unable to deal with the problems in his work flexibly. ③Computer offers a much great degree of flexibility in the way work is organised. 6.流利;流利的;流利地 ①His son was praised for speeches of remarkable fluency. ②Speaking courses draw students’ attention to fluent expression. ③She speaks French very fluently, but her pronunciation lets her down. 7.忘记;健忘的;不易被忘记的 ①You’ve got to forget the past and start living in the present. ②His father began to lose his memory bit by bit,becoming increasingly forgetful. ③Seeing this unforgettable scene, Mum walked by with tears in her eyes. 8.幸运的;不幸的;幸运地;不幸地 ①I have been fortunate enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer. ②He was unfortunate to lose in the final round. ③Fortunately, the weather that winter was reasonably mild. ④Unfortunately,no one took my opinion seriously. 9.释放,自由;自由的,空闲的;免费的;自由地;坦率地 ①Students have a free choice of courses in their final year. ②She wrote poems in praise of freedom. ③His words freed me from my bad dreams. ④I freely admit what I said was wrong. 派生词　第十三组 1.结冰,冻结;结冰的,冻僵的,极冷的,冰冻的 ①It may freeze tonight, so bring those plants inside. ②It’s freezing cold outside, so don’t go out unless necessary. ③Snow soon blanketed the frozen ground. 2.频繁的;频率;频繁地 ①I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family. ②Environmental problems are discussed quite frequently in the news. ③You can’t hear waves of such a high frequency. 3.朋友;友谊,友好;友好的,友谊的;不友好的 ①I had a long talk about this with my best friend. ②They grinned at her in a friendly way. ③She struck up a close friendship with Desiree during the week of rehearsals. ④If you know what kind of people are unfriendly,just stay away from them. 4.水果,果实;富有成效的;无成效的,无结果的 ①The trees were dripping with fruit. ②Only in this way,can they have a fruitful and successful study life abroad. ③After a fruitless morning sitting at his desk he had given up. 5.使害怕;感到害怕的,受惊吓的;令人害怕的,吓人的 ①He knew that Soli was trying to frighten him, so he smiled to hide his fear. ②Lisa was so frightened that she couldn’t make a sound. ③It was a very frightening experience and they were very courageous. 6.慷慨的,大方的;慷慨,大方;慷慨地 ①He was always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.  ②She was a wonderful companion and her generosity to me was entirely selfless. ③Thank you for contributing generously to the scholarship fund. 7.地球仪,地球,世界;全球的;全球地 ①We directed radio waves around the globe. ②It was a great achievement that a month later a global agreement was reached. ③Globally,there is a danger of water recession in the near future. 8.统治,管理;政府;管理者,州长 ①Prices are governed by market demand. ②The government has insisted confidence is needed before the economy can improve. ③His proposals have already been adopted by the governor. 9.感激,感谢的心情;感激的;感激地 ①I would like to express my gratitude to everyone for their hard work. ②We would be grateful for any information you can give us. ③I gratefully took the cup of coffee she offered me. 10.变得,种植;生长,成长;增加的,增长的 ①The plants grow wild along the banks of rivers. ②Our future prosperity depends on economic growth. ③There is growing concern about pollution on television. 派生词　第十四组 1.健康;健康的;不健康的;健康地 ①She was glowing with health and clearly enjoying life. ②There is strong evidence of a link between exercise and a healthy heart. ③Make sure you eat healthily,and get some exercise. ④Eating too much makes you become fat and unhealthy. 2.伤害,损害;有害的;无害的 ①He would never frighten anyone or cause them any harm. ②Wearing the wrong glasses,however,can prove harmful. ③Actually,a white lie is a harmless one,intended not to hurt someone. 3.高度;高的;高度地,非常 ①His height was a decided advantage in the job. ②I’ve always had a high opinion of her. ③I am working with mostly highly motivated people. 4.诚实;诚实的;真诚地;不诚实的 ①Honesty and trust are basic to a good relationship. ②She has always been honest with me,and I respect her for that. ③It came as a shock to hear an old friend speak so honestly about Ted. ④I don’t like him,and it would be dishonest of me to pretend otherwise. 5.希望;有希望的;绝望的;有希望地 ①All we can do now is wait and hope. ②Being hopeful is the key to turning things around. ③He felt very tired and hopeless. ④“Am I welcome?” He smiled hopefully,leaning on the door. 6.帮助;有益的;无助的;有益地 ①Your help would be greatly appreciated. ②What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others. ③He lay helpless on the floor, thinking nothing. ④They had helpfully provided us with instructions on how to find the house. 7.忽视,不理会;无知;无知的,不了解的 ①You may not like her,but you cannot ignore her. ②Forgive my ignorance,but what exactly does the company do? ③At that time I was ignorant of events going on elsewhere. 8.想象,猜想;想象力;富有想象力的 ①I can’t imagine life without the children now. ②When I looked at the ever-changing clouds, the thoughts were beyond imagination. ③The house was always decorated with imaginative flower arrangements. 派生词　第十五组 1.重要;重要的;重要的是;不重要的 ①He stressed the importance of a good education. ②I have an important announcement to make. ③More importantly, it provides students with new skills to tackle future challenges. ④I try to avoid quarrelling with my friend over something unimportant. 2.不可能的;不可能的事;可能的;可能地;可能性 ①The effect is almost impossible to describe. ②The heavy rain speaks of the impossibility of the picnic this afternoon. ③They’ve done everything they can possibly think of. ④Everything is possible if we want it enough. ⑤There’s a strong possibility that we’ll lose the match. 3.给……留下印象;印象;印象深刻的 ①We interviewed a number of candidates but none of them impressed us. ②Her words left a lasting impression on me. ③She was a very strong,impressive character and one of the most inspiring people I’ve ever met. 4.包括;包括……在内;被包括的 ①The tour included a visit to the Science Museum. ②There are many activities, including singing and dancing. ③Another 10 students will be sent there,Tom included. 5.使受伤;伤害,损伤;受伤的,委屈的 ①The injured man was raced to the hospital. ②He suffered severe injuries in a traffic accident. ③He injured his knee while playing basketball with his classmates. 6.激励,激发;启发灵感的人或事物;备受鼓舞的;鼓舞人心的 ①The performers inspired the kids with their enthusiasm. ②Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist. ③His speech was inspiring and touched my heart. ④I was inspired to make a donation to the organization immediately after the dinner. 7.打算,计划;目的,意图;故意的,蓄意的 ①The writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main character. ②I have no intention of allowing you to continue living here alone. ③I’m sorry I left you off the list—it wasn’t intentional. 8.邀请,引起;吸引人的,诱人的 ①I’m writing to invite you to be a judge of our speech competition next Friday. ②She’s in two minds about accepting his invitation. ③The February air was soft,cool,and inviting. 9.口译,解释;阐述;口译者 ①The students were asked to interpret the poem. ②Her evidence suggests a different interpretation of the events. ③I want to get the work of interpreter,because I’m good at Chinese and English. 派生词　第十六组 1.采访,面试;面试者,采访者;被采访者,被面试者 ①How did you get on at the interview? ②Being a good interviewer, however, requires much preparation and many skills. ③Among the 365 interviewees,43% have less than three years’ work experience. 2.发明,创造;发明者,创造者 ①Our forefathers were the first to invent gunpowder. ②The invention of the industrial robot is credited to the company. ③In my youth my ambition had been to be an inventor. 3.兴趣;利益,利息;感兴趣的;有趣的;有趣的是 ①There are many places of interest near the city. ②If interested, please contact us by telephone. ③I collect shells and interesting seaside items. ④Interestingly,apologising can even have positive health benefits. 4.仁慈,好意;友好的,和善的;温和地,亲切地 ①As a child I was surrounded by love and kindness. ②It was really kind of you to help me yesterday. ③He looked kindly down on them and patted both their heads. 5.晚的,迟的;以后,后来;最新的;近来,最近;后者的 ①She’s always late for everything. ②Much later on, she realised what he had meant. ③His latest novel does not disappoint. ④John has been acting strangely lately. ⑤He tracked down his cousin and uncle.The latter was sick. 6.领导;领导者;主要的,领先的 ①She took the lead in the second lap. ②He seemed a dynamic and energetic leader. ③She started the last lap just behind the leading group. 7.合法的,法定的;不合法的;合法地 ①She started out on her legal career in 1987. ②What do I need to legally protect myself? ③It is illegal to sell cigarettes to children who are under age. 8.延长;长度;长的 ①There was a long silence before she spoke. ②This room is twice the length of the kitchen. ③The shadows lengthened as the sun went down. 派生词　第十七组 1.幸运,运气;幸运的,吉祥的;幸运地,侥幸地 ①“Oh well,better luck next time,” she sighed. ②It was lucky for us that we were able to go in for the activity. ③I walk up,and luckily one of them recognises me. 2.限制,限定;有限的;无限的 ①The team performed to the limit of its capabilities. ②She was impatient in the knowledge that time was limited. ③The future holds limitless promise. 3.完成(困难的事);控制,处理;经营,管理;经理 ①In spite of his disappointment, he managed a weak smile. ②He resigned as manager after eight years. ③Diet plays an important role in the management of health. 4.娶,嫁;结婚,婚姻;已婚的,婚姻的 ①It’s beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff. ②Marriage should be an equal partnership. ③They were planning on getting married. 5.方法,工具;卑鄙的,吝啬的,意思是;有意义的;无意义的;意义,意思 ①By no means should we give up when facing difficulties. ②What she means is that there’s no point in waiting here. ③So don’t be mean to yourself, never be afraid of making mistakes. ④He didn’t really get his meaning over to the audience. ⑤We do meaningful work that contributes to society. ⑥To my disappointment,the new movie is so meaningless actually. 6.混合;混合物;混合的,混杂的 ①You can’t mix business with pleasure in life. ②The city is a mixture of old and new buildings. ③I came home from the meeting with mixed feelings. 7.音乐,乐曲;音乐家;音乐的,悦耳的 ①They danced to music as soon as they entered the house. ②She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer. ③The drum is one of the oldest Chinese musical instruments. 8.移动,搬家;运动,动作;令人感动的;感动的 ①He could hear someone moving around in the room above. ②She observed the gentle movement of his chest as he breathed. ③It is very moving to see how much strangers can care for each other. ④Those who listened to him were deeply moved. 9.民族,国家;国籍;民族的,国家的 ①He represented the nation on ceremonial occasions. ②All applicants will be considered regardless of age, gender or nationality. ③The area has been declared a national park. 10.大自然;天性;天然的,自然的;自然地,天生地 ①The most amazing thing about nature is its infinite variety. ②The panda’s natural habitat is the bamboo forest. ③His father was quite naturally proud of him. 派生词　第十八组 1.必要性;必要的,必需的;必要地 ①We were discussing the necessity of employing more staff. ②For her, books were as necessary to life as bread. ③The hair going grey is not necessarily synonymous with growing old. 2.小说;小说家;新颖;新奇的,新颖的 ①Her novels have gained in popularity over recent years. ②As a novelist,I’ve published many attractive novels loved by many people. ③It was fun working there at first but the novelty soon wore off. 3.反对,不赞成;客观的,公正的;异议 ①The plan he put up was objected by most of us. ②We need not only objective knowledge but also real practice. ③He said,“I have no objection,but I am hungry.Please get me something to eat.” 4.观察;遵守;庆祝;观察者 ①We cannot always observe the traditions handed down to us from the past. ②People all begin scientific work with the observation of evidence. ③You should try to train yourself to be a keen listener and observer. 5.占用;占领;占据;职业;已占用的,在使用的,无空闲的 ①I had other matters to occupy me,during the day at least. ②Why are you interested in this occupation? ③Her mind is completely occupied by the new baby. 6.施行手术;开刀;操作员;话务员 ①It’s too difficult for him to operate this new sophisticated machine. ②He had an operation on his leg last week. ③I’m a keyboard operator.What’s your job? 7.反对;对抗;对手;对立的,相反的,对面的 ①She earned a black mark for opposing company’s policy. ②With one blow he knocked his opponent down in the game. ③There was a garden on the opposite side of the street. 8.组织;机构;组织者 ①The party was organised without her knowing anything about it. ②She performs an important role in our organisation. ③She has an undoubted talent as an organiser. 9.时机,场合;偶尔的;偶尔,间或 ①Hundreds of thousands of people went to the streets to mark the occasion. ②He spent five years in Paris,with occasional visits to Italy. ③Birds were chattering somewhere,and occasionally he could hear a vehicle pass by. 10.在……上刷油漆;画;画家;油画 ①The doors were painted blue to match the walls. ②The painter uses several brushes when painting. ③The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation. 派生词　第十九组 1.参与;参加;参与者 ①We encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college. ②So far,participants have ranged in age from 2 to 85. ③We must adhere to the principle of voluntary participation. 2.耐心;耐心的;病人;不耐烦的;耐心地 ①The task requires extraordinary patience and endurance. ②A doctor will often instruct patients to exercise. ③She’s very patient with young children. ④I’d been waiting for twenty minutes and I was getting impatient. ⑤He had been patiently waiting in the office for an hour. 3.和平;和平的;和平地 ①The dove is a universal symbol of peace. ②It was one of the most peaceful and undisturbed places she had found. ③Except for traffic noise the night passed peacefully. 4.演出;表演;表演者 ①She has cancelled plans to perform in Beijing. ②The performers,in costume and makeup,were walking up and down backstage. ③She was happy enough with her performance. 5.个人;个别地;个人的;个性;就个人而言 ①She’s the only person for the job. ②The novel is written from personal experience. ③Personally,it’s not a good habit to use the web language. ④His engaging personality made him popular with his peers. 6.说服;有说服力的 ①The teacher was able to persuade us to speak confidently in public. ②Persuasion is an important way of moral education. ③The introduction to a persuasive speech is very important. 7.物理;内科医生;物理学家;物理的;身体的;身体上地 ①She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it difficult. ②I consulted with a physician,hired a fitness coach,and then I began to eat small and healthy meals. ③Einstein was one of the best-known physicists in the world. ④The physical benefits of exercise can be divided into three aspects. ⑤Basketball is an interesting sport,but it’s also physically demanding. 8.使高兴;愉快,高兴;高兴的;满意的;令人愉快的 ①It always pleases me to spend time with friends. ②It gives me great pleasure to welcome you here today. ③The photographs brought back many pleasant/pleasing memories. ④“Professor Theron,” he began,“I’m very pleased to see you.” 9.有礼貌的;不礼貌的;有礼貌地;礼貌 ①Mary cleared her throat and spoke in low,polite tones. ②He offered the boys some coffee.They declined politely. ③It is impolite to speak when eating things. ④Respect and politeness are things they should learn at home. 10.污染;被污染的 ①We should protect our water resources and not pollute them. ②We must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution. ③The polluted water in that country more or less influences people’s health. 派生词　第二十组 1.流行的,受欢迎的;普及,受欢迎;不受欢迎的 ①The coastal path is a popular route for walkers. ②Today’s lecture is about the popularity of English. ③His stubborn adherence to the rules made him unpopular. 2.电源;力量;能源;强有力的;强烈地;无力的 ①The vehicle had better power,better tyres,and better brakes. ②At that moment Mrs.Jones’s powerful voice interrupted them. ③All felt so familiar and powerfully reminded me of the time in my high school. ④I saw what was happening,but I was powerless to help. 3.练习;实践;实践的;实用的;实际上;不切实际的;不实用的 ①Since then,he has read many books about paper folding and practiced folding paper in his spare time. ②My lack of practical experience was a disadvantage. ③It sounds like a good idea,but I don’t think it will work practically. ④It may have been a good idea,but it is utterly impractical. 4.预测,预示;预言;可预测的 ①It’s not happening as experts predicted. ②What’s your prediction about the result of our school basketball match next week? ③In March and April,the weather is much less predictable. 5.更喜欢;偏爱;优先权;更好的 ①I much prefer jazz to rock music. ②Many people expressed a strong preference for the original plan. ③He finds country life infinitely preferable to living in the city. 6.阻止,预防;预防的,防备的 ①The rain prevented them from eating outdoors yesterday. ②His work offered valuable experience to sand prevention and control in China. ③The police were able to take preventive action and avoid a possible riot. 7.骄傲;自豪;骄傲的;自豪的;自豪地 ①The teacher’s words filled her heart with pride. ②They are proud that she is doing well at school. ③“Now my husband also joins me,” Lydia says proudly. 8.很可能的;可能地;可能性 ①Is it possible that he will leave tomorrow? ②They’ll possibly be here Monday and Tuesday. ③It is not beyond the bounds of possibility that we’ll all meet again one day. 9.生产;产品;生产者;制片人;多产的;有成效的 ①Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. ②We manage to get most of our produce in farmers’ markets. ③Brazil is the world’s largest producer of coffee. ④My time spent in the library was very productive. 10.适当的;不适当的;正确地 ①He is always perfectly proper in his behaviour. ②The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions. ③After several starts,she read the report properly. 派生词　第二十一组 1.保护;保护的 ①Tears help to protect the eye from potentially harmful foreign bodies. ②The trees form a natural protection from the sun’s rays. ③Protective gloves reduce the absorption of chemicals through the skin. 2.谜;难题;困惑的;迷惑不解的 ①We wanted to ask the math teacher to explain the puzzle again. ②Seeing the puzzled look on his face,she tried a different tack. 3.取得资格;条件,合格证书;有资格的 ①He failed to reach the required standard,and did not qualify for the race. ②Previous teaching experience is a necessary qualification for this job. ③I don’t know much about it,so I don’t feel qualified to comment. 4.准备好的;快速地,便利地,乐意地;愿意,准备就绪 ①I’m all packed and ready to go. ②I asked her if she would allow me to interview her,and she readily agreed. ③Everyone has doubts about their readiness for parenthood. 5.现实;真的;真正的;真正地;确实;实现 ①Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish. ②She has not shown any real regret for what she did. ③I really admire your enthusiasm. ④We try to help all students realise their full potential. 6.理由;原因;评理;合理的;合理地 ①He said no but he didn’t give a reason. ②Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. ③We tried to discuss the matter calmly and reasonably. 7.反映;反射;深思;深思的,能反光的 ①The windows reflected the bright afternoon sunlight. ②After days of reflection she decided to write back. ③After another reflective silence,Tom said,“Hucky,you sure you can keep it secret?” 8.使提神,使恢复精力;提神的,令人耳目一新的;神清气爽的 ①He refreshed himself with a cool shower. ②It made a refreshing change to be taken seriously for once. ③After a short break,I feel refreshed again. 9.规则;有规律的;定期的;有规律地;无规律的;不规则的 ①Under the new regulations, spending on office equipment will be strictly controlled. ②Regular exercise helps one keep healthy. ③He exhibits regularly in local art galleries. ④He visited his parents at irregular intervals because he was always busy with business. 10.放松;感到放松的;使人放松的 ①These days,people appreciate a chance to relax. ②Christie looked relaxed and calm as he faced the press. ③Travelling may take you a lot of time,but it is really a relaxing experience. ④I go hill-walking for relaxation. 派生词　第二十二组 1.相关;相关的,切题的;不相关的 ①Education should be closely relevant to students’ needs. ②In an era of information explosion,people can easily be distracted by irrelevant information. ③What he said has no direct relevance to the matter in hand. 2.宽慰;减轻;缓解;如释重负的 ①To my relief,they spoke English,so at least we could communicate with each other. ②I was quite relieved to hear that you didn’t get hurt. ③Students prefer to rely on peers to relieve stress and anxiety. 3.可靠;信赖;依赖;可靠的;可靠地;不可靠的 ①You can rely on him to respond to a challenge. ②I am reliably informed that the company is being sold. ③Trains are reliable,cheap and best for long-distance travel. ④Such learning methods encourage too great a reliance upon the teacher. ⑤The process is complex,expensive,and unreliable. 4.忍住,抗拒,抵抗,反抗;抵制的,反抗的 ①I couldn’t resist the temptation to purchase the book. ②These new crops must also be more resistant to drought,heat and pests. ③The defenders put up a strong resistance. 5.责任;有责任的;负责地;不负责任的;不可靠的 ①I don’t feel ready to take on new responsibilities. ②He is responsible for designing the entire project. ③He urged everyone to act responsibly. ④But he turned out to be immature and irresponsible. 6.限制;受限制的 ①We restrict the number of students per class to 10. ②Some truck drivers don’t like the new speed restriction on the highway. ③The tournament is restricted to players under the age of 23. 7.粗鲁,无礼;粗鲁的,无礼的;粗鲁地 ①A bicycle brushed past me in a very rude way. ②I was rudely awakened by the phone ringing. ③I must offer him an apology for my rudeness last night. 8.悲哀;悲伤的;悲伤地 ①I was very sad indeed to hear of your father’s illness. ②“Neither have I,” said the old man sadly. ③Levin sat there,an expression of sadness on his face. 9.安全;安全的;平安的;安全地;平安地 ①Firefighters led the survivors to safety. ②I was pleased to hear you arrived home safely. ③He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home. 10.使满意;满意;令人满意的;满意的 ①The proposed plan will not satisfy everyone. ②Looking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction. ③She’s never satisfied with what she’s got. ④The arrangements,though not ideal,are fairly satisfactory/satisfying. 派生词　第二十三组 1.科学;自然科学;科学家;科学的;按科学方法地 ①She’s far better at science than her brother. ②The scientists are taking water samples from the river. ③He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation. ④The problem is how to test it scientifically. 2.挑选,选择;认真选择的 ①Winners will be selected at the end of each month. ②The final team selection will be made tomorrow. ③You will have to be selective about which information to include in the report. 3.使分开;分开的;独立地,分开地;分离;分居 ①I’ve always kept my private and professional life separate. ②We need to sort all the rubbish separately. ③They were reunited after a separation of more than 20 years. 4.定居;解决;解决方案;定居点;定居者 ①When are you going to get married and settle down? ②A peaceable settlement has been reached. ③Natives give the city solidity and continuity;but the settlers give it passion. 5.锋利的;敏锐的;锋利地;剧烈地;使锐利;使敏捷 ①He felt a sharp pain in his knee. ②“Is there a problem?” he asked sharply. ③He wants something to sharpen his pencil. 6.震惊;休克;感到震惊的;令人震惊的 ①I got a shock when I saw the bill. ②She was deeply hurt and shocked by what Smith had said. ③Here came the shocking news. 7.重要性;意义;重点的;重要的;意义重大地;意味深长地 ①There are some buildings which have historical significance to the locals. ②A significant exhibition of contemporary sculpture will be held in my school hall. ③She paused significantly before she answered. 8.寂静;无声;默不作声;无声的;无声地 ①There was a long silence before she spoke. ②As the curtain rose,the audience fell silent. ③He noticed his mother standing silently by the window. 9.简单的;简单地;仅仅;使简化 ①The problem and the answer are very simple. ②I think her new short hairstyle looks simply great. ③This also helps us simplify our design. 10.真诚的,诚恳的;真诚地;真诚,真挚 ①I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your help in my study. ②I sincerely believe that this is the right decision. ③I was impressed by her sincerity so deeply at that time that I decided to make friends with her. 派生词　第二十四组 1.社会的;社会;协会;在社会上;善于交际的 ①We ought to organise more social events. ②We live in a multicultural society. ③We have known each other socially for a long time. 2.软的;柔和的;柔软;变软;温柔地 ①The moon’s pale light cast soft shadows. ②The fineness and softness of the dress caught her attention. ③He closed the door softly behind him. ④We wanted to soften the light without destroying the overall effect of space. 3.专门的;特别的;专门地;专门从事;专家 ①We came specially to see you. ②So you didn’t notice anything special about him? ③After I did my engineering degree,I began to specialise in computer technology. ④The specialist walked onto the platform and seated himself in a chair,prepared for answering questions. 4.力气;力量;长处;增强;强壮的;强劲的;坚固的;坚强地;强烈地 ①There was a strong wind blowing. ②He threw it forward with all his strength. ③The difficulties in her way merely strengthened her resolve. ④He was strongly opposed to the idea. 5.强调,压力,重点;焦虑的,紧张的;充满压力的 ①Only then did she realise the stress he was under. ②She stressed the importance of careful preparation at that meeting. ③My parents had confidence in me,but I felt very stressed and nervous. ④You’ll find your life becomes happier,healthier,and less stressful. 6.严格的;严谨的;严格地;严格;严重 ①Our teacher is very strict about things like homework. ②Photography is strictly forbidden in the museum. ③All the villagers noted the father’s strictness with his two sons. 7.订阅;捐助;订阅者,赞助者 ①Which journals does the library subscribe to? ②A statue in his memory was set up by public subscription. ③Other subscribers to the topic will also receive the messages. 8.成功;成功的;成功地 ①I could have succeeded if I had acted on your suggestion. ②The event was an undoubted success. ③Husband and wife were similarly successful in their chosen careers. ④She has successfully kept a balance between her career and her family. 9.支持,帮助,支撑;支持者;支持的 ①These measures are strongly supported by environmental groups. ②She became a supporter that day,too. ③She was very supportive during my father’s illness. 10.惊奇;感到惊奇的;令人惊奇的;意外地 ①His sudden entrance took everyone by surprise. ②She seemed neither surprised nor worried. ③Here are some surprising stories about animal behaviour. ④Surprisingly,he agreed straight away. 派生词　第二十五组 1.包围;环绕;周围的环境;周围的;被包围的 ①Tall trees surround the lake. ②Her son Peter adapted effortlessly to his new surroundings. ③The development of the site will have an effect on the surrounding countryside. ④I still think it terrifying to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses. 2.生存;继续存在;比……活得长;幸存;幸存者 ①That the child survived the train accident was a miracle. ②He owed his survival to his strength as a swimmer. ③Dogs,which are our best friends,are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. 3.相似的;相似地;相似性 ①My teaching style is similar to that of most other teachers. ②Similarly,a survey showed that bilingualism will steadily gain importance in the next 10 years. ③There was a wonderful similarity between the twins. 4.尝起来;口味,味道;品味;可口的;无味的 ①I like the taste of candies and enjoy trying different kinds of them. ②Could you tell me the trick of making such tasty cakes? ③True friendship is like water,which is tasteless but is essential to our body. 5.可怕的;严重地;非常;恐怖;惊恐;恐惧 ①What terrible news! ②The experiment went terribly wrong. ③Her eyes were wild with terror. 6.恐吓;吓唬;感到恐惧的;令人恐惧的 ①Flying terrifies her. ②She was terrified at the thought of being alone. ③It was a terrifying experience. 7.威胁;恐吓;胁迫的;阴沉沉的;受到威胁的;吓人的 ①Don’t take the threat of tropical storms lightly. ②The sky was dark and threatening. ③Hundreds of lives were threatened when the building collapsed. ④Either food scarcity or excessive hunting can threaten a population of animals. 8.激动,令人激动的事;令人激动的;非常激动的,高兴的 ①It gave me a big thrill to meet my favourite author in person. ②Climbing mountains is a thrilling experience. ③He was thrilled at the prospect of seeing them again. 9.真实的;真理;真相;真实地 ①Everything I had heard about him was true. ②Nobody wanted to believe the simple truth. ③I’m truly sorry that things had to end like this. 10.翻译;译者 ①I don’t speak Greek so Dina offered to translate for me. ②The exam consists of an essay and an unseen translation. ③I will apply to be a volunteer translator. 派生词　第二十六组 1.使用;运用;应用;用过的;用户;使用者;有用的;有益的;无用的 ①The bridge is used infrequently. ②Virtual reality is a technology which enables the users to experience a simulated world. ③Overall,this is a very useful book. ④It’s useless to regret what has been done. 2.通常的;不常见的;通常;不寻常地 ①She sat in her usual seat at the back. ②He was an unusual man with great business talents. ③I usually cycle home through the park. ④The unusually hot sun has fried up the crops. 3.催促;紧急;冲动;强烈的欲望;紧急的;紧急地;急事 ①He had an urge to open a shop of his own. ②There is an urgent need for qualified teachers. ③You would be well advised to tackle this problem urgently. ④The government must deal with this as a matter of urgency. 4.暴力;强暴;(言行的)狂暴,激烈;猛烈的;暴力地,猛烈地 ①The violence in her tone gave Tyler a shock. ②We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm. ③She became so nervous that she shook violently. 5.变化;多样化;各种各样的 ①They vary in colours from country to country. ②The wetlands are home to a large variety of wildlife. ③He pointed out various landmarks as we drove along. 6.热身;温暖;温暖的;热情地 ①We received a warm welcome from our hosts. ②They were touched by the warmth of the welcome. ③He greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived. ④He decided to get warmed up with people he knew. 7.虚弱的;使变弱;弱点;虚弱地 ①He became very weak towards the end of his life. ②Nothing could weaken his resolve to continue. ③He turned to Jack and cried out weakly,“Help me,Father!” ④Many of us look at ourselves and we only see our weaknesses. 8.重;称重量;重量;失重的 ①The baby girl weighed only 2 kilos at birth. ②There are certain factors that affect people’s size and weight. ③Helen described life in a weightless environment during her period in space. 9.宽阔的;广泛的;拓宽;宽;宽阔地;广泛地 ①The river is too wide.We can’t swim across. ②His eyes widened as he spoke the words. ③The hall is 15 metres in length and 8 metres in width. ④Birds are widely believed to have evolved from dinosaurs. 10.意志;愿意;乐意的;乐意地;乐意;不愿意的,不情愿的 ①Her decision to continue shows great strength of will. ②I am willing to admit that I do make mistakes. ③Many of them gave their own lives for their country willingly. ④She was unable,or unwilling,to give me any further details. 2. 续写整合 1. 2. 人物定格 Near the horizon, the sky was growing scarlet. A beam of sunlight shed a soft glow on her rosy cheeks. She felt she was the luckiest girl in the world. 地平线附近的天空变得绯红。一束阳光照在她红润的脸颊上。她觉得自己是世界上最幸运的女孩。 3. 景物定格 Outside the window, the light breeze was blowing, leaving the leaves rustling, as if cheering for them.窗外，微风吹过，树叶沙沙作响，好像在为它们欢呼。 The sky was a billion pure eyes of light and the grass green underfoot, it was as if night and day had become one beautiful moment. Dawn had come. 天空像是十亿只纯净的眼睛拼接在一起，脚下是青草，仿佛黑夜和白昼已化为一个美丽的时刻。黎明已经来临。(黎明到来的画面) Dotted with glittering stars, the sky, midnight blue, gave the scene a fairytale quality. 午夜蓝色的天空点缀着闪烁的星星，给这一场景增添了童话般的色彩。 4. 环境 The sun looked at her with a glowing smile and the flowers nodded merrily towards her. 太阳带着热情的微笑看着她，花儿开心地向她点头。 It was so quiet in the bedroom that the sound of a needle falling on the ground could be heard.卧室里很安静，连一根针掉在地上的声音都听得见。 5. 情感 基础句型：情绪类名词+flooded over me. 开心：A huge smile spread across her face, which lit up my gloomy afternoon. 她脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容，照亮了我那个阴郁的下午。 悲伤：An air of sorrow and loneliness settled over her. 悲伤和孤独的气氛笼罩着她。 Feeling down, please just leave me alone. 我情绪低落，请让我静静。 紧张：My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled. With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 我的心狂跳，双腿发抖。我心里七上八下，深深地吸了一口气。 恐惧：Extremely frightened, I felt my legs were trembling. 惊恐之下，我发觉我两腿发抖。 后悔：Hardly had she spoken than she regretted it bitterly. 话刚出口，她就后悔不已。 同情：A flood of sympathy and sadness emerged in my heart. 一股同情和悲伤涌上我的心头。 6. 肖像 Her face was wet and red, her eyes full of sadness.她的脸湿漉漉的，红红的，眼里充满了悲伤。 7. 神态：As I entered, he looked up from his book, a warm smile spreading across his face.当我进来时，他从书上抬起头来，脸上洋溢着温暖的微笑。 8. 动作：I gave him a firm handshake, jumped out of the car and made a mad dash for the bus and jumped onto it just before it left. 我和他坚定地握了握手，跳下车，疯狂地向公共汽车冲去，在汽车开动前跳上了车。 9. 情绪+环境 It being extremely hot, a sense of depression flooded over me. 天气非常炎热，一股压抑感袭来。 10. 主题句 比赛：As long as we dare to dream and don’t let difficulties get in our way, anything is possible.只要我们敢于梦想,不畏困难,一切皆有可能。 助人为乐：As a matter of fact,a small gesture of care will possibly melt people’s loneliness. 事实上,一个表达关爱的小举动也会融化人们内心的孤单。 家庭：The warm golden sunlight,flooding in through the window,together with love between my family,warmed us. 金色暖阳透过窗户照进来,和家人之间的爱一起,温暖了我们。 友谊：There’s just one sure delight,friendship,like sunrise,warm and bright. 只有一种确定的快乐,那就是友谊,就像日出一样温暖而明亮。 成长：This experience served as a reminder that with great determination and a clever mind trick,one can achieve anything and reach far.这段经历提醒我们,只要有坚定的决心和聪明的思维技巧,一个人就能取得任何成就,走得更远。 宽容：What happened today made me realize that forgiveness and patience is a kind of virtue.今天发生的事情让我意识到宽恕和耐心是一种美德。 脱险.Finally,we went out of the forest that trapped us.What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’s always a way out of any difficult situation as long as we stay calm. 最后,我们走出了困住我们的森林。多么难忘的经历啊!事实证明,只要我们保持冷静,就总有办法摆脱任何困境。 $$