精品解析：广东省广州市执信中学2024-2025学年高三下学期第三次测试英语试题

2025届高三第三次测试 英语试题 本试卷共9页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Home The UN Workforce Pay and Benefits Career Joumeys Career Options How to Apply Apply Now Home >> How To Apply Application Process ˇ Creating Your Job Application FAQs on preparing your Application Q: Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening （JO）? A: Yes. Naturally, a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO, but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position. Q: What’s the difference between duties and achievements? A: Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job. Q: Many of my achievements are team-based, how do I draft them in my Application? A: You should-include your team-based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team and describe your specific role in reaching the goal. FAQs on general Application guidelines Q: Can I save my Application? A: Yes. You should save your Application when you make changes and/ or update it. It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying. Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO? A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs. Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application? A: No. In fact, doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application. Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner. Application Tips At Your Interview What we look for Information about Tests, Assessments and Examinations ˇ Warning-Confidence Schemes and Scams - Employment Matters 1. Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements? A. I’m in charge of the production and distribution of information material. B. I’ve developed various interests, ranging from oil painting to designing model. C. I succeeded in directing a presentation, assisting our group to win the first prize. D. I’m good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market. 2. If you want to apply for another JO, you’d better ______. A. target your focus on your interest in the JO B. save your latest application in Word format C. prepare one application with all your competencies D. update your application to match new requirements 3. It is suggested that the Application should be ______. A. complex B. wordy C. concise D. comprehensive 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了联合国工作申请的流程与指南。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据FAQs on preparing your Application部分中“Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job.(成就具体描述了你在工作中做得“有多好”)”以及“Q:Many of my achievements are team-based, how do I draft them in my Application? A: You should include your team-based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team and describe your specific role in reaching the goal.(Q:我的很多成就都是基于团队的，我该如何在申请中起草它们呢？A: 你应该在申请中包含你基于团队的成就。表明你是团队的一员，并描述你在实现目标过程中的具体角色)”可知，成就需具体说明工作完成的程度。C选项“我成功指导了一场展示，帮助我们小组赢得了一等奖”最能体现你的成就，因为它既具体说明了成就的内容（指导展示并获奖），又暗示了个人在其中的作用（成功指导）。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据FAQs on general Application guidelines部分中“Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO? A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO.(Q: 我可以更新我的申请以申请新的职位空缺吗？A: 是的。每次你申请一个新的职位空缺时，我们建议你审查你的申请，并在适当的情况下更新它，或者针对它更好地反映你对新职位空缺的适合性)”可知，如果你想申请另一个职位空缺，你最好更新你的申请以匹配新的要求。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据问题Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application?部分中“Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner(鼓励申请人以清晰和简明的方式列出他们的职责和成就)”可知，建议申请书应该简明扼要。故选C。 B Mark Brown, 57, had been making films for 30 years before he came to realize he needed to do something else — but what. A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second career in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out. There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail. “While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows,” Brown became a tree portraitist. Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.” Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “I’m an old man yet I’m only 71, and some of the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years old. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.” 4. At the age of 57 Mark Brown ______. A. moved into his old house B. awakened a childhood interest C. Reached the peak of his life D. developed a passion for gardening 5. What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown? A. It helped him start a new career. B. It linked him with the world, C. He built a tree house in it. D. He studied creatures in it. 6. What is Brown working on? A. Setting up tree organizations. B. Looking for cures for tree diseases. C. Drawing to call for protection for trees. D. Travelling to select important trees in Britain. 7. Which of the following best describes Brown? A. Persistent and honest B. Optimistic and conventional. C. Energetic and adventurous D. Dedicated and reflective. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Mark Brown在 57 岁时转行成为树木肖像画家的经历，通过绘画呼吁保护古树并从中感悟生命与时间的意义。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second career in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out. (几年前，他买下了儿时的房子并搬了进去。当布朗考虑将园艺作为第二职业时，他听到了内心不同的声音。“那个曾经热爱画画的孩子多年来一直在我耳边低语，”他说。他内心深处一些未被承认的渴望被激发了出来)”可知，在57岁时，Mark Brown唤起了童年的兴趣。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows,” Brown became a tree portraitist. (他说，他画完的橡树“有着真正的力量”。“当你走向它时，它就在生长，”布朗成了一名树木肖像画家)”可知，橡树帮助他开启了一项新的职业。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. (布朗说，绘画不仅是一种关爱和保护的行为，也是“将我对自然世界的热情和我的创造力联系起来的纽带”)”以及倒数第二段中“Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. (布朗已经开始创作一系列20幅关于英国最重要白蜡树的画作)”可知，布朗正在通过绘画来呼吁保护树木。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. (在接下来的几年里，他走遍了英国，在古树论坛、树木委员会和林地信托基金的帮助下，他花了几天时间与选定的树木在一起)”以及最后一段中“When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them. (当我和它们在一起，当我画它们的时候，我会想到我生命的终结，以及人类生命在它们脚下短暂流逝的本质)”可推知，布朗是一个敬业且善于反思的人。故选D项。 C A new study reveals that pigeons (鸽子) can tackle some problems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them to solve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previous research has theorized that pigeons employ a problem-solving strategy, involving a trial-and-error approach, which is similar to the approach used in AI models but differs from humans’ reliance on selective attention and rule use. To examine it, Brandon Turner, a psychology professor at the Ohio State University, and his colleagues conducted the new study. In the study, the pigeons were presented with various visual images, including lines of different widths and angles, and different types of rings. The pigeons had to peck (啄) a button on the right or left to indicate the category to which the image belonged. If they got it correct, they received food; if they were wrong, they received nothing. Results showed that, through trial and error, the pigeons improved their accuracy in categorization tasks, increasing their correct choices from about 55% to 95%. Researchers believed pigeons used associative learning, which is linking two phenomena with each other. For example, it is easy to understand the link between “water” and “wet”. “Associative learning is frequently assumed to be far too primitive to explain complex visual categorization like what we saw the pigeons do,” Turner said. But that’s exactly what the researchers found. The researchers’ AI model tackled the same tasks using just the two simple mechanisms that pigeons were assumed to use: associative learning and error correction. And, like the pigeons, the AI model learned to make the right predictions to significantly increase the number of correct answers. For humans, the challenge when given tasks like those given to pigeons is that they would try to come up with rules that could make the task easier. But in this case, there were no rules, which upsets humans. What’s interesting, though, is that pigeons use this method of learning that is very similar to AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate how smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigeons as not clever animals,” he said. 8. What is the purpose of the new study? A. To test a theory. B. To evaluate a model. C To apply a strategy. D. To involve an approach. 9. What were the pigeons expected to do in the experiment? A. Draw circles. B. Correct errors. C. Copy gestures. D. Identify images. 10. What do pigeons and AI have in common according to the study? A. They are of equal intelligence. B. They create rules to make tasks easier. C. They respond rapidly to orders from humans. D. They employ simple ways to get things done. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Pigeons’ trial-and-error method is revealed B. Pigeons outperform humans in tough tasks C. “Not smart” pigeons may be as smart as AI D. AI models after pigeons’ learning approach 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了鸽子与人工智能在解决问题方法上的相似性。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Previous research has theorized that pigeons employ a problem-solving strategy, involving a trial-and-error approach, which is similar to the approach used in AI models but differs from humans’ reliance on selective attention and rule use. To examine it, Brandon Turner, a psychology professor at the Ohio State University, and his colleagues conducted the new study.(先前的研究提出理论认为鸽子采用一种问题解决策略，包括试错法，这与人工智能模型中使用的方法相似，但与人类依赖选择性注意力和使用规则不同。为了检验这一点，俄亥俄州立大学心理学教授布兰登·特纳和他的同事进行了这项新研究)”可推知，新研究的目的是检验一个理论。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the study, the pigeons were presented with various visual images, including lines of different widths and angles, and different types of rings. The pigeons had to peck (啄) a button on the right or left to indicate the category to which the image belonged.(在这项研究中，向鸽子展示了各种视觉图像，包括不同宽度和角度的线条以及不同类型的圆环。鸽子必须啄一下左边或右边的按钮，以表明图像所属的类别)”可知，鸽子在实验中需要识别图像。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中““What’s interesting, though, is that pigeons use this method of learning that is very similar to AI designed by humans,” Turner said.(特纳说：“然而，有趣的是，鸽子使用的这种学习方法与人类设计的人工智能非常相似。”)”以及倒数第二段中“The researchers’ AI model tackled the same tasks using just the two simple mechanisms that pigeons were assumed to use: associative learning and error correction.(研究人员的人工智能模型仅使用鸽子被认为使用的两种简单机制来解决同样的任务：联想学习和纠错)”可知，根据这项研究，鸽子和人工智能的共同点是它们都使用简单的方法来完成任务。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段提出一项新研究表明鸽子能像人工智能一样解决一些难题，接着讲述了研究人员为检验鸽子采用试错法这一理论而进行的研究，以及研究发现鸽子使用的学习方法与人类设计的人工智能非常相似，还提到鸽子和人工智能模型都使用简单的联想学习和纠错机制来完成任务，而人类在面对类似任务时会试图制定规则，但这里没有规则，这会让人类感到困扰。C选项““Not smart’ pigeons may be as smart as AI(“不聪明”的鸽子可能和人工智能一样聪明)”符合文章主旨，适合用作标题。故选C。 D Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 12. What does the underlined word “exclusive” probably mean? A. Alternative. B. Rare. C. Interactive. D. Separate. 13. What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed at? A. Popularizing a new science-poetry journal. B. Inspiring outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C. Encouraging science communication through poems. D. Getting scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 14. Which of the following ideas may Silva agree with? A. It is easier and more interesting to write poems. B. Poetry helps simplify complicated scientific ideas. C. Science shouldn’t be taught in public lectures with PPT slides. D. Poems are used to create dialogues between scientists and poets. 15. What is the purpose of the article? A. To promote an idea. B. To offer suggestions. C To prove an assumption. D. To present conflicting views. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家通过诗歌形式传播科学知识的趋势及其意义，强调科学与艺术可以相互融合，以促进公众对科学的理解与兴趣。 【12题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. (但情况并非总是如此。数学家Ada Lovelace和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell都是才华横溢的诗人。诗人John Keats是一名持证外科医生。将这两种做法结合起来在19世纪就不再受欢迎了)”可知，诗歌和科学在19世纪之前并不总是分开的，结合转折词But可推知，画线词所在句意思是“今天，诗歌和科学通常被认为是相互排斥的职业道路”，由此可知，画线词意思是“分开的”。A. Alternative可供选择的；B. Rare罕见的；C. Interactive互动的；D. Separate分开的。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. (通过研讨会和一本名为《Consilience》的新科学诗歌杂志，Illingworth正在帮助科学家们将他们的最新研究成果转化为诗歌，从而吸引那些非科学领域的人的欣赏)”可知，Illingworth的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学交流。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. (伦敦帝国理工学院的教育家、科学家兼诗人Manjula Silva对此表示赞同。Silva说，诗歌提供了一种将复杂的科学概念转化为每个人都能理解的语言的方法。)”可知，Silva认为诗歌能将复杂的科学概念转化为大众易懂的语言，由此推断，Silva会同意B选项“诗歌有助于简化复杂的科学思想”这一观点。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. (今天，诗歌和科学通常被认为是相互排斥的职业道路。但情况并非总是如此。数学家Ada Lovelace和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell都是才华横溢的诗人。诗人John Keats是一名持证外科医生。将这两种做法结合起来在19世纪就不再受欢迎了。但将研究转化为歌词、俳句和其他诗歌形式正在科学家中重新兴起，因为他们正在寻找用他们的发现来激励他人的替代方法)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过历史事例、人物访谈和具体实践说明了科学家借助诗歌进行科学传播的趋势，并强调这种做法的意义和价值。全文围绕“诗歌与科学结合”这一理念展开，旨在推广这一想法。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are an introverted (内向) person who tends to focus too much on yourself or stay quiet in public places, don’t feel annoyed. Bestselling author Susan Cain says that supporting introverts during childhood can help shape them into high-achieving adults. ____16____ The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts. ____17____ Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully. In the introduction to her book, Cain shares a question she was asked all the time as a child: “Why are you so quiet?” It was usually asked out of concern, she noted. People took her silence as a sign of uneasiness or anger. In fact, she was just listening and observing her surroundings. ____18____ Cain says introverts make for the best listeners. As keen listeners, introverts can pick up on information that some extroverts might overlook. Unlike extroverts, introverts are not known for jumping to conclusions, and as a result, they tend to receive more attention and appreciation from audiences when they do speak. ____19____ However, introverts tend to contribute their best work and ideas on their own. “Introverts have an impressive ability to be independent,” Cain wrote. “We find strength in solitude (孤独) and are able to use our precious alone time to focus and concentrate.”____20____ A. Listening is one of the necessary skills in life. B. It starts with recognizing their “hidden strengths”. C. Extroverts are known to perform well in group settings. D. In some way, observing is more important than listening. E. However, leaders need such kinds of abilities to make decisions. F. But leadership doesn’t need to be quite social or attention-seeking. G. This is why pushing introverted kids to do group projects ends up backfiring. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了内向者(或称为“内向性格的人”)的优势和成长潜力。 【16题详解】 上文“Bestselling author Susan Cain says that supporting introverts during childhood can help shape them into high-achieving adults.(畅销书作家苏珊·凯恩说，在童年时期支持内向的人可以帮助他们成长为成就卓越的成年人)”提出在童年时期支持内向的人可以帮助他们成长，B项“It starts with recognizing their “hidden strengths”.(首先要认识到他们“隐藏的优势”)”承接上文，介绍如何支持他们：认识到他们“隐藏的优势”。第二段“The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts. 2 Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully.(传统的领导模式被认为是外向、健谈和勇敢的——这些都是外向者的典型特征。 2 。相反，人们相信，真正的领导者是被一种欲望所驱动的，这种欲望推动着他们提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的状况。此外，“冷静的领导者”可以更有效地解决问题，更好地识别哪些风险值得承担，这要感谢他们处理信息和更仔细地做出决策的能力)”对B项中“隐藏的优势”进行了详细说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 【17题详解】 上文“The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts.(传统的领导模式被认为是外向、健谈和勇敢的——这些都是外向者的典型特征)”介绍对领导模式的传统认知，下文“Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully.(相反，人们相信，真正的领导者是被一种欲望所驱动的，这种欲望推动着他们提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的状况。此外，“冷静的领导者”可以更有效地解决问题，更好地识别哪些风险值得承担，这要感谢他们处理信息和更仔细地做出决策的能力)”提出另一种看法，“冷静的领导者”才是真正的领导者，上下文有转换关系。F项“But leadership doesn’t need to be quite social or attention-seeking.(但领导力并不需要非常社交化或引人注目)”承上启下，引出下文。故选F项。 【18题详解】 上文“In fact, she was just listening and observing her surroundings.(事实上，她只是在倾听和观察她周围的环境)”中凯恩解释自己只是在倾听，A项“Listening is one of the necessary skills in life.(倾听是生活中必要的技能之一)”承接上文，说明倾听的重要性，上下文语意一致。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“However, introverts tend to contribute their best work and ideas on their own.(然而，内向的人倾向于自己贡献他们最好的工作和想法)”可知，上下文有转折关系。下文讲内向的人的优势，与C项“Extroverts are known to perform well in group settings.(众所周知，外向的人在群体环境中表现良好)”讲外向的人的长处，上下文形成对比转折关系。故选C项。 【20题详解】 上文““Introverts have an impressive ability to be independent,” Cain wrote. “We find strength in solitude (孤独) and are able to use our precious alone time to focus and concentrate.”(“内向的人有令人印象深刻的独立能力，”凯恩写道。“我们在孤独中找到力量，能够利用宝贵的独处时间来集中注意力。”)”中凯恩介绍了内向的人的特质：具有独立能力，能够利用宝贵的独处时间来集中注意力。G项“This is why pushing introverted kids to do group projects ends up backfiring.(这就是为什么强迫内向的孩子做小组项目最终会适得其反)”承接上文，说明因为这一特质，就不能强迫内向的孩子做小组项目，上下文语意一致。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As I walked to the market this morning, I saw a poorly dressed old man with a towel covering his face sitting in front of a shop. I ___21___ he was a beggar looking for charity. I made a mental note that on my way back from the market I should give him whatever ___22___ I had. A few feet away was a young man on the pavement ___23___ in a drunken state and no one who passed by took any ___24___ . I thought in my mind it was some good-for-nothing, drunkard who had ___25___ all his money on alcohol. I finished all my shopping, and walked back along the same road. When I reached the beggar, I put out my hand full of change ___26___ him asking him to take it. He shook his head as though saying that he did not need it. I ___27___ and pushed it into his hand . As I stood there, ___28___ of my great act of charity, the beggar slowly got up, walked up to the young man lying on the pavement, and shook him awake, ___29___ him something close to his ear. I stood there watching with ___30___ as he walked to the tea shop, where he asked for something for which he paid with the money I gave and ___31___ a bread. He then went back to the young man, and helped him to ___32___ and eat the bread. He noticed that I was still there so he said , “That young boy has not eaten for two days and has no energy even to sit up. That is why he ___33___ on the pavement.” Suddenly I felt so ___34___and admired the nonjudgemental ___35___ of a man who has so little compared to me. 21. A. decided B. suspected C. recalled D. admitted 22. A. food B. opportunity C. change D. job 23. A. suddenly B. obviously C. probably D. gradually 24. A. chance B. picture C. advantage D. notice 25. A. wasted B. made C. earned D. raised 26. A. towards B. over C. past D. for 27. A. shouted B. insisted C. compromised D. commanded 28. A. jealous B. confident C. proud D. hopeful 29. A. showing B. leaving C. handing D. asking 30. A. joy B. amazement C. thrill D. disappointment 31. A. delivered B. shared C. collected D. brought 32. A. sit B. lie C. stand D. wash 33. A. begged B. collapsed C. died D. slept 34. A. sad B. down C. great D. small 35. A. patience B. tolerance C. integrity D. generosity 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者在早晨去市场时遇到一个衣衫褴褛的老人在商店前乞讨，并决定给他一些零钱。但在与老人互动的过程中，作者发现他帮助了一个醉倒在路边的年轻人，用作者给的零钱买了食物给他吃。这个经历让作者感到自己的渺小，并对这位老人的无私慷慨产生了敬佩之情。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我断定他是一个寻求施舍的乞丐。A. decided断定；B. suspected怀疑；C. recalled回忆；D. admitted承认。根据前文“As I walked to the market this morning, I saw a poorly dressed old man with a towel covering his face sitting in front of a shop.”可知，老人衣衫褴褛，所以是作者断定他是一个乞丐。故选A项。 22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里记着，在我从市场回来的路上，我应该把我所有的零钱都给他。A. food食物；B. opportunity机会；C. change零钱；D. job工作。根据后文“When I reached the beggar, I put out my hand full of change 　　6　　 him asking him to take it.”可知，此时作者决定把买菜后剩下的零钱给老人。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：几英尺远的地方，人行道上站着一个年轻人，显然喝醉了酒，但经过的人都没有注意到他。A. suddenly突然；B. obviously显然；C. probably可能；D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文“I thought in my mind it was some good-for-nothing, drunkard who had 　　5　　 all his money on alcohol.”可知，作者认为那是个没用的酒鬼，所以是显然喝醉了酒。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几英尺远的地方，人行道上站着一个年轻人，显然喝醉了酒，但经过的人都没有注意到他。A. chance机会；B. picture照片；C. advantage优势；D. notice注意。根据前文“A few feet away was a young man on the pavement 　　3　　 in a drunken state and no one who passed by”结合选项，可知，年轻人显然喝醉了酒，但没有人注意他符合语境。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心里想，那是个没用的酒鬼，把所有的钱都浪费在酒上了。A. wasted浪费；B. made制造；C. earned赢得；D. raised增加。根据前文“I thought in my mind it was some good-for-nothing”以及后文“all his money on alcohol”可知，作者认为那是个没用的酒鬼，因为他把所有的钱都浪费在酒上了。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：当我走到乞丐身边时，我向他伸出满是零钱的手，请他收下。A. towards向；B. over在……上面；C. past超过；D. for为了。根据后文“He shook his head as though saying that he did not need it”可知，是作者拿出所有零钱给他，但是老人没有接受，此处用towards符合语境。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚持着，把它塞到他手里。A. shouted喊叫；B. insisted坚持；C. compromised妥协；D. commanded命令。根据前文“He shook his head as though saying that he did not need it”以及后文“pushed it into his hand”可知，老人拒绝了作者，但是作者还是把零钱塞到他手里，所以是作者坚持。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，为自己的伟大慈善行为感到自豪，乞丐慢慢地站起来，走到躺在人行道上的年轻人面前，摇醒他，靠近他的耳朵问他些什么。A. jealous嫉妒的；B. confident自信的；C. proud自豪的；D. hopeful充满希望的。根据后文“my great act of charity”结合选项可知，应是“为自己的伟大慈善行为感到自豪”符合语境。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，为自己的伟大慈善行为感到自豪，乞丐慢慢地站起来，走到躺在人行道上的年轻人面前，摇醒他，靠近他的耳朵问他些什么。A. showing表现；B. leaving离开；C. handing递；D. asking询问。根据后文“something close to his ear”可知，靠近耳边，应是询问他什么符合实际。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，惊奇地看着他走向茶馆，在那里他要了些东西，用我给的钱付了钱，拿了一个面包。A. joy快乐；B. amazement惊奇；C. thrill激动；D. disappointment失望。根据前文“As I stood there, 　　8　　 of my great act of charity, the beggar slowly got up, walked up to the young man lying on the pavement, and shook him awake, 　　9　　 him something close to his ear.”可知，作者给了老人钱，老人确去询问那个作者意为是醉鬼的年轻人，所以作者应是感到惊奇。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里，惊奇地看着他走向茶馆，在那里他要了些东西，用我给的钱付了钱，拿了一个面包。A. delivered交付；B. shared共享；C. collected领取；D. brought带来。根据前文“where he asked for something for which he paid with the money I gave”可知，老人用作者给的钱买了东西，所以是领取一个面包。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他回到年轻人身边，帮他坐起来吃面包。A. sit坐；B. lie躺；C. stand站立；D. wash洗。根据后文“That young boy has not eaten for two days and has no energy even to sit up”可知，年轻人饿的坐不起来，所以老人帮他坐起来。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是他倒在人行道上的原因。A. begged乞讨；B. collapsed倒下；C. died死；D. slept睡觉。根据前文“That young boy has not eaten for two days and has no energy even to sit up”可知，年轻人饿的坐不起来，所以是倒在人行道上。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我觉得自己很渺小，我很佩服这个人的不加评判的慷慨。A. sad悲哀的；B. down情绪低落的；C. great伟大的；D. small小的。根据前文“I thought in my mind it was some good-for-nothing, drunkard who had 　　5　　 all his money on alcohol.”以及后文“admired the nonjudgemental”可知，作者自己以貌取人，妄加批判，而老人确是不加评判的帮助他人，所以让作者感到自己很渺小。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我觉得自己很渺小，我很佩服这个人的不加评判的慷慨。A. patience耐心；B. tolerance容忍；C. integrity诚实；D. generosity慷慨。根据前文“As I stood there, 　　8　　 of my great act of charity, the beggar slowly got up, walked up to the young man lying on the pavement, and shook him awake, 　　9　　 him something close to his ear.”可知，老人第一时间用作者给的零钱去帮助年轻人，所以是慷慨的。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huishan clay figurines (泥人) are produced in the western suburb of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, and are one of China’s most famous folk arts, having a history ____36____(stretch) back over a thousand years. The craft originated in the Southern Dynasties and reached ____37____(it) peak in the Qing Dynasty. During the Qing, an artist made five clay figurines for Emperor Qianlong(1711~1799) and ____38____(reward) with high praise from the royal family. Huishan figurines differ from those of other localities in that they are always small and always feature a big head. They divide into two types - mold-pressed and hand-crafted. The ____39____(cheap), molded figures often serve as children’s toys while the hand-crafted pieces are more refined and original. The characters depicted (描绘) come ____40____(large) from legends and Chinese opera plots. Da A Fu, a plump(微胖的) boy holding a fish, is the most popular figure in Huishan clay art. The legend ____41____(go) that long, long ago, a god, disguised as a boy, beat a fierce lion ____42____ saved the children in Huishan. ____43____(express) appreciation, local people started to make clay figures of their boy savior Da A Fu. One-third of the overall figure is taken up by Da A Fu’s large head, ___44___ a face round as a full moon and big ears reaching down to his shoulders. It is ____45____ image implying happiness and good fortune. 【答案】36. stretching 37. its 38. was rewarded 39. cheaper 40. largely 41. goes 42. and 43. To express 44. with 45. an 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了惠山泥人的历史，并着重介绍了泥人大阿福的由来和对当地人的意义。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：惠山泥人产于江苏省无锡市西郊，是中国最著名的民间艺术之一，有着一千多年的历史。分析句子可知，空处应填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词history，stretch与逻辑主语history为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填stretching。 【37题详解】 考查代词。句意：这种工艺起源于南朝，在清朝达到顶峰。修饰后文名词peak，表示“它的”，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【38题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：清代，一位艺术家为乾隆皇帝（1711~1799）制作了五尊泥人，受到皇室的高度赞扬。空处和上文made并列作谓语，主语artist和reward之间为被动关系，且陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，故填was rewarded。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：较便宜塑料模型人物通常用作儿童玩具，而手工制作的作品则更精致、更新颖。根据下文more refined and original可知，此处是指相比之下塑料模型人物的价格更加便宜，因此空处用比较级cheaper作定语，修饰名词短语molded figures。故填cheaper。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：所描绘的人物主要来自传说和中国戏曲情节。修饰动词短语come from，应用所给词的副词形式。故填largely。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：传说很久很久以前，在惠山，一个神，伪装成一个男孩，打了一头凶猛的狮子，救了孩子们。空处为主句谓语，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语the legend为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。the legend goes that...“相传……”。故填goes。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：传说很久很久以前，在惠山，一个神，伪装成一个男孩，打了一头凶猛的狮子，救了孩子们。“打败凶猛的狮子”与“救了孩子们”是顺承关系，应用and连接。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查不定式。句意：为了表示感谢，当地人开始制作他们的救星大阿福的泥人。结合句意可知，人们制作泥人大阿福是为了表达感激，因此空处填不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To express。 【44题详解】 考查with复合结构。句意：大阿福的大头占了整个形象的三分之一，脸圆得像满月，大耳朵垂到肩膀上。分析可知，此处为with复合结构作伴随状语，句中round和reaching down分别为形容词、现在分词作宾补。故填with。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是一个象征幸福和好运的形象。image“形象”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且image的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 同普通话一样，地方方言也是我们中华文化的重要组成部分。请你以“Protect and Pass on Our Dialects”为题写一篇短文向你校英语报文化专栏投稿，呼吁大家保护地方方言。 参考词汇：普通话mandarin 注意：写作词数应为80左右，所给出的标题不算入总词数内。 Protect and Pass on Our Dialects _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Protect And Pass On Our Dialects Recent years have witnessed that fewer and fewer young people are capable of speaking their dialects. Dialects are facing challenges and losing ground gradually. While mandarin is crucial for most Chinese people, the significance of local dialects is undeniable. Actually, not only are dialects communication tools, but they also play a very important role in cultural heritage, representing our roots and history. Furthermore, it is dialects that contribute to the diversity of cultures in different regions. Therefore, it is high time that dialects should be preserved so that they can be heard by the next generations. Let’s embrace and celebrate the diversity of our dialects, ensuring their survival for generations to come. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Protect and Pass on Our Dialects”为题写一篇短文向学校英语报文化专栏投稿，呼吁大家保护地方方言。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的：crucial→vital 而且：furthermore→what’s more 庆祝：celebrate→observe 确保：ensure→make sure 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Recent years have witnessed that fewer and fewer young people are capable of speaking their dialects. Dialects are facing challenges and losing ground gradually. 拓展句：With fewer and fewer young people speaking, dialects are facing challenges and losing ground gradually. 【点睛】[高分句型1] While mandarin is crucial for most Chinese people, the significance of local dialects is undeniable. (运用了while引导让步状语从句) [高分句型2] Let’s embrace and celebrate the diversity of our dialects, ensuring their survival for generations to come. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇 完整的短文。 In our weekly staff meeting, our editor Ashley was not pleased with the quality of our reporting. “Our readership is way down. We need better stories for this Thursday’s school newspaper. Does anybody have any ideas?” she said. I handed her my article about our basketball team beating Deerfield High School the previous night by one point. “Sports stories are fun,” she said, “but not good enough for the front page. We need something to really get people ‘s attention.” After our meeting, we left the newsroom together and heard someone screaming, “Perry is missing!” Perry was a big red parrot and had been our school mascot (吉祥物) for ten years. He played an important role in students’ lives, both in and out of class. He had also been a constant presence at school events, inspiring a sense of unity among students. Everyone gathered around Perry’s empty cage, heartbroken. Suddenly, a student from the crowd came over and showed me a photo. “You’re a reporter for the school paper, right? I happened to take this yesterday,” he said. In the photo was a Deerfield High School basketball player with something large hidden under his shirt around the size of a parrot. “He must have stolen Perry to get back at us for winning the game!” Ashley cried. We hurried back to the newsroom, agreeing to run the photo on the front page with the headline “Deerfeld Stole Perry.” “This is just the story we need. Everyone will read it,” Ashley said confidently. After she left, I took a closer look at the photo. The clock in the background read 4:15 pm, but our game against Deerfield hadn’t started until 4:30 pm. Why would the boy have taken Perry before we even played? An uneasy feeling came over me that we might have falsely accused someone. I went to Perry’s usual caretaker to ask if he knew Perry was missing. ”He’s not missing. He’s retired. He’s ready for some quieter days,“ he said. Learning the truth, I immediately told Ashley and suggested writing a story to say goodbye to Perry. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To my surprise, Ashley insisted on reporting the “Deerfield Stole Perry” story. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On Thursday, the paper came out with the headline “Bye-Bye, Perry” on the front page. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 To my surprise, Ashley insisted on reporting the “Deerfield Stole Perry” story. “This is the very story we need to attract more readers,” she argued. To convince her, I defended that if we wrote this article, we would be telling a lie. Noticing her hesitant expression, I further explained the potential harm it would cause to the player and our, paper ‘s reputation. After some discussion, Ashley finally gave in, “OK, let’s try with real stories.“ Then I went to gather all the necessary information to write an article about Perry and the precious memories we shared over the years. On Thursday, the paper came out with the headline “Bye-Bye, Perry” on the front page. Soon, it sparked heated discussions among students about Perry. Many were disappointed with Perry’s sudden departure, but were comforted by the fact that he was in good care. The story also evoked sweet memories of Perry. Some students even requested to share their stories of him in our paper! Seeing the story’s success, Ashley came to me and said sincerely, “You are right! It’s a good story.” Her words brought me a great sense of fulfillment. Indeed, true stories might not always draw attention, but they have the power to touch and connect. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一家报社工作，他们的吉祥物佩里被迪尔菲尔德高中的篮球运动员偷走了，调查得知是佩里退休了。阿什利本来想报道被偷这件事，但是作者说明了可能对选手和报纸的声誉造成的潜在伤害。最后阿什利放弃了，他们报道了佩里退休的新闻，这一报道取得了成功。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“令我惊讶的是，阿什利坚持要报道‘迪尔菲尔德偷走了佩里’的故事”可知，第一段可描写作者反对这一决定，说明了其中的危害以及他们最后决定报道佩里退休的事情。 ②由第二段首句内容“周四，报纸头版的标题是‘再见，佩里’”可知，第二段可描写报道佩里退休的新闻产生的影响以及取得成功。 2.续写线索：阿什利坚持报道被偷——作者指出危害——阿什利让步——报道佩里——引发讨论——故事取得成功——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①解释：explain/illustrate ②造成：cause/lead to ③注意到：notice/take notice of 情绪类 ①宝贵的：precious/valuable ②成就：fulfillment/achievement 【点睛】[高分句型1] To convince her, I defended that if we wrote this article, we would be telling a lie. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Many were disappointed with Perry’s sudden departure, but were comforted by the fact that he was in good care. (运用了that引导同位语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高三第三次测试 英语试题 本试卷共9页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Home The UN Workforce Pay and Benefits Career Joumeys Career Options How to Apply Apply Now Home >> How To Apply Application Process ˇ Creating Your Job Application FAQs on preparing your Application Q: Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening （JO）? A: Yes. Naturally a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO, but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position. Q: What’s the difference between duties and achievements? A: Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job. Q: Many of my achievements are team-based, how do I draft them in my Application? A: You should-include your team-based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team and describe your specific role in reaching the goal. FAQs on general Application guidelines Q: Can I save my Application? A: Yes. You should save your Application when you make changes and/ or update it. It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying. Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO? A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs. Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application? A: No. In fact, doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application. Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner. Application Tips At Your Interview What we look for Information about Tests, Assessments and Examinations ˇ Warning-Confidence Schemes and Scams - Employment Matters 1. Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements? A. I’m in charge of the production and distribution of information material. B. I’ve developed various interests, ranging from oil painting to designing model. C. I succeeded in directing a presentation, assisting our group to win the first prize. D. I’m good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market. 2. If you want to apply for another JO, you’d better ______. A. target your focus on your interest in the JO B. save your latest application in Word format C. prepare one application with all your competencies D update your application to match new requirements 3. It is suggested that the Application should be ______. A. complex B. wordy C. concise D. comprehensive B Mark Brown, 57, had been making films for 30 years before he came to realize he needed to do something else — but what. A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second career in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out. There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail. “While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows,” Brown became a tree portraitist. Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.” Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “I’m an old man yet I’m only 71, and some of the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years old. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.” 4. At the age of 57, Mark Brown ______. A. moved into his old house B. awakened a childhood interest C. Reached the peak of his life D. developed a passion for gardening 5 What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown? A. It helped him start a new career. B. It linked him with the world, C. He built a tree house in it. D. He studied creatures in it. 6. What is Brown working on? A. Setting up tree organizations. B. Looking for cures for tree diseases. C. Drawing to call for protection for trees. D. Travelling to select important trees in Britain. 7. Which of the following best describes Brown? A. Persistent and honest B. Optimistic and conventional. C. Energetic and adventurous D. Dedicated and reflective. C A new study reveals that pigeons (鸽子) can tackle some problems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them to solve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previous research has theorized that pigeons employ a problem-solving strategy, involving a trial-and-error approach, which is similar to the approach used in AI models but differs from humans’ reliance on selective attention and rule use. To examine it, Brandon Turner, a psychology professor at the Ohio State University, and his colleagues conducted the new study. In the study, the pigeons were presented with various visual images, including lines of different widths and angles, and different types of rings. The pigeons had to peck (啄) a button on the right or left to indicate the category to which the image belonged. If they got it correct, they received food; if they were wrong, they received nothing. Results showed that, through trial and error, the pigeons improved their accuracy in categorization tasks, increasing their correct choices from about 55% to 95%. Researchers believed pigeons used associative learning, which is linking two phenomena with each other. For example, it is easy to understand the link between “water” and “wet”. “Associative learning is frequently assumed to be far too primitive to explain complex visual categorization like what we saw the pigeons do,” Turner said. But that’s exactly what the researchers found. The researchers’ AI model tackled the same tasks using just the two simple mechanisms that pigeons were assumed to use: associative learning and error correction. And, like the pigeons, the AI model learned to make the right predictions to significantly increase the number of correct answers. For humans, the challenge when given tasks like those given to pigeons is that they would try to come up with rules that could make the task easier. But in this case, there were no rules, which upsets humans. What’s interesting, though, is that pigeons use this method of learning that is very similar to AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate how smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigeons as not clever animals,” he said. 8. What is the purpose of the new study? A. To test a theory. B. To evaluate a model. C. To apply a strategy. D. To involve an approach. 9. What were the pigeons expected to do in the experiment? A. Draw circles. B. Correct errors. C Copy gestures. D. Identify images. 10 What do pigeons and AI have in common according to the study? A. They are of equal intelligence. B. They create rules to make tasks easier. C. They respond rapidly to orders from humans. D. They employ simple ways to get things done. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Pigeons’ trial-and-error method is revealed B. Pigeons outperform humans in tough tasks C. “Not smart” pigeons may be as smart as AI D. AI models after pigeons’ learning approach D Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 12. What does the underlined word “exclusive” probably mean? A. Alternative. B. Rare. C. Interactive. D. Separate. 13. What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed at? A. Popularizing a new science-poetry journal. B. Inspiring outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C. Encouraging science communication through poems. D. Getting scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 14. Which of the following ideas may Silva agree with? A. It is easier and more interesting to write poems. B. Poetry helps simplify complicated scientific ideas. C. Science shouldn’t be taught in public lectures with PPT slides. D. Poems are used to create dialogues between scientists and poets. 15. What is the purpose of the article? A. To promote an idea. B. To offer suggestions. C. To prove an assumption. D. To present conflicting views. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are an introverted (内向) person who tends to focus too much on yourself or stay quiet in public places, don’t feel annoyed. Bestselling author Susan Cain says that supporting introverts during childhood can help shape them into high-achieving adults. ____16____ The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts. ____17____ Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully. In the introduction to her book, Cain shares a question she was asked all the time as a child: “Why are you so quiet?” It was usually asked out of concern, she noted. People took her silence as a sign of uneasiness or anger. In fact, she was just listening and observing her surroundings. ____18____ Cain says introverts make for the best listeners. As keen listeners, introverts can pick up on information that some extroverts might overlook. Unlike extroverts, introverts are not known for jumping to conclusions, and as a result, they tend to receive more attention and appreciation from audiences when they do speak. ____19____ However, introverts tend to contribute their best work and ideas on their own. “Introverts have an impressive ability to be independent,” Cain wrote. “We find strength in solitude (孤独) and are able to use our precious alone time to focus and concentrate.”____20____ A. Listening is one of the necessary skills in life. B. It starts with recognizing their “hidden strengths”. C. Extroverts are known to perform well in group settings. D. In some way, observing is more important than listening. E. However, leaders need such kinds of abilities to make decisions. F. But leadership doesn’t need to be quite social or attention-seeking. G. This is why pushing introverted kids to do group projects ends up backfiring. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As I walked to the market this morning, I saw a poorly dressed old man with a towel covering his face sitting in front of a shop. I ___21___ he was a beggar looking for charity. I made a mental note that on my way back from the market I should give him whatever ___22___ I had. A few feet away was a young man on the pavement ___23___ in a drunken state and no one who passed by took any ___24___ . I thought in my mind it was some good-for-nothing, drunkard who had ___25___ all his money on alcohol. I finished all my shopping, and walked back along the same road. When I reached the beggar, I put out my hand full of change ___26___ him asking him to take it. He shook his head as though saying that he did not need it. I ___27___ and pushed it into his hand . As I stood there, ___28___ of my great act of charity, the beggar slowly got up, walked up to the young man lying on the pavement, and shook him awake, ___29___ him something close to his ear. I stood there watching with ___30___ as he walked to the tea shop, where he asked for something for which he paid with the money I gave and ___31___ a bread. He then went back to the young man, and helped him to ___32___ and eat the bread. He noticed that I was still there so he said , “That young boy has not eaten for two days and has no energy even to sit up. That is why he ___33___ on the pavement.” Suddenly I felt so ___34___and admired the nonjudgemental ___35___ of a man who has so little compared to me. 21. A. decided B. suspected C. recalled D. admitted 22. A. food B. opportunity C. change D. job 23. A. suddenly B. obviously C. probably D. gradually 24. A. chance B. picture C. advantage D. notice 25. A. wasted B. made C. earned D. raised 26. A. towards B. over C. past D. for 27. A. shouted B. insisted C. compromised D. commanded 28. A. jealous B. confident C. proud D. hopeful 29. A. showing B. leaving C. handing D. asking 30. A. joy B. amazement C. thrill D. disappointment 31. A. delivered B. shared C. collected D. brought 32. A. sit B. lie C. stand D. wash 33. A. begged B. collapsed C. died D. slept 34. A. sad B. down C. great D. small 35. A. patience B. tolerance C. integrity D. generosity 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huishan clay figurines (泥人) are produced in the western suburb of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, and are one of China’s most famous folk arts, having a history ____36____(stretch) back over a thousand years. The craft originated in the Southern Dynasties and reached ____37____(it) peak in the Qing Dynasty. During the Qing, an artist made five clay figurines for Emperor Qianlong(1711~1799) and ____38____(reward) with high praise from the royal family. Huishan figurines differ from those of other localities in that they are always small and always feature a big head. They divide into two types - mold-pressed and hand-crafted. The ____39____(cheap), molded figures often serve as children’s toys while the hand-crafted pieces are more refined and original. The characters depicted (描绘) come ____40____(large) from legends and Chinese opera plots. Da A Fu, a plump(微胖的) boy holding a fish, is the most popular figure in Huishan clay art. The legend ____41____(go) that long, long ago, a god, disguised as a boy, beat a fierce lion ____42____ saved the children in Huishan. ____43____(express) appreciation, local people started to make clay figures of their boy savior Da A Fu. One-third of the overall figure is taken up by Da A Fu’s large head, ___44___ a face round as a full moon and big ears reaching down to his shoulders. It is ____45____ image implying happiness and good fortune. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 同普通话一样，地方方言也是我们中华文化的重要组成部分。请你以“Protect and Pass on Our Dialects”为题写一篇短文向你校英语报文化专栏投稿，呼吁大家保护地方方言。 参考词汇：普通话mandarin 注意：写作词数应为80左右，所给出的标题不算入总词数内。 Protect and Pass on Our Dialects _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇 完整的短文。 In our weekly staff meeting, our editor Ashley was not pleased with the quality of our reporting. “Our readership is way down. We need better stories for this Thursday’s school newspaper. Does anybody have any ideas?” she said. I handed her my article about our basketball team beating Deerfield High School the previous night by one point. “Sports stories are fun,” she said, “but not good enough for the front page. We need something to really get people ‘s attention.” After our meeting, we left the newsroom together and heard someone screaming, “Perry is missing!” Perry was a big red parrot and had been our school mascot (吉祥物) for ten years. He played an important role in students’ lives, both in and out of class. He had also been a constant presence at school events, inspiring a sense of unity among students. Everyone gathered around Perry’s empty cage, heartbroken. Suddenly, a student from the crowd came over and showed me a photo. “You’re a reporter for the school paper, right? I happened to take this yesterday,” he said. In the photo was a Deerfield High School basketball player with something large hidden under his shirt around the size of a parrot. “He must have stolen Perry to get back at us for winning the game!” Ashley cried. We hurried back to the newsroom, agreeing to run the photo on the front page with the headline “Deerfeld Stole Perry.” “This is just the story we need. Everyone will read it,” Ashley said confidently. After she left, I took a closer look at the photo. The clock in the background read 4:15 pm, but our game against Deerfield hadn’t started until 4:30 pm. Why would the boy have taken Perry before we even played? An uneasy feeling came over me that we might have falsely accused someone. I went to Perry’s usual caretaker to ask if he knew Perry was missing. ”He’s not missing. He’s retired. He’s ready for some quieter days,“ he said. Learning the truth, I immediately told Ashley and suggested writing a story to say goodbye to Perry. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 To my surprise, Ashley insisted on reporting the “Deerfield Stole Perry” story. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On Thursday, the paper came out with the headline “Bye-Bye, Perry” on the front page. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$