第06讲 完形填空(题型策略与技能自学2)-【暑假自学课】2025年新六年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(鲁教版五四制2024)

第06讲 完形填空(题型策略与技能自学2) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练题型：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 语篇类型 类型一：记叙文 记叙文具有鲜明的特征。它主要以生动的故事形式进行呈现，在这个故事架构之中，涵盖了诸多关键要素。其中，时间（when）是故事发生的具体时段，它明确了故事所处的时间坐标，像 “去年（last year）”“某一天（one day）” 等都是常见的时间标识；地点（where）则界定了故事发生的具体场所，赋予故事特定的空间背景；人物（who）是故事的核心主体，他们的行为和互动推动着故事的发展；事件（what）即故事所围绕展开的具体情节内容，是整个故事的主体部分；而情感（how）则是贯穿于故事之中的情绪脉络，它让读者能够深切感受到故事所蕴含的情感温度。 在叙事结构上，记叙文通常按照时间顺序稳步推进，这样的叙述方式符合人们对事件发展的认知逻辑，能够让读者清晰地跟随故事的发展脉络。在时态运用方面，常用过去时态来叙述，这种时态选择能够营造出一种回顾过往的氛围，使读者仿佛置身于故事发生的那个特定时空之中。为了使故事更加生动形象，记叙文还会巧妙地穿插动作描写，细致刻画人物的一举一动，让人物形象跃然纸上，同时融入人物之间的对话，通过对话展现人物性格、推动情节发展，使故事更加富有生活气息。 记叙文的结尾往往别具匠心，常常隐含着情感的升华或道理的启示。这种结尾方式不仅能够深化故事的主题，引发读者更深入的思考，还能给读者留下悠长的回味空间，让读者在读完故事后，内心产生共鸣，获得情感上的触动和思想上的启迪。 【试题语段】 Last summer, my family moved to a new neighborhood. Next door lived an old lady named Mrs. Smith. At first, I thought she was 1 because she never smiled. One day, I saw her carrying heavy groceries. I ran to help her. She thanked me and said, “You’re a kind girl.” After that, she often 2 me cookies. We became good friends. I learned that people can be warm once you take the first step. 【语段简析】 主题：通过帮助邻居打破隔阂，收获友谊，体现 “主动友善” 的重要性。 结构：（1）开头：背景介绍（搬家、邻居初印象）；（2）发展：关键事件（帮助搬东西）； 高潮：关系转变（Mrs. Smith 送饼干）；（3）结尾：道理总结（主动交往的意义）。 【考查要点】动词（moved, saw, ran）、形容词（kind, warm）、逻辑连词（after that）。 类型二：说明文 说明文具有独特的特征，它主要侧重于客观地阐述事物的特征、相关步骤或者内在原理。在语言表达方面，其追求简洁明了，以确保读者能够快速且准确地理解所传达的信息。同时，逻辑清晰是说明文的关键要素，各个部分之间的衔接紧密，条理分明。 在行文过程中，说明文常常会使用一些特定的词汇来辅助表达。例如常用的顺序词，像 “first”（首先）、“next”（接下来）、“finally”（最后），这些词汇能够清晰地展现事物的先后顺序，帮助读者梳理内容的层次。此外，解释性词汇也较为常见，比如 “such as”（例如）、“for example”（比如），它们的作用是通过具体的事例来进一步阐释抽象的概念或复杂的内容，让读者更易理解。 从结构上来看，说明文多采用 “总 - 分” 或者 “总 - 分 - 总” 的形式。“总 - 分” 结构下，开头会先提出总的观点或者主题，然后分别从不同方面进行阐述；而 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构则在 “总 - 分” 的基础上，结尾再次总结观点，强化主题。无论哪种结构，都具有明确的主题句，主题句犹如文章的核心，概括了文章的主要内容，为读者指引阅读方向。 【试题语段】 Keeping a pet fish is fun but needs care. 1 , choose a suitable fish tank. It should be big enough for the fish to swim. 2 , clean the tank regularly to keep the water clean. Don’t forget to feed the fish once or twice a day, but don’t overfeed. With good care, your fish will stay healthy and happy. 【语段简析】 主题：介绍饲养宠物鱼的步骤和注意事项。 结构：（1）总起：饲养宠物鱼需要细心（主题句）；（2）分述：选鱼缸（first）、清洁（next）、喂食（don’t overfeed）；（3）总结：合理照顾的结果（fish stay healthy）。 【考查要点】顺序副词（First, Next）、形容词（suitable, big）、动词（choose, clean）。 类型三：应用文 应用文涵盖了多种实用文体，其中较为常见的有书信、日记、通知等。每一种文体都具备固定的格式。以书信为例，其标准格式包含称呼，用于明确信件的接收对象，比如 “Dear Mr. Smith” 这类具体称谓；正文部分，主要用来阐述核心内容；以及落款，通常是写信人的署名。 在功能方面，应用文着重于信息的有效传递，会清晰地包含时间、地点、人物、事件等关键要素。例如通知，会明确告知事件发生的具体时间，如 “会议将于下周一上午9点举行”，以及具体地点，像 “在公司二楼会议室”，同时也会提及相关参与人物及事件内容。 从语言表达上看，应用文常用正式或半正式的表达方式。例如在书信中，常用 “Dear...” 作为开头称呼，以 “Sincerely” 等词作为结尾敬语，这种表达方式既体现了礼貌与规范，又符合其作为实用文体的特点。 【试题语段】 Dear Ms. Lee, Thank you for being my English teacher this year. You always make classes 1 . When I was afraid to speak English, you encouraged me to try. Your 2 helped me improve a lot. I’ll never forget your kindness. Happy Teachers’ Day! Best wishes, Anna 【语段简析】 主题：学生写给老师的感谢信，表达感激之情。 结构：（1）称呼：Dear Ms. Lee；（2）正文：感谢原因（课堂有趣、鼓励发言、帮助进步）；（3）结尾：祝福与落款。 【考查要点】形容词（fun, interesting）、名词（help, advice）、情感词汇（encouraged, improve）。 类型四：夹叙夹议文 夹叙夹议文有着较为独特的特征。首先，在文章结构上，它呈现出前半部分着重叙事，而后半部分则主要发表观点或者总结出蕴含的道理。这种结构安排使得文章层次分明，叙事部分为后续的议论奠定基础，犹如搭建起一座坚实的大厦框架，为观点的阐述提供丰富的素材与背景。 叙事与议论之间存在紧密的逻辑联系。叙事绝非单纯的故事讲述，而是为议论进行铺垫。通过对事件的详细叙述，让读者逐步深入情境，在积累了足够的感知与理解后，议论部分适时出现，如同画龙点睛，将文章的主题升华到一个新的高度。在表达从经历中获得感悟时，常常会使用 “From this experience, I learned that...” 这样的经典句式，直接点明从事件中所领悟到的道理。 情感线索在全文中起着重要的串联作用。它如同一条无形的丝线，将叙事与议论紧密相连，贯穿始终。正是因为有情感线索的存在，使得文章不仅具备引人入胜的故事性，能够吸引读者沉浸其中，同时还富有深刻的思想性，让读者在阅读故事的过程中引发思考，感悟生活真谛。 【试题语段】 Last month, I joined a piano competition. I practiced hard but still 1 the first round. I felt sad and wanted to give up. My mom said, “Failure is part of learning.” She helped me find my mistakes and practice again. This year, I won the competition. I realize that 2 is more important than success. 【语段简析】 主题：通过失败经历领悟 “坚持” 的重要性。 结构：（1）叙事：参加比赛失败（last month）、妈妈鼓励（find mistakes）；（2）议论：失败是学习的一部分，坚持比成功更重要（结尾点题）。 【考查要点】动词（failed, won）、名词（failure, practice）、抽象名词（persistence, courage）。 结构分析 初中英语完形填空是对学生语言知识与语篇理解能力的综合考查，不同文体的语篇具有独特的结构特征和信息传递方式。掌握针对性的语篇分析策略，能帮助学生快速把握文本脉络，精准定位解题线索。 一、记叙文：紧扣时间情感，依托上下文推断 记叙文以事件发展为脉络，时间线和情感变化是理清故事走向的关键。阅读时需关注表示时间顺序的词汇（如 last week, suddenly, later）、体现人物心理的情感词（如 excited, nervous, moved），以及标志事件节点的环境描写语句。通过动词时态的变化（如一般过去时、过去进行时）判断事件发生的先后顺序，借助情感词的褒贬色彩推测人物态度或事件结果，同时留意环境描写如何烘托氛围、推动情节。 在记叙文完形填空中，常出现 "情感曲线" 规律 —— 作者往往通过 "困境描述 - 情感低谷 - 转机出现 - 情感回升" 的叙事结构展开。例如，当文中出现 "desperate" "hopeless" 等消极情感词时，后续可能会出现 "unexpectedly" "fortunately" 等转折词推动情节反转。解题时可通过标记情感词变化趋势，预判故事发展方向，提升答案准确率。 【试题语段1】When I ___ (see) the gift, tears filled my eyes. It was a photo album my best friend made for me before she moved away. [答题分析]通过 "tears filled my eyes" 的情感表达和 "made for me before she moved away" 的时间状语，可推断空格处应填 "saw"（一般过去时）。此处时间线明确指向过去某个瞬间，情感词则强化了 "看到礼物" 这一动作引发的强烈情感反应，暗示这份相册承载着深厚情谊。 【试题语段2】The room was silent except for the ticking of the clock. As he ___ (open) the letter, his hands began to tremble. [答题分析]环境描写 "The room was silent except for the ticking of the clock" 营造出紧张压抑的氛围，"tremble" 这一情感动作词暗示信件内容对人物产生重大影响。结合 "began" 这一过去式，可判断空格处应填 "opened"，体现过去连续发生的动作，同时通过环境与情感的双重线索，推动读者对信件内容产生联想。 二、说明文：抓牢顺序逻辑，确保结构连贯 说明文注重信息的条理性和逻辑性，常通过顺序词（first, second, finally）呈现说明步骤，或利用因果（because, so）、并列（and, also）、转折（but, however）等逻辑关系词连接段落。分析时需梳理说明对象的特征、功能或操作流程，明确各段落间的逻辑关联，确保所选答案符合文本的结构框架。此外，说明文还常运用下定义、举例子、作比较等说明方法辅助内容表达，这些也可作为解题线索。 【试题语段1】There are three steps to plant a tree. First, dig a hole deep enough for the roots. ___ (Next/Finally), put the tree into the hole and fill it with soil. [答题分析]根据 "first" 可知这是步骤说明，后续应接 "Next" 表示下一步，而非 "Finally"（最后一步），体现顺序词的严格对应关系。 【试题语段2】Solar panels work by converting sunlight into electricity. Because they rely on sunlight, ___ (therefore/however) they are less effective on cloudy days. [答题分析]前句阐述太阳能板工作原理，后句说明天气对其影响，属于因果关系，故应选 "therefore"（因此），而 "however" 表转折，不符合上下文逻辑。 【试题语段3】"Dolphins are mammals; ___ (similarly/on the contrary), fish are cold-blooded animals." [答题分析]此处通过对比海豚和鱼类的生物属性，突出差异，应选用 "on the contrary"（相反），若用 "similarly"（类似地）则会混淆两种生物的本质区别。 三、应用文：遵循格式规范，定位关键信息 应用文（如书信、通知、海报等）具有鲜明的格式特征与功能性要求。以书信为例，其标准结构包含称呼（Dear...,）、正文、结束语（Sincerely,/Best wishes,）及落款；通知则需明确标注时间（Date:）、地点（Place:）、事件（Event:）、参与对象等核心要素。这些格式不仅是文体的外在标识，更是理解文本的重要线索。 在解题过程中，考生应采用 "先整体后细节" 的策略：首先快速浏览文本格式，识别文体类型，建立整体框架认知；随后聚焦时间、地点、人物、目的等关键信息，通过圈画关键词的方式定位核心内容；最后结合上下文逻辑关系，推敲具体词汇或短语的合理运用。 示例： 【试题语段1：书信类】Dear Mr. Smith, I am writing to ____ (ask for/speak to) your advice on how to prepare for the English speech contest. [答题分析]根据书信的正式文体特征与礼貌用语规范，结合 "advice"（建议）这一核心诉求，此处应选择 "ask for"（寻求）。若填入 "speak to"，则无法准确传达 "征求建议" 的意图，且不符合书信礼貌沟通的语境要求。 【试题语段2：通知类】Notice: The English debate competition will be held on ____ (July 1st/next month) in the school auditorium. [答题分析]通知类文本需明确具体时间，"next month" 表述模糊，不符合通知的严谨性要求；而 "July 1st"（7 月 1 日）既符合时间要素的格式规范，也能确保信息传达的准确性，因此为正确选项。 【试题语段3：海报类】Join our Summer Camp! Activities include hiking, swimming, and ____ (painting/paint)." [答题分析]海报作为宣传类应用文，需保持句式结构一致性。前两项活动 "hiking"（徒步）、"swimming"（游泳）均为动名词形式，因此此处应选择 "painting"（绘画），既符合语法规范，也与整体文体风格相匹配。 四、夹叙夹议文：理清故事脉络，结合主题选词 夹叙夹议文往往以生动的故事为铺垫，在关键节点或结尾处穿插议论，进而点明深刻的人生哲理或鲜明的观点态度。在分析这类文体时，学生首先要像梳理一条精致的珍珠项链般，细致地厘清故事的起因、经过与结果，明确事件发展的逻辑脉络。在此基础上，精准捕捉议论句中的主题词，诸如 "love"（爱）、"courage"（勇气）、"responsibility"（责任）等，这些主题词如同茫茫大海中的灯塔，为解题指引方向。最终，在选择答案时，确保选项在语义层面精准契合语境，在情感基调上与文章主旨高度一致，使所选词汇成为支撑文章核心思想的重要基石。 对于一些较为复杂的夹叙夹议文，还可能存在多个层次的叙事与议论交织。例如，在故事发展过程中，可能会出现阶段性的议论，这些议论既是对前文情节的总结，也为后文发展埋下伏笔。学生需要格外留意这些 "隐藏线索"，建立起上下文之间的逻辑联系。比如在一篇关于团队合作的文章中，前期讲述团队成员克服分歧完成项目的故事，中间穿插议论 "Diversity can be a strength, not a weakness if managed properly"，此时在后续的题目中遇到关于团队成员关系或合作方式的选项时，就需要紧扣 "多样性转化为优势" 这一核心观点进行选择。 【试题语段】（在一篇讲述主人公参加马拉松比赛的夹叙夹议文中，故事结尾写道：）From this experience, I learned that ___ (hard work/luck) is the key to success. Nothing can be achieved without continuous effort. [答题分析] 深入剖析该文本，通过 "continuous effort"（持续努力）这一议论句可以清晰判断，文章主题聚焦于努力对于成功的关键意义。因此，答案应选择 "hard work"，而排除 "luck"（运气），如此方能体现故事发展与核心观点的紧密呼应，实现叙事与议论的完美统一。 题型策略 一、上下文理解类 【内容特征】 此类题目着重考查对文本前后文逻辑关系的把握，通过因果、转折、顺序等逻辑联系来推断出正确答案。在解答过程中，需要高度关注文本情节的发展脉络以及其中所蕴含的情感变化，这对于准确理解文意并做出正确选择至关重要。 【试题语段】 Lisa was excited about her school trip. She ______ her backpack with snacks and a camera. The next day, she arrived at school early. A.cleaned B. packed C. sold D. broke 二、近义词比较类 这类题目具有独特的内容特征，其选项通常为近义词，需要考生对这些近义词的词义、用法以及情感色彩进行细致区分。 【试题语段】 The ______ dog ran after the ball. It was so happy to play outside. A. big B. large C. huge D. small 三、固定搭配类 【内容特征】 此类型的题目主要考查动词短语、介词搭配或者习语方面的知识。在解答这类题目时，需要考生对相关的固定用法进行准确记忆。因为这些固定搭配是英语语言在长期使用过程中形成的特定表达方式，具有约定俗成的特点，不能随意更改或替换其中的词汇。 【试题语段】 Tom goes to school ______ foot every day. He says it’s good exercise.” A. by B. on C. in D. at 四、词汇衔接类 在文章当中，通过巧妙运用同义词、代词或者上下义词等方式，能够有效地保持文章的连贯性与逻辑性。这就要求读者必须精准识别其中的指代关系，从而更好地理解文章的整体意思。 【试题语段】 Sarah bought a new book. ______ cover was blue. She couldn’t wait to read it. A. Its B. It’s C. His D. Her 五、文化背景利用类 此类题型的内容特征表现为：题目所涉及的内容与英语国家的文化习俗紧密相关，在解答这类题目时，需要考生结合日常积累的常识或者对各类节日知识的了解来作答。 【试题语段】 On Christmas Eve, families often ______ a tree and exchange gifts. It’s a time for joy. A. plant B. climb C. decorate D. cut 1 阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 China has 1 long history of canal (运河) systems. The Chinese people 2 proud (骄傲的) of these canals. 3 of the most famous canals is the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. It is the 4 and the oldest canal in the world. It runs from Beijing to Hangzhou. The canal 5 an important role in Chinese history. 6 connected (连接) five of the most important 7 in China, including the Yangtze River and the 8 River. Now the canal is still 9 use. Boats and ships carry (运送) different things and travel along the canal. The canal is a symbol of China to show that Chinese people are 10 and hard-working. 1．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 2．A．is B．am C．be D．are 3．A．One B．Two C．First D．Second 4．A．longest B．shortest C．tallest D．highest 5．A．makes B．does C．plays D．takes 6．A．Its B．It C．They D．Their 7．A．rivers B．roads C．cities D．counties 8．A．Pearl B．Yellow C．Lancang D．Liaohe 9．A．at B．on C．in D．of 10．A．lazy B．stupid C．clever D．naughty 2 阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Hello, I’m Anna. Sally is my 1 and John is my uncle. My cousin David is their son. My aunt is very 2 and her things are always in the right places. But my uncle and David aren’t tidy. My uncle likes playing computer games. It’s great 3 for him. His computer games are everywhere in the study (书房). In David’s room, you can also see his 4 everywhere. My aunt always 5 David put away (收好) his things. 6 my uncle never (从不) does that. David can’t find his things and always asks, “ 7 are my keys? Where’s my bottle?” My uncle always says, “I don’t know. Ask your mother for help. She puts away your things, so she knows where they are.” One day, my uncle plays computer games. David 8 a map. He can’t find his school on the map. He asks my uncle, “Where’s my 9 ?” My uncle says, “I don’t know. Go to 10 your mother. She puts it away.” 1．A．mum B．aunt C．grandma D．sister 2．A．tidy B．beautiful C．fine D．kind 3．A．unit B．conversation C．fun D．time 4．A．songs B．parties C．sports D．things 5．A．sees B．keeps C．tells D．helps 6．A．Before B．Because C．So D．But 7．A．How B．Where C．Who D．What 8．A．listen to B．looks at C．calls at D．waits for 9．A．school B．picture C．clock D．watch 10．A．meet B．greet C．thank D．ask 3 22nd December is a special day this year. It is the Winter Solstice (冬至), the shortest 1 of the year. Chinese people call it Dongzhi. The name 2 “the coming of the winter”. On this day, people in the north of China eat jiaozi. They usually have 3 fillings (馅料) inside like meat, shrimp or vegetables. Sometimes, people 4 a coin (硬币) inside. If you get the coin, you will have 5 luck (运气). People think eating dumplings is a good 6 to stay healthy. As the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on Dongzhi keep the 7 from frostbite (冻疮).” In the south of China, people eat tangyuan on the day of Dongzhi. People use sticky rice (糯米) to 8 the little tangyuan balls. People hope eating tangyuan can 9 them a happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine (米酒). The drink helps keep the body warm 10 cold days. 1．A．day B．week C．month D．year 2．A．thinks B．calls C．changes D．means 3．A．same B．similar C．different D．magic 4．A．put B．take C．hear D．spend 5．A．tidy B．clean C．good D．busy 6．A．weekend B．mind C．grade D．way 7．A．ears B．eyes C．noses D．hands 8．A．eat B．buy C．make D．show 9．A．enjoy B．bring C．mark D．raise 10．A．in B．at C．under D．on 4 Sam is 1 boy. He is a middle school student. 2 is in No.2 Middle School. He has 3 good friends at school. 4 names are Tom and Paul. They are 5 classmates, too. They 6 in the same class. He likes playing sports 7 his friends. What sports do they 8 ? Ping-pong! They think it’s 9 to play ping-pong. Can they play basketball 10 ? No, they can’t. They don’t like to play 11 . They think it’s difficult for 12 . Sam 13 two ping-pong bats and some ping-pong balls. What about Tom and Paul? They have some ping-pong balls 14 some ping-pong bats, too. They want to be great ping-pong players. Now they always play ping-pong 15 school. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．I B．She C．It D．He 3．A．one B．two C．three D．four 4．A．Our B．Your C．Their D．My 5．A．her B．his C．its D．your 6．A．be B．am C．is D．are 7．A．on B．at C．with D．for 8．A．think B．ask C．go D．like 9．A．interesting B．boring C．difficult D．fat 10．A．good B．well C．fine D．nice 11．A．soccer B．volleyball C．basketball D．baseball 12．A．them B．us C．me D．you 13．A．likes B．has C．thinks D．asks 14．A．and B．or C．but D．so 15．A．for B．of C．after D．with 5 The Browns have a nice two-floor building. Now, let me 1 you something about it. On the 2 floor, there is a living room, a dining room and a kitchen. Look, Mr. Brown is 3 the newspaper (报纸) in the living room．His wife (妻子) is cooking dinner 4 the family in the kitchen. Their son is drinking 5 in the dining room. On the second floor, there are 6 bedrooms (卧室) and a study (书房). The big bedroom is for Mr. Brown and 7 wife. The 8 one is for Jim. Next to his bedroom is a 9 . There 10 two desks and a computer in it. Jim usually plays games and 11 music on the computer. There is a 12 behind their building. Mrs. Brown waters (浇水) the flowers there every day, so the flowers are really 13 . Now Mrs. Brown is picking (采摘) some 14 in the garden. She will put the flowers in the living room. The Browns like 15 house very much. 1．A．speak B．tell C．talk D．say 2．A．one B．first C．two D．second 3．A．reading B．looking C．watching D．seeing 4．A．to B．of C．in D．for 5．A．apples B．bananas C．milk D．bread 6．A．one B．two C．three D．four 7．A．my B．your C．his D．her 8．A．small B．big C．new D．large 9．A．study B．garden C．yard D．living room 10．A．has B．is C．have D．are 11．A．looks at B．listens to C．writes to D．plays with 12．A．garden B．school C．library D．supermarket 13．A．easy B．kind C．beautiful D．difficult 14．A．birds B．flowers C．trees D．fruits 15．A．her B．his C．their D．theirs 6 通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 What is a birthday? It tells us that a person was born on that 1 . But do you want to know more about a(n) 2 ? In China, a birthday is very important 3 old people and small kids. In the family, 4 members always have a party for a person’s birthday. Many years ago, people 5 celebrated birthdays for old people and small kids. 6 now almost all people celebrate their birthdays every year. In China, there are some 7 ways to celebrate a birthday. For old people, the family make shoumian and shoubao. 8 are great birthday food. For small kids, the family give them hongbao, a red paper bag with money in it. Kids 9 it very much. And old people and small kids always 10 eggs on their birthdays. 11 are a symbol of life and good luck. These years eating a birthday cake is getting popular in China. So we always can see the 12 on the birthday. In 13 English countries, people sing the birthday song Happy Birthday to the birthday person and eat the birthday cake together. Before the dinner 14 , the birthday person makes a wish and blows out the candles on the cake. This is popular around the world now. A birthday is a great day to each of us. I am 15 we all like it. 1．A．desk B．sale C．TV D．day 2．A．card B．ice-cream C．key D．birthday 3．A．to B．of C．at D．in 4．A．family B．class C．school D．library 5．A．too B．not C．only D．no 6．A．And B．But C．So D．Then 7．A．happy B．middle C．boring D．interesting 8．A．They B．We C．You D．He and she 9．A．help B．ask C．like D．sell 10．A．buy B．eat C．finish D．know 11．A．Oranges B．Sweaters C．Radios D．Eggs 12．A．food B．fruit C．colour D．subject 13．A．first B．last C．some D．an 14．A．trip B．party C．lesson D．game 15．A．busy B．free C．welcome D．sure 7 In our school, many students join the music club. 1 is the music club so popular (流行的)? Let me 2 you about this. Music 3 relaxing (令人放松的). Students have 4 classes every day: four in the morning and three in the afternoon. They’re very 5 with their subjects. Music can help them relax and have a good 6 at night. When they’re free, they usually watch TV 7 play computer games. But in the club, they can make full use of (充分利用) their free time. They can talk about music and learn from each other. They think it is great 8 . In the club, students can meet new people with the same interests, so they can make 9 with them. Some of the students in the club are good 10 English—they can 11 English and sing songs 12 English well. So they can help you with English. It’s cool. The club is 13 . If you want to have a good time after school, join the music club now. 14 me at 293-7742 or come to the School Music 15 . 1．A．What B．Why C．When D．Where 2．A．ask B．say C．tell D．talk 3．A．am B．is C．are D．\ 4．A．five B．six C．seven D．eight 5．A．busy B．first C．last D．free 6．A．day B．book C．sleep D．clock 7．A．but B．or C．so D．because 8．A．fun B．time C．day D．weekend 9．A．dances B．singers C．friends D．food 10．A．at B．for C．with D．to 11．A．say B．listen C．change D．speak 12．A．at B．from C．in D．with 13．A．boring B．bad C．hard D．fun 14．A．Call B．E-mail C．Phone D．Write 15．A．Street B．Center C．Shop D．Library 8 Lisa usually gets 1 at twenty past six. At 7 o’ clock, she has 2 with her parents. She 3 to school by bus at half 4 seven. Classes begin at eight. She has four classes in the 5 . She 6 lunch at school at twelve ten. She has two classes in 7 afternoon. After school, she often 8 with her classmates. At a quarter past five, 9 goes home by subway (地铁). She 10 at five thirty 11 has dinner at seven o’clock. After dinner, she often does 12 homework and then watches TV for a 13 . She goes to 14 at about a quarter to 15 . 1．A．down B．early C．up D．late 2．A．breakfast B．lunch C．dinner D．fun 3．A．has B．goes C．does D．takes 4．A．at B．to C．past D．for 5．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 6．A．is B．has C．have D．had 7．A．a B．an C．the D．\ 8．A．play football B．plays football C．play the football D．plays the football 9．A．I B．she C．he D．we 10．A．gets home B．gets to home C．goes to home D．go to home 11．A．and B．so C．before D．after 12．A．my B．your C．his D．her 13．A．weekend B．day C．time D．while 14．A．home B．school C．bed D．class 15．A．five B．six C．seven D．ten 9 Farmers work all day, farmers work all year too. Farmers are 1 every season. They work hard from spring to summer to autumn to winter. Mr and Mrs Chen are farmers in the north of China. They have one daughter. 2 name is Meimei. Meimei is 12 years old. She often helps her parents 3 housework. It is spring now. The weather is cool. Meimei likes spring 4 . It is raining now. The rain is good for plants. Looking at the apple trees. Meimei 5 about the sweet apples in autumn. It is summer! The weather is hot. The sun helps the plants grow, but too much sun can kill them. Mr Chen looks after the plants 6 . Each day, he waters the plants to keep them 7 . It is autumn now. Every day Meimei 8 the red apples off the trees. Today, Meimei’s grandparents come to visit the family. Mrs Chen 9 a wonderful meal. Now it is winter. The 10 is cold. It is not so busy on the farm now. It is 11 in the garden and in the fields. Mrs Chen makes sweaters and hats for Mr Chen and Meimei. The clothes keep them warm in the cold winter. Meimei 12 to make things too. She is making a long scarf for her cousin. Soon, it snows. Meimei plays in the snow with children from 13 farms. The garden and fields are all white. It is so cold that 14 grows in the snow. A hungry fox in the field wants to find a bird to eat. 15 there are no birds in the trees. 1．A．friendly B．tired C．glad D．busy 2．A．His B．Her C．Its D．Their 3．A．in B．on C．at D．with 4．A．fewest B．best C．least D．worst 5．A．thinks B．worries C．dreams D．knows 6．A．carefully B．hopefully C．perfectly D．excitedly 7．A．healthy B．happy C．hot D．warm 8．A．chooses B．grows C．picks D．takes 9．A．works B．does C．plans D．cooks 10．A．water B．air C．weather D．wind 11．A．noisy B．quiet C．colorful D．interesting 12．A．happens B．gets C．hopes D．learns 13．A．other B．another C．some D．every 14．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 15．A．And B．But C．So D．Because 10 John is very happy to come to his new school. Now he is a middle school student. He has many new 1 and friends. They are all very friendly. What is a school day like in a middle school? Let John tell us about 2 day at the new school. His school day usually goes from 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. 3 some days he needs to have cheerleading (啦啦队) practice at 6:30 a.m. So he goes to school 4 on those days. His new school is near his home, so he can walk there. He always spends about 10 5   walking to school. After he gets there, he walks to his locker (柜子) and gets the books for lessons. Each 6   goes for 50 minutes. He only has 6 minutes to get to the next class. He has 7 classes in the morning. At 12:30 p.m., he has 8 in the school dining hall. After that, he sometimes has to go out and play 9 his classmates. In the afternoon, he has three classes. Before the school day is over, there is always a meeting. John is still 10 after school. He goes to some clubs. He likes sports. He is a member of the school football club and he dreams of being a 11 star one day. He plays football every Monday. 12 he reads books in the library and sometimes he works as a lifeguard (救生员). His family members have dinner at 7:20 in the 13 . After he has dinner, he can 134 for a while, he likes watching football matches. He starts doing homework at about 8 p.m. He goes to bed at about 9:20. He 14 his day very much. He thinks his school day is very great. 1．A．students B．teachers C．workers D．heroes 2．A．our B．your C．his D．my 3．A．After B．Or C．Before D．But 4．A．late B．early C．fast D．slow 5．A．minutes B．hours C．days D．weeks 6．A．meeting B．class C．meal D．sport 7．A．two B．three C．four D．five 8．A．lunch B．supper C．coffee D．tea 9．A．in B．on C．with D．for 10．A．thirsty B．hungry C．free D．busy 11．A．tennis B．football C．basketball D．volleyball 12．A．always B．never C．seldom D．sometimes 13．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 14．A．watch TV B．see a film C．go swimming D．take a walk 15．A．enjoys B．dislikes C．studies D．wants 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第06讲 完形填空(题型策略与技能自学2) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练题型：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 语篇类型 类型一：记叙文 记叙文具有鲜明的特征。它主要以生动的故事形式进行呈现，在这个故事架构之中，涵盖了诸多关键要素。其中，时间（when）是故事发生的具体时段，它明确了故事所处的时间坐标，像 “去年（last year）”“某一天（one day）” 等都是常见的时间标识；地点（where）则界定了故事发生的具体场所，赋予故事特定的空间背景；人物（who）是故事的核心主体，他们的行为和互动推动着故事的发展；事件（what）即故事所围绕展开的具体情节内容，是整个故事的主体部分；而情感（how）则是贯穿于故事之中的情绪脉络，它让读者能够深切感受到故事所蕴含的情感温度。 在叙事结构上，记叙文通常按照时间顺序稳步推进，这样的叙述方式符合人们对事件发展的认知逻辑，能够让读者清晰地跟随故事的发展脉络。在时态运用方面，常用过去时态来叙述，这种时态选择能够营造出一种回顾过往的氛围，使读者仿佛置身于故事发生的那个特定时空之中。为了使故事更加生动形象，记叙文还会巧妙地穿插动作描写，细致刻画人物的一举一动，让人物形象跃然纸上，同时融入人物之间的对话，通过对话展现人物性格、推动情节发展，使故事更加富有生活气息。 记叙文的结尾往往别具匠心，常常隐含着情感的升华或道理的启示。这种结尾方式不仅能够深化故事的主题，引发读者更深入的思考，还能给读者留下悠长的回味空间，让读者在读完故事后，内心产生共鸣，获得情感上的触动和思想上的启迪。 【试题语段】 Last summer, my family moved to a new neighborhood. Next door lived an old lady named Mrs. Smith. At first, I thought she was 1 because she never smiled. One day, I saw her carrying heavy groceries. I ran to help her. She thanked me and said, “You’re a kind girl.” After that, she often 2 me cookies. We became good friends. I learned that people can be warm once you take the first step. 【语段简析】 主题：通过帮助邻居打破隔阂，收获友谊，体现 “主动友善” 的重要性。 结构：（1）开头：背景介绍（搬家、邻居初印象）；（2）发展：关键事件（帮助搬东西）； 高潮：关系转变（Mrs. Smith 送饼干）；（3）结尾：道理总结（主动交往的意义）。 【考查要点】动词（moved, saw, ran）、形容词（kind, warm）、逻辑连词（after that）。 类型二：说明文 说明文具有独特的特征，它主要侧重于客观地阐述事物的特征、相关步骤或者内在原理。在语言表达方面，其追求简洁明了，以确保读者能够快速且准确地理解所传达的信息。同时，逻辑清晰是说明文的关键要素，各个部分之间的衔接紧密，条理分明。 在行文过程中，说明文常常会使用一些特定的词汇来辅助表达。例如常用的顺序词，像 “first”（首先）、“next”（接下来）、“finally”（最后），这些词汇能够清晰地展现事物的先后顺序，帮助读者梳理内容的层次。此外，解释性词汇也较为常见，比如 “such as”（例如）、“for example”（比如），它们的作用是通过具体的事例来进一步阐释抽象的概念或复杂的内容，让读者更易理解。 从结构上来看，说明文多采用 “总 - 分” 或者 “总 - 分 - 总” 的形式。“总 - 分” 结构下，开头会先提出总的观点或者主题，然后分别从不同方面进行阐述；而 “总 - 分 - 总” 结构则在 “总 - 分” 的基础上，结尾再次总结观点，强化主题。无论哪种结构，都具有明确的主题句，主题句犹如文章的核心，概括了文章的主要内容，为读者指引阅读方向。 【试题语段】 Keeping a pet fish is fun but needs care. 1 , choose a suitable fish tank. It should be big enough for the fish to swim. 2 , clean the tank regularly to keep the water clean. Don’t forget to feed the fish once or twice a day, but don’t overfeed. With good care, your fish will stay healthy and happy. 【语段简析】 主题：介绍饲养宠物鱼的步骤和注意事项。 结构：（1）总起：饲养宠物鱼需要细心（主题句）；（2）分述：选鱼缸（first）、清洁（next）、喂食（don’t overfeed）；（3）总结：合理照顾的结果（fish stay healthy）。 【考查要点】顺序副词（First, Next）、形容词（suitable, big）、动词（choose, clean）。 类型三：应用文 应用文涵盖了多种实用文体，其中较为常见的有书信、日记、通知等。每一种文体都具备固定的格式。以书信为例，其标准格式包含称呼，用于明确信件的接收对象，比如 “Dear Mr. Smith” 这类具体称谓；正文部分，主要用来阐述核心内容；以及落款，通常是写信人的署名。 在功能方面，应用文着重于信息的有效传递，会清晰地包含时间、地点、人物、事件等关键要素。例如通知，会明确告知事件发生的具体时间，如 “会议将于下周一上午9点举行”，以及具体地点，像 “在公司二楼会议室”，同时也会提及相关参与人物及事件内容。 从语言表达上看，应用文常用正式或半正式的表达方式。例如在书信中，常用 “Dear...” 作为开头称呼，以 “Sincerely” 等词作为结尾敬语，这种表达方式既体现了礼貌与规范，又符合其作为实用文体的特点。 【试题语段】 Dear Ms. Lee, Thank you for being my English teacher this year. You always make classes 1 . When I was afraid to speak English, you encouraged me to try. Your 2 helped me improve a lot. I’ll never forget your kindness. Happy Teachers’ Day! Best wishes, Anna 【语段简析】 主题：学生写给老师的感谢信，表达感激之情。 结构：（1）称呼：Dear Ms. Lee；（2）正文：感谢原因（课堂有趣、鼓励发言、帮助进步）；（3）结尾：祝福与落款。 【考查要点】形容词（fun, interesting）、名词（help, advice）、情感词汇（encouraged, improve）。 类型四：夹叙夹议文 夹叙夹议文有着较为独特的特征。首先，在文章结构上，它呈现出前半部分着重叙事，而后半部分则主要发表观点或者总结出蕴含的道理。这种结构安排使得文章层次分明，叙事部分为后续的议论奠定基础，犹如搭建起一座坚实的大厦框架，为观点的阐述提供丰富的素材与背景。 叙事与议论之间存在紧密的逻辑联系。叙事绝非单纯的故事讲述，而是为议论进行铺垫。通过对事件的详细叙述，让读者逐步深入情境，在积累了足够的感知与理解后，议论部分适时出现，如同画龙点睛，将文章的主题升华到一个新的高度。在表达从经历中获得感悟时，常常会使用 “From this experience, I learned that...” 这样的经典句式，直接点明从事件中所领悟到的道理。 情感线索在全文中起着重要的串联作用。它如同一条无形的丝线，将叙事与议论紧密相连，贯穿始终。正是因为有情感线索的存在，使得文章不仅具备引人入胜的故事性，能够吸引读者沉浸其中，同时还富有深刻的思想性，让读者在阅读故事的过程中引发思考，感悟生活真谛。 【试题语段】 Last month, I joined a piano competition. I practiced hard but still 1 the first round. I felt sad and wanted to give up. My mom said, “Failure is part of learning.” She helped me find my mistakes and practice again. This year, I won the competition. I realize that 2 is more important than success. 【语段简析】 主题：通过失败经历领悟 “坚持” 的重要性。 结构：（1）叙事：参加比赛失败（last month）、妈妈鼓励（find mistakes）；（2）议论：失败是学习的一部分，坚持比成功更重要（结尾点题）。 【考查要点】动词（failed, won）、名词（failure, practice）、抽象名词（persistence, courage）。 结构分析 初中英语完形填空是对学生语言知识与语篇理解能力的综合考查，不同文体的语篇具有独特的结构特征和信息传递方式。掌握针对性的语篇分析策略，能帮助学生快速把握文本脉络，精准定位解题线索。 一、记叙文：紧扣时间情感，依托上下文推断 记叙文以事件发展为脉络，时间线和情感变化是理清故事走向的关键。阅读时需关注表示时间顺序的词汇（如 last week, suddenly, later）、体现人物心理的情感词（如 excited, nervous, moved），以及标志事件节点的环境描写语句。通过动词时态的变化（如一般过去时、过去进行时）判断事件发生的先后顺序，借助情感词的褒贬色彩推测人物态度或事件结果，同时留意环境描写如何烘托氛围、推动情节。 在记叙文完形填空中，常出现 "情感曲线" 规律 —— 作者往往通过 "困境描述 - 情感低谷 - 转机出现 - 情感回升" 的叙事结构展开。例如，当文中出现 "desperate" "hopeless" 等消极情感词时，后续可能会出现 "unexpectedly" "fortunately" 等转折词推动情节反转。解题时可通过标记情感词变化趋势，预判故事发展方向，提升答案准确率。 【试题语段1】When I ___ (see) the gift, tears filled my eyes. It was a photo album my best friend made for me before she moved away. [答题分析]通过 "tears filled my eyes" 的情感表达和 "made for me before she moved away" 的时间状语，可推断空格处应填 "saw"（一般过去时）。此处时间线明确指向过去某个瞬间，情感词则强化了 "看到礼物" 这一动作引发的强烈情感反应，暗示这份相册承载着深厚情谊。 【试题语段2】The room was silent except for the ticking of the clock. As he ___ (open) the letter, his hands began to tremble. [答题分析]环境描写 "The room was silent except for the ticking of the clock" 营造出紧张压抑的氛围，"tremble" 这一情感动作词暗示信件内容对人物产生重大影响。结合 "began" 这一过去式，可判断空格处应填 "opened"，体现过去连续发生的动作，同时通过环境与情感的双重线索，推动读者对信件内容产生联想。 二、说明文：抓牢顺序逻辑，确保结构连贯 说明文注重信息的条理性和逻辑性，常通过顺序词（first, second, finally）呈现说明步骤，或利用因果（because, so）、并列（and, also）、转折（but, however）等逻辑关系词连接段落。分析时需梳理说明对象的特征、功能或操作流程，明确各段落间的逻辑关联，确保所选答案符合文本的结构框架。此外，说明文还常运用下定义、举例子、作比较等说明方法辅助内容表达，这些也可作为解题线索。 【试题语段1】There are three steps to plant a tree. First, dig a hole deep enough for the roots. ___ (Next/Finally), put the tree into the hole and fill it with soil. [答题分析]根据 "first" 可知这是步骤说明，后续应接 "Next" 表示下一步，而非 "Finally"（最后一步），体现顺序词的严格对应关系。 【试题语段2】Solar panels work by converting sunlight into electricity. Because they rely on sunlight, ___ (therefore/however) they are less effective on cloudy days. [答题分析]前句阐述太阳能板工作原理，后句说明天气对其影响，属于因果关系，故应选 "therefore"（因此），而 "however" 表转折，不符合上下文逻辑。 【试题语段3】"Dolphins are mammals; ___ (similarly/on the contrary), fish are cold-blooded animals." [答题分析]此处通过对比海豚和鱼类的生物属性，突出差异，应选用 "on the contrary"（相反），若用 "similarly"（类似地）则会混淆两种生物的本质区别。 三、应用文：遵循格式规范，定位关键信息 应用文（如书信、通知、海报等）具有鲜明的格式特征与功能性要求。以书信为例，其标准结构包含称呼（Dear...,）、正文、结束语（Sincerely,/Best wishes,）及落款；通知则需明确标注时间（Date:）、地点（Place:）、事件（Event:）、参与对象等核心要素。这些格式不仅是文体的外在标识，更是理解文本的重要线索。 在解题过程中，考生应采用 "先整体后细节" 的策略：首先快速浏览文本格式，识别文体类型，建立整体框架认知；随后聚焦时间、地点、人物、目的等关键信息，通过圈画关键词的方式定位核心内容；最后结合上下文逻辑关系，推敲具体词汇或短语的合理运用。 示例： 【试题语段1：书信类】Dear Mr. Smith, I am writing to ____ (ask for/speak to) your advice on how to prepare for the English speech contest. [答题分析]根据书信的正式文体特征与礼貌用语规范，结合 "advice"（建议）这一核心诉求，此处应选择 "ask for"（寻求）。若填入 "speak to"，则无法准确传达 "征求建议" 的意图，且不符合书信礼貌沟通的语境要求。 【试题语段2：通知类】Notice: The English debate competition will be held on ____ (July 1st/next month) in the school auditorium. [答题分析]通知类文本需明确具体时间，"next month" 表述模糊，不符合通知的严谨性要求；而 "July 1st"（7 月 1 日）既符合时间要素的格式规范，也能确保信息传达的准确性，因此为正确选项。 【试题语段3：海报类】Join our Summer Camp! Activities include hiking, swimming, and ____ (painting/paint)." [答题分析]海报作为宣传类应用文，需保持句式结构一致性。前两项活动 "hiking"（徒步）、"swimming"（游泳）均为动名词形式，因此此处应选择 "painting"（绘画），既符合语法规范，也与整体文体风格相匹配。 四、夹叙夹议文：理清故事脉络，结合主题选词 夹叙夹议文往往以生动的故事为铺垫，在关键节点或结尾处穿插议论，进而点明深刻的人生哲理或鲜明的观点态度。在分析这类文体时，学生首先要像梳理一条精致的珍珠项链般，细致地厘清故事的起因、经过与结果，明确事件发展的逻辑脉络。在此基础上，精准捕捉议论句中的主题词，诸如 "love"（爱）、"courage"（勇气）、"responsibility"（责任）等，这些主题词如同茫茫大海中的灯塔，为解题指引方向。最终，在选择答案时，确保选项在语义层面精准契合语境，在情感基调上与文章主旨高度一致，使所选词汇成为支撑文章核心思想的重要基石。 对于一些较为复杂的夹叙夹议文，还可能存在多个层次的叙事与议论交织。例如，在故事发展过程中，可能会出现阶段性的议论，这些议论既是对前文情节的总结，也为后文发展埋下伏笔。学生需要格外留意这些 "隐藏线索"，建立起上下文之间的逻辑联系。比如在一篇关于团队合作的文章中，前期讲述团队成员克服分歧完成项目的故事，中间穿插议论 "Diversity can be a strength, not a weakness if managed properly"，此时在后续的题目中遇到关于团队成员关系或合作方式的选项时，就需要紧扣 "多样性转化为优势" 这一核心观点进行选择。 【试题语段】（在一篇讲述主人公参加马拉松比赛的夹叙夹议文中，故事结尾写道：）From this experience, I learned that ___ (hard work/luck) is the key to success. Nothing can be achieved without continuous effort. [答题分析] 深入剖析该文本，通过 "continuous effort"（持续努力）这一议论句可以清晰判断，文章主题聚焦于努力对于成功的关键意义。因此，答案应选择 "hard work"，而排除 "luck"（运气），如此方能体现故事发展与核心观点的紧密呼应，实现叙事与议论的完美统一。 题型策略 一、上下文理解类 【内容特征】 此类题目着重考查对文本前后文逻辑关系的把握，通过因果、转折、顺序等逻辑联系来推断出正确答案。在解答过程中，需要高度关注文本情节的发展脉络以及其中所蕴含的情感变化，这对于准确理解文意并做出正确选择至关重要。 【试题语段】 Lisa was excited about her school trip. She ______ her backpack with snacks and a camera. The next day, she arrived at school early. A.cleaned B. packed C. sold D. broke 【答题分析】 从 “school trip”（学校旅行）这一情境出发，结合 “snacks and a camera”（零食和相机），可以合理推断出 Lisa 是在为旅行准备物品。在这四个选项中，“packed” 表示打包，将零食和相机装进背包，符合语境。而 “cleaned” 意为清洁背包，与准备旅行物品的关联性不大；“sold” 是售卖，在这种情境下不符合逻辑；“broke” 打破背包更是与文意相悖。所以，综合判断，“packed” 是正确答案，其他选项均与上下文所表达的情境和逻辑关系不相符。 二、近义词比较类 这类题目具有独特的内容特征，其选项通常为近义词，需要考生对这些近义词的词义、用法以及情感色彩进行细致区分。 【试题语段】 The ______ dog ran after the ball. It was so happy to play outside. A. big B. large C. huge D. small 【答题分析】 针对这道题目的分析是：在这四个选项中，“big”“large”“huge” 这三个词都有表示 “大” 的含义，“small” 则表示 “小”，与前三者意思相反。其中，“big” 是使用最为普遍、常用的词汇；“large” 主要侧重于描述事物的尺寸大小；“huge” 着重强调的是程度上的巨大，有超乎寻常大的意味。结合给定句子的语境，这里用 “big” 来描述狗最为合适，所以答案选 A。 三、固定搭配类 【内容特征】 此类型的题目主要考查动词短语、介词搭配或者习语方面的知识。在解答这类题目时，需要考生对相关的固定用法进行准确记忆。因为这些固定搭配是英语语言在长期使用过程中形成的特定表达方式，具有约定俗成的特点，不能随意更改或替换其中的词汇。 【试题语段】 Tom goes to school ______ foot every day. He says it’s good exercise.” A. by B. on C. in D. at 【答题分析】 在英语里，“on foot” 是一个固定搭配，其确切含义为 “步行”。而选项中的 “by”“in”“at” 这几个介词，与 “foot” 搭配时，无法构成符合句子语境且正确的短语来表达 “步行” 这一意思。所以，在这个题目中，正确答案是 “on”，即选项 B。 四、词汇衔接类 在文章当中，通过巧妙运用同义词、代词或者上下义词等方式，能够有效地保持文章的连贯性与逻辑性。这就要求读者必须精准识别其中的指代关系，从而更好地理解文章的整体意思。 【试题语段】 Sarah bought a new book. ______ cover was blue. She couldn’t wait to read it. A. Its B. It’s C. His D. Her 【答题分析】 “Its” 这个代词在这里指代的是前文所提到的 “book”，因为 “book” 是无生命的物体，所以用 “Its” 来表示所属关系，即 “书的封面”。而其他选项中，“It’s” 是 “It is” 的缩写形式，在这里不符合句子结构与语义；“His” 通常用于指代男性，“Her” 一般指代女性，均与 “book” 这一无生命的物体不匹配。所以，这道题主要考查的就是代词在词汇衔接方面的运用。 五、文化背景利用类 此类题型的内容特征表现为：题目所涉及的内容与英语国家的文化习俗紧密相关，在解答这类题目时，需要考生结合日常积累的常识或者对各类节日知识的了解来作答。 【试题语段】 On Christmas Eve, families often ______ a tree and exchange gifts. It’s a time for joy. A. plant B. climb C. decorate D. cut 【答题分析】 在圣诞节相关的文化习俗中，“Christmas”（圣诞节）这一特定节日背景下，提到“tree”（树），通常指的就是圣诞树。在西方圣诞节的传统习俗里，家人们会在平安夜对圣诞树进行装饰，所以结合文化习俗可知，“decorate”（装饰）为正确选项。 1 阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 China has 1 long history of canal (运河) systems. The Chinese people 2 proud (骄傲的) of these canals. 3 of the most famous canals is the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. It is the 4 and the oldest canal in the world. It runs from Beijing to Hangzhou. The canal 5 an important role in Chinese history. 6 connected (连接) five of the most important 7 in China, including the Yangtze River and the 8 River. Now the canal is still 9 use. Boats and ships carry (运送) different things and travel along the canal. The canal is a symbol of China to show that Chinese people are 10 and hard-working. 1．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 2．A．is B．am C．be D．are 3．A．One B．Two C．First D．Second 4．A．longest B．shortest C．tallest D．highest 5．A．makes B．does C．plays D．takes 6．A．Its B．It C．They D．Their 7．A．rivers B．roads C．cities D．counties 8．A．Pearl B．Yellow C．Lancang D．Liaohe 9．A．at B．on C．in D．of 10．A．lazy B．stupid C．clever D．naughty 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C 【解析】本文主要介绍京杭大运河的历史以及重要性等。 1．句意：中国运河系统历史悠久。 the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。have a long history“历史悠久”，是固定搭配。故选B。 2．句意：中国人民为这些运河感到骄傲。 is是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式；am是，be的第一人称单数现在式；be是，动词原形；are是，be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式。句子主语为“The Chinese people”，指中国人民，谓语用复数形式。故选D。 3．句意：最著名的运河之一是京杭大运河。 One一；Two二；First第一；Second第二。根据“the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal”及句子结构可知，此处为“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构。故选A。 4．句意：它是世界上最长、最古老的运河。 longest最长的；shortest最短的；tallest最高的；highest最高的。“It”指代上文中的“the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal”，结合常识可知，京杭大运河是世界上最长、最古老的运河。故选A。 5．句意：运河在中国历史上起着重要作用。 makes制作；does作；plays玩；takes拿。play an important role“起着重要的作用”，是固定词组。故选C。 6．句意：它连接了中国五条最重要的河流，包括长江和黄河。 Its它的；It它；They他们；Their他们的。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的主语，应用人称代词主格形式；根据上下文可知，此处指京杭大运河，应用it指代。故选B。 7．句意：它连接了中国五条最重要的河流，包括长江和黄河。 rivers河；roads路；cities城市；counties国家。根据“including the Yangtze River and the…River.”可知，此处指连接河流。故选A。 8．句意：它连接了中国五条最重要的河流，包括长江和黄河。 Pearl珍珠；Yellow黄；Lancang澜沧；Liaohe辽河。根据常识可知，京杭大运河连接的五大水系分别是：海河、黄河、淮河、长江和钱塘江。故选B。 9．句意：现在运河仍在使用中。 at在；on在……上面；in在……里面；of……的。be in use“在使用中”，是固定词组。故选C。 10．句意：运河是中国的象征，表明中国人民聪明勤劳。 lazy懒惰的；stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的；naughty淘气的。根据“The canal is a symbol of China to show that Chinese people are…and hard-working.”的语境并结合选项可知，运河应是表现中国人民的智慧和勤劳。故选C。 2 阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 Hello, I’m Anna. Sally is my 1 and John is my uncle. My cousin David is their son. My aunt is very 2 and her things are always in the right places. But my uncle and David aren’t tidy. My uncle likes playing computer games. It’s great 3 for him. His computer games are everywhere in the study (书房). In David’s room, you can also see his 4 everywhere. My aunt always 5 David put away (收好) his things. 6 my uncle never (从不) does that. David can’t find his things and always asks, “ 7 are my keys? Where’s my bottle?” My uncle always says, “I don’t know. Ask your mother for help. She puts away your things, so she knows where they are.” One day, my uncle plays computer games. David 8 a map. He can’t find his school on the map. He asks my uncle, “Where’s my 9 ?” My uncle says, “I don’t know. Go to 10 your mother. She puts it away.” 1．A．mum B．aunt C．grandma D．sister 2．A．tidy B．beautiful C．fine D．kind 3．A．unit B．conversation C．fun D．time 4．A．songs B．parties C．sports D．things 5．A．sees B．keeps C．tells D．helps 6．A．Before B．Because C．So D．But 7．A．How B．Where C．Who D．What 8．A．listen to B．looks at C．calls at D．waits for 9．A．school B．picture C．clock D．watch 10．A．meet B．greet C．thank D．ask 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了作者的婶婶很整洁，但是叔叔和堂弟不整洁，婶婶经常帮助堂弟收拾东西，所以他总是问婶婶他的东西在哪里。 1．句意：萨莉是我的婶婶，约翰是我的叔叔。 mum妈妈；aunt婶婶；grandma奶奶；sister姐妹。 根据“My aunt”可知她是自己的婶婶。故选B。 2．句意：我婶婶很整洁，她的东西总是放在正确的地方。 tidy整洁的；beautiful美丽的；fine好的；kind友善的。根据“her things are always in the right places.”可知她的东西总在正确的地方，所以她是整洁的。故选A。 3．句意：这对他来说很有趣。 unit单元；conversation谈话；fun乐趣；time时间。根据“My uncle likes playing computer games”可知他喜欢玩电脑游戏，所以对他来说很有趣。故选C。 4．句意：在大卫的房间里，你到处都可以看到他的东西。 songs歌曲；parties聚会；sports运动；things东西。根据“see his...everywhere”可知是看到他的东西到处都是。故选D。 5．句意：我婶婶总是帮大卫收拾东西。 sees看；keeps保留；tells告诉；helps帮助。 根据“David put away (收好) his things”可知是帮助他收好他的东西，help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故选D。 6．句意：但我叔叔从不这样做。 Before在……之前；Because因为；So所以；But但是。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故选D。 7．句意：我的钥匙在哪里？ How如何；Where为什么；Who谁；What什么。 根据“... are my keys? Where’s my bottle”可知是询问钥匙在哪里。故选B。 8．句意：大卫看了看地图。 listens to听；looks at看；calls at打电话；waits for等待。根据“... a map. He can’t find his school on the map”可知他在看地图。故选B。 9．句意：我的学校在哪里？ school学校；picture图片；clock钟表；watch手表。 根据“... a map. He can’t find his school on the map”可知是询问学校在哪里。故选A。 10．句意：去问问你妈妈。 meet遇见；greet打招呼；thank感谢；ask问。根据“Go to ... your mother.”可知是让问他妈妈。故选D。 3 22nd December is a special day this year. It is the Winter Solstice (冬至), the shortest 1 of the year. Chinese people call it Dongzhi. The name 2 “the coming of the winter”. On this day, people in the north of China eat jiaozi. They usually have 3 fillings (馅料) inside like meat, shrimp or vegetables. Sometimes, people 4 a coin (硬币) inside. If you get the coin, you will have 5 luck (运气). People think eating dumplings is a good 6 to stay healthy. As the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on Dongzhi keep the 7 from frostbite (冻疮).” In the south of China, people eat tangyuan on the day of Dongzhi. People use sticky rice (糯米) to 8 the little tangyuan balls. People hope eating tangyuan can 9 them a happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine (米酒). The drink helps keep the body warm 10 cold days. 1．A．day B．week C．month D．year 2．A．thinks B．calls C．changes D．means 3．A．same B．similar C．different D．magic 4．A．put B．take C．hear D．spend 5．A．tidy B．clean C．good D．busy 6．A．weekend B．mind C．grade D．way 7．A．ears B．eyes C．noses D．hands 8．A．eat B．buy C．make D．show 9．A．enjoy B．bring C．mark D．raise 10．A．in B．at C．under D．on 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 【解析】本文是说明文。主要讲述了中国北方和南方在冬至这一天的不同饮食习俗以及相关寓意。 1．句意：它是冬至，一年中白天最短的一天。 day天；week周；month月；year年。根据“22nd December is a special day”及常识可知，冬至是年中白天最短的一天。故选A。 2．句意：这个名字意味着“冬天的到来”。 thinks认为；calls称呼；changes改变；means意味着。根据“the coming of the winter”可知，此处指冬至意味着冬天的到来。故选D。 3．句意：饺子里面通常有像肉、虾或蔬菜等不同的馅料。 same相同的；similar相似的；different不同的；magic神奇的。根据“like meat, shrimp or vegetables.”可知，肉、虾或蔬菜是不同的馅料。故选C。 4．句意：有时，人们会在饺子里放一枚硬币。 put放；take拿；hear听；spend花费。根据“a coin (硬币) inside”可知，人们会在饺子里放一枚硬币。故选A。 5．句意：如果你吃到了硬币，你就会有好运气。 tidy整洁的；clean干净的；good好的；busy忙碌的。根据“If you get the coin, you will have...luck”可知，人们在饺子里放一枚硬币，是为了让吃到饺子的人获得好运气。故选C。 6．句意：人们认为吃饺子是保持健康的好方法。 weekend周末；mind心智；grade等级；way方法。根据“to stay healthy.”可知，吃饺子是保持健康的好方法。故选D。 7．句意：正如那句老话所说：“冬至吃饺子，耳朵不冻疮。” ears耳朵；eyes眼睛；noses鼻子；hands手。根据“Eating dumplings on Dongzhi keep the...from frostbite”可知，这是谚语，冬至吃饺子，耳朵不冻疮。故选A。 8．句意：人们用糯米来制作小汤圆。 eat吃；buy买；make制作；show展示。根据“People use sticky rice (糯米) to...the little tangyuan balls”可知，人们用糯米来制作小汤圆。故选C。 9．句意：人们希望吃汤圆能给他们带来幸福甜蜜的生活。 enjoy享受；bring带来；mark标记；raise提高。根据“them a happy and sweet life”可知，人们希望吃汤圆能给他们带来幸福甜蜜的生活。故选B。 10．句意：这种饮料有助于在寒冷的日子里让身体保持温暖。 in在……里面；at在；under在……下面；on在……之上。根据“cold days”可知是具体的日子，此处用介词on。故选D。 4 Sam is 1 boy. He is a middle school student. 2 is in No.2 Middle School. He has 3 good friends at school. 4 names are Tom and Paul. They are 5 classmates, too. They 6 in the same class. He likes playing sports 7 his friends. What sports do they 8 ? Ping-pong! They think it’s 9 to play ping-pong. Can they play basketball 10 ? No, they can’t. They don’t like to play 11 . They think it’s difficult for 12 . Sam 13 two ping-pong bats and some ping-pong balls. What about Tom and Paul? They have some ping-pong balls 14 some ping-pong bats, too. They want to be great ping-pong players. Now they always play ping-pong 15 school. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．I B．She C．It D．He 3．A．one B．two C．three D．four 4．A．Our B．Your C．Their D．My 5．A．her B．his C．its D．your 6．A．be B．am C．is D．are 7．A．on B．at C．with D．for 8．A．think B．ask C．go D．like 9．A．interesting B．boring C．difficult D．fat 10．A．good B．well C．fine D．nice 11．A．soccer B．volleyball C．basketball D．baseball 12．A．them B．us C．me D．you 13．A．likes B．has C．thinks D．asks 14．A．and B．or C．but D．so 15．A．for B．of C．after D．with 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文主要介绍山姆和他的朋友。 1．句意：山姆是一个男孩。 a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词；/零冠词。根据“boy”可知，单词第一次出现应用不定冠词，且boy是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故选A。 2．句意：他在第二中学。 I我；She她；It它；He他。根据句意可知，此处指山姆在第二中学，应用he。故选D。 3．句意：他在学校有两个好朋友。 one一；two二；three三；four四。根据“...names are Tom and Paul”可知，他有两个好朋友。故选B。 4．句意：他们的名字是汤姆和保罗。 Our我们的；Your你们的；Their他们的；My我的。根据“...names are Tom and Paul”可知，此处指他们的名字。故选C。 5．句意：他们也是他的同学。 her她的；his他的；its它的；your你的。根据句意可知，他们是山姆的同学，应用his。故选B。 6．句意：他们在同一个班级。 be是；am是，用于第一人称单数；is是，用于第三人称单数；are是，用于第二人称和第一、三人称复数。根据句意可知，They是第三人称复数。故选D。 7．句意：他喜欢和朋友做运动。 on在……上面；at在；with和；for为了。根据句意可知，此处应用介词with表示“和”。故选C。 8．句意：他们喜欢什么运动？ think认为；ask问；go去；like喜欢。根据句意可知，此处指他们喜欢什么运动。故选D。 9．句意：他们认为打乒乓球是有趣的。 interesting有趣的；boring无聊的；difficult困难的；fat胖的。根据“What sports do they...? Ping-pong!”可知，他们喜欢乒乓球，认为是有趣的。故选A。 10．句意：他们打篮球打得好吗？ good好的；well好地；fine好的；nice美好的。根据“play basketball”可知，应用副词修饰打篮球这一动作。故选B。 11．句意：他们不喜欢打篮球。 soccer足球；volleyball排球；basketball篮球；baseball棒球。根据“Can they play basketball...? No, they can’t.”可知，他们不会打篮球，推测他们不喜欢打篮球。故选C。 12．句意：他们认为这对他们来说太难了。 them他们；us我们；me我；you你。根据主语“They”可知，指打篮球对他们来说太难了。故选A。 13．句意：山姆有两个乒乓球拍和一些乒乓球。 likes喜欢；has有；thinks认为；asks问。 根据句意可知，此处指山姆有乒乓球拍和乒乓球。故选B。 14．句意：他们也有一些乒乓球和乒乓球拍。 and和；or或者；but但是；so所以。根据句意可知，应用and连接名词。故选A。 15．句意：现在他们总是在放学后打乒乓球。 for为了；of……的；after在……之后；with和。根据“school”可知，此处指after school“放学后”。故选C。 5 The Browns have a nice two-floor building. Now, let me 1 you something about it. On the 2 floor, there is a living room, a dining room and a kitchen. Look, Mr. Brown is 3 the newspaper (报纸) in the living room．His wife (妻子) is cooking dinner 4 the family in the kitchen. Their son is drinking 5 in the dining room. On the second floor, there are 6 bedrooms (卧室) and a study (书房). The big bedroom is for Mr. Brown and 7 wife. The 8 one is for Jim. Next to his bedroom is a 9 . There 10 two desks and a computer in it. Jim usually plays games and 11 music on the computer. There is a 12 behind their building. Mrs. Brown waters (浇水) the flowers there every day, so the flowers are really 13 . Now Mrs. Brown is picking (采摘) some 14 in the garden. She will put the flowers in the living room. The Browns like 15 house very much. 1．A．speak B．tell C．talk D．say 2．A．one B．first C．two D．second 3．A．reading B．looking C．watching D．seeing 4．A．to B．of C．in D．for 5．A．apples B．bananas C．milk D．bread 6．A．one B．two C．three D．four 7．A．my B．your C．his D．her 8．A．small B．big C．new D．large 9．A．study B．garden C．yard D．living room 10．A．has B．is C．have D．are 11．A．looks at B．listens to C．writes to D．plays with 12．A．garden B．school C．library D．supermarket 13．A．easy B．kind C．beautiful D．difficult 14．A．birds B．flowers C．trees D．fruits 15．A．her B．his C．their D．theirs 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了布朗家两层楼的布局、用途及一家人正在做的事情。 1．句意：让我告诉你一些关于它的事情。 speak说；tell告诉；talk交谈；say说，后面一般接说话的具体内容。根据“let me...you something about it.”可知，此句表达的意思是让我告诉你一些关于它的事情。tell sb. sth.意为“告诉某人某事”。故选B。 2．句意：在一楼，有一个客厅、一个餐厅和一个厨房。 one一；first第一；two二；second第二。根据前面的“two-floor building”以及下文“On the second floor, there are … bedrooms (卧室) and a study (书房)．”可知，这里介绍的是一楼的相关情况，first“第一”符合句意。故选B。 3．句意：看！Brown先生正在客厅里读报纸。 reading阅读；looking看；watching观看；seeing看见。read newspaper 意为“看报纸”。故选A。 4．句意：他的妻子正在厨房里为全家做晚饭。 to到；of……的；in在……里；for为，给。根据“cooking dinner … the family in the kitchen.”可知，这里应该是为家人做饭。for“为，给”符合句意。故选D。 5．句意：他们的儿子在餐厅里喝牛奶。 apples苹果；bananas香蕉；milk牛奶；bread面包。根据空前“drinking”可知，此处应该是喝牛奶。故选C。 6．句意：在二楼，有两个卧室和一个书房。 one一；two二；three三；four四。根据“The big bedroom is for Mr. Brown and … wife. The … one is for Jim.”可知，应该是有两个卧室。故选B。 7．句意：大卧室是布朗先生和他的妻子的。 my我的；your你（们）的；his他的；her她的。根据“The big bedroom is for Mr. Brown and … wife.”可知，此处应用his，指代布朗先生的。故选C。 8．句意：那间小点的卧室是吉姆的。 small小的；big大的；new新的；large大的。根据“The big bedroom is for Mr. Brown and … wife. The … one is for Jim.”可知，大的卧室是布朗夫妇的，小卧室是Jim的。small“小的”符合句意。故选A。 9．句意：挨着他的卧室是书房。 study书房；garden花园；yard院子；living room客厅。根据“On the second floor, there are … bedrooms (卧室) and a study (书房).”可知，此处应该是书房。study“书房”符合句意。故选A。 10．句意：在里面有两张桌子和一台电脑。 has有，第三人称单数形式；is是，单数形式；have有；are是，复致形式。根据“There... two desks and a computer in it.”可知，此句使用了there be句型，be动词应根据就近原则，与最近的名词保持一致，空格后的“two desks”是复数形式，这里要用are。故选D。 11．句意：Jim经常在电脑上玩游戏和听音乐。 looks at看；listens to听；writes to写给……；plays with与……玩耍。根据“music”可知，此处是指“听音乐”，listens to“听”符合句意。故选B。 12．句意：在他们的建筑后面有一个花园。 garden花园；school学校；library图书馆；supermarket超市。根据下文“Mrs. Brown waters (浇水) the flowers there every day”可知，应该是建筑后面有个花园。故选A。 13．句意：格林太太每天都给花浇水，所以花很漂亮。 easy容易的；kind善意的；beautiful美丽的；difficult困难的。根据“Mrs. Brown waters (浇水) the flowers there every day,”可知，格林太太每天都给花浇水，所以花很漂亮。beautiful“美丽的”符合句意。故选C。 14．句意：现在Brown太太正在花园里采摘一些花。 birds鸟；flowers花；trees树；fruits水果。根据“Now Mrs. Brown is picking (采摘) some … in the garden．”可知，Brown太太是在花园里采摘一些花。故选B。 15．句意：布朗一家非常喜欢他们的房子。 her她的；his他的；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“The Browns like … house very much.”可知，此处是形容词性物主代词接名词house。The Browns是指布朗一家人，用their。故选C。 6 通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 What is a birthday? It tells us that a person was born on that 1 . But do you want to know more about a(n) 2 ? In China, a birthday is very important 3 old people and small kids. In the family, 4 members always have a party for a person’s birthday. Many years ago, people 5 celebrated birthdays for old people and small kids. 6 now almost all people celebrate their birthdays every year. In China, there are some 7 ways to celebrate a birthday. For old people, the family make shoumian and shoubao. 8 are great birthday food. For small kids, the family give them hongbao, a red paper bag with money in it. Kids 9 it very much. And old people and small kids always 10 eggs on their birthdays. 11 are a symbol of life and good luck. These years eating a birthday cake is getting popular in China. So we always can see the 12 on the birthday. In 13 English countries, people sing the birthday song Happy Birthday to the birthday person and eat the birthday cake together. Before the dinner 14 , the birthday person makes a wish and blows out the candles on the cake. This is popular around the world now. A birthday is a great day to each of us. I am 15 we all like it. 1．A．desk B．sale C．TV D．day 2．A．card B．ice-cream C．key D．birthday 3．A．to B．of C．at D．in 4．A．family B．class C．school D．library 5．A．too B．not C．only D．no 6．A．And B．But C．So D．Then 7．A．happy B．middle C．boring D．interesting 8．A．They B．We C．You D．He and she 9．A．help B．ask C．like D．sell 10．A．buy B．eat C．finish D．know 11．A．Oranges B．Sweaters C．Radios D．Eggs 12．A．food B．fruit C．colour D．subject 13．A．first B．last C．some D．an 14．A．trip B．party C．lesson D．game 15．A．busy B．free C．welcome D．sure 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于生日的一些事情，包括生日对于老人和小孩的意义、中国以及西方庆祝生日的方式。 1．句意：它告诉我们一个人在那天出生。 desk桌子；sale卖；TV电视；day天。由“a person was born”可知，此处指一个人在那天出生，day符合题意。故选D。 2．句意：但是你想知道更多关于生日的事情吗？ card卡片；ice-cream冰淇淋；key钥匙；birthday生日。由“It tells us that a person was born on that day”可知，此处是问关于生日的事情，birthday符合题意。故选D。 3．句意：在中国，生日对老人和小孩来说都很重要。 to对于；of……的；at在……；in在……里。be important to sb.意为“对某人来说很重要”，to符合题意。故选A。 4．句意：在家里，家庭成员总是为一个人的生日举办聚会。 family家庭；class班级；school学校；library图书馆。由“In the family”可知，此处指家庭成员，family符合题意。故选A。 5．句意：很多年前，人们只给老人和小孩庆祝生日。 too也；not不；only只有；no没有。由“now almost all people celebrate their birthdays every year”可知，此处表示转折，即以前只有老人和小孩过生日，only符合题意。故选C。 6．句意：但是现在几乎所有人都每年庆祝他们的生日。 And和；But但是；So因此；Then然后。由“Many years ago, people only celebrated birthdays for old people and small kids”和“now almost all people celebrate their birthdays every year”可知，此处表示转折，but符合题意。故选B。 7．句意：在中国，有一些有趣的庆祝生日的方式。 happy快乐的；middle中间的；boring无聊的；interesting有趣的。由“For old people, the family make shoumian and shoubao”和“For small kids, the family give them hongbao”可知，此处介绍的是有趣的庆祝生日的方式，interesting符合题意。故选D。 8．句意：它们是很好的生日食物。 They它们；We我们；You你们；He and she他和她。由“the family make shoumian and shoubao”可知，此处指代前文的shoumian和shoubao，是复数概念，they符合题意。故选A。 9．句意：孩子们非常喜欢它。 help帮助；ask问；like喜欢；sell卖。由“For small kids, the family give them hongbao”可知，此处表示孩子们很喜欢红包，like符合题意。故选C。 10．句意：老人和小孩总是在他们生日的时候吃鸡蛋。 buy买；eat吃；finish完成；know知道。由“And old people and small kids always…eggs on their birthdays”可知，此处表示吃鸡蛋，eat符合题意。故选B。 11．句意：鸡蛋是生命和好运的象征。 Oranges橘子；Sweaters毛衣；Radios收音机；Eggs鸡蛋。由“And old people and small kids always eat eggs on their birthdays”可知，此处表示鸡蛋是生命和好运的象征，eggs符合题意。故选D。 12．句意：所以我们总是能在生日上看到这种食物。 food食物；fruit水果；colour颜色；subject科目。由“These years eating a birthday cake is getting popular in China”可知，此处表示生日上能看到这种食物，food符合题意。故选A。 13．句意：在一些英语国家，人们唱生日歌《生日快乐》给过生日的人，并一起吃生日蛋糕。 first第一；last最后；some一些；an一个。由“English countries”可知，some修饰复数名词，表示“一些英语国家”。故选C。 14．句意：在晚餐聚会之前，寿星许个愿，吹灭蛋糕上的蜡烛。 trip旅行；party聚会；lesson课；game游戏。由“people sing the birthday song Happy Birthday to the birthday person and eat the birthday cake together”可知，此处表示在聚会之前，party符合题意。故选B。 15．句意：我确信我们都喜欢它。 busy忙碌的；free空闲的；welcome受欢迎的；sure确定的。由“A birthday is a great day to each of us”可知，此处表示确信大家都喜欢过生日，sure符合题意。故选D。 7 In our school, many students join the music club. 1 is the music club so popular (流行的)? Let me 2 you about this. Music 3 relaxing (令人放松的). Students have 4 classes every day: four in the morning and three in the afternoon. They’re very 5 with their subjects. Music can help them relax and have a good 6 at night. When they’re free, they usually watch TV 7 play computer games. But in the club, they can make full use of (充分利用) their free time. They can talk about music and learn from each other. They think it is great 8 . In the club, students can meet new people with the same interests, so they can make 9 with them. Some of the students in the club are good 10 English—they can 11 English and sing songs 12 English well. So they can help you with English. It’s cool. The club is 13 . If you want to have a good time after school, join the music club now. 14 me at 293-7742 or come to the School Music 15 . 1．A．What B．Why C．When D．Where 2．A．ask B．say C．tell D．talk 3．A．am B．is C．are D．\ 4．A．five B．six C．seven D．eight 5．A．busy B．first C．last D．free 6．A．day B．book C．sleep D．clock 7．A．but B．or C．so D．because 8．A．fun B．time C．day D．weekend 9．A．dances B．singers C．friends D．food 10．A．at B．for C．with D．to 11．A．say B．listen C．change D．speak 12．A．at B．from C．in D．with 13．A．boring B．bad C．hard D．fun 14．A．Call B．E-mail C．Phone D．Write 15．A．Street B．Center C．Shop D．Library 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了学校的音乐俱乐部很受欢迎的原因，俱乐部可以让人们放松，学习音乐，交朋友，并且能帮助你学好英语。 1．句意：为什么音乐俱乐部如此受欢迎？ What什么；Why为什么；When什么时候；Where哪里。根据下文“Let me ... you about this.”可知，作者要告诉读者为什么音乐俱乐部如此受欢迎。故选B。 2．句意：让我来告诉你。 ask问；say说；tell告诉；talk交谈。tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人关于某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 3．句意：音乐是令人放松的。 am是，主语为I；is是，主语为第三人称单数；are是，主语为you或复数；/不填。本句主语music是不可数名词，所以be动词用单数is。故选B。 4．句意：学生们每天有七节课。 five五；six六；seven七；eight八。根据后文“four in the morning and three in the afternoon.”可知一天共有七节课。故选C。 5．句意：他们忙于他们的科目。 busy忙碌的；first第一的；last最后的；free空闲的。根据上文“four in the morning and three in the afternoon”可知他们每天忙着上课，be busy with sth.“忙于某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 6．句意：音乐可以帮助他们放松，晚上睡个好觉。 day天；book书；sleep睡眠；clock钟表。根据“Music can help them relax”可知音乐可以帮助他们晚上睡个好觉，have a good sleep“睡个好觉”，固定搭配。故选C。 7．句意：当他们有空的时候，他们通常看电视或者玩电脑游戏。 but但是；or或者；so所以；because因为。“watch TV”和“play computer games”是选择关系，用or连接。故选B。 8．句意：他们认为它是非常有趣的。 fun有趣的；time时间；day天；weekend周末。根据上文“They can talk about music and learn from each other.”可知，他们可以谈论音乐，互相学习，所以此处指“他们认为这很有趣”。故选A。 9．句意：在俱乐部里，学生可以认识有相同兴趣的新朋友，所以可以和他们交朋友。 dances舞蹈；singers歌手；friends朋友；food食物。根据上文“In the club, students can meet new people with the same interests”可知，学生可以和相同兴趣的人交朋友，make friends with sb.“和某人交朋友”。故选C。 10．句意：俱乐部里的一些学生擅长英语。 at在；for为了；with和；to朝，向。根据下文“So they can help you with English.”可知，是指一些学生擅长英语，be good at“擅长”。故选A。 11．句意：他们可以说英语并且用英语唱歌唱得很好。 say说，强调说的内容；listen听；change改变；speak说，强调说的动作或说某种语言。根据“English”可知，是指讲英语，应用speak。故选D。 12．句意：他们可以说英语并且用英语唱歌唱得很好。 at在；from从；in用；with和。根据下文“So they can help you with English”可知，擅长英语，所以可以用英语很好地唱歌，in English“用英语”。故选C。 13．句意：这个俱乐部是有趣的。 boring无聊的；bad坏的；hard努力的；fun有趣的。由上文“They can talk about music and learn from each other. They think it is great ...”可知这个俱乐部是有趣的。故选D。 14．句意：打电话293-7742给我，或者到学校音乐中心来。 Call打电话；E-mail发电子邮件；Phone电话；Write写。根据“...me at 293-7742”可知，此处指打电话，call sb at+电话号码“给某人打……电话”。故选A。 15．句意：打电话293-7742给我，或者到学校音乐中心来。 Street街道；Center中心；Shop商店；Library图书馆。根据上文“join the music club now”可知，此处是指学校音乐中心，the School Music Center“学校音乐中心”。故选B。 8 Lisa usually gets 1 at twenty past six. At 7 o’ clock, she has 2 with her parents. She 3 to school by bus at half 4 seven. Classes begin at eight. She has four classes in the 5 . She 6 lunch at school at twelve ten. She has two classes in 7 afternoon. After school, she often 8 with her classmates. At a quarter past five, 9 goes home by subway (地铁). She 10 at five thirty 11 has dinner at seven o’clock. After dinner, she often does 12 homework and then watches TV for a 13 . She goes to 14 at about a quarter to 15 . 1．A．down B．early C．up D．late 2．A．breakfast B．lunch C．dinner D．fun 3．A．has B．goes C．does D．takes 4．A．at B．to C．past D．for 5．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 6．A．is B．has C．have D．had 7．A．a B．an C．the D．\ 8．A．play football B．plays football C．play the football D．plays the football 9．A．I B．she C．he D．we 10．A．gets home B．gets to home C．goes to home D．go to home 11．A．and B．so C．before D．after 12．A．my B．your C．his D．her 13．A．weekend B．day C．time D．while 14．A．home B．school C．bed D．class 15．A．five B．six C．seven D．ten 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了Lisa的良好作息习惯。 1．句意：Lisa通常在6点20起床。 down向下；early早的；up向上；late晚的。根据下文可知，此处表示在6点20起床。get up起床，是固定短语。故选C。 2．句意：她在7点和她的父母一起吃早餐。 breakfast早餐；lunch午餐；dinner晚餐；fun有趣的。根据上下文可知，6点20起床，7点吃早餐。故选A。 3．句意：她七点半乘公共汽车去上学。 has有；goes去；does做；takes花费。go to school去上学。故选B。 4．句意：她七点半乘公共汽车去上学。 at在；to离，差；past晚于，在……之后；for表示一段时间。half past seven七点半。故选C。 5．句意：她上午有四节课。 morning上午；afternoon下午；evening晚上；night夜晚。根据“Classes begin at eight”可知讲上午有几节课。故选A。 6．句意：她12点10分在学校吃午饭。 is是；has有，第三人称单数形式；have有，动词原形；had有，动词过去式或过去分词。have lunch“吃午餐”，结合上下文可知用一般现在时，“She”后用has。故选B。 7．句意：她下午有两节课。 a不定冠词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指；/零冠词。in the afternoon在下午。故选C。 8．句意：放学后，她经常和同学们踢足球。 play football踢足球；plays football踢足球，动词第三人称单数形式；play the football错误搭配；plays the football错误搭配。play后接球类名词时，名词前不加冠词，“she”后用动词第三人称单数形式。故选B。 9．句意：5点15分时，她乘地铁回家。 I我；she她；he他；we我们。根据上文可知，此处是她乘地铁回家。故选B。 10．句意：她五点半回家，七点钟吃晚饭。 gets home到家；gets to home表述错误，home前不加介词to；goes to home表述错误，home前不加介词to；go to home表述错误，home前不加介词to。四个选项中只有A项表达正确。故选A。 11．句意：她五点半回家，七点钟吃晚饭。 and和；so因此；before在……之前；after在……之后。此处连接并列谓语结构，用and，故选A 12．句意：晚饭后，她经常做作业，然后看一会儿电视。 my我的；your你的；his他的；her她的。根据主语“she”可知是做她的家庭作业。故选D。 13．句意：晚饭后，她经常做作业，然后看一会儿电视。 weekend周末；day一天；time时间；while当……时候。for a while一会。故选D。 14．句意：她大约在9:45上床睡觉。 home家；school学校；bed床；class班级。根据“After dinner, she often does her homework and then watches TV for a while”可知晚上该睡觉了，go to bed“上床睡觉”。故选C。 15．句意：她大约在9:45上床睡觉。 five五；six六；seven七；ten十。根据上下文可知，她在9点45去睡觉。故选D。 9 Farmers work all day, farmers work all year too. Farmers are 1 every season. They work hard from spring to summer to autumn to winter. Mr and Mrs Chen are farmers in the north of China. They have one daughter. 2 name is Meimei. Meimei is 12 years old. She often helps her parents 3 housework. It is spring now. The weather is cool. Meimei likes spring 4 . It is raining now. The rain is good for plants. Looking at the apple trees. Meimei 5 about the sweet apples in autumn. It is summer! The weather is hot. The sun helps the plants grow, but too much sun can kill them. Mr Chen looks after the plants 6 . Each day, he waters the plants to keep them 7 . It is autumn now. Every day Meimei 8 the red apples off the trees. Today, Meimei’s grandparents come to visit the family. Mrs Chen 9 a wonderful meal. Now it is winter. The 10 is cold. It is not so busy on the farm now. It is 11 in the garden and in the fields. Mrs Chen makes sweaters and hats for Mr Chen and Meimei. The clothes keep them warm in the cold winter. Meimei 12 to make things too. She is making a long scarf for her cousin. Soon, it snows. Meimei plays in the snow with children from 13 farms. The garden and fields are all white. It is so cold that 14 grows in the snow. A hungry fox in the field wants to find a bird to eat. 15 there are no birds in the trees. 1．A．friendly B．tired C．glad D．busy 2．A．His B．Her C．Its D．Their 3．A．in B．on C．at D．with 4．A．fewest B．best C．least D．worst 5．A．thinks B．worries C．dreams D．knows 6．A．carefully B．hopefully C．perfectly D．excitedly 7．A．healthy B．happy C．hot D．warm 8．A．chooses B．grows C．picks D．takes 9．A．works B．does C．plans D．cooks 10．A．water B．air C．weather D．wind 11．A．noisy B．quiet C．colorful D．interesting 12．A．happens B．gets C．hopes D．learns 13．A．other B．another C．some D．every 14．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 15．A．And B．But C．So D．Because 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了美美一家在农场上一年四季的生活。 1．句意：农民一年四季都在忙。 friendly友好的；tired疲劳的；glad开心的；busy忙碌的。根据“Farmers work all day, farmers work all year too.”可知，农民一年四季都在忙，busy“忙碌的”符合语境。故选D。 2．句意：她的名字叫美美。 His他的；Her她的；Its它的；Their他们的。根据“...name is Meimei.”可知，她的名字叫美美，此处需用her来表达她的。故选B。 3．句意：她经常帮她父母做家务。 in在……里面；on在……上面；at在；with和。根据“She often helps her parents...housework.”可知，help sb with sth.“帮助某人某事”。故选D。 4．句意：美美最喜欢春天。 fewest最少的；best最好的；least最少的；worst最坏的。根据“The weather is cool. Meimei likes spring...”可知，like sth. best“最喜欢某物”，此处用best表达美美最喜欢春天，符合语境。故选B。 5．句意：美美想着秋天收获的甜苹果。 thinks想；worries担心；dreams做梦；knows了解。根据“Meimei...about the sweet apples in autumn.”可知，think about“思索，想”符合语境。故选A。 6．句意：陈先生非常小心地照料着那些植物。 carefully小心地；hopefully有希望地；perfectly完美地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“The sun helps the plants grow, but too much sun can kill them.”可知，阳光有助于植物生长，但过多的阳光会杀死它们，所以陈先生很小心在照料，carefully“小心地”符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：每天，他都给植物浇水以保持它们健康。 healthy健康的；happy开心的；hot热的；warm温暖的。根据“Each day, he waters the plants to keep them...”可知，为了保证植物的健康每天都浇水，keep+adj.“保持某一个状态”，healthy“健康的”符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：美美每天都在树上摘红苹果。 chooses选择；grows种；picks采摘；takes带走。根据“Every day Meimei...the red apples off the trees.”可知，每天都在树上摘苹果，pick“采摘”符合语境。故选C。 9．句意：陈太太做了一顿美味的饭。 works工作；does做；plans计划；cooks烹饪。根据“Mrs Chen...a wonderful meal.”可知，cook a meal“做一顿饭”符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：冬天天气很冷。 water水；air空气；weather天气；wind风。根据“Now it is winter. The...is cold.”可知，冬天天气很冷。故选C。 11．句意：花园和田野里都很安静。 noisy嘈杂的；quiet安静的；colourful多彩的；interesting有趣的。根据“It is not so busy on the farm now. It is...in the garden and in the fields.”可知，冬天农场不忙，而且动物很多都在冬眠，所以很安静，quiet“安静的”符合语境。故选B。 12．句意：美美也学会了做衣服。 happens发生；gets得到；hopes希望；learns学习。根据“Meimei...to make things too. She is making a long scarf for her cousin.”可知，美美也学会了做衣服，learn to do sth.“学会做某事”。故选D。 13．句意：很快，下雪了。美美和来自其他农场的孩子们在雪地里玩耍。 other其他；another其他，三者或更多；some一些；every每个。根据“Meimei plays in the snow with children from...farms.”可知，此处没有提及有多少个其他的农场，泛指其他的用other。故选A。 14．句意：天气太冷了，雪里什么也长不出来。 everything每件事物；something一些事；nothing没有一件东西；anything任何东西。根据“It is so cold that...grows in the snow.”可知，冬天天气太冷没有东西能长出来，nothing“没有任何东西”符合语境。故选C。 15．句意：但是树上一只鸟都没有。 And和；But但是；So所以；Because因为。根据“...there are no birds in the trees.”可知，饥饿的狐狸想要找一只鸟吃，但是那里一只鸟都没了，此处用but表达转折。故选B。 10 John is very happy to come to his new school. Now he is a middle school student. He has many new 1 and friends. They are all very friendly. What is a school day like in a middle school? Let John tell us about 2 day at the new school. His school day usually goes from 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. 3 some days he needs to have cheerleading (啦啦队) practice at 6:30 a.m. So he goes to school 4 on those days. His new school is near his home, so he can walk there. He always spends about 10 5   walking to school. After he gets there, he walks to his locker (柜子) and gets the books for lessons. Each 6   goes for 50 minutes. He only has 6 minutes to get to the next class. He has 7 classes in the morning. At 12:30 p.m., he has 8 in the school dining hall. After that, he sometimes has to go out and play 9 his classmates. In the afternoon, he has three classes. Before the school day is over, there is always a meeting. John is still 10 after school. He goes to some clubs. He likes sports. He is a member of the school football club and he dreams of being a 11 star one day. He plays football every Monday. 12 he reads books in the library and sometimes he works as a lifeguard (救生员). His family members have dinner at 7:20 in the 13 . After he has dinner, he can 134 for a while, he likes watching football matches. He starts doing homework at about 8 p.m. He goes to bed at about 9:20. He 14 his day very much. He thinks his school day is very great. 1．A．students B．teachers C．workers D．heroes 2．A．our B．your C．his D．my 3．A．After B．Or C．Before D．But 4．A．late B．early C．fast D．slow 5．A．minutes B．hours C．days D．weeks 6．A．meeting B．class C．meal D．sport 7．A．two B．three C．four D．five 8．A．lunch B．supper C．coffee D．tea 9．A．in B．on C．with D．for 10．A．thirsty B．hungry C．free D．busy 11．A．tennis B．football C．basketball D．volleyball 12．A．always B．never C．seldom D．sometimes 13．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．night 14．A．watch TV B．see a film C．go swimming D．take a walk 15．A．enjoys B．dislikes C．studies D．wants 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．A 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约翰在新学校一天的安排。 1．句意：他有许多新老师和新朋友。 students学生；teachers老师；workers工人；heroes英雄。根据“John is very happy to come to his new school.”可知，有许多新老师和新朋友。故选B。 2．句意：让约翰告诉我们他在新学校的一天。 our我们的；your你们的；his他的；my我的。根据全内容，是介绍约翰在新学校的一天。故选C。 3．句意：但有时他需要在早上6:30参加拉拉队训练。 After在……之后；Or否则；Before在……之前；But但是。根据“His school day usually goes from 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.”可知，前后两句是转折关系。故选D。 4．句意：所以他在那些日子上学很早。 late迟地；early早地；fast快速地；slow慢的。根据“at 6:30 a.m.”可知，约翰需要早点儿到学校。故选B。 5．句意：他总是花大约10分钟步行到学校。 minutes分钟；hours小时；days天；weeks周。根据“His new school is near his home, so he can walk there.”可知，离家很近，所以只需要10分钟就能到学校。故选A。 6．句意：每节课50分钟。 meeting会议；class课；meal饭；sport运动。根据“After he gets there, he walks to his locker (柜子) and gets the books for lessons.”可知，每节课持续50分钟。故选B。 7．句意：他早上有四节课。 two两；three三；four四；five五。根据“At 12:30 p.m”可知，从8:30上课到12:30结束，大约有4节课。故选C。 8．句意：下午12:30，他在学校食堂吃午饭。 lunch午饭；supper晚饭；coffee咖啡；tea茶。根据“in the school dining hall”可知，12:30是午餐时间。故选A。 9．句意：在那之后，他有时不得不出去和他的同学玩。 in在……里面；on在……上面；with和……一起；for对于……来说。根据固定搭配“和某人一起玩：play with sb.”可知，with符合句意。故选C。 10．句意：放学后约翰仍然很忙。 thirsty渴的；hungry饿的；free空闲的；busy忙碌的。根据下文可知，放学后约翰仍有很多事情要做，因此他是忙碌的。故选D。 11．句意：他是学校足球俱乐部的成员，他梦想有一天成为一名足球明星。 tennis网球；football足球；basketball篮球；volleyball排球。根据“He is a member of the school football club”可知，长大后想成为足球明星。故选B。 12．句意：他有时在图书馆看书，有时他是一名救生员。 always总是；never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时。根据“and sometimes he works as a lifeguard (救生员)”可知，前后两句是并列句，因此他有时在图书馆看书。故选D。 13．句意：他的家人在晚上7:20吃晚饭。 morning早上；afternoon下午；evening晚上；night夜里。根据“at 7:20”可知，是晚上。故选C。 14．句意：晚饭后，他可以看一会儿电视，他喜欢看足球比赛。 watch TV看电视；see a film看电影；go swimming去游泳；take a walk散步。根据“he likes watching football matches.”可知，饭后可以看电视。故选A。 15．句意：他非常喜欢他的一天。 enjoys喜欢；dislikes不喜欢；studies学习；wants想要。根据“He thinks his school day is very great.”可知，约翰很喜欢他的一天。故选A。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$