Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Extended reading 知识点 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第三册

WORDS & PHRASES 01 Language points Useful expressions 01 1. 把...置于危险之中(L4) 2. 参与;卷入;与...有关联(L5) 3. 换句话说(L6) 4. 致力于...(L6) 5. 被...所熟悉(L10) 6. 使某人能够做某事(L11) 7. 归因于(L12) 8. 有利的力量(L13) put...at risk be involved in put another way devote oneself to sth. be familiar to sb. enable sb. to do sth. to the credit of... enabling power Useful expressions 01 9. 知识上的享受(L17) 10. 使某人失望(L21) 11. 翻转(L21) 12. 转向;求助于(L25) 13. 关于,至于(L28) 14. 不肯定,有疑惑(L29) 15. 认为...理所当然(L30) 16. 给...留余地(L35) 17. 允许...做...(L35) intellectual enjoyment let sb. down turn over turn to as to be in doubt take ... for granted leave room for permit sb. to do sth. 1. I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science?” 科学里是不是有罪恶？ involve vt.包含; 涉及; 影响 (使)参加 get / be involved in 参与；卷入；聚精会神于involve doing sth. 包括做某事 involve sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与做某事 【归纳】 用所给词的正确形式填空。 2) He ____ __________ ____(involve) doing his experiment last night. ______ in doing his experiment last night, he knew nothing outside. 3) You shouldn’t have got him _________(involve) in your argument. 5) As he was involved in the boring talk，he was a little annoyed. (改为省略句) _________________________，he was a little annoyed. was involved in involved Involved in the boring talk Involved 你本不该把他牵涉进你们的争吵。 翻译此句： 2. ...it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. credit n.赞扬,认可;信用 vt.存入金额;把...归于 根据语境，写出credit词性和意思。 1) We don’t mind who gets the credit as long as we don’t get the blame. ________________ 2) The cheque has been credited to your account. ________________ 3) They credited him with the discovery. ________________ 4) Much of Manchester United's success would be credited to their manager. ________________ n. 赞扬 vt. 存入金额 vt. 把...归功于 vt. 归因于 moral adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n. 道德； 寓意 翻译下列句子。 1) The people who will be on the committee are moral, cultured competent people. ____________________________________________________ 2) They have no morals. ____________________________________________________ 3) I think you can run a business to the highest moral standards. ____________________________________________________ 进入委员会的人要品行端正，有文化，有能力。 他们没有一点品行。 我认为你可以用最高的道德标准来经营公司。 3. …but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. ……但它没有自带说明该如何运用。 ※apply vt. 应用 1) He is eager to apply the technology to practical business problems. 2) In this way they can better apply theory to practice. ※ apply v. 申请；请求 1) He applied for a job in the company. 2) You have to apply to the U.S.  embassy (大使馆) for a visa. apply ... to ... 把……应用于…… apply for ... apply to ... for ... 申请…… 向……申请…… The nurse applied some medicine to her swollen arm. ※apply v. 贴，涂，敷 What I have said applies only to some of you. ※apply v. 适用 【拓展】 apply oneself to ... / apply one’s minds to ... 致力于……，专心于…… ____________ n. 应用 ____________ n. 申请人（尤指求职、进高等学校等） application applicant apply ... to ... 把……贴/涂/敷到…… apply to... 适用于…… 用所给词的正确形式填空并说出考察点。 1) She applied _______ a job with the local newspaper. 2) Do the same rules apply _____ part-time workers? 3) Please clean the wound with a clean cloth and then apply the medicine ____ it. 4) Later I decided to apply my previous experience to __________ (learn) how to read and write. 5) His ____________ (apply) for membership of the organization was rejected. for to learning to application 4. Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. (翻译) ________________________________________________________ take sb./sth. for granted (因习以为常)对……不予重视，（因视为当然而）不把……当回事 汉译英。 1) 她的父母随时都出现在她身边，她却认为他们理应如此。 2) 我认为女孩子对穿衣很讲究是理所当然的。 现在，我们科学家理所当然地认为，人类生而有所不知是完全有可能的。 Her parents were always there and she just took them for granted. I take it for granted that girls are particular about clothes. 5. Permit us to questions --- to doubt --- to not be sure. permit vt. & vi. 允许,准许,许可;使有可能 【拓展】 permission 1) permit n. 许可证 a work / travel / parking permit________________________ 工作／旅游／停车许可证 2) ___________ n. 许可 允许做某事：_________________ 允许某人做某事:__________________ permit sb. to do sth. permit doing sth. permit --________ 过去式/ 过去分词_________ 现在分词 permitted permitting 用所给词的正确形式填空。 2) As a punishment, she was not ___________ ____ ________ any school activities. 作为惩罚，不允许她参加学校的任何活动。 3) If weather ________(permit),we hope to visit the museum, 4) You must ask for ___________(permit) before taking photos inside the church. 你必须申请批准方可在教堂拍照。 permitted to attend permits permission Weather __________(permit),we hope to visit the museum. permitting 6. It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom...... responsibility n.(道德、社会)责任，义务 有(做)某事的责任 某人有责任做某事 承担(做)某事的责任 责任感 【拓展】 ______________ adj. 负责的 ___________________________ 负责做某事 responsible be responsible for doing sth 记忆 have responsibility for (doing) sth. It’s one’s responsibility to do sth. take responsibility for (doing) sth. a sense of responsibility declare vt. 公布，宣布；表明，宣称；申报 declare war on 向……宣战 declare that 宣布/宣称 declare against/for sb/sth  声明反对 /赞成（支持） declare … to be… 宣布 / 宣称……是…… 记忆 翻译下面句子。 1) The government declared a state of emergency following the tsunami. ________________________________________________ 2) He was declared to be innocent. ________________________________________________ 3) Most people declared for peace and against war. ________________________________________________ 海啸过后，政府宣布进入紧急状态。 他被宣称无罪。 大多数人声明拥护和平，反对战争。 1. Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. 1)说出 find unimagined strangeness leading on to...的结构： ________________________________ 2)strangeness与lead之间构成了逻辑上的_______关系， 3)现在分词短语leading on to…在句子中充当______。 find+宾语+宾补结构？/后置定语 主动 宾补 1) “find +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，作宾语补足语的可以是过去分词、现在分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词等。 ①find sb. / sth. done ②find sb. /sth. doing ③find sb. / sth. + adj. / adv. / n. / prep. I find him the man who saved me. (名词) Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home. (形容词) When I came to, I found myself in my mother’s arms. (介词短语) 发现某人/某物被…… 发现某人/某物正在做…… 觉得某人/某物…… Practice 1. 我发现这项工作令人厌烦。(翻译) _________________________________ 2. 我发现他在自己的房间里。(翻译) _________________________________ 3. We __________________ in the garden. 我们发现他正在花园里干活。 4. When he came home ________________________. 当他回到家的时候，他发现门是关着的。 found him working he found the door closed I found the job boring. I found him in his own room. 2) find + 宾语 + adj. + to do eg 男孩发现这本小说很难读懂。(翻译) The boy found the novel difficult to read. 3) find + it + adj.+ to do eg 我发现很难同他的兄弟相处。(翻译) I found it hard to get along with his brother. 翻译句子。 1) 他们在森林中发现他受伤了。 2) 当我们到达时，发现他在睡觉。 They found him injured in the forest. When we arrived, we found him sleeping . 2. It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations. 1)分析这个句子(指出主语、谓语、宾语状语等；指出句式结构)。2)翻译这个句子。 1）句首是it是形式主语，真正的主语是三个并列的动词不定式短语。 2) knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought是动词 –ing形式充当原因状语。 Try to translate the sentence. ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 作为科学家我们深知伟大的进步是思想自由的成果，我们 有责任阐明这种自由的价值，我们有责任教导人们怀疑不 可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨；我们更有责任强烈要求拥有这 一自由，这就是我们对后世的义务。 Finish the exercise in workbook on Page 75、76. $$