课时精练(16) Section Ⅳ Extended reading&Project&Assessment-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版）

课时精练(十六)Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　根据汉语提示或首字母填入单词的适当形式 1．The city was heavily bombed (轰炸) in the war. 2．Alcohol negates (使失效) the effects of the drug. 3．Children often behave badly out of ignorance (无知). 4．It is one of the great unsolved mysteries (神秘的事物) of this century. 5．The marriage (结婚) ceremony took place in the church. 6．Red is believed to keep misfortune and evil (恶毒的) spirits away. 7．High levels of lead could damage the intellectual (脑力的) development of children. 8．A policeman has the authority (权力) to arrest lawbreakers. 9．The volunteers aim to help victims of disaster regardless of their race or nationality． 10．In the course of evolution，some birds have lost the power of flight. 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．Sometimes we’re let down，but more often we’re lifted up. 2．I think that he is certainly putting an ambitious plan forward． 3．Governments took it for granted that managing economic demand was their responsibility. 4．Unfortunately we are in complete ignorance (ignore) of his plans. 维度三　完成句子 1．由于在日常烹调中使用草药，那位老太太比她所有的兄弟姐妹多活了10年。(survive sb. by) The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers by ten years for using herbs in daily cookery. 2．他已下定决心要他的儿子管理作坊。(intend sb. to do sth.) He has made up his mind to intend his son to manage the workshop. 3．如果你想做关于电现象的实验，你想用什么材料呢？ (experiment with) If you want to experiment with electricity，what materials would you use？ 4．他很可能会在下周的演讲中出现。(Sb./Sth. is likely to do sth.) He is likely to appear in the lecture next week. 5．直到那时，我才意识到他们的婚姻正在破裂，因为他们没有什么共同之处。(It was not until... that... ) It was not until then that I realized their marriage was breaking up because they had little in common. 维度四　课文语法填空 What is the value of science？ The first value is that scientific knowledge enables us 1.to do (do) and make all kinds of things. Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad—2.butit does not carry instructions on how to apply it. Such power 3.has (have) obvious value. Another value of science is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us 4.with. Thanks to the scientific effort，we have been led to imagine all 5.sorts (sort) of things which are more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could. Let’s turn to a 6.third (three) value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with 7.ignorance (ignorant) and doubt and uncertainty，and this experience is 8.greatly (great) important. Scientists take it for granted that 9.itis perfectly possible to live and not know. 10．Knowing (know) the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought，we as scientists have the responsibility to declare the value of this freedom. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 If Mars were the popular kid in school，Venus (金星)would be the unwelcome one sitting in the corner，largely ignored. Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth，but being closer to the sun，it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun. However，instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth’s，Venus’s surface and atmosphere are unbearable：clouds of sulphuric acid (硫酸) blanket the planet，while at ground level，it is hot enough to melt lead. Despite this，there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life. Jane Greaves at Cardiff University，UK，and her colleagues recently detected phosphine (磷化氢)in Venus’s atmosphere，with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology. That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes (微生物). Though this doesn’t mean it was produced by life on Venus，attempts to find non-biological explanations for its presence have so far failed. Our best way of confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look. While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts lately，the phosphine discovery lets people look at Venus in a new light. As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted：“It’s time to prioritize Venus.” In the months and years to come，computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus. More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced. However，there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus. A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus. By doing so，we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine. The discovery of phosphine in Venus’s atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. Possibly，the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着磷化氢被发现在金星，科学家们相信金星上可能孕育着生命。 1．Which description about Venus is not true？ A．It is almost as large as Earth. B．It has nearly the same mass as Earth. C．It has a warmer Earth-like climate. D．It has the unbearable surface and atmosphere. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段“However，instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth’s，Venus’s surface and atmosphere are unbearable... ”由此可知，C选项“金星有像地球一样温暖的气候”错误。故选C项。] 2．What can the discovery of phosphine on Venus indicate？ A．This kind of gas is very common. B．There might exist signs of life. C．Many products can be made with it. D．Experiments were once conducted there. B　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Despite this，there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.”和第三段“... phosphine (磷化氢)in Venus’s atmosphere，with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology.”由此可知，磷化氢的发现表明金星上可能有生命的迹象。故选B项。] 3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？ A．The approaches to exploring phosphine. B．The importance of observations. C．The power of computer simulations. D．The necessity to analyse phosphine. A　[段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本段主要是关于探索磷化氢的方法。故选A项。] 4．Which can best describe the author’s attitude to the exploration of Venus？ A．Casual. B．Cautious. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. C　[观点态度题。根据最后一段“The discovery of phosphine in Venus’s atmosphere is a great accomplishment... get the last laugh.”由此判断出，作者对于探索金星持支持的态度。故选C项。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Einstein was not only the outstanding scientist of the 20th century，but also a gifted and enthusiastic musician. He once said that if he hadn’t been a scientist，he would have been a　1　. “Life without playing music is unthinkable for me，” he said. “I get most　2　 in life out of music.” Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist who　3　 music to the family life. Einstein began to learn to play the　4　 at the age of six. He worked hard until he　5　 the joys of Mozart’s sonatas (奏鸣曲) at the age of 13. From that　6　 on，although he had no further lessons，his violin　7　 his companion. When Einstein moved to Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 to complete his schooling，he seemed to have　8　 much of his time to music. Just before his 17th birthday，Einstein played at the music　9　 in the school，and the examiner reported that “a student called Einstein shone in the　10　 felt performance of one of the Beethoven sonatas”. In addition to his great　11　 in playing the violin，he also played the piano and,　12　， loved to improvise (即兴创作). Late in life，Einstein’s reputation as a physicist often led to　13　 to perform at benefit concerts，which he generally accepted happily. Probably the　14　 that comes nearest to Einstein comes from his friend Janos Plesch，who wrote “There are many musicians with much　15　 technique，but none，I believe，who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了科学家爱因斯坦还是一名有天赋的音乐家，讲述他对音乐的热爱以及音乐技巧的高超。 1．A．physician B．musician C．politician D．reporter B　[根据上文“Einstein was not only the... gifted and enthusiastic musician.”可知，本空应该是音乐家，故选B项。] 2．A．joy B．money C．idea D．energy A　[根据上文“Life without playing music is unthinkable for me”可推断，音乐是爱因斯坦生活中最大的乐趣，故选A项。] 3．A．played B．sent C．created D．brought D　[根据上文“Einstein’s mother was a talented pianist”可知，是爱因斯坦的母亲把音乐带到了家庭生活中，故选D项。] 4．A．violin B．piano C．knowledge D．game A　[根据下文“although he had no further lessons，his violin ____ his companion”可知，本句中应是小提琴，故选A项。] 5．A．loved B．tracked C．discovered D．confirmed C　[音乐是他生活中最大的乐趣，所以发现乐趣符合语境，故选C项。] 6．A．location B．space C．access D．point D　[根据上文“until he____the joys of Mozart’s sonatas (奏鸣曲) at the age of 13”可知，从那个时候起，小提琴一直陪伴着他，故选D项。] 7．A．turned B．remained C．appeared D．seemed B　[根据上文“although he had no further lessons”可知，上下文是转折关系，所以是他的小提琴一直陪伴着他，故选B项。] 8．A．devoted B．spent C．lost D．wasted A　[根据下文“much of his time to music”可知，此处指把时间用于音乐，devote... to... 意为“把……奉献给……”，符合语境，故选A项。] 9．A．performance B．presentation C．exhibition D．examination D　[根据下文“the examiner”可知，应该是音乐考试，故选D项。] 10．A．hardly B．deeply C．carelessly D．honestly B　[根据文章末尾“who ever played with more sincerity or deeper feeling”可知，此处指表演得非常出色，感人至深，故选B项。] 11．A．skill B．patience C．care D．courage A　[根据上文“a student called Einstein shone in the ____ felt performance”可知，本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐技巧，故选A项。 ] 12．A．after all B．in particular C．at large D．by accident B　[根据上文“In addition to his great____in playing the violin，he also played the piano”可知，本句是在赞扬爱因斯坦的音乐天赋，“尤其”更符合语境，故选B项。] 13．A．contributions B．applications C．invitations D．prizes C　[根据下文“perform at benefit concerts”可知，此处指受邀请去演奏，故选C项。] 14．A．reaction B．destination C．summary D．instruction C　[根据下文“There are many musicians with... sincerity or deeper feeling.”可知，此处是对爱因斯坦音乐才能的总结，故选C项。 ] 15．A．broader B．funnier C．wilder D．better D　[这里对比爱因斯坦和其他音乐家的技巧，并且前后是转折关系，所以应该是“更好的”，故选D项。] Ⅲ.语法填空 When the action movie Wolf WarriorⅡbroke China’s box-office record in 2017，a less prominent (显眼的) figure unexpectedly left a strong 1．________ (impress)on the audience—a military (军事的) scientist 2．________ (call) Dr. Chen who developed a vaccine (疫苗) for a deadly virus spreading across Africa. In 2015，a real military scientist Dr. Chen Wei 3．________ (send) from China to Africa to fight against the deadly Ebola. The only difference between the two figures is 4．________ the real Dr. Chen is “she”. When SARS broke out in China in 2003，Dr. Chen and her team isolated the virus and identified the cause of the disease without delay. 5．________ (luck)，the efforts devoted by them had prevented about 14，000 front-line medical workers 6．________ getting infected. After SARS，the forward-looking woman shifted her attention to Ebola 7．________ claimed (夺去) over 10，000 lives worldwide. In 2015，she and her team went to Sierra Leone and started their second phase of clinical experiments. After countless trials and errors，her vaccine has proven safe and effective，and been widely administered (供给) to staff assigned to help people in Africa. From SARS and Ebola to COVID-19，Dr. Chen has spent much of her time 8．________ (fight) against life-threatening viruses. “We do not have any other choices but 9．________ (win)，” she said. And she made 10．________. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国杰出的军事女科学家陈薇博士的事迹。 1．解析：　impression　考查词性转换。不定冠词a后应用名词形式，leave a strong impression on sb.“给某人留下很深的印象”。故填impression。 2．解析：　called　考查非谓语动词。a military scientist和call之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。 3．解析：　was sent　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语In 2015可知此处应用一般过去时；Dr. Chen Wei 和send之间是被动关系，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，又主语为单数。故填was sent。 4．解析：　that　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺少任何成分且句意完整，应用that引导。故填that。 5．解析：　Luckily　考查词性转换。设空处修饰整个句子，应该用副词形式，由句意可知此处表示“幸运的是”，故填Luckily。 6．解析：　from　考查介词。prevent sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填from。 7．解析：　which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“____ claimed over 10，000 lives worldwide”是定语从句，先行词是Ebola，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。 8．解析：　fighting　考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故填fighting。 9．解析：　to win　考查非谓语动词。have no choice but to do意为“除了做……之外别无选择”，故填to win。 10．解析：　it　考查代词。make it意为“获得成功”，符合语境。故填it。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $