2025年中考英语冲刺语法集训：常考动词及动词短语辨析专题

常考动词及动词短语辨析专题 目录 考点集锦 2 考点一：借进与借出：borrow/lend/keep 2 考点二：说的不同方式：say/speak/talk/tell 3 考点三：提供：provide/offer 3 考点四：遗忘：leave/forget 4 考点五：看：look/see/watch/read 4 考点六：躺 / 说谎 / 放置：lie/lay 5 考点七：接受与收到：accept/receive 6 考点八：建议：advise/suggest 6 考点九：携带：bring/take/carry/fetch 7 考点十：花费：cost/spend/pay/take 7 考点十一：发现与发明：discover/invent 8 考点十二：希望：hope/wish 9 考点十三：到达：arrive/reach/get to 9 考点十四：参加：attend/join/take part in/join in 10 考点十五：能够：be able to/can 11 考点十六：处理：deal with/do with 11 考点十七：死亡原因：die of/die from 12 考点十八：穿戴：dress/wear/be in/put on 13 考点十九：break 相关短语 13 考点二十：look 相关短语 14 考点二十一：turn 相关短语 15 考点二十二：give相关短语 15 考点二十三：take相关短语 16 考点二十四：go 相关短语 18 考点二十五：put 相关短语 20 考点二十六：cut相关短语 22 考点二十七：get相关短语 23 考点二十八：make相关短语 25 考点二十九：bring相关短语 27 考点三十：keep相关短语 28 考点三十一：come相关短语 30 考点三十二：pull相关短语 31 考点三十三：run相关短语 32 小试牛刀 33 考点集锦 考点一：借进与借出：borrow/lend/keep 动词 含义 用法 例句 borrow 借入（短暂性） borrow sth. from sb. Can I borrow a dictionary from the library this afternoon?（今天下午我能从图书馆借本字典吗？） lend 借出（短暂性） lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. Please lend me your pen; mine is out of ink.（请把你的笔借给我，我的没墨水了。） keep 保留（延续性） keep sth. for + 时间段 You can keep the book for two weeks, but don’t forget to return it.（这本书你可以借两周，但别忘了还。） 补充： (1) 延续性与短暂性：borrow 和 lend 为短暂性动词，不能与 “for + 时间段” 连用；keep 为延续性动词，可表 “借用多久”。 (2) 同义转换：How long can I keep the bike? = How long can I borrow the bike?（但前者更符合语法规范）。 考点二：说的不同方式：say/speak/talk/tell 动词 含义 用法 例句 say 说（内容） say sth. (to sb.) say hello/goodbye/sorry She said goodbye to us and left the room quietly.（她向我们道别后安静地离开了房间。） speak 说（动作 / 语言） speak + 语言 /speak to sb. speak highly of（高度评价） Can you speak French fluently enough to communicate with them?（你法语能说得足够流利去和他们交流吗？） talk 交谈 talk to/with sb. about sth. talk back（顶嘴） They are talking about the plan for the summer vacation in the classroom.（他们正在教室里谈论暑假计划。） tell 告诉 / 讲述 tell sb. sth./tell stories tell the difference（区分） My mother often tells me interesting stories before bedtime.（妈妈经常在睡前给我讲有趣的故事。） 补充： (1) 固定搭配：tell the truth（说实话）、tell a lie（撒谎）。 (2) 场景区分：演讲（speak in public）、打电话（speak on the phone）用 speak。 考点三：提供：provide/offer 动词 含义 用法 例句 provide 提供（无主动性） provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. The school provides students with free textbooks every term.（学校每学期为学生提供免费教材。） offer 主动提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. He offered to help me carry the heavy box up the stairs.（他主动帮我把重箱子搬上楼。） 补充： (1) 名词形式：provide 的名词为 provision（供应品），offer 的名词为 offer（提议 / 报价）。 (2) 语气差异：offer 更强调主动意愿，provide 侧重客观供给。 考点四：遗忘：leave/forget 动词 含义 用法 例句 leave 把某物遗忘在某处 leave sth. + 地点 I left my keys in the car when I went shopping yesterday.（昨天购物时我把钥匙落在车里了。） forget 忘记某事 / 物 forget sth./forget to do sth. Don’t forget to bring your homework to school tomorrow.（明天别忘了带作业来学校。） 补充： (1) 不可混淆：leave 后必须接地点，forget 后不接地点。 (2) 反义词：remember to do sth.（记得做某事）。 考点五：看：look/see/watch/read 动词 含义 用法 例句 look 看（动作） look at sth./look + adj.（看起来） Look at the blackboard carefully and follow the teacher’s instructions.（仔细看黑板，按老师的指示做。） see 看见（结果） see sb. do/doing sth. I saw him enter the library but didn’t see him come out.（我看见他进了图书馆，但没看见他出来。） watch 观看（动态过程） watch TV/match They watched the football game with great excitement last night.（昨晚他们激动地观看了足球比赛。） read 阅读（文字） read books/newspapers She enjoys reading novels by Chinese writers in her spare time.（她业余时间喜欢读中国作家的小说。） 补充： (1) 感官短语：look like（看起来像）、see a doctor（看医生）、watch out（当心）。 (2) 进行时态：look 和 watch 可用于进行时（He is looking for his pen），see 一般不用于进行时。 考点六：躺 / 说谎 / 放置：lie/lay 动词 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 含义 例句 说谎 lie lied lied lying 说谎 The boy lied to his mother about finishing his homework.（男孩骗妈妈说作业做完了。） 躺下 / 位于 lie lay lain lying 躺下 / 位于 The cat is lying on the sofa and enjoying the warm sunshine.（猫正躺在沙发上享受温暖的阳光。） 放置 / 下蛋 lay laid laid laying 放置 / 下蛋 The hen laid three eggs in the nest this morning.（母鸡今天早上在窝里下了三个蛋。） 记忆技巧： (1) 说谎（lie）：规则变化（lied-lied），可联想 “说谎要受惩罚（d 结尾）”。 (2) 躺（lie）和放（lay）：躺（lie）的过去式 lay 与放（lay）的原形相同，注意语境区分。 考点七：接受与收到：accept/receive 动词 含义 用法 例句 accept 接受（主观意愿） accept sth./accept an invitation She accepted the job offer after careful consideration.（经过仔细考虑，她接受了那份工作邀请。） receive 收到（客观动作） receive sth. from sb. I received a birthday gift from my pen pal in Australia.（我收到了澳大利亚笔友的生日礼物。） 补充： (1) 反义词：accept 的反义词为 refuse（拒绝），receive 的反义词为 send（发送）。 (2) 场景应用：收到邮件（receive an email）、接受建议（accept advice）。 考点八：建议：advise/suggest 动词 含义 用法 例句 advise 建议（后接不定式） advise sb. to do sth. The doctor advised him to exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet.（医生建议他定期锻炼，均衡饮食。） suggest 建议（后接动名词） suggest doing sth./suggest that + 从句（虚拟语气） I suggest going to the park for a picnic if the weather is fine.（如果天气好，我建议去公园野餐。） 补充： (1) 名词形式：advice 为不可数名词（a piece of advice），suggestion 为可数名词（make suggestions）。 (2) 虚拟语气：suggest that sb. (should) do sth.（should 可省略）。 考点九：携带：bring/take/carry/fetch 动词 含义 用法 例句 bring 带来（向说话者方向） bring sth. to sb. Please bring your notebook to the meeting and take some notes.（请带笔记本参加会议并做些记录。） take 带走（远离说话者方向） take sth. with sb. Don’t forget to take an umbrella with you; it might rain later.（别忘了带伞，一会儿可能下雨。） carry 携带（无方向，强调负重） carry sth. The man carried a heavy bag of rice on his shoulder into the house.（那人肩上扛着一袋重米进了屋。） fetch 去取（往返动作） fetch sth. Can you fetch me a glass of water from the kitchen?（你能去厨房给我拿杯水吗？） 补充： (1) 方向口诀：“带来” 用 bring，“带走” 用 take，“扛着” 用 carry，“去取” 用 fetch。 (2) 固定搭配：carry on（继续）、fetch and carry（打杂）。 考点十：花费：cost/spend/pay/take 动词 主语 用法 例句 cost 物 sth. cost sb. + 金钱 The new smartphone cost me over 5000 yuan, but it’s worth it.（这部新智能手机花了我 5000 多元，但很值。） spend 人 sb. spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth./on sth. She spent the whole afternoon cleaning her room and organizing her books.（她花了整个下午打扫房间、整理书籍。） pay 人 sb. pay + 金钱 + for sth. I paid 200 yuan for the concert ticket and looked forward to the show.（我花 200 元买了演唱会门票，很期待演出。） take 形式主语 it It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. It takes about 20 minutes to walk from my home to the nearest supermarket.（从我家步行到最近的超市大约需要 20 分钟。） 记忆技巧： (1) 物花 cost：物作主语，花钱用 cost。 (2) 人花 spend/pay：spend 花时间或钱，pay 只花钱。 (3) It 花 take：用 it 作主语，花时间用 take。 同一情境对比：花 100 元买书包： (1) The schoolbag cost me 100 yuan.（物作主语） (2) I spent 100 yuan on the schoolbag.（人 + on） (3) I paid 100 yuan for the schoolbag.（人 + for） (4) It took me 100 yuan to buy the schoolbag.（It 作主语） 时间花费对比：花 2 小时做作业： (1) I spent 2 hours doing my homework. (2) It took me 2 hours to do my homework. 考点十一：发现与发明：discover/invent 动词 含义 用法 例句 discover 发现（已存在的事物） discover + 事物 Columbus discovered America in 1492, but he didn’t reach Asia.（哥伦布 1492 年发现了美洲，但未到达亚洲。） invent 发明（新事物） invent + 物品 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in the late 19th century.（亚历山大・格雷厄姆・贝尔在 19 世纪末发明了电话。） 补充： (1) 名词形式：discovery（发现）、invention（发明）。 (2) 场景区分：发现新大陆（discover）、发明电灯（invent）。 考点十二：希望：hope/wish 动词 含义 用法 例句 hope 希望（可实现） hope to do sth./hope + that 从句 I hope to travel around the world and experience different cultures one day.（我希望有一天能环游世界，体验不同文化。） wish 希望（可表祝愿或难以实现） wish sb. to do sth./wish + that 从句（虚拟语气） I wish you to have a successful career and a happy family.（祝你事业有成，家庭幸福。） 补充： (1) 虚拟语气：wish 后接从句时，若表不可能实现的愿望，用过去式（I wish I were taller）。 (2) 固定搭配：wish sb. good luck（祝某人好运）、hope for the best（抱最好的希望）。 考点十三：到达：arrive/reach/get to 短语 用法 例句 arrive in + 大地点 arrive at + 小地点 到达（不及物动词） We arrived in Beijing by train and went straight to the hotel.（我们乘火车到达北京，直接去了酒店。） reach + 地点 到达（及物动词） They reached the top of the mountain after hours of climbing.（经过数小时攀爬，他们到达了山顶。） get to + 地点 到达（口语化） What time do you usually get to school in the morning?（你早上通常几点到校？） 补充： (1) 地点副词：home, here, there 前省略介词（arrive home/get here）。 (2) 同义转换：arrive at the station = reach the station = get to the station。 考点十四：参加：attend/join/take part in/join in 短语 含义 用法 例句 attend 参加（会议、婚礼、课程等） 正式场合 attend a meeting/class He attended the important conference and made a speech there.（他参加了重要会议并在会上发言。） join 加入（组织、团体） join a club/party She joined the music club and made many new friends.（她加入了音乐俱乐部，交了很多新朋友。） take part in 参加（活动，强调参与性） 大型活动 take part in a competition Many students took part in the school sports meeting and won prizes.（许多学生参加了校运会并获奖。） join in 加入（小规模活动） 小型活动 join in a game/conversation Can I join in your discussion about the new movie?（我能加入你们对新电影的讨论吗？） 补充： 场景记忆：参军（join the army）、参加婚礼（attend a wedding）、参加派对（join a party）。 考点十五：能够：be able to/can 短语 含义 用法 例句 be able to 能够（通过努力实现，有时态变化） be able to do sth.（可用于各种时态） He was able to solve the complex math problem after thinking for a long time.（经过长时间思考，他解出了这道复杂的数学题。） can 能够（自身具备的能力，只有现在时和过去时） can do sth.（could 为过去式） She can play the piano and sing at the same time.（她能一边弹钢琴一边唱歌。） 补充： (1) 过去式差异：表示过去成功做成某事用 was/were able to（=managed to do），单纯过去能力用 could。 (2) 否定形式：can’t（不能）、be not able to（不能）。 考点十六：处理：deal with/do with 短语 含义 用法 例句 deal with 处理（与 how 连用） how + deal with How do you deal with the stress and pressure from study?（你如何处理学习中的压力？） do with 处理（与 what 连用） what + do with What did you do with the old clothes you no longer wear?（你怎么处理不再穿的旧衣服？） 补充： (1) 固定搭配：deal with a problem（处理问题）、do with a situation（应对局面）。 (2) 同义转换：How to deal with it? = What to do with it? 【2024 新疆】—I don't know how to ________ the old clothes. — You can give them away to the charity. A. hand in B. deal with C. take up D. clean up 答案：B。解析：“deal with” 表示 “处理”，符合语境，即不知道如何处理旧衣服。“hand in” 意为 “上交”；“take up” 意为 “占据；开始从事”；“clean up” 意为 “打扫干净”。 考点十七：死亡原因：die of/die from 短语 含义 用法 例句 die of 死于（内因：疾病、饥饿、情感等） die of cancer/hunger/sadness The old man died of heart disease and was remembered by many people.（老人死于心脏病，很多人怀念他。） die from 死于（外因：事故、环境等） die from a car accident/air pollution Unfortunately, he died from a serious injury in the earthquake.（不幸的是，他在地震中因重伤去世。） 补充： (1) 特殊情况：die from 也可接内因（如过度饮酒 die from drinking too much），但 die of 更侧重直接内因。 (2) 近义词：pass away（委婉说法）。 考点十八：穿戴：dress/wear/be in/put on 短语 含义 用法 例句 dress 穿衣（后接人） dress sb./get dressed Mother dressed the baby in warm clothes and took him out for a walk.（妈妈给宝宝穿上暖和的衣服，带他出去散步。） wear 穿着（强调状态） wear + 衣物 / 首饰 She wears a red coat and a pair of glasses every winter.（每年冬天她都穿红外套，戴眼镜。） be in 穿着（后接颜色或衣物） be in red/a dress The girl in blue is my classmate and she sings very well.（穿蓝色衣服的女孩是我同学，她唱歌很好听。） put on 穿上（强调动作） put on + 衣物 He put on his shoes and rushed out of the house to catch the bus.（他穿上鞋，冲出门赶公交车。） 补充： 状态与动作：wear 和 be in 表状态，put on 表动作，dress 可表动作或状态 考点十九：break 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 break down 机器故障；崩溃 The car broke down on the way to the airport.（车在去机场途中抛锚了。） break into 闯入；突然开始 Thieves broke into the store and stole valuable items.（小偷闯入商店偷贵重物品。） break out 爆发（战争、火灾） A big fire broke out in the forest last night.（昨晚森林里爆发大火。） break off 中断；折断 They broke off their conversation when the teacher came in.（老师进来时他们中断了谈话。） 考点二十：look 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 look after 照顾 Can you look after my pet dog while I’m away?（我不在时能帮我照顾狗狗吗？） look forward to 期待 I’m looking forward to seeing you at the party.（期待在派对见到你。） look up 查阅；抬头看 Look up the new word in the dictionary.（在字典里查这个新词。） look up to 尊敬；钦佩 She is widely looked up to for her contributions to science.（她因对科学的贡献而广受尊敬。） look through 浏览；仔细检查 He looked through the report and found some mistakes.（他浏览报告发现几处错误。） look at 看（某人 / 某物） She looked at me and smiled.（她看着我笑了。） look for 寻找（某人 / 某物） Many people are looking for happiness in material things.（许多人在物质中寻找幸福。） 【2024 贵州铜仁】—Fangfang, shall we go to see a film on Saturday? —Sorry. I'll have to_______my younger brother because my mother is out. A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after 答案：D。解析：“look after” 表示 “照顾”，因为妈妈外出，所以要照顾弟弟。“look at” 意为 “看”；“look for” 意为 “寻找”；“look up” 意为 “查阅；向上看”。 【2024 黑龙江哈尔滨】—Who do you admire most, Yang Ming? —Zhong Nanshan. Not only I but also my classmates ________ him. A. look forward to B. look up to C. are up to 答案：B。解析：“look up to” 表示 “尊敬；敬仰”，钟南山值得人们尊敬。“look forward to” 意为 “期待”；“be up to” 意为 “忙于；由…… 决定”。 考点二十一：turn 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 turn on/off 打开 / 关闭（电器） Please turn on the light; it’s too dark.（请开灯，太暗了。） turn up/down 调大 / 调小（音量）；出现 Can you turn down the TV? I’m studying.（能把电视音量调小吗？我在学习。） turn into 变成 The caterpillar turns into a butterfly.（毛毛虫变成蝴蝶。） 考点二十二：give相关短语 短语 含义 例句 give away 赠送；泄露；颁发 She gave away her old clothes to charity.（她把旧衣服捐给了慈善机构。） give back 归还；恢复 Remember to give back the book to the library.（记得把书还回图书馆。） give in to 屈服；投降；提交 Don’t give in to difficulties.（别向困难屈服。） give off 发出（光、热、气味等） The candle gives off a warm light.（蜡烛发出温暖的光。） give out 分发；用完；公布 The teacher gave out exam papers.（老师分发了试卷。） give up 放弃；戒除 He gave up smoking last year.（他去年戒烟了。） give rise to 引起；导致 Heavy rain gave rise to the flood.（暴雨引发了洪水。） give way to 让步；被…… 取代 Traditional shops are giving way to online stores.（传统商店正被网店取代。） 【2024 四川自贡】—We should form the good habit of saving food now? —I agree, so I always _______ the food I order. A. eat up B. give up C. turn up 答案：A。解析：“eat up” 表示 “吃光”，为了节约食物，所以总是吃光点的食物。“give up” 意为 “放弃”；“turn up” 意为 “出现；调高（音量等）”。 【2024 四川广元】The song Dream It Possible often reminds me that we should always try our best and never ______catching our dreams. A. give up B. take up C. put up 答案：A。解析：“give up” 表示 “放弃”，这里是说不要放弃追逐梦想。“take up” 意为 “占据；开始从事”；“put up” 意为 “张贴；搭建”。 考点二十三：take相关短语 短语 含义 例句 take after （外貌 / 性格）像 The boy takes after his father.（男孩像他父亲。） take away 拿走；带走；减去 Please take away the dirty dishes.（请把脏盘子拿走。） take down 取下；记下；拆除 He took down the map from the wall.（他把地图从墙上取下。） take off 脱下；起飞；突然成功 Take off your shoes before entering.（进屋前脱鞋。） take on 承担；呈现 She took on the challenge bravely.（她勇敢承担了挑战。） take out 取出；带出去；去除 Take out a pen and take notes.（拿出笔做笔记。） take up 占据；开始从事 Hobbies can take up your free time.（爱好会占据你的空闲时间。） take care of 照顾；处理 He takes care of his younger brother.（他照顾弟弟。） take pride in 以…… 为自豪 We take pride in our country.（我们以祖国为傲。） take part in 参加（活动） She takes part in the school sports meeting.（她参加校运会。） take place 发生；举行 The party will take place next week.（派对下周举行。） 【2024 山东滨州】—Tom, it smells so terrible here. —Sorry, mum. I will ________my socks and wash them right away. A. put off B. take off C. turn off D. cut off 答案：B。解析：“take off” 有 “脱下” 的意思，这里是说脱下袜子去洗。“put off” 意为 “推迟”；“turn off” 意为 “关闭”；“cut off” 意为 “切断”。 【2024 黑龙江牡丹江】—Why are you late for dinner, Jim? —At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I _______ walking here because of the heavy traffic. A. ended up B. took up C. gave up 答案：A。解析：“end up” 表示 “最终；结果”，这里是说因为交通拥堵最终选择步行来。“took up” 意为 “占据；开始从事”；“gave up” 意为 “放弃”。 考点二十四：go 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 go away 离开；消失 After saying goodbye, he went away slowly without looking back. 说完再见后，他头也不回地慢慢离开了。 go back 返回；追溯 We decided to go back to the small town where we spent our childhood. 我们决定回到那个我们度过童年的小镇。 go by 经过；流逝；遵循 As time went by, she gradually forgot the pain of the past. 随着时间的流逝，她逐渐忘记了过去的伤痛。 go down 下降；下沉；被接受 The price of vegetables went down significantly after the harvest season. 收获季节过后，蔬菜价格大幅下降了。 go for 选择；争取；适用于 Instead of coffee, I will go for a cup of hot tea with honey today. 今天我不喝咖啡，而是要一杯加蜂蜜的热茶。 go in for 从事；爱好；参加（考试 / 竞赛） Many students go in for science competitions to improve their problem-solving skills. 许多学生参加科学竞赛以提高自己的解题能力。 go off 爆炸；响起；变质；离开 The firework went off with a loud bang, and the whole sky was filled with light. 烟花随着一声巨响炸开，整个天空都被光芒照亮了。 go on 继续；发生；进行 Despite the rain, the outdoor concert went on as planned. 尽管下着雨，户外音乐会仍按计划进行。 go out 外出；熄灭；过时 They usually go out for a walk together after finishing their evening meal. 他们通常在吃完晚饭后一起出去散步。 go over 检查；复习；重温 The teacher asked us to go over the grammar rules before the final exam. 老师让我们在期末考试前复习语法规则。 go through 经历；检查；完成；通过 She had to go through a series of medical tests before getting the diagnosis. 她在确诊前不得不经历一系列的医学检查。 go up 上升；增长；建造 The number of tourists in this city has gone up by 30% compared to last year. 这座城市的游客数量相比去年增长了 30%。 go wrong 出错；出故障；误入歧途 Everything was going well until the computer system suddenly went wrong. 一切都很顺利，直到计算机系统突然出了故障。 【2024 黑龙江大庆】It's a good habit to ________ the lights before leaving the classroom. A. go on B. go off C. turn on D. turn off 答案：D。解析：离开教室前关掉灯是个好习惯，“turn off” 表示 “关闭”。“go on” 意为 “继续”；“go off” 意为 “发出响声；（食物等）变质”；“turn on” 意为 “打开”。 考点二十五：put 相关短语 短语 含义 例句（英文） put aside 储存；搁置；撇开 He puts aside a little money every month for his daughter’s college education. 他每个月都存一点钱，用于女儿的大学教育。 put away 收起；放好；储存；打消 Please put away all the books and notebooks before starting the experiment. 开始实验前，请把所有的书和笔记本收起来。 put down 写下；放下；镇压；贬低 She quickly put down the key points she heard during the important meeting. 她迅速记下了在重要会议中听到的要点。 put forward 提出；推荐；将… 提前 The committee put forward a proposal to improve the working conditions of employees. 委员会提出了一项改善员工工作条件的提案。 put off 推迟；拖延；使反感 They had to put off the wedding ceremony because of the unexpected pandemic. 由于突发的疫情，他们不得不推迟婚礼仪式。 put on 穿上；戴上；上演；增加（体重） She put on a warm coat and a pair of gloves before going out into the snowy weather. 她在出门进入雪天之前，穿上了一件暖和的外套和一副手套。 put out 熄灭；伸出；生产；发布 The firefighters worked hard to put out the big fire in the commercial building. 消防队员努力扑灭了商业大楼里的大火。 put up 举起；张贴；搭建；提供住宿 They put up colorful posters all around the school to promote the upcoming art festival. 他们在学校周围张贴了五颜六色的海报，宣传即将到来的艺术节。 put up with 忍受；容忍 I can’t put up with the noisy environment in the city center anymore. 我再也无法忍受市中心嘈杂的环境了。 put together 组装；组合；整理 It took him almost two hours to put together the complicated model airplane. 他花了将近两个小时才组装好这架复杂的模型飞机。 put through 接通（电话）；完成；使经历 Could you please put me through to the customer service department immediately? 你能立即帮我接通客户服务部门吗？ 【2024 河北】The girl decided to ________ the shoes because they were too expensive. A. try on B. put down C. take off D. throw away 答案：B。解析：“put down” 有 “放下；拒绝” 的意思，这里是说女孩因为鞋子太贵而决定不买，即拒绝，故选 B。“try on” 意为 “试穿”；“take off” 意为 “脱下；起飞”；“throw away” 意为 “扔掉”。 【2024 河北】We are supposed to ________ our hand before we speak in class. A. put up B. clean up C. take off D. throw away 答案：A。解析：“put up” 有 “举起” 的意思，上课发言前要举手，故选 A。“clean up” 意为 “打扫干净”；“take off” 意为 “脱下；起飞”；“throw away” 意为 “扔掉”。 【2024 四川凉山】A lot of schools across China ________ starting classes because of COVID - 19. A. put up B. put off C. put on D. put away 答案：B。解析：因为新冠疫情，学校推迟开学，“put off” 表示 “推迟”。“put up” 意为 “张贴；搭建”；“put on” 意为 “穿上；上演”；“put away” 意为 “放好；储存”。 考点二十六：cut相关短语 短语 含义 例句 cut across 穿过（某地）；超越（界限） We cut across the field to get to the road faster. （我们穿过田野，以便更快到达公路。） cut back 减少；削减；缩减 The company decided to cut back on production costs.（公司决定削减生产成本。） cut down 砍倒；减少；缩减（数量或尺寸） They cut down the old tree in the garden. （他们砍倒了花园里的那棵老树。） cut in (on) 插嘴；打断（谈话）；超车抢道 Don’t cut in when others are speaking. （别人说话时不要插嘴。） cut off 切断（供应、联系等）；中断；隔绝 The storm cut off the electricity in the entire town.（暴风雨切断了整个城镇的电力供应。） cut out 剪下；裁剪；停止（做某事） She cut out a picture from the magazine. （她从杂志上剪下一张图片。） cut through 穿透；开辟（道路）；克服（困难） The knife cut through the meat easily. （这把刀很容易就切开了肉。） cut up 切碎；使痛苦；抨击 Could you cut up the vegetables for the salad? （你能把蔬菜切碎做沙拉吗？） 考点二十七：get相关短语 短语 含义 例句 get across 使理解；解释清楚 The teacher tried various methods to get the complex theory across to students with different learning abilities.（老师尝试了各种方法，让不同学习能力的学生理解这个复杂的理论。） get along (with) 与…… 和睦相处；进展 Although they have different personalities, they manage to get along well because of their mutual respect.（尽管他们性格不同，但由于相互尊重，他们相处得很好。） get away 离开；逃脱；度假 The thief tried to get away, but was caught by the police just around the corner.（小偷试图逃跑，但就在拐角处被警察抓住了。） get back 返回；恢复；取回 By the time she got back home, her parents had already prepared a surprise birthday party.（当她回到家时，父母已经准备好了一个惊喜生日派对。） get down 写下；使沮丧；吞下 The bad news really got me down. （这个坏消息真的让我很沮丧。） get in 进入；到达；收获（庄稼） Students are required to get in touch with their teachers if they have any questions about the assignment.（如果学生对作业有任何疑问，需要与老师取得联系。） get into 进入；陷入；养成（习惯） Getting into a good university has become a goal that many high school students strive for.（进入一所好大学已成为许多高中生努力追求的目标。） get off 下车；脱下；下班；免受惩罚 The bus was so crowded that I could hardly get off at my stop.（公交车太挤了，我几乎无法在自己的站点下车。） get on 上车；进展；相处 With the help of modern technology, we can get on well with our studies despite the challenges.（在现代技术的帮助下，尽管有困难，我们仍能顺利进行学习。） get out 出去；泄露；出版 The secret got out eventually. （秘密最终泄露了。） get over 克服；恢复；熬过 It took her a long time to get over the disappointment caused by the failure in the math competition.（她花了很长时间才从数学竞赛失败带来的失望中走出来。） get rid of 摆脱；除去 To create a healthier living environment, we should get rid of habits that are harmful to our health. （为了创造更健康的生活环境，我们应该改掉对健康有害的习惯。） get through 通过（考试）；接通（电话）；完成（工作） Only by working hard can we get through the difficulties and achieve our academic goals.（只有努力学习，我们才能克服困难，实现学业目标。） get together 聚会；聚集；达成一致 Let’s get together for dinner this weekend.（咱们这周末聚聚吃个饭吧。） get up 起床；站起来；变得猛烈 I usually get up at 7 o’clock.（我通常 7 点起床。） get used to 习惯于 She is getting used to living alone.（她正在习惯独居生活。） get away with 逃避惩罚；侥幸做成 He lied but got away with it.（他撒了谎却没被惩罚。） get down to 开始认真处理；着手做 After a short break, we should get down to analyzing the data collected from the experiment.（短暂休息后，我们应该开始认真分析实验收集的数据。） 考点二十八：make相关短语 短语 含义 例句 make up 组成；编造；化妆；和解 The story he made up to explain his delay involved complex plot twists.（他为解释迟到编造的故事包含复杂的情节转折。） make sure 确保；查明 Make sure that you have reviewed all the key points before the exam tomorrow.（确保你在明天考试前复习了所有重点。） make sense 有意义；讲得通；合理 The theory presented in the textbook makes perfect sense when combined with practical examples.（教材中提出的理论结合实例时完全讲得通。） make progress 取得进步 Despite the challenges, she has made remarkable progress in mastering advanced mathematical models.（尽管困难重重，她在掌握高级数学模型方面取得了显著进步。） make a decision 做决定 It is crucial for students to make a well-informed decision about their future careers. （对学生来说，就未来职业做出明智的决定至关重要。） make a mistake 犯错误 Everyone makes mistakes sometimes. （每个人都会偶尔犯错误。） make a difference 有影响；起作用 Small actions can make a significant difference in creating a sustainable environment.（微小行动在创造可持续环境中能产生重大影响。） make use of 利用 In the digital age, we should make full use of online resources to expand our knowledge.（在数字时代，我们应充分利用网络资源拓展知识。） make out 理解；辨认出；填写（表格） I could hardly make out the handwriting on the ancient document, which required careful analysis.（我几乎辨认不出这份古代文献上的字迹，这需要仔细分析。） make for 走向；有助于；促成 Regular exercise makes for not only physical health but also mental clarity, which is essential for exam preparation.（定期锻炼不仅有助于身体健康，还能使人思维清晰，这对备考至关重要。） make it 成功；按时到达；约定时间 With consistent effort, he finally made it to the national physics competition after months of preparation.（经过数月努力，他最终成功晋级全国物理竞赛。） make a living 谋生 Many artists make a living by selling their creations online, demonstrating the impact of e-commerce.（许多艺术家通过在线销售作品谋生，这体现了电子商务的影响力。） make way for 为…… 让路；给…… 腾出地方 The old bridge was demolished to make way for a modern highway, reflecting the city’s development strategy.（旧桥被拆除，为现代高速公路让路，这反映了城市的发展战略。） 考点二十九：bring相关短语 短语 含义 例句 bring about 导致；引起；带来（变化、结果） The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives. （科技的飞速发展给我们的日常生活带来了巨大变化。） bring up 提出（话题 / 问题）；抚养；呕吐 The documentary brought up a thought-provoking question: How can we balance economic growth and environmental protection? （这部纪录片提出了一个发人深省的问题：我们如何平衡经济增长和环境保护？） bring in 引入；带来（收入 / 投资）；收获（庄稼） The new policy is expected to bring in more foreign investment, which will boost the local economy. （预计新政策将吸引更多外资，这将促进当地经济发展。） bring out 展现；使显现；出版；生产 The artist’s latest exhibition brings out the beauty and complexity of traditional Chinese culture. （这位艺术家的最新展览展现了中国传统文化的美丽与复杂性。） bring back 带回；使回忆起；恢复 Listening to old songs always brings back memories of my childhood. （听老歌总是让我回忆起童年时光。） bring down 降低；减少；使倒下；击落 The government has taken measures to bring down the high housing prices, making homeownership more accessible. （政府已采取措施降低高房价，使购房更容易。） bring forward 提出（建议 / 理论）；提前（时间）；展示 The scientist brought forward a new theory that challenges the traditional view on climate change. （这位科学家提出了一种新理论，挑战了关于气候变化的传统观点。） bring to light 揭露；使真相大白；发现 The investigation brought to light some serious issues in the company’s management system. （调查揭示了公司管理系统中的一些严重问题。） bring into effect 实施；使生效；执行 The new regulation will be brought into effect next month, aiming to protect consumers’ rights. （新规定将于下月生效，旨在保护消费者权益。） 考点三十：keep相关短语 短语 含义 例句 keep on 继续（做某事）；反复做 Despite facing numerous challenges, she kept on practicing the piano for hours every day. （尽管面临诸多挑战，她仍坚持每天练习钢琴数小时。） keep up 保持；跟上；不落后 To keep up with the rapid pace of modern society, we must continuously learn new skills. （为了跟上现代社会的快速节奏，我们必须不断学习新技能。） keep off 远离；避开；不接近 Please keep off the grass to protect the environment. （请远离草坪以保护环境。） keep away (from) 使远离；不靠近 Parents should teach children to keep away from dangerous places. （父母应该教导孩子远离危险的地方。） keep out 阻止进入；不让入内 The high fence keeps out strangers and ensures the safety of the community.（高高的围栏阻止陌生人进入，确保社区安全。） keep back 隐瞒；保留；阻止；忍住 She couldn’t keep back her tears when she heard the sad news. （当她听到这个悲伤的消息时，忍不住流下了眼泪。） keep down 控制；降低；压制；蹲下 We should keep down our expenses to avoid financial difficulties. （我们应该控制开支以避免财务困难。） keep in touch (with) 与…… 保持联系 Thanks to modern technology, we can easily keep in touch with friends who live far away. （多亏了现代技术，我们可以轻松地与远方的朋友保持联系。） keep an eye on 留意；照看；密切关注 Can you keep an eye on my luggage while I go to the restroom? （我去洗手间时，你能帮我照看一下行李吗？） keep up with 跟上；与…… 同步；和…… 保持联系 Students should keep up with the latest trends in education to adapt to future challenges. （学生应该跟上教育的最新趋势，以适应未来的挑战。） 考点三十一：come相关短语 短语 含义 例句 come across 偶然遇见；无意中发现 While cleaning the attic, I came across an old photo of my grandparents. （整理阁楼时，我偶然发现一张祖父母的旧照片。） come about 发生；产生 Do you know how the environmental problems in big cities came about? （你知道大城市的环境问题是如何产生的吗？） come along 一起去；进展；出现 If you come along with us, you’ll have a chance to experience rural life. （如果你和我们一起去，将有机会体验乡村生活。） come back 回来；恢复；回忆起 The smell of coffee always makes me come back to the days when I studied abroad. （咖啡的香味总让我回忆起留学的日子。） come down 下降；流传；病倒 The price of electronic products has come down significantly in recent years. （近年来，电子产品价格显著下降。） come from 来自；起源于 The tradition of dragon boat races comes from the story of Qu Yuan. （赛龙舟的传统起源于屈原的故事。） come out 出版；开花；显露；公开 The new novel by the famous writer will come out next month. （这位著名作家的新小说将于下月出版。） come up 走近；被提出；发生；发芽 A new problem came up when we were discussing the project plan. （讨论项目计划时，一个新问题被提了出来。） come up with 想出；提出（计划、想法等） The team came up with an innovative solution to reduce carbon emissions. （团队想出了一个减少碳排放的创新方案。） 考点三十二：pull相关短语 短语 含义 例句 pull apart 拆开；使分裂；批评 The teacher asked us to pull apart the machine and analyze its structure. （老师让我们拆开机器并分析其结构。） pull away （车辆）驶离；离开 The bus pulled away before I could catch up with it. （我还没追上，公交车就开走了。） pull down 拆毁；拉倒；使下跌 Old buildings are being pulled down to make way for new commercial centers. （旧建筑正被拆除，为新商业中心让路。） pull in （车）进站；吸引 The train pulled in right on time, and the passengers rushed out. （火车准时进站，乘客们蜂拥而出。） pull off 成功完成；脱下（衣物等） It was challenging, but we managed to pull off the school drama performance. （尽管有挑战，我们还是成功完成了校园话剧演出。） pull on 穿上；继续拉 She pulled on her coat and hurried to the airport to catch the flight. （她穿上外套，匆忙赶去机场搭飞机。） pull out 退出；（车）驶出；拔出 The company decided to pull out of the international market due to financial pressure. （因资金压力，公司决定退出国际市场。） pull through （使）渡过难关；康复 With the doctor’s help, the patient finally pulled through the serious illness. （在医生的帮助下，患者最终战胜了重病。） pull up （使）停下；拔起 The driver pulled up sharply to avoid hitting the cyclist. （司机紧急刹车以免撞到骑自行车的人。） 考点三十三：run相关短语 短语 含义 高考水平例句 run across 偶然遇见；跑着穿过 I ran across an old friend while shopping in the downtown area. （在市区购物时，我偶然遇见了一位老朋友。） run away 逃跑；失控 The little boy ran away in fear when he saw the stray dog. （小男孩看到流浪狗时害怕地跑开了。） run down 撞倒；减少；疲惫不堪 The cyclist was run down by a car at the intersection. （骑自行车的人在十字路口被汽车撞倒了。） run into 撞上；偶遇；陷入（困境） The car ran into a tree because the driver fell asleep. （由于司机睡着了，汽车撞上了一棵树。） run off 逃离；印出；流失 The thief ran off with the bag as soon as he grabbed it. （小偷一抢到包就带着它逃走了。） run out (of) 用完；耗尽 We are running out of time, so we need to speed up the project. （我们快没时间了，因此需要加快项目进度。） run over 碾过；浏览；复习 The teacher ran over the key points before the final exam. （老师在期末考试前复习了重点内容。） run through 贯穿；快速阅读；排练 A feeling of excitement ran through the crowd when the singer appeared. （歌手出场时，人群中洋溢着兴奋的情绪。） run up 迅速增加；积欠（债务） The costs of the project ran up unexpectedly due to material shortages. （由于材料短缺，项目成本意外攀升。） 小试牛刀 1．—Tom should arrive at eight, but he hasn’t________ yet. —Let’s wait a few more minutes. Maybe he is stuck in a traffic jam. A．turned off B．turned up C．turned on D．turned down 2．—What happened to my red dress?I only washed it once and it looks pale now! —Oh! The color must have ________ during the wash. A．made up B．come out C．taken in D．put on 3．Art is like life. It almost never ________ the way we plan. Sometimes going in a different direction is the very thing that makes it amazing. A．turns out B．works out C．puts out D．tries out 4．The trip to London will _______each person 10000 yuan. A．pay B．cost C．take D．spend 5．To fight against global warming, many countries are trying to ________ new energy sources and ________ the use of fossil fuels（化石燃料）which is harmful. A．take up; cut down B．take on; cut out C．take in; cut off D．take over; cut back 6．The little boy tried to __________ his kite when it flew away. A．run after B．run over C．run into D．run out 7．—The school drama club is short of members. They hope you can ________ the offer and join them. It’s a great chance to show your talent. — Thank you. I will think about it. A．set out B．bring out C．hold up D．take up 8．No matter what you want to ________ your life, you will need education. A．deal with B．do with C．help with D．take with 9．When tomorrow ________ today, yesterday, none of us can forget the middle school life because the wonderful memory in the heart can grow freely like a seed. A．turns down B．turns into C．turns on 10．—Your room looks like a storm hit it! The T-shirt is hanging from the ceiling fan! —I know. I need to ________ my clothes before my roommate sees this disaster! A．put up B．put away C．put in D．put out 11．—How much did you ________ what the teacher said in yesterday’s English class? —I understand everything. Because I finished all my homework as soon as school was over yesterday. A．take in B．take out C．take up D．take off 12．—Wuhan has ________ an extremely difficult time in the last few months. —It’s so hard for everyone in that city. A．gone back B．gone through C．gone out D．gone away 13．—Did your cousin invite you to join the trip? —Yes. But I didn't ________ it. A．receive B．get C．accept D．reach 14．The man went back and ________ down to have a rest after ________ to his boss about being ill. A．lied, lying B．lay, laying C．lay, lying D．laid, laying 15．We ________ Shanghai on May 1st and left there on 4th of May. A．arrived B．reached C．got D．lived 16．— What’s the _________ of the trip to the World Park, Daniel?        — Taking a trip there ________ 100 yuan per person. A．cost, takes B．cost, costs C．price, spends D．price, pays 17．The trip from our school to South Hill ________ about an hour. It made us feel so ________. A．spent; boring B．took; boring C．spent; bored D．took; bored 18．The newly-opened factory ________ jobs to the villagers. They're really happy. A．lends B．pays C．offers D．shows 19．We are going to ________ “the environment club” to protect out environment. A．join B．take part in C．take part      D．join in 20．After Mr. Clark ________ the speaking practice “My Favorite Scientist”, the students started a lively discussion. A．gave up B．brought up C．looked up D．ended up 21．—Having a proper diet is of great importance to health. —Totally agree. We should ________ green vegetables and fresh fruit. A．put away B．look over C．keep off D．take in 22．—The film Ne Zha 2 became a big hit in China after it _______ on January 29, 2025. —That’s right. I have watched it twice and love the story so much. A．took up B．came out C．turned down D．put off 23．—It is so nice of you to set a scholarship in your old high school. —The high school learning changes my life and I want to ________ to it. A．give away B．stay away C．give back D．stay up 24．The amazing victory of Sun Yongsha leads us to ________ her early days. Those were years of challenges. A．look at B．look for C．look up D．look back 25．—I want to join the school science club, but I’m worried about my study. —You needn’t ____________ fun activities. Just plan your time well. A．put off B．take up C．look for D．cut out 26．The young inventor ______ the science field with creative robot design, attracting wide attention. A．fell into B．broke into C．ran into D．turned into 27．—I bought a second-hand bike online, and it will arrive tomorrow. —When it arrives, you need to _______ every part carefully in case of hidden problems. A．cut off B．put away C．set up D．check out 28．—How many races will you ________ during your school meet? —Three. I’m training for them every day. A．take part in B．look down on C．pay attention to D．keep away from 29．—I’d like to join your chess club. —That’s great! We ________ new members who share the same interest. A．turn in B．call in C．give in D．take in 30．He was clearly nervous and avoided eye contact, making me suspect that he was _______ me about the missing money. A．lying to B．lying C．lying for D．lying at 31．—My host family invited me to their traditional tea party, but I’m not sure about the customs. —It’s okay. You can ________ the invitation politely if you feel unprepared. A．turn down B．take up C．put away D．back out 32．—Lucy bought lots of drawing tools. But I remember she didn’t like to draw. —She saw an art show last month and decided to _______ a new hobby. A．take up B．put off C．give up D．keep off 33．—Do you know that American government raised the tariff (关税) to China to 245%? —It’s not fair. But I believe the US will _________ doing this because of the power (力量) of our great country. A．pick up B．give up C．fix up 34．Annie ________ some desserts on the table quickly and ________ down to have a rest on the sofa. A．laid; lay B．lay; laid C．lied; lay D．laid; lied 35．You’d better take a walk outside. You ________ in bed for the whole day. A．laid B．lie C．have laid D．have lain 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 常考动词及动词短语辨析专题 目录 考点集锦 2 考点一：借进与借出：borrow/lend/keep 2 考点二：说的不同方式：say/speak/talk/tell 3 考点三：提供：provide/offer 3 考点四：遗忘：leave/forget 4 考点五：看：look/see/watch/read 4 考点六：躺 / 说谎 / 放置：lie/lay 5 考点七：接受与收到：accept/receive 6 考点八：建议：advise/suggest 6 考点九：携带：bring/take/carry/fetch 7 考点十：花费：cost/spend/pay/take 7 考点十一：发现与发明：discover/invent 8 考点十二：希望：hope/wish 9 考点十三：到达：arrive/reach/get to 9 考点十四：参加：attend/join/take part in/join in 10 考点十五：能够：be able to/can 11 考点十六：处理：deal with/do with 11 考点十七：死亡原因：die of/die from 12 考点十八：穿戴：dress/wear/be in/put on 13 考点十九：break 相关短语 13 考点二十：look 相关短语 14 考点二十一：turn 相关短语 15 考点二十二：give相关短语 15 考点二十三：take相关短语 16 考点二十四：go 相关短语 18 考点二十五：put 相关短语 20 考点二十六：cut相关短语 22 考点二十七：get相关短语 23 考点二十八：make相关短语 25 考点二十九：bring相关短语 27 考点三十：keep相关短语 28 考点三十一：come相关短语 30 考点三十二：pull相关短语 31 考点三十三：run相关短语 32 小试牛刀 33 考点集锦 考点一：借进与借出：borrow/lend/keep 动词 含义 用法 例句 borrow 借入（短暂性） borrow sth. from sb. Can I borrow a dictionary from the library this afternoon?（今天下午我能从图书馆借本字典吗？） lend 借出（短暂性） lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. Please lend me your pen; mine is out of ink.（请把你的笔借给我，我的没墨水了。） keep 保留（延续性） keep sth. for + 时间段 You can keep the book for two weeks, but don’t forget to return it.（这本书你可以借两周，但别忘了还。） 补充： (1) 延续性与短暂性：borrow 和 lend 为短暂性动词，不能与 “for + 时间段” 连用；keep 为延续性动词，可表 “借用多久”。 (2) 同义转换：How long can I keep the bike? = How long can I borrow the bike?（但前者更符合语法规范）。 考点二：说的不同方式：say/speak/talk/tell 动词 含义 用法 例句 say 说（内容） say sth. (to sb.) say hello/goodbye/sorry She said goodbye to us and left the room quietly.（她向我们道别后安静地离开了房间。） speak 说（动作 / 语言） speak + 语言 /speak to sb. speak highly of（高度评价） Can you speak French fluently enough to communicate with them?（你法语能说得足够流利去和他们交流吗？） talk 交谈 talk to/with sb. about sth. talk back（顶嘴） They are talking about the plan for the summer vacation in the classroom.（他们正在教室里谈论暑假计划。） tell 告诉 / 讲述 tell sb. sth./tell stories tell the difference（区分） My mother often tells me interesting stories before bedtime.（妈妈经常在睡前给我讲有趣的故事。） 补充： (1) 固定搭配：tell the truth（说实话）、tell a lie（撒谎）。 (2) 场景区分：演讲（speak in public）、打电话（speak on the phone）用 speak。 考点三：提供：provide/offer 动词 含义 用法 例句 provide 提供（无主动性） provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. The school provides students with free textbooks every term.（学校每学期为学生提供免费教材。） offer 主动提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. He offered to help me carry the heavy box up the stairs.（他主动帮我把重箱子搬上楼。） 补充： (1) 名词形式：provide 的名词为 provision（供应品），offer 的名词为 offer（提议 / 报价）。 (2) 语气差异：offer 更强调主动意愿，provide 侧重客观供给。 考点四：遗忘：leave/forget 动词 含义 用法 例句 leave 把某物遗忘在某处 leave sth. + 地点 I left my keys in the car when I went shopping yesterday.（昨天购物时我把钥匙落在车里了。） forget 忘记某事 / 物 forget sth./forget to do sth. Don’t forget to bring your homework to school tomorrow.（明天别忘了带作业来学校。） 补充： (1) 不可混淆：leave 后必须接地点，forget 后不接地点。 (2) 反义词：remember to do sth.（记得做某事）。 考点五：看：look/see/watch/read 动词 含义 用法 例句 look 看（动作） look at sth./look + adj.（看起来） Look at the blackboard carefully and follow the teacher’s instructions.（仔细看黑板，按老师的指示做。） see 看见（结果） see sb. do/doing sth. I saw him enter the library but didn’t see him come out.（我看见他进了图书馆，但没看见他出来。） watch 观看（动态过程） watch TV/match They watched the football game with great excitement last night.（昨晚他们激动地观看了足球比赛。） read 阅读（文字） read books/newspapers She enjoys reading novels by Chinese writers in her spare time.（她业余时间喜欢读中国作家的小说。） 补充： (1) 感官短语：look like（看起来像）、see a doctor（看医生）、watch out（当心）。 (2) 进行时态：look 和 watch 可用于进行时（He is looking for his pen），see 一般不用于进行时。 考点六：躺 / 说谎 / 放置：lie/lay 动词 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 含义 例句 说谎 lie lied lied lying 说谎 The boy lied to his mother about finishing his homework.（男孩骗妈妈说作业做完了。） 躺下 / 位于 lie lay lain lying 躺下 / 位于 The cat is lying on the sofa and enjoying the warm sunshine.（猫正躺在沙发上享受温暖的阳光。） 放置 / 下蛋 lay laid laid laying 放置 / 下蛋 The hen laid three eggs in the nest this morning.（母鸡今天早上在窝里下了三个蛋。） 记忆技巧： (1) 说谎（lie）：规则变化（lied-lied），可联想 “说谎要受惩罚（d 结尾）”。 (2) 躺（lie）和放（lay）：躺（lie）的过去式 lay 与放（lay）的原形相同，注意语境区分。 考点七：接受与收到：accept/receive 动词 含义 用法 例句 accept 接受（主观意愿） accept sth./accept an invitation She accepted the job offer after careful consideration.（经过仔细考虑，她接受了那份工作邀请。） receive 收到（客观动作） receive sth. from sb. I received a birthday gift from my pen pal in Australia.（我收到了澳大利亚笔友的生日礼物。） 补充： (1) 反义词：accept 的反义词为 refuse（拒绝），receive 的反义词为 send（发送）。 (2) 场景应用：收到邮件（receive an email）、接受建议（accept advice）。 考点八：建议：advise/suggest 动词 含义 用法 例句 advise 建议（后接不定式） advise sb. to do sth. The doctor advised him to exercise regularly and eat a balanced diet.（医生建议他定期锻炼，均衡饮食。） suggest 建议（后接动名词） suggest doing sth./suggest that + 从句（虚拟语气） I suggest going to the park for a picnic if the weather is fine.（如果天气好，我建议去公园野餐。） 补充： (1) 名词形式：advice 为不可数名词（a piece of advice），suggestion 为可数名词（make suggestions）。 (2) 虚拟语气：suggest that sb. (should) do sth.（should 可省略）。 考点九：携带：bring/take/carry/fetch 动词 含义 用法 例句 bring 带来（向说话者方向） bring sth. to sb. Please bring your notebook to the meeting and take some notes.（请带笔记本参加会议并做些记录。） take 带走（远离说话者方向） take sth. with sb. Don’t forget to take an umbrella with you; it might rain later.（别忘了带伞，一会儿可能下雨。） carry 携带（无方向，强调负重） carry sth. The man carried a heavy bag of rice on his shoulder into the house.（那人肩上扛着一袋重米进了屋。） fetch 去取（往返动作） fetch sth. Can you fetch me a glass of water from the kitchen?（你能去厨房给我拿杯水吗？） 补充： (1) 方向口诀：“带来” 用 bring，“带走” 用 take，“扛着” 用 carry，“去取” 用 fetch。 (2) 固定搭配：carry on（继续）、fetch and carry（打杂）。 考点十：花费：cost/spend/pay/take 动词 主语 用法 例句 cost 物 sth. cost sb. + 金钱 The new smartphone cost me over 5000 yuan, but it’s worth it.（这部新智能手机花了我 5000 多元，但很值。） spend 人 sb. spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth./on sth. She spent the whole afternoon cleaning her room and organizing her books.（她花了整个下午打扫房间、整理书籍。） pay 人 sb. pay + 金钱 + for sth. I paid 200 yuan for the concert ticket and looked forward to the show.（我花 200 元买了演唱会门票，很期待演出。） take 形式主语 it It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. It takes about 20 minutes to walk from my home to the nearest supermarket.（从我家步行到最近的超市大约需要 20 分钟。） 记忆技巧： (1) 物花 cost：物作主语，花钱用 cost。 (2) 人花 spend/pay：spend 花时间或钱，pay 只花钱。 (3) It 花 take：用 it 作主语，花时间用 take。 同一情境对比：花 100 元买书包： (1) The schoolbag cost me 100 yuan.（物作主语） (2) I spent 100 yuan on the schoolbag.（人 + on） (3) I paid 100 yuan for the schoolbag.（人 + for） (4) It took me 100 yuan to buy the schoolbag.（It 作主语） 时间花费对比：花 2 小时做作业： (1) I spent 2 hours doing my homework. (2) It took me 2 hours to do my homework. 考点十一：发现与发明：discover/invent 动词 含义 用法 例句 discover 发现（已存在的事物） discover + 事物 Columbus discovered America in 1492, but he didn’t reach Asia.（哥伦布 1492 年发现了美洲，但未到达亚洲。） invent 发明（新事物） invent + 物品 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in the late 19th century.（亚历山大・格雷厄姆・贝尔在 19 世纪末发明了电话。） 补充： (1) 名词形式：discovery（发现）、invention（发明）。 (2) 场景区分：发现新大陆（discover）、发明电灯（invent）。 考点十二：希望：hope/wish 动词 含义 用法 例句 hope 希望（可实现） hope to do sth./hope + that 从句 I hope to travel around the world and experience different cultures one day.（我希望有一天能环游世界，体验不同文化。） wish 希望（可表祝愿或难以实现） wish sb. to do sth./wish + that 从句（虚拟语气） I wish you to have a successful career and a happy family.（祝你事业有成，家庭幸福。） 补充： (1) 虚拟语气：wish 后接从句时，若表不可能实现的愿望，用过去式（I wish I were taller）。 (2) 固定搭配：wish sb. good luck（祝某人好运）、hope for the best（抱最好的希望）。 考点十三：到达：arrive/reach/get to 短语 用法 例句 arrive in + 大地点 arrive at + 小地点 到达（不及物动词） We arrived in Beijing by train and went straight to the hotel.（我们乘火车到达北京，直接去了酒店。） reach + 地点 到达（及物动词） They reached the top of the mountain after hours of climbing.（经过数小时攀爬，他们到达了山顶。） get to + 地点 到达（口语化） What time do you usually get to school in the morning?（你早上通常几点到校？） 补充： (1) 地点副词：home, here, there 前省略介词（arrive home/get here）。 (2) 同义转换：arrive at the station = reach the station = get to the station。 考点十四：参加：attend/join/take part in/join in 短语 含义 用法 例句 attend 参加（会议、婚礼、课程等） 正式场合 attend a meeting/class He attended the important conference and made a speech there.（他参加了重要会议并在会上发言。） join 加入（组织、团体） join a club/party She joined the music club and made many new friends.（她加入了音乐俱乐部，交了很多新朋友。） take part in 参加（活动，强调参与性） 大型活动 take part in a competition Many students took part in the school sports meeting and won prizes.（许多学生参加了校运会并获奖。） join in 加入（小规模活动） 小型活动 join in a game/conversation Can I join in your discussion about the new movie?（我能加入你们对新电影的讨论吗？） 补充： 场景记忆：参军（join the army）、参加婚礼（attend a wedding）、参加派对（join a party）。 考点十五：能够：be able to/can 短语 含义 用法 例句 be able to 能够（通过努力实现，有时态变化） be able to do sth.（可用于各种时态） He was able to solve the complex math problem after thinking for a long time.（经过长时间思考，他解出了这道复杂的数学题。） can 能够（自身具备的能力，只有现在时和过去时） can do sth.（could 为过去式） She can play the piano and sing at the same time.（她能一边弹钢琴一边唱歌。） 补充： (1) 过去式差异：表示过去成功做成某事用 was/were able to（=managed to do），单纯过去能力用 could。 (2) 否定形式：can’t（不能）、be not able to（不能）。 考点十六：处理：deal with/do with 短语 含义 用法 例句 deal with 处理（与 how 连用） how + deal with How do you deal with the stress and pressure from study?（你如何处理学习中的压力？） do with 处理（与 what 连用） what + do with What did you do with the old clothes you no longer wear?（你怎么处理不再穿的旧衣服？） 补充： (1) 固定搭配：deal with a problem（处理问题）、do with a situation（应对局面）。 (2) 同义转换：How to deal with it? = What to do with it? 【2024 新疆】—I don't know how to ________ the old clothes. — You can give them away to the charity. A. hand in B. deal with C. take up D. clean up 答案：B。解析：“deal with” 表示 “处理”，符合语境，即不知道如何处理旧衣服。“hand in” 意为 “上交”；“take up” 意为 “占据；开始从事”；“clean up” 意为 “打扫干净”。 考点十七：死亡原因：die of/die from 短语 含义 用法 例句 die of 死于（内因：疾病、饥饿、情感等） die of cancer/hunger/sadness The old man died of heart disease and was remembered by many people.（老人死于心脏病，很多人怀念他。） die from 死于（外因：事故、环境等） die from a car accident/air pollution Unfortunately, he died from a serious injury in the earthquake.（不幸的是，他在地震中因重伤去世。） 补充： (1) 特殊情况：die from 也可接内因（如过度饮酒 die from drinking too much），但 die of 更侧重直接内因。 (2) 近义词：pass away（委婉说法）。 考点十八：穿戴：dress/wear/be in/put on 短语 含义 用法 例句 dress 穿衣（后接人） dress sb./get dressed Mother dressed the baby in warm clothes and took him out for a walk.（妈妈给宝宝穿上暖和的衣服，带他出去散步。） wear 穿着（强调状态） wear + 衣物 / 首饰 She wears a red coat and a pair of glasses every winter.（每年冬天她都穿红外套，戴眼镜。） be in 穿着（后接颜色或衣物） be in red/a dress The girl in blue is my classmate and she sings very well.（穿蓝色衣服的女孩是我同学，她唱歌很好听。） put on 穿上（强调动作） put on + 衣物 He put on his shoes and rushed out of the house to catch the bus.（他穿上鞋，冲出门赶公交车。） 补充： 状态与动作：wear 和 be in 表状态，put on 表动作，dress 可表动作或状态 考点十九：break 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 break down 机器故障；崩溃 The car broke down on the way to the airport.（车在去机场途中抛锚了。） break into 闯入；突然开始 Thieves broke into the store and stole valuable items.（小偷闯入商店偷贵重物品。） break out 爆发（战争、火灾） A big fire broke out in the forest last night.（昨晚森林里爆发大火。） break off 中断；折断 They broke off their conversation when the teacher came in.（老师进来时他们中断了谈话。） 考点二十：look 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 look after 照顾 Can you look after my pet dog while I’m away?（我不在时能帮我照顾狗狗吗？） look forward to 期待 I’m looking forward to seeing you at the party.（期待在派对见到你。） look up 查阅；抬头看 Look up the new word in the dictionary.（在字典里查这个新词。） look up to 尊敬；钦佩 She is widely looked up to for her contributions to science.（她因对科学的贡献而广受尊敬。） look through 浏览；仔细检查 He looked through the report and found some mistakes.（他浏览报告发现几处错误。） look at 看（某人 / 某物） She looked at me and smiled.（她看着我笑了。） look for 寻找（某人 / 某物） Many people are looking for happiness in material things.（许多人在物质中寻找幸福。） 【2024 贵州铜仁】—Fangfang, shall we go to see a film on Saturday? —Sorry. I'll have to_______my younger brother because my mother is out. A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after 答案：D。解析：“look after” 表示 “照顾”，因为妈妈外出，所以要照顾弟弟。“look at” 意为 “看”；“look for” 意为 “寻找”；“look up” 意为 “查阅；向上看”。 【2024 黑龙江哈尔滨】—Who do you admire most, Yang Ming? —Zhong Nanshan. Not only I but also my classmates ________ him. A. look forward to B. look up to C. are up to 答案：B。解析：“look up to” 表示 “尊敬；敬仰”，钟南山值得人们尊敬。“look forward to” 意为 “期待”；“be up to” 意为 “忙于；由…… 决定”。 考点二十一：turn 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 turn on/off 打开 / 关闭（电器） Please turn on the light; it’s too dark.（请开灯，太暗了。） turn up/down 调大 / 调小（音量）；出现 Can you turn down the TV? I’m studying.（能把电视音量调小吗？我在学习。） turn into 变成 The caterpillar turns into a butterfly.（毛毛虫变成蝴蝶。） 考点二十二：give相关短语 短语 含义 例句 give away 赠送；泄露；颁发 She gave away her old clothes to charity.（她把旧衣服捐给了慈善机构。） give back 归还；恢复 Remember to give back the book to the library.（记得把书还回图书馆。） give in to 屈服；投降；提交 Don’t give in to difficulties.（别向困难屈服。） give off 发出（光、热、气味等） The candle gives off a warm light.（蜡烛发出温暖的光。） give out 分发；用完；公布 The teacher gave out exam papers.（老师分发了试卷。） give up 放弃；戒除 He gave up smoking last year.（他去年戒烟了。） give rise to 引起；导致 Heavy rain gave rise to the flood.（暴雨引发了洪水。） give way to 让步；被…… 取代 Traditional shops are giving way to online stores.（传统商店正被网店取代。） 【2024 四川自贡】—We should form the good habit of saving food now? —I agree, so I always _______ the food I order. A. eat up B. give up C. turn up 答案：A。解析：“eat up” 表示 “吃光”，为了节约食物，所以总是吃光点的食物。“give up” 意为 “放弃”；“turn up” 意为 “出现；调高（音量等）”。 【2024 四川广元】The song Dream It Possible often reminds me that we should always try our best and never ______catching our dreams. A. give up B. take up C. put up 答案：A。解析：“give up” 表示 “放弃”，这里是说不要放弃追逐梦想。“take up” 意为 “占据；开始从事”；“put up” 意为 “张贴；搭建”。 考点二十三：take相关短语 短语 含义 例句 take after （外貌 / 性格）像 The boy takes after his father.（男孩像他父亲。） take away 拿走；带走；减去 Please take away the dirty dishes.（请把脏盘子拿走。） take down 取下；记下；拆除 He took down the map from the wall.（他把地图从墙上取下。） take off 脱下；起飞；突然成功 Take off your shoes before entering.（进屋前脱鞋。） take on 承担；呈现 She took on the challenge bravely.（她勇敢承担了挑战。） take out 取出；带出去；去除 Take out a pen and take notes.（拿出笔做笔记。） take up 占据；开始从事 Hobbies can take up your free time.（爱好会占据你的空闲时间。） take care of 照顾；处理 He takes care of his younger brother.（他照顾弟弟。） take pride in 以…… 为自豪 We take pride in our country.（我们以祖国为傲。） take part in 参加（活动） She takes part in the school sports meeting.（她参加校运会。） take place 发生；举行 The party will take place next week.（派对下周举行。） 【2024 山东滨州】—Tom, it smells so terrible here. —Sorry, mum. I will ________my socks and wash them right away. A. put off B. take off C. turn off D. cut off 答案：B。解析：“take off” 有 “脱下” 的意思，这里是说脱下袜子去洗。“put off” 意为 “推迟”；“turn off” 意为 “关闭”；“cut off” 意为 “切断”。 【2024 黑龙江牡丹江】—Why are you late for dinner, Jim? —At first I wanted to take a taxi, but I _______ walking here because of the heavy traffic. A. ended up B. took up C. gave up 答案：A。解析：“end up” 表示 “最终；结果”，这里是说因为交通拥堵最终选择步行来。“took up” 意为 “占据；开始从事”；“gave up” 意为 “放弃”。 考点二十四：go 相关短语 短语 含义 例句 go away 离开；消失 After saying goodbye, he went away slowly without looking back. 说完再见后，他头也不回地慢慢离开了。 go back 返回；追溯 We decided to go back to the small town where we spent our childhood. 我们决定回到那个我们度过童年的小镇。 go by 经过；流逝；遵循 As time went by, she gradually forgot the pain of the past. 随着时间的流逝，她逐渐忘记了过去的伤痛。 go down 下降；下沉；被接受 The price of vegetables went down significantly after the harvest season. 收获季节过后，蔬菜价格大幅下降了。 go for 选择；争取；适用于 Instead of coffee, I will go for a cup of hot tea with honey today. 今天我不喝咖啡，而是要一杯加蜂蜜的热茶。 go in for 从事；爱好；参加（考试 / 竞赛） Many students go in for science competitions to improve their problem-solving skills. 许多学生参加科学竞赛以提高自己的解题能力。 go off 爆炸；响起；变质；离开 The firework went off with a loud bang, and the whole sky was filled with light. 烟花随着一声巨响炸开，整个天空都被光芒照亮了。 go on 继续；发生；进行 Despite the rain, the outdoor concert went on as planned. 尽管下着雨，户外音乐会仍按计划进行。 go out 外出；熄灭；过时 They usually go out for a walk together after finishing their evening meal. 他们通常在吃完晚饭后一起出去散步。 go over 检查；复习；重温 The teacher asked us to go over the grammar rules before the final exam. 老师让我们在期末考试前复习语法规则。 go through 经历；检查；完成；通过 She had to go through a series of medical tests before getting the diagnosis. 她在确诊前不得不经历一系列的医学检查。 go up 上升；增长；建造 The number of tourists in this city has gone up by 30% compared to last year. 这座城市的游客数量相比去年增长了 30%。 go wrong 出错；出故障；误入歧途 Everything was going well until the computer system suddenly went wrong. 一切都很顺利，直到计算机系统突然出了故障。 【2024 黑龙江大庆】It's a good habit to ________ the lights before leaving the classroom. A. go on B. go off C. turn on D. turn off 答案：D。解析：离开教室前关掉灯是个好习惯，“turn off” 表示 “关闭”。“go on” 意为 “继续”；“go off” 意为 “发出响声；（食物等）变质”；“turn on” 意为 “打开”。 考点二十五：put 相关短语 短语 含义 例句（英文） put aside 储存；搁置；撇开 He puts aside a little money every month for his daughter’s college education. 他每个月都存一点钱，用于女儿的大学教育。 put away 收起；放好；储存；打消 Please put away all the books and notebooks before starting the experiment. 开始实验前，请把所有的书和笔记本收起来。 put down 写下；放下；镇压；贬低 She quickly put down the key points she heard during the important meeting. 她迅速记下了在重要会议中听到的要点。 put forward 提出；推荐；将… 提前 The committee put forward a proposal to improve the working conditions of employees. 委员会提出了一项改善员工工作条件的提案。 put off 推迟；拖延；使反感 They had to put off the wedding ceremony because of the unexpected pandemic. 由于突发的疫情，他们不得不推迟婚礼仪式。 put on 穿上；戴上；上演；增加（体重） She put on a warm coat and a pair of gloves before going out into the snowy weather. 她在出门进入雪天之前，穿上了一件暖和的外套和一副手套。 put out 熄灭；伸出；生产；发布 The firefighters worked hard to put out the big fire in the commercial building. 消防队员努力扑灭了商业大楼里的大火。 put up 举起；张贴；搭建；提供住宿 They put up colorful posters all around the school to promote the upcoming art festival. 他们在学校周围张贴了五颜六色的海报，宣传即将到来的艺术节。 put up with 忍受；容忍 I can’t put up with the noisy environment in the city center anymore. 我再也无法忍受市中心嘈杂的环境了。 put together 组装；组合；整理 It took him almost two hours to put together the complicated model airplane. 他花了将近两个小时才组装好这架复杂的模型飞机。 put through 接通（电话）；完成；使经历 Could you please put me through to the customer service department immediately? 你能立即帮我接通客户服务部门吗？ 【2024 河北】The girl decided to ________ the shoes because they were too expensive. A. try on B. put down C. take off D. throw away 答案：B。解析：“put down” 有 “放下；拒绝” 的意思，这里是说女孩因为鞋子太贵而决定不买，即拒绝，故选 B。“try on” 意为 “试穿”；“take off” 意为 “脱下；起飞”；“throw away” 意为 “扔掉”。 【2024 河北】We are supposed to ________ our hand before we speak in class. A. put up B. clean up C. take off D. throw away 答案：A。解析：“put up” 有 “举起” 的意思，上课发言前要举手，故选 A。“clean up” 意为 “打扫干净”；“take off” 意为 “脱下；起飞”；“throw away” 意为 “扔掉”。 【2024 四川凉山】A lot of schools across China ________ starting classes because of COVID - 19. A. put up B. put off C. put on D. put away 答案：B。解析：因为新冠疫情，学校推迟开学，“put off” 表示 “推迟”。“put up” 意为 “张贴；搭建”；“put on” 意为 “穿上；上演”；“put away” 意为 “放好；储存”。 考点二十六：cut相关短语 短语 含义 例句 cut across 穿过（某地）；超越（界限） We cut across the field to get to the road faster. （我们穿过田野，以便更快到达公路。） cut back 减少；削减；缩减 The company decided to cut back on production costs.（公司决定削减生产成本。） cut down 砍倒；减少；缩减（数量或尺寸） They cut down the old tree in the garden. （他们砍倒了花园里的那棵老树。） cut in (on) 插嘴；打断（谈话）；超车抢道 Don’t cut in when others are speaking. （别人说话时不要插嘴。） cut off 切断（供应、联系等）；中断；隔绝 The storm cut off the electricity in the entire town.（暴风雨切断了整个城镇的电力供应。） cut out 剪下；裁剪；停止（做某事） She cut out a picture from the magazine. （她从杂志上剪下一张图片。） cut through 穿透；开辟（道路）；克服（困难） The knife cut through the meat easily. （这把刀很容易就切开了肉。） cut up 切碎；使痛苦；抨击 Could you cut up the vegetables for the salad? （你能把蔬菜切碎做沙拉吗？） 考点二十七：get相关短语 短语 含义 例句 get across 使理解；解释清楚 The teacher tried various methods to get the complex theory across to students with different learning abilities.（老师尝试了各种方法，让不同学习能力的学生理解这个复杂的理论。） get along (with) 与…… 和睦相处；进展 Although they have different personalities, they manage to get along well because of their mutual respect.（尽管他们性格不同，但由于相互尊重，他们相处得很好。） get away 离开；逃脱；度假 The thief tried to get away, but was caught by the police just around the corner.（小偷试图逃跑，但就在拐角处被警察抓住了。） get back 返回；恢复；取回 By the time she got back home, her parents had already prepared a surprise birthday party.（当她回到家时，父母已经准备好了一个惊喜生日派对。） get down 写下；使沮丧；吞下 The bad news really got me down. （这个坏消息真的让我很沮丧。） get in 进入；到达；收获（庄稼） Students are required to get in touch with their teachers if they have any questions about the assignment.（如果学生对作业有任何疑问，需要与老师取得联系。） get into 进入；陷入；养成（习惯） Getting into a good university has become a goal that many high school students strive for.（进入一所好大学已成为许多高中生努力追求的目标。） get off 下车；脱下；下班；免受惩罚 The bus was so crowded that I could hardly get off at my stop.（公交车太挤了，我几乎无法在自己的站点下车。） get on 上车；进展；相处 With the help of modern technology, we can get on well with our studies despite the challenges.（在现代技术的帮助下，尽管有困难，我们仍能顺利进行学习。） get out 出去；泄露；出版 The secret got out eventually. （秘密最终泄露了。） get over 克服；恢复；熬过 It took her a long time to get over the disappointment caused by the failure in the math competition.（她花了很长时间才从数学竞赛失败带来的失望中走出来。） get rid of 摆脱；除去 To create a healthier living environment, we should get rid of habits that are harmful to our health. （为了创造更健康的生活环境，我们应该改掉对健康有害的习惯。） get through 通过（考试）；接通（电话）；完成（工作） Only by working hard can we get through the difficulties and achieve our academic goals.（只有努力学习，我们才能克服困难，实现学业目标。） get together 聚会；聚集；达成一致 Let’s get together for dinner this weekend.（咱们这周末聚聚吃个饭吧。） get up 起床；站起来；变得猛烈 I usually get up at 7 o’clock.（我通常 7 点起床。） get used to 习惯于 She is getting used to living alone.（她正在习惯独居生活。） get away with 逃避惩罚；侥幸做成 He lied but got away with it.（他撒了谎却没被惩罚。） get down to 开始认真处理；着手做 After a short break, we should get down to analyzing the data collected from the experiment.（短暂休息后，我们应该开始认真分析实验收集的数据。） 考点二十八：make相关短语 短语 含义 例句 make up 组成；编造；化妆；和解 The story he made up to explain his delay involved complex plot twists.（他为解释迟到编造的故事包含复杂的情节转折。） make sure 确保；查明 Make sure that you have reviewed all the key points before the exam tomorrow.（确保你在明天考试前复习了所有重点。） make sense 有意义；讲得通；合理 The theory presented in the textbook makes perfect sense when combined with practical examples.（教材中提出的理论结合实例时完全讲得通。） make progress 取得进步 Despite the challenges, she has made remarkable progress in mastering advanced mathematical models.（尽管困难重重，她在掌握高级数学模型方面取得了显著进步。） make a decision 做决定 It is crucial for students to make a well-informed decision about their future careers. （对学生来说，就未来职业做出明智的决定至关重要。） make a mistake 犯错误 Everyone makes mistakes sometimes. （每个人都会偶尔犯错误。） make a difference 有影响；起作用 Small actions can make a significant difference in creating a sustainable environment.（微小行动在创造可持续环境中能产生重大影响。） make use of 利用 In the digital age, we should make full use of online resources to expand our knowledge.（在数字时代，我们应充分利用网络资源拓展知识。） make out 理解；辨认出；填写（表格） I could hardly make out the handwriting on the ancient document, which required careful analysis.（我几乎辨认不出这份古代文献上的字迹，这需要仔细分析。） make for 走向；有助于；促成 Regular exercise makes for not only physical health but also mental clarity, which is essential for exam preparation.（定期锻炼不仅有助于身体健康，还能使人思维清晰，这对备考至关重要。） make it 成功；按时到达；约定时间 With consistent effort, he finally made it to the national physics competition after months of preparation.（经过数月努力，他最终成功晋级全国物理竞赛。） make a living 谋生 Many artists make a living by selling their creations online, demonstrating the impact of e-commerce.（许多艺术家通过在线销售作品谋生，这体现了电子商务的影响力。） make way for 为…… 让路；给…… 腾出地方 The old bridge was demolished to make way for a modern highway, reflecting the city’s development strategy.（旧桥被拆除，为现代高速公路让路，这反映了城市的发展战略。） 考点二十九：bring相关短语 短语 含义 例句 bring about 导致；引起；带来（变化、结果） The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives. （科技的飞速发展给我们的日常生活带来了巨大变化。） bring up 提出（话题 / 问题）；抚养；呕吐 The documentary brought up a thought-provoking question: How can we balance economic growth and environmental protection? （这部纪录片提出了一个发人深省的问题：我们如何平衡经济增长和环境保护？） bring in 引入；带来（收入 / 投资）；收获（庄稼） The new policy is expected to bring in more foreign investment, which will boost the local economy. （预计新政策将吸引更多外资，这将促进当地经济发展。） bring out 展现；使显现；出版；生产 The artist’s latest exhibition brings out the beauty and complexity of traditional Chinese culture. （这位艺术家的最新展览展现了中国传统文化的美丽与复杂性。） bring back 带回；使回忆起；恢复 Listening to old songs always brings back memories of my childhood. （听老歌总是让我回忆起童年时光。） bring down 降低；减少；使倒下；击落 The government has taken measures to bring down the high housing prices, making homeownership more accessible. （政府已采取措施降低高房价，使购房更容易。） bring forward 提出（建议 / 理论）；提前（时间）；展示 The scientist brought forward a new theory that challenges the traditional view on climate change. （这位科学家提出了一种新理论，挑战了关于气候变化的传统观点。） bring to light 揭露；使真相大白；发现 The investigation brought to light some serious issues in the company’s management system. （调查揭示了公司管理系统中的一些严重问题。） bring into effect 实施；使生效；执行 The new regulation will be brought into effect next month, aiming to protect consumers’ rights. （新规定将于下月生效，旨在保护消费者权益。） 考点三十：keep相关短语 短语 含义 例句 keep on 继续（做某事）；反复做 Despite facing numerous challenges, she kept on practicing the piano for hours every day. （尽管面临诸多挑战，她仍坚持每天练习钢琴数小时。） keep up 保持；跟上；不落后 To keep up with the rapid pace of modern society, we must continuously learn new skills. （为了跟上现代社会的快速节奏，我们必须不断学习新技能。） keep off 远离；避开；不接近 Please keep off the grass to protect the environment. （请远离草坪以保护环境。） keep away (from) 使远离；不靠近 Parents should teach children to keep away from dangerous places. （父母应该教导孩子远离危险的地方。） keep out 阻止进入；不让入内 The high fence keeps out strangers and ensures the safety of the community.（高高的围栏阻止陌生人进入，确保社区安全。） keep back 隐瞒；保留；阻止；忍住 She couldn’t keep back her tears when she heard the sad news. （当她听到这个悲伤的消息时，忍不住流下了眼泪。） keep down 控制；降低；压制；蹲下 We should keep down our expenses to avoid financial difficulties. （我们应该控制开支以避免财务困难。） keep in touch (with) 与…… 保持联系 Thanks to modern technology, we can easily keep in touch with friends who live far away. （多亏了现代技术，我们可以轻松地与远方的朋友保持联系。） keep an eye on 留意；照看；密切关注 Can you keep an eye on my luggage while I go to the restroom? （我去洗手间时，你能帮我照看一下行李吗？） keep up with 跟上；与…… 同步；和…… 保持联系 Students should keep up with the latest trends in education to adapt to future challenges. （学生应该跟上教育的最新趋势，以适应未来的挑战。） 考点三十一：come相关短语 短语 含义 例句 come across 偶然遇见；无意中发现 While cleaning the attic, I came across an old photo of my grandparents. （整理阁楼时，我偶然发现一张祖父母的旧照片。） come about 发生；产生 Do you know how the environmental problems in big cities came about? （你知道大城市的环境问题是如何产生的吗？） come along 一起去；进展；出现 If you come along with us, you’ll have a chance to experience rural life. （如果你和我们一起去，将有机会体验乡村生活。） come back 回来；恢复；回忆起 The smell of coffee always makes me come back to the days when I studied abroad. （咖啡的香味总让我回忆起留学的日子。） come down 下降；流传；病倒 The price of electronic products has come down significantly in recent years. （近年来，电子产品价格显著下降。） come from 来自；起源于 The tradition of dragon boat races comes from the story of Qu Yuan. （赛龙舟的传统起源于屈原的故事。） come out 出版；开花；显露；公开 The new novel by the famous writer will come out next month. （这位著名作家的新小说将于下月出版。） come up 走近；被提出；发生；发芽 A new problem came up when we were discussing the project plan. （讨论项目计划时，一个新问题被提了出来。） come up with 想出；提出（计划、想法等） The team came up with an innovative solution to reduce carbon emissions. （团队想出了一个减少碳排放的创新方案。） 考点三十二：pull相关短语 短语 含义 例句 pull apart 拆开；使分裂；批评 The teacher asked us to pull apart the machine and analyze its structure. （老师让我们拆开机器并分析其结构。） pull away （车辆）驶离；离开 The bus pulled away before I could catch up with it. （我还没追上，公交车就开走了。） pull down 拆毁；拉倒；使下跌 Old buildings are being pulled down to make way for new commercial centers. （旧建筑正被拆除，为新商业中心让路。） pull in （车）进站；吸引 The train pulled in right on time, and the passengers rushed out. （火车准时进站，乘客们蜂拥而出。） pull off 成功完成；脱下（衣物等） It was challenging, but we managed to pull off the school drama performance. （尽管有挑战，我们还是成功完成了校园话剧演出。） pull on 穿上；继续拉 She pulled on her coat and hurried to the airport to catch the flight. （她穿上外套，匆忙赶去机场搭飞机。） pull out 退出；（车）驶出；拔出 The company decided to pull out of the international market due to financial pressure. （因资金压力，公司决定退出国际市场。） pull through （使）渡过难关；康复 With the doctor’s help, the patient finally pulled through the serious illness. （在医生的帮助下，患者最终战胜了重病。） pull up （使）停下；拔起 The driver pulled up sharply to avoid hitting the cyclist. （司机紧急刹车以免撞到骑自行车的人。） 考点三十三：run相关短语 短语 含义 高考水平例句 run across 偶然遇见；跑着穿过 I ran across an old friend while shopping in the downtown area. （在市区购物时，我偶然遇见了一位老朋友。） run away 逃跑；失控 The little boy ran away in fear when he saw the stray dog. （小男孩看到流浪狗时害怕地跑开了。） run down 撞倒；减少；疲惫不堪 The cyclist was run down by a car at the intersection. （骑自行车的人在十字路口被汽车撞倒了。） run into 撞上；偶遇；陷入（困境） The car ran into a tree because the driver fell asleep. （由于司机睡着了，汽车撞上了一棵树。） run off 逃离；印出；流失 The thief ran off with the bag as soon as he grabbed it. （小偷一抢到包就带着它逃走了。） run out (of) 用完；耗尽 We are running out of time, so we need to speed up the project. （我们快没时间了，因此需要加快项目进度。） run over 碾过；浏览；复习 The teacher ran over the key points before the final exam. （老师在期末考试前复习了重点内容。） run through 贯穿；快速阅读；排练 A feeling of excitement ran through the crowd when the singer appeared. （歌手出场时，人群中洋溢着兴奋的情绪。） run up 迅速增加；积欠（债务） The costs of the project ran up unexpectedly due to material shortages. （由于材料短缺，项目成本意外攀升。） 小试牛刀 1．—Tom should arrive at eight, but he hasn’t________ yet. —Let’s wait a few more minutes. Maybe he is stuck in a traffic jam. A．turned off B．turned up C．turned on D．turned down 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆本应该八点钟到的，但他还没有出现。——让我们再等几分钟。也许他遇上交通堵塞了。 考查动词短语辨析。turned off关闭（设备）；turned up出现，到场；turned on打开（设备）；turned down调低（音量），拒绝。根据语境可知，此处是在描述汤姆本应八点到达，但到现在还未到场，所以应该用turned up表示“出现，到场”。故选B。 2．—What happened to my red dress?I only washed it once and it looks pale now! —Oh! The color must have ________ during the wash. A．made up B．come out C．taken in D．put on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我的红裙子怎么了？我只洗了一次，现在它看起来颜色很淡了！——哦！颜色一定是在洗涤过程中褪色了。 考查动词短语辨析。made up组成；come out褪去；taken in吸收；put on穿上。根据“The color must have…during the wash.”可知，此处表示颜色在洗涤时褪去，所以“come out”符合句意，故选B。 3．Art is like life. It almost never ________ the way we plan. Sometimes going in a different direction is the very thing that makes it amazing. A．turns out B．works out C．puts out D．tries out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：艺术就像生活。它几乎从来不会像我们计划的一样。有时候朝着不同的方向发展恰恰是让它变得令人惊叹的原因。 考查动词短语辨析。turns out结果是；works out解决，算出；puts out熄灭；tries out试验，试用。根据“the way we plan”以及“Sometimes going in a different direction is the very thing that makes it amazing”可知，此处表达事情的发展结果几乎不会和我们计划的一样，turns out符合语境，故选A。 4．The trip to London will _______each person 10000 yuan. A．pay B．cost C．take D．spend 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去伦敦的旅途将花掉每个人一万元。 考查动词辨析。pay，cost，take，spend都表示“花费”，但用法不同。人作主语用pay和spend；It作主语用take；物作主语用cost。此题“the trip”是物作主语，用cost，故选B。 【点睛】难点突破：解决此题需要掌握四个花费的用法：sb. spend …on/(in)doing sth.；sb. pay…for sth.；it takes sb.…to do sth.；sth cost sb…。 5．To fight against global warming, many countries are trying to ________ new energy sources and ________ the use of fossil fuels（化石燃料）which is harmful. A．take up; cut down B．take on; cut out C．take in; cut off D．take over; cut back 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了应对全球变暖，许多国家正试图采用新能源，减少使用有害的化石燃料。 考查动词短语。take up开始从事；take on呈现；take in吸收；take over接收；cut down削减；cut out剪下；cut off切断；cut back减少。根据“To fight against global warming”并结合选项可知，应对全球变暖，应是采用新能源，减少使用有害的化石燃料。故选A。 6．The little boy tried to __________ his kite when it flew away. A．run after B．run over C．run into D．run out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：风筝飞走时，小男孩试图追上去。 考查动词短语。run after追赶；run over碾过；run into偶遇；run out用完。根据“The little boy tried to …his kite when it flew away.”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指追赶飞走的风筝。故选A。 7．—The school drama club is short of members. They hope you can ________ the offer and join them. It’s a great chance to show your talent. — Thank you. I will think about it. A．set out B．bring out C．hold up D．take up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——学校戏剧俱乐部缺少成员。他们希望你能接受这个提议并加入他们。这是一个展示你才华的好机会。——谢谢。我会考虑的。 考查动词短语辨析。set out出发；bring out使显现，使表现出；hold up举起，阻挡；take up接受（提议）。根据语境可知，此处是在邀请对方接受加入戏剧俱乐部的提议，所以应该用take up。故选D。 8．No matter what you want to ________ your life, you will need education. A．deal with B．do with C．help with D．take with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：无论你想如何处理你的生活，你都需要教育。 考查动词短语。deal with处理；do with处理；help with帮助做；take with带上。根据“what you want to”和“your life”可知，此处指处理生活。且“do with”常与“what”连用。故选B。 9．When tomorrow ________ today, yesterday, none of us can forget the middle school life because the wonderful memory in the heart can grow freely like a seed. A．turns down B．turns into C．turns on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当明天变成今天和昨天，我们谁也无法忘记初中生活，因为心中的美好记忆可以像种子一样自由生长。 考查动词短语。turns down拒绝；turns into变成；turns on打开。根据“When tomorrow...today, yesterday”可知，此处指明天变成今天和昨天，表示时间的消逝，故选B。 10．—Your room looks like a storm hit it! The T-shirt is hanging from the ceiling fan! —I know. I need to ________ my clothes before my roommate sees this disaster! A．put up B．put away C．put in D．put out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的房间看起来像被暴风雨袭击过一样！T恤还挂在吊扇上！——我知道。我必须在室友看到这场灾难前把衣服收好！ 考查动词短语辨析。put up悬挂，张贴，搭建；put away收拾整齐；put in投入，插入，提交；put out熄灭，发布，伸出。根据“storm hit it”和“disaster”强调房间极度混乱，需快速收纳整理。“hanging from the ceiling fan”暗示衣物未在正常存放位置（如衣柜/抽屉），需放回原处。故应是收拾好衣服。故选B。 11．—How much did you ________ what the teacher said in yesterday’s English class? —I understand everything. Because I finished all my homework as soon as school was over yesterday. A．take in B．take out C．take up D．take off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——在昨天的英语课上，老师讲的内容你能理解多少？——我全都理解。因为昨天一放学我就完成了所有作业。 考查动词短语。take in理解；take out取出；take up占据；take off起飞。根据“I understand everything.”可知，此处询问理解了多少。故选A。 12．—Wuhan has ________ an extremely difficult time in the last few months. —It’s so hard for everyone in that city. A．gone back B．gone through C．gone out D．gone away 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在过去的几个月里，武汉经历了一段极其困难的时期。——那座城市的每个人都很难接受。 考查动词短语。gone back返回；gone through经历；gone out外出；gone away离开。根据“Wuhan has…an extremely difficult time in the last few months.”可知，武汉在过去的几个月里经历了一段极其困难的时期。故选B。 13．—Did your cousin invite you to join the trip? —Yes. But I didn't ________ it. A．receive B．get C．accept D．reach 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你表弟邀请你去旅行了吗？——是的。但我没有接受。 考查动词辨析。receive收到；get得到；accept接受；reach到达。but但是，表转折；由肯定回答可知“收到了邀请”，结合but可知没有“接受邀请”。accept表示“接受”，故选C。 14．The man went back and ________ down to have a rest after ________ to his boss about being ill. A．lied, lying B．lay, laying C．lay, lying D．laid, laying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在向老板谎称自己生病后，那人回去躺下休息了。 考查动词辨析。lie躺，过去式是lay，动名词是lying；lie说谎，过去式是lied，动名词是lying。根据“…down to have a rest”，可知，第一空表示“躺下休息”，此空与went构成并列关系，所以此空填动词过去式lay。根据“…to his boss about being ill”，可知，第二空表示“向老板谎称自己生病”，after是介词，后接动名词lying，故选C。 15．We ________ Shanghai on May 1st and left there on 4th of May. A．arrived B．reached C．got D．lived 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们五月一日到达上海，五月四日离开。 考查动词辨析。arrive到达，不及物动词不可直接接宾语；reach到达，及物动词；get和to连用表示“到达”；live居住，不及物动词。根据下文“and left there on 4th of May”，可知这里是“到达上海”，可排除D项；Shanghai作宾语，动词需用reach，故选B。 16．— What’s the _________ of the trip to the World Park, Daniel?        — Taking a trip there ________ 100 yuan per person. A．cost, takes B．cost, costs C．price, spends D．price, pays 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，世界公园之旅的费用是多少？——到那儿旅行每人花费100元。 cost作名词，表示“成本，费用”；作动词，表示“花费”，且只能是物作主语。cost/pay/spend/take均可表示“花费”，spend和pay的主语是人，take要用it作形式主语；由“taking a trip”可知，此处要用cost。故选B。 【点睛】cost, pay, spend, take的区别 四个单词均可表示“花费”，但所用主语不同。cost的主语通常为物；pay的主语是人，常和for连用；spend的主语也是人，常用结构是spend+金钱+on sth./(in) doing sth.；take表示“花费”时，常用it作形式主语。如： The iPad cost me 8000 yuan. 这个iPad花费了我8000元。 I spent 20 dollars on this machine. 我花了20美元买这台机器。 It took him an hour to write the letter. 他花了1个小时写这封信。 She paid 10 yuan for the book. 她买这本书花了10元钱。 17．The trip from our school to South Hill ________ about an hour. It made us feel so ________. A．spent; boring B．took; boring C．spent; bored D．took; bored 【答案】D 【详解】句意：从我们学校到南山的旅行大约花了一个小时。这让我们觉得很无聊。 考查动词和形容词的用法。spent花费时间、金钱；boring令人无聊的；took花费时间；bored感到无聊的。spend是人作主语，take是物或it作主语，句子的主语是“The trip from our school to South Hill”，所以第一空使用take的过去式took。boring表示事物本身的特点，bored是表示人的感受，根据“It made us feel so”可知，第二空使用bored，表示“我们感到很无聊”。故选D。 18．The newly-opened factory ________ jobs to the villagers. They're really happy. A．lends B．pays C．offers D．shows 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新开的工厂为村民提供工作。他们真的很开心。 考查动词辨析。lend借给，pay支付，offer提供，show展示，只有offer符合句意；句型offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to sb.“把某物提供给某人”。故选C。 19．We are going to ________ “the environment club” to protect out environment. A．join B．take part in C．take part      D．join in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们要加入“环境俱乐部”来保护我们的环境。 考查词汇辨析。join成为……的一员，加入俱乐部、公司等；take part in参加活动、比赛等， take part后接名词时需加in；join in多指参加活动或者比赛，如“球赛、游戏”等。根据“the environment club”可知此处指加入俱乐部，用join。故选A。 20．After Mr. Clark ________ the speaking practice “My Favorite Scientist”, the students started a lively discussion. A．gave up B．brought up C．looked up D．ended up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Clark先生提出“我最喜欢的科学家”的口语练习后，学生们开始了热烈的讨论。 考查动词短语。gave up放弃；brought up提出；looked up查阅；ended up最终。根据“the students started a lively discussion”可知此处表示提出了新话题，用“brought up”。故选B。 21．—Having a proper diet is of great importance to health. —Totally agree. We should ________ green vegetables and fresh fruit. A．put away B．look over C．keep off D．take in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——合理的饮食对健康非常重要。——完全同意。我们应该摄入绿色蔬菜和新鲜水果。 考查动词短语。put away把……收起来；look over检查；keep off避开；take in吸收，摄入。根据“Having a proper diet” 以及“green vegetables and fresh fruit”可知，此处说的是要摄入绿色蔬菜和新鲜水果来保持健康饮食。故选D。 22．—The film Ne Zha 2 became a big hit in China after it _______ on January 29, 2025. —That’s right. I have watched it twice and love the story so much. A．took up B．came out C．turned down D．put off 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——电影《哪吒2》于2025年1月29日上映后，在中国引起了轰动。  ——对。我已经看了两遍，我非常喜欢这个故事。 考查动词短语。took up占用，从事；came out上映，出现；turned down拒绝；put off推迟。根据“after it...on January 29, 2025.”可知，it指的是前文提到的“Ne Zha 2”，指电影在2025年1月29日上映，应用come out。故选B。 23．—It is so nice of you to set a scholarship in your old high school. —The high school learning changes my life and I want to ________ to it. A．give away B．stay away C．give back D．stay up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你真好，在你的母校高中设立了奖学金。——高中的学习改变了我的人生，我想回报它。 考查动词短语。give away捐赠；stay away远离；give back回报；stay up熬夜。根据“The high school learning changes my life”和“set a scholarship in your old high school”可知，因为高中学习改变了自己的人生，所以想回报母校。故选C。 24．The amazing victory of Sun Yongsha leads us to ________ her early days. Those were years of challenges. A．look at B．look for C．look up D．look back 【答案】D 【详解】句意：孙永沙的惊人胜利引领我们去回顾她早期的日子。那些是成年累月的挑战。 考查动词短语辨析。look at看；look for寻找；look up查找；look back回顾。根据“The amazing victory of Sun Yongsha leads us to ... her early days.”可知，应该是孙永沙的惊人胜利引领我们去“回顾”她早期的日子。故选D。 25．—I want to join the school science club, but I’m worried about my study. —You needn’t ____________ fun activities. Just plan your time well. A．put off B．take up C．look for D．cut out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想加入学校科学俱乐部，但我担心我的学习。——你不必停掉有趣的活动。只要好好规划你的时间就行。 考查动词短语。put off推迟；take up占据（时间、空间等）；look for寻找；cut out停止做……。根据“ I’m worried about my study.”和“Just plan your time well.”可知，设空处句子应表示不必因为担心学习就停止参加有趣的活动，鼓励对方只要规划好时间就好。故选D。 26．The young inventor ______ the science field with creative robot design, attracting wide attention. A．fell into B．broke into C．ran into D．turned into 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位年轻的发明家凭借创造性的机器人设计闯入了科学领域，引起了广泛的关注。 考查动词短语辨析。fell into陷入；broke into闯入；ran into偶然遇到；turned into变成。根据“the science field”可知此处指闯入了科学领域，故选B。 27．—I bought a second-hand bike online, and it will arrive tomorrow. —When it arrives, you need to _______ every part carefully in case of hidden problems. A．cut off B．put away C．set up D．check out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我在网上买了一辆二手自行车，明天就到货了。——到货时，你需要仔细检查每个部件，以防有隐藏的问题。 考查动词短语辨析。cut off切断；put away把……收起来；set up建立；check out检查。根据“every part carefully in case of hidden problems”可知，收到二手自行车时要仔细检查每个部件，目的是避免隐藏的问题。故选D。 28．—How many races will you ________ during your school meet? —Three. I’m training for them every day. A．take part in B．look down on C．pay attention to D．keep away from 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你将在校运会期间参加多少场比赛？——三场。我每天都在为它们训练。 考查动词短语。take part in参加；look down on轻视；pay attention to注意；keep away from远离。根据“I’m training for them every day（我每天都在为它们训练）”可知，说话者会参加比赛，故选A。 29．—I’d like to join your chess club. —That’s great! We ________ new members who share the same interest. A．turn in B．call in C．give in D．take in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想加入你们的国际象棋俱乐部。——太棒了！我们欢迎有相同兴趣的新成员加入。 考查动词短语辨析。turn in上交；call in召集；give in投降；take in接纳。根据“new members who share the same interest”可知，这里表示欢迎新成员加入。故选D。 30．He was clearly nervous and avoided eye contact, making me suspect that he was _______ me about the missing money. A．lying to B．lying C．lying for D．lying at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他显然很紧张，避免与我有眼神接触，这让我怀疑他在钱丢失的事上对我撒谎。 考查动词短语。结合语境及“He was clearly nervous and avoided eye contact”可知，此处应指他紧张的表现使人怀疑他在“撒谎”，“lie to sb.”表示“撒谎”，故选A。 31．—My host family invited me to their traditional tea party, but I’m not sure about the customs. —It’s okay. You can ________ the invitation politely if you feel unprepared. A．turn down B．take up C．put away D．back out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我的寄宿家庭邀请我参加他们的传统茶会，但我不太了解习俗。——没关系。如果你觉得没准备好，可以礼貌地拒绝邀请。 考查动词短语辨析。turn down拒绝；take up开始从事/占用；put away收起来；back out退出。根据“You can… the invitation politely if you feel unprepared.”语境，可知此处表示“礼貌拒绝邀请”，故选A。 32．—Lucy bought lots of drawing tools. But I remember she didn’t like to draw. —She saw an art show last month and decided to _______ a new hobby. A．take up B．put off C．give up D．keep off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——露西买了很多绘画工具。但我记得她不喜欢画画。——她上个月看了一场艺术展，决定开始一项新爱好。 考查动词短语。take up开始从事；put off推迟；give up放弃；keep off（使）不接近。根据“a new hobby”和“Lucy bought lots of drawing tools.”可知，露西决定开始一项新爱好。故选A。 33．—Do you know that American government raised the tariff (关税) to China to 245%? —It’s not fair. But I believe the US will _________ doing this because of the power (力量) of our great country. A．pick up B．give up C．fix up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道美国政府把对中国的关税提高到了245%吗？——这不公平。但我相信美国会因为我们伟大国家的力量而放弃这样做。 考查动词短语辨析。pick up捡起；give up放弃；fix up修理。根据“But I believe the US will…doing this because of the power of our great country.”可知，此处指的是美国可能因中国的力量会放弃提高关税。故选B。 34．Annie ________ some desserts on the table quickly and ________ down to have a rest on the sofa. A．laid; lay B．lay; laid C．lied; lay D．laid; lied 【答案】A 【详解】句意：安妮很快地把一些甜点放在桌上，躺在沙发上休息。 考查动词辨析。lie“说谎”，其过去式为lied；lie“躺”，其过去式为lay；lay“放置”，其过去式为laid。结合句意，安妮把甜点放在桌上然后躺在沙发上休息，均为一般过去时态，谓语动词用其过去式；故第一个空应为过去式laid，第二个空应为过去式lay。故选A。 35．You’d better take a walk outside. You ________ in bed for the whole day. A．laid B．lie C．have laid D．have lain 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你最好到外面去走走。你已经在床上躺了一整天了。 考查动词和时态辨析。lay放置，过去式和过去分词都是laid；lie躺， 过去式是 lay或lied，过去分词是lain或lied。for the whole day一整天，是一段持续的时间，用于现在完成时，可排除AB两项。根据上文的建议“You’d better take a walk outside”，可知lay不合句意，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$