2025年中考英语冲刺语法集训：动词时态与语态专题

动词的时态与语态专题 目录 考点集锦 1 考点一：一般过去时 1 考点二：过去进行时 2 考点三：一般现在时 3 考点四：现在进行时 3 考点五：现在完成时 4 考点六：一般将来时 5 考点七：被动语态 6 考点八：易混时态对比 9 小试牛刀 10 考点集锦 考点一：一般过去时 1. 构成：动词过去式（-ed 形式）或不规则变化 2. 用法：聚焦 “过去时间点”，与现在无关联，强调动作已结束。 (1) 过去特定时间动作 / 状态：表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或存在的状态。 例句：She bought a new dress yesterday afternoon when she went shopping with her friends.（她昨天下午和朋友逛街时买了一条新裙子。） (2) 过去习惯性动作：表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。 例句：When I was a child, I played football every weekend with my neighbors in the park.（小时候，我每个周末都和邻居在公园踢足球。） 3. 拓展用法： (1) 虚拟语气中的过去时：用于委婉请求（Could you help me?）或假设（If I had time, I would go.）。 (2) 固定句式：It’s time + 过去时（该做某事了） 例句：It’s time we left for the airport, or we’ll miss the flight.（我们该去机场了，否则赶不上飞机。） 4. 时间标志词：yesterday, last night, ago, in 2020, the other day 等 2024 年辽宁沈阳中考真题：Where ____ you ____ lunch? At home. There was no school lunch. A. did; have B. are; having C. will; have D. do; have 答案：A。解析：根据答语可知，询问的是过去在哪里吃午饭，应用一般过去时。 考点二：过去进行时 1. 构成：was/were + 现在分词（-ing） 2. 用法：表示过去某一时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作。(与一般过去时的 “点动作” 不同，强调 “段动作的延续性”。) 例句：At 8:00 pm yesterday, I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen.（昨晚 8 点，我在做作业，而妈妈在厨房做晚饭。） 3. 典型场景： (1) 动作打断：过去进行时（背景）+ 一般过去时（打断动作） 例句：She was reading a book when the doorbell rang.（她正在看书时，门铃响了。） (2) 同时进行：两个过去进行时动作同时发生（用 while 连接） 例句：They were dancing while we were singing at the party last night.（昨晚派对上他们在跳舞，我们在唱歌。） 4. 时间标志词：at that time, when, while, from 2-4 pm yesterday 等 2024 年湖北襄樊中考真题：I went to see you yesterday evening. But you weren’t in. Where were you then? I _ _ a walk by the lake with my husband. A. was having B. am having C. have had D. have 答案：A。解析：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。 2024 年安徽中考真题：Why didn’t you go to the cinema with us this afternoon? I ____ at the station for my uncle from Beijing. A. was waiting B. have waited C. am waiting D. will wait 答案：A。解析：上句提供过去的语言环境，所以下句要用过去进行时表示当时正在等叔叔。 2024 年河北中考真题：I ________ my clothes, and the phone rang. A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing 答案：D。解析：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。 考点三：一般现在时 1. 构成：动词原形（主语非三单）/ 第三人称单数（主语三单） 2. 用法： (1) 习惯性动作：表示经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 例句：He goes to school by bike every day and likes to listen to music on the way.（他每天骑自行车上学，喜欢在路上听音乐。） (2) 客观事实 / 真理：表示普遍成立的事实或科学真理。 例句：The earth moves around the sun, and light travels faster than sound.（地球绕太阳转，光比声音传播得快。） 3. 时间标志词：always, usually, often, every day, sometimes 等 2024 年黑龙江绥化中考真题：In China, a number of birthday persons ________ cakes with candles. The number of candles ________ the person’s age. A. has; is B. eats; are C. eat; is 答案：C。解析：“a number of + 复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用复数，所以第一空用 eat；“the number of + 名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以第二空用 is。 考点四：现在进行时 1. 构成：am/is/are + 现在分词（-ing） 2. 用法： (1) 正在进行的动作：表示说话时正在进行的动作。 例句：Look! The students are playing basketball on the playground and laughing loudly.（看！学生们正在操场上打篮球，大声笑着。） (2) 现阶段持续动作：表示当前一段时间内持续进行的动作（未必此刻正在做）。 例句：She is learning French this term and hopes to visit Paris next year.（她这学期在学法语，希望明年去巴黎。） (3) 表达按计划即将发生的动作：当涉及未来的安排，尤其是近期已经确定好的计划时，会用到现在进行时。通常会有具体的时间状语来表明未来的时间。 例句：We are leaving for Paris tomorrow.（我们明天要去巴黎。） (4) 用于表达重复出现的动作，带有某种感情色彩：当现在进行时与 “always”“constantly” 等频率副词连用时，往往带有抱怨、赞扬等情绪。 例句：She is always complaining about her workload.（她总是抱怨工作任务重。）（抱怨） 3. 时间标志词：now, look, listen, at present 等 2024 年湖北襄樊中考真题：I ____ the Great Wall next week. Have a good trip. A. visit B. visited C. am visiting D. have visited 答案：C。解析：next week 是将来时的时间状语，现在进行时可表将来，表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作。 考点五：现在完成时 1. 构成：have/has + 过去分词（-ed / 不规则） 2. 用法： (1) 影响性完成：动作结束，但结果影响现在 例句：I have locked the door, so we don’t need to worry about safety.（我锁门了，所以不用担心安全问题。） (2) 持续性完成：动作从过去延续到现在（需用延续性动词） 误：He has come here for 3 days.（×） 正：He has been here for 3 days.（√）（come→短暂性，be→延续性） (3) 经历性完成：表过去经历（ever/never） 例句：Have you ever been to the Great Wall? Yes, I have been there twice.（你去过长城吗？是的，我去过两次。） 3. 时间标志词：already, yet, for, since, so far, ever, never 等 2024 年辽宁沈阳中考真题：Have you ____ joined in a dragon boat race? Yes, I have. A. never B. still C. seldom D. ever 答案：D。解析：ever 表示 “曾经”，用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中，符合语境。 2024 年河北中考真题：My brother left school in 2024, and since then he ________ in Beijing. A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived 答案：D。解析：since 是现在完成时的标志，其结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”。 2024 年江苏连云港中考真题：As a Chinese traditional martial art (武术), Taijiquan _________ to more than 150 countries all over the world so far. A. spread B. spreads C. will spread D. has spread 答案：D。解析：根据 “so far” 可知，时态是现在完成时。 考点六：一般将来时 1. 构成： will/shall + 动词原形（shall 仅用于第一人称） am/is/are going to + 动词原形（表计划、打算或迹象预测） 2. 用法： (1) 未来计划 / 意愿：表示主观打算或客观将来的动作。 例句：They will go to the cinema tomorrow evening and watch the latest superhero movie.（他们明晚要去电影院看最新的超级英雄电影。） (2) 迹象预测：根据迹象判断即将发生的事。 例句：Look at the clouds! It is going to rain, so we should take umbrellas with us.（看云！要下雨了，我们应该带伞。） 3. 时间标志词：tomorrow, next week, in 2 days, soon 等 4. 时态中的 “主将从现” 原则 (1) 适用场景：时间状语从句（when, as soon as）和条件状语从句（if, unless） (2) 规则：主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来 例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive in London.（我一到伦敦就给你打电话。） 误：I will call you as soon as I will arrive.（×） 5. 四种表达方式对比： 结构 含义及例句 will + V 原 单纯将来（临时决定）：I think I will take a taxi. be going to + V 原 计划 / 迹象预测：Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. be doing（现在进行时） 按计划发生（仅限少数动词：go, come, leave 等）：She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. be to + V 原 正式计划 / 义务：The meeting is to be held at 9:00 am. 2024 年黑龙江绥化中考真题：He ________ much healthier if he ________ enough exercise in his free time. A. is; take B. will be; takes C. will be; take 答案：B。解析：if 引导的条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。从句主语是 he，动词用三单形式。 考点七：被动语态 1. 构成 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 The classroom is cleaned by students every morning. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 The bridge was built in 2010 and is still used today. 一般将来时 will/shall be + 过去分词 /am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 The new library will be opened next month and will welcome all visitors. 现在进行时 am/is/are being + 过去分词 A new road is being built near our school and will be finished next year. 过去进行时 was/were being + 过去分词 The house was being painted when I arrived yesterday. 现在完成时 have/has been + 过去分词 The project has been completed ahead of schedule and wins praise from others. 2024 年辽宁沈阳中考真题：Tomorrow there’s a programme about our school on TV, then it ____ by millions of people. A. will see B. saw C. will be seen D. was seen 答案：C。解析：根据句意，电视节目将被数百万人看到，应用一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年湖北襄樊中考真题：What a clean and bright classroom, isn’t it? Yes, it’s always clean and bright because it ____ every day. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 答案：C。解析：教室每天被打扫，用一般现在时的被动语态。 2024 年安徽中考真题：The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ____ this July. Don’t miss it. A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held 答案：D。解析：2024 年巴黎奥运会将于今年 7 月举行，主语和动词 hold 之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年安徽中考真题：Are you going to the party? No, because I ____. A. have asked B. haven’t asked C. have been asked D. haven’t been asked 答案：D。解析：回答不去参加晚会是因为 “我没有被邀请”，用现在完成时的被动语态的否定式。 2024 年甘肃省临夏州中考真题：Many trees ________ every year to protect the environment. A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted 答案：B。解析：主语 trees 和动词 plant 之间是被动关系，结合 “every year” 可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。 2024 年四川乐山中考真题：There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. This problem ________ in the future. A. will solve B. will be solved C. is solved D. solved 答案：B。解析：主语 “this problem” 与 “解决” 之间是被动关系，且结合 “in the future” 可知是一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年四川泸州市中考真题：Tom, the high - speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully. A. completes B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed 答案：D。解析：主语与动词 complete 之间是动宾关系，且根据 “this year hopefully” 可知是一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年天津中考真题：Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A. names B. named C. was named D. has named 答案：C。解析：主语 he 和谓语 name 之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。 2. 用法 (1) 不知 / 不必提执行者：强调动作承受者，无需知道谁执行。 例句：The window was broken last night, but no one knows who did it.（窗户昨晚被打破了，但没人知道是谁干的。） (2) 突出承受者：强调动作对象而非执行者。 例句：Many trees are planted in spring every year to protect the environment.（每年春天种很多树来保护环境。） 拓展：不能用于被动语态的情况 (1) 不及物动词：happen, occur, belong, agree 等 误：The accident was happened yesterday.（×） 正：The accident happened yesterday.（√） (2) 静态动词：have（有）, cost, weigh 等 误：The book is cost 20 yuan.（×） 正：The book costs 20 yuan.（√） 2024 年河北中考真题：Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 答案：C。解析：被动语态，“be known to be” 表示 “被认为是”。 2024 年四川达州市中考真题：Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. A. clean B. be cleaned C. is cleaned 答案：B。解析：含情态动词的被动语态，“must be + 过去分词”。 2024 年四川凉山中考真题：Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays. A. is celebrated B. was celebrated C. will be celebrated 答案：A。解析：根据 “nowadays” 可知，用一般现在时，主语与动词 celebrate 之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。 3. 主动语态变被动语态步骤 (1) 宾语变主语：主动句宾语→被动句主语。 主动：She reads English novels every day. 被动：English novels are read by her every day. (2) 谓语变被动结构：动词改为 “be + 过去分词”。 (3) 主语变 by 宾语：主动句主语→by + 宾语（可省略）。 拓展：被动语态的特殊结构 (1) 含双宾语的被动语态： 间接宾语（人）变主语：She gave me a book. → I was given a book (by her). 直接宾语（物）变主语：A book was given to me (by her).（需加介词 to/for） (2) 含复合宾语的被动语态： 宾语补足语保留：They elected him monitor. → He was elected monitor (by them).（monitor 为主语补足语） 4. 主动表被动的特殊情况 (1) 主语特征动词：write, wash, sell 等（主语为物，表属性）。 例句：This kind of pen writes smoothly and sells well in the market.（这种笔书写流畅，在市场上很畅销。） (2) 感官系动词：look, feel, smell 等（表主语状态）。 例句：The cake smells delicious and tastes even better than it looks.（蛋糕闻起来香，尝起来比看起来更好吃。） (3) need/want /require + 动名词：表 “需要被做”，动名词主动形式表被动意义。 例句：The room needs cleaning badly, so we should do it right now.（房间急需打扫，我们应该马上做。） (4) be worth doing（值得被做） 例句：The movie is worth watching because of its meaningful story.（这部电影因有意义的故事值得一看。） 考点八：易混时态对比 1. 一般过去时 vs. 现在完成时 时态 侧重点 时间标志词 例句 一般过去时 过去某时的动作 / 状态 yesterday, last week He bought a car in 2020 and sold it last month. 现在完成时 过去动作对现在的影响 for, since, already He has had the car for 3 years and still drives it now. 2. 过去进行时 vs. 一般过去时 时态 动作特点 例句 过去进行时 过去某时刻正在进行的动作 When I called him, he was having a meeting. 一般过去时 过去某时刻完成的动作 He had a meeting yesterday and discussed the plan. 3. 一般将来时 vs. 现在进行时表将来 时态 用法区别 例句 一般将来时 计划 / 意愿或预测 They will go to the party tomorrow. 现在进行时 按计划即将发生的动作 She is leaving for Shanghai next week. 小试牛刀 1．—The horse-face skirt is popular. It puts together modernity and tradition naturally. —Yeah! It shows that traditional beauty should ________ by Chinese people today. A．value B．be valued C．valued 2．—Have you heard about it? The newly opened hotpot restaurant ________ yesterday due to noise. —Is that so? It’s really a pity. I was planning to try it. A．closes B．is closed C．was closed D．has closed 3．From March 3rd until April 15th, 12 river dolphins ________ one after another in Dongting Lake in Hunan Province’s Yueyang City. A．death B．died C．dead 4．Frank isn’t very friendly to others. As a result, all my classmates except him ________ Christmas presents from one another. A．have got B．has got C．gets D．were getting 5．—The ancient camphor tree (樟树) ________ proudly at Xujia Village in Fuzhou for over 100 years. —True! About 10,000 ancient trees across Fuzhou are protected now. A．has stood B．is standing C．will stand 6．—Why is the new AI program called YangBOT popular in China? —Well, it ________ traditional Chinese culture with modern technology. A．mixes B．mixed C．will mix D．is mixing 7．We ______ different plants on the school farm as volunteers every week. Come and join us! A．care for B．will care for C．are caring for D．have cared for 8．The man told us that this computer was an old kind and it ________ the U.S. last century. A．is made in B．was made of C．was made in 9．Beautiful pictures and videos of space ________ back to Earth by the astronauts. A．send B．sent C．is sent D．are sent 10．It is believed that this environmental problem ________ great damage to people’s health if ________ with in time. A．has caused; not dealing B．will cause; not dealing C．has caused; not dealt D．will cause; not dealt 11．As a teenager, we are supposed to think of our parents as our ________ friends. Also, our doors of the minds can’t be ________ to them. A．close; closed B．closed; close C．closed; closed 12．Julius Caesar ________ that someone wanted to kill him and he should not speak in public. A．was warned B．warned C．was asked D．told 13．—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 14．As bright symbols of happiness and good wishes, sky lanterns, made of bamboo and paper, ________ by Zhuge Kongming. A．was invented B．were invented C．invented 15．—It is reported that two-thirds of the water in this village ________ polluted. —Yeah, I know. Although every means ________ tried to solve the problem, all turn out to be useless. A．are; have been B．is; have been C．is; has been D．are; has been 16．45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene. A．harvests B．harvested C．is harvested D．was harvested 17．In the 2025 China Medical Development Conference, experts discussed how AI ________ to improve medical research and patient care. A．can be used B．uses C．is using 18．— Do you know how DeepSeek gets so smart? —Yes. It has a strong ability and ________ by training on lots of information. A．develops B．is developed C．was developed D．developed 19．— At the beginning of 2025, five Pakistani astronauts ________ to receive training in China. —I know! And one of them may be the first foreign visitor to enter China’s space station. A．choose B．chose C．are chosen D．were chosen 20．—All the rubbish there ________ by the time I arrived. —Well, if you had got up earlier that day, you ________ with the work. A．was collected; could help B．had been collected; could have helped C．was collected; could have helped D．had been collected; could help 21．In the interview, Fan Zhendong said, “If the opponent (对手) performs brilliantly, I ________ for him and in the next round, I will play harder.” A．will cheer B．cheered C．have cheered D．cheer 22．The purple cup project in California, US has received wide attention ________ its start on Aug 1st. It aims to stop the use of disposable (一次性) cups. A．unless B．until C．since 23．The president of the company ________ the mail because the office assistant who usually ________ is at home in bed with the flu. A．is sorting; sort it B．sorts; sort them C．sorting; sorts them D．is sorting; sorts it 24．—Jiaozi—the director of the movie Na Zha-Birth of the Demon Child ________ on cartoon movies since he graduated from university. —Yes, he uses his actions and success to show “I control my destiny not the heavens”. A．has worked B．is working C．worked 25．—I have a toothache. I even have difficulty ________ food. —Put some ice on your face tonight. If it still ________ tomorrow, please see a dentist. A．eating; will hurt B．eat; hurts C．eat; will hurt D．eating; hurts 26．I didn’t know that wheat ________ in that small African country as the main crop. What’s more, it’s said that wheat _______ well in that climate. A．grew, is grown B．is grown, is grown C．had grown, grows D．was grown, grows 27．By 6 p.m. that day, the young deliveryman _________ nearly 200 packages in the city. A．has delivered B．had delivered C．delivered D．was delivering 28．If you ________ us for the hiking trip next weekend, you ________ beautiful views and get unforgettable memories. A．will join; enjoy B．join; will enjoy C．will join; will enjoy 29．Do you know about the Gansu Tianshui spicy hot pot (天水麻辣烫)? Because in last week, I ________ a thing that ________ in my home. A．order; located B．ordered; located C．to order; located D．ordering; location 30．—I heard some strange noise from your room yesterday afternoon. Was everything OK? —Sure. I ________, preparing to show myself at the welcoming party for the new foreign teacher. A．dance B．am dancing C．will dance D．was dancing 31．—Hey, Lily! You look so energetic now. —Yeah! I started my weight-management journey last year. All my efforts ______ off. I feel so much better now. A．are paying B．will pay C．pay D．have paid 32．—The old soldier ________ over 3,000,000 yuan to help poor children with their education over these years. —I think he is really the hero. A．donates B．was donating C．has donated D．will donate 33．—The movie tickets were free, but when Jenny saw the long line, she ________ to wait. —She remembered the last time she stood in line for hours just to be told “sold out”. A．agreed B．refused C．hurried D．offered 34．When I walked past the playground, Class 1 ________. But later, students told me that they lost ________ only 2 points. A．had won; at B．were winning; by C．had won; by D．were winning; at 35．On May Day holiday, many places have ________with many people, especially in Nanjing, Purple Mountain and Xinjiekou Street. A．rushed B．rush C．to rush D．to be done rushed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 动词的时态与语态专题 目录 考点集锦 1 考点一：一般过去时 1 考点二：过去进行时 2 考点三：一般现在时 3 考点四：现在进行时 3 考点五：现在完成时 4 考点六：一般将来时 5 考点七：被动语态 6 考点八：易混时态对比 9 小试牛刀 10 考点集锦 考点一：一般过去时 1. 构成：动词过去式（-ed 形式）或不规则变化 2. 用法：聚焦 “过去时间点”，与现在无关联，强调动作已结束。 (1) 过去特定时间动作 / 状态：表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或存在的状态。 例句：She bought a new dress yesterday afternoon when she went shopping with her friends.（她昨天下午和朋友逛街时买了一条新裙子。） (2) 过去习惯性动作：表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。 例句：When I was a child, I played football every weekend with my neighbors in the park.（小时候，我每个周末都和邻居在公园踢足球。） 3. 拓展用法： (1) 虚拟语气中的过去时：用于委婉请求（Could you help me?）或假设（If I had time, I would go.）。 (2) 固定句式：It’s time + 过去时（该做某事了） 例句：It’s time we left for the airport, or we’ll miss the flight.（我们该去机场了，否则赶不上飞机。） 4. 时间标志词：yesterday, last night, ago, in 2020, the other day 等 2024 年辽宁沈阳中考真题：Where ____ you ____ lunch? At home. There was no school lunch. A. did; have B. are; having C. will; have D. do; have 答案：A。解析：根据答语可知，询问的是过去在哪里吃午饭，应用一般过去时。 考点二：过去进行时 1. 构成：was/were + 现在分词（-ing） 2. 用法：表示过去某一时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作。(与一般过去时的 “点动作” 不同，强调 “段动作的延续性”。) 例句：At 8:00 pm yesterday, I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen.（昨晚 8 点，我在做作业，而妈妈在厨房做晚饭。） 3. 典型场景： (1) 动作打断：过去进行时（背景）+ 一般过去时（打断动作） 例句：She was reading a book when the doorbell rang.（她正在看书时，门铃响了。） (2) 同时进行：两个过去进行时动作同时发生（用 while 连接） 例句：They were dancing while we were singing at the party last night.（昨晚派对上他们在跳舞，我们在唱歌。） 4. 时间标志词：at that time, when, while, from 2-4 pm yesterday 等 2024 年湖北襄樊中考真题：I went to see you yesterday evening. But you weren’t in. Where were you then? I _ _ a walk by the lake with my husband. A. was having B. am having C. have had D. have 答案：A。解析：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。 2024 年安徽中考真题：Why didn’t you go to the cinema with us this afternoon? I ____ at the station for my uncle from Beijing. A. was waiting B. have waited C. am waiting D. will wait 答案：A。解析：上句提供过去的语言环境，所以下句要用过去进行时表示当时正在等叔叔。 2024 年河北中考真题：I ________ my clothes, and the phone rang. A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing 答案：D。解析：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。 考点三：一般现在时 1. 构成：动词原形（主语非三单）/ 第三人称单数（主语三单） 2. 用法： (1) 习惯性动作：表示经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 例句：He goes to school by bike every day and likes to listen to music on the way.（他每天骑自行车上学，喜欢在路上听音乐。） (2) 客观事实 / 真理：表示普遍成立的事实或科学真理。 例句：The earth moves around the sun, and light travels faster than sound.（地球绕太阳转，光比声音传播得快。） 3. 时间标志词：always, usually, often, every day, sometimes 等 2024 年黑龙江绥化中考真题：In China, a number of birthday persons ________ cakes with candles. The number of candles ________ the person’s age. A. has; is B. eats; are C. eat; is 答案：C。解析：“a number of + 复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用复数，所以第一空用 eat；“the number of + 名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以第二空用 is。 考点四：现在进行时 1. 构成：am/is/are + 现在分词（-ing） 2. 用法： (1) 正在进行的动作：表示说话时正在进行的动作。 例句：Look! The students are playing basketball on the playground and laughing loudly.（看！学生们正在操场上打篮球，大声笑着。） (2) 现阶段持续动作：表示当前一段时间内持续进行的动作（未必此刻正在做）。 例句：She is learning French this term and hopes to visit Paris next year.（她这学期在学法语，希望明年去巴黎。） (3) 表达按计划即将发生的动作：当涉及未来的安排，尤其是近期已经确定好的计划时，会用到现在进行时。通常会有具体的时间状语来表明未来的时间。 例句：We are leaving for Paris tomorrow.（我们明天要去巴黎。） (4) 用于表达重复出现的动作，带有某种感情色彩：当现在进行时与 “always”“constantly” 等频率副词连用时，往往带有抱怨、赞扬等情绪。 例句：She is always complaining about her workload.（她总是抱怨工作任务重。）（抱怨） 3. 时间标志词：now, look, listen, at present 等 2024 年湖北襄樊中考真题：I ____ the Great Wall next week. Have a good trip. A. visit B. visited C. am visiting D. have visited 答案：C。解析：next week 是将来时的时间状语，现在进行时可表将来，表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作。 考点五：现在完成时 1. 构成：have/has + 过去分词（-ed / 不规则） 2. 用法： (1) 影响性完成：动作结束，但结果影响现在 例句：I have locked the door, so we don’t need to worry about safety.（我锁门了，所以不用担心安全问题。） (2) 持续性完成：动作从过去延续到现在（需用延续性动词） 误：He has come here for 3 days.（×） 正：He has been here for 3 days.（√）（come→短暂性，be→延续性） (3) 经历性完成：表过去经历（ever/never） 例句：Have you ever been to the Great Wall? Yes, I have been there twice.（你去过长城吗？是的，我去过两次。） 3. 时间标志词：already, yet, for, since, so far, ever, never 等 2024 年辽宁沈阳中考真题：Have you ____ joined in a dragon boat race? Yes, I have. A. never B. still C. seldom D. ever 答案：D。解析：ever 表示 “曾经”，用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中，符合语境。 2024 年河北中考真题：My brother left school in 2024, and since then he ________ in Beijing. A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived 答案：D。解析：since 是现在完成时的标志，其结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”。 2024 年江苏连云港中考真题：As a Chinese traditional martial art (武术), Taijiquan _________ to more than 150 countries all over the world so far. A. spread B. spreads C. will spread D. has spread 答案：D。解析：根据 “so far” 可知，时态是现在完成时。 考点六：一般将来时 1. 构成： will/shall + 动词原形（shall 仅用于第一人称） am/is/are going to + 动词原形（表计划、打算或迹象预测） 2. 用法： (1) 未来计划 / 意愿：表示主观打算或客观将来的动作。 例句：They will go to the cinema tomorrow evening and watch the latest superhero movie.（他们明晚要去电影院看最新的超级英雄电影。） (2) 迹象预测：根据迹象判断即将发生的事。 例句：Look at the clouds! It is going to rain, so we should take umbrellas with us.（看云！要下雨了，我们应该带伞。） 3. 时间标志词：tomorrow, next week, in 2 days, soon 等 4. 时态中的 “主将从现” 原则 (1) 适用场景：时间状语从句（when, as soon as）和条件状语从句（if, unless） (2) 规则：主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来 例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive in London.（我一到伦敦就给你打电话。） 误：I will call you as soon as I will arrive.（×） 5. 四种表达方式对比： 结构 含义及例句 will + V 原 单纯将来（临时决定）：I think I will take a taxi. be going to + V 原 计划 / 迹象预测：Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. be doing（现在进行时） 按计划发生（仅限少数动词：go, come, leave 等）：She is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. be to + V 原 正式计划 / 义务：The meeting is to be held at 9:00 am. 2024 年黑龙江绥化中考真题：He ________ much healthier if he ________ enough exercise in his free time. A. is; take B. will be; takes C. will be; take 答案：B。解析：if 引导的条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。从句主语是 he，动词用三单形式。 考点七：被动语态 1. 构成 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 The classroom is cleaned by students every morning. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 The bridge was built in 2010 and is still used today. 一般将来时 will/shall be + 过去分词 /am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 The new library will be opened next month and will welcome all visitors. 现在进行时 am/is/are being + 过去分词 A new road is being built near our school and will be finished next year. 过去进行时 was/were being + 过去分词 The house was being painted when I arrived yesterday. 现在完成时 have/has been + 过去分词 The project has been completed ahead of schedule and wins praise from others. 2024 年辽宁沈阳中考真题：Tomorrow there’s a programme about our school on TV, then it ____ by millions of people. A. will see B. saw C. will be seen D. was seen 答案：C。解析：根据句意，电视节目将被数百万人看到，应用一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年湖北襄樊中考真题：What a clean and bright classroom, isn’t it? Yes, it’s always clean and bright because it ____ every day. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 答案：C。解析：教室每天被打扫，用一般现在时的被动语态。 2024 年安徽中考真题：The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ____ this July. Don’t miss it. A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held 答案：D。解析：2024 年巴黎奥运会将于今年 7 月举行，主语和动词 hold 之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年安徽中考真题：Are you going to the party? No, because I ____. A. have asked B. haven’t asked C. have been asked D. haven’t been asked 答案：D。解析：回答不去参加晚会是因为 “我没有被邀请”，用现在完成时的被动语态的否定式。 2024 年甘肃省临夏州中考真题：Many trees ________ every year to protect the environment. A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted 答案：B。解析：主语 trees 和动词 plant 之间是被动关系，结合 “every year” 可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。 2024 年四川乐山中考真题：There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. This problem ________ in the future. A. will solve B. will be solved C. is solved D. solved 答案：B。解析：主语 “this problem” 与 “解决” 之间是被动关系，且结合 “in the future” 可知是一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年四川泸州市中考真题：Tom, the high - speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully. A. completes B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed 答案：D。解析：主语与动词 complete 之间是动宾关系，且根据 “this year hopefully” 可知是一般将来时的被动语态。 2024 年天津中考真题：Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A. names B. named C. was named D. has named 答案：C。解析：主语 he 和谓语 name 之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。 2. 用法 (1) 不知 / 不必提执行者：强调动作承受者，无需知道谁执行。 例句：The window was broken last night, but no one knows who did it.（窗户昨晚被打破了，但没人知道是谁干的。） (2) 突出承受者：强调动作对象而非执行者。 例句：Many trees are planted in spring every year to protect the environment.（每年春天种很多树来保护环境。） 拓展：不能用于被动语态的情况 (1) 不及物动词：happen, occur, belong, agree 等 误：The accident was happened yesterday.（×） 正：The accident happened yesterday.（√） (2) 静态动词：have（有）, cost, weigh 等 误：The book is cost 20 yuan.（×） 正：The book costs 20 yuan.（√） 2024 年河北中考真题：Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 答案：C。解析：被动语态，“be known to be” 表示 “被认为是”。 2024 年四川达州市中考真题：Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. A. clean B. be cleaned C. is cleaned 答案：B。解析：含情态动词的被动语态，“must be + 过去分词”。 2024 年四川凉山中考真题：Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays. A. is celebrated B. was celebrated C. will be celebrated 答案：A。解析：根据 “nowadays” 可知，用一般现在时，主语与动词 celebrate 之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。 3. 主动语态变被动语态步骤 (1) 宾语变主语：主动句宾语→被动句主语。 主动：She reads English novels every day. 被动：English novels are read by her every day. (2) 谓语变被动结构：动词改为 “be + 过去分词”。 (3) 主语变 by 宾语：主动句主语→by + 宾语（可省略）。 拓展：被动语态的特殊结构 (1) 含双宾语的被动语态： 间接宾语（人）变主语：She gave me a book. → I was given a book (by her). 直接宾语（物）变主语：A book was given to me (by her).（需加介词 to/for） (2) 含复合宾语的被动语态： 宾语补足语保留：They elected him monitor. → He was elected monitor (by them).（monitor 为主语补足语） 4. 主动表被动的特殊情况 (1) 主语特征动词：write, wash, sell 等（主语为物，表属性）。 例句：This kind of pen writes smoothly and sells well in the market.（这种笔书写流畅，在市场上很畅销。） (2) 感官系动词：look, feel, smell 等（表主语状态）。 例句：The cake smells delicious and tastes even better than it looks.（蛋糕闻起来香，尝起来比看起来更好吃。） (3) need/want /require + 动名词：表 “需要被做”，动名词主动形式表被动意义。 例句：The room needs cleaning badly, so we should do it right now.（房间急需打扫，我们应该马上做。） (4) be worth doing（值得被做） 例句：The movie is worth watching because of its meaningful story.（这部电影因有意义的故事值得一看。） 考点八：易混时态对比 1. 一般过去时 vs. 现在完成时 时态 侧重点 时间标志词 例句 一般过去时 过去某时的动作 / 状态 yesterday, last week He bought a car in 2020 and sold it last month. 现在完成时 过去动作对现在的影响 for, since, already He has had the car for 3 years and still drives it now. 2. 过去进行时 vs. 一般过去时 时态 动作特点 例句 过去进行时 过去某时刻正在进行的动作 When I called him, he was having a meeting. 一般过去时 过去某时刻完成的动作 He had a meeting yesterday and discussed the plan. 3. 一般将来时 vs. 现在进行时表将来 时态 用法区别 例句 一般将来时 计划 / 意愿或预测 They will go to the party tomorrow. 现在进行时 按计划即将发生的动作 She is leaving for Shanghai next week. 小试牛刀 1．—The horse-face skirt is popular. It puts together modernity and tradition naturally. —Yeah! It shows that traditional beauty should ________ by Chinese people today. A．value B．be valued C．valued 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——马面裙很流行。它将现代与传统自然地结合在一起。——是啊。这表明传统美应该受到今天中国人的重视。 考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语“traditional beauty”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，B项符合。故选B。 2．—Have you heard about it? The newly opened hotpot restaurant ________ yesterday due to noise. —Is that so? It’s really a pity. I was planning to try it. A．closes B．is closed C．was closed D．has closed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听说了吗？那家新开的火锅店昨天因为噪音问题被关闭了。——真的吗？太可惜了。我本来打算去尝尝的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语“The newly opened hotpot restaurant”与谓语动词“close”之间是被动关系，即火锅店是“被关闭”的，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语“The newly opened hotpot restaurant”是单数，be动词用was，close的过去分词是closed。故选C。 3．From March 3rd until April 15th, 12 river dolphins ________ one after another in Dongting Lake in Hunan Province’s Yueyang City. A．death B．died C．dead 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从3月3日至4月15日，湖南岳阳洞庭湖连续有12头河豚相继死亡。 考查动词。death死亡，名词；died死亡，动词；dead死的，形容词。根据“12 river dolphins...one after another in Dongting Lake in Hunan Province’s Yueyang City.”可知，此处缺少谓语动词，结合语境，该句时态为一般过去时。故选B。 4．Frank isn’t very friendly to others. As a result, all my classmates except him ________ Christmas presents from one another. A．have got B．has got C．gets D．were getting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：弗兰克对别人不太友好。因此，除了他之外，我所有的同学都收到了彼此送的圣诞礼物。 考查主谓一致以及现在完成时的用法。根据“all my classmates（我的所有同学，复数概念）”以及句子语境可知，这里表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，要用现在完成时，且主语不是第三人称单数，所以要用have got。故选A。 5．—The ancient camphor tree (樟树) ________ proudly at Xujia Village in Fuzhou for over 100 years. —True! About 10,000 ancient trees across Fuzhou are protected now. A．has stood B．is standing C．will stand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这棵古老的樟树在福州徐家村骄傲地矗立了100多年。——没错！目前，福州约有10000棵古树受到保护。 考查时态。根据“for over 100 years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语动词结构为have/has done。故选A。 6．—Why is the new AI program called YangBOT popular in China? —Well, it ________ traditional Chinese culture with modern technology. A．mixes B．mixed C．will mix D．is mixing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为什么新的人工智能节目《秧BOT》在中国很受欢迎？——嗯，它融合了中国传统文化和现代科技。 考查动词的时态。根据“Well, it…traditional Chinese culture with modern technology.”可知，此处表示事实，句子时态为一般现在时，A项符合。故选A。 7．We ______ different plants on the school farm as volunteers every week. Come and join us! A．care for B．will care for C．are caring for D．have cared for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们每周作为志愿者在学校农场照料不同的植物。来加入我们吧！ 考查时态。根据“every week”可知，此处表示经常重复性的动作，用一般现在时。故选A。 8．The man told us that this computer was an old kind and it ________ the U.S. last century. A．is made in B．was made of C．was made in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个人告诉我们，这台电脑是一台老式的，是上世纪美国制造的。 考查一般过去时和动词短语。is made in在某地制造，一般现在时；was made of由……制成，一般过去时；was made in在某地制造，一般过去时。根据时间状语“last century”可知，此句为一般过去时，空格后“U.S.”是地点，可知在美国制造，用“was made in”短语。故选C。 9．Beautiful pictures and videos of space ________ back to Earth by the astronauts. A．send B．sent C．is sent D．are sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：美丽的太空图片和视频由宇航员发回地球。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“pictures and videos”和谓语动词send是被动关系，选项中“be done”结构为一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，be动词应用are。故选D。 10．It is believed that this environmental problem ________ great damage to people’s health if ________ with in time. A．has caused; not dealing B．will cause; not dealing C．has caused; not dealt D．will cause; not dealt 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们相信，如果不及时处理这一环境问题，将对人们的健康造成巨大的损害。 考查时态和语态。根据“this environmental problem ... great damage to people’s health if ... with in time”可知，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，结构为will do，排除AC选项；再根据语境，环境问题是“被处理”，故应用过去分词表被动；主从句主语是一致的，此处从句省略了主谓部分。故选D。 11．As a teenager, we are supposed to think of our parents as our ________ friends. Also, our doors of the minds can’t be ________ to them. A．close; closed B．closed; close C．closed; closed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：作为青少年，我们应该把父母当作亲密的朋友。同样，我们的思想之门也不能对他们关闭。 考查close的用法。close作动词讲，表示“关闭”；作形容词讲，表示“亲密的”。根据“think of our parents as our... friends”可知，第一空是作定语修饰名词friends，所以用形容词close“亲密的”；第二空主语是our doors of the minds，与close“关闭”之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，空处用close的过去分词closed。故选A。 12．Julius Caesar ________ that someone wanted to kill him and he should not speak in public. A．was warned B．warned C．was asked D．told 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尤利乌斯·凯撒被警告有人想要杀他，他不应该在公开场合讲话。 考查被动语态。warned警告；asked要求；told告诉。分析句子结构可知，凯撒是被动地接收到这个警告，因此需要用被动语态，根据“someone wanted to kill him and he should not speak in public.”可知，此处指的是“被警告”，故选A。 13．—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——太可惜了！像你这样的乐迷没有去南通音乐节。——我知道这是几周前举行的。但我是出差。 考查时态和语态。主语it指代“南通音乐节”，和谓语hold“举办”之间是被动关系，根据“several weeks ago”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。 14．As bright symbols of happiness and good wishes, sky lanterns, made of bamboo and paper, ________ by Zhuge Kongming. A．was invented B．were invented C．invented 【答案】B 【详解】句意：作为幸福和美好祝愿的美好象征，由竹子和纸制成的天灯是诸葛孔明发明的。 考查被动语态。根据选项可知，本句主语“sky lanterns”与谓语动词invent构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态“be done”结构表达，结合“孔明灯发明是过去的事情”且主语为复数形式，所以be动词用were。故选B。 15．—It is reported that two-thirds of the water in this village ________ polluted. —Yeah, I know. Although every means ________ tried to solve the problem, all turn out to be useless. A．are; have been B．is; have been C．is; has been D．are; has been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——据报道，这个村庄三分之二的水受到污染。——是的，我知道。尽管已经尝试了各种方法来解决这个问题，但结果都无济于事。 考查动词。第一空，分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于分数后面的名词，water是不可数名词，be动词用is；第二空，every means‌作为主语时，谓语动词应该使用单数形式，助动词用has。故选C。 16．45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene. A．harvests B．harvested C．is harvested D．was harvested 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上个月，高淳区小麦顺利收获4.5万亩，形成了一片繁忙的收获景象。 考查被动语态。根据“last month”可知，此句是一般过去时，主语“45,000 mu of wheat”与动词harvest之间是被动关系，此处用一般过去时被动语态，故选D。 17．In the 2025 China Medical Development Conference, experts discussed how AI ________ to improve medical research and patient care. A．can be used B．uses C．is using 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在2025年中国医疗大会上，专家谈论AI如何能被用来改进医疗研究和病人护理。 考查情态动词的被动语态。can be used能被用来，被动语态；uses使用，一般现在时态；is using正使用，现在进行时态。根据“AI ... to improve”可知，主语与谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选A。 18．— Do you know how DeepSeek gets so smart? —Yes. It has a strong ability and ________ by training on lots of information. A．develops B．is developed C．was developed D．developed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道DeepSeek为何如此智能吗？ ——是的。它有很强的能力，并且通过大量信息训练被开发。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“It has a strong ability and...by training on lots of information.”可知，主语“It”与“开发”之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时态的被动语态，be动词用is。故选B。 19．— At the beginning of 2025, five Pakistani astronauts ________ to receive training in China. —I know! And one of them may be the first foreign visitor to enter China’s space station. A．choose B．chose C．are chosen D．were chosen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——2025年初，五名巴基斯坦宇航员被选在中国接受培训。——我知道！其中一人可能成为首位进入中国空间站的外国访客。 考查被动语态。主语five Pakistani astronauts和动词choose是被动关系，结合“At the beginning of 2025”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done）。故选D。 20．—All the rubbish there ________ by the time I arrived. —Well, if you had got up earlier that day, you ________ with the work. A．was collected; could help B．had been collected; could have helped C．was collected; could have helped D．had been collected; could help 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——当我到达时，那里所有的垃圾都已经被收集起来了。——嗯，如果你那天起得早一点，你就可以帮忙做工作了。 考查动词时态。第一空动作发生在“我到达”之前，使用过去完成时态，结构为had done，因此第一空用“had been collected”；第二句表示条件虚拟，与过去事实相反，所以使用“could have helped”表示“你本来可以帮忙的”。故选B。 21．In the interview, Fan Zhendong said, “If the opponent (对手) performs brilliantly, I ________ for him and in the next round, I will play harder.” A．will cheer B．cheered C．have cheered D．cheer 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在采访中，樊振东说道：“如果对手表现出色，我会为他喝彩，而在下一轮比赛中，我会更加努力地去打。” 考查动词时态。if引导的条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”，因此此空需用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形。故选A。 22．The purple cup project in California, US has received wide attention ________ its start on Aug 1st. It aims to stop the use of disposable (一次性) cups. A．unless B．until C．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从8月1日启动以来，美国加利福尼亚州的紫色杯子项目引起了广泛关注。它的目的是停止使用一次性杯子。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；until直到；since自从。根据“The purple cup project in California, US has received wide attention…its start on Aug 1st.”以及结合句中现在完成时“has received”可知，此处要用since引导时间状语从句。故选C。 23．The president of the company ________ the mail because the office assistant who usually ________ is at home in bed with the flu. A．is sorting; sort it B．sorts; sort them C．sorting; sorts them D．is sorting; sorts it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：公司总裁正在整理那个邮件，因为通常整理邮件的助理因流感而躺在家里。 考查动词时态及代词辨析。it它；them他们。根据语境可知，主句应用现在进行时态，主句中主语“The president”为第三人称单数，第一设空处动词应为“is+动词的现在分词”形式，即“is sorting”。根据“the office assistant who usually...”可知，从句的时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，第二设空处动词也应用其一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，即“sorts ”；主句中“the mail”为单数，第二设空处代词也应用单数形式“it”。故选D。 24．—Jiaozi—the director of the movie Na Zha-Birth of the Demon Child ________ on cartoon movies since he graduated from university. —Yes, he uses his actions and success to show “I control my destiny not the heavens”. A．has worked B．is working C．worked 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——饺子，电影《哪吒之魔童降世》的导演，自从大学毕业以来一直在从事动画电影的工作。——是的，他用他的行动和成功证明了“我命由我不由天”。 考查现在完成时的用法。根据“since he graduated from university”可知表示从过去某一时间点持续到现在的动作，应该使用现在完成时“has worked”来表示这一持续的动作。故选A。 25．—I have a toothache. I even have difficulty ________ food. —Put some ice on your face tonight. If it still ________ tomorrow, please see a dentist. A．eating; will hurt B．eat; hurts C．eat; will hurt D．eating; hurts 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我牙疼，甚至吃东西都有困难。——今晚在脸上放些冰。如果明天仍然疼痛，请去看牙医。 考查非谓语动词和动词时态。have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”；此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句是祈使句，第二空在从句中，需用一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单形式。故选D。 26．I didn’t know that wheat ________ in that small African country as the main crop. What’s more, it’s said that wheat _______ well in that climate. A．grew, is grown B．is grown, is grown C．had grown, grows D．was grown, grows 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不知道小麦在那个非洲小国作为主要作物种植。而且，据说小麦在那种气候下生长得很好。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“I didn’t know...”可知，第一个空需要填入一个动词的过去式，表示过去的事实，且wheat与grow是动宾关系，用被动语态；第二个空需要填入一个动词的现在时态，表示一种普遍的现象，因此“grows”是正确的。故选D。 27．By 6 p.m. that day, the young deliveryman _________ nearly 200 packages in the city. A．has delivered B．had delivered C．delivered D．was delivering 【答案】B 【详解】句意：到那天下午6点，这位年轻的快递员已经在这个城市投递了近200个包裹。 考查过去完成时。has delivered现在完成时；had delivered过去完成时；delivered一般过去时；was delivering过去进行时。由 “By 6 p.m. that day,”可知，那一天已经是过去了，而送快递这件事发生在过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时“had+done”，故选B。 28．If you ________ us for the hiking trip next weekend, you ________ beautiful views and get unforgettable memories. A．will join; enjoy B．join; will enjoy C．will join; will enjoy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你加入我们下周末的徒步旅行，你将会欣赏到美丽的风景并收获难忘的回忆。 考查条件状语从句的时态。根据“If you...”和语境可知，此处为“if”引导的条件句，此时句子时态应遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句用一般将来时（will + 动词原形），从句用一般现在时表将来。故选B。 29．Do you know about the Gansu Tianshui spicy hot pot (天水麻辣烫)? Because in last week, I ________ a thing that ________ in my home. A．order; located B．ordered; located C．to order; located D．ordering; location 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你知道甘肃天水的麻辣烫吗？因为上周, 我订购了位于我家附近的一种食物。 考查动词的用法。根据“in last week”，表示过去的时间，时态应该是一般过去时。order的过去式ordered，第一空用ordered；根据“… a thing that…”定语从句，可知。第二空是“located”在定语从句中作谓语动词。故选B。 30．—I heard some strange noise from your room yesterday afternoon. Was everything OK? —Sure. I ________, preparing to show myself at the welcoming party for the new foreign teacher. A．dance B．am dancing C．will dance D．was dancing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我昨天下午听到从你房间传来一些奇怪的声音。一切都还好吗？——当然。我当时在跳舞，为在新外教的欢迎派对上展示自己做准备。 考查时态辨析。根据“yesterday afternoon”和语境可知是过去的时间，且表示昨天下午那个时间正在跳舞，应用过去进行时。故选D。 31．—Hey, Lily! You look so energetic now. —Yeah! I started my weight-management journey last year. All my efforts ______ off. I feel so much better now. A．are paying B．will pay C．pay D．have paid 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嘿，莉莉！你现在看起来精力充沛。——耶！去年我开始了我的体重管理之旅。我所有的努力都得到了回报。我现在感觉好多了。 考查时态。pay支付，pay off得到回报。根据“I feel so much better now.”可知，我现在感觉好多了，因此表示我的体重管理已经得到了回报，因此用现在完成时，故选D。 32．—The old soldier ________ over 3,000,000 yuan to help poor children with their education over these years. —I think he is really the hero. A．donates B．was donating C．has donated D．will donate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这些年来，这位老战士已经捐赠了300多万元来帮助贫困儿童接受教育。——我觉得他真的是英雄。 考查时态。根据“over these years”可知，从过去到现在老战士一直在捐赠，需用现在完成时“have/has done”。故选C。 33．—The movie tickets were free, but when Jenny saw the long line, she ________ to wait. —She remembered the last time she stood in line for hours just to be told “sold out”. A．agreed B．refused C．hurried D．offered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——电影票是免费的，但当Jenny看到排着长队时，她拒绝等待。——她记得上次排队几小时却被告知“票已售罄”的经历。 考查动词辨析。agreed同意；refused拒绝；hurried匆忙；offered主动提出。根据后文“just to be told ‘sold out’”的提示，说明Jenny不愿再次经历这种徒劳的等待，应该是拒绝等待。故选B。 34．When I walked past the playground, Class 1 ________. But later, students told me that they lost ________ only 2 points. A．had won; at B．were winning; by C．had won; by D．were winning; at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我走过操场时，一班赢了。但后来，学生们告诉我，他们只输了两分。 考查时态及介词。根据“When I walked past the playground”可知，第一空使用过去进行时表达过去某个时间段正在进行的动作，因此选“were winning”；lose by“以……输掉比赛：在比赛中以某个分数或差距输掉比赛”。故选B。 35．On May Day holiday, many places have ________with many people, especially in Nanjing, Purple Mountain and Xinjiekou Street. A．rushed B．rush C．to rush D．to be done rushed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在五一假期期间, 许多地方都挤满了人, 特别是在南京的紫金山和新街口大街。 考查动词形式辨析。rushed过去式和过去分词；rush动词原形；to rush动词不定式；to be done rushed表述错误。根据have可知句子应该用现在完成时, 空处用过去分词。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$