衔接点04 被动语态（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（上海专用）

衔接点04 被动语态（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段主要学习被动语态的基本结构，即“be + 过去分词”。初中阶段通常只涉及到一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时的被动语态形式及含情态动词的被动语态。 高中阶段，除了掌握基本结构外，学生还需要理解被动语态在不同时态中的使用。此外，学生需要掌握所有基本时态的被动语态形式，包括现在进行时、过去进行时及get +done等也可表示被动。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中被动语态考点聚焦】 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned every day. 一般过去时 was/were+done The kite was made by him. 一般将来时 will/shall be+done 或者am/is/are + going to be +done Trees will be planted tomorrow. 含有情态动词 情态动词+be+done Anything here can't be touched. 1．—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 2．When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books. A．use B．is used C．used D．was used 3．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 4．To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year. A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 5.A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they　　　to make their own decisions.  A.should allow　　 B.shouldn’t allow C.should be allowed　 D.shouldn’t be allowed 【高中被动语态考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中英语：除了掌握基本结构外，学生还需要理解被动语态在不同时态中的使用。需要掌握所有基本时态的被动语态形式，包括现在进行时、过去进行时、过去完成时等。 考点清单 动词语态梳理 1、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下： 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done 被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。 In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut. 在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。 With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 易错警示 (1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong to属于；take part in参加。 (2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；date from/back to追溯到；run out用完。 2、get构成的表示被动的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。 We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 3、主动形式表示被动意义 （1）．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。 （2）．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为此错误接受谴责？ The house is to let. 此房出租。 （3）．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well. 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。 （4）．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。 4、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 如：我们在三天之内能完成工作。 We can finish the work in three days. The work can be finished by us in three days. 你应该把你的书收好。 You ought to put your books away. Your books ought to be put away. 高中语态主要学习 · 一. 现在进行时的被动语态 （高中重点） 进行时的被动语态的谓语部分与一般时的被动语态谓语部分不同，应为“be+being+过去分词（将主动语态中的现在分词改为过去分词）”。be动词要随着新主语的人称、数变化，时态跟主动句保持一致，采用现在进行时。 主动句：The teacher is telling Snow White now.老师正在讲《白雪公主》。 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 被动句： （肯定句）Snow White is being told (by the teacher) now.《白雪公主》正被（老师）讲。 主语 谓语 by+执行者 状语 （否定句）Snow White isn’t being told now. （疑问句）A:Is Snow White being told now? B:Yes,it is./No,it isn’t. · 二. 过去进行时的被动语态 （高中重点） 主动句：The teacher was telling Snow White when I got there. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 当我到那里时，老师正在讲《白雪公主》。 被动句： （肯定句）Snow White was being told (by the teacher) when I got there. 主语 谓语 by+执行者 状语 当我到那里时，《白雪公主》正在被（老师）讲。 （否定句）Snow White wasn’t being told when I got there. （疑问句）A:Was Snow White being told when I got there? B:Yes,it was./No,it wasn’t. · 三. 将来完成时的被动语态 （高中重点） 主动句：We shall/will have made ten thousand DVDs by the end of this month. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 截至这个月底，我们将生产出一万台DVD。 被动句： （肯定句）Ten thousand DVDs will have been made (by us) by the end of this month. 主语 谓语 by+执行者 状语 截至这个月底，一万台DVD将被（我们）生产出来。 （否定句）Ten thousand DVDs won’t have been made by the end of this month. （疑问句）A:Will ten thousand DVDs have been made by the end of this month? B:Yes,they will./No,they won’t. 一、语法填空 1．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．We are now living in a fast-developing society and our life conditions (improve) day by day. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Weight training classes, for example, (design) and will be added to our programme soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The site (develop) by a French company at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．The house (paint) white when I was there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．What (discuss) during this time at meeting yesterday? (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．The lost girl (look) for everywhere by her parents and policemen when she suddenly appeared in the park. (所给词的适当形式填空) 一、语法填空 1．When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes tasteless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The valley (dot) with cherry blossom trees every spring, turning the landscape pink. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．It (announce) that a high official will come to our college to inspect us. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．The magazine has been popular among teenagers since it (publish) five years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Yesterday, the child (forgive) for breaking the vase because he apologized sincerely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．After graduation from college, he (award) a scholarship to do research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．A big library (build) in our city next year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Teachers will never (replace) by computers in class. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Do you think paper money (replace) by electronic money in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．Over the past decades, great efforts (make) to save giant pandas. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Every possible means (try) to save the endangered species so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．Jan’s life (improve) by the Internet so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空） 14．The new suspension bridge (complete) by the end of last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．It is important that our drinking water should (protect) from being polluted. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．They promised that these fine traditions (protect) for generation to come. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．He told me his novels ____________ (finish) in a few months. 19．He said that a new school (build) near this village soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．When people (prevent) from communicating with others, they will experience anxiety and stress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．I have moved into my cousin’s flat because my flat (decorate) at the moment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．Everyone please keep quiet because the new song (record) in the studio at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．A new library (build) in our school now, and it will be open next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24．My car (repair) in the factory now, so I have to take a bus to work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 25．The river behind our village   (pollute) and fish are being killed by the polluted water. (所给词的适当形式填空) 26．We had to take a different path because the road (repair). (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．Just as I was concentrating on photographing the breathtaking view, I suddenly had a feeling that I (watch). (所给词的适当形式填空) 28．He noticed that he ___________ (follow) by a strange man when he was walking in the street. 29．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30．There was a lot of noise outside as repair work (do) to the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、阅读理解 When I was in my first year of high school, I had a terrible time when every area of my life was a disaster. I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible. On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. Though I had never seen him before, I did not want him to see that I was in such low spirits, so I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past. I thought he’d walk on by, but he moved until he was directly in front of me, waited until I looked up, and then smiled. Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice, “Whatever is wrong will pass. You’re going to be OK, just hang on.” He then smiled again and walked away. I can’t explain the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and care! He gave me the one thing that I’d lost completely—hope. I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again. That was thirty years ago. And I’ve never forgotten that moment. Over the years, whenever I see someone who is in trouble, I will always think of that young man and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can. I carry things for people when they are too heavy for them, sit with naughty babies in the waiting room while their mothers are busy, or talk to tired couples at the checkout line or it could be anything. If you keep your head up, your heart will show you the place that needs hope. 1．How did the author feel when he was a freshman? A．Joyful. B．Desperate. C．Confident. D．Positive. 2．Where did the writer meet the young man? A．In the school. B．In the school bus. C．In the classroom. D．In the library. 3．What can we infer about the author from the passage? A．He was very grateful to that young man. B．He had known the young man for a long time. C．He avoided meeting the young man since then. D．He made friends with the young man afterwards. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．The young man always tried his best to help those who were in trouble. B．The author traveled to a lot of places to look for the young man but failed. C．It was the young man’s smile and words that made the author feel hopeful. D．The author had never been praised by others before he met the young man. 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 disaster n. 灾难，灾祸 hopelessness n. 绝望 unexpected kindness n. 意想不到的善良 effect n. 影响，效果 checkout line n. 结账队伍 长难句分析 原句：I can’t explain the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and care! 译文：我无法解释那个人出人意料的善良和关心所带来的影响！ 分析：本句是简单句。“the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and care” 为宾语，其中 “of that man’s unexpected kindness and care” 为介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “the effect”。 中文翻译 当我上高中一年级的时候，我经历了一段可怕的时光，我生活的各个方面都一团糟。我感到如此绝望和孤独，以至于我认为一切都是不可能的。 有一天，我走出教室，穿过学校，赶校车回家，低着头，强忍绝望的泪水，这时一个年轻人从人行道上走向我。虽然我以前从未见过他，但我不想让他看到我情绪如此低落，所以我转过头，希望快点过去。我以为他会继续走，但他一直走到我面前，等着我抬起头，然后笑了。 这个陌生人看着我的眼睛，轻声说：“一切都会过去的。你会没事的，坚持住。” 然后他又笑了笑，走开了。 我无法解释那个人出人意料的善良和关心所带来的影响！他给了我一件我完全失去的东西 —— 希望。我在学校找他，想向他道谢，但再也没见过他。 那是三十年前的事了。我从未忘记那一刻。多年来，每当我看到有人遇到麻烦时，我总会想起那个年轻人，并试图在黑暗中尽可能地给他们一丝希望。当人们搬东西太重时，我会帮他们搬；当妈妈们忙碌时，我会在候诊室里陪着调皮的婴儿；或者在结账队伍里和疲惫的夫妇聊天，或者其他任何事情。如果你抬起头，你的心会告诉你需要希望的地方。 3 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点04 被动语态（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段主要学习被动语态的基本结构，即“be + 过去分词”。初中阶段通常只涉及到一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时的被动语态形式及含情态动词的被动语态。 高中阶段，除了掌握基本结构外，学生还需要理解被动语态在不同时态中的使用。此外，学生需要掌握所有基本时态的被动语态形式，包括现在进行时、过去进行时及get +done等也可表示被动。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中被动语态考点聚焦】 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned every day. 一般过去时 was/were+done The kite was made by him. 一般将来时 will/shall be+done 或者am/is/are + going to be +done Trees will be planted tomorrow. 含有情态动词 情态动词+be+done Anything here can't be touched. 1．—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——下周我们学校大礼堂将举办一场时装秀。——太棒了！我很期待。 考查时态和语态。主语A fashion show和谓语hold之间是被动关系，根据“next week”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 2．When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books. A．use B．is used C．used D．was used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。 考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语pocket money和动词use之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a pupil”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。 3．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages. A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。 考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。 4．To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year. A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。 考查一般将来时被动语态。主语more trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。 5.A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they　　　to make their own decisions.  A.should allow　　 B.shouldn’t allow C.should be allowed　 D.shouldn’t be allowed 答案　C　考查被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态的结构是“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”,且根据语境“很多青少年认为随着他们长大而且更聪明了”可知,此处表达“他们应该被允许自己做决定”。 【高中被动语态考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中英语：除了掌握基本结构外，学生还需要理解被动语态在不同时态中的使用。需要掌握所有基本时态的被动语态形式，包括现在进行时、过去进行时、过去完成时等。 考点清单 动词语态梳理 1、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下： 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done am/ is/are being done have/has been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done 被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。 In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut. 在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。 With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 易错警示 (1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong to属于；take part in参加。 (2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；date from/back to追溯到；run out用完。 2、get构成的表示被动的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。 We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 3、主动形式表示被动意义 （1）．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。 （2）．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为此错误接受谴责？ The house is to let. 此房出租。 （3）．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well. 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。 （4）．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。 4、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 如：我们在三天之内能完成工作。 We can finish the work in three days. The work can be finished by us in three days. 你应该把你的书收好。 You ought to put your books away. Your books ought to be put away. 高中语态主要学习 · 一. 现在进行时的被动语态 （高中重点） 进行时的被动语态的谓语部分与一般时的被动语态谓语部分不同，应为“be+being+过去分词（将主动语态中的现在分词改为过去分词）”。be动词要随着新主语的人称、数变化，时态跟主动句保持一致，采用现在进行时。 主动句：The teacher is telling Snow White now.老师正在讲《白雪公主》。 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 被动句： （肯定句）Snow White is being told (by the teacher) now.《白雪公主》正被（老师）讲。 主语 谓语 by+执行者 状语 （否定句）Snow White isn’t being told now. （疑问句）A:Is Snow White being told now? B:Yes,it is./No,it isn’t. · 二. 过去进行时的被动语态 （高中重点） 主动句：The teacher was telling Snow White when I got there. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 当我到那里时，老师正在讲《白雪公主》。 被动句： （肯定句）Snow White was being told (by the teacher) when I got there. 主语 谓语 by+执行者 状语 当我到那里时，《白雪公主》正在被（老师）讲。 （否定句）Snow White wasn’t being told when I got there. （疑问句）A:Was Snow White being told when I got there? B:Yes,it was./No,it wasn’t. · 三. 将来完成时的被动语态 （高中重点） 主动句：We shall/will have made ten thousand DVDs by the end of this month. 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 截至这个月底，我们将生产出一万台DVD。 被动句： （肯定句）Ten thousand DVDs will have been made (by us) by the end of this month. 主语 谓语 by+执行者 状语 截至这个月底，一万台DVD将被（我们）生产出来。 （否定句）Ten thousand DVDs won’t have been made by the end of this month. （疑问句）A:Will ten thousand DVDs have been made by the end of this month? B:Yes,they will./No,they won’t. 一、语法填空 1．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being shown 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：看！客人们在被领着参观工厂。show(带领，引领)是句中谓语动词，与主语The guests之间是被动关系，结合Look!可知，描述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语也用复数形式。故填are being shown。 2．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being applied 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：目前更多的新技术正在信息技术领域得到应用。由时间状语at present可知，此处应用现在进行时。主语more new technologies与apply之间为被动关系，故应用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为复数形式，故填are being applied。 3．We are now living in a fast-developing society and our life conditions (improve) day by day. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being improved 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们现在生活在一个快速发展的社会，我们的生活条件正在一天天改善。本句是and连接的并列句，improve作后句谓语，根据前文的are now living可知，用现在进行时，和主语life conditions之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语为复数。故填are being improved。 4．Weight training classes, for example, (design) and will be added to our programme soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being designed 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，重量训练课程正在设计中，并将很快加入我们的课程。表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，主语Weight training classes和design“设计”为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are being designed。 5．The site (develop) by a French company at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being developed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：目前，该网站正在由一家法国公司开发。develop作本句谓语，根据空后的by可知，用被动语态，根据时间状语at present可知，用现在进行时，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，主语The site为第三人称单数。故填is being developed。 6．There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being done 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：外面有很大的噪音，因为当时房子正在修理。根据时间状语at that time可知，用过去进行时，do和主语repair work之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词应用was。故填was being done。 7．The house (paint) white when I was there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being painted 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我在那里的时候，房子正在被漆成白色。分析句子结构可知，主句缺谓语动词，根据“when I was there”及句意可知，主句应用过去进行时，表示动作正在进行，“The house”和“paint”之间是被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态was/were being done的形式，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was being painted。 8．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being examined 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：当我去医院看望他时，他正在接受医生的检查。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及从句动词went可知，此处应表示过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，结合he和动词examine为被动关系，所以为过去进行时的被动语态结构。故填was being examined。 9．What (discuss) during this time at meeting yesterday? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being discussed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：昨天会议在这段时间讨论了什么？由this time at meeting yesterday和句意可知，此处表示过去某一时间正在做某事，应用过去进行时，且what(指会议内容)和动词disscuss是被动关系，应用过去进行时的被动语态；what作主语，谓语动词应用三单形式，be动词应用was，故填was being discussed。 10．The lost girl (look) for everywhere by her parents and policemen when she suddenly appeared in the park. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being looked 【详解】考查时态和语态：句意：当走失的女孩突然出现在公园里时，她的父母和警察正在到处寻找她。谓语动词短语look for和主语The lost girl之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，应用过去进行时的被动语态，表示过去某时正在进行的动作，主谓一致，故填was being looked。 一、语法填空 1．When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes tasteless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are removed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：把脂肪和盐从食物中去掉后，食物就无味了。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，remove作从句谓语，和主语fat and salt之间是被动关系，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，主语为复数。故填are removed。 2．The valley (dot) with cherry blossom trees every spring, turning the landscape pink. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is dotted 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：每年春天，山谷里点缀着樱花树，把景色变成了粉红色。空处作句子的谓语，dot“点缀”和主语The valley之间是被动关系，且由every spring可知，句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用is。故填is dotted。 3．It (announce) that a high official will come to our college to inspect us. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is announced 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：有消息说一位高级官员要来我们学院视察。It是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语，和announce之间是被动关系，且主句是描述现在的情况，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词使用is，故填is announced。 4．The magazine has been popular among teenagers since it (publish) five years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was published 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这本杂志自五年前出版以来，在青少年中一直很受欢迎。空处为从句的谓语动词。根据时间状语five years ago可知，从句谓语动词应使用一般过去时；又因主语it（指代magazine）与publish之间为被动关系，故应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。   5．Yesterday, the child (forgive) for breaking the vase because he apologized sincerely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was forgiven 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天，那个孩子打破花瓶的行为被原谅了，因为他真诚地道歉了。根据“Yesterday”可知。本句为一般过去时。the child与forgive为被动关系，所以本句为一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was forgiven。 6．After graduation from college, he (award) a scholarship to do research. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was awarded 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：大学毕业后，他获得了一份奖学金来做研究。空处缺少谓语动词，且和主语he之间为被动关系，表示“被授予”，所以此处应用被动语态，且句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语he为第三人称单数，be动词应用was，award的过去分词为awarded。故填was awarded。 7．A big library (build) in our city next year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be built 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：明年我们市将建一座大图书馆。根据时间状语“next year”可知，句子的时态为一般将来时。又因为句子的主语“A big library”和谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，即图书馆是被建造的，所以要用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be built。 8．Teachers will never (replace) by computers in class. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be replaced 【详解】考查语态。句意：老师在课堂上永远不会被电脑取代。主语Teachers与谓语replace构成被动关系，结合will可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填be replaced。 9．Do you think paper money (replace) by electronic money in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be replaced 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：你认为纸币将来会被电子货币取代吗？paper money与replace之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in the future”可知，此处使用一般将来时态的被动语态结构will be replaced。故填will be replaced。 10．Over the past decades, great efforts (make) to save giant pandas. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been made 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，人们为拯救大熊猫付出了巨大的努力。根据时间状语“Over the past decades”可知，此处为现在完成时，great efforts和make为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been made。 11．Every possible means (try) to save the endangered species so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been tried 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，每一种可能的方法都已经被用来拯救濒危物种。这里考查谓语动词，主语Every possible means与try之间是被动关系，再由so far可知，这里时态应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Every possible means为第三人称单数形式。故填has been tried。 12．Jan’s life (improve) by the Internet so far. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been improved 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，互联网已经改善了简的生活。根据时间状语so far可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，主语Jan’s life与improve之间为被动关系，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Jan’s life为单数概念，助动词应用has。故填has been improved。 13．When I got to the theatre, I found that the tickets (sell out) and I didn’t get one. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】had been sold out 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当我到达剧院时，我发现票已经卖完了，我没有买到。根据上文When I got to the theatre和句意可知，sell out“卖完”发生在got to“到达”之前，that引导的宾语从句时态用过去完成时，从句中：主语tickets与谓语sell构成被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been sold out。 14．The new suspension bridge (complete) by the end of last month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been completed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：新的悬索桥已于上月底完工。此处为谓语动词，根据by the end of last month.可知，此处使用过去完成时态，complete与主语bridge之间是被动关系，所以此处使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been completed。 15．It is important that our drinking water should (protect) from being polluted. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be protected 【详解】考查名词性从句的虚拟语气。句意：保护我们的饮用水免受污染是很重要的。这个句子属于“it is adj. that...”类型的主语从句，其从句部分应该使用should do的虚拟语气。分析句意可知，水资源应该是受到保护的，应该使用被动语态。故答案填be protected。 16．The beauty of the views couldn’t (imagine) and they left me with many great memories. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be imagined 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：景色的美丽无法想象，它们给我留下了许多美好的回忆。imagine和主语The beauty of the views之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前是情态动词，空处应填动词原形。故填be imagined。 17．They promised that these fine traditions (protect) for generation to come. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would be protected 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们承诺，这些美好的传统将被世代保护。空处作宾语从句的谓语，根据主句中的“promised”和从句中的“for generation to come”可知，动作在过去尚未发生，时态应用过去将来时，且protect“保护”和主语traditions之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故填would be protected。 18．He told me his novels ____________ (finish) in a few months. 【答案】would be finished 【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：他告诉我他的小说将在几个月内完成。由in a few months可知，句子用将来时，由told可知，用过去将来时，小说是被完成，因此空格处用过去将来时的被动语态would be done，故填would be finished。 19．He said that a new school (build) near this village soon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would be built 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他说不久将在这个村子附近建一所新学校。根据前文He said和后文soon可知，间接引语中应用过去将来时，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be built。 20．When people (prevent) from communicating with others, they will experience anxiety and stress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are prevented 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当人们被阻止与他人交流时，他们会感到焦虑和压力。此处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，prevent与主语people之间为被动关系，所以此处为一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为复数意义，be动词使用are。故填are prevented。 21．I have moved into my cousin’s flat because my flat (decorate) at the moment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being decorated 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：我已经搬进了我表弟的公寓，因为我的公寓目前正在装修。根据时间状语“at the moment”可知，使用现在进行时；my flat和decorate为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is being decorated。 22．Everyone please keep quiet because the new song (record) in the studio at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being recorded 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：大家请保持安静，因为新歌目前正在录音室录制。根据“at present”可知，句子强调现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时；又因“song”与“record”之间是被动关系，即“歌被录制”，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语“the new song”是单数，be动词应用is。故填is being recorded。 23．A new library (build) in our school now, and it will be open next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being built 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我们学校正在建一个新的图书馆，将于下个月开放。根据时间状语now可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，又因为library和build之间是被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is being built。 24．My car (repair) in the factory now, so I have to take a bus to work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：我的车现在正在工厂里被修理，所以我不得不乘公交车去上班。根据时间状语now可知，句子表示现在正在进行的动作，且car与repair之间是被动关系，即“车被修理”，应用现在进行时的被动语态“am/is/are + being + 过去分词”，my car是第三人称单数，be动词使用is。故填is being repaired。 25．The river behind our village   (pollute) and fish are being killed by the polluted water. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being polluted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我们村后面的河被污染了，鱼被污染的水杀死了。主语river与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文fish are being killed可知为现在进行时的被动语态，主语river是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is being polluted。 26．We had to take a different path because the road (repair). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being repaired 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：我们不得不走另一条路，因为那条路正在修理。空处作谓语，根据“We had to take a different path”可知，此处表示说话的这一时刻路正在修理，时态应用过去进行时，repair和主语the road之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was being repaired。 27．Just as I was concentrating on photographing the breathtaking view, I suddenly had a feeling that I (watch). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being watched 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：正当我集中精力拍摄这令人叹为观止的景色时，我突然有一种被监视的感觉。根据句中时态可知，用过去时态。根据语境可知，此处表示 “我正被注视着”，要用过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being watched。 28．He noticed that he ___________ (follow) by a strange man when he was walking in the street. 【答案】was being followed 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：当他走在街上时，他注意到一个陌生人一直跟着他。由by可知，句子用被动语态，由when he was walking in the street可知，句子用过去进行时的被动语态was/were being done，表示一个过去的时间正在进行的动作，主语he是单数，因此空格处是was being followed。故填was being followed。 29．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being examined 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：当我去医院看望他时，他正在接受医生的检查。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及从句动词went可知，此处应表示过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，结合he和动词examine为被动关系，所以为过去进行时的被动语态结构。故填was being examined。 30．There was a lot of noise outside as repair work (do) to the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being done 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：房子正在修理，外面很吵。分析句子结构可知，空处为从句的谓语动词。根据“There was a lot of noise outside”可知，外面很吵因为房子正在修理。所以从句的时态为过去进行时态，该动词和主语之间为被动关系。综上所述，该从句需要过去进行时态的被动语态，主语为不可数名词repair work，be动词使用was。故填was being done。 二、阅读理解 When I was in my first year of high school, I had a terrible time when every area of my life was a disaster. I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible. On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. Though I had never seen him before, I did not want him to see that I was in such low spirits, so I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past. I thought he’d walk on by, but he moved until he was directly in front of me, waited until I looked up, and then smiled. Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice, “Whatever is wrong will pass. You’re going to be OK, just hang on.” He then smiled again and walked away. I can’t explain the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and care! He gave me the one thing that I’d lost completely—hope. I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again. That was thirty years ago. And I’ve never forgotten that moment. Over the years, whenever I see someone who is in trouble, I will always think of that young man and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can. I carry things for people when they are too heavy for them, sit with naughty babies in the waiting room while their mothers are busy, or talk to tired couples at the checkout line or it could be anything. If you keep your head up, your heart will show you the place that needs hope. 1．How did the author feel when he was a freshman? A．Joyful. B．Desperate. C．Confident. D．Positive. 2．Where did the writer meet the young man? A．In the school. B．In the school bus. C．In the classroom. D．In the library. 3．What can we infer about the author from the passage? A．He was very grateful to that young man. B．He had known the young man for a long time. C．He avoided meeting the young man since then. D．He made friends with the young man afterwards. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．The young man always tried his best to help those who were in trouble. B．The author traveled to a lot of places to look for the young man but failed. C．It was the young man’s smile and words that made the author feel hopeful. D．The author had never been praised by others before he met the young man. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述高中一年级时作者陷入绝望，陌生年轻人的鼓励给予其希望，此后作者也常向他人传递希望。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible.(我感到绝望和孤独，我认为一切都是不可能的。)”可知，在高中一年级的时候，作者经历了一段无望的时光。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“On one such day, I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home, with my head down, fighting tears of total hopelessness, when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me. (有一天，我走出教室，穿过学校，赶校车回家，低着头，强忍绝望的泪水，这时一个年轻人从人行道上走向我。)”可知，作者是在学校见到了这个陌生人。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段的“I looked for him in our school to thank him, but never saw him again.(我在学校找他，想向他道谢，但再也没见过他)”可推知，作者非常感激那个年轻人。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Looking into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice: ‘Whatever is wrong will pass. You’re going to be OK, just hang on.’ He then smiled again and walked away (这个陌生人看着我的眼睛，轻声说：‘一切都会过去的。你会没事的，坚持住。’然后他又笑了笑，走开了。)”和第四段的“I can’t explain the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and caring! He gave me the one thing that I’d lost completely—hope.(我无法解释那个人出人意料的善良和关心所带来的影响!他给了我一件我完全失去的东西——希望)”可推知，是那个年轻人的微笑和话语使作者感到有希望。故选C项。 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 disaster n. 灾难，灾祸 hopelessness n. 绝望 unexpected kindness n. 意想不到的善良 effect n. 影响，效果 checkout line n. 结账队伍 长难句分析 原句：I can’t explain the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and care! 译文：我无法解释那个人出人意料的善良和关心所带来的影响！ 分析：本句是简单句。“the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and care” 为宾语，其中 “of that man’s unexpected kindness and care” 为介词短语作后置定语，修饰 “the effect”。 中文翻译 当我上高中一年级的时候，我经历了一段可怕的时光，我生活的各个方面都一团糟。我感到如此绝望和孤独，以至于我认为一切都是不可能的。 有一天，我走出教室，穿过学校，赶校车回家，低着头，强忍绝望的泪水，这时一个年轻人从人行道上走向我。虽然我以前从未见过他，但我不想让他看到我情绪如此低落，所以我转过头，希望快点过去。我以为他会继续走，但他一直走到我面前，等着我抬起头，然后笑了。 这个陌生人看着我的眼睛，轻声说：“一切都会过去的。你会没事的，坚持住。” 然后他又笑了笑，走开了。 我无法解释那个人出人意料的善良和关心所带来的影响！他给了我一件我完全失去的东西 —— 希望。我在学校找他，想向他道谢，但再也没见过他。 那是三十年前的事了。我从未忘记那一刻。多年来，每当我看到有人遇到麻烦时，我总会想起那个年轻人，并试图在黑暗中尽可能地给他们一丝希望。当人们搬东西太重时，我会帮他们搬；当妈妈们忙碌时，我会在候诊室里陪着调皮的婴儿；或者在结账队伍里和疲惫的夫妇聊天，或者其他任何事情。如果你抬起头，你的心会告诉你需要希望的地方。 3 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$