第08练 动词的时态和语态- 【暑假分层作业】2025年高二英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 第08练 动词的时态和语态 一、主动语态与被动语态相互转换 1. They built this bridge in 2010.（改为被动语态） 2. The company will send Tom to work in Shanghai next month.（改为被动语态） 3. People speak English all over the world.（改为被动语态） 4. She has finished the report.（改为被动语态） 5. The teacher is correcting our homework.（改为被动语态） 6. The old house was repaired by the workers last year.（改为主动语态） 7. A new movie will be shown in the cinema next week.（改为主动语态） 8. The book has been translated into several languages.（改为主动语态） 9. The problem is being discussed by the students now.（改为主动语态） 10. These trees were planted by the volunteers.（改为主动语态） 二、时态转换 11. He reads English every morning.（改为现在进行时） 12. She is watching TV now.（改为一般过去时） 13. They will visit the museum tomorrow.（改为现在完成时） 14. We have lived here for five years.（改为一般将来时） 15. He was writing a letter at 8 o'clock last night.（改为一般现在时） 16. The train leaves at 6:00 tomorrow.（改为过去进行时） 17. She had finished the project before last Friday.（改为一般现在时） 18. They are going to hold a party next Sunday.（改为过去完成时） 19. He often goes to school by bike.（改为现在完成进行时） 20. The concert has started for 10 minutes.（改为一般过去时，修正语法错误） 答案及解析 （一）主动语态与被动语态相互转换 1. 答案：This bridge was built by them in 2010. 解析：原句为一般过去时主动语态，改为被动语态时，将宾语“this bridge”变为主语，谓语改为“was + 过去分词built”，by引出动作执行者。 2. 答案：Tom will be sent to work in Shanghai by the company next month. 解析：一般将来时主动改被动，结构为“will be + 过去分词sent”，宾语“Tom”作新主语。 3. 答案：English is spoken by people all over the world. 解析：一般现在时被动，“is + 过去分词spoken”，原宾语“English”作主语。 4. 答案：The report has been finished by her. 解析：现在完成时被动，结构为“has been + 过去分词finished”。 5. 答案：Our homework is being corrected by the teacher. 解析：现在进行时被动，“is being + 过去分词corrected”。 6. 答案：The workers repaired the old house last year. 解析：一般过去时被动改主动，将“the workers”还原为主语，“repaired”为过去式。 7. 答案：The cinema will show a new movie next week. 解析：一般将来时被动改主动，“will + 动词原形show”，“the cinema”作主语。 8. 答案：People have translated the book into several languages. 解析：现在完成时被动改主动，主语用泛指“people”，“have translated”为主动形式。 9. 答案：The students are discussing the problem now. 解析：现在进行时被动改主动，“are discussing”为主动形式。 10. 答案：The volunteers planted these trees. 解析：一般过去时被动改主动，“the volunteers”作主语，“planted”为过去式。 （二）时态转换 11. 答案：He is reading English now. 解析：将一般现在时改为现在进行时，结构为“is + 现在分词reading”。 12. 答案：She watched TV yesterday. 解析：现在进行时改一般过去时，“is watching”变为过去式“watched”，时间状语改为“yesterday”。 13. 答案：They have visited the museum. 解析：一般将来时改现在完成时，“will visit”变为“have visited”。 14. 答案：We will live here for five years. 解析：现在完成时改一般将来时，“have lived”变为“will live”。 15. 答案：He writes a letter every day. 解析：过去进行时改一般现在时，“was writing”变为第三人称单数“writes”，时间状语调整。 16. 答案：The train was leaving at 6:00 yesterday. 解析：一般现在时改过去进行时，“leaves”变为“was leaving”，时间状语改为“yesterday”。 17. 答案：She finishes the project before Friday. 解析：过去完成时改一般现在时，“had finished”变为第三人称单数“finishes”。 18. 答案：They had held a party before last Sunday. 解析：一般将来时改过去完成时，“are going to hold”变为“had held”，时间状语调整。 19. 答案：He has been going to school by bike. 解析：一般现在时改现在完成进行时，“goes”变为“has been going”。 20. 答案：The concert started 10 minutes ago. 解析：原句“has started”为瞬间动词不能与时间段连用，改为一般过去时“started”，时间状语改为“10 minutes ago”。 一、单项选择题 1. The new bridge ______ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed 2. This kind of cloth ______ well and ______ long. A. washes; is lasted B. is washed; lasting C. washes; lasts D. is washing; lasting 3. When I got to the theatre, the tickets ______ out. A. had sold B. have sold C. were sold D. have been sold 4. Great changes ______ in my hometown and a lot of factories ______. A. have been taken place; are being set up B. are taken place; will set up C. are taking place; are being set up D. have taken place; will set up 5. Look! Everything here is under construction. What’s the pretty small house that ______ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 6. My dictionary ______. I have looked for it everywhere but still ______ it. A. has lost; don’t find B. is missing; don’t find C. has lost; haven’t found D. is missing; haven’t found 7. Rainforests ______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 8. —______ the sports meet might be put off. —Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told 9. The classroom ______ every day. A. has cleaned B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleans 10. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt ______ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left 11. I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A. played B. will play C. have played D. play 12. When the old man ______ to walk back to his house, the sun ______ itself behind the mountain. A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid 13. —Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? —I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 14. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. —Oh! I thought they ______ without me. A. had gone B. are going C. have gone D. went 15. The moment I got home, I found I ______ my jacket on the playground. A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving 16. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He ______ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing 17. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms ______. A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting 18. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly. A. will change B. has changed C. will have changed D. is changing 19. The price ______, but I doubt whether it will remain so. A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down 20. —______ my glasses? —Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen 答案及解析 1. 答案：B 解析：by the end of last month（到上个月末）为过去完成时标志，新桥是“被设计”，用过去完成时被动语态had been designed。 2. 答案：C 解析：wash和last此处为不及物动词，表示事物特性，用主动形式表被动意义，类似用法还有sell, write等。 3. 答案：C 解析：tickets与sell是被动关系，“票卖完”发生在“我到达剧院”之前，用一般过去时被动语态were sold。 4. 答案：C 解析：take place无被动形式，排除A、B；factories与set up是被动关系，用现在进行时被动语态are being set up。 5. 答案：A 解析：根据Look!和under construction可知，房子“正在被建造”，用现在进行时被动语态is being built。 6. 答案：D 解析：be missing表示“丢失”状态；第二空强调过去持续到现在的结果，用现在完成时haven’t found。 7. 答案：C 解析：根据“will disappear”可知，雨林“正在被砍伐和烧毁”，用现在进行时被动语态are being cut。 8. 答案：A 解析：“我被告知”，用被动语态，此处强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时I’ve been told。 9. 答案：C 解析：classroom与clean是被动关系，且表日常动作，用一般现在时被动语态is cleaned。 10. 答案：C 解析：by the time + 一般现在时，主句用将来完成时will have left，表示将来某时已完成的动作。 11. 答案：D 解析：此处描述个人能力，用一般现在时play，表示“我乒乓球打得很好”。 12. 答案：A 解析：“太阳落山”发生在“老人开始走回家”之前，“开始”用一般过去时，“落山”用过去完成时。 13. 答案：C 解析：was going to表示“原本打算”，符合“我本来要来，但有不速之客”的语境。 14. 答案：A 解析：“我以为他们已经走了”，“走”发生在“以为”之前，用过去完成时had gone。 15. 答案：A 解析：“把夹克落在操场”发生在“发现”之前，“发现”是过去时，故用过去完成时had left。 16. 答案：C 解析：Ted在地震中“被杀害”，用一般过去时被动语态was killed。 17. 答案：A 解析：房间“正在被粉刷”，用现在进行时被动语态are being painted。 18. 答案：D 解析：技术“正在快速变化”，用现在进行时is changing，强调现阶段持续的动作。 19. 答案：C 解析：价格“已经下降”，且对现在有影响（怀疑是否会保持），用现在完成时has gone down。 20. 答案：D 解析：询问“到目前为止是否看见我的眼镜”，用现在完成时Have you seen。 1. The new library ________ (build) last year and it has become a popular place for students. 2. Look! The students ________ (clean) the classroom. It will be tidy soon. 3. This kind of car ________ (sell) well in the local market. 4. By the end of last term, we ________ (learn) about 2,000 English words. 5. The film ________ (show) many times since its release. 6. The old man ________ (send) to the hospital immediately after he fell down. 7. I can't find my pen. Someone ________ (take) it by mistake. 8. The problem ________ (discuss) at tomorrow's meeting. 9. When I arrived at the station, the train ________ (leave). 10. These houses ________ (paint) by the workers now. 11. If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go on a picnic. 12. The story ________ (write) by a famous writer in the 19th century. 13. She ________ (work) in the company for ten years and she is still working there. 14. The students ________ (tell) to wear uniforms every day. 15. When I called him, he ________ (play) computer games. 16. A new bridge ________ (build) across the river next year. 17. The book ________ (belong) to me. Don't take it away. 18. They ________ (live) in this city since they got married. 19. The room must ________ (clean) before the guests arrive. 20. He ________ (go) to school by bike every day, but today he took a bus. 答案及解析 1. 答案：was built 解析：由last year可知为一般过去时，library与build是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was built。 2. 答案：are cleaning 解析：Look! 表明动作正在进行，用现在进行时are cleaning。 3. 答案：sells 解析：sell在此处表示事物特性，用主动形式表被动意义，主语是第三人称单数，故填sells。 4. 答案：had learned 解析：by the end of last term（到上学期末）是过去完成时的标志，故填had learned。 5. 答案：has been shown 解析：since its release（自发行以来）是现在完成时的标志，film与show是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态has been shown。 6. 答案：was sent 解析：由after he fell down可知是过去的动作，old man与send是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was sent。 7. 答案：has taken 解析：“笔找不到了”，说明“有人拿走笔”对现在造成了影响，用现在完成时has taken。 8. 答案：will be discussed 解析：由tomorrow's meeting可知是将来的动作，problem与discuss是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态will be discussed。 9. 答案：had left 解析：“火车离开”发生在“我到达车站”之前，“到达”是一般过去时，“离开”用过去完成时had left。 10. 答案：are being painted 解析：now表明动作正在进行，houses与paint是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态are being painted。 11. 答案：doesn't rain 解析：if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，用一般现在时的否定形式doesn't rain。 12. 答案：was written 解析：in the 19th century表明是一般过去时，story与write是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was written。 13. 答案：has worked 解析：for ten years（十年）是现在完成时的标志，主语是第三人称单数，故填has worked。 14. 答案：are told 解析：students与tell是被动关系，且表示经常发生的动作，用一般现在时的被动语态are told。 15. 答案：was playing 解析：when引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时was playing。 16. 答案：will be built 解析：next year表明是将来的动作，bridge与build是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。 17. 答案：belongs 解析：belong to（属于）不用于被动语态和进行时态，主语是第三人称单数，故填belongs。 18. 答案：have lived 解析：since they got married（自从他们结婚以来）是现在完成时的标志，故填have lived。 19. 答案：be cleaned 解析：room与clean是被动关系，must是情态动词，后接动词原形，故用be cleaned。 20. 答案：goes 解析：由every day可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填goes。 1. 这座桥是去年建造的。 2. 工人们正在修理这条道路。 3. 这种产品在国内外都很畅销。 4. 到上月底，我们已经完成了这个项目。 5. 这个问题将在明天的会议上讨论。 6. 当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始10分钟了。 7. 我的自行车被偷了，所以我不得不步行回家。 8. 他们已经在这个城市生活了二十年。 9. 这些书应该按时归还给图书馆。 10. 她正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 11. 这家工厂生产的汽车出口到许多国家。 12. 你知道是谁打破了教室的窗户吗？ 13. 自从我来到这所学校，我交了很多新朋友。 14. 这个博物馆每天都有数百名游客参观。 15. 如果你明天来，我们就一起去购物。 16. 他说他以前看过这部电影。 17. 这些照片是上个月在海边拍的。 18. 会议开始时，她还在赶往办公室的路上。 19. 未来五年，这座城市将建造更多的公园。 20. 这个消息已经被传遍了整个小镇。 参考译文 1. This bridge was built last year. 2. The workers are repairing the road. 3. This kind of product sells well both at home and abroad. 4. By the end of last month, we had completed the project. 5. This problem will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting. 6. When I arrived at the cinema, the movie had been on for 10 minutes. 7. My bike was stolen, so I had to walk home. 8. They have lived in this city for twenty years. 9. These books should be returned to the library on time. 10. She is preparing for the coming exam. 11. The cars produced by this factory are exported to many countries. 12. Do you know who broke the window of the classroom? 13. Since I came to this school, I have made many new friends. 14. This museum is visited by hundreds of tourists every day. 15. If you come tomorrow, we will go shopping together. 16. He said he had seen the movie before. 17. These photos were taken at the seaside last month. 18. When the meeting started, she was still on her way to the office. 19. More parks will be built in this city in the next five years. 20. This news has been spread throughout the whole town. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 第08练 动词的时态和语态 一、主动语态与被动语态相互转换 1. They built this bridge in 2010.（改为被动语态） 2. The company will send Tom to work in Shanghai next month.（改为被动语态） 3. People speak English all over the world.（改为被动语态） 4. She has finished the report.（改为被动语态） 5. The teacher is correcting our homework.（改为被动语态） 6. The old house was repaired by the workers last year.（改为主动语态） 7. A new movie will be shown in the cinema next week.（改为主动语态） 8. The book has been translated into several languages.（改为主动语态） 9. The problem is being discussed by the students now.（改为主动语态） 10. These trees were planted by the volunteers.（改为主动语态） 二、时态转换 11. He reads English every morning.（改为现在进行时） 12. She is watching TV now.（改为一般过去时） 13. They will visit the museum tomorrow.（改为现在完成时） 14. We have lived here for five years.（改为一般将来时） 15. He was writing a letter at 8 o'clock last night.（改为一般现在时） 16. The train leaves at 6:00 tomorrow.（改为过去进行时） 17. She had finished the project before last Friday.（改为一般现在时） 18. They are going to hold a party next Sunday.（改为过去完成时） 19. He often goes to school by bike.（改为现在完成进行时） 20. The concert has started for 10 minutes.（改为一般过去时，修正语法错误） 一、单项选择题 1. The new bridge ______ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed 2. This kind of cloth ______ well and ______ long. A. washes; is lasted B. is washed; lasting C. washes; lasts D. is washing; lasting 3. When I got to the theatre, the tickets ______ out. A. had sold B. have sold C. were sold D. have been sold 4. Great changes ______ in my hometown and a lot of factories ______. A. have been taken place; are being set up B. are taken place; will set up C. are taking place; are being set up D. have taken place; will set up 5. Look! Everything here is under construction. What’s the pretty small house that ______ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 6. My dictionary ______. I have looked for it everywhere but still ______ it. A. has lost; don’t find B. is missing; don’t find C. has lost; haven’t found D. is missing; haven’t found 7. Rainforests ______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 8. —______ the sports meet might be put off. —Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told 9. The classroom ______ every day. A. has cleaned B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleans 10. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt ______ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left 11. I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A. played B. will play C. have played D. play 12. When the old man ______ to walk back to his house, the sun ______ itself behind the mountain. A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid 13. —Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? —I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 14. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. —Oh! I thought they ______ without me. A. had gone B. are going C. have gone D. went 15. The moment I got home, I found I ______ my jacket on the playground. A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving 16. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He ______ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing 17. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet. The rooms ______. A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting 18. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly. A. will change B. has changed C. will have changed D. is changing 19. The price ______, but I doubt whether it will remain so. A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down 20. —______ my glasses? —Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen 1. The new library ________ (build) last year and it has become a popular place for students. 2. Look! The students ________ (clean) the classroom. It will be tidy soon. 3. This kind of car ________ (sell) well in the local market. 4. By the end of last term, we ________ (learn) about 2,000 English words. 5. The film ________ (show) many times since its release. 6. The old man ________ (send) to the hospital immediately after he fell down. 7. I can't find my pen. Someone ________ (take) it by mistake. 8. The problem ________ (discuss) at tomorrow's meeting. 9. When I arrived at the station, the train ________ (leave). 10. These houses ________ (paint) by the workers now. 11. If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go on a picnic. 12. The story ________ (write) by a famous writer in the 19th century. 13. She ________ (work) in the company for ten years and she is still working there. 14. The students ________ (tell) to wear uniforms every day. 15. When I called him, he ________ (play) computer games. 16. A new bridge ________ (build) across the river next year. 17. The book ________ (belong) to me. Don't take it away. 18. They ________ (live) in this city since they got married. 19. The room must ________ (clean) before the guests arrive. 20. He ________ (go) to school by bike every day, but today he took a bus. 1. 这座桥是去年建造的。 2. 工人们正在修理这条道路。 3. 这种产品在国内外都很畅销。 4. 到上月底，我们已经完成了这个项目。 5. 这个问题将在明天的会议上讨论。 6. 当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始10分钟了。 7. 我的自行车被偷了，所以我不得不步行回家。 8. 他们已经在这个城市生活了二十年。 9. 这些书应该按时归还给图书馆。 10. 她正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 11. 这家工厂生产的汽车出口到许多国家。 12. 你知道是谁打破了教室的窗户吗？ 13. 自从我来到这所学校，我交了很多新朋友。 14. 这个博物馆每天都有数百名游客参观。 15. 如果你明天来，我们就一起去购物。 16. 他说他以前看过这部电影。 17. 这些照片是上个月在海边拍的。 18. 会议开始时，她还在赶往办公室的路上。 19. 未来五年，这座城市将建造更多的公园。 20. 这个消息已经被传遍了整个小镇。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$