衔接点04 数词、连词（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点04 数词、连词（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段学习了基数词和序数词的基本用法，学习了hundred, thousand等表示约数的用法，以及与单位名词一起作定语或者作表语时的用法。 并列连词有and, or, either.…or, neither.…nor, but, for, so; not only. . . but also. . . 等。等; 从属连词主要有that, whether, if, when, where, so that等 高中阶段需重点掌握年代表示法、年龄表示法以及不定数量词表示“多”的用法。高中阶段，数词表示比较的用法也比较常见 连词主要考查连词的判断选用, 以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中数词考点聚焦】 考点1.基数词 1．—How old is your daughter? —________. We had a surprise party for her ________ birthday last Sunday. A．Twentieth; twentieth B．Twentieth; twenty C．Twenty; twentieth D．Twenty; twenty 2．_______ people lost their lives in the traffic accident. A．Three hundreds of B．Three hundred of C．Three hundred D．Hundred of 3．The teaching building in our university is about ________high. A．fifty-five metre B．fifty-five metres C．fifty-five-metre D．fifty five metres 考点2.序数词 4．On her ________ birthday, Alice got a beautiful doll from her friend. A．twelve B．twelfth C．nineth D．nine 5．This is the ________ time I’ve visited the China-South Asia Expo, and I’m excited. A．one B．first C．two D．second 6．Li Ming will be ________. His parents are going to have a party for his ________birthday. A．twelve; twelfth B．twelfth; twelfth C．twelve; twelve 考点3.分数、年代 7．________ of the workers in the factory are men. A．Three fifths B．Three fifth C．Third fifth D．Third fifths 8．There are fifty students in our class, and _______ of us like football. A．two third B．two thirds C．two three D．second thirds 9．It’s reported that about ________ of the Math teachers in Shanghai are under the age of 35. A．three-fifth B．third-fifths C．thirds-fifth D．three-fifths 10．His father joined the Party in ________when he was in________ . A．1960s; twenties B．the 1960s; his twentieth C．1960; his twenties D．1960s; the twenties 【高中数词考点聚焦】 课标解读 要求学生掌握基数词的构成和读法，包括多位数的表达，如千位、百万位、十亿位等的表示方法。要熟悉 “hundred, thousand, million, billion” 等在具体语境下的用法，如在表示确切数字时是否加 “s”，在表示大概数目时的搭配等。掌握分数、小数、百分数等的表达方式，包括它们在句子中的正确读法和使用场景。 考点清单 数词命题热点归纳 要点精讲1：基数词和序数词的用法 1.序数词前必须加the。如：The second is what I really need.第二个是我真正需要的。 2.序数词前若有限定词，则可以不用加the。如：It is my third time to visit Beijing. 这是我第三次参观北京。 3.序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一,再”，内含顺序性。如：We have tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三遍了。还必须再试一次(第四次)吗? 要点精讲2：年龄、长、宽、高、面积等的表示方法 基数词加量词(meter(s) /kilometer(s)/kilo(s)/year(s)/...)加形容词(long/wide/high/deep)。如： three years old 三岁大; two meters tall 两米高; ten meters long 十米长 要点精讲3：hundred, thousand, million与billion的用法 1. hundred, thousand, million, billion表示具体数目时用单数，在表示“数百”“数千”“数百万”“数十亿”等不确定的数目时，用“hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/billions of+可数名词复数”表示。与of 连用时，要用复数形式，但前面不能再加数字。如：thousands of factories 成千上万家工厂 2. 与具体的数字one, two...或several, some, many等词连用时，要用单数形式。如： five hundred people 500人 two thousand books 两千本书 many million trees 几百万棵树 要点精讲4：年份、日期与编号的表示法 1. 年份、日期、编号的表达 ◆年份、日期表示法 通常英式英语表达为“日、月、年”，而美式英语表达为“月、日、年”。一般年份用基数词，日期用序数词(可简写)，月份用月份名称，年份后面不用year(年)。如： on August 8th, 2023在2023年8月8日 ◆编号表示法 名词加基数词等于the加序数词加名词。 如：第一课Lesson One等于the first lesson;第二页Page Two等于the second page 路公车Bus Number 2 或the Number 2 bus。 有时可以直接用数字来表示。如： Room Two O Six, Class Two， Grade One...(注意：使用时要注意大小写) 2. 年份、日期、时间的读法 ◆年份：四位数通常分两组来读。 如：1999读作：nineteen ninety-nine ◆日期：用序数词来表示。 如：November 3rd读作：November the third ◆时间：时间的读法有以下方法： 一般直接按照表示时间的数字来读。另外英语中的15分钟也可以说成a quarter,如： 8:30读作：eight thirty 4:15读作:a quarter past four 要点精讲5：分数的构成 分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。 ►1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths 【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法： ►a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一 three quarters=three fourths 四分之三 要点精讲6：其他重要表达方式： half an hour半小时 one and a half hours 等于one hour and a half一个半小时 in one’s thirties在某人30多岁(区别：in the thirties在30年代) an eight-year-old boy一个八岁的男孩 a 100-meter-long bridge一座100米长的桥 a ten-minute walk=ten minutes' walk步行10分钟的路程 two more hours=another two hours再多两个小时 一、语法填空 1．There are nineteen people waiting for the dentist in front of me. I’m the (twenty). (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Wu Dajing, together with his teammates, won China’s (one) gold medal at the 2022 Winter Olympics. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．The cost of production in our country is (two) more than that in the other countries. 4．In the (two) part, there is a test in Grammar and Vocabulary. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Sports team owners spend (million) of dollars attracting top talent. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．Two (five) of the land in that country (be) covered with trees and grass now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．This year, Remila spent her (five) Spring Festival aboard the carrier. （所给词的适当形式填空） 8．There are approximately 12 (million) migrants with their dependants living in the EU countries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The Great Wall is known as (被认为) the (eight) wonder (奇迹) of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．Two (five) of the students in our class are going to summer camp in Beijing next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．The (nine) Asian Winter Games will be held in 2025 in the city of Harbin. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．You’d better go home to see your parents (two) a week. They need more care. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．A woman in her (sixty) told him her husband had died of cancer a week earlier. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．In 2013, nearly a (three) of its population was still living under the absolute poverty line. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．There are twelve floors in this building and Mr. Wu’s office is on the (four) floor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．The captain said she was the (twelve) tutor, who had come to look after his children since their mother died. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．The majority of the inhabitants left for the mainland in the early (1990). (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．She went to the bookstore and bought (dozen) of books.（所给词的适当形式填空） 19．The lady still keeps jogging even in her (ninety). (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．As we can learn from the newspaper, they are already in their (thirty) without a child. (所给词的适当形式填空) 一、完成句子 1．There were (成千上万) people taking part in the movement. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 2．The theme park being built (是……的五倍大) the original one. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 3．However, making a paper bag uses and up to three times the amount of water. 然而，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量多达三倍。 4．据说这个发电站现在是过去的两倍大。 It’s said that the power plant what it was. 5．最新调查表明，美国人去公园的花费是欧洲人的两倍。 Americans’ spending on park visits is Europeans, according to the latest survey. 6．正如上次我们讨论的那样，这意味着我们的费用将是以前的三倍。(as... as) As we discussed last time, this means that it will cost us . 7．With many books to read, I have no time to chat with you. (同义句转换) With books to read, I have no time to chat with you. 8．我叔叔在市中心的房子比我们的小得多，但价格是我们房子的两倍。（倍数表达法） My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but ． 9．全国几乎三分之一的地方均有震感。 Nearly of the whole nation felt it. 10．我们班有四分之一的男生不喜欢英语。 in our class don’t like English. 二、语法填空 Tai chi is a Chinese martial art often practiced with the purpose of 11 (improve) health. The practice forms of tai chi are well known 12 relaxing, circular movements that work in harmony with breath regulation (调节). It can not only keep your mind calm but also make your body strong. As you focus on your breathing and movements, your mind can clear itself of its worries, 13 does your whole body good. 14 (influence) by Taoist and Confucian thoughts, and the ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, the practice has developed into several styles, 15 (usual) named after a master, such as the Chen-style and Yang-style. Chen Bing, one of the 16 (master) of the Chen-style tai chi, has been practicing the martial art since he 17 (be) six years old. More than two decades of practice has made him a master. “One’s understanding of tai chi can develop when the practice continues. As one’s experience grows, it becomes much 18 (easy) and faster to understand its cultural meanings,” Chen Bing explains. Tai chi has taught Chen Bing 19 (stay) calm during life’s ups and downs, and to learn about the world with 20 open mind. Moreover, the martial art encourages using gentleness to get over toughness, and making use of weakness to win strength through one’s self-awareness, which shows the wisdom of Taoism. 【初中连词考点聚焦】 考点一 并列连词 1．—It’s reported that a big shopping mall will be built in the town. —Really? I think it’s good news for my mother ________ bad news for my father. A．and B．but C．or D．yet 2．—Do you like this green dress, Kate? —It looks nice, _________ it may not look good on me. A．but B．for C．or D．so 3．Our head teacher always tells us books and friends should be few good. A．and B．or C．so D．but 4．My cousin Laura wants to be the best dancer, _________ it’s very difficult because it’s so competitive. A．and B．so C．but D．or 5．—What about going out to play football? —I’m afraid not. The ground is wet, ________ it rained last night. A．so B．and C．but D．for 1．My hometown has changed a lot ________ the subway was put into use. A．unless B．since C．if D．when 2．You won’t be allowed to enter the school _________ your temperature is higher than normal. A．if B．until C．though D．unless 3．As a policeman, Tom’s father is too busy to play with him __________ he expects to. A．even though B．so that C．as soon as D．as long as 4．—Daddy, can I go out to play soccer with my friends now? —Well, you can’t go ________ you finish your homework first. A．if B．since C．unless 5．—The environment is terrible. —I think it will be even worse ______ the government takes actions to protect it. A．until B．when C．if D．unless 【高中连词考点聚焦】 课标解读 要求理解并列句的结构, 掌握并列连词的基本意义, 根据句子之间的相互关系能正确运用连词。掌握构成并列句的并列连词如: and, or, but, yet, so, while, when和either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 等。及在名词性从句，状语从句，定语从句中连词的用法 考点清单 一、并列句 并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。 连接词 用法 示例 and 表示并列、顺承关系，连接两个意义相近或相关的句子成分 He likes reading books and his sister enjoys watching movies. but 表示转折关系，连接两个意义相对或相反的句子成分 She is beautiful but she is not kind. or 表示选择关系，连接两个可供选择的句子成分 You can walk there or you can take a bus. so 表示因果关系，连接两个有因果关系的句子成分 He was ill so he didn’t go to school. for 表示因果关系，连接两个句子，后句是前句的原因或解释 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. yet 表示转折关系，连接两个句子，通常用于强调后句与前句的对比 He has failed many times yet he never gives up. nor 表示否定的并列关系，连接两个否定的句子成分，通常与 neither 搭配使用 He didn’t come to the meeting, nor did he call to explain. [指津] (1)when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于at this/that time。常用于下列句式： be about to do sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be on the point of doing sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时突然…… had done sth. when...刚做了某事，这时突然…… He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。 (2)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。 Hurry up，or you'll be late again．快点，否则你会再迟到。 二、状语从句 项目 连词 例句 注意事项 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before，after, since，until, the moment等 When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine. I will tell him the news the moment he comes. 要注意时态一致，一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作用一般现在时(不可用将来时) 地点状语从句 where, wherever Where there is a will, there is a way. We are always welcome wherever we go. 注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词 条件状语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case等 You should go to school unless you are seriously ill. He will certainly pass the exam next term if he works hard at his lessons. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时 原因状语从句 because，since，as，now (that) He didn't go to school because he was ill. As he is a League member, he takes the lead in everything in his class. ①because语气最强，回答why提出的问题；since次之；as最弱； ②as引导的从句往往放在主句前面，for后面的并列分句往往表示一种附带的解释或说明 让步状语从句 although, though，while, as, even if/though，whatever, however, whoever, no matter what/who/how Although he is a child, he knows a lot. Tired as/though I was, I went on with my work. I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am. ①当用though或 although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but； ②as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前 结果状语从句 so...that..., such...that..., so that He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. It was such an interesting novel that I read it three times. I got up late so that I missed the early bus. 在so... that... 和such...that... 结构中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为限定词，后面只能跟名词或名词性短语 方式状语从句 as, just as, as if, as though We should work and study as he did. They talked as if they had been friends for years. as if, as though在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气 比较状语从句 as... as..., not so...as, 比较级＋than He works as hard as everyone else (does) in the class. He is taller than any other student in our school. 可以用比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级＋than＋any other＋单数可数名词 目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that) She studies hard so that/in order that she can enter a key university. Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain. 从句中常用may, might, can, could, should等情态动词 一、语法填空 1．She is very busy these days, she can’t go to the party with us. (用适当的词填空) 2．There is plenty of rain in the southeast there is little in the northeast. (用适当的词填空) 3．So try a few tests online start thinking about your future career right now! (用适当的词填空) 4．Success is not about luck, about the continuous effort. (用适当的词填空) 5．She must have gone out early, she didn’t show up at breakfast. (用适当的词填空) 6．She’s not only a great dramatic actress she’s also very funny. (用适当的词填空) 7．The disagreement was so sharp that neither he I knew how to settle it. (用适当的词填空) 8．Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy angry human faces, according to a new study. (用适当的词填空) 9．You have to balance the advantages the disadvantages of living in the countryside. (用适当的词填空) 10．It is unimportant whether she comes here we go there, only if we can meet.（用适当的词填空） 11．Whether you’re a professional athlete keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you. （用适当的词填空） 12．This hit home for me I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. (用适当的词填空) 13．The singer's performance was outstanding she had practiced hard for a long time, she had a natural talent for music. (用适当的词填空) 14．The house is very old, it is still in good condition, the owner has taken good care of it. (用适当的词填空) 15．Luckily, he was able to get in touch with them the message arrived. (用适当的词填空) 16．The Great Wall is well-known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year. (用适当的词填空) 17．We were about to have a picnic in the park a group of unexpected guests arrived. (用适当的词填空) 18．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. (用适当的词填空) 19． you have already known the truth, I don’t need to explain it again. (用适当的词填空) 20．The plants will die they are not watered regularly, it rains frequently. (用适当的词填空) 21． he was tired from the marathon, he still managed to finish with a personal best. （用适当的词填空） 22．Even it’s getting dark, the farmers are still working on the farm. (用适当的词填空) 23．No matter I have to give a speech, I will get extremely nervous before I start. (用适当的词填空) 24． she is faced with difficulties in writing, she always copes with them actively. (用适当的词填空) 25．Nobody loves money better he does; he takes advantage of every chance to make money. (用适当的词填空) 26．Leave your kids they are and they will grow up healthily and brightly. (用适当的词填空) 27．The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as she were their own mother. (用适当的词填空) 28．There were many cars in the street that I couldn’t get through. (用适当的词填空) 29．Bill had so many falls he got black and blue all over. (用适当的词填空) 30．Come a little bit closer that you can get a better view. (用适当的词填空) 二．专项语篇型填空(并列连词和状语从句) "Everything happens for the best," my mother said　1　 I faced disappointment. "　2　 you can carry on, one day something good will happen."   After graduating from college, I decided to try for a job in a radio station　3　 work my way to a sports announcer. I went to Chicago, knocked on the door of every station, 　4　 got turned down every time.  In one studio, a kind lady advised me to go to the countryside and find a small station, 　5　 big stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperienced person. I returned to my hometown, 　6　 was turned down even when I applied for a job in a sports department of a store. It wasn’t long　7　 I decided to try my luck again in another city. In Davenport, Iowa, the program director of a company got me beside a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game.   　8　 I began to work in the company, I’ve always thought of my mother’s words: "Keep on trying,　9　 some day you will succeed. Something wouldn’t happen without previous failure." 　10　 job I later have done, I always think about what my mother once taught me, which acts as my guideline in life.   　 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I was a kid, one day I found a little sheepdog on my way home from school. The owner was the grandmother of my friend, 31 told me that they were giving the dog away, and I could have her 32 I wanted her. Well, needless to say, I wanted her! When I brought her home with delight, I 33 (tell) we could not have that dog in the house. My father told me we could take care of her 34 we found another home for her. My father did all he could to avoid 35 (stay) with the dog, giving her no attention. Occasionally, he urged me to find the new owner 36 the dog. One day, when my mother and I came home from the grocery store, my mom stopped me at the front window. My dad was on the floor, 37 (play) with that precious little sheepdog. 38 (instant) he heard us at the door, he quickly jumped up, 39 went about his business, but I will never forget 40 I saw that day! When that dog died, my father even cried! The sheepdog has brought wonderful memories to me and my family. 二、阅读理解 An elderly carpenter was ready to retire (退休). He told his employer of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more relaxed life with his wife enjoying his big family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. The employer was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He turned to careless workmanship and used substandard materials (材料). It was an unfortunate way to end his career. When the carpenter finished his work and the builder came to check the house, the employer handed the front-door key to the carpenter. “This is your house, ” he said, “my gift to you”. What a shock! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. Now he had to live in the home he had built none too well. So it is with us. We build our lives in an inattentive way, reacting rather than acting, willing to put up less than the best. At important points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have created and find that we are now living in the house we have built. If we had realized, we would have done it differently. 1．Why didn’t the carpenter focus on his work? A．He had no standard materials. B．He was treated unfairly. C．He was offered very low payment. D．He was eager to retire. 2．How might the carpenter feel knowing the building was his retirement home? A．Regretful. B．Content. C．Annoyed. D．Excited. 3．What does “the house” in the last paragraph stand for? A．Our past. B．Our life. C．Our goal. D．Our job. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Just for a Rest. B．Just for a Nap. C．A Special Noon. D．Taking Naps in Warmer Climate. 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 retire v. 退休 employer n. 雇主 workmanship n. 工艺，做工 substandard materials n. 不合格材料 inattentive adj. 漫不经心的 长难句分析 原句：If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. 译文：如果他早知道他是在建造自己的房子，他会做得完全不同。 分析：本句是虚拟条件句。“If he had only known he was building his own house” 为 if 引导的条件状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时；主句 “he would have done it all so differently” 用 “would have + 过去分词” 结构。 中文翻译 一位老木匠准备退休了。他告诉老板，他打算离开房屋建筑行业，和妻子一起享受大家庭的快乐，过一种更轻松的生活。他会想念薪水，但他需要退休。 老板看到他的好工人要走，感到很遗憾，问他是否可以帮个人忙，再建一栋房子。木匠答应了，但很容易看出他的心思不在工作上。他开始粗心大意地做工，使用不合格的材料。这是结束他职业生涯的不幸方式。 当木匠完成工作，建筑商来检查房子时，老板把前门的钥匙递给了木匠。“这是你的房子，” 他说，“我给你的礼物。” 太震惊了！真可惜！如果他早知道他是在建造自己的房子，他会做得完全不同。现在他不得不住在自己建得不太好的房子里。 我们也是如此。我们以一种漫不经心的方式建立我们的生活，反应而不是行动，愿意付出的比最好的少。在重要的时刻，我们没有尽最大的努力。然后，我们震惊地看到我们创造的局面，发现我们现在住在我们自己建造的房子里。如果我们早意识到，我们会做得不同。 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点04 数词、连词（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段学习了基数词和序数词的基本用法，学习了hundred, thousand等表示约数的用法，以及与单位名词一起作定语或者作表语时的用法。 并列连词有and, or, either.…or, neither.…nor, but, for, so; not only. . . but also. . . 等。等; 从属连词主要有that, whether, if, when, where, so that等 高中阶段需重点掌握年代表示法、年龄表示法以及不定数量词表示“多”的用法。高中阶段，数词表示比较的用法也比较常见 连词主要考查连词的判断选用, 以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中数词考点聚焦】 考点1.基数词 1．—How old is your daughter? —________. We had a surprise party for her ________ birthday last Sunday. A．Twentieth; twentieth B．Twentieth; twenty C．Twenty; twentieth D．Twenty; twenty 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你女儿多大了？——二十。上周日我们为她二十岁生日举办了一个惊喜派对。 考查数词。twenty二十，基数词；twentieth第二十，序数词。年龄用基数词，第二个空表达“第二十个生日”用序数词，故选C。 2．_______ people lost their lives in the traffic accident. A．Three hundreds of B．Three hundred of C．Three hundred D．Hundred of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：三百人在这场交通事故中丧生。 考查数词用法。Three hundreds of错误表达；Three hundred of后面需接限定对象；Three hundred三百；Hundred of错误表达。hundred与具体数字连用时，用单数形式且不加of，故选C。 3．The teaching building in our university is about ________high. A．fifty-five metre B．fifty-five metres C．fifty-five-metre D．fifty five metres 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们大学的教学楼大约有55米高。 考查基数词和复数名词。metre“米”，长度单位，fifty-five“55”，修饰名词复数，排除A；D选项格式错误，排除；英语中，表示“55米高”，用fifty-five metres high或55 metres high。故选B。 考点2.序数词 4．On her ________ birthday, Alice got a beautiful doll from her friend. A．twelve B．twelfth C．nineth D．nine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在她十二岁生日时，爱丽丝收到了朋友送的一个漂亮的洋娃娃。 考查序数词。twelve十二；twelfth第十二；nine九。表示“第几岁生日”要用序数词，排除AD；nine的序数词是ninth，排除C。故选B。 5．This is the ________ time I’ve visited the China-South Asia Expo, and I’m excited. A．one B．first C．two D．second 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我第一次参观中国-南亚博览会，我很兴奋。 考查基数词和序数词。one一；first第一；two二；second第二。根据“and I’m excited.”可知是第一次参加，所以很兴奋，表示顺序用序数词。故选B。 6．Li Ming will be ________. His parents are going to have a party for his ________birthday. A．twelve; twelfth B．twelfth; twelfth C．twelve; twelve 【答案】A 【详解】句意：李明将要十二岁了。他的父母准备为他十二岁生日举办一个聚会。 考查数词。twelve十二；twelfth第十二。根据“Li Ming will be…”可知，此处指十二岁了，用基数词twelve；根据“his… birthday”可知，此处指第十二个生日，用序数词twelfth“第十二”。故选A。 考点3.分数、年代 7．________ of the workers in the factory are men. A．Three fifths B．Three fifth C．Third fifth D．Third fifths 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这家工厂里五分之三的工人是男性。 考查分数的表达。分数的表达方式为“基数词+序数词”，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数，故“五分之三”为three fifths，故选A。 8．There are fifty students in our class, and _______ of us like football. A．two third B．two thirds C．two three D．second thirds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们班有五十个学生，三分之二的人喜欢足球。 考查分数的表达方法。分数的构成法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1，分母加s。所以“三分之二”的表达为：two thirds。故选B。 9．It’s reported that about ________ of the Math teachers in Shanghai are under the age of 35. A．three-fifth B．third-fifths C．thirds-fifth D．three-fifths 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，上海五分之三的数学教师年龄在35岁以下。 考查分数的表达。根据“It’s reported that about …of the Math teachers in Shanghai are under the age of 35.”可知，此处表示分数，英语中分数的表达规则为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于1，分母需变为复数形式，此处选项D符合规则。故选D。 10．His father joined the Party in ________when he was in________ . A．1960s; twenties B．the 1960s; his twentieth C．1960; his twenties D．1960s; the twenties 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的父亲在1960年20多岁的时候加入了党。 考查数词。动词“joined the Party”指的是具体的哪一年，用in+表示年份的阿拉伯数字，此处用in 1960。表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄，用“in one’s+逢十的基数词的复数”，此处用in his twenties。故选C。 【高中数词考点聚焦】 课标解读 要求学生掌握基数词的构成和读法，包括多位数的表达，如千位、百万位、十亿位等的表示方法。要熟悉 “hundred, thousand, million, billion” 等在具体语境下的用法，如在表示确切数字时是否加 “s”，在表示大概数目时的搭配等。掌握分数、小数、百分数等的表达方式，包括它们在句子中的正确读法和使用场景。 考点清单 数词命题热点归纳 要点精讲1：基数词和序数词的用法 1.序数词前必须加the。如：The second is what I really need.第二个是我真正需要的。 2.序数词前若有限定词，则可以不用加the。如：It is my third time to visit Beijing. 这是我第三次参观北京。 3.序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一,再”，内含顺序性。如：We have tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三遍了。还必须再试一次(第四次)吗? 要点精讲2：年龄、长、宽、高、面积等的表示方法 基数词加量词(meter(s) /kilometer(s)/kilo(s)/year(s)/...)加形容词(long/wide/high/deep)。如： three years old 三岁大; two meters tall 两米高; ten meters long 十米长 要点精讲3：hundred, thousand, million与billion的用法 1. hundred, thousand, million, billion表示具体数目时用单数，在表示“数百”“数千”“数百万”“数十亿”等不确定的数目时，用“hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/billions of+可数名词复数”表示。与of 连用时，要用复数形式，但前面不能再加数字。如：thousands of factories 成千上万家工厂 2. 与具体的数字one, two...或several, some, many等词连用时，要用单数形式。如： five hundred people 500人 two thousand books 两千本书 many million trees 几百万棵树 要点精讲4：年份、日期与编号的表示法 1. 年份、日期、编号的表达 ◆年份、日期表示法 通常英式英语表达为“日、月、年”，而美式英语表达为“月、日、年”。一般年份用基数词，日期用序数词(可简写)，月份用月份名称，年份后面不用year(年)。如： on August 8th, 2023在2023年8月8日 ◆编号表示法 名词加基数词等于the加序数词加名词。 如：第一课Lesson One等于the first lesson;第二页Page Two等于the second page 路公车Bus Number 2 或the Number 2 bus。 有时可以直接用数字来表示。如： Room Two O Six, Class Two， Grade One...(注意：使用时要注意大小写) 2. 年份、日期、时间的读法 ◆年份：四位数通常分两组来读。 如：1999读作：nineteen ninety-nine ◆日期：用序数词来表示。 如：November 3rd读作：November the third ◆时间：时间的读法有以下方法： 一般直接按照表示时间的数字来读。另外英语中的15分钟也可以说成a quarter,如： 8:30读作：eight thirty 4:15读作:a quarter past four 要点精讲5：分数的构成 分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。 ►1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths 【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法： ►a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一 three quarters=three fourths 四分之三 要点精讲6：其他重要表达方式： half an hour半小时 one and a half hours 等于one hour and a half一个半小时 in one’s thirties在某人30多岁(区别：in the thirties在30年代) an eight-year-old boy一个八岁的男孩 a 100-meter-long bridge一座100米长的桥 a ten-minute walk=ten minutes' walk步行10分钟的路程 two more hours=another two hours再多两个小时 一、语法填空 1．There are nineteen people waiting for the dentist in front of me. I’m the (twenty). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】twentieth 【详解】考查序数词。句意：有19个人在我前面等牙医，我是第20个。根据句意可知，此处需要使用序数词表示顺序，twenty是基数词，其对应的序数词是twentieth。故填twentieth。 2．Wu Dajing, together with his teammates, won China’s (one) gold medal at the 2022 Winter Olympics. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】first 【详解】考查序数词。句意：武大靖和他的队友们赢得了中国在2022年冬奥会上的第一枚金牌。此处需要用序数词表示“第一枚”，故将one变为序数词first。故填first。 3．The cost of production in our country is (two) more than that in the other countries. 【答案】twice 【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：我国的生产成本是其他国家的两倍。本句用的是“倍数+比较级+than”结构，two对应的表示两倍的词是twice。故填twice。 4．In the (two) part, there is a test in Grammar and Vocabulary. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】second 【详解】考查序数词。句意：在第二部分，有一个语法和词汇测试。根据空前的the以及句意可知，此处指在第二部分，有一个语法和词汇测试。所以空处需要two的序数词。故填second。 5．Sports team owners spend (million) of dollars attracting top talent. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】millions 【详解】考查名词。句意：运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。millions of意为“数百万的”，为固定搭配。故填millions。 6．Two (five) of the land in that country (be) covered with trees and grass now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 fifths is 【详解】考查分数表达和主谓一致。句意：现在那个国家五分之二的土地被树木和草地覆盖着。首先，“two fifths” 表示“五分之二”，“fifth”需用复数形式“fifths”。其次，“分数+of+名词” 构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词形式取决于of后面的名词。此处 “land” 是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填①fifths②is。 7．This year, Remila spent her (five) Spring Festival aboard the carrier. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】fifth 【详解】考查序数词。句意：今年，蕾米拉在航母上度过了第五个春节。此处表示“第五个”应用序数词fifth，故填fifth。 8．There are approximately 12 (million) migrants with their dependants living in the EU countries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】million 【详解】考查数词的用法。句意：大约有1200万移民及其家属生活在欧盟国家。million意为“百万”，与具体数字连用时，用单数形式，且其后不加of，12 million表示“1200万”。故填million。 9．The Great Wall is known as (被认为) the (eight) wonder (奇迹) of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】eighth 【详解】考查序数词。句意：长城被认为是世界上第八大奇迹。定冠词the修饰序数词，此处应用序数词表示顺序。故填eighth。 10．Two (five) of the students in our class are going to summer camp in Beijing next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fifths 【详解】考查分数的表达和主谓一致。句意：我们班五分之二的学生下周要去北京参加夏令营。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式。因此，五分之二是two fifths。故填fifths。 11．The (nine) Asian Winter Games will be held in 2025 in the city of Harbin. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ninth 【详解】考查序数词。句意：第九届亚洲冬季运动会将于2025年在哈尔滨市举行。根据The和Asian Winter Games可知，修饰单数名词Asian Winter Games，定冠词the后用序数词ninth “第九”，作定语。故填ninth。 12．You’d better go home to see your parents (two) a week. They need more care. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】twice 【详解】考查固定用法。句意：你最好每周回家看你父母两次。他们需要更多的照顾。twice意为“两次，两倍”，twice a week“一周两次”。故填twice。 13．A woman in her (sixty) told him her husband had died of cancer a week earlier. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sixties 【详解】考查数词表达法。句意：一位六十几岁的妇女告诉他，她丈夫一周前死于癌症。in one’s sixties意为“在某人六十多岁时”。故填sixties。 14．In 2013, nearly a (three) of its population was still living under the absolute poverty line. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】third 【详解】考查序数词。句意：于2013年，这个地区三分之一人口还仍然生活在绝对贫困线以下。此处考查分数的表达法。三分之一表达为：one third (a third) 。故填third。 15．There are twelve floors in this building and Mr. Wu’s office is on the (four) floor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fourth 【详解】考查数词。句意：这栋楼有十二层，吴先生的办公室在四楼。所设空表达的是顺序和位置，指第四层楼，应用序数词，故填fourth。 16．The captain said she was the (twelve) tutor, who had come to look after his children since their mother died. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】twelfth 【详解】考查数词。句意:上校说自从孩子们的母亲去世以后,她是来照看孩子的第十二位家庭教师。表示“第十二”用序数词twelfth。故填twelfth。 17．The majority of the inhabitants left for the mainland in the early (1990). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】1990s/1990’s 【详解】考查数词。句意：在二十世纪九十年代早期，大多数居民前往大陆。in the early 1990s/1990’s表示“在20世纪90年代”。故填1990s/1990’s。 18．She went to the bookstore and bought (dozen) of books.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】dozens 【详解】考查名词。句意：她去书店买了几十本书。 dozen意为“一打，十二个”，与of连用时要用复数形式，dozens of意为“若干，许多”，故填dozens。 19．The lady still keeps jogging even in her (ninety). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】nineties 【详解】考查基数词。句意：这位女士九十多岁了还坚持慢跑。“in one’s+几十的复数形式”为固定搭配，表示“某人的年龄处于某段时间”，ninety的复数形式是nineties。故填nineties。 20．As we can learn from the newspaper, they are already in their (thirty) without a child. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】thirties 【详解】考查数词的用法。句意：我们从报纸上可以了解到，他们已经三十多岁了，没有孩子。“in one’s+基数词的复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”，为固定搭配。故填thirties。 一、完成句子 1．There were (成千上万) people taking part in the movement. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】thousands of 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：成千上万人参加了这次运动。“成千上万”用固定搭配thousands of，作定语，修饰后面的people。故填thousands of。 2．The theme park being built (是……的五倍大) the original one. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】is five times the size of/is five times as large as/is five times larger than 【详解】考查倍数表达。句意：正在建造的主题公园是原来的五倍大。此处为倍数表达，表示“是……的几倍大”可用倍数+the+名词+of/倍数+as…as/倍数+比较级+than；此处表示“五倍”用five times；表示“大”用形容词large。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The theme park，谓语用单数。故填is five times the size of/ is five times as large as/ is five times larger than。 3．However, making a paper bag uses and up to three times the amount of water. 然而，制造一个纸袋消耗的能量是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，用水量多达三倍。 【答案】four times as much energy as making a plastic bag 【详解】考查倍数表达法。根据句意可知，本句为倍数表达法：倍数+as...as +比较对象。“四倍”为four times；“能量”为energy；“制造一个塑料袋”为make a plastic bag，应用动名词，作介词宾语。故填four times as much energy as making a plastic bag。 4．据说这个发电站现在是过去的两倍大。 It’s said that the power plant what it was. 【答案】is now twice as large as 【详解】考查倍数表达法、副词和形容词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“现在是……的两倍大”，描述的是当前的情况，时态应用一般现在时，“是”用be动词，主语the power plant是单数，be动词应用is，“现在”可用副词now，可用“倍数+as+形容词+as”表示事物之间的倍数关系，“两倍”可用副词twice，“大（的）”可用形容词large。故填is now twice as large as。 5．最新调查表明，美国人去公园的花费是欧洲人的两倍。 Americans’ spending on park visits is Europeans, according to the latest survey. 【答案】 twice that of 【详解】考查倍数词。twice of意为是……的两倍，这里需用that代指 spending on park visits，故填twice that of。 6．正如上次我们讨论的那样，这意味着我们的费用将是以前的三倍。(as... as) As we discussed last time, this means that it will cost us . 【答案】three times as much as before 【详解】考查倍数表达法。“是以前的三倍”使用倍数表达法“倍数+as...as...”，“三倍”three times，且“费用”指的是钱，为不可数名词，要用much表示“多”，“以前”before。故填three times as much as before。 7．With many books to read, I have no time to chat with you. (同义句转换) With books to read, I have no time to chat with you. 【答案】dozens of 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：有这么多的书要读，我没时间跟你聊天。对比句子可知，空处缺少many的同义表达，修饰复数名词books，可用固定短语dozens of表示“许多的、大量的”，故填dozens of。 8．我叔叔在市中心的房子比我们的小得多，但价格是我们房子的两倍。（倍数表达法） My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but ． 【答案】it is twice as expensive as ours/it is twice more expensive than ours/it is twice the price of ours 【详解】考查倍数表达法。根据中英文提示，设空处表示“价格是我们房子的两倍”，应用倍数表达法。常用的倍数表达法有三种：①A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B；②A+谓语+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B；③A+谓语+倍数+the size/length/height/width/price…+of+B。这里表示价格，用前两种结构时，可用形容词expensive作表语，用第三种结构时，可用名词price。故答案为it is twice as expensive as ours/it is twice more expensive than ours/it is twice the price of ours。 9．全国几乎三分之一的地方均有震感。 Nearly of the whole nation felt it. 【答案】 one/a third 【详解】考查分数表达法等。根据句意可知，表示分数时可使用基数词+序数词，分子为1时，可以用one，也可以用a，序数词用单数形式。表示“三分之一”为one third或a third。故填①one/a；②third。 10．我们班有四分之一的男生不喜欢英语。 in our class don’t like English. 【答案】 One quarter of the boys 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。根据句意可知，空格处涉及固定短语“one quarter of…”，意为“……的四分之一”，“boy”意为“男生”，为可数名词，句中应用其复数形式“boys”，前面用定冠词“the”修饰，作“of”的宾语，句首单词首字母大写，“One quarter of the boys”表示“四分之一的男生”。故填One quarter of the boys。 二、语法填空 Tai chi is a Chinese martial art often practiced with the purpose of 11 (improve) health. The practice forms of tai chi are well known 12 relaxing, circular movements that work in harmony with breath regulation (调节). It can not only keep your mind calm but also make your body strong. As you focus on your breathing and movements, your mind can clear itself of its worries, 13 does your whole body good. 14 (influence) by Taoist and Confucian thoughts, and the ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, the practice has developed into several styles, 15 (usual) named after a master, such as the Chen-style and Yang-style. Chen Bing, one of the 16 (master) of the Chen-style tai chi, has been practicing the martial art since he 17 (be) six years old. More than two decades of practice has made him a master. “One’s understanding of tai chi can develop when the practice continues. As one’s experience grows, it becomes much 18 (easy) and faster to understand its cultural meanings,” Chen Bing explains. Tai chi has taught Chen Bing 19 (stay) calm during life’s ups and downs, and to learn about the world with 20 open mind. Moreover, the martial art encourages using gentleness to get over toughness, and making use of weakness to win strength through one’s self-awareness, which shows the wisdom of Taoism. 【答案】 11．improving 12．for 13．which 14．Influenced 15．usually 16．masters 17．was 18．easier 19．to stay 20．an 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统武术太极拳，主要包括其练习的目的、好处和发展，以及这门武术蕴含的文化意义和人生哲学。 11．考查非谓语动词句意：太极是一种中国武术，人们练习它通常是为了增进健康。of 是介词，后接动名词作宾语，improve的动名词形式为improving。故填improving。 12．考查介词。句意：太极的练习形式以放松的、循环的动作与呼吸调节协调配合而闻名。“be well known for...”为固定搭配，意为“因…… 而闻名”。故填for。 13．考查定语从句。句意：当你专注于呼吸和动作时，你的头脑可以消除忧虑，这对你的整个身体都有好处。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which 引导。故填which。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：受道家和儒家思想以及中医理念的影响，这种练习已经发展成几种风格，通常以一位大师的名字命名，如陈氏太极和杨氏太极。the practice与influence之间是被动关系，即“这种练习被影响”，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Influenced。 15．考查副词。句意：受道家和儒家思想以及中医理念的影响，这种练习已经发展成几种风格，通常以一位大师的名字命名，如陈氏太极和杨氏太极。这里用副词usually修饰动词named，表示“通常”。故填usually。 16．考查名词复数。句意：陈炳，陈氏太极的大师之一，从六岁起就开始练习这种武术。“one of + 可数名词复数”表示“…… 之一”，所以用master的复数形式masters。故填masters。 17．考查时态。句意：陈炳，陈氏太极的大师之一，从六岁起就开始练习这种武术。根据语境，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语he是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was。 18．考查形容词比较级。句意：陈炳解释说：“随着练习的持续，一个人对太极的理解会得到提升。随着经验的增长，理解其文化内涵会变得更容易、更快。”由and后的faster可知，这里也要用比较级，easy的比较级是easier。故填easier。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：太极教会了陈炳在人生的起起落落中保持冷静，以开放的心态了解世界。“teach sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“教某人做某事”，所以用动词不定式to stay作宾语补足语。故填to stay。 20．考查冠词。句意：太极教会了陈炳在人生的起起落落中保持冷静，以开放的心态了解世界。“open”以元音音素开头，这里表示“一种开放的心态”，用不定冠词。故填an。 【初中连词考点聚焦】 考点一 并列连词 1．—It’s reported that a big shopping mall will be built in the town. —Really? I think it’s good news for my mother ________ bad news for my father. A．and B．but C．or D．yet 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——据报道这个大型购物广场将会在城镇建成。——真的？我认为这对我妈妈来说是个好消息，但对于我爸来说是个坏消息。 考查并列连词辨析。and并且；but但是；or或者；否则；yet然而，用于否定句或疑问句中。根据句意可知，空格前后两句话为转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故选B。 2．—Do you like this green dress, Kate? —It looks nice, _________ it may not look good on me. A．but B．for C．or D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——凯特，你喜欢这个绿色的裙子吗？——它看起来很好，但它可能穿在我身上不好看。 考查连词辨析。but但是；for因为；or否则；so因此。根据句意可知，前后两句为转折关系，应用but。故选A。 3．Our head teacher always tells us books and friends should be few good. A．and B．or C．so D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们班主任总是告诉我们，书和朋友应该少而精。 考查连词辨析。and和，表示并列关系；or或者，表示选择关系；so所以，表示因果关系；but但是，表示转折关系。根据few“少的”以及good“好的”，可知两者之间是转折关系，因此用but来连接。故选D。 4．My cousin Laura wants to be the best dancer, _________ it’s very difficult because it’s so competitive. A．and B．so C．but D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的堂姐劳拉想成为最好的舞者，但这很难，因为竞争太激烈了。 考查并列连词辨析。and和，并列关系；so因此，因果关系；but但是，转折关系；or或者，选择关系。由“My cousin Laura wants to be the best dancer, … it’s very difficult because it’s so competitive”可知，前后句存在转折关系。故选C。 5．—What about going out to play football? —I’m afraid not. The ground is wet, ________ it rained last night. A．so B．and C．but D．for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——出去踢足球怎么样？——恐怕不行。地面很湿，因为昨天晚上下雨了。 考查连词辨析。so因此；and和；but但是；for因为。根据“The ground is wet, ... it rained last night.”可知空后是地面湿的原因，用for连接表因果关系的并列句。故选D。 考点二 从属连词 1．My hometown has changed a lot ________ the subway was put into use. A．unless B．since C．if D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从地铁投入使用以来，我的家乡改变了很多。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；since自从；if如果；when当……时候。根据“My hometown has changed a lot ... the subway was put into use.”可知从句是一般过去时，主句是现在完成时，用since引导时间状语从句。故选B。 2．You won’t be allowed to enter the school _________ your temperature is higher than normal. A．if B．until C．though D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你的体温高于正常值，你就不能进入学校。 考查连词 。if如果；until直到；though虽然；unless除非。根据“You won’t be allowed to enter the school”以及“your temperature is higher than normal.”可知，两句之间是条件关系，如果温度不正常就不能进学校，应用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。 3．As a policeman, Tom’s father is too busy to play with him __________ he expects to. A．even though B．so that C．as soon as D．as long as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：作为一名警察，汤姆的父亲太忙了，没有时间和他一起玩，尽管他想和他一起玩。 考查连词辨析。even though尽管；so that以便；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要。根据“Tom’s father is too busy to play with him...he expects to.”可知前后句是让步关系，应用even though引导让步状语从句，故选A。 4．—Daddy, can I go out to play soccer with my friends now? —Well, you can’t go ________ you finish your homework first. A．if B．since C．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我现在可以和朋友们出去踢足球吗? ——嗯，你不能去，除非你先完成作业。 考查从属连词辨析。if如果；since自从；unless除非。根据“you can’t go”和“you finish your homework first”可知要去踢足球的前提是先完成作业，因此应用unless“除非”来连接，此处unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 5．—The environment is terrible. —I think it will be even worse ______ the government takes actions to protect it. A．until B．when C．if D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——环境很糟糕。——我认为情况会更糟，除非政府采取行动保护它。 考查连词词义辨析。until直到；when当……时；if如果；unless 除非，如果不。分析语境可知，除非政府采取行动保护环境，否则会更糟。应用unless引导条件状语从句，故选D。 【高中连词考点聚焦】 课标解读 要求理解并列句的结构, 掌握并列连词的基本意义, 根据句子之间的相互关系能正确运用连词。掌握构成并列句的并列连词如: and, or, but, yet, so, while, when和either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 等。及在名词性从句，状语从句，定语从句中连词的用法 考点清单 一、并列句 并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。 连接词 用法 示例 and 表示并列、顺承关系，连接两个意义相近或相关的句子成分 He likes reading books and his sister enjoys watching movies. but 表示转折关系，连接两个意义相对或相反的句子成分 She is beautiful but she is not kind. or 表示选择关系，连接两个可供选择的句子成分 You can walk there or you can take a bus. so 表示因果关系，连接两个有因果关系的句子成分 He was ill so he didn’t go to school. for 表示因果关系，连接两个句子，后句是前句的原因或解释 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. yet 表示转折关系，连接两个句子，通常用于强调后句与前句的对比 He has failed many times yet he never gives up. nor 表示否定的并列关系，连接两个否定的句子成分，通常与 neither 搭配使用 He didn’t come to the meeting, nor did he call to explain. [指津] (1)when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于at this/that time。常用于下列句式： be about to do sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be on the point of doing sth. when...正要做某事，这时突然…… be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时突然…… had done sth. when...刚做了某事，这时突然…… He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow.他正要去上学，这时突然刮起了大风。 (2)“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。 Hurry up，or you'll be late again．快点，否则你会再迟到。 二、状语从句 项目 连词 例句 注意事项 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before，after, since，until, the moment等 When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine. I will tell him the news the moment he comes. 要注意时态一致，一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作用一般现在时(不可用将来时) 地点状语从句 where, wherever Where there is a will, there is a way. We are always welcome wherever we go. 注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词 条件状语从句 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case等 You should go to school unless you are seriously ill. He will certainly pass the exam next term if he works hard at his lessons. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时 原因状语从句 because，since，as，now (that) He didn't go to school because he was ill. As he is a League member, he takes the lead in everything in his class. ①because语气最强，回答why提出的问题；since次之；as最弱； ②as引导的从句往往放在主句前面，for后面的并列分句往往表示一种附带的解释或说明 让步状语从句 although, though，while, as, even if/though，whatever, however, whoever, no matter what/who/how Although he is a child, he knows a lot. Tired as/though I was, I went on with my work. I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am. ①当用though或 although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but； ②as引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前 结果状语从句 so...that..., such...that..., so that He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him. It was such an interesting novel that I read it three times. I got up late so that I missed the early bus. 在so... that... 和such...that... 结构中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为限定词，后面只能跟名词或名词性短语 方式状语从句 as, just as, as if, as though We should work and study as he did. They talked as if they had been friends for years. as if, as though在方式状语从句中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气 比较状语从句 as... as..., not so...as, 比较级＋than He works as hard as everyone else (does) in the class. He is taller than any other student in our school. 可以用比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级＋than＋any other＋单数可数名词 目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that) She studies hard so that/in order that she can enter a key university. Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain. 从句中常用may, might, can, could, should等情态动词 一、语法填空 1．She is very busy these days, she can’t go to the party with us. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查连词。句意：她这些天很忙，所以她不能和我们一起去参加聚会。根据句意可知，此处为连词“so”，表示“所以”在这里表示因果关系，“She is very busy these days”（她这些天很忙）是原因，“she can’t go to the party with us”（她不能和我们一起去参加派对）是结果。故填so。 2．There is plenty of rain in the southeast there is little in the northeast. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】while 【详解】考查连词。句意：东南部的降雨量很大，而东北部的降雨量很少。前后连接为并列句，表对比关系，应用while连接，故填while。 3．So try a few tests online start thinking about your future career right now! (用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：所以，试着在网上做几个测试，现在就开始考虑你的未来职业吧！前后两句为并列关系，应用连词and连接两个祈使句，故填and。 4．Success is not about luck, about the continuous effort. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：成功不是靠运气，而是靠不断的努力。not...but...是固定搭配，意为 “不是…… 而是……”，根据句意，故填but。 5．She must have gone out early, she didn’t show up at breakfast. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【详解】考查连词。句意：她一定是一大早就出去了，因为她没有出现在早餐桌上。此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意，上下文之间为因果关系，下文是对上文的解释，所以此处为表示原因的并列连词for。故填for。 6．She’s not only a great dramatic actress she’s also very funny. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：她不仅是一个伟大的戏剧演员，而且她也很有趣。not only…but also…为固定连接结构，意思为：不仅……而且……。空处缺少but。故填but。 7．The disagreement was so sharp that neither he I knew how to settle it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】nor 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这分歧如此尖锐，以至于他和我都不知道如何解决。根据neither he和I可知，此处考查固定搭配neither…nor…“既不……也不……”。故填nor。 8．Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy angry human faces, according to a new study. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：一项新的研究表明，狗可能确实能够区分快乐和愤怒的人脸。此处为固定搭配：between...and...“在……和……之间”。故填and。 9．You have to balance the advantages the disadvantages of living in the countryside. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】against/with/and 【详解】考查介词。句意：你必须权衡住在农村的利弊。balance the advantages against / with / and the disadvantages“权衡利弊”是固定搭配。故填against / with / and。 10．It is unimportant whether she comes here we go there, only if we can meet.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：她来这里还是我们去那里都不重要，只要我们能见面就行。此处是固定搭配：whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。 11．Whether you’re a professional athlete keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：无论您是专业运动员还是运动爱好者，DX运动腕表都是您的理想选择。whether...or...无论是……还是……。为固定搭配，引导让步状语从句。故填or。 12．This hit home for me I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as/when/while 【详解】考查连词。句意：春节期间，当我和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上时，我清楚地认识到了这一点。设空处引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，且主句动作与从句动作同时发生，故填 as/when/while。 13．The singer's performance was outstanding she had practiced hard for a long time, she had a natural talent for music. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 because and 【详解】考查连词。句意：这位歌手的表演非常出色，因为她长时间刻苦练习，而且她有音乐天赋。“because” 引导原因状语从句，阐述歌手表演出色的原因是长时间刻苦练习；“and” 连接前后两个句子，进一步说明她有音乐天赋也是表演出色的因素之一，“and” 在这里将两个表演出色的原因并列起来，体现了句子的逻辑完整性和连贯性。故填because；and。 14．The house is very old, it is still in good condition, the owner has taken good care of it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 but for 【详解】考查连词。句意：这座房子非常旧，但是它仍然状况良好，因为主人把它照料得很好。“but” 连接前后两个句子，形成转折关系，房子虽旧但状况良好；“for” 引导原因状语从句，说明房子状况好的原因是主人照料得当，“for”的语气相对较弱，用于补充解释原因。故填but; for。 15．Luckily, he was able to get in touch with them the message arrived. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】考查连词。句意：幸运的是，他能够在消息到达之前与他们取得联系。根据句意和空格后的the message arrived可知，空格处应该用连词引导时间状语从句，且意义为“在……之前”，应该用before。故填before。 16．The Great Wall is well-known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：长城是如此著名的一个旅游景点，以至于每年都有很多游客来这座城市参观。“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that...”为固定句型。so... that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 故填so。 17．We were about to have a picnic in the park a group of unexpected guests arrived. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查连词。句意：我们正打算在公园里野餐，这时一群不速之客到了。空处连接两个句子，应填连词，结合句意可知，句子使用了固定句型“be about to do...when...”，意为“正打算做某事，这时……”，when引导时间状语从句，表示“这时，突然”。故填when。 18．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查连接副词。句意：他总是把车停在他能从窗户看到的地方，只是为了确保安全。 he can see it from the window是地点状语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“（在）……的地方”，所以应该用连接副词where。故填where。 19． you have already known the truth, I don’t need to explain it again. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Since 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然你已经知道了真相，我就不需要再解释了。此处引导原因状语从句，意为 “既然”，用since引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填：Since。 20．The plants will die they are not watered regularly, it rains frequently. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 if unless 【详解】考查连词。句意：如果不定期浇水，这些植物就会死亡，除非经常下雨。由句意空①应填if，引导条件状语从句；空②应填unless，相当于if...not，引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”。故空①填if，空②填unless。 21． he was tired from the marathon, he still managed to finish with a personal best. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】Although/Though/While 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他跑马拉松很累，但他仍然以个人最好成绩完成了比赛。结合语意可知，此处应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，符合题意，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。 22．Even it’s getting dark, the farmers are still working on the farm. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if/though 【详解】考查连词。句意：即使天黑了，农民们仍在农场里干活。此处表示“尽管，即使”，应用even if/though。故填if/though。 23．No matter I have to give a speech, I will get extremely nervous before I start. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论什么时候我要发表演讲，在开始之前我都会非常紧张。根据句意及空前“No matter”可知，此处是no matter when引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论什么时候”。故填when。 24． she is faced with difficulties in writing, she always copes with them actively. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whenever 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论何时她在写作中遇到困难，她总是积极地去解决。结合句意可知，此处表示“无论什么时候”为whenever，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Whenever。 25．Nobody loves money better he does; he takes advantage of every chance to make money. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】than 【详解】考查连词。句意：没有人比他更爱钱，他利用一切机会赚钱。根据句意可知，此处为连词than，构成better than“比……更”引导比较状语从句，满足句意要求。故填than。 26．Leave your kids they are and they will grow up healthily and brightly. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句的引导词。句意：让孩子顺其自然地成长，他们会长大得健康又开朗。空处引导方式状语从句，表示“按照，以……的方式”应用as。故答案是as。 27．The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as she were their own mother. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】if/though 【详解】考查方式状语从句。句意：孩子们和她非常友好，甚至把她当作自己的母亲一样尊敬。本空引导方式状语从句，表示“好像”，用as if/though。故填if/though。 28．There were many cars in the street that I couldn’t get through. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：街上的车太多了，我无法通过。结合“many cars”可知，此处应用“so many+可数名词复数+that…”引导结果状语从句，表示“如此多的……以至于……”。故填so。 29．Bill had so many falls he got black and blue all over. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：比尔摔了那么多跤，以致于他浑身青一块紫一块的。此处为“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以致于……”符合句意。故填that。 30．Come a little bit closer that you can get a better view. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：再靠近一点儿，以便你能看得更清楚。根据句子前后逻辑关系可知，“Come a little bit closer”的目的是“you can get a better view”，所以空处需要填入一个引导目的状语从句的连词。结合空后that可知，空处应填so，so that意为“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句，符合此处语境。故填so。 二．专项语篇型填空(并列连词和状语从句) "Everything happens for the best," my mother said　1　 I faced disappointment. "　2　 you can carry on, one day something good will happen."   After graduating from college, I decided to try for a job in a radio station　3　 work my way to a sports announcer. I went to Chicago, knocked on the door of every station, 　4　 got turned down every time.  In one studio, a kind lady advised me to go to the countryside and find a small station, 　5　 big stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperienced person. I returned to my hometown, 　6　 was turned down even when I applied for a job in a sports department of a store. It wasn’t long　7　 I decided to try my luck again in another city. In Davenport, Iowa, the program director of a company got me beside a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game.   　8　 I began to work in the company, I’ve always thought of my mother’s words: "Keep on trying,　9　 some day you will succeed. Something wouldn’t happen without previous failure." 　10　 job I later have done, I always think about what my mother once taught me, which acts as my guideline in life.   　本文讲述了作者坚持不懈,最后找到工作的事。 1.whenever/when　从句意的连贯性看,这里用whenever引导时间状语从句,表示"每当我面对失望的时候"。也可用when。 2.If　如果你继续坚持,总有一天会有好事发生。根据句意可知,这里用If引导条件状语从句。 3.and　大学毕业后,我决定争取在无线电台找份工作,并一步一步努力,最终成为一名体育播音员。这里用并列连词and连接并列的不定式短语。 4.but　可是我每次都被拒绝了。此处表示转折,故用but表示"可是"。 5.because/as　语境表示因果关系,空后说的是原因,故填because/as。因为大的广播电台都不会冒风险去雇用一个没有经验的人。 6.but　此处表示转折,故填but。 7.before　这里为"It is/was not long+before..."句型,表示"没过多久就……"。 8.Since　主句使用了现在完成时,而这个状语从句使用了一般过去时,因此这里用since引导时间状语从句,表示"自我开始在这家公司工作以来"。 9.and　此处为"祈使句+and+陈述句"句式,故填and。 10.Whatever　根据句意可知,本空要用连词引导让步状语从句并修饰job,表示"不管什么工作",故填Whatever。 一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I was a kid, one day I found a little sheepdog on my way home from school. The owner was the grandmother of my friend, 31 told me that they were giving the dog away, and I could have her 32 I wanted her. Well, needless to say, I wanted her! When I brought her home with delight, I 33 (tell) we could not have that dog in the house. My father told me we could take care of her 34 we found another home for her. My father did all he could to avoid 35 (stay) with the dog, giving her no attention. Occasionally, he urged me to find the new owner 36 the dog. One day, when my mother and I came home from the grocery store, my mom stopped me at the front window. My dad was on the floor, 37 (play) with that precious little sheepdog. 38 (instant) he heard us at the door, he quickly jumped up, 39 went about his business, but I will never forget 40 I saw that day! When that dog died, my father even cried! The sheepdog has brought wonderful memories to me and my family. 【答案】 31．who 32．if 33．was told 34．until/before 35．staying 36．for 37．playing 38．Instantly 39．and 40．what 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者收留的一只牧羊犬和家人相处的故事。 31．考查定语从句连接词。句意：狗的主人是我朋友的祖母，她告诉我他们要把狗送人，如果我想要的话，我可以得到她。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词grandmother，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，因此用who。 32．考查状语从句连接词。句意：如果我想要的话，我可以得到她。句中的"I wanted her"是作者收留小狗的条件，if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 33．考查动词时态语态。句意：当我高兴地把她带回家时，有人告诉我不能让那只狗呆在家里。文中叙述的是过去发生的事，作者又是被家人告知，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was told。 34．考查连接词。句意：我父亲告诉我，我们可以照顾她，直到我们为她找到另一个家。根据句意表示“直到……”，故填until。或填before，表示“我父亲告诉我，我们可以在为她找到另一个家之前照顾她。”。 35．考查动词的固定结构。句意：我父亲尽其所能避免和狗呆在一起，对她不理不睬。短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，后接动名词作宾语。故填staying。 36．考查介词。句意：偶尔，他催我给狗找个新主人。根据句意可知表示“为了……”，故填for。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：我爸爸在地板上，和那只宝贝小牧羊犬玩耍。本句中play用非谓语形式，与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填playing。 38．考查连接词。句意：他一听到我们在门口，马上跳了起来，继续干他的事，但是我永远也不会忘记那天我所看到的一切！依据句子结构可知，此处缺少连接词，依据句意“父亲一听到我们的声音，他立刻就……”可知，应用Instantly作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”。故填Instantly。 39．考查连词。依据该空前后的两个动作jumped up和went about his business可知，这是两个连续的动作，因此用and连接。故填and。 40．考查连接词。句意：但是我永远也不会忘记那天我所看到的一切！空处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指“我所看到的事情”，故用what。 【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点： (1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等) (2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why) (3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句) 如第一小题，分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词grandmother，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，因此用who。 二、阅读理解 An elderly carpenter was ready to retire (退休). He told his employer of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more relaxed life with his wife enjoying his big family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. The employer was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He turned to careless workmanship and used substandard materials (材料). It was an unfortunate way to end his career. When the carpenter finished his work and the builder came to check the house, the employer handed the front-door key to the carpenter. “This is your house, ” he said, “my gift to you”. What a shock! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. Now he had to live in the home he had built none too well. So it is with us. We build our lives in an inattentive way, reacting rather than acting, willing to put up less than the best. At important points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have created and find that we are now living in the house we have built. If we had realized, we would have done it differently. 1．Why didn’t the carpenter focus on his work? A．He had no standard materials. B．He was treated unfairly. C．He was offered very low payment. D．He was eager to retire. 2．How might the carpenter feel knowing the building was his retirement home? A．Regretful. B．Content. C．Annoyed. D．Excited. 3．What does “the house” in the last paragraph stand for? A．Our past. B．Our life. C．Our goal. D．Our job. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Just for a Rest. B．Just for a Nap. C．A Special Noon. D．Taking Naps in Warmer Climate. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名即将退休的木匠的故事，告诉人们应该如何面对生活和人生。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“He told his employer of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more relaxed life with his wife enjoying his big family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire.( 他告诉老板，他打算离开房屋建筑行业，和妻子一起享受大家庭的快乐，过一种更轻松的生活。他会想念薪水，但他需要退休。)”以及第二段中 “The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work.( 木匠答应了，但很容易看出他的心思不在工作上。)”可知，木匠因为渴望退休，想要和妻子过更轻松的生活，所以心不在工作上。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“What a shock! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. Now he had to live in the home he had built none too well.( 太震惊了！真可惜！如果他知道他是在建造自己的房子，他会做得完全不同。现在他不得不住在自己建得不太好的房子里。)”可知，木匠知道这房子是给他的退休礼物后，感到震惊和羞愧，他后悔自己没有好好建造这所房子，所以应该是“后悔的”。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So it is with us. We build our lives in an inattentive way, reacting rather than acting, willing to put up less than the best. At important points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have created and find that we are now living in the house we have built.( 我们也是如此。我们以一种漫不经心的方式建立我们的生活，反应而不是行动，愿意付出的比最好的少。在重要的时刻，我们没有尽最大的努力。然后，我们震惊地看到我们创造的局面，发现我们现在住在我们自己建造的房子里。)”可知，这里把我们对待生活的态度比作木匠建造房子的态度，我们以漫不经心的方式建造我们的生活，最后发现自己生活在自己建造的“房子”里，所以“the house”代表我们的生活。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“An elderly carpenter was ready to retire (退休). He told his employer of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more relaxed life with his wife enjoying his big family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire.( 一个老木匠准备退休了。他告诉老板，他打算离开房屋建筑行业，和妻子一起享受大家庭的快乐，过一种更轻松的生活。他会想念薪水，但他需要退休。)”和下文内容可知，文章主旨是通过木匠建造房子的故事告诉我们要认真对待生活，不能敷衍，否则最终会自食其果。故这篇文章最好的标题是“只是为了休息一下”。故选A项。 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 retire v. 退休 employer n. 雇主 workmanship n. 工艺，做工 substandard materials n. 不合格材料 inattentive adj. 漫不经心的 长难句分析 原句：If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. 译文：如果他早知道他是在建造自己的房子，他会做得完全不同。 分析：本句是虚拟条件句。“If he had only known he was building his own house” 为 if 引导的条件状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时；主句 “he would have done it all so differently” 用 “would have + 过去分词” 结构。 中文翻译 一位老木匠准备退休了。他告诉老板，他打算离开房屋建筑行业，和妻子一起享受大家庭的快乐，过一种更轻松的生活。他会想念薪水，但他需要退休。 老板看到他的好工人要走，感到很遗憾，问他是否可以帮个人忙，再建一栋房子。木匠答应了，但很容易看出他的心思不在工作上。他开始粗心大意地做工，使用不合格的材料。这是结束他职业生涯的不幸方式。 当木匠完成工作，建筑商来检查房子时，老板把前门的钥匙递给了木匠。“这是你的房子，” 他说，“我给你的礼物。” 太震惊了！真可惜！如果他早知道他是在建造自己的房子，他会做得完全不同。现在他不得不住在自己建得不太好的房子里。 我们也是如此。我们以一种漫不经心的方式建立我们的生活，反应而不是行动，愿意付出的比最好的少。在重要的时刻，我们没有尽最大的努力。然后，我们震惊地看到我们创造的局面，发现我们现在住在我们自己建造的房子里。如果我们早意识到，我们会做得不同。 20 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$