衔接点02 名词、代词（初高考点差异及衔接）- 2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点02 名词、代词（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段主要掌握集中在名词的可数和不可数，以及名词构词法，同时还学习了名词所有格的用法。 初中阶段学习的是各类代词的基本含义和用法，以及它们的句法功能。 高中阶段，更注重名词在语境中所表达的含义。题型多为语法填空题，完形填空题对名词考查占相当比例。要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。it的用法和替代词是重点考查点。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中名词考点聚焦】 考点1.名词词义辨析 1．—Sam was picked out to be in the school basketball team. —His height gives him a big ________. A．talent B．sense C．situation D．advantage 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——山姆被选中加入学校的篮球队。——他的身高给了他很大的优势。 考查名词辨析。talent才能；sense感觉；situation处境，情形；advantage优势。根据“Sam was picked out to be in the school basketball team.”可知加入篮球队身高有优势。故选D。 2．—Many young people can’t ________ to buy houses in big cities in China. —Exactly. A．offer B．effort C．affect D．afford 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——许多年轻人买不起中国大城市的房子。——确实是。 考查动词和名词辨析。offer提供，动词；effort努力；名词；affect影响，动词；afford负担得起，动词。根据“Many young people can’t…to buy houses in big cities in China.”可知，空处指的是不能负担，can’t afford“负担不起”符合语境。故选D。 3．In the past forty years, China has created some new wonders of the world and the The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a good ________. A．example B．challenge C．direction D．choice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在过去的四十年里，中国创造了一些新的世界奇迹，港珠澳大桥就是一个很好的例子。 考查名词辨析。example例子；challenge挑战；direction方向；choice选择。根据“China has created some new wonders of the world and the The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a good...”可知，此处说的是港珠澳大桥就是一个很好的例子。故选A。 4．—Dong Yuhui’s live room has got tons of ________ . —Yeah! The fans are often surprised at his rich knowledge. A．operation B．attention C．conversation D．introduction 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——董宇辉的直播间获得了大量关注。——是的！他的知识渊博常常令粉丝们感到惊讶。 考查名词辨析。operation操作；attention注意；conversation谈话；introduction介绍。根据“Dong Yuhui’s live room has got tons of...”可知，董宇辉的直播间获得了大量的关注。attention符合语境，故选B。 5．You should find the ________ of life first, or you will get lost easily. A．position B．direction C．condition D．situation 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该先找到生活的方向，否则你很容易就会迷失。 考查名词辨析。position位置；direction方向；condition条件；situation情况。根据“you will get lost easily”可知，本句描述的是在生活中需要有一个明确的方向来避免迷失。故选B。 6．Her smile always makes me feel warm and lively. It seems to have ______ A．answer B．magic C．secret D．agreement 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她的微笑总是让我感到温暖和活泼。似乎有魔法。 考查名词辨析。answer答案；magic魔法；secret秘密；agreement同意。根据“Her smile always makes me feel warm and lively.”可知，她的微笑似乎有魔法，总是让我感到温暖和活泼。故选B。 考点2.名词的数和格 1．—Mum, you look so tired. What’s wrong? —I did ________ housework this morning. Maybe I need a rest now. A．three hour’s B．three hours of C．three-hour of D．three-hours’ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你看起来很累。怎么了? ——今天早上我做了三个小时的家务。也许我现在需要休息一下。 考查时间的特殊表达。这里是时间作定语，表示“三个小时的作业”，应使用three hours of或者three hours’。故选B。 2．—It’s said that the two ________doctors have just come back from Shanghai. —Yeah. I know them. They are both already in their ________. A．woman; forty B．women; fortieth C．women; forties D．woman; forties 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——据说这两位女医生刚从上海回来。——是啊。我认识她们。她们俩都已经四十多岁了。 考查名词复数和年龄段表达。以man、woman修饰的职业名称变复数时，man、woman也要变成复数，第一空后名词doctors为复数，所以此处应用women； in one’s +整十的复数，表示“在某人几十岁时”。故选C。 3．In “Black Myth: Wukong”, like Sun Wukong and his companions will bring us lots of adventure. (hero) 【答案】heroes 【详解】句意：在《黑神话：悟空》中，像孙悟空和他的同伴这样的英雄们将会给我们带来许多冒险经历。根据句中 “like Sun Wukong and his companions” 可知，这里说的“英雄”不止一个，是多个英雄。所给单词“hero”是可数名词，意为“英雄”，其复数形式为“heroes”。在句子中“heroes”作主语，符合句子表达“多个英雄”的语境和语法要求。故填heroes。 4．Professor Zhang will make a couple of on Chinese art during his stay in the USA．(speak) 【答案】speeches 【详解】句意：张教授在美国期间将就中国艺术发表几场演讲。根据“Professor Zhang will make a couple of...on Chinese art during his stay in the USA.”可知，a couple of意为“几个，一些”，后面接可数名词复数，speak的名词形式是speech，变为复数形式，speeches“演讲”。故填speeches。 考点3.名词的构词法 1．The food was good but the was very slow. (serve) 【答案】service 【详解】句意：这家餐馆的食物很好，但是服务很慢。此空在句中作主语，serve对应的名词是service“服务”，不可数名词，故填service。 2．The manager refused to answer any question until his came. (law) 【答案】lawyer 【详解】句意：在他的律师到来之前，经理拒绝回答任何问题。根据“his”可知，此处应填名词，“law”意为“法律”，是名词，其表示“人”的名词形式“lawyer”意为“律师”，符合“经理拒绝回答问题直到某人到来”的语境，此处用单数形式“lawyer”。故填lawyer。 3．My parents want to buy a flat near my school, but the flats for are too expensive. (sell) 【答案】sale 【详解】句意：我的父母想在我的学校附近买一套公寓，但是待售的公寓太贵了。根据“but the flats for”和“are too expensive”可知，此处表达“待售的公寓”；“for sale”是固定短语，意为“待售，供出售”，“for”是介词，“sale”是sell“卖”的名词形式，故“for sale”符合语境。故填sale。 4．What do you think is the greatest________（invent）of the twentieth century？ 【答案】invention 【详解】句意：你认为二十世纪最伟大的发明是什么？此处被最高级greatest修饰，作表语，可知用名词单数。invent“发明”，是动词，故答案为invention。 5．It’s a new story full of , adventure and heroic characters.（act） 【答案】action 【详解】句意：这是一个充满动作、冒险和英雄人物的新故事。act“行动、动作”，动词；be full of sth.“充满……”，因此此处应填入一个名词形式，与其所对应的名词是action，故填action。 【高中名词考点聚焦】 课标解读 名词除了考查其词义辨析外, 还常结合其他项目一起考查, 题型以语法填空、短文改错、完形填空等形式出现, 考查要点主要包括: 1. 考查名词词义辨析和习惯搭配。 2. 考查名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。 3. 考查名词的“旧词新意”和“名词动化”现象, 这种现象主要以隐形考查的方式出现在阅读理解和完形填空试题中。 考点清单 考点一、名词单数变复数的用法 可数名词单数变复数 一般情况下 在词尾直接加-s mouth→mouths,house→houses 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词 在词尾加-es glass→glasses,match→matches 以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词 变y为i再加-es country→countries,factory→factories 以元音字母+-y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays,monkey→monkeys 以o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos,photo→photos 有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes,potato→potatoes 以-f,-fe结尾的名词 一般要变f或fe为v加-es self→selves,wolf→wolves 少数直接加-s roof→roofs,belief→beliefs 单复数同形 deer, sheep, Chinese, means(方式,方法), series, species 词形变化 man→men, woman→women, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice 合成名词的复数 将主体名词变为复数:passer-by→passers-by, looker-on→lookers-on 无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加-s: grown-up→grown-ups, stand-by→stand-bys 名词前有man/woman修饰 man/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。如: woman doctor→women doctors, man teacher→men teachers。 考点二、抽象名词具体化用法 ①具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考的有： 单词 抽象名词意义 具体化名词意义 success 成功 成功的人或事 pleasure 乐趣 令人高兴的事 beauty 美；美丽 美丽的人或事物 comfort 安慰；慰藉 令人感到安慰的人或事物 danger 危险 危险的人或因素 delight 高兴 令人高兴的事 failure 失败 失败的人或事物 surprise 惊奇 令人惊奇的事情 shock 震惊 令人震惊的事情 pride 骄傲 令人骄傲的事情 考点三、名词所有格的用法 名 词 所 有 格 主要用于表示有生命的人或物的所有关系。 (1)一般是名词词尾加-'s。如:John's home约翰的家; (2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加-'。如:students' textbooks 学生们的课本; (3)词尾不带-(e)s的复数名词,仍加-'s。如:children's game 孩子们的游戏。 表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。如: the title of the article文章的标题; the name of the girl over there那边那位女孩的名字。 双重所有格的构成为:“名词+of+-'s所有格”或“名词+of+名词性物主代词”。表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”,名词前可用a,any,some,a few,two,this,that,these,those 等修饰,但不能用the。如: a picture of my mother's我母亲(拥有)的一张照片; this little cat of your sister's你妹妹的这只小猫。 考点四、动词/形容词变为名词后缀 要点精讲1：动词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望 －er/ －or sail→sailor海员，水手 drive→driver司机；驾驶员 gather→gatherer收集者，采集者 teach→teacher老师 announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 －ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 astonish→astonishment惊奇 －ance/ －ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 guide→guidance指引；指导 perform→performance表演；表现 exist→existence存在；生存 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/ -ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 要点精讲2：形容词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －age short→shortage 短缺 percent→percentage 百分比 －cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私 －dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧 －ence different→difference差异 evident →evidence 证据 －ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点 thick→thickness厚度 kind→kindness仁慈，友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意 －th strong→strength力气；优势 warm→warmth温暖；热情 －y/－ty/－ity safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷；伤残 responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实 difficult→difficulty困难 一、请用下列单词的适当形式填空 1.Since June 2017, right before the (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 2.The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction. 3.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___________ (protect). 4.“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a ___________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 5.A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 6. The finder of a wallet who takes it home may be guilty of . (thief) 7. She kicked at the door with her foot, and the (press) was enough to open it. 8. Students learned the practical (apply) of the theory they had learned in the classroom. 9. Robert’s (collect) of prints and paintings has been bought over the years. 10. Hearing the interesting story, all the people present burst into (laugh). 11. According to a recent survey, some TV programs should take responsibility for teenagers’ negative (behave). 12. To our disappointment, only a (minor) of people is in support of our plan to build a new bridge. 13. Union leaders and company bosses will meet tomorrow in an attempt to reach a _________ (settle). 14. Confucius is one of the greatest (philosophy) in human history. 15. The laws led to (confuse), blood and thousands of deaths. 16. We would like to thank them for their patience and (understand). 17. She had never been greatly concerned about her (appear). 18. We should suppose he’s honest before hearing the (evident) against him. 19. Determining where we are in relation to our (surround) remains an essential skill for our survival. 20. The crowd in the room seemed full of curiosity. They expressed their _________ (eager) to hear me sing. 【答案】1.arrival。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 2.warning。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。3.protection。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。 24.responsibility。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 5.representative。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 6. theft【解析】考查名词。句意：捡到钱包的人把钱包带回家可能犯了盗窃罪。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意，此处应表示“盗窃”对应的名词为theft，且表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填theft。 7. pressure【解析】考查名词。句意：她用脚踢门，施加的压力足以打开门。分析句子和提示词可知空格填名词形式pressure“压力”用在并列句中做主语，是不可数名词。故填pressure。 8. application【解析】考查名词。句意：学生们学会了课堂上学到的理论的实际应用。practical为形容词，作定语修饰名词，结合句意“应用”可知，应填名词application，此处表抽象概念，不可数。故填application。 9. collection【解析】考查名词。句意：这些年来，罗伯特的版画和绘画收藏品都被买走了。根据前面名词所有格Robert’s，可知，应填名词collection，collection为不可数名词，没有复数。故填collection。 10. laughter【解析】考查名词。句意：听到这个有趣的故事，在场的人都大笑起来。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语burst into laughter，意为“突然大笑”。故填laughter。 11. behaviour【解析】考查名词。句意：根据调查显示，有些电视节目应该为青少年的消极行为负责任。根据空格前形容词negative后填名词behaviour做介词for的宾语。故填behaviour。 12. minority 【解析】考查名词。句意：使我们失望的是，只有少数人支持我们的计划。 分析句子可知，名词minority符合题意，此处是固定短语a minority of ，表示“少数”。故填minority。 13. settlement【解析】考查名词。句意：工会领导人和公司老板明天将开会，试图达成一个解决方法。在不定冠词a后应该是单数名词，名词settlement，意思为“解决，处理”。故填settlement。 14. philosophers【解析】考查名词。句意：孔子是人类历史上最伟大的哲学家之一。分析句子结构并结合上下文，空白处应填表示人的名词，又因one of + 复数名词为固定结构，含义为：……其中之一，故填philosophers。 15. confusion【解析】考查名词。句意：这些法律导致了混乱、流血和数千人死亡。分析句式结构可知，此处to是介词，且下文的blood和deaths都是名词，作宾语，所以空格处应该用提示词的名词形式作宾语，故填confusion。 16. understanding【解析】考查名词。句意：我们要感谢他们的耐心和理解。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的并列连词and以及形容词性物主代词their可知空白处应填名词做介词的宾语，故填understanding。 17. appearance【解析】考查名词。句意：她从来不太在意自己的外表。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作宾语。所给词appear为动词，其名词形式appearance意为“外表，外观”，符合句意。故填appearance。 18. evidence【解析】考查名词。句意：在听取对他不利的证据之前，我们应该假设他是诚实的。空处用于定冠词the之后，应用名词evidence，表示“证据”，作动词hearing的宾语。故填evidence。 19. surroundings【解析】考查名词。句意：根据我们周围的环境来确定自己身在何处，这是我们生存的一项必不可少的技能。分析句子可知，设空处为介词to的宾语，并且前面有形容词性物主代词our修饰，应用名词surrounding，根据语境，应用复数形式，故填surroundings。 20. eagerness【解析】考查名词。句意：房间里的人群似乎充满了好奇。他们表示很想听我唱歌。their后跟名词，eager的名词是eagerness，意为“渴望”，是不可数名词。故填eagerness。 二．语篇填空（名词专练） Many of us have worked as volunteers before. Some have experience as mechanics, repairing and maintaining machines. Others are experienced medical workers who have volunteered to help those with 1 (disable). This summer, one Chinese volunteer, Liu Fei, will serve as a management 2 (consult) for AIDS projects in an African country. Liu has never been there, and his 3  (impress) of the country is that it is developing rapidly, but suffers from much 4 (instable) and violence. Many people there have contracted AIDS. Liu will work with a local organisation engaging in AIDS 5 (prevent). Liu’s path to Africa was long and bumpy. Although he had met the 6 (criterion) for the volunteer 7 (apply), his family was opposed to his 8  (chooce) at first. It took Liu some time to explain the 9 (important) of building a shared future for mankind. Ultimately, his family decided to sing the same tune as Liu and respected his right to choose his own path. Liu is looking forward to sharing his knowledge and skills with needy communities. He hopes his input can make a 10 (different) in distant Africa. 1. disabilities 2. consultant 3. impression 4. instability 5. prevention 6. criteria 7. application 8. choice 9. importance 10. difference 1. 考查名词复数。此空提示词是形容词，用在介词之后，应用名词形式。故填disabilities。 2. 考查名词。句意：今年夏天，中国志愿者刘飞将在一个非洲国家担任艾滋病项目的管理顾问。空前有不定冠词，应用单数名词形式。故填consultant。 3. 考查名词。此空指刘飞对这个国家的印象，应用名词形式。故填impression。 4. 考查名词。和后面的名词violence一起，做介词from的宾语。故填instability。 5. 考查名词。句意：刘飞和当地一个组织一起，致力于爱滋病的预防。此空用在介词in后，应用名词形式。故填prevention。 6. 考查名词复数。名词criterion的复数形式是一个特殊变化，这样的词不多。类似的名词有：medium--media; phenomenon--phenomena。故填criteria。 7. 考查名词。句意：虽然他满足志愿者申请的标准，刚开始他家人对他的选择是反对的。这里指他的申请，应用名词。故填application。 8. 考查名词。句意见第7题。用在介词之后，应该是名词。故填choice。 9. 考查名词。此空前有定冠词，后有介词，应该用名词形式。故填importance。 10. 考查名词。make a difference是一个固定搭配，意为“有意义、说得通”。故填difference。 一、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式． Fido, a little dog,was very anxious to get the favor on his master. He took care, however,  neither to be troublesome, 11 would he follow him into the living room unless he was asked. He also tried to make 12 (he) useful to his kind master. He would drive away strange pigs and other animals 13 came into the yard． Once when his master was sick, Fido 14 (lie) at the room door and did not leave, even to get his food．When his master was well enough, Fido 15 (admit) into the room, and showed so many signs of joy that his master was more fond 16 him than ever． Fido even had a chance of 17 (save) his master's life． His master was sleeping in a summerhouse with Fido at his side． Suddenly 18 dog saw the wall shake, and dirt fall from the ceiling． Fido knew that there was danger, and began barking 19 ( awake) his master． As this did not succeed, he jumped up, and 20 ( gentle) bit his finger． His master had just time to get out of the door when the whole building fell． Fido was hurt by some of the rubbish． And his master had him kindly taken care of till he got well． 【答案】 11．nor 12．himself 13．which/that 14．lay 15．was admitted 16．of 17．saving 18．the 19．to awake 20．gently 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了一条名叫Fido的狗，经过努力，赢得主人喜爱的故事。 11．考查固定搭配。句意：但是，他很小心，既不惹麻烦，也不会进入主人的房间—除非主人允许。该题考查neither…nor…固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。故填nor。 12．考查反身代词。句意：他努力使自己对主人来说有用。该空作make的宾语，且指主语本身，故应用反身代词。故填himself。 13．考查定语从句。句意：他会赶走来到院子里的奇怪的猪和其他动物。“　　3　　came into the yard”是定语从句，修饰strange pigs and other animals，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。 14．考查动词时态。句意：有一次，他的主人生病了，Fido躺在房门前，甚至不出去觅食。该空作谓语，且根据前面的时间状语可知，该空叙述的是发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时态。故填lay。 15．考查动词时态和语态。句意：Fido被允许进入房间。该空在句中作谓语，主语Fido和admit之间是被动关系，且根据该句时间状语，该句应用一般过去时态。故填was admitted。 16．考查介词。句意：他的主人比以前更加喜欢他。该题考查be fond of(喜欢)这个固定搭配。故填of。 17．考查动名词。句意：Fido甚至有机会挽救主人的生命。该空作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。故填saving。 18．考查冠词。句意：突然，这条狗看见墙在晃动。该处特指上文提到的Fido，表特指，用定冠词the。故填the。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：他开始狂吠，想要唤醒主人。“______9______( awake) his master”是目的状语，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to awake。 20．考查副词。句意：他跳起来，轻轻地咬他的手指。该空修饰bit，修饰动词用副词，故填gently。 【初中代词考点聚焦】 考点1.　人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 1．—I’ll have the Spoken English Final tonight. I’m a bit nervous. —Believe in ________. You’re the best in our class. A．herself B．myself C．yourself D．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我今晚要参加口语决赛。我有点紧张。——相信你自己。你是我们班最棒的。 考查反身代词。herself她自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。根据“You’re the best in our class.”可知，因为你是最棒的，所以要相信“你自己”。空处反身代词应为第二人称。故选C。 2．—Do you know whose Mate 60 Pro this is? —Let me see. Oh, it’s ________. A．hers B．her C．him D．their 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道这是谁的Mate 60 Pro吗？——让我看看。哦，它是她的。 考查代词辨析。hers她的，名词性物主代词；her她的/她，形容词性物主代词/宾格；him他，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“whose”可知，答语用名词性物主代词，故选A。 3．—Excuse me, I’m looking for my notebook. —Oh, sorry. I took ________ by mistake. A．mine B．yours C．hers D．theirs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——对不起，我在找我的笔记本。——哦，对不起。我错拿了你的。 考查代词辨析。mine我的；yours你的；hers她的；theirs他们的。根据“Excuse me, I’m looking for my notebook.”可知对方是表达“错拿了你的笔记本”。故选B。 考点2.　指示代词和it的用法 1．—What a heavy rain! How can we go home now? —Take it easy. I brought an umbrella and we can share ________. A．one B．this C．it D．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——好大的雨啊！我们现在怎么回家呢？——别紧张。我带了把伞，我们可以共用一把。 考查代词辨析。one指代同类不同物，表泛指；this这；it指代同一物；that指代同类不同物，表特指。根据“I brought an umbrella and we can share...”可知，此处指共用一把伞，指代上文的同一把伞，故选C。 2．Because of the cold weather, the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than ________ in Guangdong. A．it B．one C．that D．those 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于寒冷的天气，黑龙江的学生的寒假比广东的学生要长。 考查代词辨析。it指代同名同物，为单数形式；one指代同名异物，表泛指，为单数形式；that指代同名异物，表特指，为单数形式；those是that的复数形式。根据“the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than...in Guangdong.”可知，此处指黑龙江的学生的寒假比广东学生的假期要长，指代单数名词“winter holiday”应用that。故选C。 3．My only computer didn’t work suddenly, so I decided to have _______ repaired later. A．one B．that C．it D．another 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我唯一的电脑突然坏了，所以我决定晚点把它修一下。 考查代词。one指代同类不同物；that那个；it指代同类且同物；another另一个。根据“have...repaired”可知，此处为短语have sth done，意为“使……被……”，此处表示把我的电脑修一下，应指代“my only computer”，同类同物需用it，故选C。 4．—What do you think of the weather in winter in our city Hefei? —Not so cold. I think it is much warmer than ________ in Beijing. A．it B．this C．that D．one 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得合肥冬天的天气怎么样？——没那么冷。我认为那里比北京暖和多了。 考查代词辨析。it它。同一个；this这个；that那个；one一，同一类。由“I think it is much warmer than…in Beijing”可知，这里是the weather in Hefei和the weather in Beijing作比较，英语中表示比较的句子中前文出现的名词在后文中用that或those代替，此处代替不可数名词weather，应用that，故选C。 考点3.　不定代词 1．—When in trouble, turn to ________ but yourself for help. —Exactly. We should try to solve the problems on our own. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——遇到麻烦时，不要向别人求助，只能向自己求助。——的确是。我们应该尝试自己解决问题。 考查代词辨析。everybody每个人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“We should try to solve the problems on our own.”可知，不要向他人求助，应用nobody符合语境，故选D。 2．—Jessica is blue these days. What’s happened to her? —Oh, come on. Everyone has one of those days when ________ goes right. A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——杰西卡最近闷闷不乐。她怎么了？——哦，别这样。每个人都有诸事不顺的时候。 考查代词词义辨析。everything所有事情；something某事；nothing没有什么；anything任何事情。根据“Jessica is blue these days.”可知，当一切都不顺利的时候，每个人都会心情不好。故选C。 3．—Have you ever been to any famous places in Beijing? —Well, ________ of them. I haven’t had the chance to travel there yet. A．few B．some C．many D．none 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你去过北京的著名景点吗?  —— 一个都没有。我还没有机会去那里旅行。 考查代词辨析。few很少；some一些；many很多；none一个都没有。根据下文“I haven’t had the chance to travel there yet.”可知，是一个地方都没有去过，none指三者或三者以上都不，符合语意。故选D。 考点4.　相互代词 1．—Where did you buy that beautiful hat, from a real shop or a supermarket? —________. I am used to shopping online. A．Neither B．Either C．None D．Both 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在哪儿买的那顶漂亮的帽子，真正的商店还是超市？——都不是。我习惯在网上购物。 考查不定代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；none三者或三者以上都不；both两者都。根据“from a real shop or a supermarket”及“I am used to shopping online”可知，既不是在商店买的也不是在超市买的，而是在网上买的。故选A。 2．—I think John and Peter did very well in the final match. —Nothing strange. ______ of them are talented players. A．Both B．None C．All D．Neither 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我认为John和Peter在决赛中表现得非常好。——不足为奇。他们两个都是有天赋的选手。 考查代词辨析。Both表示两者都；None表示三者或三者以上都不；All表示三者或三者以上都；Neither表示两者都不。根据“John and Peter”和“Nothing strange.”可知，此处是两者之间，且表示John和Peter两人都很有天赋，故选A。 3．Jack made a number of kites, but ________ of them can fly in the sky. A．neither B．none C．all D．either 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杰克做了很多风筝，但没有一只能飞到天上去。 考查不定代词。neither两者都不；none都不（三者及以上）；all所有的；either两者选一。根据“made a number of kites, but”可知是指做了很多风筝，没有一只能飞到天上去。故选B。 【高中代词考点聚焦】 课标解读 在句中用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。近3年来, 高考重点考查不定代词和人称代词, 所考题量占所考代词总量的60%左右, 其次是it的用法和替代词。试题的设计注重语境设置, 要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。因此, 做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。 考点清单 考点一、it的用法 要点精讲1： it典型场合 典型示例 替代it：it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。 Learning is a bitter root, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。 I have bought a chair. It is made of wood.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。 The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。 代词it: it指时间、距离、天气等。 It's 112 miles from London to Birmingham. 从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。 What time is it? It’s two-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。 形式it: it用作形式主语、宾语，不定式、动名词或从句作真正主语 He found it exciting riding the roller coaster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It's a pity that you have to go so soon.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。 强调it: it用在强调句it's …who/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语 It was his parents that he turned to for advice.他向父母寻求建议。 It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。 无实义it: it仅构成句型，无实义 I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.我能按时完成工作得感谢你。 I'll see to it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。 习语it: it用于一些习惯搭配中 Believe it or not, Tom got married last week.信不信由你，汤姆上周结婚了。 We made it to the summit of the mountain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。 要点精讲2： it作形式主语 ①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜…… ②It is no wonder that ... 难怪…… ③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来…… ④It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像…… ⑤It happens that ... 碰巧…… ⑥It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起…… ⑦It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道…… ⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的 ⑨It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处 ⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间 it作形式宾语 ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that…从句 ②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋no use/a waste of time/ ...＋doing ... 考点二、 指示代词用法 要点精讲： 典型用法 典型示例 it代指上文提到的同一人、同一物 --Where's your car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。 Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放进去。 that指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数名词 The population of China is larger than that one. 中国人口比日本多。 The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Hainan.北京的天气比海南冷。 those特指上文提到的复数名词 The houses in Zhengzhou are cheaper than those in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北京房屋便宜。 one泛指上文提到的可数名词，前有定语 I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。 I'd like an apple. Are you having one, too? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？ ones代替泛指的复数名词 Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。 the one特指上文提到的单数名词 This school is the one we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。 Our house is the one next to the school. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。 the ones特指上文提到的复数名词 Don’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。 such倒装句，考虑就近一致 Such is the result of the contest. 这就是竞赛的结果。 考点三、不定代词用法 要点精讲1：each, both, all等不定代词用法 典型用法 典型示例 each指两者或两者以上中每个 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。 both表示“两者都” Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。 all指“(三者或三者以上)全部” All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。 either表示“(两者中的)任何一个” You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。 neither表示“两者都不” Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。 none表示“(三者或三者以上)全无，没有一点” We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 nothing表示“没有任何东西” The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。 another泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一，又一” Heavy rains  continued  another three days. 大雨持续了三天。 Would you like another drink? 还想喝一杯吗？ other泛指“其余的”，只作定语 Are there any other questions? 还有其他问题没有？ others“另一些” Don't expect others to read your mind.  不要期望别人能看出你的心思。 the other特指两者之中的另一个 He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。 the others“剩余的一些” I walked back while the others rode in the car.  别人都乘车，而我是走回来的。 要点精讲2： 典型用法 典型示例 few修饰可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有” The last few winters have been very cold过去几个冬天都很冷。 a few修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“几个；一些” I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。 little修饰不可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有” There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 a little修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“一点” She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。 many修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“许多” We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。 much修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“许多” I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。 一、语法填空 1．Dangerous conditions and broken roads made difficult for soldiers to deliver supplies. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：危险的环境和破损的道路使士兵很难运送补给。此处是固定搭配：make it+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.，其中it作形式宾语。故填it。 2． is estimated that 5G technology will be likely to be used in more fields. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】It 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：据估计，5G技术可能会在更多领域得到应用。分析句子可知，该句为固定句型It is estimated that…“据估计……”，It作形式主语，that引导的名词性从句作真正主语。故填It。 3．“Although it was difficult at first, I gradually got used to eating and getting dressed by (I),” the one-armed boy said. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】myself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：“虽然起初很难，但我逐渐习惯了自己吃饭和穿衣，”这个独臂男孩说。by oneself“独自”。结合主语I可知，本空表示“我自己”，用反身代词myself。故填myself。 4．To help your muscles recover and repair (they) after exercise, you need to eat foods rich in protein. 【答案】themselves 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：为了帮助你的肌肉在运动后恢复和自我修复，你需要吃富含蛋白质的食物。设空处作动词recover和repair的宾语，与其逻辑主语your muscles指代相同，故用反身代词。故填themselves。 5．The flight leaves in twenty minutes — we will never make . (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查it的用法。句意：飞机20分钟后起飞——我们赶不上了。结合“The flight leaves in twenty minutes”可知，此处指因为飞机很快就起飞而赶不上了，应用动词短语make it“赶上，及时达到”。故填it。 6．I think an honor to be invited to speak at such an important conference. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：我认为被邀请在这么重要的会议讲话是一件很荣幸的事。此处作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式to be invited to speak at such an important conference，故应用it作形式宾语，故填it。 7．Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes very difficult to focus on other things in life. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】it 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：花太多的时间上网是不健康的，而且会让你很难专注于生活中的其他事情。make+it+adj.+to do为固定结构，it为形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式结构。故填it。 8．We find impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】it 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我们发现在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务是不可能的。在本句中，后面动词不定式短语to finish the difficult task in such a short time是find的宾语，impossible作宾语补足语，所以该空需要it作形式宾语。故填it。 9．I also repeat what I hear to help (I) to experience the feeling of the language. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】myself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：我也重复我所听到的，以帮助我自己体验语言的感觉。本空作help的宾语，和主语所指相同，应使用反身代词myself“我自己”。故填：myself。 10．He took a few deep breaths to calm (he) down. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】himself 【详解】考查代词。句意：他做了几次深呼吸使自己平静下来。句子的主语和宾语一致，需用主语he对应的反身代词himself，作宾语。故填himself。 二、语法填空 Every day he wrote one quote on the board 21 (him). Mr. Gentles said offering quotes from ancient China was his way of  trying to make people feel more welcome as they braved the Underground. Thousands of quotes later, Mr. Gentles’ favorite message remains the first one he wrote: “A journey of a thousand miles must begin 22 a single step”. Because it’s fundamentally true,” he said. “No matter 23 you live your life, regardless of your Situation, you have to take the first step. 【答案】21．himself 22．with 23．how 【解析】21．考查反身代词。句意：他每天亲自在黑板上写一句语录。根据句意和所给代词him可知，空格处应该填入反身代词himself，做主语he的同位语，意义为“亲自”。故填himself。 22．考查介词。句意：在无数次引用之后，根特尔斯最喜欢的一句话仍然是他写的第一句话:“千里之行，始于足下”。根据句意和空格前的动词begin可知，该题是考查固定搭配begin with（以……开始）。故填with。 23．考查连词。句意：无论你过着怎样的生活，无论你的处境如何，你都必须迈出第一步。根据句意和空格前的no matter可知，该题是考查no matter+疑问词的结构，根据句意，从句中缺少方式状语，意义为“怎样”，所以需用how。故填how。 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。 Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's 1 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement, 2 means you'll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn't think that a few 3 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 4 the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the 5 (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 6 (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 7 (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 8 (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 9 (they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 10 (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically. 【答案】 1．an 2．which 3．months 4．for 5．most effective 6．really 7．sounds 8．reading 9．their 10．learned 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。 1．考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”，欧宁以元音音素开头， “一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。 2．考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，_______means you'll just keep getting better and better.是定语从句，空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there’s enough room for improvement，which在句中为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语。故填which。 3．考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。 4．考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth 对······已足够。故填介词for。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”，因此填most effective。 6．考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词 read，因此填really。 7．考查谓语动词。句意：这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it，因此用sound的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds. 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式。故填reading。 9．考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。 【点睛】语法填空分有提示词和无提示词两类。本篇语法填空题的设空有提示词的7个,无提示词的3个。因此,有提示词类是高考语法填空测试的重点。1.有提示词的都是实词,要求用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。所给词包括动词、形容词、名词和代词四类, 2.无提示词。包括（冠词、介词、连词、从句关系词）。例如：一. 动词的形态变化，即时态（重点考察一般过去时，一般现在时）、被动语态、虚拟语气、祈使句和非谓语动词（v-ing, v-ed, to do 作主语、状语、定语（前置、后置定语）等This isn’t as hard as it___7___(sound),根据前面的谓语isn’t得知描述的是一般事实，主语为第三人称it，因此用sound的一般现在时也要用第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.because you improve your vocabulary while___8___(read) an interesting piece of literature.前后主语一致，逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading ... 作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading... 的省略形式，省略主语和be动词。故填reading。you will tend to use the words___10___(learn)this way in conversations almost automatically.前面有谓语动词，划线动词和前一句没有连词，可以判定出填非谓语形式。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words，表示“已学过的词”， words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。 二、阅读理解 Seeking a suitable university for you? The University of Waikato is the right one. It is internationally recognized for its excellence and achievements. It will help you develop advanced research skills. As a university student you can get first-class research facilities with trained teachers to help, support and advise you in your study. We pride ourselves on our high standards, our research success and our international recognition. For further information: inf@waikato.ac.nz ●Degree We offer a wide choice of bachelor’s degrees for international students, which include: Arts, Communication Studies, Social Sciences, etc. Bachelor of Music and Bachelor of Education are only for New Zealand citizens. For further information: deg@waikato.ac.nz ●Tuition Fees Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui@waikato.ac.nz ●Accommodation You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: ave@waikato.ac.nz ●Health The Student Health Service provides excellent medical services for students. The Medical centre is open five days a week, including student holidays with four doctors and nurses to meet your medical needs. For further information: heal@waikato.ac.nz ●Sports The Centre is a great place to have sports activities. Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training plan and keep you active. The sports hall has volleyball, basketball and indoor football courts and a swimming pool as well. There are also a large number of sports clubs at Waikato. For further information: sport@waikcato.ac.nz 1．If you want to get more information about arts, you can write to ________. A．deg@waikato.ac.nz B．heal@waikato.ac.nz C．sport@waikato.ac.nz D．inf@waikato.ac.nz 2．You have to pay at least ________ a year if you study at the University of Waikato. A．$5, 250 B．$8,000 C．$6,000 D．$11,000 3．According to the text. what will you do if you are ill during Christmas holidays? A．Go to a hospital nearby. B．Buy some medicine in a drug store. C．Try to get help from your classmates. D．See a doctor at the school medical center. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新西兰the University of Waikato的相关信息，包括学位课程、学费、住宿、医疗服务和体育设施等，旨在为国际学生提供选择该校的参考。 1．细节理解题。根据“Degree”部分中的内容“We offer a wide choice of bachelor’s degrees for international students, which include: Arts, Communication Studies, Social Sciences, etc. (我们为国际学生提供多种学士学位选择，包括艺术、传播学、社会科学等。)”以及该部分末尾的联系方式“For further information: deg@waikato.ac.nz (更多信息请访问：deg@waikato.ac.nz)”可知，获取艺术相关信息的联系方式是deg@waikato.ac.nz。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据“Tuition Fees”部分中的内容“Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. (学费因院系而异，通常为每年5000至6000美元。)”可知，学费的最低标准是每年5000美元。此外；根据“Accommodation”部分中的内容“You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. (你可以住在四居室公寓中，每月房租约为100美元，其他生活费用约为每月150美元。)”可知，每年的住宿和生活费用为(100+150)×12=3000美元。因此，每年的总费用至少为5000+3000=8000美元。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据“Health”部分中的内容“The Medical centre is open five days a week, including student holidays with four doctors and nurses to meet your medical needs. (医疗中心每周开放五天，包括学生假期，有四名医生和护士满足你的医疗需求。)”可知，即使在圣诞节假期，学生也可以在学校医疗中心就医。故选D项。 重难词汇词块清单 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 internationally recognized adj. 国际认可的 advanced research skills n. 高级研究技能 tuition fees n. 学费 accommodation n. 住宿 medical services n. 医疗服务 长难句分析 原句：As a university student you can get first-class research facilities with trained teachers to help, support and advise you in your study. 译文：作为一名大学生，你可以获得一流的研究设施，并有训练有素的教师在学习中为你提供帮助、支持和建议。 分析：本句为主从复合句。“As a university student” 为方式状语，主句为 “you can get first-class research facilities”，“with trained teachers to help, support and advise you in your study” 为伴随状语，其中 “to help, support and advise you in your study” 为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 “trained teachers”。 中文翻译 为你寻找合适的大学？怀卡托大学就是正确的选择。它以卓越和成就获得国际认可。它将帮助你发展高级研究技能。作为一名大学生，你可以获得一流的研究设施，并有训练有素的教师在学习中为你提供帮助、支持和建议。我们为自己的高标准、研究成就和国际认可感到自豪。如需更多信息：inf@waikato.ac.nz ●学位 我们为国际学生提供广泛的学士学位选择，包括：艺术、传播学、社会科学等。音乐学士和教育学士仅面向新西兰公民。如需更多信息：deg@waikato.ac.nz ●学费 学费因院系而异，通常为每年 5,000 至 6,000 美元。如需更多信息：tui@waikato.ac.nz ●住宿 你可以在一个四居室的公寓里拥有一个房间，每人每月约 100 美元，其他日常生活费用约每月 150 美元。如需更多信息：ave@waikato.ac.nz ●健康 学生健康服务为学生提供出色的医疗服务。医疗中心每周开放五天，包括学生假期，有四名医生和护士满足你的医疗需求。如需更多信息：heal@waikato.ac.nz ●体育 该中心是进行体育活动的好地方。训练有素的运动教练可以帮助你制定训练计划，让你保持活跃。体育馆有排球、篮球和室内足球场，还有一个游泳池。怀卡托也有大量的体育俱乐部。如需更多信息：sport@waikcato.ac.nz 22 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点02 名词、代词（初高衔接点及差异） 初中阶段 高中阶段 初中阶段主要掌握集中在名词的可数和不可数，以及名词构词法，同时还学习了名词所有格的用法。 初中阶段学习的是各类代词的基本含义和用法，以及它们的句法功能。 高中阶段，更注重名词在语境中所表达的含义。题型多为语法填空题，完形填空题对名词考查占相当比例。要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。it的用法和替代词是重点考查点。 衔接指引 初中阶段考查形式：侧重于语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。 【初中名词考点聚焦】 考点1.名词词义辨析 1．—Sam was picked out to be in the school basketball team. —His height gives him a big ________. A．talent B．sense C．situation D．advantage 2．—Many young people can’t ________ to buy houses in big cities in China. —Exactly. A．offer B．effort C．affect D．afford 3．In the past forty years, China has created some new wonders of the world and the The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a good ________. A．example B．challenge C．direction D．choice 4．—Dong Yuhui’s live room has got tons of ________ . —Yeah! The fans are often surprised at his rich knowledge. A．operation B．attention C．conversation D．introduction 5．You should find the ________ of life first, or you will get lost easily. A．position B．direction C．condition D．situation 6．Her smile always makes me feel warm and lively. It seems to have ______ A．answer B．magic C．secret D．agreement 考点2.名词的数和格 1．—Mum, you look so tired. What’s wrong? —I did ________ housework this morning. Maybe I need a rest now. A．three hour’s B．three hours of C．three-hour of D．three-hours’ 2．—It’s said that the two ________doctors have just come back from Shanghai. —Yeah. I know them. They are both already in their ________. A．woman; forty B．women; fortieth C．women; forties D．woman; forties 3．In “Black Myth: Wukong”, like Sun Wukong and his companions will bring us lots of adventure. (hero) 4．Professor Zhang will make a couple of on Chinese art during his stay in the USA．(speak) 考点3.名词的构词法 1．The food was good but the was very slow. (serve) 2．The manager refused to answer any question until his came. (law) 3．My parents want to buy a flat near my school, but the flats for are too expensive. (sell) 4．What do you think is the greatest________（invent）of the twentieth century？ 5．It’s a new story full of , adventure and heroic characters.（act） 【高中名词考点聚焦】 课标解读 名词除了考查其词义辨析外, 还常结合其他项目一起考查, 题型以语法填空、短文改错、完形填空等形式出现, 考查要点主要包括: 1. 考查名词词义辨析和习惯搭配。 2. 考查名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。 3. 考查名词的“旧词新意”和“名词动化”现象, 这种现象主要以隐形考查的方式出现在阅读理解和完形填空试题中。 考点清单 考点一、名词单数变复数的用法 可数名词单数变复数 一般情况下 在词尾直接加-s mouth→mouths,house→houses 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词 在词尾加-es glass→glasses,match→matches 以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词 变y为i再加-es country→countries,factory→factories 以元音字母+-y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays,monkey→monkeys 以o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos,photo→photos 有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes,potato→potatoes 以-f,-fe结尾的名词 一般要变f或fe为v加-es self→selves,wolf→wolves 少数直接加-s roof→roofs,belief→beliefs 单复数同形 deer, sheep, Chinese, means(方式,方法), series, species 词形变化 man→men, woman→women, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice 合成名词的复数 将主体名词变为复数:passer-by→passers-by, looker-on→lookers-on 无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加-s: grown-up→grown-ups, stand-by→stand-bys 名词前有man/woman修饰 man/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。如: woman doctor→women doctors, man teacher→men teachers。 考点二、抽象名词具体化用法 ①具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考的有： 单词 抽象名词意义 具体化名词意义 success 成功 成功的人或事 pleasure 乐趣 令人高兴的事 beauty 美；美丽 美丽的人或事物 comfort 安慰；慰藉 令人感到安慰的人或事物 danger 危险 危险的人或因素 delight 高兴 令人高兴的事 failure 失败 失败的人或事物 surprise 惊奇 令人惊奇的事情 shock 震惊 令人震惊的事情 pride 骄傲 令人骄傲的事情 考点三、名词所有格的用法 名 词 所 有 格 主要用于表示有生命的人或物的所有关系。 (1)一般是名词词尾加-'s。如:John's home约翰的家; (2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加-'。如:students' textbooks 学生们的课本; (3)词尾不带-(e)s的复数名词,仍加-'s。如:children's game 孩子们的游戏。 表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。如: the title of the article文章的标题; the name of the girl over there那边那位女孩的名字。 双重所有格的构成为:“名词+of+-'s所有格”或“名词+of+名词性物主代词”。表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”,名词前可用a,any,some,a few,two,this,that,these,those 等修饰,但不能用the。如: a picture of my mother's我母亲(拥有)的一张照片; this little cat of your sister's你妹妹的这只小猫。 考点四、动词/形容词变为名词后缀 要点精讲1：动词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望 －er/ －or sail→sailor海员，水手 drive→driver司机；驾驶员 gather→gatherer收集者，采集者 teach→teacher老师 announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 －ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 astonish→astonishment惊奇 －ance/ －ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 guide→guidance指引；指导 perform→performance表演；表现 exist→existence存在；生存 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/ -ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 要点精讲2：形容词转化为名词的后缀 后缀 例词 －age short→shortage 短缺 percent→percentage 百分比 －cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私 －dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧 －ence different→difference差异 evident →evidence 证据 －ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点 thick→thickness厚度 kind→kindness仁慈，友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意 －th strong→strength力气；优势 warm→warmth温暖；热情 －y/－ty/－ity safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷；伤残 responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实 difficult→difficulty困难 一、请用下列单词的适当形式填空 1.Since June 2017, right before the (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 2.The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty (warn) about environmental destruction. 3.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___________ (protect). 4.“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a ___________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 5.A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 6. The finder of a wallet who takes it home may be guilty of . (thief) 7. She kicked at the door with her foot, and the (press) was enough to open it. 8. Students learned the practical (apply) of the theory they had learned in the classroom. 9. Robert’s (collect) of prints and paintings has been bought over the years. 10. Hearing the interesting story, all the people present burst into (laugh). 11. According to a recent survey, some TV programs should take responsibility for teenagers’ negative (behave). 12. To our disappointment, only a (minor) of people is in support of our plan to build a new bridge. 13. Union leaders and company bosses will meet tomorrow in an attempt to reach a _________ (settle). 14. Confucius is one of the greatest (philosophy) in human history. 15. The laws led to (confuse), blood and thousands of deaths. 16. We would like to thank them for their patience and (understand). 17. She had never been greatly concerned about her (appear). 18. We should suppose he’s honest before hearing the (evident) against him. 19. Determining where we are in relation to our (surround) remains an essential skill for our survival. 20. The crowd in the room seemed full of curiosity. They expressed their _________ (eager) to hear me sing. 二．语篇填空（名词专练） Many of us have worked as volunteers before. Some have experience as mechanics, repairing and maintaining machines. Others are experienced medical workers who have volunteered to help those with 1 (disable). This summer, one Chinese volunteer, Liu Fei, will serve as a management 2 (consult) for AIDS projects in an African country. Liu has never been there, and his 3  (impress) of the country is that it is developing rapidly, but suffers from much 4 (instable) and violence. Many people there have contracted AIDS. Liu will work with a local organisation engaging in AIDS 5 (prevent). Liu’s path to Africa was long and bumpy. Although he had met the 6 (criterion) for the volunteer 7 (apply), his family was opposed to his 8  (chooce) at first. It took Liu some time to explain the 9 (important) of building a shared future for mankind. Ultimately, his family decided to sing the same tune as Liu and respected his right to choose his own path. Liu is looking forward to sharing his knowledge and skills with needy communities. He hopes his input can make a 10 (different) in distant Africa. 一、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式． Fido, a little dog,was very anxious to get the favor on his master. He took care, however,  neither to be troublesome, 11 would he follow him into the living room unless he was asked. He also tried to make 12 (he) useful to his kind master. He would drive away strange pigs and other animals 13 came into the yard． Once when his master was sick, Fido 14 (lie) at the room door and did not leave, even to get his food．When his master was well enough, Fido 15 (admit) into the room, and showed so many signs of joy that his master was more fond 16 him than ever． Fido even had a chance of 17 (save) his master's life． His master was sleeping in a summerhouse with Fido at his side． Suddenly 18 dog saw the wall shake, and dirt fall from the ceiling． Fido knew that there was danger, and began barking 19 ( awake) his master． As this did not succeed, he jumped up, and 20 ( gentle) bit his finger． His master had just time to get out of the door when the whole building fell． Fido was hurt by some of the rubbish． And his master had him kindly taken care of till he got well． 【初中代词考点聚焦】 考点1.　人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 1．—I’ll have the Spoken English Final tonight. I’m a bit nervous. —Believe in ________. You’re the best in our class. A．herself B．myself C．yourself D．himself 2．—Do you know whose Mate 60 Pro this is? —Let me see. Oh, it’s ________. A．hers B．her C．him D．their 3．—Excuse me, I’m looking for my notebook. —Oh, sorry. I took ________ by mistake. A．mine B．yours C．hers D．theirs 考点2.　指示代词和it的用法 1．—What a heavy rain! How can we go home now? —Take it easy. I brought an umbrella and we can share ________. A．one B．this C．it D．that 2．Because of the cold weather, the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than ________ in Guangdong. A．it B．one C．that D．those 3．My only computer didn’t work suddenly, so I decided to have _______ repaired later. A．one B．that C．it D．another 4．—What do you think of the weather in winter in our city Hefei? —Not so cold. I think it is much warmer than ________ in Beijing. A．it B．this C．that D．one 考点3.　不定代词 1．—When in trouble, turn to ________ but yourself for help. —Exactly. We should try to solve the problems on our own. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 2．—Jessica is blue these days. What’s happened to her? —Oh, come on. Everyone has one of those days when ________ goes right. A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 3．—Have you ever been to any famous places in Beijing? —Well, ________ of them. I haven’t had the chance to travel there yet. A．few B．some C．many D．none 考点4.　相互代词 1．—Where did you buy that beautiful hat, from a real shop or a supermarket? —________. I am used to shopping online. A．Neither B．Either C．None D．Both 2．—I think John and Peter did very well in the final match. —Nothing strange. ______ of them are talented players. A．Both B．None C．All D．Neither 3．Jack made a number of kites, but ________ of them can fly in the sky. A．neither B．none C．all D．either 【高中代词考点聚焦】 课标解读 在句中用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。近3年来, 高考重点考查不定代词和人称代词, 所考题量占所考代词总量的60%左右, 其次是it的用法和替代词。试题的设计注重语境设置, 要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。因此, 做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。 考点清单 考点一、it的用法 要点精讲1： it典型场合 典型示例 替代it：it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。 Learning is a bitter root, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。 I have bought a chair. It is made of wood.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。 The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。 代词it: it指时间、距离、天气等。 It's 112 miles from London to Birmingham. 从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。 What time is it? It’s two-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。 形式it: it用作形式主语、宾语，不定式、动名词或从句作真正主语 He found it exciting riding the roller coaster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It's a pity that you have to go so soon.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。 强调it: it用在强调句it's …who/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语 It was his parents that he turned to for advice.他向父母寻求建议。 It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。 无实义it: it仅构成句型，无实义 I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.我能按时完成工作得感谢你。 I'll see to it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。 习语it: it用于一些习惯搭配中 Believe it or not, Tom got married last week.信不信由你，汤姆上周结婚了。 We made it to the summit of the mountain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。 要点精讲2： it作形式主语 ①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜…… ②It is no wonder that ... 难怪…… ③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来…… ④It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像…… ⑤It happens that ... 碰巧…… ⑥It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起…… ⑦It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道…… ⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的 ⑨It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处 ⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间 it作形式宾语 ①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that…从句 ②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋no use/a waste of time/ ...＋doing ... 考点二、 指示代词用法 要点精讲： 典型用法 典型示例 it代指上文提到的同一人、同一物 --Where's your car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。 Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放进去。 that指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数名词 The population of China is larger than that one. 中国人口比日本多。 The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Hainan.北京的天气比海南冷。 those特指上文提到的复数名词 The houses in Zhengzhou are cheaper than those in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北京房屋便宜。 one泛指上文提到的可数名词，前有定语 I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。 I'd like an apple. Are you having one, too? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？ ones代替泛指的复数名词 Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。 the one特指上文提到的单数名词 This school is the one we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。 Our house is the one next to the school. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。 the ones特指上文提到的复数名词 Don’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。 such倒装句，考虑就近一致 Such is the result of the contest. 这就是竞赛的结果。 考点三、不定代词用法 要点精讲1：each, both, all等不定代词用法 典型用法 典型示例 each指两者或两者以上中每个 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。 both表示“两者都” Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。 all指“(三者或三者以上)全部” All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。 either表示“(两者中的)任何一个” You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。 neither表示“两者都不” Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。 none表示“(三者或三者以上)全无，没有一点” We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 nothing表示“没有任何东西” The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。 another泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一，又一” Heavy rains  continued  another three days. 大雨持续了三天。 Would you like another drink? 还想喝一杯吗？ other泛指“其余的”，只作定语 Are there any other questions? 还有其他问题没有？ others“另一些” Don't expect others to read your mind.  不要期望别人能看出你的心思。 the other特指两者之中的另一个 He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。 the others“剩余的一些” I walked back while the others rode in the car.  别人都乘车，而我是走回来的。 要点精讲2： 典型用法 典型示例 few修饰可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有” The last few winters have been very cold过去几个冬天都很冷。 a few修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“几个；一些” I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。 little修饰不可数名词，否定含义，“几乎没有” There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 a little修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“一点” She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。 many修饰可数名词，肯定含义，“许多” We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。 much修饰不可数名词，肯定含义，“许多” I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。 一、语法填空 1．Dangerous conditions and broken roads made difficult for soldiers to deliver supplies. (用适当的词填空) 2． is estimated that 5G technology will be likely to be used in more fields. (用适当的词填空) 3．“Although it was difficult at first, I gradually got used to eating and getting dressed by (I),” the one-armed boy said. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．To help your muscles recover and repair (they) after exercise, you need to eat foods rich in protein. 5．The flight leaves in twenty minutes — we will never make . (用适当的词填空) 6．I think an honor to be invited to speak at such an important conference. (用适当的词填空) 7．Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes very difficult to focus on other things in life. (用适当的词填空) 8．We find impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time. （用适当的词填空） 9．I also repeat what I hear to help (I) to experience the feeling of the language. （所给词的适当形式填空） 10．He took a few deep breaths to calm (he) down. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、语篇填空 Every day he wrote one quote on the board 21 (him). Mr. Gentles said offering quotes from ancient China was his way of  trying to make people feel more welcome as they braved the Underground. Thousands of quotes later, Mr. Gentles’ favorite message remains the first one he wrote: “A journey of a thousand miles must begin 22 a single step”. Because it’s fundamentally true,” he said. “No matter 23 you live your life, regardless of your Situation, you have to take the first step. 一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。 Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's 1 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there's enough room for improvement, 2 means you'll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn't think that a few 3 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 4 the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the 5 (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 6 (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as hard as it 7 (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 8 (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 9 (they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 10 (learn) this way in conversations almost automatically. 二、阅读理解 Seeking a suitable university for you? The University of Waikato is the right one. It is internationally recognized for its excellence and achievements. It will help you develop advanced research skills. As a university student you can get first-class research facilities with trained teachers to help, support and advise you in your study. We pride ourselves on our high standards, our research success and our international recognition. For further information: inf@waikato.ac.nz ●Degree We offer a wide choice of bachelor’s degrees for international students, which include: Arts, Communication Studies, Social Sciences, etc. Bachelor of Music and Bachelor of Education are only for New Zealand citizens. For further information: deg@waikato.ac.nz ●Tuition Fees Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui@waikato.ac.nz ●Accommodation You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: ave@waikato.ac.nz ●Health The Student Health Service provides excellent medical services for students. The Medical centre is open five days a week, including student holidays with four doctors and nurses to meet your medical needs. For further information: heal@waikato.ac.nz ●Sports The Centre is a great place to have sports activities. Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training plan and keep you active. The sports hall has volleyball, basketball and indoor football courts and a swimming pool as well. There are also a large number of sports clubs at Waikato. For further information: sport@waikcato.ac.nz 1．If you want to get more information about arts, you can write to ________. A．deg@waikato.ac.nz B．heal@waikato.ac.nz C．sport@waikato.ac.nz D．inf@waikato.ac.nz 2．You have to pay at least ________ a year if you study at the University of Waikato. A．$5, 250 B．$8,000 C．$6,000 D．$11,000 3．According to the text. what will you do if you are ill during Christmas holidays? A．Go to a hospital nearby. B．Buy some medicine in a drug store. C．Try to get help from your classmates. D．See a doctor at the school medical center. 词汇 / 词块 词性 中文释义 internationally recognized adj. 国际认可的 advanced research skills n. 高级研究技能 tuition fees n. 学费 accommodation n. 住宿 medical services n. 医疗服务 长难句分析 原句：As a university student you can get first-class research facilities with trained teachers to help, support and advise you in your study. 译文：作为一名大学生，你可以获得一流的研究设施，并有训练有素的教师在学习中为你提供帮助、支持和建议。 分析：本句为主从复合句。“As a university student” 为方式状语，主句为 “you can get first-class research facilities”，“with trained teachers to help, support and advise you in your study” 为伴随状语，其中 “to help, support and advise you in your study” 为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 “trained teachers”。 中文翻译 为你寻找合适的大学？怀卡托大学就是正确的选择。它以卓越和成就获得国际认可。它将帮助你发展高级研究技能。作为一名大学生，你可以获得一流的研究设施，并有训练有素的教师在学习中为你提供帮助、支持和建议。我们为自己的高标准、研究成就和国际认可感到自豪。如需更多信息：inf@waikato.ac.nz ●学位 我们为国际学生提供广泛的学士学位选择，包括：艺术、传播学、社会科学等。音乐学士和教育学士仅面向新西兰公民。如需更多信息：deg@waikato.ac.nz ●学费 学费因院系而异，通常为每年 5,000 至 6,000 美元。如需更多信息：tui@waikato.ac.nz ●住宿 你可以在一个四居室的公寓里拥有一个房间，每人每月约 100 美元，其他日常生活费用约每月 150 美元。如需更多信息：ave@waikato.ac.nz ●健康 学生健康服务为学生提供出色的医疗服务。医疗中心每周开放五天，包括学生假期，有四名医生和护士满足你的医疗需求。如需更多信息：heal@waikato.ac.nz ●体育 该中心是进行体育活动的好地方。训练有素的运动教练可以帮助你制定训练计划，让你保持活跃。体育馆有排球、篮球和室内足球场，还有一个游泳池。怀卡托也有大量的体育俱乐部。如需更多信息：sport@waikcato.ac.nz 15 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$