类别二 事物介绍-【一战成名新中考·5行卷】2025河北中考英语·方向性试题强化训练

方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 类别二　 事物介绍(10年 2考) Passage 1 Nowadays, people use computers to do a lot of things every day, like searching for information and sending e-mails. But none of them would go well without the computer mouse. The first computer mouse appeared in 1964, invented by Douglas Engelbart. It was mainly made up of a wooden “house”, a circuit(电路) board and two wheels. Engelbart called his invention the “Bug”. But the long “tail” on the back made it look like a mouse, so the name became well-known soon. Eight years later, Bill English, an American computer engineer, developed the mouse further. He changed the wheels into a rolling(滚动的) ball at the bottom of the mouse. The “Ball Mouse” was easier to use and could be found in lots of offices. It had its problems, though. For example, the ball became dirty easily from rolling round the desktop. It had to be often cleaned out to keep the ball running well. The disadvantages led to the next development around 1980. Then the optical mouse(光学鼠标) was invented. However, the optical mouse was too expensive to be widely used. The computer mouse has come a long way since its invention. It has been improved many times to meet the changing needs of users. But with the rise of touch screens and voice control, some experts think the computer mouse may disappear in the future. However, some people think it will still have a market. 1. When was the first computer mouse invented? 　 2. How did Bill English improve the mouse? 　 3. What was the problem with the “Ball Mouse”? 　 4. Why wasn􀆳t the optical mouse widely used? 　 5. Do you think the mouse will disappear in the future? Why or why not? 　 　 Passage 2 传统文化 When you use a knife and fork, you have to take the knife with your right hand and the fork with your left hand, or you can􀆳t put food into your mouth. But with chopsticks, you can solve the eating problems with just one hand. Chopsticks were called zhu or jia in ancient China. It is said that they were invented by Da Yu, who successfully controlled the heavy flood. One day, he was busy dealing with the flood. To save time when eating, he used two sticks from a tree to take the hot food. That was how chopsticks came into use. It was one of the legends(传说) about chopsticks. In fact, the earliest chopsticks found in Henan Province were made of bronze(青铜). 46 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 Many people probably haven􀆳t realized the cultural meanings of chopsticks. They are one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. Do you notice that one end of chopsticks is square and the other end is round? So, why? In Chinese culture, the round end stands for the Heaven and the square end stands for the Earth. Besides, chopsticks are used in pairs. In Chinese culture, it shows the perfect combination(结合) of yin and yang. Chopsticks spread our culture abroad. Chinese culture has extended far and wide. Now at least 1. 8 billion people are using chopsticks around the world. 1. Why did Da Yu use two sticks from a tree to take the hot food? 　 2. Where were the earliest chopsticks found? 　 3. What does the square end of the chopsticks stand for in Chinese culture? 　 4. How many people are using chopsticks around the world now? 　 5. How does the writer feel about the culture of chopsticks? 　 　 Passage 3 Do potatoes play a small role on your dinner table? Maybe it􀆳s time to make a big change! Potatoes have become China􀆳s fourth staple food(主食) after rice, wheat and corn. Using potatoes as a staple can make us healthier. They do good to us in many ways. Potatoes are nutritious(有营养的). They are rich in vitamin C. As we all know, vitamin C can help people keep strong. A potato􀆳s vitamin C is as rich as 10 apples. Potatoes are also low in calories—they don􀆳t have as many calories as wheat and corn have, but they have high-quality protein. These are what people are looking for in a healthy diet. Also, potatoes are easy to grow. People can plant them in almost every part of China. They can even grow well on poor land. What􀆳s more, potatoes don􀆳t need much water to grow. China is facing water shortage problems, so potatoes are a good choice. Many Chinese people think potatoes are vegetables. They cook potatoes along with other things, and the dishes made with potatoes are really delicious. As a staple, potatoes can also be cooked differently. Scientists have tried to make noodles and other staple foods with potatoes, just as how we use rice or wheat. Would you like to try potato noodles? They taste pretty good. Potatoes have many good points, but it doesn􀆳t mean we can eat them every day. Potatoes have a lot of starch(淀粉). If we eat them a lot and do little exercise, we will get fat. Also, too much fried potato food, such as French fries or potato chips, will be bad for our health. 1. What nutrition are potatoes rich in? 　 56 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 2. Where can people plant potatoes in China? 　 3. What have scientists tried to make with potatoes? 　 4. Why can􀆳t we eat potatoes every day? 　 5. Would you like to eat more potatoes in the future? Why or why not? 　 　 Passage 4 Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, you􀆳ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colourful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It􀆳s one of the most amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colourful egg on a leaf or stem(茎) of a plant. It􀆳s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar(毛毛虫). It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly. Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket(保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa(蛹)” stage. After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colourful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things. 1. What do butterflies have? 　 2. Where do female butterflies lay eggs? 　 3. What is the insect called after the egg breaks open? 　 4. What abilities does a caterpillar have? 　 5. What can we learn from the life cycle of butterflies? 　 　 66 参考答案及解析·河北英语 方 向 性 试 题 强 化 训 练 3. It might help people walk again. 　 【解析】根据第四段倒数第 二句可知,它可能会帮助人们在生病或事故后再次行走。 4. The advantages and disadvantages of three new technologies. / 􀆺 【解析】根据文章第一段及全文内容可知,文章主要举例介 绍了三种新科技的优点和缺点。 5. I think I will live in a smart home that makes my life easier and more comfortable. / I think I will own a flying car. It will be more convenient for me to travel and go to work. (开放性试题, 言之有理即可) Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了 2025 春晚节目 《秧 BOT》结合了传统秧歌与现代机器人技术,舞台上,一群机 器人身穿红绿大花袄与舞蹈演员们整齐划一地扭秧歌,展示了 传统文化与科技的完美融合。 1. It mixed traditional Chinese yangko dance with modern robot technology. 　 【解析】根据第二段内容可知,《秧 BOT》节目 的特别之处在于它将中国传统秧歌与现代机器人技术相 结合。 2. They danced yangko. 　 【解析】根据第三段第一句可知,在表 演中,仿真机器人跳了秧歌。 3. Through AI. 　 【解析】根据第四段第一句可知,机器人通过 人工智能学习舞蹈动作。 4. Because of their strong joints. 　 【解析】根据第四段第二句可 知,强健的关节帮助它们在快速行走中完美地保持平衡。 5. I felt surprised and proud. Because it was a perfect mix of China􀆳s tech progress and cultural pride. It showed how technology can bring new life to traditions. (开放性试题,言之 有理即可) 类别二　 事物介绍 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了鼠标的发展史。 1. In 1964. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一句可知,第一个电脑鼠标 出现在 1964年。 2. By changing the wheels into a rolling ball ( at the bottom of the mouse) . 　 【解析】根据第三段第二句可知,他把轮子变成在 鼠标底部滚动的球。 3. The ball became dirty easily from rolling round the desktop. 　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句可知,问题是带滚动球的鼠 标容易积灰。 4. Because it was too expensive. 　 【解析】根据第四段最后一句 可知,光学鼠标不经常被使用是因为它太贵了。 5. Yes. Because of the rise of touch screen and voice control technology. / No, I think it still has a market because someone likes using it. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了筷子的起源、文化 意义及其在世界范围内的使用情况。 1. To save time (when eating) . 　 【解析】根据第二段第四句可 知,为了节省吃饭的时间,大禹用两根树枝夹取热的食物。 2. In Henan Province. 　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,最 早的筷子是在河南省被发现的。 3. The Earth. 　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第三句可知,在中国文 化中,圆的一端代表天,方的一端代表地。 4. At least 1. 8 billion (people) . 　 【解析】根据最后一段第三句 可知,现在全世界至少有 18亿人在使用筷子。 5. Proud. / Confident. 　 【解析】根据最后一段可知,作者对筷子 文化感到骄傲和自豪。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了土豆对我们的 好处。 1. They are rich in vitamin C. / Vitamin C. 　 【解析】根据第二段 第二句可知,土豆富含维生素 C。 2. People can plant them in almost every part of China. 　 【解析】 根据第三段第二句可知,人们几乎可以在中国的每个地方种 植土豆。 3. They have tried to make noodles and other staple foods with potatoes. 　 【解析】根据第四段倒数第三句可知,科学家们已 经尽量用土豆制作面条和其他主食。 4. Because potatoes have a lot of starch. 　 【解析】根据第五段第 二句可知,土豆含有大量淀粉,所以不能天天吃。 5. Yes, I􀆳d like to. Because they are rich in vitamin C and they are very delicious. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了蝴蝶的生命周期, 从卵到毛毛虫,再到蛹,最后变成美丽的蝴蝶,展示了大自然的 奇妙。 1. They have beautiful, colourful wings and strong, fantastic flying skills. 　 【解析】根据第一段第四句可知,蝴蝶有美丽的彩 色翅膀以及强大的飞行技能。 2. They lay eggs on a leaf or stem of a plant. 　 【解析】根据第二 段最后一句可知,雌蝴蝶将卵产在叶子或植物的茎上。 3. It is called caterpillar. 　 【解析】根据第三段第二、三句可知, 卵破裂后变成了毛毛虫。 4. It can eat, walk, and see. 　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句 可知,毛毛虫会吃、会走、也会看。 5. We can learn that nature is amazing and full of wonders. (开放 性试题,言之有理即可) 类别三　 方法策略 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一些使作业变得 容易的建议。 1. Because we might fall asleep there. 　 【解析】根据第三段最后 一句可知,作者不建议在舒适的床上写作业,因为在那里可 能会睡着。 2. For 15 minutes. 　 【解析】根据第四段最后一句可知,作者建 议每小时休息 15分钟。 3. The teacher and classmates. 　 【解析】根据最后一段第二、三、 四句可知,我们首先可以向老师求助,我们的同学也会帮助 我们。 4. 4. / Four. 　 【解析】根据 “ Make a homework plan”, “ Watch where you work”,“Take a break”,“Get help when you need it” 可知,文章中作者给了我们四条使作业变得容易的建议。 5. Yes. / Yes, I do. I list all my homework that I need to finish today, from the easy one to the difficult one, from the subject that I like most to the least. That will make my homework easier to finish. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 43