类别一 科技与生活-【一战成名新中考·5行卷】2025河北中考英语·方向性试题强化训练

方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 题型三　 阅读表达 类别一　 科技与生活(10年 6考) Passage 1 Mark Twain once said everybody talks about the weather, but no one does anything about it. This was true in his day. But it may not be the case in today􀆳s world. In fact, humans have found many different ways to control the weather. Cloud seeding(云催化) is a kind of technology that can control rain. It is done by spreading chemicals, like dry ice or silver iodide(碘化银) inside of clouds, either by rocket or airline. This changes the amount of water inside the cloud, which helps to control the amount of rain, the time when it rains and even where it rains. This technology has helped to solve the drought(干旱) problem. It has also played a key role during important events. For example, China used cloud seeding in Beijing just before the 2018 Olympic Games in order to stop rain from falling during the event. However, scientists are still debating how to use this technology. On the one hand, it is believed that it might have side effects. For example, silver iodide may be bad for the environment. On the other hand, no two clouds are the same so every new experiment introduces new conditions. In addition to controlling rain, scientists have also tried to find ways to weaken storms and hurricanes(飓风). Scientists at the US National Hurricane Centre Headquarters think it might be possible to control hurricanes by using lasers(激光). Others believe that burning petroleum(石油) in a hurricane􀆳s path could slow the storms down. 1. What is cloud seeding? 　 2. What can change the amount of water inside the cloud according to Paragraph 2? 　 3. What􀆳s the advantage of cloud seeding? 　 4. Why are scientists still debating how to use cloud seeding? (写出其中一个理由即可) 　 5. What􀆳s your opinion about whether cloud seeding technology should be put into use? Why or why not? 　 　 Passage 2 热点信息 On January 20th, 2025, a Chinese company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can solve math problems, write code(代码) and answer questions like top models such as OpenAI􀆳s GPT-4o, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only ＄5. 58 million (1 / 70 95 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 of OpenAI􀆳s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips(计算机芯片) for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money. DeepSeek-R1 learns by practicing repeatedly. The more it tries, the better it becomes. Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79. 8% right, slightly higher than OpenAI􀆳s model. A simple version(版本) of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies. DeepSeek-R1 is free to use. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost ＄10 instead of ＄300 with other AIs. Even Meta􀆳s top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world. ” A report in Nature magazine called R1 “a big step forward”, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools. As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use. ” With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 1. What can DeepSeek-R1 do according to the text? 　 2. How does DeepSeek-R1 learn? 　 3. What can the simple version of R1 do? 　 4. Why is DeepSeek-R1 called “a big step forward”? 　 5. How do you like the new AI? Why? 　 　 Passage 3 Do you like sports? Do you have a favourite sports player? Are you interested in what sports players wear? In fact, a lot of sports fans pay a lot of attention to the clothes that sports players wear. But it is surprising to learn how much technology goes into the sports players􀆳 clothes. Do you wear sunglasses when you go outside? Many sports players like wearing sunglasses for outdoor exercise. In fact, these sunglasses are really smart. They do much more than keeping out the sunlight. They show information on their glasses. For example, sports players wearing smart glasses can watch a map while they are running. This way, they won􀆳t be lost. They can also see their heart rate(心率) on the glasses. There are also different kinds of sports clothing that use technology. For example, smart sports trousers have sensors(传感器). They can tell you when your action isn􀆳t quite right. Many players wear special sleeping clothes and they help them sleep better. When the people who wear them wake up, they feel really relaxed. 06 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 Another cool example is the smart running shoes. These shoes have small smart pieces and sensors in them. When you are running, the sensors can find out if your running way is right or not. And it can give you advice right away through an app on your phone. Also, it can keep a record of how far you run, how fast you run and how many calories(卡路里) you burn each time you run. This helps you carry out your exercise plan better. These technologies have great uses. I􀆳m sure they will be used more often in the near future and make our life better. 1. What do sports fans pay much attention to? 　 2. What can smart glasses do according to the second paragraph? (列举两点即可) 　 3. How do people who wear special sleeping clothes feel when they wake up? 　 4. How many advantages are mentioned about the smart running shoes? 　 5. Choose one of your favourite smart technologies from the above passage and give your reasons. 　 　 Passage 4 An exhibition (展出) on the great Chinese ancient encyclopedia (百科全书) Yongle Dadian opened at the Lanzhou Museum in Gansu Province. It collected more than 7,000 kinds of ancient Chinese classics and records, covering literature, art, history and geography from the pre-Qin period to the early Ming Dynasty. With a total of 11, 095 volumes (卷) and about 370 million words, the Yongle Dadian was regarded as “ the largest encyclopedia in the world”. To protect this world-famous classic, Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty ordered a rerecording of it. The copying work took five years to finish. But hand-copied books have been gradually lost over the long period of history. Today, only over 400 volumes and a few pieces of the Yongle Dadian remain in the world. The Chinese government promised to put greater efforts into digitizing ancient books and encouraged libraries to open their collections for the public. This action certainly made the Chinese culture in ancient books “alive”. Similarly, the Siku Quanshu, a collection of Chinese classical works, is being digitized in Lanzhou, Gansu Province. Created in the Qing Dynasty, Siku Quanshu had seven copies. But now, only three and a half copies remain. To bring them closer to the public, digitization efforts began in 2021 and the data processing(处理) work had been 70% completed by 2024. 1. What fields does the Yongle Dadian include? 　 16 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 2. How many words are there in the Yongle Dadian? 　 3. Where can we find digitized Siku Quanshu? 　 4. When did the Siku Quanshu begin to be digitized? 　 5. Do you think ancient books should be digitized? Why? 　 　 Passage 5 What will the world of tomorrow be like? Many people today believe that technology will help solve some problems we have today. New technology may solve old problems, and it may also create new ones. No technology is perfect. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. Here are three examples. When we dream about the future, many of us think that we will be able to fly to the sky in our own flying cars. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, if too many flying cars are in the air, there will be trouble with traffic control. 3D printing is another new technology for the future. 3D printers are already used to make life- size models of car parts, and man-made body parts, like ears. As we move into the future, 3D printing will change the way we make things and the way we treat sick people. However, the disadvantage is that such a machine is very expensive. Finally, people are trying to make a robot suit. This is an electronic suit. It allows people to lift heavy things and walk a long way. It might help people walk again after an illness or an accident. However, one disadvantage at the moment is the cost. It is easy to imagine a future. We will be able to fly to work, print out a new pair of shoes or lift a car above our heads. Although there are some problems to solve, we can certainly dream of a world. In this world, technology makes people􀆳s life easier, and it can solve some of the most difficult problems we have today. 1. What􀆳s the disadvantage of flying cars? 　 2. Where have 3D printers been used so far? 　 3. What might the robot suit help people do after an illness or an accident? 　 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? 　 26 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 5. What do you think your life will be like in the future? 　 　 Passage 6 热点信息 Robots have increasingly become a part of our lives. They can perform different tasks, from simple household chores to complex(复杂的) operations. Their development has brought great convenience to us. On January 28th, 2025, a special performance called “ YangBOT” amazed the audience at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala—the show mixed traditional Chinese yangko dance with modern robot technology. In the performance, humanoid robots(仿真机器人) dressed in colorful costumes danced yangko, a joyful folk dance from northern China often seen during festivals. These robots were developed by Unitree, a Chinese robotics company. This was not Unitree􀆳s first success—in 2021, their robot cows named “Ben Ben” danced as backup in a performance for some famous singers. The robots learned dance moves through AI and used laser navigation(激光导航仪) to move safely on the stage. Their strong joints(关节) helped them balance perfectly during fast steps. Zhang Yimou explained, “ This dance isn􀆳t just fun—it shows how technology can bring new life to traditions. ” Thanks to these innovations, the robots won the hearts of millions. The show was very successful and soon became a hot topic on social media. Young people thought it was cool and very interesting, while older people also liked its beauty and humor. The “YangBOT” program is a perfect mix of China􀆳s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It􀆳s like watching the future and past dance together!” 1. What was special about the performance “YangBOT”? 　 2. What did humanoid robots in the performance do? 　 3. How did the robots learn the dance moves? 　 4. Why could the robots balance perfectly during fast steps? 　 5. How did you feel when watching the performance “YangBOT”? Why? 　 　 36 参考答案及解析·河北英语 方 向 性 试 题 强 化 训 练 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。 文章通过讲述作者给母亲做 苹果派的经历引出话题“过程比结果更重要”。 从而告诉读者 享受过程的重要性,并介绍了三条建议来帮助人们更好地享受 过程。 1. C　 【解析】写作手法题。 根据第一段第一句可知,本文是通 过自己给母亲做苹果派的例子引出话题。 2. B　 【解析】代词指代题。 根据画线代词所在句的前半句 “The process is important”可知,此处 it指代 the process。 3. D　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据第三段最后两句可知,接下来 讲的是如何享受过程;根据第四、五、六段第一句可知,总共 提到三种方式。 D项表述正确。 4. C　 【解析】篇章结构题。 第一段通过作者给母亲做苹果派 的经历引出话题;第二段讨论了享受过程的重要性;第三段 提出如何享受过程;第四、五、六段分别从三个方面阐述如何 享受过程。 5. B　 【解析】标题归纳题。 通读全文可知,作者通过讲述自己 的经历来告诉读者享受过程的重要性,而不要只是关注结 果。 选项 B作为标题最合适。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 题型三　 阅读表达 类别一　 科技与生活 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一种可以控制降 雨的技术———云催化及其利弊。 1. It􀆳s a kind of technology that can control rain. 　 【解析】根据第 二段第一句可知,云催化是一种可以控制降雨的技术。 2. Spreading chemicals like dry ice or silver iodide inside of clouds. 　 【解析】根据第二段第二句和第三句可知,在云层 中散布干冰或碘化银等化学物质可以改变云内的水量。 3. It can help to solve the drought problem. / It plays a key role during important events. 　 【解析】根据第三段第一句和第二 句可知,云催化技术可以帮助解决干旱问题,它还在重大活 动中发挥关键作用。 4. Because it might have side effects. / Because every new experiment introduces new conditions. 　 【解析】根据第四段 后三句可知,这项技术可能会有副作用,另一方面,没有两 朵云是相同的,所以每一个新的实验都会引入新的条件。 5. I think it should be put into use. Although this technology has some side effects, it can help to solve the drought problem. (开 放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 2 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一款名为 DeepSeek-R1的新型人工智能以及该 AI技术的优点和影响力。 1. It can solve math problems, write code and answer questions. 　 【解析】根据第一段第二句可知,这个智能程序可以解决数 学问题、编写代码并回答问题。 2. It learns by practicing repeatedly. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一 句可知,DeepSeek-R1通过反复练习来学习。 3. It can run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies. 　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,简单版本的 R1可以在低成本的电脑上运行,帮助学校和小公司。 4. Because it proves that smart ideas can beat expensive tools. 　 【解析】根据第三段最后一句可知,因为它证明了有创意的 想法可以击败昂贵的工具。 5. I think it is creative and helpful. Because it can help me learn better and it is free to use. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了运动装备中融入 了大量的科技元素,包括智能太阳镜、带有传感器的运动裤以 及智能跑鞋等,这些装备为运动员提供了诸多好处。 1. The clothes that sports players wear. 　 【解析】根据第一段第 四句可知,很多体育迷都很关注运动员穿的衣服。 2. They can keep out the sunlight, show a map and the player􀆳s heart rate. 　 【解析】根据第二段内容可知,智能太阳镜不仅 可以遮阳,还可以在眼镜上显示信息,比如地图和运动员的 心率。 3. They feel really relaxed. 　 【解析】根据第三段最后一句可知, 当穿着特殊睡衣的人醒来时,他们会感到非常放松。 4. Three. / 3. 　 【解析】根据第四段内容可知,当你跑步时,传感 器可以感知你的跑步方式是否正确。 此外,它可以通过手机 上的应用程序给你建议。 它还可以记录你跑了多远,跑得多 快,每次跑步消耗了多少卡路里。 一共提及三点好处。 5. I like the smart running shoes best. Because they can help me carry out my exercise plan better. / I like the smart glasses best. Because they can not only keep out the sunlight, but also show a map. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了中国古代百科全 书《永乐大典》以及古籍数字化的好处。 1. Literature, art, history and geography. 　 【解析】根据第一段 最后一句可知,《永乐大典》涵盖了从先秦到明初的文学、艺 术、历史和地理。 2. About 370 million words. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一句可知, 《永乐大典》约有 3. 7亿字。 3. In Lanzhou, Gansu Province. 　 【解析】根据最后一段第一句 可知,《四库全书》正在甘肃省兰州市进行数字化。 4. In 2021. 　 【解析】根据最后一段最后一句可知,《四库全书》 的数字化工作于 2021年开始。 5. Yes, I do. Because ancient books have special historical meaning, and digitizing them can help protect our valuable culture. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。 主要探讨了未来世界中可能 会广泛应用的科技,包括飞行汽车、3D 打印机和机器人套装, 以及这些技术可能带来的好处和挑战。 1. If too many flying cars are in the air, there will be trouble with traffic control. 　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,如果空中 有太多的飞行汽车,就会给交通管制带来麻烦。 2. 3D printers are already used to make life-size models of car parts, and man-made body parts. 　 【解析】根据第三段第二句 可知,3D打印机已经被用来制作实物大小的汽车零件模型 以及人造的身体部位。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 33 参考答案及解析·河北英语 方 向 性 试 题 强 化 训 练 3. It might help people walk again. 　 【解析】根据第四段倒数第 二句可知,它可能会帮助人们在生病或事故后再次行走。 4. The advantages and disadvantages of three new technologies. / 􀆺 【解析】根据文章第一段及全文内容可知,文章主要举例介 绍了三种新科技的优点和缺点。 5. I think I will live in a smart home that makes my life easier and more comfortable. / I think I will own a flying car. It will be more convenient for me to travel and go to work. (开放性试题, 言之有理即可) Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了 2025 春晚节目 《秧 BOT》结合了传统秧歌与现代机器人技术,舞台上,一群机 器人身穿红绿大花袄与舞蹈演员们整齐划一地扭秧歌,展示了 传统文化与科技的完美融合。 1. It mixed traditional Chinese yangko dance with modern robot technology. 　 【解析】根据第二段内容可知,《秧 BOT》节目 的特别之处在于它将中国传统秧歌与现代机器人技术相 结合。 2. They danced yangko. 　 【解析】根据第三段第一句可知,在表 演中,仿真机器人跳了秧歌。 3. Through AI. 　 【解析】根据第四段第一句可知,机器人通过 人工智能学习舞蹈动作。 4. Because of their strong joints. 　 【解析】根据第四段第二句可 知,强健的关节帮助它们在快速行走中完美地保持平衡。 5. I felt surprised and proud. Because it was a perfect mix of China􀆳s tech progress and cultural pride. It showed how technology can bring new life to traditions. (开放性试题,言之 有理即可) 类别二　 事物介绍 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了鼠标的发展史。 1. In 1964. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一句可知,第一个电脑鼠标 出现在 1964年。 2. By changing the wheels into a rolling ball ( at the bottom of the mouse) . 　 【解析】根据第三段第二句可知,他把轮子变成在 鼠标底部滚动的球。 3. The ball became dirty easily from rolling round the desktop. 　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句可知,问题是带滚动球的鼠 标容易积灰。 4. Because it was too expensive. 　 【解析】根据第四段最后一句 可知,光学鼠标不经常被使用是因为它太贵了。 5. Yes. Because of the rise of touch screen and voice control technology. / No, I think it still has a market because someone likes using it. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了筷子的起源、文化 意义及其在世界范围内的使用情况。 1. To save time (when eating) . 　 【解析】根据第二段第四句可 知,为了节省吃饭的时间,大禹用两根树枝夹取热的食物。 2. In Henan Province. 　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,最 早的筷子是在河南省被发现的。 3. The Earth. 　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第三句可知,在中国文 化中,圆的一端代表天,方的一端代表地。 4. At least 1. 8 billion (people) . 　 【解析】根据最后一段第三句 可知,现在全世界至少有 18亿人在使用筷子。 5. Proud. / Confident. 　 【解析】根据最后一段可知,作者对筷子 文化感到骄傲和自豪。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了土豆对我们的 好处。 1. They are rich in vitamin C. / Vitamin C. 　 【解析】根据第二段 第二句可知,土豆富含维生素 C。 2. People can plant them in almost every part of China. 　 【解析】 根据第三段第二句可知,人们几乎可以在中国的每个地方种 植土豆。 3. They have tried to make noodles and other staple foods with potatoes. 　 【解析】根据第四段倒数第三句可知,科学家们已 经尽量用土豆制作面条和其他主食。 4. Because potatoes have a lot of starch. 　 【解析】根据第五段第 二句可知,土豆含有大量淀粉,所以不能天天吃。 5. Yes, I􀆳d like to. Because they are rich in vitamin C and they are very delicious. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了蝴蝶的生命周期, 从卵到毛毛虫,再到蛹,最后变成美丽的蝴蝶,展示了大自然的 奇妙。 1. They have beautiful, colourful wings and strong, fantastic flying skills. 　 【解析】根据第一段第四句可知,蝴蝶有美丽的彩 色翅膀以及强大的飞行技能。 2. They lay eggs on a leaf or stem of a plant. 　 【解析】根据第二 段最后一句可知,雌蝴蝶将卵产在叶子或植物的茎上。 3. It is called caterpillar. 　 【解析】根据第三段第二、三句可知, 卵破裂后变成了毛毛虫。 4. It can eat, walk, and see. 　 【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句 可知,毛毛虫会吃、会走、也会看。 5. We can learn that nature is amazing and full of wonders. (开放 性试题,言之有理即可) 类别三　 方法策略 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一些使作业变得 容易的建议。 1. Because we might fall asleep there. 　 【解析】根据第三段最后 一句可知,作者不建议在舒适的床上写作业,因为在那里可 能会睡着。 2. For 15 minutes. 　 【解析】根据第四段最后一句可知,作者建 议每小时休息 15分钟。 3. The teacher and classmates. 　 【解析】根据最后一段第二、三、 四句可知,我们首先可以向老师求助,我们的同学也会帮助 我们。 4. 4. / Four. 　 【解析】根据 “ Make a homework plan”, “ Watch where you work”,“Take a break”,“Get help when you need it” 可知,文章中作者给了我们四条使作业变得容易的建议。 5. Yes. / Yes, I do. I list all my homework that I need to finish today, from the easy one to the difficult one, from the subject that I like most to the least. That will make my homework easier to finish. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 43