类别四 议论文-【一战成名新中考·5行卷】2025河北中考英语·方向性试题强化训练

参考答案及解析·河北英语 方 向 性 试 题 强 化 训 练 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了在语言学习中词 根的重要性。 1. D　 【解析】词义猜测题。 根据句意可知,当遇到一个新的、 困难的词汇时,首先要做的是评估情况,查看所有已知的信 息,看看是否能帮助我们理解它的含义,此处的 “ coming across”指的是遇到新单词,结合备选项可知,D 项与其意思 相近。 2. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据方框中的第一条可知,这次你 付,下次他付,你们在轮流付账。 因此轮流付账指的是你付 一次我付一次。 3. B　 【解析】写作手法题。 根据方框中所给的示例可知,作者 通过举例子来说明词根的用法。 4. D　 【解析】篇章结构题。 文章第一段引出话题“单词也有词 根”;第二段讲述了通过已知的东西帮助我们理解新难词; 第三段讲述词根的重要性;第四段通过单词具体说明;第五 段总结通过学习词根获得新的技能。 故选 D。 Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了中文中“桃李”、 “楷模”等词汇的含义及其背后的故事,强调了谦虚、榜样和教 育的重要性。 1. D　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段前三句可知,中国父母 称自己儿子为“犬子”是因为他们想要在别人面前表现得 谦虚。 2. D　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据最后一段第三句可知,子质希 望自己的学生成为勤奋且有用的人。 3. C　 【解析】主旨大意题。 根据第一段以及全文内容可知,本 文主要介绍了中国历史和文化中几个词汇背后的含义和 故事。 4. A　 【解析】文章出处题。 本文主要介绍了几个中文词汇背 后的故事和含义。 与文化相关,因此最有可能出现在文化杂 志中。 Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了农田如何帮 助迁徙的鸟类。 1. D　 【解析】词义猜测题。 根据第一段第二句可知,动物迁徙 的原因之一是为了繁殖和抚养后代,因此推测 breed 与 have babies意思相同。 2. B　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段第一句可知,春天,生 活在中国鄱阳湖附近的数十万只鸟会向北飞往俄罗斯的西 伯利亚。 结合选项可知,四月属于春天。 3. B　 【解析】细节归纳题。 根据第二段最后三句可知,导致候 鸟食物减少的原因一方面是由于气候变化引起的气温上升, 有时会使草比平时生长得早。 因此有些鸟来的太晚了就会 来不及吃草。 另一方面则是由于越来越多的土地被用于农 业,鸟类喜欢寻找食物的天然湿地也在消失。 4. A　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第三段第二句可知,鸟类通过 改变饮食来适应路过的环境。 Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了两种重要的思维能 力———反思性思维与批判性思维,以及培养这些思维能力的方法。 1. C　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第一段第一句可知,培养强大 的思维能力更为重要。 2. B　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段最后一句可知,反思性 思维方式有助于我们更好地了解自己,做出更明智的选择。 3. A　 【解析】词义猜测题。 根据画线词后两句可知,当我们批 判性地思考时,我们不会只是接受信息的本来面目。 我们会 问:这个信息是真的还是假的? ……,由此可推测,我们要从 不同的角度看问题。 perspective意为“角度”,与 angle同义。 4. B　 【解析】细节归纳题。 根据第四段下面介绍的内容可知, 培养这些思维能力的方式主要有:记日记、多问问题、对新想 法持开放态度、与他人讨论。 5. D　 【解析】标题归纳题。 根据第一段及最后一段内容可知, 本文主要介绍了两种重要的思维能力。 D项“培养反思和批 判思维的方法”作为标题更合适。 类别四　 议论文 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。 文章主要围绕“熟能生巧”这 一观点展开论述。 1. B　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第一段最后一句以及第二段 前两句可知,有目的的练习能使我们得到进一步的提升。 2. A　 【解析】信息还原题。 根据空格后一句可知,后文提到的 都是关于把你的目标分成一个个可以逐步完成的小步骤。 因此设空处应该说设定目标,选项 A“设定明确的目标对于 有目的的练习是必要的。”符合语境。 3. C　 【解析】词义猜测题。 根据后文描述可知,此处讲的是把 目标分成一个个可以逐步完成的小步骤。 accomplish 意为 “完成”,与 complete同义。 4. B　 【解析】篇章结构题。 第一段引出论点“熟能生巧”是否 真的会使我们成功;第二段介绍有目的的练习可以使我们获 得进一步提升;第三、四、五段介绍了有目的的练习的特征; 最后一段进行总结,有目的的练习不是一切,但如果你想不 断提高,它可能比通常的方法更有用。 B项符合文章结构。 5. A　 【解析】标题归纳题。 通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了漫 无目的地重复练习可能不会带来进步,甚至可能导致表现下 降。 接着介绍了有目的的练习的几个特点。 因此选项 A 适 合作为文章标题。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。 主要分析了错误对于成功的 意义以及如何从错误中吸取教训。 1. C　 【解析】写作意图题。 根据第二段最后两句可知,犯错有 助于我们找到更好的答案,这样我们就会知道下次如何以不 同的方式处理事情。 作者之所以提及“学骑自行车”是为了 表明失败是成功之母。 2. C　 【解析】词义猜测题。 根据画线词所在句语境可知,此处 表示这样我们就会知道下次如何以不同的方式处理事情。 handle意为“处理”,与 deal with同义。 3. B　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第三段最后一句可知,现在 Elsie可以制作出美味的蛋糕。 4. B　 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第四段第一句可知,Alexandra Eidens在《儿童生活大杂志》说,你应该对错误持开放态度, 因为从错误中吸取教训可以帮助你相信自己,面对挑战。 5. A　 【解析】标题归纳题。 通读全文可知,文章主要分析了错 误对于成功的意义以及如何从错误中吸取教训。 A 项适合 作文章标题。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 23 参考答案及解析·河北英语 方 向 性 试 题 强 化 训 练 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。 文章通过讲述作者给母亲做 苹果派的经历引出话题“过程比结果更重要”。 从而告诉读者 享受过程的重要性,并介绍了三条建议来帮助人们更好地享受 过程。 1. C　 【解析】写作手法题。 根据第一段第一句可知,本文是通 过自己给母亲做苹果派的例子引出话题。 2. B　 【解析】代词指代题。 根据画线代词所在句的前半句 “The process is important”可知,此处 it指代 the process。 3. D　 【解析】推理判断题。 根据第三段最后两句可知,接下来 讲的是如何享受过程;根据第四、五、六段第一句可知,总共 提到三种方式。 D项表述正确。 4. C　 【解析】篇章结构题。 第一段通过作者给母亲做苹果派 的经历引出话题;第二段讨论了享受过程的重要性;第三段 提出如何享受过程;第四、五、六段分别从三个方面阐述如何 享受过程。 5. B　 【解析】标题归纳题。 通读全文可知,作者通过讲述自己 的经历来告诉读者享受过程的重要性,而不要只是关注结 果。 选项 B作为标题最合适。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 题型三　 阅读表达 类别一　 科技与生活 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一种可以控制降 雨的技术———云催化及其利弊。 1. It􀆳s a kind of technology that can control rain. 　 【解析】根据第 二段第一句可知,云催化是一种可以控制降雨的技术。 2. Spreading chemicals like dry ice or silver iodide inside of clouds. 　 【解析】根据第二段第二句和第三句可知,在云层 中散布干冰或碘化银等化学物质可以改变云内的水量。 3. It can help to solve the drought problem. / It plays a key role during important events. 　 【解析】根据第三段第一句和第二 句可知,云催化技术可以帮助解决干旱问题,它还在重大活 动中发挥关键作用。 4. Because it might have side effects. / Because every new experiment introduces new conditions. 　 【解析】根据第四段 后三句可知,这项技术可能会有副作用,另一方面,没有两 朵云是相同的,所以每一个新的实验都会引入新的条件。 5. I think it should be put into use. Although this technology has some side effects, it can help to solve the drought problem. (开 放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 2 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一款名为 DeepSeek-R1的新型人工智能以及该 AI技术的优点和影响力。 1. It can solve math problems, write code and answer questions. 　 【解析】根据第一段第二句可知,这个智能程序可以解决数 学问题、编写代码并回答问题。 2. It learns by practicing repeatedly. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一 句可知,DeepSeek-R1通过反复练习来学习。 3. It can run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies. 　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,简单版本的 R1可以在低成本的电脑上运行,帮助学校和小公司。 4. Because it proves that smart ideas can beat expensive tools. 　 【解析】根据第三段最后一句可知,因为它证明了有创意的 想法可以击败昂贵的工具。 5. I think it is creative and helpful. Because it can help me learn better and it is free to use. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了运动装备中融入 了大量的科技元素,包括智能太阳镜、带有传感器的运动裤以 及智能跑鞋等,这些装备为运动员提供了诸多好处。 1. The clothes that sports players wear. 　 【解析】根据第一段第 四句可知,很多体育迷都很关注运动员穿的衣服。 2. They can keep out the sunlight, show a map and the player􀆳s heart rate. 　 【解析】根据第二段内容可知,智能太阳镜不仅 可以遮阳,还可以在眼镜上显示信息,比如地图和运动员的 心率。 3. They feel really relaxed. 　 【解析】根据第三段最后一句可知, 当穿着特殊睡衣的人醒来时,他们会感到非常放松。 4. Three. / 3. 　 【解析】根据第四段内容可知,当你跑步时,传感 器可以感知你的跑步方式是否正确。 此外,它可以通过手机 上的应用程序给你建议。 它还可以记录你跑了多远,跑得多 快,每次跑步消耗了多少卡路里。 一共提及三点好处。 5. I like the smart running shoes best. Because they can help me carry out my exercise plan better. / I like the smart glasses best. Because they can not only keep out the sunlight, but also show a map. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了中国古代百科全 书《永乐大典》以及古籍数字化的好处。 1. Literature, art, history and geography. 　 【解析】根据第一段 最后一句可知,《永乐大典》涵盖了从先秦到明初的文学、艺 术、历史和地理。 2. About 370 million words. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一句可知, 《永乐大典》约有 3. 7亿字。 3. In Lanzhou, Gansu Province. 　 【解析】根据最后一段第一句 可知,《四库全书》正在甘肃省兰州市进行数字化。 4. In 2021. 　 【解析】根据最后一段最后一句可知,《四库全书》 的数字化工作于 2021年开始。 5. Yes, I do. Because ancient books have special historical meaning, and digitizing them can help protect our valuable culture. (开放性试题,言之有理即可) Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。 主要探讨了未来世界中可能 会广泛应用的科技,包括飞行汽车、3D 打印机和机器人套装, 以及这些技术可能带来的好处和挑战。 1. If too many flying cars are in the air, there will be trouble with traffic control. 　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,如果空中 有太多的飞行汽车,就会给交通管制带来麻烦。 2. 3D printers are already used to make life-size models of car parts, and man-made body parts. 　 【解析】根据第三段第二句 可知,3D打印机已经被用来制作实物大小的汽车零件模型 以及人造的身体部位。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 33 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 类别四　 议论文 Passage 1 “ Practice makes perfect” is a very popular expression. But can we take this saying literally(按字 面上地)? Many believe that practicing repeatedly will lead us to success. Actually, when we reach an acceptable and automatic(无意识的) performance, the additional(额外的) practice won􀆳t make us improve. For example, let􀆳s consider learning to play the piano. In the beginning, we know nothing about music. After taking some lessons and practicing a few times, we can play some songs. But, as we continue to practice, we may notice that certain weak points in our playing don􀆳t disappear no matter how often we practice. That􀆳s because automatic abilities will weaken without making efforts on purpose. So what do we need if we want to get further improvement? Purposeful practice could be a successful method. It􀆳s different from just practicing repeatedly. It has the following features(特点). 　 ▲　 It􀆳s about dividing your goals into small steps that you can accomplish gradually. For instance, passing your piano exam is not a clear goal. Instead, you could change it into “ Play this piece of the music at a proper speed without a mistake three times. ” This way, it is easier to see if you have succeeded in your practice. Feedback(反馈) also plays an important role in purposeful practice. You have to know whether you are doing something right. If not, how you can correct it. Without feedback, you cannot find out what you need to improve or how close you get to your goals. Another key to achieving purposeful practice is getting out of your comfort zone. It means trying to do something that you couldn􀆳t do before. Getting out of comfort zone isn􀆳t about “trying harder”, but about “trying differently”. All in all, purposeful practice isn􀆳t everything, but if you want to keep improving, it can be more useful than usual methods. ( B )1. What can we learn about purposeful practice from the first two paragraphs? A. It makes us lose automatic abilities. B. It leads us to get further improvement. C. It encourages us to take more lessons. D. It helps us repeat actions without thinking. ( A )2. 新考法 信息还原 Which of the following sentences can be put into “　 ▲　 ”? A. Setting specific goals is necessary for purposeful practice. B. To make longer-term progress, we need purposeful practice. C. Purposeful practice is an effective way to help you pass exams. D. We should practise purposefully to improve automatic abilities. ( C )3. What does the underlined word “accomplish” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Repeat. B. Avoid. C. Complete. D. Check. ( B )4. 新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 65 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 ( A )5. What􀆳s the best title for the text? A. Not All Practice Makes Perfect B. Practice Till You Get Everything Right C. Success Is the Result of Hard Work D. Every Failure Is a Step Closer to Success Passage 2 How do you feel when you make a mistake? Getting things wrong might seem like a failure, but it gives you the chance to learn and do better next time. No one likes making mistakes. However, that upset feeling you get if you fail a test is your brain adjusting(调整) and learning to help you succeed in the future. You can􀆳t learn how to ride a bike without falling off, or make friends without sometimes saying things you feel sorry. Getting things wrong helps us find better answers, so we will know how to handle things differently next time. Accepting and learning from your mistakes give you the courage to try harder next time. Experts call this a “ growth mindset”, which means you see failure as something useful you can learn from, instead of regret. Elsie, aged 13, told a reporter that it􀆳s hard to accept mistakes but they make her a better learner. “I once made a cake that came out like two big biscuits. I was upset but realized I hadn􀆳t read the recipe(食谱) properly. Now I always read the recipe twice and I can make delicious cakes. ” Alexandra Eidens from The Big Life Journal for Kids says you should be open to mistakes because learning from them can help you believe in yourself and face challenges. Try talking about your mistake, whether the experience is funny or painful, sharing it with others will show you how it happens all the time. Eidens also suggests writing a journal about your mistakes, saying “It creates a safe place for self-expression, creativity, and mistakes. ” However, if a mistake has left you feeling worried or sad, try talking to a friend or a trusted adult about it. ( C )1. Why does the writer talk about “learning how to ride a bike” in the second paragraph? A. To show it􀆳s difficult to ride a bike. B. To show it􀆳s important to do sports. C. To show failure is the mother of success. D. To show it􀆳s common to make mistakes. ( C )2. What does the underlined word “handle” mean? A. Find out. B. Prepare for. C. Deal with. D. Write down. ( B )3. What did Elsie succeed in doing in the end? A. Making friends. B. Making cakes. C. Riding a bike. D. Making biscuits. ( B )4. Which of the following might Alexandra Eidens agree with? A. We should make fewer mistakes. B. We should be open to mistakes. C. Mistakes always make people feel worried. D. Mistakes cost much money and time. ( A )5. What can be the best title for the text? A. Let􀆳s Learn from Mistakes B. How to Face Failure Bravely C. How to Avoid Making Mistakes D. The Relation Between Failure and Mistakes 75 方向性试题强化训练·河北英语 读 写 专 项 训 练 Passage 3 One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mom. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly. I enjoyed every step so much that I didn􀆳t notice three hours had passed by. Although the pie looked terrible and was not that delicious, Mom ate it up and told me it was the best pie that she had ever had. For the first time, I realized that although I didn􀆳t make the pie successfully, I really enjoyed the process. The process is important because it brings us something bigger than the result itself. That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others. If we just care too much about the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. As a result, we will never understand the real meaning of success. But in this busy world, we see a lot of successful people are in competition. How can we enjoy the process? Well, the question has the answer in itself. Don􀆳t always compare yourself with others. First of all, we are all different. And success means different things to us. For some, success means being famous, while for others, it may be health or power. Ride your own ride. Slow down. You need to stop expecting immediate results in what you do and learn to be patient. Impatience leads to unhappiness. Do it slowly, but never stop. Reward(奖励) yourself. Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. Rewarding yourself for small wins can go a long way. For example, if you are in the process of losing weight, enjoy your favourite cake once in a while. ( C )1. 新考法 写作手法 How does the writer start the text? A. By using old sayings. B. By comparing facts. C. By giving an example. D. By listing numbers. ( B )2. 新考法 代词指代 What does the underlined word “it” refer to(指代)? A. The pie. B. The process. C. The program. D. The result. ( D )3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. The writer made an apple pie without any help. B. Mom ate up the pie because it was very delicious. C. The process is important because it helps us improve our skills. D. There are three pieces of advice on how to enjoy the process. ( C )4. 新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. ( B )5. Which could be the best title for the text? A. Never Give Up B. Enjoy the Process C. What does Success Mean to Us? D. How to Achieve Good Results? 85