精品解析：重庆市第一中学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题

秘密★启用前【考试时间: 5月16日8: 00-10: 00】 2025年重庆一中高2026届高二下期期中考试 英语试题卷 注意事项: 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时, 务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后, 将答题卡交回。 第一部分听力（共两节, 满分20分） 第一节（共5小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman guess the bowl's age. A. By the color of it. B. By the shape of it. C. By the place where it was found. 2. What is the man worrying about? A. Whether the treatment costs too much. B. Whether his cough is treated properly. C. Whether he can make a doctor's appointment. 3. How many times has the man visited the town? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 4. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a café. B. In a repair store. C. In an office. 5. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. At night. 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6至7题。 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. The future of animals. B. The endangered animals. C. The changes in animals' diet. 7. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter. 听第7段材料, 回答回答第8至9题。 8. Who is the man? A. A delivery man. B. A waiter. C. A restaurant owner. 9. What does the woman value most? A. Taking the cash. B. Serving food in time. C. Avoiding risky bike rides. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman want to do with the phone? A. Order a meal. B. Do some maths C. Pay the bill. 11. What's the bad side of technology according to the woman A. It trains people to be lazy. B. It makes people worse at math. C. It takes some jobs away from humans. 12. What do the speakers agree on about technology? A. It helps people master more skills. B. It causes certain diseases to people. C. It allows people to do more creative thinking. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman want to work for the company A. It is famous in fts field. B. Her friend works there. C. The company pays the best. 14. Which technology of the company is most attractive to the woman? A. VR technology. B. Mobile phones. C. Green-energy. 15. What does the woman think of electric cars? A. They are the best invention. B. They need to be better designed. C. They have nothing to do with her. 16. What will the company mainly work-on in the future? A. Electric bikes. B. Reuse of their products. C. Volunteer work. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. Who first introduced Rubik's Cube to the speaker? A. His grandmother. ' B. His teacher. C. His father. 18. Why did Rubik's Cube interest the speaker at first? A. He liked colorful toys. B. He loved building blocks. C. He enjoyed hands-on activities. 19. How did Rubik's Cube influence the speaker? A. It helped him get a degree. B. It changed his attitude toward math. C. It made him popular among friends. 20. What does the speaker plan to do-in the future? A. Sell Rubik's Cubes worldwide. B. Make less creative Rubik's Cubes. C. Teach children to solve Rubik's Cube. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Schisandra chinensis, is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. Here is a detailed introduction: Basic Information Botanical Characteristics: The leaves are oval-shaped, and the flowers-are usually white or pink. The fruit is a small, red berry that grows in clusters. Habitat and Distribution: It is mainly distributed in the temperate regions of Asia, including China, Russia, and Korea. In China, it is found in the northeast, north, and other regions, growing in mountainous forests. Medicinal Properties and Functions Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory: In traditional Chinese medicine, Schisandra chinensis is believed to enter the lung, kidney, and heart meridians. It has the effects of arresting coughing, nourishing the kidneys, promoting the production of body fluids and calming the mind and the spirit. Modern Pharmacological Research: Modern studies have shown that Schisandra chinensis contains a variety of active ingredients, such as schizandrin, which has anti-exhaustion, liver-protecting, and immune-regulating effects. It can also improve the function-of the central-nervous-system, enhance learning and memory abilities, and have a certain regulatory effect on the cardiovascular system (心血管系统). Usage and Dosage (剂量) Usual Dosage: The general dosage for oral administration is 3-9 grams. It can be decocted (煎) in water, made into pills, powders, or tinctures. Precautions: Schisandra chinensis is generally safe when used properly. However, it should be used with caution in patients with excessive heat in the body. Schisandra chinensis is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of medicinal uses. However, like any medicine, it should be used under the guidance of a professional doctor to ensure safety and effectiveness. 1. Where is Schisandra chinensis mainly distributed? A. Arctic regions. B. Deserts in Africa. C. Temperate regions of Asia. D. Tropical rainforests in South America. 2. Which of the following is NOT an effect of the active ingredient—schizandrin? A. Protecting the liver. B. Relieving exhaustion. C. Improving the function of skin. D. Regulating the immune system. 3. In addition to being decocted in water, how else can Schisandra chinensis be prepared for use? A. Drunk as fresh juice. B. Mixed with alcohol. C. Taken as an injection. D. Made into pills or powders. B On the southern and western coasts of South Africa, tiny white huts have been appearing on beaches. The structures are being built to protect African penguin families-from the hot sun. African penguins spend most of their time in the cool water of the “South Atlantic Ocean”. However, in order to breed and incubate (孵化) their eggs, they have to be on land. Unfortunately, the birds’ black coats absorb heat from the burning African sun. If they return to the water to cool off, they cannot guard their eggs and young chicks from predators. To stay safe and cool, the penguins would usually dig holes in layers of guano (海鸟粪) that had built up over thousands of years. However, in the 1800s, traders collected most of the guano and sold it as fertilizer. Due to this loss and other threats such as overfishing of their prey, the penguins’ population has fallen from about three million to fewer than 50,000 birds. The African Penguin Nest Project set out to solve the problem by creating artificial nests. The nests are shaped into round-roofed structures just large enough to fit two penguin parents and their chicks. White paint on the outside of the structure reflects sunlight. Small holes allow cool air to flow through the nest, keeping the inside at a safe temperature of 35°C or lower. The first artificial homes were placed on the beach in 2008. “Within a matter of minutes, penguins were running into them,” project director Kevin Graham said. “That tells you how desperate they are for any opportunity to find a safe place to nest.” Now more than 500 nests have been installed, and at least 99% of them are being used. Local experts say the huts are helping penguin chicks survive and are therefore an important step toward saving the species. “It’s a big part of it,” Graham said, “but there has to be more.” 4. Why were white huts built on South African beaches? A To attract tourists to watch penguins. B. To provide food for penguin chicks. C. To help penguins swim in the ocean. D. To shelter penguin families from sunlight. 5. Which feature of the artificial nests helps penguins stay cool? A. They are in round-roofed shape. B. They are made of guano layers. C. Small holes allow air circulation. D. Their white color can absorb heat. 6. What is Kevin Graham`s attitude toward the artificial nests? A. He considers them unnecessary. B. He thinks they are a partial solution. C. He doubts their long-term effectiveness. D. He believes they saved penguins species. 7. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Beach Huts Help African Penguins B. Threats That Endanger African Penguins C. African Penguins: Masters of Adaptation D. History of Guano Trading in South Africa C The convenience of modern life is nothing short of astonishing. As I write this, my phone is wirelessly sending some of the greatest music from the 1700s (Bach, if you must know) to my portable speaker. I could use that same device to, within moments, get a car to pick me up, or have food delivered to my house. While such shortcuts save time and reduce boredom, they come with hidden costs. The fact that, as a culture, we seek out and celebrate such short cuts is understandable. Convenience appeals to our inner desire to conserve energy-a quality rooted in evolutionary psychology. Humans evolved for a hunter-gatherer lifestyle, where resisting unnecessary efforts (like venturing out in a snowstorm) enhanced survival. This instinct (天性), termed “evolutionary mismatch,” explains why we instinctively avoid discomfort today. The question is: what do we stand to lose by following our desire to prioritize comfort and convenience? Continually choosing the convenient path lessens your ability to deal with unavoidable difficulties. And, from an evolutionary perspective, some measure of discomfort is just as crucial to our survival as rest and relaxation. Our ancestors didn’t survive purely by being lazy, but through a combination of playing it safe and taking sensible risks. Discomfort, though unpleasant, builds resilience and adaptability — qualities crucial to personal growth and problem-solving. In the technological world we have fashioned, we must sometimes make a conscious effort to act in opposition to our instincts. As a culture, we must remember — and remind our young people — that while convenience feels good in the moment, our capacity to adapt and overcome challenges is part of our evolutionary heritage too, and central to the adventure of life. 8. What is the main purpose of the article? A. To praise the convenience of modern technology. B. To explain the concept of “evolutionary mismatch”. C. To warn about the risks of overdependence on convenience. D. To compare ancient survival strategy with modern lifestyles. 9. According to the text why do humans instinctively avoid discomfort today? A. It is rooted in survival strategies from hunter-gatherer times. B. Modern technology makes life easy and free from difficulties. C. People tend to save energy and prioritize immediate happiness. D. Discomfort is no longer necessary for survival in modern society. 10. How did our ancestors ensure survival according to the text? A. By taking different risks. B. By balancing safety and risks. C. By relying entirely on instinct. D. By avoiding unnecessary efforts. 11 What does the author suggest people do in the technological world? A. Embrace convenience without hesitation. B. Ignore evolutionary instincts completely. C. Improve our ability to adapt to natural environment. D. Intentionally resist the urge to always choose comfort. D Art, a term as ancient as civilization itself, has long been a subject of philosophical debate and cultural interpretation. Rooted in the Latin word ars (meaning “skill” or “craft”), art transcends (超越) its original definition to include a vast range of human creativity. Today, art is understood not merely as a technical proficiency but as a profound medium for expressing ideas, emotions, and perspectives that challenge, inspire, and provoke thought. At its core, art is a language — one that transcends verbal and written forms. It communicates through visual, auditory, and touch experiences, allowing artists to convey complex emotions and concepts that might otherwise remain unspoken. For instance, a painting may arouse an intense feeling of sadness through its color board and brushstrokes, while a symphony might express the struggle between chaos and order through rhythm and harmony. This non-verbal dialogue enables art to resonate deeply with audiences, fostering connections across cultures and time periods. The definition of art has expanded dramatically over centuries. From classical sculptures and Renaissance paintings to modern digital sculpture and performance art, each era has redefined what makes up artistic expression. The arrival of technology has further blurred the lines between traditional and contemporary art, giving rise to styles like digital art, bio-art, and virtual reality experiences. These innovations emphasize art’s adaptive nature, reflecting societal changes and pushing the boundaries of human imagination. Historically, art has served as a mirror to society, reflecting its values, conflicts, and aspirations. Artists often act as social commentators. For example, contemporary street artists like Banksy use murals (壁画) to address issues such as consumerism and political corruption. In this way, art becomes a tool for activism, calling up communities and sparking conversations about pressing global issues. Art is deeply linked with the human condition. It reflects our dreams, fears, joys, and sorrows, offering a window into the collective mind. Whether through the introspective lyrics of a song or the vibrant colors of an abstract canvas, art invites us to explore our innermost thoughts and emotions. This process of self-discovery can be healing, helping individuals navigate life’s challenges and find meaning in their experiences. 12. As for art’s core function which statement would the author most likely agree with? A. Artistic value depends entirely on unspoken concepts. B. A painting’s colors can communicate what words cannot. C. Modern art lost its capacity to inspire non-verbal dialogue. D. The purpose of art is to provide entertainment for the public. 13. What can be inferred about the relationship between technology and art from Paragraph 3? A. Technology limits artists’ creative imagination. B. Traditional art forms are becoming out of date. C. Digital art has changed art’s adaptative nature. D. Technological progress redefines artistic boundaries. 14. The example of Banksy’s murals is used to show that art can _________. A. promote consumerism. B. decorate public spaces. C. criticize political issues. D. preserve global traditions. 15. What does the author suggest about art’s relationship with human emotions? A. Art complicates personal feelings. B. Art provides a way for self-exploration. C. Art helps people avoid life’s challenges. D. Art offers meaning in previous experiences. 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world that moves faster than ever, where screens flash and notifications buzz, it’s easy to feel disconnected. But what if the answers to our modern struggles were found not in the latest app, but in the wisdom of a 16th-century Chinese philosopher? Wang Yangming, a thinker who bridged the gap between mind and action, offers a timeless guide for navigating the chaos of today’s world. The Man Behind the Philosophy: A Life of Action Wang Yangming’s life was anything but ordinary. ___16___ But his greatest achievement was his philosophy, which centered on the idea of zhixing heyi — the unity of knowledge and action. “To know and not to act is not to know,” he famously said. Isn’t that exactly what we need in a world full of ideas but often lacking in action? The Modern Dilemma: Information Overload, Action Underload ___17___ It’s easy to feel overwhelmed. We read through endless feeds, absorbing ideas but rarely acting on them. Wang Yangmin’s philosophy reminds us that true wisdom isn’t about consuming more information; it’s about turning what we know into meaningful action. ___18___ Wang led military campaigns, reformed local governance, and taught students from all walks of life. His approach was practical and grounded, focused on solving real-world problems. In today’s terms, he was the ultimate problem-solver — a philosopher who didn’t just talk the talk but walked the walk. ___19___ So, how can you apply Wang Yangming’s wisdom to your life? Start by looking within. In a world that constantly pulls our attention outward, take a moment to reflect. What do you truly believe in? What values guide your actions? ___20___ Whether it’s pursuing a passion, standing up for a cause, or simply being more present in your daily life, remember that knowledge without action is empty. A. The Turning Point: Enlightenment in War. B. The Problem-Solver: Philosophy in Practice. C. “The mind is the principle of all things.” Wang Yangming declared. D. Once you’ve connected with your inner knowing, take the next step: act. E. In our modern world, we’re constantly exposed to information and opinions. F. Born in 1472 during the Ming Dynasty, he was a scholar, a general, and a reformer. G. And that’s exactly the kind of mindset we need in our fast-paced, ever-changing world. 第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father is addicted to writing, but more than that, he’s addicted to fountain pens (钢笔). My father’s love for fountain pens has always been a source of ___21___ for me. As a kid, I loved watching him ___22___ his pen with ink and draw lines on the paper to let the ink flow, preparing it for writing. “Typing is soulless,” he says. Writing for him is a process of thinking, planning and creating, which all happen at once while he gently moves his pen on paper. All you can see is a ___23___ movement with no hurry and no pause. His pen goes up and down like a ballpoint pen as he writes the words. Every time I read his writings, I can explore his ___24___ through his fountain pen — whether he was furious, anxious, hopeful, excited, lonely, or worried. I would never have felt that if he had typed. When I was in third grade, my father bought me a fountain pen for my birthday. I felt a special ___25___ to the world of writing. The joy of writing with my fountain pen made me write more and more. I started writing short stories and essays, publishing them in newspapers and winning contests. But as I grew up, like other kids of my generation, I looked for convenience and comfort and used ballpoint pens. As I ___26___ in school, the demands of assignments and exams grew. The speed of typing on a keyboard seemed more ___27___. Then, I started typing on a computer. My father, though, has always ___28___ typing. After we immigrated from Iran to Canada, I wrote less and less, until eventually I abandoned my fountain pen. I felt trapped between language and identities. I would stare at the blank screen all day with my mind ___29___. My writing, once filled with passion, became mechanical. I missed the process of choosing the right ink color, the desire of starting a new page, and the unique feeling of a pen in my hand. I picked up my fountain pen again. At first, my hand felt ___30___ . The ink blotched, my writing was not smooth and I found myself lost in the process. But as I continued, something magical happened. The words flowed more naturally. One day, while tidying up my father’s study, I ___31___ a pile of his old manuscripts. Each page was filled with his elegant handwriting, and I could almost ___32___ the mood he poured into his words, Now, whenever I face a creative block, I reach for my fountain pen. It has become my solutions to ___33___ the hidden thoughts and feelings within me. Just like my father said, the fountain pen truly brings life to the written word. I had found the magic of pen on paper again. My father was right; it give ___34___ to the words. Whenever I am stuck, I ___35___ a pen and start writing. 21. A. expectation B. anticipation C. inspiration D. appreciation 22. A. fil1 B. load C. stuff D. pack 23. A. practical B. steady C. proper D. efficient 24. A. affection B. emotions C. enthusiasm D. expressions 25. A. relationship B. connection C. engagement D. commitment 26. A. advanced B. promoted C. upgraded D. enhanced 27. A. urgent B. challenging C. complex D. appealing 28. A. defended B. tolerated C. blocked D. resisted 29. A. stuck B. buried C. occupied D. present 30. A. tough B. inexperienced C. unskilled D. awkward 31. A. figured out B. came about C. came across D. set down 32. A. remind B. sense C. confirm D. represent 33. A. unlocking B. removing C. wrapping D. declaring 34. A. promise B. quality C. soul D. function 35. A. grab B. fetch C. hide D. seek 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Enchanting Litchi: A Blend of Taste and Culture Litchi, boasting a long and fascinating history, ____36____ (rank) among the most delicious tropical fruit. Native to southern China, this fruit ____37____ (cultivate) for two thousand years, with a Chinese name “lizhī”. The litchi fruit features a rough, bumpy outer skin that ranges from red to pinkish-brown. When the skin is gently removed, you’ll find a juicy flesh ____38____ (surround) a large, oval-shaped seed. The flesh is not only sweet but also has a fragrant flavor that makes it stand out among other fruits. Nutritionally, litchi, abundant in vitamin C, is ____39____ great value, which can significantly enhance the immune system and promote collagen synthesis (胶原蛋白) . These ____40____ (benefit) factors contribute to its reputation as a healthy and refreshing snack. In Chinese history, litchi played an essential role. Emperors in ancient times loved this fruit so much that special transportation systems were set up ____41____ (deliver) fresh litchis from southern regions. Poems written by famous poets praised the beauty and taste of litchi, making it ____42____ unique symbol of luxury and elegance. Today, Litchi is widely consumed in the Asian countries while ____43____ (export) to other parts of the globe due to its delicious taste and nutritional value. ____44____ the growing conditions vary, farmers still have learned to adapt ____45____ (technique) to ensure a good harvest. Whether eaten fresh, made into jams, or used in desserts, this delicious fruit is reaching more people, spreading its charm far and winning the hearts on fruit lovers everywhere. 第四部分写作（共三节, 满分50分） 第一节单词拼写（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据首字母提示和括号内的中文意思填写所需单词的适当形式。（注意: 请在答题卡上填写完整单词） 46. The cause of the disease is difficult to pin down p________(准确地). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. He told her not to l________ (松开) the seat belt when he drove. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 48. Heavy drinking can cause p________(永久的) damage to the brain. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. When he announced the result, she s________ (咽) hard, sniffing back her tears. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. Prices of imported food soared, and the country p________ (恐慌). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. Everyone should keep d________ (纪律) and you’re no exception. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 52 The new airport will f________ (促进) the development of tourism. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. My grandmother says a good deed is its own r________ (回报). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. The new e________ (展品) is going to tour a dozen US cities next year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 55. She is one of the most ________ (有影响力的) figures in local politics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是学生会主席, 本周学校正在举办“中国文化艺术展”。请你代表全校向英国访问学者代表团在交流会上介绍此次展览并邀请他们参观。 内容包括：1. 展览简介；2. 重点展品及特色；3. 邀请参观。 注意: 1. 词数： 80左右；2. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已给出。 Dear distinguished guests and esteemed members of the British delegation, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第三节（满分25分） 57. 阅读所给材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mary watched as students crowded around a notice announcing that the school’s radio station was looking for a second host. Butterflies filled her stomach—she had always dreamed of becoming a campus host. The radio station was a big deal: it aired music, school announcements, and entertaining shows that everyone tuned into during lunch breaks. Olivia, the current host, was confident and talented, earning widespread admiration. In contrast, Mary was naturally shy, and speaking in front of others made her nervous. Still, she decided to give it a try, even as a classmate remarked, “You? You can barely read aloud in class without stumbling (磕磕绊绊)!” Not discouraged, Mary practiced every evening by reading aloud from her textbooks. At first, she stumbled over her words, but gradually her reading grew smoother and her pronunciation clearer. She even borrowed books on public speaking from the library to learn vocal techniques. While her classmates chatted and laughed, she quietly absorbed every detail, determined to build her skills. The day of the interview finally arrived. Holding the cold microphone, Mary felt her hands grow sweaty. She read the required texts perfectly—rehearsed (排练) thousands of times—but she struggled during the improvised (即兴的) part. “Sir, I’ve been practicing for months, and I’m willing to work hard to learn,” she begged. Mr. Carter smiled gently and said, “I appreciate your determination and your excellent reading. But during a live broadcast, anything can happen, and you need to draw your audience’s attention with genuine emotion rather than simply reading from a script.” That day, no one passed the interview; everyone left except Mary. Lost in thought, she realized, “The problem isn’t with my pronunciation or reading…” It suddenly struck her that she could join the radio team in a supporting role to learn what it truly takes to be a host. 注意： 1. 写作词数应为150左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She asked Mr. Carter for permission and began by taking on small tasks. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then one day, Mr. Carter rushed in with unexpected news: Olivia had suddenly fallen ill. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 秘密★启用前【考试时间: 5月16日8: 00-10: 00】 2025年重庆一中高2026届高二下期期中考试 英语试题卷 注意事项: 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时, 务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后, 将答题卡交回。 第一部分听力（共两节, 满分20分） 第一节（共5小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman guess the bowl's age. A. By the color of it. B. By the shape of it. C By the place where it was found. 2. What is the man worrying about? A. Whether the treatment costs too much. B. Whether his cough is treated properly. C. Whether he can make a doctor's appointment. 3. How many times has the man visited the town? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 4. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a café. B. In a repair store. C. In an office. 5. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. At night. 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6至7题。 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. The future of animals. B. The endangered animals. C. The changes in animals' diet. 7. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter. 听第7段材料, 回答回答第8至9题。 8. Who is the man? A. A delivery man. B. A waiter. C. A restaurant owner. 9. What does the woman value most? A. Taking the cash. B. Serving food in time. C. Avoiding risky bike rides. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman want to do with the phone? A. Order a meal. B. Do some maths C. Pay the bill. 11. What's the bad side of technology according to the woman A. It trains people to be lazy. B. It makes people worse at math. C. It takes some jobs away from humans. 12. What do the speakers agree on about technology? A. It helps people master more skills. B. It causes certain diseases to people. C. It allows people to do more creative thinking. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman want to work for the company A. It is famous in fts field. B. Her friend works there. C. The company pays the best. 14. Which technology of the company is most attractive to the woman? A. VR technology. B. Mobile phones. C. Green-energy. 15. What does the woman think of electric cars? A. They are the best invention. B. They need to be better designed. C. They have nothing to do with her. 16. What will the company mainly work-on in the future? A. Electric bikes. B. Reuse of their products. C. Volunteer work. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. Who first introduced Rubik's Cube to the speaker? A. His grandmother. ' B. His teacher. C. His father. 18. Why did Rubik's Cube interest the speaker at first? A. He liked colorful toys. B. He loved building blocks. C. He enjoyed hands-on activities. 19. How did Rubik's Cube influence the speaker? A. It helped him get a degree. B. It changed his attitude toward math. C. It made him popular among friends. 20. What does the speaker plan to do-in the future? A. Sell Rubik's Cubes worldwide. B. Make less creative Rubik's Cubes. C. Teach children to solve Rubik's Cube. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Schisandra chinensis, is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. Here is a detailed introduction: Basic Information Botanical Characteristics: The leaves are oval-shaped, and the flowers-are usually white or pink. The fruit is a small, red berry that grows in clusters. Habitat and Distribution: It is mainly distributed in the temperate regions of Asia, including China, Russia, and Korea. In China, it is found in the northeast, north, and other regions, growing in mountainous forests. Medicinal Properties and Functions Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory: In traditional Chinese medicine, Schisandra chinensis is believed to enter the lung, kidney, and heart meridians. It has the effects of arresting coughing, nourishing the kidneys, promoting the production of body fluids and calming the mind and the spirit. Modern Pharmacological Research: Modern studies have shown that Schisandra chinensis contains a variety of active ingredients, such as schizandrin, which has anti-exhaustion, liver-protecting, and immune-regulating effects. It can also improve the function-of the central-nervous-system, enhance learning and memory abilities, and have a certain regulatory effect on the cardiovascular system (心血管系统). Usage and Dosage (剂量) Usual Dosage: The general dosage for oral administration is 3-9 grams. It can be decocted (煎) in water, made into pills, powders, or tinctures. Precautions: Schisandra chinensis is generally safe when used properly. However, it should be used with caution in patients with excessive heat in the body. Schisandra chinensis is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of medicinal uses. However, like any medicine, it should be used under the guidance of a professional doctor to ensure safety and effectiveness. 1 Where is Schisandra chinensis mainly distributed? A. Arctic regions. B. Deserts in Africa. C. Temperate regions of Asia. D. Tropical rainforests in South America. 2. Which of the following is NOT an effect of the active ingredient—schizandrin? A. Protecting the liver. B. Relieving exhaustion. C. Improving the function of skin. D. Regulating the immune system. 3. In addition to being decocted in water, how else can Schisandra chinensis be prepared for use? A Drunk as fresh juice. B. Mixed with alcohol. C. Taken as an injection. D. Made into pills or powders. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是五味子的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Habitat and Distribution:部分“It is mainly distributed in the temperate regions of Asia, including China, Russia, and Korea.(它主要分布于亚洲温带地区，包括中国、俄罗斯和韩国。)”可知，五味子主要分布在亚洲温带地区。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Modern Pharmacological Research:部分“Modern studies have shown that Schisandra chinensis contains a variety of active ingredients, such as schizandrin, which has anti-exhaustion, liver-protecting, and immune-regulating effects.(现代研究表明，五味子含有多种有效成分，如五味子素，具有抗疲劳、保肝、调节免疫等作用。)”可知，改善肌肤不是五味子素的功能，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Usual Dosage:部分“It can be decocted (煎) in water, made into pills, powders, or tinctures.(它可以在水中煎煮，制成药丸、粉末或酊剂。)”可知，五味子除了用水煎煮外，还可以制成药丸或粉末。故选D。 B On the southern and western coasts of South Africa, tiny white huts have been appearing on beaches. The structures are being built to protect African penguin families-from the hot sun. African penguins spend most of their time in the cool water of the “South Atlantic Ocean”. However, in order to breed and incubate (孵化) their eggs, they have to be on land. Unfortunately, the birds’ black coats absorb heat from the burning African sun. If they return to the water to cool off, they cannot guard their eggs and young chicks from predators. To stay safe and cool, the penguins would usually dig holes in layers of guano (海鸟粪) that had built up over thousands of years. However, in the 1800s, traders collected most of the guano and sold it as fertilizer. Due to this loss and other threats such as overfishing of their prey, the penguins’ population has fallen from about three million to fewer than 50,000 birds. The African Penguin Nest Project set out to solve the problem by creating artificial nests. The nests are shaped into round-roofed structures just large enough to fit two penguin parents and their chicks. White paint on the outside of the structure reflects sunlight. Small holes allow cool air to flow through the nest, keeping the inside at a safe temperature of 35°C or lower. The first artificial homes were placed on the beach in 2008. “Within a matter of minutes, penguins were running into them,” project director Kevin Graham said. “That tells you how desperate they are for any opportunity to find a safe place to nest.” Now more than 500 nests have been installed, and at least 99% of them are being used. Local experts say the huts are helping penguin chicks survive and are therefore an important step toward saving the species. “It’s a big part of it,” Graham said, “but there has to be more.” 4. Why were white huts built on South African beaches? A. To attract tourists to watch penguins. B. To provide food for penguin chicks. C. To help penguins swim in the ocean. D. To shelter penguin families from sunlight. 5. Which feature of the artificial nests helps penguins stay cool? A. They are in round-roofed shape. B. They are made of guano layers. C. Small holes allow air circulation. D. Their white color can absorb heat. 6. What is Kevin Graham`s attitude toward the artificial nests? A. He considers them unnecessary. B. He thinks they are a partial solution. C. He doubts their long-term effectiveness. D. He believes they saved penguins species. 7. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Beach Huts Help African Penguins B. Threats That Endanger African Penguins C. African Penguins: Masters of Adaptation D. History of Guano Trading in South Africa 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了非洲企鹅因栖息地海鸟粪被收集、猎物过度捕捞等原因面临生存威胁，为保护企鹅家庭免受烈日伤害，非洲企鹅巢穴项目建造了人工巢穴，介绍了人工巢穴的特点及对企鹅繁衍的帮助，虽有成效但保护工作仍需继续。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The structures are being built to protect African penguin families-from the hot sun.(建造这些建筑是为了保护非洲企鹅家庭免受烈日的伤害)”可知，在南非海滩建造白色小屋是为了保护企鹅家庭免受阳光照射。故D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Small holes allow cool air to flow through the nest, keeping the inside at a safe temperature of 35°C or lower.(小孔允许凉爽的空气流过巢穴，使内部温度保持在35°C或更低的安全温度)”可知，人工巢穴的小孔允许空气流通这一特点帮助企鹅保持凉爽。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Local experts say the huts are helping penguin chicks survive and are therefore an important step toward saving the species. “It’s a big part of it,” Graham said, “but there has to be more.”(当地专家表示，这些小屋正在帮助企鹅幼崽生存，因此是拯救该物种的重要一步。“这是其中很重要的一部分，”格雷厄姆说，“但还需要更多措施。”)”可推知，凯文・格雷厄姆认为人工巢穴只是部分解决方案。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了非洲企鹅因栖息地海鸟粪被收集、猎物过度捕捞等原因面临生存威胁，为保护企鹅家庭免受烈日伤害，非洲企鹅巢穴项目建造了人工巢穴，介绍了人工巢穴的特点及对企鹅繁衍的帮助，虽有成效但保护工作仍需继续。由此可知，短文的最佳标题为“海滩小屋帮助非洲企鹅”。故选A。 C The convenience of modern life is nothing short of astonishing. As I write this, my phone is wirelessly sending some of the greatest music from the 1700s (Bach, if you must know) to my portable speaker. I could use that same device to, within moments, get a car to pick me up, or have food delivered to my house. While such shortcuts save time and reduce boredom, they come with hidden costs. The fact that, as a culture, we seek out and celebrate such short cuts is understandable. Convenience appeals to our inner desire to conserve energy-a quality rooted in evolutionary psychology. Humans evolved for a hunter-gatherer lifestyle, where resisting unnecessary efforts (like venturing out in a snowstorm) enhanced survival. This instinct (天性), termed “evolutionary mismatch,” explains why we instinctively avoid discomfort today. The question is: what do we stand to lose by following our desire to prioritize comfort and convenience? Continually choosing the convenient path lessens your ability to deal with unavoidable difficulties. And, from an evolutionary perspective, some measure of discomfort is just as crucial to our survival as rest and relaxation. Our ancestors didn’t survive purely by being lazy, but through a combination of playing it safe and taking sensible risks. Discomfort, though unpleasant, builds resilience and adaptability — qualities crucial to personal growth and problem-solving. In the technological world we have fashioned, we must sometimes make a conscious effort to act in opposition to our instincts. As a culture, we must remember — and remind our young people — that while convenience feels good in the moment, our capacity to adapt and overcome challenges is part of our evolutionary heritage too, and central to the adventure of life. 8. What is the main purpose of the article? A. To praise the convenience of modern technology. B. To explain the concept of “evolutionary mismatch”. C. To warn about the risks of overdependence on convenience. D. To compare ancient survival strategy with modern lifestyles. 9. According to the text, why do humans instinctively avoid discomfort today? A. It is rooted in survival strategies from hunter-gatherer times. B. Modern technology makes life easy and free from difficulties. C. People tend to save energy and prioritize immediate happiness. D. Discomfort is no longer necessary for survival in modern society. 10. How did our ancestors ensure survival according to the text? A. By taking different risks. B. By balancing safety and risks. C. By relying entirely on instinct. D. By avoiding unnecessary efforts. 11. What does the author suggest people do in the technological world? A. Embrace convenience without hesitation. B. Ignore evolutionary instincts completely. C. Improve our ability to adapt to natural environment. D. Intentionally resist the urge to always choose comfort. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代生活中便利带来的隐藏代价，指出过度依赖便利会削弱人们应对困难的能力，并建议人们在技术世界中应有意识地抵制一味追求舒适的冲动。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The convenience of modern life is nothing short of astonishing. (现代生活的便利简直令人吃惊。)”和“While such shortcuts save time and reduce boredom, they come with hidden costs. (虽然这些捷径节省了时间，减少了无聊，但它们也带来了隐藏的成本)”可知，文章目的是警告人们过度依赖便利存在的风险。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Humans evolved for a hunter-gatherer lifestyle, where resisting unnecessary efforts (like venturing out in a snowstorm) enhanced survival. This instinct (天性), termed “evolutionary mismatch,” explains why we instinctively avoid discomfort today. (人类进化出了狩猎采集的生活方式，在这种方式下，抵制不必要的努力(比如在暴风雪中外出)有助于生存。这种本能被称为“进化不匹配”，它解释了为什么我们今天会本能地避免不适)”可知，人类今天本能地避免不适是因为它源于狩猎采集时代的生存策略。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our ancestors didn’t survive purely by being lazy, but through a combination of playing it safe and taking sensible risks. (我们的祖先并不是纯粹靠懒惰生存下来的，而是通过既谨慎行事又合理冒险的组合来生存下来的)”可知，我们的祖先通过平衡安全和风险来确保生存。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the technological world we have fashioned, we must sometimes make a conscious effort to act in opposition to our instincts.As a culture, we must remember — and remind our young people — that while convenience feels good in the moment, our capacity to adapt and overcome challenges is part of our evolutionary heritage too, and central to the adventure of life. (在我们塑造的科技世界里，我们必须有时有意识地努力违背我们的本能行事。作为一种文化，我们必须记住——并提醒我们的年轻人——虽然便利在当下感觉很好，但我们适应和克服挑战的能力也是我们进化遗产的一部分，也是生活冒险的核心)”可知，作者建议人们在科技世界中，应该有意识地抵制总是选择舒适的冲动。故选D。 D Art, a term as ancient as civilization itself, has long been a subject of philosophical debate and cultural interpretation. Rooted in the Latin word ars (meaning “skill” or “craft”), art transcends (超越) its original definition to include a vast range of human creativity. Today, art is understood not merely as a technical proficiency but as a profound medium for expressing ideas, emotions, and perspectives that challenge, inspire, and provoke thought. At its core, art is a language — one that transcends verbal and written forms. It communicates through visual, auditory, and touch experiences, allowing artists to convey complex emotions and concepts that might otherwise remain unspoken. For instance, a painting may arouse an intense feeling of sadness through its color board and brushstrokes, while a symphony might express the struggle between chaos and order through rhythm and harmony. This non-verbal dialogue enables art to resonate deeply with audiences, fostering connections across cultures and time periods. The definition of art has expanded dramatically over centuries. From classical sculptures and Renaissance paintings to modern digital sculpture and performance art, each era has redefined what makes up artistic expression. The arrival of technology has further blurred the lines between traditional and contemporary art, giving rise to styles like digital art, bio-art, and virtual reality experiences. These innovations emphasize art’s adaptive nature, reflecting societal changes and pushing the boundaries of human imagination. Historically, art has served as a mirror to society, reflecting its values, conflicts, and aspirations. Artists often act as social commentators. For example, contemporary street artists like Banksy use murals (壁画) to address issues such as consumerism and political corruption. In this way, art becomes a tool for activism, calling up communities and sparking conversations about pressing global issues. Art is deeply linked with the human condition. It reflects our dreams, fears, joys, and sorrows, offering a window into the collective mind. Whether through the introspective lyrics of a song or the vibrant colors of an abstract canvas, art invites us to explore our innermost thoughts and emotions. This process of self-discovery can be healing, helping individuals navigate life’s challenges and find meaning in their experiences. 12. As for art’s core function, which statement would the author most likely agree with? A. Artistic value depends entirely on unspoken concepts. B. A painting’s colors can communicate what words cannot. C. Modern art lost its capacity to inspire non-verbal dialogue. D. The purpose of art is to provide entertainment for the public. 13. What can be inferred about the relationship between technology and art from Paragraph 3? A. Technology limits artists’ creative imagination. B Traditional art forms are becoming out of date. C. Digital art has changed art’s adaptative nature. D. Technological progress redefines artistic boundaries. 14. The example of Banksy’s murals is used to show that art can _________. A. promote consumerism. B. decorate public spaces. C. criticize political issues. D. preserve global traditions. 15. What does the author suggest about art’s relationship with human emotions? A. Art complicates personal feelings. B. Art provides a way for self-exploration. C. Art helps people avoid life’s challenges. D. Art offers meaning in previous experiences. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍艺术的定义、核心功能、发展及与社会和人类情感的联系。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“At its core, art is a language — one that transcends verbal and written forms. It communicates through visual, auditory, and touch experiences, allowing artists to convey complex emotions and concepts that might otherwise remain unspoken. (艺术的核心是一种语言——一种超越口头和书面形式的语言。它通过视觉、听觉和触觉体验进行交流，使艺术家能够传达那些可能无法用语言表达的复杂情感和概念。)”可知，作者认为绘画的色彩能传达语言无法表达的情感。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The arrival of technology has further blurred the lines between traditional and contemporary art, giving rise to styles like digital art, bio-art, and virtual reality experiences. These innovations emphasize art’s adaptive nature, reflecting societal changes and pushing the boundaries of human imagination. (技术的到来进一步模糊了传统艺术与当代艺术之间的界限，催生了数字艺术、生物艺术和虚拟现实体验等风格。这些创新凸显了艺术的适应性本质，反映了社会变革，并推动了人类想象力的边界。)”可知，技术进步重新定义了艺术的边界。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Historically, art has served as a mirror to society, reflecting its values, conflicts, and aspirations. Artists often act as social commentators. For example, contemporary street artists like Banksy use murals to address issues such as consumerism and political corruption. In this way, art becomes a tool for activism, calling up communities and sparking conversations about pressing global issues. (从历史上看，艺术一直是社会的一面镜子，反映着社会的价值观、冲突和愿望。艺术家常常扮演社会评论者的角色。例如，当代街头艺术家Banksy等通过壁画探讨消费主义和政治腐败等问题。在这种意义上，艺术成为了一种行动主义工具，号召社区并引发关于紧迫全球问题的讨论。)”可知，Banksy的例子说明艺术可批判政治问题。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Art is deeply linked with the human condition. It reflects our dreams, fears, joys, and sorrows, offering a window into the collective mind. Whether through the introspective lyrics of a song or the vibrant colors of an abstract canvas, art invites us to explore our innermost thoughts and emotions. This process of self-discovery can be healing, helping individuals navigate life’s challenges and find meaning in their experiences. (艺术与人类的生存状态息息相关。它反映了我们的梦想、恐惧、欢乐和悲伤，为了解集体心理提供了一扇窗口。无论是通过一首歌曲的内省歌词，还是一幅抽象画布的鲜艳色彩，艺术都邀请我们探索内心最深处的思想和情感。这种自我发现的过程具有治愈作用，帮助个体应对生活中的挑战，并在经历中找到意义。)”可知，作者认为艺术为自我探索提供了途径。故选B。 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world that moves faster than ever, where screens flash and notifications buzz, it’s easy to feel disconnected. But what if the answers to our modern struggles were found not in the latest app, but in the wisdom of a 16th-century Chinese philosopher? Wang Yangming, a thinker who bridged the gap between mind and action, offers a timeless guide for navigating the chaos of today’s world. The Man Behind the Philosophy: A Life of Action Wang Yangming’s life was anything but ordinary. ___16___ But his greatest achievement was his philosophy, which centered on the idea of zhixing heyi — the unity of knowledge and action. “To know and not to act is not to know,” he famously said. Isn’t that exactly what we need in a world full of ideas but often lacking in action? The Modern Dilemma: Information Overload, Action Underload ___17___ It’s easy to feel overwhelmed. We read through endless feeds, absorbing ideas but rarely acting on them. Wang Yangmin’s philosophy reminds us that true wisdom isn’t about consuming more information; it’s about turning what we know into meaningful action. ___18___ Wang led military campaigns, reformed local governance, and taught students from all walks of life. His approach was practical and grounded, focused on solving real-world problems. In today’s terms, he was the ultimate problem-solver — a philosopher who didn’t just talk the talk but walked the walk. ___19___ So, how can you apply Wang Yangming’s wisdom to your life? Start by looking within. In a world that constantly pulls our attention outward, take a moment to reflect. What do you truly believe in? What values guide your actions? ___20___ Whether it’s pursuing a passion, standing up for a cause, or simply being more present in your daily life, remember that knowledge without action is empty. A. The Turning Point: Enlightenment in War. B. The Problem-Solver: Philosophy in Practice. C. “The mind is the principle of all things.” Wang Yangming declared. D. Once you’ve connected with your inner knowing, take the next step: act. E. In our modern world, we’re constantly exposed to information and opinions. F. Born in 1472 during the Ming Dynasty, he was a scholar, a general, and a reformer. G. And that’s exactly the kind of mindset we need in our fast-paced, ever-changing world. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了明代哲学家王阳明的思想及其在现代社会中的应用价值。 【16题详解】 上文“Wang Yangming’s life was anything but ordinary. (王阳明的一生绝非平凡)”说明王阳明的一生不平凡，空处承接上文，F选项“他出生于1472年明朝时期，是一位学者、将军和改革家”是对上文“不平凡”的具体解释，符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“The Modern Dilemma: Information Overload, Action Underload (现代困境：信息过载，行动不足)”说明我们处于信息爆炸的时代，下文“It’s easy to feel overwhelmed. We read through endless feeds, absorbing ideas but rarely acting on them. (我们很容易感到不知所措。我们浏览着无穷无尽的信息，吸收着各种想法，但很少付诸行动)”说明我们很容易被信息淹没，空处位于段首，应是本段的主旨句，E选项“在现代社会，我们不断地接触到信息和观点。”概括了下文内容，符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 下文“Wang led military campaigns, reformed local governance, and taught students from all walks of life. His approach was practical and grounded, focused on solving real-world problems. (王阳明领导过军事行动，改革过地方治理，并教导过各行各业的学生。他的方法既实用又接地气，专注于解决现实世界中的问题)”说明王阳明不仅是一位哲学家，还是一位将哲学思想付诸实践的解决问题者，空处位于段首，应是本段的主旨句，B选项“解决问题者：实践中的哲学”符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“In today’s terms, he was the ultimate problem-solver — a philosopher who didn’t just talk the talk but walked the walk. (用今天的话来说，他是一个终极的问题解决者——一个不只是纸上谈兵，而是身体力行的哲学家)”可知，此处要说明王阳明的这种哲学思想正是我们当今社会所需要的，G选项“这正是我们在快节奏、不断变化的世界中所需要的心态”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“So, how can you apply Wang Yangming’s wisdom to your life? Start by looking within. In a world that constantly pulls our attention outward, take a moment to reflect. What do you truly believe in? What values guide your actions? (那么，你如何将王阳明的智慧应用到你的生活中呢？从内省开始。在一个不断将我们的注意力向外拉的世界里，花点时间反思一下。你真正相信什么？什么价值观指引着你的行动)”以及后文“Whether it’s pursuing a passion, standing up for a cause, or simply being more present in your daily life, remember that knowledge without action is empty. (无论是追求激情，还是为事业挺身而出，或者只是在日常生活中更加投入，都要记住，没有行动的知识是空洞的)”可知，此处要说明在了解了自己的内心想法后，要采取行动，D选项“一旦你与内心的认知建立了联系，就采取下一步行动”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father is addicted to writing, but more than that, he’s addicted to fountain pens (钢笔). My father’s love for fountain pens has always been a source of ___21___ for me. As a kid, I loved watching him ___22___ his pen with ink and draw lines on the paper to let the ink flow, preparing it for writing. “Typing is soulless,” he says. Writing for him is a process of thinking, planning and creating, which all happen at once while he gently moves his pen on paper. All you can see is a ___23___ movement with no hurry and no pause. His pen goes up and down like a ballpoint pen as he writes the words. Every time I read his writings, I can explore his ___24___ through his fountain pen — whether he was furious, anxious, hopeful, excited, lonely, or worried. I would never have felt that if he had typed. When I was in third grade, my father bought me a fountain pen for my birthday. I felt a special ___25___ to the world of writing. The joy of writing with my fountain pen made me write more and more. I started writing short stories and essays, publishing them in newspapers and winning contests. But as I grew up, like other kids of my generation, I looked for convenience and comfort and used ballpoint pens. As I ___26___ in school, the demands of assignments and exams grew. The speed of typing on a keyboard seemed more ___27___. Then, I started typing on a computer. My father, though, has always ___28___ typing. After we immigrated from Iran to Canada, I wrote less and less, until eventually I abandoned my fountain pen. I felt trapped between language and identities. I would stare at the blank screen all day with my mind ___29___. My writing, once filled with passion, became mechanical. I missed the process of choosing the right ink color, the desire of starting a new page, and the unique feeling of a pen in my hand. I picked up my fountain pen again. At first, my hand felt ___30___ . The ink blotched, my writing was not smooth and I found myself lost in the process. But as I continued, something magical happened. The words flowed more naturally. One day, while tidying up my father’s study, I ___31___ a pile of his old manuscripts. Each page was filled with his elegant handwriting, and I could almost ___32___ the mood he poured into his words, Now, whenever I face a creative block, I reach for my fountain pen. It has become my solutions to ___33___ the hidden thoughts and feelings within me. Just like my father said, the fountain pen truly brings life to the written word. I had found the magic of pen on paper again. My father was right; it give ___34___ to the words. Whenever I am stuck, I ___35___ a pen and start writing. 21. A. expectation B. anticipation C. inspiration D. appreciation 22. A. fil1 B. load C. stuff D. pack 23. A. practical B. steady C. proper D. efficient 24. A. affection B. emotions C. enthusiasm D. expressions 25. A. relationship B. connection C. engagement D. commitment 26. A. advanced B. promoted C. upgraded D. enhanced 27. A. urgent B. challenging C. complex D. appealing 28. A. defended B. tolerated C. blocked D. resisted 29. A. stuck B. buried C. occupied D. present 30. A. tough B. inexperienced C. unskilled D. awkward 31. A. figured out B. came about C. came across D. set down 32. A. remind B. sense C. confirm D. represent 33. A. unlocking B. removing C. wrapping D. declaring 34. A. promise B. quality C. soul D. function 35. A. grab B. fetch C. hide D. seek 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了父亲对钢笔的痴迷以及钢笔对自己写作生涯的影响，在经历了使用圆珠笔和电脑打字后，作者重新拿起钢笔，找回了写作的激情和灵感。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲对钢笔的热爱一直是我灵感的源泉。A. expectation期望；B. anticipation预期，预料；C. inspiration灵感；D. appreciation欣赏，感激。根据后文“I started writing short stories and essays, publishing them in newspapers and winning contests.”可知，父亲对钢笔的热爱让作者开始写作，所以这是灵感的源泉。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我喜欢看他用墨水给钢笔上墨，然后在纸上画线，让墨水流动，写作做准备。A. fill填充；B. load装载；C. stuff塞满；D. pack打包。根据后文“his pen with ink”可知，此处指用墨水给钢笔上墨，fill sth. with sth.为固定短语，意为“用某物填充某物”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你所能看到的只是一个平稳的动作，不慌不忙，不停不顿。A. practical实用的；B. steady平稳的；C. proper合适的；D. efficient有效的。根据后文“with no hurry and no pause”可知，父亲写字的动作是不慌不忙，不停不顿的，所以是平稳的。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我读他的作品，我都能通过他的钢笔探索他的情绪——无论他是愤怒、焦虑、充满希望、兴奋、孤独还是担忧。A. affection喜爱；B. emotions情绪；C. enthusiasm热情；D. expressions表达。根据后文“whether he was furious, anxious, hopeful, excited, lonely, or worried”可知，此处指通过父亲的作品探索他的情绪。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到与写作世界有了一种特殊的联系。A. relationship关系；B. connection联系；C. engagement订婚，约会；D. commitment承诺。根据前文“When I was in third grade, my father bought me a fountain pen for my birthday.”可知，父亲在作者三年级时送了作者一支钢笔，这让作者感到与写作世界有了一种特殊的联系。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我在学校不断进步，作业和考试的要求也越来越高。A. advanced前进，进步；B. promoted提升；C. upgraded升级；D. enhanced增强。根据后文“the demands of assignments and exams grew”可知，作业和考试的要求越来越高，说明作者在学校不断进步。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在键盘上打字的速度似乎更有吸引力。A. urgent紧急的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. complex复杂的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“I started typing on a computer.”可知，作者开始在电脑上打字，因此在键盘上打字的速度似乎更有吸引力。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我父亲一直抵制打字。A. defended保卫；B. tolerated容忍；C. blocked阻止；D. resisted抵制。根据前文“Typing is soulless,” he says.”可知，父亲认为打字是没有灵魂的，所以一直抵制打字。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被困在语言和身份之间，我会整天盯着空白的屏幕，大脑一片空白。A. stuck被困住；B. buried埋葬；C. occupied占据；D. present出席。根据后文“I felt trapped between language and identities”以及“Whenever I am stuck”可知，作者感到被困在语言和身份之间，所以此处指大脑一片空白，即被困住。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我的手感觉很笨拙。A. tough艰难的；B. inexperienced没有经验的；C. unskilled不熟练的；D. awkward笨拙的。根据后文“The ink blotched, my writing was not smooth”可知，墨水污迹斑斑，作者的书写也不流畅，所以此处指一开始，作者的手感觉很笨拙。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，在整理父亲的书房时，我偶然发现了一堆他以前的手稿。A. figured out弄清楚；B. came about发生；C. came across偶然发现；D. set down记下。根据前文“One day, while tidying up my father’s study”以及后文“a pile of his old manuscripts”可知，作者在整理父亲的书房时，偶然发现了一堆他以前的手稿。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一页都写满了他优雅的字迹，我几乎能感觉到他投入在文字中的情绪。A. remind提醒；B. sense感觉到；C. confirm确认；D. represent代表。根据后文“the mood he poured into his words”可知，此处指作者几乎能感觉到父亲投入在文字中的情绪。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它已经成为我释放内心隐藏的想法和感受的解决方案。A. unlocking解锁，释放；B. removing移除；C. wrapping包裹；D. declaring宣布。根据后文“the hidden thoughts and feelings within me”可知，此处指释放内心隐藏的想法和感受。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它赋予了文字以灵魂。A. promise承诺；B. quality质量；C. soul灵魂；D. function功能。根据前文“Typing is soulless,” he says.”以及“the fountain pen truly brings life to the written word”可知，父亲认为打字是没有灵魂的，而钢笔能给文字带来生命，所以此处指它赋予了文字以灵魂。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我陷入困境时，我就会拿起笔开始写作。A. grab抓住，拿起；B. fetch去取；C. hide隐藏；D. seek寻找。根据后文“a pen and start writing”可知，此处指拿起一支笔开始写作。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Enchanting Litchi: A Blend of Taste and Culture Litchi, boasting a long and fascinating history, ____36____ (rank) among the most delicious tropical fruit. Native to southern China, this fruit ____37____ (cultivate) for two thousand years, with a Chinese name “lizhī”. The litchi fruit features a rough, bumpy outer skin that ranges from red to pinkish-brown. When the skin is gently removed, you’ll find a juicy flesh ____38____ (surround) a large, oval-shaped seed. The flesh is not only sweet but also has a fragrant flavor that makes it stand out among other fruits. Nutritionally, litchi, abundant in vitamin C, is ____39____ great value, which can significantly enhance the immune system and promote collagen synthesis (胶原蛋白) . These ____40____ (benefit) factors contribute to its reputation as a healthy and refreshing snack. In Chinese history, litchi played an essential role. Emperors in ancient times loved this fruit so much that special transportation systems were set up ____41____ (deliver) fresh litchis from southern regions. Poems written by famous poets praised the beauty and taste of litchi, making it ____42____ unique symbol of luxury and elegance. Today, Litchi is widely consumed in the Asian countries while ____43____ (export) to other parts of the globe due to its delicious taste and nutritional value. ____44____ the growing conditions vary, farmers still have learned to adapt ____45____ (technique) to ensure a good harvest. Whether eaten fresh, made into jams, or used in desserts, this delicious fruit is reaching more people, spreading its charm far and winning the hearts on fruit lovers everywhere. 【答案】36. ranks##is ranked 37. has been cultivated 38. surrounding 39. of 40. beneficial 41. to deliver 42. а 43. exported 44. Although##Though##While 45. techniques 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荔枝，包括其外观、营养价值，讲述了它在历史上的地位，还提到如今荔枝的消费和出口情况以及种植技术等。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：荔枝有着悠久而迷人的历史，跻身最美味的热带水果之列。rank(排名，位列)是谓语动词，主语Litchi与rank之间可以是主动关系，表示“荔枝位列……”；也可以是被动关系，表示“荔枝被列为……”；文章使用一般现在时描述客观事实，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。综上，谓语动词可用一般现在时主动语态单数形式，也可用一般现在时被动语态单数形式。故填ranks/is ranked。 【37题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这种水果原产于中国南方，已经被种植了两千年，中文名字叫“荔枝”。cultivate(种植)是谓语动词，与主语this fruit之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“for two thousand years”可知，讲述从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填has been cultivated。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当轻轻剥去外皮，你会发现多汁的果肉包裹着一颗大的椭圆形种子。“(surround) a large, oval shaped seed”作宾语补足语，surround(包裹)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语flesh之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填surrounding。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：在营养方面，富含维生素C的荔枝非常有价值，它可以显著增强免疫系统，促进胶原蛋白的合成。“of + 抽象名词”相当于该抽象名词对应的形容词，“of great value”相当于“very valuable”，意为“非常有价值”，符合语境。故填of。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些有益的因素使它享有健康清爽零食的美誉。提示词修饰名词factors，用形容词beneficial作定语，意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：古代的皇帝非常喜欢这种水果，以至于建立了特殊的运输系统，从南方地区运送新鲜的荔枝。“(deliver) fresh litchis from southern regions”是“special transportation systems were set up”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to deliver。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：著名诗人写的诗赞美了荔枝的美丽和味道，使它成为奢华和优雅的独特象征。可数名词symbol作宾语，意为“象征”，此处表泛指“一个独特的象征”，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，由于其美味的口感和营养价值，荔枝在亚洲国家被广泛食用，同时也出口到世界其他地区。“(export) to other parts of the globe”作状语，export(出口)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Litchi之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填exported。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然种植条件不同，但农民们仍然学会了采用技术来确保丰收。根据“the growing conditions vary”和“farmers still have learned to adapt...to ensure a good harvest”可知，前后是让步关系，用从属连词although或though或while(虽然，尽管)引导让步状语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：虽然种植条件不同，但农民们仍然学会了采用技术来确保丰收。提示词作宾语，用名词technique，意为“技术”，是可数名词，此处表示多种技术，用复数形式。故填techniques。 第四部分写作（共三节, 满分50分） 第一节单词拼写（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据首字母提示和括号内的中文意思填写所需单词的适当形式。（注意: 请在答题卡上填写完整单词） 46. The cause of the disease is difficult to pin down p________(准确地). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】precisely##recisely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：这种疾病的原因很难确切地确定下来。根据中英文提示可知，precisely意为“准确地”，副词，修饰动词短语pin down。故填precisely。 47. He told her not to l________ (松开) the seat belt when he drove. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】loosen 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他告诉她开车时不要松开安全带。空处应填动词loosen，tell sb. not to do sth.为固定用法，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填loosen。 48. Heavy drinking can cause p________(永久的) damage to the brain. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】permanent##ermanent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大量饮酒会对大脑造成永久性损伤。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 p 开头且表示“永久的”含义的形容词为permanent，修饰名词 damage 作定语，符合句意。故填permanent。 49. When he announced the result, she s________ (咽) hard, sniffing back her tears. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】swallowed##wallowed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当他宣布结果时，她艰难地咽了口唾沫，强忍着泪水。主句缺少谓语动词。动词“咽”英文为swallow。根据从句时态可知，用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填swallowed。 50. Prices of imported food soared, and the country p________ (恐慌). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】panicked##anicked 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：进口食品价格飙升，并且这个国家陷入了恐慌。此处为动词作谓语，根据中文提示及首字母“p”可知，此处应填动词“panic（恐慌）”，and连接两个并列分句，前一分句为一般过去时，后一分句也应用一般过去时。故填panicked。 51. Everyone should keep d________ (纪律) and you’re no exception. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】discipline##iscipline 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都应该遵守纪律，你也不例外。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“纪律”可知，空格处应用discipline，意为“纪律”，为不可数名词，在句中作宾语。故填discipline。 52. The new airport will f________ (促进) the development of tourism. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】facilitate##acilitate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：新机场将促进旅游业的发展。根据中文提示及首字母“f”可知，此处应填动词“facilitate（促进；推动）”。分析句子结构可知，will后应接动词原形构成一般将来时。故填facilitate。 53. My grandmother says a good deed is its own r________ (回报). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】reward##eward 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我祖母说，善行本身就是回报。空处应填名词reward作表语，reward为可数名词，此处表示一个抽象概念，因此用单数形式即可。故填reward。 54. The new e________ (展品) is going to tour a dozen US cities next year. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】exhibit##xhibit 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个新的展品明年将在美国的十二个城市巡回展出。“展品”作主语，根据首字母提示，用名词exhibit，结合助动词is可知，主语是单数名词。故填exhibit。 55. She is one of the most ________ (有影响力的) figures in local politics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】influential 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是当地政治中最有影响力的人物之一。根据汉语提示“有影响力的”可知，本空用形容词influential，修饰名词figures，作前置定语。故填influential。 第二节应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是学生会主席, 本周学校正在举办“中国文化艺术展”。请你代表全校向英国访问学者代表团在交流会上介绍此次展览并邀请他们参观。 内容包括：1. 展览简介；2. 重点展品及特色；3. 邀请参观。 注意: 1. 词数： 80左右；2. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已给出。 Dear distinguished guests and esteemed members of the British delegation, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear distinguished guests and esteemed members of the British delegation, on behalf of our school, it is my great honor to warmly welcome you to the ongoing "Chinese Cultural Art Exhibition", a vibrant celebration of China's profound artistic heritage. Held in the auditorium this week, it showcases China's artistic legacy through four highlights: Shang bronze vessels with mystical patterns, radiant Tang sculptures, Ming blue-and-white porcelain, and Song ink landscapes reflecting nature's harmony. Interactive stations allow you to try calligraphy or ink painting, blending tradition with hands-on creativity. Open daily from 9 am to 5 pm, this exhibition offers a glimpse into China's cultural soul. We sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition at your convenience this week. Your presence would greatly enrich this celebration of shared heritage. If you have any questions, feel free to ask! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表全校向英国访问学者代表团在交流会上介绍本周学校正在举办的“中国文化艺术展”并邀请他们参观。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸：honor→privilege 举办：hold → host 融合：blend→combine 诚挚地：sincerely→ genuinely 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Interactive stations allow you to try calligraphy or ink painting, blending tradition with hands-on creativity. 拓展句：Interactive stations allow you to try calligraphy or ink painting, which blends tradition with hands-on creativity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Dear distinguished guests and esteemed members of the British delegation, on behalf of our school, it is my great honor to warmly welcome you to the ongoing "Chinese Cultural Art Exhibition", a vibrant celebration of China's profound artistic heritage.（运用了it作形式主语） 【高分句型2】If you have any questions, feel free to ask!（运用了if引导的条件状语从句，后跟祈使句） 第三节（满分25分） 57. 阅读所给材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mary watched as students crowded around a notice announcing that the school’s radio station was looking for a second host. Butterflies filled her stomach—she had always dreamed of becoming a campus host. The radio station was a big deal: it aired music, school announcements, and entertaining shows that everyone tuned into during lunch breaks. Olivia, the current host, was confident and talented, earning widespread admiration. In contrast, Mary was naturally shy, and speaking in front of others made her nervous. Still, she decided to give it a try, even as a classmate remarked, “You? You can barely read aloud in class without stumbling (磕磕绊绊)!” Not discouraged, Mary practiced every evening by reading aloud from her textbooks. At first, she stumbled over her words, but gradually her reading grew smoother and her pronunciation clearer. She even borrowed books on public speaking from the library to learn vocal techniques. While her classmates chatted and laughed, she quietly absorbed every detail, determined to build her skills. The day of the interview finally arrived. Holding the cold microphone, Mary felt her hands grow sweaty. She read the required texts perfectly—rehearsed (排练) thousands of times—but she struggled during the improvised (即兴的) part. “Sir, I’ve been practicing for months, and I’m willing to work hard to learn,” she begged. Mr. Carter smiled gently and said, “I appreciate your determination and your excellent reading. But during a live broadcast, anything can happen, and you need to draw your audience’s attention with genuine emotion rather than simply reading from a script.” That day, no one passed the interview; everyone left except Mary. Lost in thought, she realized, “The problem isn’t with my pronunciation or reading…” It suddenly struck her that she could join the radio team in a supporting role to learn what it truly takes to be a host. 注意： 1. 写作词数应为150左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She asked Mr. Carter for permission and began by taking on small tasks. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then one day, Mr. Carter rushed in with unexpected news: Olivia had suddenly fallen ill. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: She asked Mr. Carter for permission and began by taking on small tasks. Organizing scripts, preparing playlists and setting the facilities, Mary threw herself into these tasks, treating each one as an opportunity to learn. During breaks, she observed Olivia’s hosting techniques—how she handled technical issues and managed to make the audience feel excited and engaged. When no one was around, she would practice, pretending to host her own show, announcing imaginary school news, reciting poems, or introducing songs, just like Olivia did. As days turned into weeks, her notebook was filled with her thoughts and reflections. Mary felt more confident, and she hoped she could finally share her voice with the school. Then one day, Mr. Carter rushed in with unexpected news: Olivia had suddenly fallen ill. Mary stood up, her palms sweating but voice steady. “I’ve learned a lot these days. May I try?” The studio fell silent. Mr. Carter studied her determined face and nodded. Holding the cold mic tightly, Mary’s clear voice flowed through speakers. She perfectly reported the news that day, played up beat music, and even shared fun stories about their school’s history. Students paused their sandwiches, recognizing the new voice. By broadcast end, the radio office buzzed with approval. Mr. Carter smiled, “Seems we already have our second host.” Mary was still holding the mic, which wasn’t cold anymore, but held the warmth of every host who’d ever panicked, triumphed, and grown here—including her. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mary是一个害羞但怀揣电台主持梦想的女孩，尽管在公开场合讲话会让她紧张，甚至被同学嘲笑，但她仍坚持每晚练习朗读和学习演讲技巧。在学校电台招募新主持的面试中，她虽然完美完成了准备好的部分，却在即兴环节表现不佳。评委Mr. Carter指出，真正的主持需要真情实感而非机械朗读。尽管没通过面试，Mary并未放弃，而是决定以辅助身份加入电台团队，从中学习如何成为一名真正的主持人。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“她征求了Mr. Carter的同意，开始做一些小任务。”可知，第一段可描述Mary如何在电台团队中向他人学习，充实自己，让自己变得自信。 ②由第二段首句内容“后来有一天，Mr. Carter带着意想不到的消息冲了进来：Olivia突然生病了。”可知，第二段可描述Mary抓住了这次机会，勇敢推荐自己去主持，并取得成功。 2. 续写线索：作辅助——每天完成工作的同时向他人学习——努力练习——变得自信————自荐——成功——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①投身于：throw oneself into/immerse oneself in ②观察：observe/notice ③宣布：announce/declare 情绪类 ①坚定的：determined/ resolute ②兴奋的：excited/thrilled 【点睛】[高分句型1]When no one was around, she would practice, pretending to host her own show, announcing imaginary school news, reciting poems, or introducing songs, just like Olivia did.(when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2]Mary was still holding the mic, which wasn’t cold anymore, but held the warmth of every host who’d ever panicked, triumphed, and grown here—including her.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$