02.Unit 1 Happy Holiday(语法知识)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(人教版2024)

2025-05-23
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 1 Happy Holiday
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 词汇
使用场景 同步教学
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 231 KB
发布时间 2025-05-23
更新时间 2025-05-23
作者 天空英语
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-05-23
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2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(人教版2024) Unit 1 Happy Holiday语法知识 必备知识清单 单元语法知识 (不定代词/一般过去时) 一、不定代词及其用法 1.构成 不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词 。它可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。 常见的不定代词有: some(something,somebody,someone)、any(anything,anybody,anyone)、no(nothing,nobody,no one)、every(everything,everybody,everyone)、all、each、both、much、many、(a) little、(a) few、other (s)、another、none、one、either、neither 等。 复合不定代词:由 some,any,no,every 分别与 body,one,thing 构成的合成代词,如 somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody;someone,anyone,everyone,no one;something,anything,everything,nothing。 2.用法: (1)基本用法 作主语:复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:Something is wrong with my bike.(我的自行车出毛病了。);Everyone has his own dream.(每个人都有自己的梦想。) 作宾语:I know nothing about this plan.(关于这个计划我一无所知。);Can you help me find someone who can speak English?(你能帮我找一个会说英语的人吗?) 作表语:My problem is something difficult to solve.(我的问题是有些难以解决的事情。) 定语后置:当有形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词要放在它们后面。比如:I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事情要告诉你。);There is nothing new in today's newspaper.(今天的报纸上没有什么新鲜事。) (2)some 系列与 any 系列的区别 一般情况:some(something,somebody,someone)常用于肯定句;any(anything,anybody,anyone)常用于否定句和疑问句。 例如:There are some books on the desk.(桌子上有一些书。) Is there anything in the box?(盒子里有东西吗?) He doesn't know anyone here.(他在这里不认识任何人。) 特殊情况:在表示请求、建议,希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中,要用 some(something,somebody,someone)。 例如:Would you like some coffee?(你想要一些咖啡吗?) Could you give me something to eat?(你能给我一些吃的吗?) May I ask you some questions?(我可以问你一些问题吗?) any(anything,anybody,anyone)有时也用于肯定句中,表示 “任何的、任何东西、任何人”。 例如:You can come at any time.(你可以在任何时间来。) You can choose any one of these gifts.(你可以从这些礼物中选择任何一个。) (3)其他不定代词用法 all:表示 “全体,所有(指三者或三者以上)”。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语,可代表或修饰可数名词和不可数名词。例如: All of the students passed the exam.(所有的学生都通过了考试。)(作主语,代表可数名词复数) All the food has been eaten.(所有的食物都被吃光了。)(作定语,修饰不可数名词。) both:表示 “两者都”。和 all 一样,可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语 。例如: Both of them are good at math.(他们两个都擅长数学。) We invited both to the party.(我们邀请了他们两人来参加派对。) none:表示 “无人或无”,其含义与 all 相反,用法相当于名词,在句中一般作主语或宾语。代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数皆可。例如: None of the water is clean.(这些水没有一点是干净的。)(作主语,代替不可数名词) None of the books are/is interesting.(这些书没有一本是有趣的。)(作主语,代替可数名词) either:表示 “两者之中的任何一个,这个或那个”。可在句中作主语、宾语和定语。例如: Either of them can go.(他们两人中任何一个都可以去。) You can choose either book.(你可以选择两本书中的任何一本。)作定语。 neither:是 either 的否定形式,表示 “两者都不”。可作主语、宾语和定语。例如: Neither of them likes playing basketball.(他们两人都不喜欢打篮球。) I like neither of the two movies.(这两部电影我都不喜欢。) each:表示 “每个,各自的”,强调每一个人或事物的个别情况,在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。例如: Each student has a new book.(每个学生都有一本新书。) She gave each of us a gift.(她给了我们每个人一份礼物。) every:表示 “每个,每一的,一切的”,有 “全体” 的意思,与 all 意义相近,但只能作定语。例如: Every student in our class likes English.(我们班每个学生都喜欢英语。) 二、一般过去时的用法 一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。 1.构成形式 (1)be 动词的一般过去时:主语 + was/were + 其他。was 用于第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数(he,she,it 等);were 用于第二人称单数(you)和各人称复数(we,you,they 等)。例如: I was at home yesterday.(我昨天在家。) They were happy last weekend.(他们上周末很开心。) (2)实义动词的一般过去时:主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他。动词过去式的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化 。 规则变化:一般在动词原形后加 -ed,如 work - worked,look - looked;以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,加 -d,如 live - lived;以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词,变 y 为 i 再加 -ed,如 study - studied;以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写这个辅音字母再加 -ed,如 stop - stopped 。 不规则变化:需要特殊记忆,如 go - went,do - did,have - had,come - came,see - saw 等 。例如: He played basketball yesterday afternoon.(他昨天下午打篮球了。) She had breakfast at 7:00 this morning.(她今天早上 7 点吃的早餐。) 2.基本用法 (1)表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态:常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、in 1990(在 1990 年)、two days ago(两天前)、the other day(不久前某一天)等。例如: I visited my grandparents last Sunday.(我上周日看望了我的祖父母。) He bought a new bike two days ago.(他两天前买了一辆新自行车。) (2)表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作:常与 always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、never(从不)等频率副词连用。例如: He often went to school by bike last year.(去年他经常骑自行车去上学。) When I was a child, I always played football after school.(当我是个孩子的时候,我总是放学后踢足球。) (3)表示过去连续发生的一系列动作:动作按照发生的先后顺序依次用过去式表示 。例如: He got up, washed his face, brushed his teeth, and then had breakfast.(他起床,洗脸,刷牙,然后吃早饭。) (4)在间接引语中,由于时态呼应的关系,要用一般过去时表示现在的情况:当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。例如: He said he was busy.(他说他很忙。) She told me she liked the movie.(她告诉我她喜欢这部电影。) (5)用于虚拟语气中:在 if 引导的非真实条件句中,表示与现在事实相反的假设时,从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词用 were),主句用 would/could/might + 动词原形。例如: If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。) If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)(这里虽然说的是对将来情况的假设,但从句用一般过去时) (6)追述逝去的人或事:例如:The famous writer died last year. He wrote many great novels.(这位著名作家去年去世了。他写了许多伟大的小说。) 3.一般过去时的否定句和疑问句 (1)否定句 be 动词的一般过去时:直接在 was/were 后加 not,was not 可缩写为 wasn't,were not 可缩写为 weren't。例如: I was not (wasn't) at school yesterday.(我昨天不在学校。) They were not (weren't) happy last night.(他们昨晚不开心。) 实义动词的一般过去时:要借助助动词 didn't(did not 的缩写),后面的动词用原形。例如: He didn't play football last weekend.(他上周末没有踢足球。) She didn't go to the park yesterday.(她昨天没有去公园。) (2)疑问句 be 动词的一般过去时:把 was/were 提到主语前面,首字母大写,句末用问号。例如: Were you at home last night?(你昨晚在家吗?) Was he late for school this morning?(他今天早上上学迟到了吗?) 实义动词的一般过去时:借助助动词 did 放在句首,首字母大写,后面的动词用原形。例如: Did she go to the cinema yesterday?(她昨天去看电影了吗?) Did they have a good time at the party?(他们在派对上玩得开心吗?) 核心知识回顾 1.other(s),the other,the others,another (1)other:表示 “其他的,另外的”,相当于名词或形容词,可在句中作主语、宾语、定语等 。相当于名词时,有复数形式 others,还有所有格形式 other's 和 others'。例如: The other students in my class went to the park.(我班上其他的学生去了公园。) Some students like reading, others like playing games.(一些学生喜欢阅读,另一些学生喜欢玩游戏。) (2)the other:表示 “另一个”,指两者或两部分之中的另一个(除掉已经提到的一个,特指剩下的那一个),常与 one...,the other... 搭配,意为 “一个……,另一个……”。例如: I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.(我有两支钢笔。一支是红色的,另一支是蓝色的。) (3)the others:表示在一个范围内的其他全部 。例如: There are 40 students in our class. Ten of them are boys, and the others are girls.(我们班有 40 个学生。其中 10 个是男孩,其余的是女孩。) (4)another:表示 “另一个,又一个”,指三者或三者以上不定数目中的另一个人或物 ,只能代替或修饰可数的单数名词,前面不再用冠词。例如: I don't like this shirt. Please show me another.(我不喜欢这件衬衫。请给我拿另一件看看。) Would you like another cup of tea?(你想再来一杯茶吗?) 2.few,a few,little,a little (1)few,a few:修饰可数名词复数。few 表示 “很少,几乎没有”,具有否定意义;a few 表示 “有一些,有几个”,具有肯定意义 。例如: There are few apples in the fridge. We need to buy some.(冰箱里几乎没有苹果了。我们需要买一些。) I have a few friends in this city.(我在这个城市有几个朋友。) (2)little,a little:修饰不可数名词。little 表示 “很少,几乎没有”,具有否定意义;a little 表示 “有一些,有一点儿”,具有肯定意义。例如: There is little milk in the bottle. We can't make coffee.(瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。我们没法冲咖啡了。) There is a little water in the glass. You can drink it.(杯子里有一点儿水。你可以喝。) 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1.—What do you enjoy doing in your free time? —Drawing. ________ is more exciting to see my ideas come to life as I draw. A.Nothing B.Something C.Anything D.Everything 2.Please listen to the teacher carefully. She has _______ to tell us. A.important something B.important anything C.something important D.anything important 3.—Miss Zhao, could you please tell me how I can improve (提升) myself? —One of the best ways is to play against ________ who is stronger. A.someone B.anything C.everyone D.no one 4.We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do _______. A.something meaningful B.meaningful something C.anything meaningful D.meaningful anything 5.—Is your sister ill? —Don’t worry. It’s _______, only a little cold. A.serious anything B.nothing serious C.serious nothing D.anything serious 6.—Is there ________ in today’s newspaper? —No. I think everything in it ________ boring. A.interesting anything; are B.something interesting; are C.interesting something; is D.anything interesting; is 7.I don’t want to be ________ else. I just want to be ___________. A.anybody; myself B.somebody; myself C.everybody; me D.anyone; us 8.—Wow, so cool! Who taught you to play football? —________. I learned by ________. A.Somebody; me B.Nobody; myself C.Nobody; me D.Somebody; myself 9.—I’m sorry, Mom. I only got an “A-” in the English exam. —Don’t lose your heart. You know, ________ can always win the first place. Come on, Jack! A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody 10.—OK. A hamburger, two apple pies and a mashed potato. Something to drink, sir? —________ but coke, please. Coke is too sweet for me. A.Something B.Anything C.Everything D.Nothing 11.Smoke signals ________ messages by ancient Chinese soldiers. A.used to send B.were used to send C.were used to sending D.used to sending 12.The teacher ________ to the students about the activity yesterday. A.talks B.talked C.talking D.to talk 13.—Where did you go last Sunday? —I ________ to the community center with my friends. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 14.Yesterday I _________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time! A.will play B.play C.played D.plays 15.The 16-year-old boy ________ Greece last month. A.goes to B.went to C.is going to D.go to 16.—I have a ticket for the basketball game tonight. —Cool! How________ you________ it? A.had; got B.did; get C.will; get D.were; getting 17.—The movie is really boring. —I agree. I________ it for half an hour but I couldn’t stand it. A.watched B.have watched C.was watching D.had watched 18.I ________ to review for the test today so I ________ a bad grade. A.forget; get B.forgot; got C.forget; got D.forgot; get 19.—What did you do last weekend?   —I ________ my grandparents. A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.will visit 20.—_________ your father interested in football? —No. But he really _________ it many years ago. A.Is; likes B.Was; likes C.Is; liked D.Was; liked 21.—Hello, Mum. Are you still in Stone Forest? —No. We’re back home. We ________ a good time. A.have B.had C.are having D.will have 22.—Look at the sign. You can’t park your car around here. —Oh, I’m sorry. I _________ that. A.don’t see B.won’t see C.didn’t see D.am not seeing 23.My first teacher was Mr. Tian and he ________ very strict but nice. A.was B.is C.are D.were 24.—You can’ t take photos here. The sign (标志) says “No Photos” — Sorry. I ________ see it. A.don’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.won’t 25.—________ Alice ________ the garden finally? —No. She ________ small but she had no key. A.Did; enter; became B.Did; entered; become C.Was; go; did D.Was; went; didn’t 26.—________ you tired after running yesterday? —No. I ________ feel tired at all. A.Did; didn’t B.Were; wasn’t C.Were; didn’t D.Did; wasn’t 27.—I have to leave right now. —What a pity! I_________ you could stay a little longer with us. A.think B.thought C.will think D.am thinking 28.Three years ago, she ________ believe that happiness was just simple and easy. A.doesn’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t 29.—I ________ a letter to you last week. ________ you ________ it? —No, not yet. A.posted; Have; received B.have posted; Did; receive C.have posted; Have; received D.posted; Do; receive 30.—What did you do last night? —I ________ my room. A.clean B.cleaned C.will clean D.am cleaning 二、单词拼写 31.They (have) a good time last weekend. 32.The girl (be) ill yesterday. 33.Shenyang Imperial Palace (receive) more than 4 million visitors in 2023. 34.—You look very tired! —Yes, I (sleep) only five hours last night. I (watch) the closing ceremony of the Paris Olympic Games. 35.She (gain) confidence little by little after the teacher encouraged her. 36.The teacher explained it to me again, and then I (understand) it. 37.The boy (make) a form and asked others to fill in it. 38.David (try) many ways to make the kite fly. He succeeded in the end. 39.They (not help) Uncle Li last Sunday. 40.After losing the way, we (follow) a small river back. 41.They (hold) hands when they walked in the dark. 42.We (not see) any stars because the sky was cloudy. 43.Tom bought a watch and (send) it to Jenny. 44.Last month, my cousin (pick) up plastic bottles in the river. 45.The rain (start) (sudden). 46.Why are you late? Is there (something) wrong? 47.I don’t feel well and don’t want to eat (something). 48.I don’t think (someone) can solve (解决) this problem easily. 49.Tom felt a little afraid because he didn’t know (someone) in his new school. 50.Is there (someone) giving a (help) hand in cleaning up the park? 三、完成句子 51.每一次你都会学到一些新的东西。 Each time you will learn . 52.但他认为一切皆有可能,只要你尽自己最大的努力。 But he thought as long as you try your best. 53.凯文昨天遇见什么有趣的人了吗? Did Kevin meet yesterday? 54.不是每一个人都喜欢这部电影。 likes the movie. 55.你在乡村发现了什么有趣的事情吗? Do you find in the countryside? 56.你有没有买什么特别的东西? Did you buy ? 57.并且因为糟糕的天气,底下的东西我们什么都看不到。 And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see . 58.人们将不用钞票。一切都将是免费的。 People won’t use money. free. 59.今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的事情。 There is in today’s newspaper. 60.糟糕的事情发生了。 Something . 61.昨天,琳达拒绝了我的邀请。 Yesterday Linda my invitation. 62.许多学校制定了计划确保学生的安全。 Many schools to make sure of students’ safety. 63.睡了一个好觉后,李华精力充沛。 After a good sleep, Li Hua energy. 64.去年我去伦敦参加了一个教育交流项目。 I an educational exchange program in London last year. 65.当我到他家时,他正忙于做作业。 He his homework when I got to his home. 66.他在这所大学主修工程学,之后又到国外深造。 He engineering at this university and later his study abroad. 67.因为他从不放弃,所以最后他的梦想成真了。 His dream at last because he never . 68.我过去常常熬夜看电视,不过我如今再也不这么做了。 I stay up late to watch TV, but I don’t do it any more now. 69.我们不得不用手洗所有的衣服,这花了我们很多时间。 We wash all our clothes , and this us a lot of time. 70.他花了4年时间攻读工程学并且授予了博士学位。 He 4 years engineering and a doctoral degree. 71.我过去常常在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈一起出去看天空 I go outside with my mum and look at the sky 72.这位年轻人不假思索地跳进河里去救那个孩子。 The young man the river the child without thinking again. 73.他继续工作到深夜为了完成有关白洋淀的项目。 He late into the night to finish the project about Baiyang Lake. 74.暴风雨来临时天突然变黑了。 The sky suddenly when the storm . 75.我昨天和我的家人去了公园。 I the yesterday. 76.受伤后,他开始培训人民像他一样当一个好警察。 After he , he began people good police officers like him. 77.何涛过去常常在周末和他的朋友们外出。 He Tao with his friends on weekends. 78.每个人都努力工作,得到了很好的锻炼。 Everyone and got some good exercise. 79.晚上,我们到达了山顶并搭起了帐篷。 In the evening, we the top of the mountain and the tent. 80.我的家人喜欢露营。上个周末,我们在森林公园有一段难忘的旅程。 My family . Last weekend, we a forest park. 参考答案 一、 1.A 【解析】句意:——你空闲时间喜欢做什么?——画画。没有什么比看着我的想法在绘画中变成现实更令人兴奋的了。 考查代词辨析。Nothing没有什么; Something某件事; Anything任何事;Everything一切。根据“Drawing…is more exciting to see my ideas come to life as I draw.”可知,作者想表达“没有比画画更令人兴奋的事”,强调绘画带来的独特满足感。“Nothing is more…”是固定句型,表示“没有什么比……更……”。故选A。 2.C 【解析】句意:请认真听老师讲课。她有重要的事情要告诉我们。 考查不定代词辨析和定语后置。something一些事;anything任何事。根据“She has…to tell us.”可知,定语修饰复合不定代词时,要后置,排除A、B;根据“Please listen to the teacher carefully.”可知,此处指的是请认真听老师讲课。她有重要的事情要告诉我们。句子为肯定句,something“一些”,符合语境。故选C。 3.A 【解析】句意:——赵老师,请问我该如何提升自己?——最好的方法之一是和比你强的人较量。 考查不定代词的用法。someone某人;anything任何事;everyone每个人;no one没有人。根据“to play against...who is stronger”可知,此处是介绍提升自己的方法,所以是和更强的人较量,空处指代“某人”,故选A。 4.A 【解析】句意:我们应该明智地使用零花钱,用它来做有意义的事。 考查不定代词及定语后置。something某事,常用于肯定句;anything任何事,常用于否定句或疑问句;meaningful有意义的。根据“We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do”可知,句子是肯定句,用something,排除C、D选项;形容词修饰不定代词时需后置。故选A。 5.B 【解析】句意:——你的妹妹生病了吗?——不用担心。不严重,只是有一点感冒。 考查代词辨析和定语后置。nothing什么都没有;anything任何事;serious严重的,形容词。根据语境,此处表示不严重,只是有一点感冒,nothing符合语境;形容词修饰不定代词,置于代词之后。故选B。 6.D 【解析】句意:——今天的报纸上有什么有趣的内容吗?——没有。我觉得里面的内容都很无聊。 考查不定代词和定语后置。interesting有趣的;something某事,通常用于肯定句;anything某事,通常用于否定句或疑问句;are主语是复数;is主语是单数或不可数名词。根据“Is there…in today’s newspaper”以及“everything”可知,这里是一般疑问句,形容词修饰不定代词要后置,第二句主语是everything,谓语动词用单数,故选D。 7.A 【解析】句意:我不想成为任何人。我只想做我自己。 考查代词辨析。anybody任何人;myself我自己;somebody某人;everybody每个人;me我;us我们。根据“I don’t want to be...else. I just want to be”可知是不想成为任何人,只想做自己,故第一个空填anybody,第二个空填myself。故选A。 8.B 【解析】句意:——哇,太酷了!谁教你踢足球的?——没人教我。我是自学的。 考查不定代词和反身代词。Somebody某人,有人;Nobody没有人;me我;myself我自己。根据“...I learned by...”和选项可知,此处应是指没有人教“我”踢足球,“我”是自学的,by myself“我自己”。故选B。 9.D 【解析】句意:——对不起,妈妈。我英语考试只得了个 “A-”。 ——别失去信心。你知道,没有人能永远赢得第一名。加油,杰克! 考查复合不定代词。everybody每个人;somebody某人;anybody任何一个;nobody没有人。根据“…can always win the first place”可知,没有人能永远赢得第一名。故选D。 10.B 【解析】句意:——好的。一个汉堡、两个苹果派和一个土豆泥。先生,要喝点什么吗?——请给我可乐以外的任何东西。可乐对我来说太甜了。 考查复合不定代词辨析。Something某事物;Anything任何事物;Everything每件事,一切;Nothing没有什么。根据横线后的“…but coke, please. Coke is too sweet for me.”可知,这位先生除了不喝可乐别的什么都可以,因为可乐对他来说太甜了。anything but意为“除……以外任何事物都……”。故选B。 11.B 【解析】句意:烽火信号被古代中国士兵用来传递信息。 考查动词短语辨析。used to send过去常常传递;were used to send被用来传递;were used to sending习惯于传递;used to sending表述错误。smoke signals和send之间是被传递的关系,需用被动语态。故选B。 12.B 【解析】句意:老师昨天向学生们讲解了这次活动。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,句子需用一般过去时态,谓语动词用过去式。故选B。 13.C 【解析】句意:——你上周日去哪里了?——我和朋友们去了社区中心。 考查动词时态。go去,动词原形;goes去,第三人称单数形式;went去,动词过去式;going去,现在分词形式。根据“last Sunday”可知,对话的时态为一般过去时,答句的谓语动词也要用过去式。故选C。 14.C 【解析】句意:昨天我和我的同学打篮球。我们玩得很开心! 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“Yesterday”可知,此处应该用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 15.B 【解析】句意:这个16岁的男孩上个月去了希腊。 考查动词时态。根据“last month”可知句子时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,go的过去式是went,故选B。 16.B 【解析】句意:——我有一张今晚篮球赛的票。——酷!你是怎么得到它的? 考查一般过去时和特殊疑问句。根据“I have a ticket for the basketball game tonight.”可知,“我”已经得到票了,得到票的方法是发生在过去,特殊疑问句应用一般过去时。故选B。 17.A 【解析】句意:——这部电影真的很无聊。——我同意。我看了半个小时就受不了了。 考查动词时态。根据“but I couldn’t stand it”可知,“看电影”这个动作发生在过去,且已经结束,用一般过去时。故选A。 18.B 【解析】句意:我忘记复习今天的考试了,所以我得了个很差的成绩。 考查动词时态。forget忘记,动词原形;get得到,动词原形;forgot忘记,动词过去式;got得到,动词过去式。根据语境可知,句子描述的是过去发生的一系列动作,“忘记复习”和“取得糟糕成绩”都已经发生过了 ,所以两个空都应该用过去式。故选B。 19.B 【解析】句意:——上周末你做了什么?——我拜访了我的祖父母。 考查动词的时态。根据“What did you do last weekend?”可知,此处是询问是上周末发生的事情,答句时态为一般过去时,谓语动词应为动词过去式。故选B。 20.C 【解析】句意:——你父亲对足球感兴趣吗?  ——不。但他很多年前很喜欢足球。 考查动词时态。is是,be动词单三形式,用于一般现在时;was是,is/am的过去式,用于一般过去时;likes喜欢,like的单三形式,用于一般现在时;liked喜欢,like的过去式,用于一般过去时。第一空,询问当前状态,“be interested in”表示“对……感兴趣”,主语“your father”为第三人称单数,一般现在时中be动词用is;第二空,“many years ago”是一般过去时的标志词,所以动词like要用过去式liked。故选C。 21.B 【解析】——你好,妈妈。你还在石林吗?——没有。我们回家了。我们玩得很痛快。 考查动词的时态。根据“Are you still in Stone Forest?”及“No. We’re back home.”可知此处指在石林时玩得愉快,所以用一般过去时态:主语+动词的过去式;have动词原形,had是have的过去式,are having是现在进行时结构,will have是一般将来时结构,故选B。 22.C 【解析】句意:——看这个标志。你不能把车停在这附近。——哦,对不起。我没看到。 考查动词时态。根据“Look at the sign. You can’t park your car around here.”及“I …that.”可知,此处是指过去没有看到那个标志,应用一般过去式。故选C。 23.A 【解析】句意:我的第一位老师是田先生,他很严格,但很好。 考查时态及主谓一致。was是,be的第一和第三人称单数过去式;is是,be的第三人称单数现在时形式;are是,be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式;were是,be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式。根据“My first teacher was Mr. Tian and”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,主语he为第三人称单数,be动词应用was。故选A。 24.C 【解析】句意:——你不能在这里拍照。这个标志上写着“禁止拍照”。——抱歉。我没看见它。 考查时态。根据语境可知,是在对方告知之前没看见标志,动作发生在过去,且“see”为实义动词原形,所以要用一般过去时的助动词否定形式“didn’t”,表示过去没有发生的动作,故选C。 25.A 【解析】句意:——最后Alice进入花园了吗?——不,她变得很小,但是没有钥匙。 考查一般过去时。enter进入;go去;become变得。由had可知,时态是一般过去时,描述过去发生的动作。一般疑问句中,Did置于句首,谓语动词用原形,B选项错误;be动词was不与动词原形go/过去式went连用,可排除CD选项。故选A。 26.C 【解析】句意:——昨天跑完步后,你累吗?——不,我一点也不觉得累。 考查be动词和助动词。第一句缺少动词,与tired构成系表结构,故用be动词were作谓语动词;第二句中,有谓语动词feel,否定句中用助动词didn’t+动词原形。故选C。 27.B 【解析】句意:——我现在必须马上离开了。——真遗憾!我原以为你能和我们多待一会儿的。 考查动词时态。根据语境可知,答话人表达的是“过去曾以为对方能多留一会儿”(但现在知道不能),因此需用一般过去时。故选B。 28.C 【解析】句意:三年前,她不相信幸福就是简单和容易。 考查时态及助动词。doesn’t一般现在时态的否定形式;wasn’t一般过去时态的否定形式;didn’t一般过去时态的否定形式;isn’t一般现在时态的否定形式。根据时间状语Three years ago“三年前”可知用一般过去时态,故排除A,D。believe相信,是实意动词,变否定句时要借助助动词did。故选C。 29.A 【解析】句意:——我上周寄信给你了。你收到了吗?——不,还没。 考查时态和一般疑问句。根据“last week”可知第一空需用动词的过去式,第二三空根据回答“No, not yet.”可知需用现在完成时,主语是you,结构为have+过去分词,需将助动词have提前到句首构成一般疑问句。故选A。 30.B 【解析】句意:——你昨晚做了什么?——我打扫了房间。 考查时态。根据“last night”可知,时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式cleaned。故选B。 二、 31.had 【解析】句意:他们上周末玩得很开心。根据“last weekend”可知,句子时态是一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式,have的过去式是had。故填had。 32.was 【解析】句意:这个女孩昨天病了。根据“yesterday” 可知,此句用一般过去时,主语 “The girl” 是第三人称单数,be动词用 “was”。故填was。 33.received 【解析】句意:沈阳故宫在2023年接待了超过400万游客。根据“in 2023”可知,时态为一般过去时,因此填receive的过去式。故填received。 34. slept watched 【解析】句意:——你看起来很累!——是的,我昨晚只睡了五个小时。我观看了巴黎奥运会的闭幕式。根据“only five hours last night”可知,第一空是一般过去时,动词填过去式slept;第二个空描述的是昨晚“观看巴黎奥运会闭幕式”,同样属于过去发生的动作,因此用一般过去时。watch的过去式是watched,故填slept;watched。 35.gained 【解析】句意:在老师的鼓励下,她渐渐有了信心。根据“after the teacher encouraged her”可知事情发生在过去,所以用一般过去时,gain用其过去式是gained。故填gained。 36.understood 【解析】句意:老师又给我解释了一遍,然后我明白了。根据“explained”可知,需用一般过去时,动词用过去式understood。故填understood。 37.made 【解析】句意:男孩制作了一份表格,并要求其他人填写。根据句子结构和语境,and连接两个并列的动作,asked是过去式,因此前面的动词make也应该使用过去式。故填made。 38.tried 【解析】句意:大卫尝试了许多方法让风筝飞起来。他最后成功了。try“尝试”,是动词,根据“succeeded”可知,此处用一般过去时,故填tried。 39.did not help/didn’t help 【解析】句意:他们上周日没有帮助李叔叔。根据“They...Uncle Li last Sunday.”可知,句中时态是一般过去时。否定句结构为“did not+动词原形”,“did not”可缩写为“didn’t”,两者均正确。 故填did not help/didn’t help。 40.followed 【解析】句意:迷路后,我们沿着一条小河回去了。After losing the way是时间状语,描述事件发生的背景;题干没有给出明确的时态标志词,但根据句意推测可知,整句话描述的是过去发生的事情,谓语动词要用过去式,故填followed。 41.held 【解析】句意:他们在黑暗中行走时手牵着手。when they walked in the dark是时间状语从句,时态为一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作。主句动作hold hands与从句动作同时发生,也应用一般过去时,hold的过去式是held。故填held。 42.didn’t see 【解析】句意:因为天空是多云的,所以我们看不见星星。根据“because the sky was cloudy.”可知,时态为一般过去时,此处应借助助动词do的过去式did,在其后面加not,构成否定句,表示没有看见,助动词后面接动词原形“see”。故填didn’t see。 43.sent 【解析】句意:汤姆买了一块手表并把它送给了詹妮。分析句子结构和所给单词可知,应填动词send“送”的过去式sent,和前面的bought并列作谓语。故填sent。 44.picked 【解析】句意:上个月,我表弟在河里捡塑料瓶。根据“Last month”可知,时态是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式picked。故填picked。 45. started suddenly 【解析】句意:雨突然下起来了。第一空根据语境可知,描述雨过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,start的过去式为started;第二空修饰started,应用sudden的副词形式suddenly。故填started;suddenly。 46.anything 【解析】句意:你为什么迟到了?有什么问题吗?根据“Is there ... wrong?”可知,句子是一般疑问句,something常用于肯定句,疑问句需改为anything。故填anything。 47.anything 【解析】句意:我觉得不舒服。我什么都不想吃。something“某些东西”,一般用于肯定句中;anything“任何东西”,一般用于否定句。根据“I don’t feel well.”可知,什么都不想吃,需不定代词anything。故填anything。 48.anyone 【解析】句意:我认为没有人能轻易解决这个问题。根据“I don’t think”可知,从句表达否定含义,someone通常用于肯定句,而否定句或疑问句中需用anyone。故填anyone。 49.anyone 【解析】句意:Tom感到有点害怕,因为他在新学校里不认识任何人。在否定句中,不定代词用anyone“任何人”。故填anyone。 50. anyone helping 【解析】句意:有没有人在帮忙打扫公园?  这是一个一般疑问句,在一般疑问句中,通常用“anyone”代替“someone”来表示“某人” ,所以第一个空格处填anyone;“giving a helping hand” (给予帮助),所以第二个空格填helping。故填anyone;helping。 三、 51. something new 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“新东西”,something“某事、某物”,new“新的”,形容词修饰不定代词时应后置。故填something;new。 52.everything was possible 【解析】对照中英文,可知设空处缺“一切皆有可能”。“一切”的英语是“everything”;“可能的”的英语是“possible”,在句子中作表语。“一切皆有可能”是主系表结构,主语是“everything”,根据“thought”可知,该句是一般过去时,be动词填was。故填everything was possible。 53. anyone interesting 【解析】分析句子可知,该句是疑问句,用anyone“任何人”指代某人;interesting“有趣的”,anyone是复合代词,形容词修饰复合不定代词需要后置。故填anyone;interesting。 54. Not everyone/everybody 【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“不是每一个人”;结合英文题干和汉语提示可知,此处考查not everyone/everybody“并非每个人”,表示部分否定,其中not位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Not;everyone/everybody。 55. anything interesting 【解析】对照中英文,设空处缺“有趣的事情”的英文表达,该句是疑问句,所以something变为anything;形容词interesting“有趣的”修饰复合不定代词需后置,故填anything;interesting。 56. anything special 【解析】根据中英对照,画线处表示“特别的东西”,此句是一般疑问句,要用anything表示“一些东西”,修饰复合不定代词的形容词需放于该代词之后,anything special特别的东西。故填anything;special。 57. anything below 【解析】根据“And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see…”及汉语提示可知,空处应表达“底下的任何东西”,anything“任何东西”,用于否定句或一般疑问句;“下面的”应用介词below。故填anything;below。 58. Everything will be 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,英文句子缺少“一切都将是”,everything“一切”,句首首字母e要大写;will be“将是”。故填Everything;will;be。 59. nothing interesting 【解析】根据中英文对照,缺少 “没有什么有趣的事情”,nothing “没有什么”,interesting“有趣的”。形容词作定语时,放在复合不定代词之后。故填nothing;interesting。 60. terrible happened 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,terrible“糟糕的”,形容词,形容词应置于不定代词之后,something terrible“糟糕的事情”;happen“发生”,动词;句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词应用动词的过去式,happen的过去式为happened。故填terrible;happened。 61. turned down 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空格处缺少“拒绝”的表达,turn down“拒绝”,固定短语,由Yesterday可知,句子时态为一般过去时,turn的过去式为turned。故填turned;down。 62. made plans 【解析】make plans to do sth“制定计划做某事”,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,故填made;plans。 63. was full of 【解析】根据题干,缺少的信息为“充沛”,be full of... “充满……”,此句在描述过去的事且主语是单数,所以be动词用was。故填was;full;of。 64. took part in 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“参加”的英文take part in,动词短语;根据“last year”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填took;part;in。 65. was busy doing 【解析】表达“忙于做某事”用短语be busy doing sth.,根据句意以及“when I got to his home”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,主语是第三人称单数He,所以be动词用was。故填was;busy;doing。 66. majored in furthered 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,句中缺少“主修”和“深造”的表达。常用动词短语“major in”表示“主修某专业”,符合语境;根据“在这所大学”和“之后”可知,时态为一般过去时,故用过去式“majored in”。“进一步深造”常用动词“further”,构成“further one’s study”表示“深造”,用过去式“furthered”符合时间顺序。故填majored;in;furthered。 67. came true gave up 【解析】根据汉语提示可知,空格处需填写“成真”、“不放弃”。come true“成真”;give up“放弃”;题干没有给出明确的时间标志词,根据句意可知描述过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时,动词均用过去式。故填came;true;gave;up。 68. used to 【解析】根据中英文对照,空格处缺“过去常常”,其英文表达是be used to do。故填used;to。 69. had to by hand took 【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“不得不”、“用手”和“花了”;根据英文题干和汉语提示可知,此处考查have to“不得不”,句子陈述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,这里应用过去式had;by hand“用手”,介词短语;take“花费”,动词,这里应用过去式took。故填had;to;by;hand;took。 70. spent studying was awarded 【解析】spend time doing sth.“某人花费时间做某事”,时态为一般过去时;spend的过去式为spent;study“学习”,动名词形式为studying;主语和授予是被动关系,时态为一般过去时,因此三、四空使用一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+过去分词,award“授予”,过去分词为awarded,主语he,be动词用was。故填spent;studying;was;awarded。 71. used to on clear nights 【解析】据句意可知,第一空和第二空表示“过去常常”,用固定短语“used to”,表示过去某个时间里经常发生的动作或状态,或者过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;第三空到第五空表示“在晴朗的夜晚”,其中“在……夜晚”用介词“on”表示具体某一天的晚上,“晴朗的”用形容词“clear”修饰名词“nights(夜晚,复数形式,因为夜晚不止一个,用复数表泛指)” 。故填used;to;on;clear;nights。 72. jumped into to save 【解析】jump into“跳进”,此处叙述发生过的事,谓语用一般过去时;save“挽救”,结合句意,他跳进河里的目的是救那个孩子,因此用动词不定式作目的状语,故填jumped;into;to;save。 73. kept on working 【解析】keep on doing sth“继续做某事”,work“工作”,此处叙述发生过的事,谓语用一般过去时,故填kept;on;working。 74. got/turned dark came 【解析】根据中英文提示可知,句子为一般过去时,主句与从句时态应保持一致,got/turned dark“变黑”,动词短语,作主句的谓语,came“来临,到来”,动词,作从句的谓语。故填got/turned;dark;came。 75. went to park with my family 【解析】去公园:go to the park;句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式;和:with;我的家人:my family。故填went;to;park;with;my;family。 76. got hurt training to become 【解析】get hurt“受伤”,动词短语,句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式got;begin doing sth.“开始做某事”,动词短语;train sb. to do sth.“训练某人做某事”,动词短语;become“成为”,动词。故填got;hurt;training;to;become。 77. used to go outside 【解析】根据中英文对照可知,过去常常做:used to do;外出:go outside,动词短语。故填used;to;go;outside。 78. worked hard 【解析】根据中英文对比可知,空格处应填入意为“努力工作”的短语。work hard为固定搭配,意为“努力工作”,且根据并列谓语“got”提示,动词work应用过去式。故填worked;hard。 79. arrived at set/put up 【解析】对照中英文可知,前两空缺少“到达”,后两空缺少“搭建”;arrive at意为“到达”,set up/put up意为“搭建”,本句描述的是过去发生的事件,时态为一般过去时,两处动词都应该用过去式。故填arrived;at;set/put;up。 80. love camping had an unforgettable trip to 【解析】love doing sth.“喜欢做某事”;camp“露营”,动词。第一句为一般现在时,主语family“家人”,复数,谓语动词用原形。have an unforgettable trip to“在……有一段难忘的旅程”。根据“Last weekend”可知,第二句为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式had。故填love;camping;had;an;unforgettable;trip;to。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(人教版2024) Unit 1 Happy Holiday语法知识 必备知识清单 单元语法知识 (不定代词/一般过去时) 一、不定代词及其用法 1.构成 不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词 。它可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。 常见的不定代词有: some(something,somebody,someone)、any(anything,anybody,anyone)、no(nothing,nobody,no one)、every(everything,everybody,everyone)、all、each、both、much、many、(a) little、(a) few、other (s)、another、none、one、either、neither 等。 复合不定代词:由 some,any,no,every 分别与 body,one,thing 构成的合成代词,如 somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody;someone,anyone,everyone,no one;something,anything,everything,nothing。 2.用法: (1)基本用法 作主语:复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:Something is wrong with my bike.(我的自行车出毛病了。);Everyone has his own dream.(每个人都有自己的梦想。) 作宾语:I know nothing about this plan.(关于这个计划我一无所知。);Can you help me find someone who can speak English?(你能帮我找一个会说英语的人吗?) 作表语:My problem is something difficult to solve.(我的问题是有些难以解决的事情。) 定语后置:当有形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词要放在它们后面。比如:I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事情要告诉你。);There is nothing new in today's newspaper.(今天的报纸上没有什么新鲜事。) (2)some 系列与 any 系列的区别 一般情况:some(something,somebody,someone)常用于肯定句;any(anything,anybody,anyone)常用于否定句和疑问句。 例如:There are some books on the desk.(桌子上有一些书。) Is there anything in the box?(盒子里有东西吗?) He doesn't know anyone here.(他在这里不认识任何人。) 特殊情况:在表示请求、建议,希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中,要用 some(something,somebody,someone)。 例如:Would you like some coffee?(你想要一些咖啡吗?) Could you give me something to eat?(你能给我一些吃的吗?) May I ask you some questions?(我可以问你一些问题吗?) any(anything,anybody,anyone)有时也用于肯定句中,表示 “任何的、任何东西、任何人”。 例如:You can come at any time.(你可以在任何时间来。) You can choose any one of these gifts.(你可以从这些礼物中选择任何一个。) (3)其他不定代词用法 all:表示 “全体,所有(指三者或三者以上)”。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语,可代表或修饰可数名词和不可数名词。例如: All of the students passed the exam.(所有的学生都通过了考试。)(作主语,代表可数名词复数) All the food has been eaten.(所有的食物都被吃光了。)(作定语,修饰不可数名词。) both:表示 “两者都”。和 all 一样,可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语 。例如: Both of them are good at math.(他们两个都擅长数学。) We invited both to the party.(我们邀请了他们两人来参加派对。) none:表示 “无人或无”,其含义与 all 相反,用法相当于名词,在句中一般作主语或宾语。代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数皆可。例如: None of the water is clean.(这些水没有一点是干净的。)(作主语,代替不可数名词) None of the books are/is interesting.(这些书没有一本是有趣的。)(作主语,代替可数名词) either:表示 “两者之中的任何一个,这个或那个”。可在句中作主语、宾语和定语。例如: Either of them can go.(他们两人中任何一个都可以去。) You can choose either book.(你可以选择两本书中的任何一本。)作定语。 neither:是 either 的否定形式,表示 “两者都不”。可作主语、宾语和定语。例如: Neither of them likes playing basketball.(他们两人都不喜欢打篮球。) I like neither of the two movies.(这两部电影我都不喜欢。) each:表示 “每个,各自的”,强调每一个人或事物的个别情况,在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。例如: Each student has a new book.(每个学生都有一本新书。) She gave each of us a gift.(她给了我们每个人一份礼物。) every:表示 “每个,每一的,一切的”,有 “全体” 的意思,与 all 意义相近,但只能作定语。例如: Every student in our class likes English.(我们班每个学生都喜欢英语。) 二、一般过去时的用法 一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。 1.构成形式 (1)be 动词的一般过去时:主语 + was/were + 其他。was 用于第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数(he,she,it 等);were 用于第二人称单数(you)和各人称复数(we,you,they 等)。例如: I was at home yesterday.(我昨天在家。) They were happy last weekend.(他们上周末很开心。) (2)实义动词的一般过去时:主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他。动词过去式的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化 。 规则变化:一般在动词原形后加 -ed,如 work - worked,look - looked;以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,加 -d,如 live - lived;以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词,变 y 为 i 再加 -ed,如 study - studied;以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写这个辅音字母再加 -ed,如 stop - stopped 。 不规则变化:需要特殊记忆,如 go - went,do - did,have - had,come - came,see - saw 等 。例如: He played basketball yesterday afternoon.(他昨天下午打篮球了。) She had breakfast at 7:00 this morning.(她今天早上 7 点吃的早餐。) 2.基本用法 (1)表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态:常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、in 1990(在 1990 年)、two days ago(两天前)、the other day(不久前某一天)等。例如: I visited my grandparents last Sunday.(我上周日看望了我的祖父母。) He bought a new bike two days ago.(他两天前买了一辆新自行车。) (2)表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作:常与 always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、never(从不)等频率副词连用。例如: He often went to school by bike last year.(去年他经常骑自行车去上学。) When I was a child, I always played football after school.(当我是个孩子的时候,我总是放学后踢足球。) (3)表示过去连续发生的一系列动作:动作按照发生的先后顺序依次用过去式表示 。例如: He got up, washed his face, brushed his teeth, and then had breakfast.(他起床,洗脸,刷牙,然后吃早饭。) (4)在间接引语中,由于时态呼应的关系,要用一般过去时表示现在的情况:当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。例如: He said he was busy.(他说他很忙。) She told me she liked the movie.(她告诉我她喜欢这部电影。) (5)用于虚拟语气中:在 if 引导的非真实条件句中,表示与现在事实相反的假设时,从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词用 were),主句用 would/could/might + 动词原形。例如: If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。) If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)(这里虽然说的是对将来情况的假设,但从句用一般过去时) (6)追述逝去的人或事:例如:The famous writer died last year. He wrote many great novels.(这位著名作家去年去世了。他写了许多伟大的小说。) 3.一般过去时的否定句和疑问句 (1)否定句 be 动词的一般过去时:直接在 was/were 后加 not,was not 可缩写为 wasn't,were not 可缩写为 weren't。例如: I was not (wasn't) at school yesterday.(我昨天不在学校。) They were not (weren't) happy last night.(他们昨晚不开心。) 实义动词的一般过去时:要借助助动词 didn't(did not 的缩写),后面的动词用原形。例如: He didn't play football last weekend.(他上周末没有踢足球。) She didn't go to the park yesterday.(她昨天没有去公园。) (2)疑问句 be 动词的一般过去时:把 was/were 提到主语前面,首字母大写,句末用问号。例如: Were you at home last night?(你昨晚在家吗?) Was he late for school this morning?(他今天早上上学迟到了吗?) 实义动词的一般过去时:借助助动词 did 放在句首,首字母大写,后面的动词用原形。例如: Did she go to the cinema yesterday?(她昨天去看电影了吗?) Did they have a good time at the party?(他们在派对上玩得开心吗?) 核心知识回顾 1.other(s),the other,the others,another (1)other:表示 “其他的,另外的”,相当于名词或形容词,可在句中作主语、宾语、定语等 。相当于名词时,有复数形式 others,还有所有格形式 other's 和 others'。例如: The other students in my class went to the park.(我班上其他的学生去了公园。) Some students like reading, others like playing games.(一些学生喜欢阅读,另一些学生喜欢玩游戏。) (2)the other:表示 “另一个”,指两者或两部分之中的另一个(除掉已经提到的一个,特指剩下的那一个),常与 one...,the other... 搭配,意为 “一个……,另一个……”。例如: I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.(我有两支钢笔。一支是红色的,另一支是蓝色的。) (3)the others:表示在一个范围内的其他全部 。例如: There are 40 students in our class. Ten of them are boys, and the others are girls.(我们班有 40 个学生。其中 10 个是男孩,其余的是女孩。) (4)another:表示 “另一个,又一个”,指三者或三者以上不定数目中的另一个人或物 ,只能代替或修饰可数的单数名词,前面不再用冠词。例如: I don't like this shirt. Please show me another.(我不喜欢这件衬衫。请给我拿另一件看看。) Would you like another cup of tea?(你想再来一杯茶吗?) 2.few,a few,little,a little (1)few,a few:修饰可数名词复数。few 表示 “很少,几乎没有”,具有否定意义;a few 表示 “有一些,有几个”,具有肯定意义 。例如: There are few apples in the fridge. We need to buy some.(冰箱里几乎没有苹果了。我们需要买一些。) I have a few friends in this city.(我在这个城市有几个朋友。) (2)little,a little:修饰不可数名词。little 表示 “很少,几乎没有”,具有否定意义;a little 表示 “有一些,有一点儿”,具有肯定意义。例如: There is little milk in the bottle. We can't make coffee.(瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。我们没法冲咖啡了。) There is a little water in the glass. You can drink it.(杯子里有一点儿水。你可以喝。) 综合实战演练 一、单项选择 1.—What do you enjoy doing in your free time? —Drawing. ________ is more exciting to see my ideas come to life as I draw. A.Nothing B.Something C.Anything D.Everything 2.Please listen to the teacher carefully. She has _______ to tell us. A.important something B.important anything C.something important D.anything important 3.—Miss Zhao, could you please tell me how I can improve (提升) myself? —One of the best ways is to play against ________ who is stronger. A.someone B.anything C.everyone D.no one 4.We should spend our pocket money wisely and use it to do _______. A.something meaningful B.meaningful something C.anything meaningful D.meaningful anything 5.—Is your sister ill? —Don’t worry. It’s _______, only a little cold. A.serious anything B.nothing serious C.serious nothing D.anything serious 6.—Is there ________ in today’s newspaper? —No. I think everything in it ________ boring. A.interesting anything; are B.something interesting; are C.interesting something; is D.anything interesting; is 7.I don’t want to be ________ else. I just want to be ___________. A.anybody; myself B.somebody; myself C.everybody; me D.anyone; us 8.—Wow, so cool! Who taught you to play football? —________. I learned by ________. A.Somebody; me B.Nobody; myself C.Nobody; me D.Somebody; myself 9.—I’m sorry, Mom. I only got an “A-” in the English exam. —Don’t lose your heart. You know, ________ can always win the first place. Come on, Jack! A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody 10.—OK. A hamburger, two apple pies and a mashed potato. Something to drink, sir? —________ but coke, please. Coke is too sweet for me. A.Something B.Anything C.Everything D.Nothing 11.Smoke signals ________ messages by ancient Chinese soldiers. A.used to send B.were used to send C.were used to sending D.used to sending 12.The teacher ________ to the students about the activity yesterday. A.talks B.talked C.talking D.to talk 13.—Where did you go last Sunday? —I ________ to the community center with my friends. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 14.Yesterday I _________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time! A.will play B.play C.played D.plays 15.The 16-year-old boy ________ Greece last month. A.goes to B.went to C.is going to D.go to 16.—I have a ticket for the basketball game tonight. —Cool! How________ you________ it? A.had; got B.did; get C.will; get D.were; getting 17.—The movie is really boring. —I agree. I________ it for half an hour but I couldn’t stand it. A.watched B.have watched C.was watching D.had watched 18.I ________ to review for the test today so I ________ a bad grade. A.forget; get B.forgot; got C.forget; got D.forgot; get 19.—What did you do last weekend?   —I ________ my grandparents. A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.will visit 20.—_________ your father interested in football? —No. But he really _________ it many years ago. A.Is; likes B.Was; likes C.Is; liked D.Was; liked 21.—Hello, Mum. Are you still in Stone Forest? —No. We’re back home. We ________ a good time. A.have B.had C.are having D.will have 22.—Look at the sign. You can’t park your car around here. —Oh, I’m sorry. I _________ that. A.don’t see B.won’t see C.didn’t see D.am not seeing 23.My first teacher was Mr. Tian and he ________ very strict but nice. A.was B.is C.are D.were 24.—You can’ t take photos here. The sign (标志) says “No Photos” — Sorry. I ________ see it. A.don’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.won’t 25.—________ Alice ________ the garden finally? —No. She ________ small but she had no key. A.Did; enter; became B.Did; entered; become C.Was; go; did D.Was; went; didn’t 26.—________ you tired after running yesterday? —No. I ________ feel tired at all. A.Did; didn’t B.Were; wasn’t C.Were; didn’t D.Did; wasn’t 27.—I have to leave right now. —What a pity! I_________ you could stay a little longer with us. A.think B.thought C.will think D.am thinking 28.Three years ago, she ________ believe that happiness was just simple and easy. A.doesn’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t 29.—I ________ a letter to you last week. ________ you ________ it? —No, not yet. A.posted; Have; received B.have posted; Did; receive C.have posted; Have; received D.posted; Do; receive 30.—What did you do last night? —I ________ my room. A.clean B.cleaned C.will clean D.am cleaning 二、单词拼写 31.They (have) a good time last weekend. 32.The girl (be) ill yesterday. 33.Shenyang Imperial Palace (receive) more than 4 million visitors in 2023. 34.—You look very tired! —Yes, I (sleep) only five hours last night. I (watch) the closing ceremony of the Paris Olympic Games. 35.She (gain) confidence little by little after the teacher encouraged her. 36.The teacher explained it to me again, and then I (understand) it. 37.The boy (make) a form and asked others to fill in it. 38.David (try) many ways to make the kite fly. He succeeded in the end. 39.They (not help) Uncle Li last Sunday. 40.After losing the way, we (follow) a small river back. 41.They (hold) hands when they walked in the dark. 42.We (not see) any stars because the sky was cloudy. 43.Tom bought a watch and (send) it to Jenny. 44.Last month, my cousin (pick) up plastic bottles in the river. 45.The rain (start) (sudden). 46.Why are you late? Is there (something) wrong? 47.I don’t feel well and don’t want to eat (something). 48.I don’t think (someone) can solve (解决) this problem easily. 49.Tom felt a little afraid because he didn’t know (someone) in his new school. 50.Is there (someone) giving a (help) hand in cleaning up the park? 三、完成句子 51.每一次你都会学到一些新的东西。 Each time you will learn . 52.但他认为一切皆有可能,只要你尽自己最大的努力。 But he thought as long as you try your best. 53.凯文昨天遇见什么有趣的人了吗? Did Kevin meet yesterday? 54.不是每一个人都喜欢这部电影。 likes the movie. 55.你在乡村发现了什么有趣的事情吗? Do you find in the countryside? 56.你有没有买什么特别的东西? Did you buy ? 57.并且因为糟糕的天气,底下的东西我们什么都看不到。 And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see . 58.人们将不用钞票。一切都将是免费的。 People won’t use money. free. 59.今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的事情。 There is in today’s newspaper. 60.糟糕的事情发生了。 Something . 61.昨天,琳达拒绝了我的邀请。 Yesterday Linda my invitation. 62.许多学校制定了计划确保学生的安全。 Many schools to make sure of students’ safety. 63.睡了一个好觉后,李华精力充沛。 After a good sleep, Li Hua energy. 64.去年我去伦敦参加了一个教育交流项目。 I an educational exchange program in London last year. 65.当我到他家时,他正忙于做作业。 He his homework when I got to his home. 66.他在这所大学主修工程学,之后又到国外深造。 He engineering at this university and later his study abroad. 67.因为他从不放弃,所以最后他的梦想成真了。 His dream at last because he never . 68.我过去常常熬夜看电视,不过我如今再也不这么做了。 I stay up late to watch TV, but I don’t do it any more now. 69.我们不得不用手洗所有的衣服,这花了我们很多时间。 We wash all our clothes , and this us a lot of time. 70.他花了4年时间攻读工程学并且授予了博士学位。 He 4 years engineering and a doctoral degree. 71.我过去常常在晴朗的夜晚和妈妈一起出去看天空 I go outside with my mum and look at the sky 72.这位年轻人不假思索地跳进河里去救那个孩子。 The young man the river the child without thinking again. 73.他继续工作到深夜为了完成有关白洋淀的项目。 He late into the night to finish the project about Baiyang Lake. 74.暴风雨来临时天突然变黑了。 The sky suddenly when the storm . 75.我昨天和我的家人去了公园。 I the yesterday. 76.受伤后,他开始培训人民像他一样当一个好警察。 After he , he began people good police officers like him. 77.何涛过去常常在周末和他的朋友们外出。 He Tao with his friends on weekends. 78.每个人都努力工作,得到了很好的锻炼。 Everyone and got some good exercise. 79.晚上,我们到达了山顶并搭起了帐篷。 In the evening, we the top of the mountain and the tent. 80.我的家人喜欢露营。上个周末,我们在森林公园有一段难忘的旅程。 My family . Last weekend, we a forest park. ( 1 / 1 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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02.Unit 1 Happy Holiday(语法知识)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(人教版2024)
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02.Unit 1 Happy Holiday(语法知识)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(人教版2024)
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02.Unit 1 Happy Holiday(语法知识)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(人教版2024)
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