精品解析：2025届宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市平罗中学高三下学期三模英语试题

平罗中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高三年级第三次模拟考试 英语试卷 满分：150分 考试时长：120 分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the man want to know about his mother? A Whether she can travel by air. B. If she has any heart problem. C. When she will return home. 2. How will the man go to the conference center? A. By bicycle. B. On foot. C. By car. 3. What does the man mean? A. He once heard Charlotte speak English. B. He used to meet Charlotte at an English meeting. C. He used to do sports activities with Charlotte. 4. What does the man think of the weather app? A. It's inconvenient. B. It's undependable. C. It's accurate. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a street. B. In a police office. C. In a hospital. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why can't the man use his own phone? A. It has run out of battery. B. He has lost it somewhere. C. There's a problem with the screen. 7. How does the app help the woman sleep? A. It plays relaxing music. B. It blocks out the blue screen light. C. It prevents Internet use in the evening. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What else does the Society do besides exploring caves? A. Clean up caves. B. Teach people about rocks. C.Rescue people trapped in mountains. 9. Why doesn't the woman like cave-exploring? A. She finds it's too tiring. B. She thinks it's too easy. C. She dislikes the environment in caves. 10. What does the man invite the woman to do? A. Attend a meeting. B. Join in a party. C. Do some cleaning. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Host and housekeeper. C. Parent and babysitter. 12. What does the man expect the woman to do? A. Make herself feel at ease. B. Put on a performance. C. Help Rick with his homework. 13. What should the woman avoid doing? A. Using the dishwasher. B. Leaving the children alone. C. Giving cookies to the children. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where does Mark usually read news now? A. In a newspaper. B. In a magazine. C. On the Internet. 15 What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A. It has a small glass window. B. It can make a pizza in a short time. C. It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 16. What does the woman think of the machine? A It might not be popular. B It is quite necessary. C. It will certainly succeed. 17. What is an advantage of the machine? A. The 24-hour service. B. Tasty pizza made by it. C. The low production cost. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What do we know about Kantamanto? A. It's the capital of Ghana. B. It's a secondhand market. C. It's the biggest city in the world. 19. How many donated clothes go to waste every week in Kantamanto? A. About 8 million. B. About 20 million. C. About 40 million. 20. What is the effect of clothing waste on fishing in Accra? A. Fish often mistake parts of old clothes for food. B. Sea birds often get caught in the old clothes. C. Fishing net s often catch old clothes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In order to help international students improve Chinese proficiency (水平) and better understand Chinese culture, our college is launching the 2025-2026 non-degree Chinese course program. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Target group: non-Chinese citizens with up-to-date ordinary passports, having studied the language in China for up to 2 years Age: 18-55 APPLICATION DOCUMENTS Highest education qualification, original or certified, in Chinese or English A profile (personal information, educational experiences, etc.) in Chinese Passport copy (valid for more than 6 months) All visa copy Colour photo without a hat, same size as the one on the passport Official Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK) Report if available OFFLINE CURRICULUM Program duration ·Long term: one semester (学期) or one academic year (two semesters) ·Short term: 3 months Course type ·General courses include different language levels, from elementary to advanced. ·Characteristic courses are categorized into intensive Chinese and business Chinese. REGISTRATION DEADLINE Fall semester: August 15th, 2025 Spring semester: January 15th, 2026 FEES Applicants are required to pay: Registration: 420 yuan Insurance: 400 yuan/semester Tuition: General courses Characteristic courses Three months RMB 7,500 One semester RMB 8,900 Three months RMB 13,800 One semester RMB 16,500 1. What is the purpose of the program? A. To provide HSK training. B. To support pre-college studies. C. To offer Chinese degree courses. D. To develop Chinese language capability. 2. What must an applicant submit? A. College education qualifications. B. A self-introduction in Chinese. C. Original passport. D. A copy of HSK Report. 3. What is the total cost of a one-semester general course? A. RMB 8,900. B. RMB9,720. C. RMB 14,620. D. RMB 17,320. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了学院2025-2026非学位中文课程项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In order to help international students improve Chinese proficiency (水平) and better understand Chinese culture, our college is launching the 2025-2026 non degree Chinese course program.(为了帮助国际学生提高中文水平并更好地了解中国文化，我们学院正在推出2025-2026非学位中文课程项目)”可知，该项目的目的是培养学生的中文能力。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据APPLICATION DOCUMENTS部分中“A profile (personal information, educational experiences, etc.) in Chinese(一份中文的个人简介(个人信息、教育经历等))”可知，申请者必须提交一份中文的个人简介，也就是中文的自我介绍。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据FEES部分中“Registration: 420 yuan；Insurance: 400 yuan/semester (注册费：420元；保险费：每学期400元)”和Tuition表格中“General courses One semester RMB 8,900 (学费：普通课程一学期8900元)”可知，一学期普通课程的总费用为420+400+8900= 9720元。故选B项。 B As an artist working at Cambridge University Botanic Garden, I am leading a special 14-month project called DYE. My mission is to discover plant-based dyes (染料) and share them with visitors, researchers and artists through events, performances, a colour database and projects linked to the Garden’s plant collections. There are some 8,000 plant species in the Garden. Guided by medieval recipes, I experiment with berries, flowers, and bark (树皮) to uncover colours hidden in nature. For example, I’ve transformed roses into vivid red dyes and turned Jade Vine into pink paint. One of my proudest achievements is creating “Newton’s Gold” — a golden-yellow ink made from the bark of Isaac Newton’s historic apple tree. I thought I’d end up with black but it’s a dark golden yellow — unlike modern methods that chemically force predictable results. These discoveries remind me that nature holds endless surprises, but they demand patience and respect. My work isn’t just about mixing colours — it’s about storytelling. Collaborations with historians and dancers connect my dyes to broader themes. I dyed feathers for historians to study ancient costumes and created fabrics reflecting nature’s cycles for a dance performance. By reviving forgotten techniques, such as a 15th-century ink recipe, I bridge the past and present, showing how ancient methods can inspire sustainable solutions to today’s environmental issues. Nature’s colours are ever-changing. The fading of dyes reveals the temporary beauty of natural materials, just as ecosystems’ delicate balance which demands protection. In the Botanic Garden, colours from plants and everyday materials teach me to accept change. These colours aren’t just art supplies; they symbolize nature’s strength and remind us to rethink our relationship with the environment. Through workshops and a colour database, I invite people to view nature differently. My work is a return to the old ways of making colour from my garden herbs, establishing a deeper connection between art and nature. 4. What does the author do on the DYE project? A. Organize and guide garden tours. B. Collect and classify plant species. C. Design and run a database of artworks. D. Develop and spread plant-based dyes. 5. Why is “Newton’s Gold” ink significant? A. It honors Newton’s great contributions. B. It shows nature’s unpredictable potentials. C. It links apple trees to scientific inspirations. D. It exposes limitations of modern ink production. 6. What does the underlined word “reviving” mean in paragraph 3? A. Bringing back. B. Putting away. C. Searching for. D. Reflecting on. 7. What is the ultimate goal of the DYE project? A. To improve natural dye stability. B. To protect nature’s ecological balance. C. To strengthen sustainable art-nature bonds. D. To bridge nature and art through gardening. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述作者在剑桥大学植物园开展DYE项目，探索和传播植物染料。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“My mission is to discover plant-based dyes (染料) and share them with visitors, researchers and artists through events, performances, a colour database and projects linked to the Garden’s plant collections. (我的任务是发现植物染料，并通过活动、表演、一个颜色数据库以及与植物园植物收藏相关的项目，与游客、研究人员和艺术家分享这些染料。)”可知，作者在DYE项目中开发并传播基于植物的染料。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One of my proudest achievements is creating “Newton’s Gold” — a golden-yellow ink made from the bark of Isaac Newton’s historic apple tree. I thought I’d end up with black but it’s a dark golden yellow — unlike modern methods that chemically force predictable results. These discoveries remind me that nature holds endless surprises, but they demand patience and respect. (我最引以为豪的成就之一是创造了“牛顿金”——一种由艾萨克・牛顿那棵具有历史意义的苹果树的树皮制成的金黄色墨水。我原以为最后会得到黑色，但它却是深金黄色——这与现代方法不同，现代方法通过化学手段强制得出可预测的结果。这些发现提醒我，大自然蕴藏着无尽的惊喜，但它们需要耐心和尊重。)”可知，“牛顿金”墨水意义重大是因为它展示了大自然不可预测的潜力。故选B。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“By reviving forgotten techniques, such as a 15th-century ink recipe, I bridge the past and present, showing how ancient methods can inspire sustainable solutions to today’s environmental issues. (通过reviving那些被遗忘的技艺，比如一种15世纪的墨水制作配方，我架起了连接过去与现在的桥梁，展示了古老的方法是如何能够为当今的环境问题带来可持续的解决方案的。)”可知，作者通过“恢复”被遗忘的技术，连接过去和现在，所以reviving意思是“恢复，使……重新流行”，与Bringing back意思相近。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Through workshops and a colour database, I invite people to view nature differently. My work is a return to the old ways of making colour from my garden herbs, establishing a deeper connection between art and nature. (通过工作室和一个颜色数据库，我邀请人们以不同的方式看待自然。我的工作是回归到用我花园里的药草制作颜色的古老方式，在艺术和自然之间建立更深刻的联系。)”可推断，DYE项目的最终目标是加强可持续的艺术与自然的联系。故选C。 C On a hot summer afternoon, a child eagerly watched as their grandmother sliced a sun-ripened tomato topped with sugar—a refreshing summer treat. The sandy, sweet-sour juice with melted sugar always made one lick plates clean. Decades later, that same child, now an adult, finds disappointedly supermarket tomatoes firm to the touch, pale in colour, and totally lacking in the rich flavor. Beyond a mere loss in our childhood memory, the shift is a measurable decline rooted in the farming changes and modern needs. The decline in modern tomato flavor results from disturbed sugar-acid balance. Traditional varieties had higher sugar levels balanced with moderate acidity. A recent study by Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS) shows alarming trends: pink tomatoes lost over 26%sugar-acid ratio, while red types dropped 22%, coupled with rising organic acids. This imbalance creates sour-dominated flavors with weakened sweetness. The situation is made worse by the loss of special taste components. These elements work together to create a rich flavor. They can make our brain sense more sweetness even when the sugar level stays the same. However, in modern farming, people have accidentally removed the genes (基因) for these taste components while focusing on higher output and disease resistance. Commercial pressures also play a role. For easier shipping, tomatoes are harvested before they are mature and subjected to cold storage. These practices unintentionally affect how flavor-giving chemicals are released, leaving tomatoes structurally undamaged but flavorless. Hope, however, lies in the gene pool of traditional and wild tomato varieties. A 2019 comprehensive study on genes, analyzing over 700 tomato types, identified 4,873 previously undocumented genes, including rare genetic variations that improve flavors. By reintroducing these “lost” genetic elements through scientific methods, scientists aim to balance marketability and taste quality. The challenge remains complex, yet the solution is clear： to rediscover the flavors in our childhood memory, we must first understand the genetic codes (密码) left behind in the drive for progress. 8. Why does the author mention the tomato experience in paragraph 1? A. To explain the health benefits of fresh tomatoes. B. To show the change in tomato flavor over time. C. To highlight the significance of a family tradition. D. To illustrate the disappearance of a summer delight. 9. What does SAAS’s recent study find? A. Higher sugar levels in modern tomatoes. B. More organic acids in traditional tomatoes. C. The loss of sweet-sour balance in tomatoes. D. Taste difference between pink and red tomatoes. 10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The advantages of gene selections. B. The roles commercial practices play. C. The challenges tomato farming faces. D. The reasons behind less-flavored tomatoes. 11. Which is a potential solution to the core problem discussed in the text? A. Discovering highly productive genes. B. Analyzing different types of tomatoes. C. Introducing disease-resistant elements. D. Using rare genes in wild tomato varieties. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了现代番茄风味下降的原因，包括糖酸平衡被打破、特殊风味成分的丧失，以及现代种植和储存方式对番茄风味的影响。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“On a hot summer afternoon, a child eagerly watched as their grandmother sliced a sun-ripened tomato topped with sugar—a refreshing summer treat. The sandy, sweet-sour juice with melted sugar always made one lick plates clean. Decades later, that same child, now an adult, finds disappointedly supermarket tomatoes firm to the touch, pale in colour, and totally lacking in the rich flavor. Beyond a mere loss in our childhood memory, the shift is a measurable decline rooted in the farming changes and modern needs.(在一个炎热的夏日午后，一个孩子眼巴巴地看着祖母切开一颗在阳光下成熟的西红柿，上面还撒了些糖——这可是夏日里令人神清气爽的美味。那带着沙粒感、酸甜可口且混着融化的糖的汁水，总是让人把盘子舔得干干净净。几十年后，当年的那个孩子如今已长大成人，却失望地发现超市里的西红柿摸起来硬邦邦的，颜色苍白，而且完全没有那种浓郁的味道。这可不只是我们童年记忆的缺失，这种变化背后是源于农业生产的变革和现代需求的可衡量的品质下降。)”可知，第一段先描述了小时候吃的西红柿的美味，接着对比了长大后在超市看到的西红柿，最后指出这种变化。由此可知，作者在第一段提到西红柿的经历是为了展示随着时间推移西红柿味道的变化。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A recent study by Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS) shows alarming trends: pink tomatoes lost over 26%sugar-acid ratio, while red types dropped 22%, coupled with rising organic acids. This imbalance creates sour-dominated flavors with weakened sweetness.(上海农业科学院最近的一项研究显示出了令人担忧的趋势：粉色西红柿的糖酸比下降了超过26%，而红色西红柿的糖酸比下降了22%，同时有机酸含量却在上升。这种失衡导致了以酸味为主、甜味减弱的口感。)”可知，上海农业科学院的研究显示粉色西红柿的糖酸比下降超过26%，红色西红柿下降22%，且有机酸含量上升，这种失衡导致以酸味为主、甜味减弱的口感，即西红柿失去了原本的酸甜平衡。故选C。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“The situation is made worse by the loss of special taste components. These elements work together to create a rich flavor. They can make our brain sense more sweetness even when the sugar level stays the same. However, in modern farming, people have accidentally removed the genes (基因) for these taste components while focusing on higher output and disease resistance. Commercial pressures also play a role. For easier shipping, tomatoes are harvested before they are mature and subjected to cold storage. These practices unintentionally affect how flavor-giving chemicals are released, leaving tomatoes structurally undamaged but flavorless.(特殊风味成分的缺失让情况变得更糟。这些成分共同作用，营造出了丰富的风味。它们甚至能在糖分水平不变的情况下，让我们的大脑感觉到更多的甜味。然而，在现代的农业种植中，人们在追求更高产量和更强抗病性的同时，不经意间去除了决定这些风味成分的基因。商业压力也起到了一定作用。为了便于运输，西红柿在还未成熟时就被采摘下来，然后进行冷藏。这些做法在无意中影响了产生风味的化学物质的释放，使得西红柿虽然在外观结构上没有受损，但却没了味道。)”可知，第三段首句指出特殊风味成分的缺失让情况更糟，接着解释了这些成分对风味的作用以及现代种植中因追求产量和抗病性而无意中去除了相关基因；随后提到商业压力下的采摘和储存方式也影响了西红柿风味化学物质的释放，导致西红柿没味道。所以整段主要是在阐述现代西红柿味道变差的原因。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“A 2019 comprehensive study on genes, analyzing over 700 tomato types, identified 4,873 previously undocumented genes, including rare genetic variations that improve flavors. By reintroducing these “lost” genetic elements through scientific methods, scientists aim to balance marketability and taste quality.(2019年一项关于基因的全面研究，分析了700多种西红柿品种，发现了4873个此前未被记录的基因，其中包括能提升风味的罕见遗传变异。通过科学的方法重新引入这些“失传”的遗传元素，科学家们的目标是在可销售性和口感品质之间找到平衡。)”可知，2019年的基因研究发现了包括能提升风味的罕见遗传变异在内的未记录基因，通过科学方法重新引入这些“失传”的遗传元素，有望平衡西红柿的可销售性和口感质量，即利用野生西红柿品种中的罕见基因是潜在解决方案。故选D。 D New research reveals that “intensive domain-specific training” like mathematics fundamentally reshapes brain activity during complex problem solving, offering insights into the cognitive neuroscience (认知神经科学) of concentration. A study published in Cognitive Neuroscience compared graduate students in math-related fields with peers in non-mathematical fields to investigate how long-term specialized practice influences thinking processes. Participants watched video demonstrations of multi-step mathematical problems while wearing brain-wave-monitoring caps to track brain activity. The study found clear differences: non-math students’ front brain areas (linked to memory and focus) worked harder as they struggled to follow logical steps. In contrast, math-intensive students displayed synchronized (同步的) slow brain waves connecting the frontal and upper-back brain areas, which are responsible for abstract reasoning and spatial processing. These slow brain rhythms, typically observed during deep sleep, appeared to facilitate efficient communication between distant neural networks during intense focus. These findings indicate that repeated exposure to complex problem solving allows math-trained students to automate basic logical steps (e.g. formula application), which saves mental energy for complex analysis. This “neural efficiency” — the brain’s adaptability through training — mirrors patterns in other experts: experienced musicians’ brains show similar slow waves when composing and athletes enter similar “flow states” during competitions. Most importantly, researchers confirm such neural efficiency isn’t inborn but develops through deliberate practice. Students with equal IQs but less math training lacked these distinctive wave patterns. However, those who engaged in repetition and intentional study eventually developed such patterns, becoming more efficient in solving problems. By the same logic, these findings hint at a trade-off that people should keep in mind particularly as artificial intelligence (AI) and other tools offer tempting shortcuts for various forms of problem solving. Dr. Elena Torres, lead researcher of the study, further warns that over-reliance on AI might weaken our brain’s natural problem-solving abilities. “Each time we off-load a problem to a calculator or ask AI to summarize an essay, we are losing an opportunity to improve our own skills and practise deep concentration for ourselves.” Torres urges “a strategic balance — use AI for repetitive labor, thanks to its fast data processing and continuous operation, but reserve complex challenges for deep, tech-free focus.” 12. What was the main purpose of the new research? A. To study how specialized training affects brains. B. To investigate how AI tools influence learning. C. To compare brain activity among math experts. D. To measure IQ levels across different specialists. 13. How did non-math students’ brains differ from those of math students in complex problem solving? A. Their front-top parts worked together. B. They showed random sleep-like waves. C. Their front area worked with extra effort. D. They processed information automatically. 14. What is crucial to developing “neural efficiency” according to the text? A. Long-term focused practice. B. Inborn abstract reasoning talent. C. Random exposure to complex problems. D. Training on memorizing basic logical steps. 15. What do Dr. Elena Torres’ quotes highlight in the last paragraph? A. AI tools limit independent learning opportunities. B. Technology improves efficiency in complex tasks. C. Overusing shortcuts harms cognitive development. D. AI tools reduce motivation for deep concentration. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的研究揭示“特定领域的强化训练”（如数学）如何从根本上重塑大脑在解决复杂问题时的活动，提供了对集中注意力的认知神经科学的见解。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A study published in Cognitive Neuroscience compared graduate students in math-related fields with peers in non-mathematical fields to investigate how long-term specialized practice influences thinking processes.(一项发表在《认知神经科学》杂志上的研究，对数学相关领域的研究生和非数学领域的研究生进行了对比，以探究长期的专业训练是如何影响思维过程的。)”可知，这项发表在《认知神经科学》上的研究，将数学相关领域的研究生和非数学领域的研究生进行对比，是为了探究长期的专业训练是如何影响思维过程的，而思维过程与大脑活动相关，也就是研究专业训练如何影响大脑。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The study found clear differences: non-math students’ front brain areas (linked to memory and focus) worked harder as they struggled to follow logical steps. In contrast, math-intensive students displayed synchronized (同步的) slow brain waves connecting the frontal and upper-back brain areas, which are responsible for abstract reasoning and spatial processing.(研究发现了明显的差异：非数学专业的学生在努力理解逻辑步骤时，他们大脑前部区域（与记忆和注意力相关）更为活跃。相比之下，大量学习数学的学生大脑前部和上后部区域之间出现了同步的慢脑电波，而后两个区域负责抽象推理和空间处理。)”可知，非数学专业学生在努力理解逻辑步骤时，他们大脑前部区域更加努力地工作；而大量学习数学的学生则表现为大脑前部和上后部区域之间出现同步的慢脑电波。故选C。 14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Most importantly, researchers confirm such neural efficiency isn’t inborn but develops through deliberate practice. Students with equal IQs but less math training lacked these distinctive wave patterns. However, those who engaged in repetition and intentional study eventually developed such patterns, becoming more efficient in solving problems.(最重要的是，研究人员证实，这种神经效率并非天生就有，而是通过刻意练习培养出来的。智商相当但数学训练较少的学生缺乏这些独特的脑电波模式。然而，那些进行重复练习和有意学习的人最终会形成这样的模式，在解决问题时也会变得更加高效。)”可知，这种神经效率并非天生的，而是通过进行重复和有意学习最终形成了这种模式，在解决问题时变得更有效率。因此，培养“神经效率”的关键是长期专注的练习。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Dr. Elena Torres, lead researcher of the study, further warns that over-reliance on AI might weaken our brain’s natural problem-solving abilities. “Each time we off-load a problem to a calculator or ask AI to summarize an essay, we are losing an opportunity to improve our own skills and practise deep concentration for ourselves.”(该研究的首席研究员Elena Torres博士进一步警告说，过度依赖人工智能可能会削弱我们大脑天生的问题解决能力。“每次我们把一个问题交给计算器处理，或者让人工智能来总结一篇文章时，我们都失去了一个提升自身技能和锻炼深度专注力的机会。”)”可知，Elena Torres博士警告过度依赖人工智能可能会削弱我们大脑天生的问题解决能力，每次将问题交给计算器或让人工智能总结文章，我们都失去了提升自身技能和锻炼深度专注力的机会，可推知过度使用捷径（如AI）有害认知发展。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever thought that taking short breaks during a walk could actually help you burn more calories? Scientists have discovered that short bursts of activity can burn more energy than continuous exercise. For example, several groups of quick walks or stair climbs for just 10 to 30 seconds use 20% to 60% more energy than walking nonstop for the same distance.____16____Similar to a car using more fuel when starting a journey, our body works harder at the beginning of any movement. This is because it needs to warm up our muscles and get into a rhythm. These short bursts of activity might not last long, but they require a lot of energy. ____17____As someone who sits most of the day, I used to think exercise meant hours at the gym. But when I tried replacing my afternoon coffee breaks with three 90-second stair climbs, something surprising happened.____18____My body adjusted to the activity, and what once felt like a struggle gradually turned into a manageable routine. As this happened, I unexpectedly felt more focused and energized throughout the day. These “exercise snacks” fit well into my busy schedule, proving that working out doesn’t require large blocks of time. ____19____Every stair climb or short walk wakes up the body. Health isn’t built in a day at the gym—it’s made through small, consistent actions. Simply replace one of your usual sitting breaks with just a single minute of walking, and you’ll be amazed at how small actions can reshape your physical vitality.____20____ A. Now I see fitness differently. B. Every step counts, no matter how short it is! C. This finding matches perfectly with my own experience. D. This happens because the body needs extra energy to start moving. E. Actually, short exercise breaks can increase your energy consumption. F. At first, even 20 seconds left me breathless, but over time, it became easier. G. The more time and effort you put into exercise, the more calories you will burn. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家发现短时间的间歇运动比持续运动消耗更多热量，并通过作者自身的经历来证明这一观点，同时倡导人们通过一些小的、持续的行动来塑造健康。 【16题详解】 根据上文“For example, several groups of quick walks or stair climbs for just 10 to 30 seconds use 20% to 60% more energy than walking nonstop for the same distance.(例如，几组仅持续 10 到 30 秒快走或爬楼梯比不间断地走相同距离多消耗 20% 到 60% 的能量)”以及下文“Similar to a car using more fuel when starting a journey, our body works harder at the beginning of any movement. This is because it needs to warm up our muscles and get into a rhythm.(就像汽车在开始行驶时会消耗更多燃料一样，我们的身体在任何运动开始时都需要更努力地工作。这是因为它需要热身我们的肌肉并进入节奏)”可知，设空处是在解释为什么短时间的活动会消耗更多能量。D选项”这是因为身体开始移动需要额外的能量”符合语境，能够承接上文并解释原因。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据下文“As someone who sits most of the day, I used to think exercise meant hours at the gym. But when I tried replacing my afternoon coffee breaks with three 90-second stair climbs, something surprising happened.(作为一个大部分时间都坐着的人，我过去认为锻炼意味着在健身房里待上几个小时。但当我试着用三次 90 秒的爬楼梯来代替下午的咖啡休息时间时，令人惊讶的事情发生了)”可知，作者要讲述自己的经历来验证前面提到的发现，且引起下文作者的经历。C 选项 “这一发现与我自己的经历完美契合”符合语境，起到了引出作者经历的作用。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据下文 “My body adjusted to the activity, and what once felt like a struggle gradually turned into a manageable routine.(我的身体适应了这种活动，曾经感觉很艰难的事情逐渐变成了一种可管理的日常活动)”可知，设空处应该是描述作者一开始进行这种短时间活动时的困难情况。F 选项 “一开始，即使是 20 秒也让我气喘吁吁，但随着时间的推移，这变得更容易了”符合语境，与后文身体适应的描述相呼应。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Every stair climb or short walk wakes up the body. Health isn’t built in a day at the gym—it’s made through small, consistent actions.(每次爬楼梯或短距离散步都会唤醒身体。健康不是在健身房一天就能练就的 —— 它是通过微小而持续的行动实现的)”可知，作者对健身有了新的认识和看法。A 选项 “现在我对健身有不同的看法”符合语境，能够引出后文对健身的新理解。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Simply replace one of your usual sitting breaks with just a single minute of walking, and you’ll be amazed at how small actions can reshape your physical vitality.(只需用一分钟的步行代替你通常的一次坐着休息，你就会惊讶地发现，小小的行动就能重塑你的身体活力)”可推知，设空处是对这种微小行动重要性的进一步强调。B 选项 “每一步都很重要，无论它有多短！”符合语境，能够总结上文强调微小行动的作用。故选B。 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last spring, Clara and I teamed up for a school geology project studying unusual rock formations on Pine Hill. ____21____ with notebooks and basic tools, we set off eagerly, ____22____ that this adventure would teach us more than just about rocks. The first two days went smoothly. We drew stone patterns and recorded colour variations. Clara’s artistic abilities ____23____ well with my systematic data collection skills. However, on Wednesday morning, ____24____ struck. While climbing to our usual observation spot, I tripped, sending our measurement ____25____ rolling down the hillside. My heart sank as we watched our only compass (指南针) disappear into thick bushes. “Without those tools...” I said, frustration choking my voice. “Wait,” Clara interrupted, ____26____ the afternoon shadows stretching across the rocks. “Remember what Mr. Evans taught about using natural markers?” Her eyes lit up with a(n) ____27____. We spent the afternoon ____28____ Clara tracked shadow lengths while I compared rock layers. When shadows proved ____29____, we used fern (蕨类植物) growth patterns as directional guides. Sometimes we argued about methods, but ____30____ our approaches came together like building blocks. By Friday, we’d created a(n) ____31____ mapping system using nature’s clues. Our final presentation surprised everyone. The teachers ____32____ our creative method, but the real reward was discovering how different ideas combined to create ____33____. That evening, Clara showed me her project journal. Beside rock sketches, she’d written: “Stones survive storms through ____34____. So do good teams.” I smiled, realizing our rocky challenge had taught us a valuable lesson: the strongest ____35____ doesn’t lie in mountains, but in teamwork. 21. A. Armed B. Burdened C. Linked D. Rewarded 22. A. proud B. doubtful C. unaware D. worried 23. A. developed B. balanced C. replaced D. competed 24. A. conflict B. disaster C. chance D. inspiration 25. A. ropes B. books C. notes D. tools 26. A. pointing at B. marking down C. running after D. blocking out 27. A. idea B. surprise C. secret D. promise 28. A. reflecting B. experimenting C. planning D. wandering 29. A. helpful B. dangerous C. unreliable D. interesting 30. A. suddenly B. occasionally C. frequently D. gradually 31. A. interactive B. imaginary C. alternative D. advanced 32. A. tested B. improved C. selected D. praised 33. A. connections B. stories C. solutions D. presentations 34. A. luck B. unity C. silence D. speed 35. A. foundation B. argument C. desire D. system 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和克拉拉一起做一个学校地质项目，研究松树山上不寻常的岩层。途中不慎弄丢了唯一的指南针，但是他们通过团队合作利用大自然的线索创建了一个替代地图系统，并得到了老师的赞扬。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们带着笔记本和基本的工具，急切地出发了，却没有意识到这次冒险教给我们的不仅仅是岩石。A. Armed带有；B. Burdened负担；C. Linked连接；D. Rewarded奖励。根据上文“Last spring, Clara and I teamed up for a school geology project studying unusual rock formations on Pine Hill.(去年春天，克拉拉和我合作完成了一个学校地质项目，研究松树山上不寻常的岩层)”以及下文“with notebooks and basic tools”可知，他们要去研究岩石，所以带着笔记本和基本工具出发了。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们带着笔记本和基本的工具，急切地出发了，却没有意识到这次冒险教给我们的不仅仅是岩石。A. proud骄傲的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. unaware未意识到的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“this adventure would teach us more than just about rocks.”可知，此处指他们出发的时候没有意识到冒险教的不仅仅是岩石。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉的艺术才能与我系统的数据收集技能很好地平衡在一起。A. developed发展；B. balanced平衡；C. replaced取代；D. competed比赛。根据上文“The first two days went smoothly. We drew stone patterns and recorded colour variations.(头两天过得很顺利。我们画出石头图案，记录颜色变化)”可知，前两天很顺利，说明克拉拉的艺术才能与作者系统的数据收集技能很好地平衡在一起。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在星期三早上，灾难降临了。A. conflict冲突；B. disaster灾难；C. chance机会；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文“My heart sank as we watched our only compass disappear into thick bushes.(当我们看着唯一的指南针消失在茂密的灌木丛中时，我的心沉了下去)”可知，唯一的指南针丢失了，发生了灾难。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我爬到我们通常的观察点时，我绊了一下，把我们的测量工具滚下了山坡。A. ropes绳子；B. books书籍；C. notes笔记；D. tools工具。根据上文“and basic tools”以及下文“Without those tools”可知，我们的测量工具滚下了山坡。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“等等，”克拉拉打断了我，指了指穿过岩石的午后阴影。A. pointing at指着；B. marking down降价；C. running after追赶；D. blocking out遮挡。根据下文“the afternoon shadows stretching across the rocks”可知，克拉拉指了指穿过岩石的午后阴影。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想到一个主意，眼睛一亮。A. idea主意；B. surprise惊讶；C. secret秘密；D. promise承诺。根据上文“Remember what Mr. Evans taught about using natural markers?(还记得埃文斯先生教过的使用天然标记吗？)”可知，克拉拉提示老师教过的知识，此处指她想到一个主意，眼睛一亮。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们花了一个下午的时间做实验，克拉拉跟踪阴影的长度，而我比较岩层。A. reflecting反思；B. experimenting进行实验；C. planning计划；D. wandering漫步。根据下文“Clara tracked shadow lengths while I compared rock layers”可知，两人花了一下午时间做实验。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当影子被证明不可靠时，我们使用蕨类植物的生长模式作为方向指南。A. helpful有帮助的；B. dangerous危险的；C. unreliable不可靠的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文“we used fern growth patterns as directional guides”可知，使用其他植物作为方向指南，说明影子变得不可靠了。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时我们会争论方法，但渐渐地，我们的方法就像积木一样累积到了一起。A. suddenly突然；B. occasionally偶尔；C. frequently频繁地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文“our approaches came together like building blocks”可知，我们的方法就像积木一样累积到了一起。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到周五，我们已经创建了一个利用自然线索的替代地图系统。A. interactive互动的；B. imaginary想象的；C. alternative可替代的；D. advanced先进的。根据下文“mapping system using nature’s clues”可知，这个地图系统是因为丢失了指南针而开发出的替代系统。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师们赞扬了我们的创造性方法，但真正的奖励是发现不同的想法如何结合起来创造出解决方案。A. tested测试；B. improved改善；C. selected选择；D. praised赞扬。根据下文“our creative method, but the real reward”可知，老师赞扬了他们的创造性方法。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们赞扬了我们的创造性方法，但真正的奖励是发现不同的想法如何结合起来创造出解决方案。A. connections连接；B. stories故事；C. solutions解决方案；D. presentations展示。根据上文“discovering how different ideas combined to create”以及“our approaches came together like building blocks”可知，通过集思广益他们创造出了解决方案，这才是真正的奖励。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在岩石素描旁边，她写道：“石头因团结而经受住风暴。优秀的团队也是如此。”A. luck运气；B. unity团结；C. silence沉默；D. speed速度。根据上文“Stones survive storms through”以及后文“So do good teams.”可知，强调团结的作用，石头因团结而经受住风暴。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，意识到我们的岩石挑战教会了我们一个宝贵的教训：最强大的基础不在于山，而在于团队合作。A. foundation基础；B. argument争论；C. desire渴望；D. system系统。根据下文“doesn’t lie in mountains, but in teamwork”可知，他们之所以能取得成功，是因为有团队合作作基础。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The historic city of Suzhou, about ___36___ hour’s drive from Shanghai, is crisscrossed (纵横交错的) with canals. Old buildings line the banks. A century ago some of these would have been chaguans, or traditional teahouses, ___37___ local s gathered to discuss the news or conduct business. Today a visitor is more likely ___38___ (spot) shops serving a different kind of beverage. Some even look like old chaguans. Between 2010 and 2022 coffee ___39___ (consume) per person in China, according to the International Coffee Organization, ___40___ (rise) fourfold. But the average Chinese person still drinks a small part of the amount of coffee guzzled (狂饮) by the typical American:0.1kg per year ___41___ (compare) with 4.7kg. The early history of coffee in China is fuzzy. A record from Qing dynasty described coffee as a “black liquor, which the foreigners drank after meals, ___42___ (claim) it can help with digestion”. But after China introduced market reforms ___43___ opened up to the world in the 1980s, foreign firms such as Nestlé brought instant coffee to the country, catering ___44___ local tastes. At that time, the biggest coffee drinking groups were white- collar workers, considering coffee’s high price. Today, though, a wider range of the population is drinking coffee thanks to the rise of domestic coffee chains like Luck in selling ____45____ (afford) brews (饮品). 【答案】36. an 37. where 38. to spot 39. consumption 40. rose 41. compared 42. claiming 43. and 44. to##for 45. affordable 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国人当前饮用咖啡的现状。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：历史名城苏州距离上海约一小时车程，运河纵横交错。an hour’s drive泛指“一小时的车程”，注意“hour”发音为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一个世纪以前，其中一些是茶馆，或传统的茶馆，当地人聚集在那里讨论新闻或做生意。句中先行词为chaguans，关系词在非限定性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，游客更有可能看到供应不同种类饮料的商店。be likely to do sth.是固定用法，表示“有可能做某事”。故填to spot。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：根据国际咖啡组织的数据，2010年至2022年间，中国人均咖啡消费量增长了四倍。coffee consumption指“咖啡消费量”，名词在句中作主语。 故填consumption。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：根据国际咖啡组织的数据，2010年至2022年间，中国人均咖啡消费量增长了四倍。根据句中时间状语Between 2010 and 2022 可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填rose。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但中国人的平均咖啡消费量仍然只是美国人的一小部分：每年0.1公斤，而美国人每年4.7公斤。此处拿中国的咖啡饮用量和美国相比较，compare sth. with sth.为固定用法，此处为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填compared。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：清代的一份记录将咖啡描述为“一种黑酒，外国人在饭后喝，声称它可以帮助消化”。此处句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。claim与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填claiming 。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：但在中国于20世纪80年代引入市场改革并向世界开放后，雀巢等外国公司将速溶咖啡带到了中国，以迎合当地人的口味。此处连接两个谓语introduced和opened up，所以用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：但在中国于20世纪80年代引入市场改革并向世界开放后，雀巢等外国公司将速溶咖啡带到了中国，以迎合当地人的口味。cater to/for 表“迎合”。故填to/for。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，如今，由于国内咖啡连锁店的兴起，越来越多的人开始喝咖啡，比如出售价格合理的咖啡。名词brews 前用形容词修饰，affordable 意为“负担得起的”。故填affordable。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是校英文报的编辑，校英文报最近做了一项有关学生使用社交媒体的调查，数据如图所示，请你就此写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 数据描述； 2. 你的看法。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 题目已为你写好。 Students’ Main Purposes of Using Social Media ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Students’ Main Purposes of Using Social Media A recent survey conducted by our school’s English newspaper reveals the primary purposes for which students use social media. According to the data, 40% of students primarily use social media for entertainment, while 30% use it to chat with friends. Additionally, 15% seek news updates, and another 15% access learning resources. In my opinion, while fun and communication are natural uses, the low focus on learning is concerning. Social media offers great educational value if explored more deeply. Teachers and students should work together to use these platforms for sharing knowledge and improving learning. Balancing fun with study can help us grow both academically and socially. It’s time to make better use of what social media truly offers. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文，要求考生根据图表数据描述学生使用社交媒体的主要目的并发表看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 开展：conducted →carried out 主要的：primary →main 此外：additionally→in addition 在我看来：in my opinion →as far as I’m concerned 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Teachers and students should work together to use these platforms for sharing knowledge and improving learning. 拓展句：Teachers and students should work together to use these platforms for sharing knowledge, which in turn improves learning. 【点睛】【高分句型1】40% of students primarily use social media for entertainment, while 30% use it to chat with friends.（运用了while连接并列句表示对比关系） 【高分句型2】Social media offers great educational value if explored more deeply.（运用了if 条件状语从句中的省略结构） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a relatively calm day in the fishing village of Kalk Bay near Cape Town. Tongai Matandirotya was working his shift as a bartender at the Brass Bell Restaurant. The atmosphere was relaxing, with customers chatting and the gentle sound of waves from the nearby Atlantic Ocean providing a pleasant atmosphere. Several people were walking by the window of Brass Bell looking out to the water. Tongai was in the middle of pouring a drink for a customer when suddenly, chaos erupted. The scene changed dramatically. A massive wild wave charged towards the shore, washing away everything in its path. People near the water’s edge were caught completely off-guard and swept into the sea by the wave. Among them were 37-year-old Clair Gardiner and her 8-year-old daughter Arya van Hilten. Clair knew they were being pulled into the water as soon as the wave rushed over them, and she managed to wrap her arms around little Arya. Tongai’s eyes widened in horror at the sight. Without hesitation, he dropped the drink he was pouring, his mind focused only on saving the lives in danger. He rushed outside, tearing off his belt as he ran. The waves were strong, but Tongai’s resolve was stronger. He dived into the water, the coldness of the ocean shocking his body. As he swam towards the struggling pair, the waves threw him about, but he kept going. When he reached them, the violence of the waves, even just a few meters from shore, had pulled Clair and Arya apart. Tongai quickly used his belt to secure Arya and swam back towards the shore with all his strength. Once Arya was safely on the shore, Tongai’s muscles burned with tiredness. Every breath was a struggle, but he knew he couldn’t leave Clair behind. Without a second thought, he turned and swam back into the waves. The sea seemed to fight him even harder but he was determined. 注意： (1) 续写词数应150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With one final burst of strength, he managed to pull Clair to safety. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon an article titled Heroism by the Sea was posted on the website. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version (仅供参考) With one final burst of strength, he managed to pull Clair to safety. Breaths of relief and cries of joy filled the air. Clair and Arya were reunited in a tearful embrace, their joy and relief overflowing. Clair grasped Tongai’s hands tightly, her eyes full of gratitude, unable to find the right words. Tongai, tired as he was, managed a weak smile. Villagers brought warm blankets and helped the three of them to safety. The previously violent sea now touched gently at the shore, as if in respect for the heroism that had just happened. Soon an article titled Heroism by the Sea was posted on the website. It detailed Tongai’s brave actions during the day. The post instantly became very popular, with likes and shares increasing rapidly within moments. Comments flooded in, from local villagers to people from afar. Everyone praised Tongai’s selfless courage, calling him a true hero. Brass Bell also commented, expressing pride in having such an outstanding employee. People from all over came to the Brass Bell, eager to meet the heroic bartender and hear the story straight from the source. Tongai, however, remained humble, insisting he had merely followed his natural reactions in the face of danger. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Tongai Matandirotya如何在一次突如其来的海啸中英勇地救出了被卷入海浪中的母女俩——Clair Gardiner和她的女儿Arya van Hilten的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他最后拼尽全力，终于把Clair拉到了安全地带。”以及第二段首句内容“不久，一篇题为《海边的英雄主义》的文章发布在了网站上。”可知，第一段可描写Tongai拼劲全力救下了Clair。 ②由第二段首句内容“不久，一篇题为《海边的英雄主义》的文章发布在了网站上。”可知，第二段可描写这篇文章让Tongai成为了当地的英雄。 2.续写线索：他终于将Clair拉到了安全地带——人们为他们欢呼——Clair和女儿很感激Tongai的相助——村民们赶紧将他们带到了安全地带——不久，一篇题为《海边的英雄主义》的文章发布在了网站上——文章描述了Tongai的英勇行为——网民们纷纷为Tongai点赞——很多人都来到餐厅，渴望看到这位英雄——Tongai面对这一切非常谦逊，认为自己只是做了自己能做的事情 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓住：grasp/grab/catch ②充满了：(be) full of/(be) filled with ③渴望做：be eager to/long to 情绪类 ①高兴：joy/happiness ②感激：gratitude/thankfulness 【点睛】【高分句型1】The previously violent sea now touched gently at the shore, as if in respect for the heroism that had just happened.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Tongai, however, remained humble, insisting he had merely followed his natural reactions in the face of danger.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 平罗中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高三年级第三次模拟考试 英语试卷 满分：150分 考试时长：120 分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the man want to know about his mother? A Whether she can travel by air. B. If she has any heart problem. C. When she will return home. 2. How will the man go to the conference center? A. By bicycle. B. On foot. C. By car. 3. What does the man mean? A. He once heard Charlotte speak English. B. He used to meet Charlotte at an English meeting. C. He used to do sports activities with Charlotte. 4. What does the man think of the weather app? A. It's inconvenient. B. It's undependable. C. It's accurate. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a street. B. In a police office. C. In a hospital. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why can't the man use his own phone? A. It has run out of battery. B. He has lost it somewhere. C. There's a problem with the screen. 7. How does the app help the woman sleep? A. It plays relaxing music. B. It blocks out the blue screen light. C. It prevents Internet use in the evening. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What else does the Society do besides exploring caves? A. Clean up caves. B. Teach people about rocks. C.Rescue people trapped in mountains. 9. Why doesn't the woman like cave-exploring? A. She finds it's too tiring. B. She thinks it's too easy. C. She dislikes the environment in caves. 10. What does the man invite the woman to do? A Attend a meeting. B. Join in a party. C. Do some cleaning. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Host and housekeeper. C. Parent and babysitter. 12. What does the man expect the woman to do? A. Make herself feel at ease. B. Put on a performance. C. Help Rick with his homework. 13. What should the woman avoid doing? A. Using the dishwasher. B. Leaving the children alone. C. Giving cookies to the children. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Where does Mark usually read news now? A. In a newspaper. B. In a magazine. C. On the Internet. 15. What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A. It has a small glass window. B. It can make a pizza in a short time. C. It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 16. What does the woman think of the machine? A. It might not be popular. B It is quite necessary. C. It will certainly succeed. 17. What is an advantage of the machine? A. The 24-hour service. B. Tasty pizza made by it. C. The low production cost. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What do we know about Kantamanto? A It's the capital of Ghana. B. It's a secondhand market. C. It's the biggest city in the world. 19. How many donated clothes go to waste every week in Kantamanto? A. About 8 million. B. About 20 million. C. About 40 million. 20. What is the effect of clothing waste on fishing in Accra? A. Fish often mistake parts of old clothes for food. B. Sea birds often get caught in the old clothes. C. Fishing net s often catch old clothes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In order to help international students improve Chinese proficiency (水平) and better understand Chinese culture, our college is launching the 2025-2026 non-degree Chinese course program. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Target group: non-Chinese citizens with up-to-date ordinary passports, having studied the language in China for up to 2 years Age: 18-55 APPLICATION DOCUMENTS Highest education qualification, original or certified, in Chinese or English A profile (personal information, educational experiences, etc.) in Chinese Passport copy (valid for more than 6 months) All visa copy Colour photo without a hat, same size as the one on the passport Official Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK) Report if available OFFLINE CURRICULUM Program duration ·Long term: one semester (学期) or one academic year (two semesters) ·Short term: 3 months Course type ·General courses include different language levels, from elementary to advanced. ·Characteristic courses are categorized into intensive Chinese and business Chinese. REGISTRATION DEADLINE Fall semester: August 15th, 2025 Spring semester: January 15th, 2026 FEES Applicants are required to pay: Registration: 420 yuan Insurance: 400 yuan/semester Tuition: General courses Characteristic courses Three months RMB 7,500 One semester RMB 8,900 Three months RMB 13,800 One semester RMB 16,500 1. What is the purpose of the program? A. To provide HSK training. B. To support pre-college studies. C. To offer Chinese degree courses. D. To develop Chinese language capability. 2. What must an applicant submit? A. College education qualifications. B. A self-introduction in Chinese. C. Original passport. D. A copy of HSK Report. 3. What is the total cost of a one-semester general course? A. RMB 8,900. B. RMB9,720. C. RMB 14,620. D. RMB 17,320. B As an artist working at Cambridge University Botanic Garden, I am leading a special 14-month project called DYE. My mission is to discover plant-based dyes (染料) and share them with visitors, researchers and artists through events, performances, a colour database and projects linked to the Garden’s plant collections. There are some 8,000 plant species in the Garden. Guided by medieval recipes, I experiment with berries, flowers, and bark (树皮) to uncover colours hidden in nature. For example, I’ve transformed roses into vivid red dyes and turned Jade Vine into pink paint. One of my proudest achievements is creating “Newton’s Gold” — a golden-yellow ink made from the bark of Isaac Newton’s historic apple tree. I thought I’d end up with black but it’s a dark golden yellow — unlike modern methods that chemically force predictable results. These discoveries remind me that nature holds endless surprises, but they demand patience and respect. My work isn’t just about mixing colours — it’s about storytelling. Collaborations with historians and dancers connect my dyes to broader themes. I dyed feathers for historians to study ancient costumes and created fabrics reflecting nature’s cycles for a dance performance. By reviving forgotten techniques, such as a 15th-century ink recipe, I bridge the past and present, showing how ancient methods can inspire sustainable solutions to today’s environmental issues. Nature’s colours are ever-changing. The fading of dyes reveals the temporary beauty of natural materials, just as ecosystems’ delicate balance which demands protection. In the Botanic Garden, colours from plants and everyday materials teach me to accept change. These colours aren’t just art supplies; they symbolize nature’s strength and remind us to rethink our relationship with the environment. Through workshops and a colour database, I invite people to view nature differently. My work is a return to the old ways of making colour from my garden herbs, establishing a deeper connection between art and nature. 4. What does the author do on the DYE project? A. Organize and guide garden tours. B. Collect and classify plant species. C. Design and run a database of artworks. D. Develop and spread plant-based dyes. 5. Why is “Newton’s Gold” ink significant? A. It honors Newton’s great contributions. B. It shows nature’s unpredictable potentials. C. It links apple trees to scientific inspirations. D. It exposes limitations of modern ink production. 6. What does the underlined word “reviving” mean in paragraph 3? A. Bringing back. B. Putting away. C. Searching for. D. Reflecting on. 7. What is the ultimate goal of the DYE project? A. To improve natural dye stability. B. To protect nature’s ecological balance. C. To strengthen sustainable art-nature bonds. D. To bridge nature and art through gardening. C On a hot summer afternoon, a child eagerly watched as their grandmother sliced a sun-ripened tomato topped with sugar—a refreshing summer treat. The sandy, sweet-sour juice with melted sugar always made one lick plates clean. Decades later, that same child, now an adult, finds disappointedly supermarket tomatoes firm to the touch, pale in colour, and totally lacking in the rich flavor. Beyond a mere loss in our childhood memory, the shift is a measurable decline rooted in the farming changes and modern needs. The decline in modern tomato flavor results from disturbed sugar-acid balance. Traditional varieties had higher sugar levels balanced with moderate acidity. A recent study by Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS) shows alarming trends: pink tomatoes lost over 26%sugar-acid ratio, while red types dropped 22%, coupled with rising organic acids. This imbalance creates sour-dominated flavors with weakened sweetness. The situation is made worse by the loss of special taste components. These elements work together to create a rich flavor. They can make our brain sense more sweetness even when the sugar level stays the same. However, in modern farming, people have accidentally removed the genes (基因) for these taste components while focusing on higher output and disease resistance. Commercial pressures also play a role. For easier shipping, tomatoes are harvested before they are mature and subjected to cold storage. These practices unintentionally affect how flavor-giving chemicals are released, leaving tomatoes structurally undamaged but flavorless. Hope, however, lies in the gene pool of traditional and wild tomato varieties. A 2019 comprehensive study on genes, analyzing over 700 tomato types, identified 4,873 previously undocumented genes, including rare genetic variations that improve flavors. By reintroducing these “lost” genetic elements through scientific methods, scientists aim to balance marketability and taste quality. The challenge remains complex, yet the solution is clear： to rediscover the flavors in our childhood memory, we must first understand the genetic codes (密码) left behind in the drive for progress. 8. Why does the author mention the tomato experience in paragraph 1? A. To explain the health benefits of fresh tomatoes. B. To show the change in tomato flavor over time. C. To highlight the significance of a family tradition. D. To illustrate the disappearance of a summer delight. 9. What does SAAS’s recent study find? A. Higher sugar levels in modern tomatoes. B. More organic acids in traditional tomatoes. C. The loss of sweet-sour balance in tomatoes. D. Taste difference between pink and red tomatoes. 10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The advantages of gene selections. B. The roles commercial practices play. C. The challenges tomato farming faces. D. The reasons behind less-flavored tomatoes. 11. Which is a potential solution to the core problem discussed in the text? A. Discovering highly productive genes. B. Analyzing different types of tomatoes. C. Introducing disease-resistant elements. D. Using rare genes in wild tomato varieties. D New research reveals that “intensive domain-specific training” like mathematics fundamentally reshapes brain activity during complex problem solving, offering insights into the cognitive neuroscience (认知神经科学) of concentration. A study published in Cognitive Neuroscience compared graduate students in math-related fields with peers in non-mathematical fields to investigate how long-term specialized practice influences thinking processes. Participants watched video demonstrations of multi-step mathematical problems while wearing brain-wave-monitoring caps to track brain activity. The study found clear differences: non-math students’ front brain areas (linked to memory and focus) worked harder as they struggled to follow logical steps. In contrast, math-intensive students displayed synchronized (同步的) slow brain waves connecting the frontal and upper-back brain areas, which are responsible for abstract reasoning and spatial processing. These slow brain rhythms, typically observed during deep sleep, appeared to facilitate efficient communication between distant neural networks during intense focus. These findings indicate that repeated exposure to complex problem solving allows math-trained students to automate basic logical steps (e.g. formula application), which saves mental energy for complex analysis. This “neural efficiency” — the brain’s adaptability through training — mirrors patterns in other experts: experienced musicians’ brains show similar slow waves when composing and athletes enter similar “flow states” during competitions. Most importantly, researchers confirm such neural efficiency isn’t inborn but develops through deliberate practice. Students with equal IQs but less math training lacked these distinctive wave patterns. However, those who engaged in repetition and intentional study eventually developed such patterns, becoming more efficient in solving problems. By the same logic, these findings hint at a trade-off that people should keep in mind particularly as artificial intelligence (AI) and other tools offer tempting shortcuts for various forms of problem solving. Dr. Elena Torres, lead researcher of the study, further warns that over-reliance on AI might weaken our brain’s natural problem-solving abilities. “Each time we off-load a problem to a calculator or ask AI to summarize an essay, we are losing an opportunity to improve our own skills and practise deep concentration for ourselves.” Torres urges “a strategic balance — use AI for repetitive labor, thanks to its fast data processing and continuous operation, but reserve complex challenges for deep, tech-free focus.” 12 What was the main purpose of the new research? A. To study how specialized training affects brains. B. To investigate how AI tools influence learning. C. To compare brain activity among math experts. D. To measure IQ levels across different specialists. 13. How did non-math students’ brains differ from those of math students in complex problem solving? A. Their front-top parts worked together. B. They showed random sleep-like waves. C. Their front area worked with extra effort. D. They processed information automatically. 14. What is crucial to developing “neural efficiency” according to the text? A. Long-term focused practice. B. Inborn abstract reasoning talent. C. Random exposure to complex problems. D. Training on memorizing basic logical steps. 15. What do Dr. Elena Torres’ quotes highlight in the last paragraph? A. AI tools limit independent learning opportunities. B. Technology improves efficiency in complex tasks. C. Overusing shortcuts harms cognitive development. D. AI tools reduce motivation for deep concentration. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever thought that taking short breaks during a walk could actually help you burn more calories? Scientists have discovered that short bursts of activity can burn more energy than continuous exercise. For example, several groups of quick walks or stair climbs for just 10 to 30 seconds use 20% to 60% more energy than walking nonstop for the same distance.____16____Similar to a car using more fuel when starting a journey, our body works harder at the beginning of any movement. This is because it needs to warm up our muscles and get into a rhythm. These short bursts of activity might not last long, but they require a lot of energy. ____17____As someone who sits most of the day, I used to think exercise meant hours at the gym. But when I tried replacing my afternoon coffee breaks with three 90-second stair climbs, something surprising happened.____18____My body adjusted to the activity, and what once felt like a struggle gradually turned into a manageable routine. As this happened, I unexpectedly felt more focused and energized throughout the day. These “exercise snacks” fit well into my busy schedule, proving that working out doesn’t require large blocks of time. ____19____Every stair climb or short walk wakes up the body. Health isn’t built in a day at the gym—it’s made through small, consistent actions. Simply replace one of your usual sitting breaks with just a single minute of walking, and you’ll be amazed at how small actions can reshape your physical vitality.____20____ A. Now I see fitness differently. B. Every step counts, no matter how short it is! C. This finding matches perfectly with my own experience. D. This happens because the body needs extra energy to start moving. E. Actually, short exercise breaks can increase your energy consumption. F. At first, even 20 seconds left me breathless, but over time, it became easier. G. The more time and effort you put into exercise, the more calories you will burn. 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last spring, Clara and I teamed up for a school geology project studying unusual rock formations on Pine Hill. ____21____ with notebooks and basic tools, we set off eagerly, ____22____ that this adventure would teach us more than just about rocks. The first two days went smoothly. We drew stone patterns and recorded colour variations. Clara’s artistic abilities ____23____ well with my systematic data collection skills. However, on Wednesday morning, ____24____ struck. While climbing to our usual observation spot, I tripped, sending our measurement ____25____ rolling down the hillside. My heart sank as we watched our only compass (指南针) disappear into thick bushes. “Without those tools...” I said, frustration choking my voice. “Wait,” Clara interrupted, ____26____ the afternoon shadows stretching across the rocks. “Remember what Mr. Evans taught about using natural markers?” Her eyes lit up with a(n) ____27____. We spent the afternoon ____28____ Clara tracked shadow lengths while I compared rock layers. When shadows proved ____29____, we used fern (蕨类植物) growth patterns as directional guides. Sometimes we argued about methods, but ____30____ our approaches came together like building blocks. By Friday, we’d created a(n) ____31____ mapping system using nature’s clues. Our final presentation surprised everyone. The teachers ____32____ our creative method, but the real reward was discovering how different ideas combined to create ____33____. That evening, Clara showed me her project journal. Beside rock sketches, she’d written: “Stones survive storms through ____34____. So do good teams.” I smiled, realizing our rocky challenge had taught us a valuable lesson: the strongest ____35____ doesn’t lie in mountains, but in teamwork. 21. A. Armed B. Burdened C. Linked D. Rewarded 22. A. proud B. doubtful C. unaware D. worried 23. A. developed B. balanced C. replaced D. competed 24. A. conflict B. disaster C. chance D. inspiration 25. A. ropes B. books C. notes D. tools 26. A. pointing at B. marking down C. running after D. blocking out 27. A. idea B. surprise C. secret D. promise 28. A. reflecting B. experimenting C. planning D. wandering 29. A. helpful B. dangerous C. unreliable D. interesting 30. A. suddenly B. occasionally C. frequently D. gradually 31 A. interactive B. imaginary C. alternative D. advanced 32. A. tested B. improved C. selected D. praised 33. A. connections B. stories C. solutions D. presentations 34. A. luck B. unity C. silence D. speed 35. A. foundation B. argument C. desire D. system 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The historic city of Suzhou, about ___36___ hour’s drive from Shanghai, is crisscrossed (纵横交错的) with canals. Old buildings line the banks. A century ago some of these would have been chaguans, or traditional teahouses, ___37___ local s gathered to discuss the news or conduct business. Today a visitor is more likely ___38___ (spot) shops serving a different kind of beverage. Some even look like old chaguans. Between 2010 and 2022 coffee ___39___ (consume) per person in China, according to the International Coffee Organization, ___40___ (rise) fourfold. But the average Chinese person still drinks a small part of the amount of coffee guzzled (狂饮) by the typical American:0.1kg per year ___41___ (compare) with 4.7kg. The early history of coffee in China is fuzzy. A record from Qing dynasty described coffee as a “black liquor, which the foreigners drank after meals, ___42___ (claim) it can help with digestion”. But after China introduced market reforms ___43___ opened up to the world in the 1980s, foreign firms such as Nestlé brought instant coffee to the country, catering ___44___ local tastes. At that time, the biggest coffee drinking groups were white- collar workers, considering coffee’s high price. Today, though, a wider range of the population is drinking coffee thanks to the rise of domestic coffee chains like Luck in selling ____45____ (afford) brews (饮品). 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是校英文报的编辑，校英文报最近做了一项有关学生使用社交媒体的调查，数据如图所示，请你就此写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 数据描述； 2. 你的看法。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 题目已为你写好。 Students’ Main Purposes of Using Social Media ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a relatively calm day in the fishing village of Kalk Bay near Cape Town. Tongai Matandirotya was working his shift as a bartender at the Brass Bell Restaurant. The atmosphere was relaxing, with customers chatting and the gentle sound of waves from the nearby Atlantic Ocean providing a pleasant atmosphere. Several people were walking by the window of Brass Bell looking out to the water. Tongai was in the middle of pouring a drink for a customer when suddenly, chaos erupted. The scene changed dramatically. A massive wild wave charged towards the shore, washing away everything in its path. People near the water’s edge were caught completely off-guard and swept into the sea by the wave. Among them were 37-year-old Clair Gardiner and her 8-year-old daughter Arya van Hilten. Clair knew they were being pulled into the water as soon as the wave rushed over them, and she managed to wrap her arms around little Arya. Tongai’s eyes widened in horror at the sight. Without hesitation, he dropped the drink he was pouring, his mind focused only on saving the lives in danger. He rushed outside, tearing off his belt as he ran. The waves were strong, but Tongai’s resolve was stronger. He dived into the water, the coldness of the ocean shocking his body. As he swam towards the struggling pair, the waves threw him about, but he kept going. When he reached them, the violence of the waves, even just a few meters from shore, had pulled Clair and Arya apart. Tongai quickly used his belt to secure Arya and swam back towards the shore with all his strength. Once Arya was safely on the shore Tongai’s muscles burned with tiredness. Every breath was a struggle, but he knew he couldn’t leave Clair behind. Without a second thought, he turned and swam back into the waves. The sea seemed to fight him even harder but he was determined. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With one final burst of strength, he managed to pull Clair to safety. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon an article titled Heroism by the Sea was posted on the website. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$