专题03 句型(简单句、祈使句、感叹句)和易错点-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(冀教版2024)

2025-05-22
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语冀教版七年级下册
年级 八年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 祈使句,感叹句
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 1.02 MB
发布时间 2025-05-22
更新时间 2025-05-28
作者 小米夏
品牌系列 上好课·暑假轻松学
审核时间 2025-05-22
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价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

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专题03 句型(简单句、祈使句、感叹句)和易错点 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 句型 ( 考点一 简单句 的分类 ) 简单句 简单句只包含一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子。简单句分为以下五种基本句型。 (1)S+V(主语+谓语) The boy is crying.这个男孩正在哭。 He laughed.他笑了。 (2)S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语) He looks tired.他看起来很累。 My mother is a teacher.我的妈妈是一名老师。 (3)S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语) I love apples.我喜欢苹果。 She helps me a lot.她帮了我很多。 (4)S+V+IO+DO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) He sent me a book.他送给我一本书。 He gave me an apple.他给了我一个苹果。 (5)S+V+O+OC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语) The story made us laugh.这个故事让我们笑了。 Lily asks me to help her.Lily请我帮助她。 ( 考点 二 易错警示 ) (1)系动词(也称连系动词)后面须跟表语构成系表结构,来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等。最常见的系动词是be(am、 is、 are、 was、 were)。有些词,如get、 become、turn、 grow、 look、 feel、 smell、taste、 sound等也可以作系动词。 This building is very beautiful.这座建筑非常漂亮。 The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来很美味。 (2)一些及物动词,如give、 pass、 show、 send、 bring、tell、teach、 buy、 lend等后面可以接两个宾语。这两个宾语中一个是指物的直接宾语,另一个是指人的间接宾语。 通常情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常要在间接宾语前加相应的介词,如to或for。 On my birthday, my mother bought me a new bike.在我生日那天,我妈妈给我买了一辆新自行车。 Please show your ID card to me.请向我出示你的身份证。 1.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “This bad news made me disappointed.”? A.SV B.SVO C.SVOC D.SVOO 2.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “Alice gave me a nice present yesterday.”? A.SV. B.SVO. C.SVOC. D.SVOO. 3.Eating fish makes us clever. This sentence pattern is: ________. A.SVOC B.SVA C.SVOO D.SVO 4.The structure of the sentence “My father bought me a new book.” is ________. A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V 5.The sentence structure of “Jim’s father bought him a new watch on his birthday.” is ________. A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+O+O D.S+V+P 6.Which of the following does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to? A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+O+O D.S+V+O+C 7.“Mrs Green teaches us English.” the type of this sentence is SVOO. Which is the same as this one? A.This new idea made me quite happy. B.I find him honest and hopeful. C.My cousin sent me a postcard. D.He is trying a new food. 8.Which is the sentence pattern of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V D.S+V+P 9.The sentence structure of “We call the giant panda Ru Yi.” is ________. A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC 10.What is the sentence structure of “Jim found this film very interesting”? A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC · 思路点拨:1.本题考查专有名词。此句中专有名词China的首字母要大写,且前面不加任何限定词。 1.考查基本句型。SV表示“主语+谓语”;SVO表示“主语+谓语+宾语”;SVOC表示“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”;SVOO表示“主语+谓语+双宾语”。此句中“This bad news”是主语,“made”是谓语,“me”是宾语,“disappointed”是宾补。故选C。 2.考查基本句型。Alice主语;gave谓语;me间接宾语;a nice present直接宾语;yesterday状语。故选D。 3.考查句子结构。Eating fish为主语;makes为谓语;us为宾语;clever为宾语补足语,形容词作宾补。因此本句的结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。故选A。 4.考查句子结构。根据句子可知,此句是带有双宾语的简单句,其中主语:My father;谓语:bought;间接宾语:me;直接宾语:a new book。故选C。 5.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,Jim’s father是主语,bought是谓语,him是间接宾语,a new watch是直接宾语,on his birthday是状语。故选C。 6.考查句子结构。Sad movies是主语,make是谓语,me是宾语,unhappy是形容词作宾语补足语,构成结构为主语+谓语+宾语+补语,故选D。 7.考查句子结构。SVOO结构是主谓宾宾结构,分析句子可知,选项C中的My cousin是主语,sent是谓语,me是间接宾语,a postcard是直接宾语,和此结构一样。故选C。 8.考查英语中的句子成分。A选项为:主语+谓语+宾语;B选项为:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;C选项为:主语+谓语;D选项为:主语+系动词+表语。所给例句中“The cake”作主语,由感官系动词“tastes”作谓语动词,“sweet”为形容词作表语。故本句结构为:主语+系动词+表语。故选D。 9.考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,We是主语;call是谓语;the giant panda是宾语;Ru Yi是宾补。故选D。 10.考查句子结构。S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语;S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;S+V+P主语+谓语+表语;S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补。“Jim found this film very interesting”中,Jim作主语;found“发现”作谓语;this film“这部电影”作宾语;very interesting“很有趣”作宾语补足语。故选D。 · 答案1. C 2. D 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.D 8.D 9.D 10.D 其他句型 ( 考点一 陈述句 ) 1.肯定句:主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。如 I like apples(我喜欢苹果) 。谓语动词的形式会根据主语的人称和数发生变化,当主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it 等)时,一般现在时中谓语动词要加 -s 或 -es ,如 She likes reading.(她喜欢阅读。) 2.否定句:在谓语动词前加否定词。如果谓语动词是 be 动词,直接在 be 动词后加 not , 如 I am not a student(我不是学生); 如果谓语动词是实义动词,要借助助动词 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t ,并将动词还原, 如 He doesn’t like bananas(他不喜欢香蕉) 。这里的 doesn’t 是助动词,用于第三人称单数主语的否定句,后面的 like 要还原成原形。 1.She ______ (go) to school by bus every day. 2.They ______ (have) a good time yesterday.(改为否定句) 1.goes2.didn’t have ( 考点 二 疑问句 ) 1.一般疑问句:以 be 动词、助动词或情态动词开头。回答用 Yes 或 No 。 Is he a teacher?(他是老师吗?)Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.(是的,他是。/ 不,他不是。) Do you have a book?(你有一本书吗?)Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.(是的,我有。/ 不,我没有。) Can you swim?(你会游泳吗?)Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.(是的,我会。/ 不,我不会。)一般疑问句的语调通常是升调。 2.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句。 常见特殊疑问词有 what(什么)、who(谁)、where(哪里)、when(什么时候)、why(为什么)、how(怎样)等。 What do you want?(你想要什么?) Where are you from?(你来自哪里?) 特殊疑问句中,疑问词的选择取决于提问的内容。 1.______ (be) they students? Yes, they ______. 2.______ do you go to school? By bike. 1.Are; are2.How ( 考点 三 改写句子 ) A. 陈述句→否定句/一般疑问句(含三单、过去式) 规则总结: 句型类型 否定句句变化规则 例句(肯定句→否定句) 含be动词 直接在be动词后加not(is→isn’t/are→aren’t) She is happy. → She isn’t happy. 含情态动词 直接在情态动词后加not (can→can’t/must→mustn’t) They can swim. → They can’t swim. 含实义动词 一般现在时:主语三单加doesn’t,动词还原;非三单加don’t一般过去时:加didn’t,动词还原 He plays football. → He doesn’t play. They visited → They didn’t visit. 1. He has a lot of friends. → 否定句:_________________________________________________ 2. They did homework yesterday. → 一般疑问句:________________________________________________ 1. He doesn’t have a lot of friends. (解析:has是实义动词,三单否定用doesn’t have) 2. Did they do homework yesterday? (解析:过去式疑问句用did,原动词did还原为do) B. 对划线部分提问(附疑问词选择技巧) 疑问词速记口诀: • 什么what,谁who,哪里where问地点; • 何时when问时间,为何why问原因; • 如何how问方式,多少how many/much记清楚(many+可数,much+不可数/价格)。 1. There are twelve months in a year. → __________________________________________________ 2. The milk is ten yuan. → __________________________________________________ 3. She goes to school on foot. → __________________________________________________ 1. How many months are there in a year? 2. How much is the milk? 3. How does she go to school? ( 考点 四 祈使句 ) 1.祈使句的功能 祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、号召或劝说、警告等。第二人称主语you通常省略,谓语动词用原形。 2.祈使句的基本结构 类别 肯定句 否定句 Do型 Do(原形)+... Don’t do(原形)+... Read English aloud! Don’t talk in class! Be型 Be+adj. Don’t + be +adj. Be quiet! Don’t be late again! Let 型 Let sb.+do... Let sb.+ not do... Let me help you. Let him not talk in class. No/Never 型 —— No+doing/n.禁止······· Never + do (原形)+...永远不要······ —— No smoking. (= Don’t smoke.) Never give up! 1.    fast to your dreams, for if dreams die, life is like a broken⁃winged bird that can never fly.  A.Hold     B.To hold     C.Held     D.Holding 2.—Cindy,    out the rubbish when you leave. And I’ll do the dishes.  —OK, Dad. A.take     B.takes     C.took     D.to take 3.—Your room is in a terrible mess, Tom.    your books here and there next time.  —OK,    . I’ll put them away in five minutes, Mum.  A.Don’t leave;I won’t     B.Won’t leave;I will C.Don’t leave;I will     D.Won’t leave;I won’t 4.Mr Lee,      (not mix) your life and work together.  5.     (make) sure there are no mistakes in your paper and you can hand it in.  思路点拨:、 1.答案 A 考查祈使句。此处用祈使句表达建议,祈使句以动词原形开头。故选A。 2.答案 A 考查祈使句。此处为祈使句,应以动词原形开头。故选A。 3.答案 A 考查祈使句及其应答语。第一空后虽然有表示将来时间的next time,但这是妈妈向汤姆发出的命令、要求,是祈使句,所以用Don’t+动词原形。排除B、D。肯定祈使句的应答语为I will;否定祈使句的应答语为I won’t。故选A。 4.答案 don’t mix 句意:李先生,不要把你的生活和工作混在一起。此句是否定的祈使句,其构成是“don’t+动词原形+其他成分”,故填don’t mix。 5.答案 Make 考查祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头,make sure“确保”。故填Make。 ( 考点 五 感叹句 ) 类别 结构 例句 what 构成的感叹句 What + a/ an + 形容词+可数名词的单数形式 (+主语+谓语)! What a beautiful girl(she is)! (她是一个)多么漂亮的女孩啊! What+形容词+可数名词的复 数形式(+主语+谓语)! What important jobs (they have done)! (他们做了)多么重要的工作啊! What+形容+不可数名词 (+主语+谓语)! What good news (it is)!(这是)多好的 消息啊! how构成的感叹句 How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)! How delicious (the noodles are)! (面条)多么美味啊! How+形容词+ a/an+可数名词的单数(+主语+谓语)! How useful a subject (it is)! (这是)多么有用的一门学科啊! How+主语+谓语! How time flies! 时间过得真快啊! 1.    clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.  A.What     B.How a C.How     D.What a 2.    great scientist Yuan Longping is! He spent all his life on the research of rice.  A.What     B.What a C.How     D.How a 3.   nice it is to drink a cup of coffee after long hours’ work!  A.What     B.What a     C.How     D.How a 4.—    great surprise to see you here, Daniel!  —Yeah. We haven’t seen each other for quite a long time. A.What a     B.What     C.How a     D.How 5.—    do you admire Yuan Longping for?  —He devoted all his life to the research and development of better rice plants. A.Why     B.What     C.How     D.Where 6.It is really a pleasant time to have a picnic on a warm sunny day.(改为感叹句)       pleasant time it is to have a picnic on a warm sunny day!  7.Dad usually makes bad plans but this time he got it right, finally.        a surprise!  8.I was red in the face.        I wished I could disappear!  9.        thankful I was to my friend John!  · 思路点拨: 1.答案 D 考查感叹句。本句感叹的中心词是girl,应该用what引导感叹句, girl为可数名词单数,clever以辅音音素开头,应该使用不定冠词a,故选D。 2.答案 B 考查感叹句。本句感叹的中心词是scientist,scientist是可数名词,此处应用What a来修饰名词短语great scientist。故选B。 3.答案 C  考查感叹句。本句是感叹句,其中心词为形容词nice,用How引导,故选C。 4.答案 A 考查感叹句。本句为感叹句,其中心词surprise为可数名词单数形式,且great以辅音音素开头,所以用“What+a+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语!”,故选A。 5.答案 B 考查特殊疑问词。“What...for?”是固定结构,表示“为什么……?”。故选B。 6.答案 What a 考查感叹句。time是名词,被形容词修饰时,要加不定冠词a/an,指“一段……的时光”。本句感叹的中心词为time,前面的形容词pleasant以辅音音素开头,所以用What加不定冠词a来填空。设空位于句首,需大写首字母。故填What a。 7.答案 What 此处为感叹句,空后的surprise在这里为名词,表示“意想不到的事情”,应用what开头的感叹句,故填What。 8.答案 How 句意:我脸红了。我多么希望我能消失!此处为How开头的感叹句。故填How。 9.答案 How 句意:我多么感谢我的朋友John啊!根据空后的thankful I was和句尾的叹号可知,该句是“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”的感叹句句式,故填How。 ( 考点 六 There be句型 ) 1.基本结构:表示 “某地有某物 / 某人”,结构为 There be + 名词 + 地点状语 。 There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。)be 动词的单复数形式由离它最近的名词决定,即就近原则。 2.be 动词的确定:be 动词的形式由后面的名词决定,名词是单数或不可数名词时用 is ,是复数名词时用 are 。 There is some water in the glass.(杯子里有一些水) There are some apples on the table.(桌子上有一些苹果) 。 如果有多个名词,be 动词遵循就近原则 , There is a pen and two pencils in the pencil - box.(离 be 动词近的是 a pen ,所以用 is ) 3.There be 句型的一般将来时为:There will be/There is/are going to be+主语(+时间/地点)。 如:Look at the dark cloud! There is going to be heavy rain.看那乌云!快 1. There ______ (be) a book and two pens on the desk. 2. There ______ (be) some water in the glass. 3. ______ (be) there any trees in the park? 4. There ______ (be) a lot of people at the concert last night. 5. There ______ (be) two dogs and a cat in the yard. 6. ______ (be) there a supermarket near here? 7. There ______ (be) a meeting tomorrow. 8. There ______ (be) some flowers in the vase. 9. ______(be) there______ milk in the fridge? 10. There ______ (be) a new school in our town next year. 1. is 2. is 3. Are, any 4. were 5. are 6. Is 7. will be 8. are 9. Is, any 10. will be 1.(23-24七年级上·河北保定·期末)I have a tidy room, but my brother ________. His things are everywhere. A.do B.don’t C.does D.doesn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我有一个整洁的房间,但我哥哥没有。他的东西到处都是。 考查否定句。根据“I have a tidy room, but my brother...”可知,前后句意转折,主语是“my brother”,助动词用doesn’t。故选D。 2.(22-23七年级上·河北唐山·期末)Bill has some baseballs, ________ his brothers ________. A.and; don’t B.but; don’t C.and; doesn’t D.but; doesn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意:比尔有一些棒球,但他的兄弟们没有。 考查并列连词和主谓一致。and和,表示并列、递进和顺承关系;but但是,表示转折关系。结合选项可知,第二个空为否定意义,因此第一个空空前和空后的句意应该是转折关系,应用but;根据第二个空空前的“his brothers”可知,此处应用动词原形的否定形式。故选B。 3.(23-24七年级上·河北廊坊·期末)— ________ Tom ________ watching The Marvels (《惊奇队长2》)? — No, he doesn’t. He thinks it’s boring. A.Do; love B.Do; loves C.Does; love D.Does; loves 【答案】C 【详解】句意:—— 汤姆喜欢看《惊奇队长2》吗?—— 不,他不喜欢。他觉得它很无聊。 考查一般疑问句。分析句子结构可知,本句是一般疑问句,句中含有实义动词love,变为一般疑问句时需要使用助动词,主语Tom是第三人称单数,助动词用单三,助动词后实义动词用原形。故选C。 4.(23-24七年级上·河北廊坊·期末)— ________ do you like history? — Because it’s easy. A.Why B.When C.Who D.What 【答案】A 【详解】句意:—— 你为什么喜欢历史 —— 因为它很简单。 考查特殊疑问句。Why为什么;When何时;Who谁;What什么。根据“Because it’s easy”可知,此处是对原因提问。故选A。 5.(23-24七年级上·河北石家庄·期末)— ________ hamburgers do you want? — Two, please. And ________ are they? — They’re 12 yuan. A.How much; how much B.How many; how many C.How many; how much D.How much; how many 【答案】C 【详解】句意:—— 你想要多少个汉堡?—— 两个。多少钱?—— 12元。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。How many 多少, 后跟可数名词复数;How much多少, 多少钱,后跟不可数名词或价格。第一空提问hamburgers, 是名词复数形式, 用how many;第二空根据答句They’re 12 yuan可知提问价格,用how much。故选C。 6.(22-23七年级下·河北石家庄·期末)—Is there a bookstore near your school, Linda? —________. I often go there to read books after school. A.Yes, it is B.Yes, there is C.No, it isn’t D.No, there isn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——琳达,你们学校附近有书店吗?——是的,有。放学后我经常去那里看书。 考查there be句型的一般疑问句。以Is there开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答:Yes, there is. 否定回答:No, there isn’t. 根据“I often go there to read books after school.”可知学校附近有书店,用肯定回答。故选B。 7.(22-23七年级下·河北秦皇岛·期末)________ shout at your parents. It’s impolite(不礼貌的) of you to do that. A.Don’t B.Can’t C.Mustn’t D.Not 【答案】A 【详解】句意:不要对你父母大喊大叫,你那样做是不礼貌的。 考查祈使句。根据“It’s impolite of you to do that.”可知,那样做是不礼貌的,指的是不要对父母大喊大叫,所以该句是否定祈使句,即“Don’t+动词原形”开头,故选A。 8.(22-23七年级下·河北沧州·期末)________ put your food on the table. The table is not clean. A.Don’t B.Doesn’t C.Mustn’t D.Can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:不要把你的食物放在桌子上。桌子不干净。 考查祈使句的否定形式。此处是祈使句的否定形式:Don’t+动词原形。故选A。 9.(21-22七年级下·河北保定·期末) ________ too much junk food. It is bad for your health. A.Eat B.Eating C.Don’t eat D.Not eat 【答案】C 【详解】句意:不要吃太多垃圾食品。这对你的健康有害。 考查祈使句。Eat吃,动词原形;Eating动名词;Don’t eat不要吃;Not eat一般不单独使用,常位于助动词、系动词之后一起构成否定形式。分析句子成分可知,该句缺少谓语,排除B和D。又因“It is bad for your health.”可知,对健康有害,所以设空处表示“不要吃”,Don’t eat为“祈使句的否定形式”。故选C。 10.(21-22七年级下·河北廊坊·期末)Tony, ________ TV when you are having meals. It’s not a good habit. A.watches B.doesn’t watch C.watch D.don’t watch 【答案】D 【详解】句意:托尼,吃饭的时候不要看电视。那不是一个好的习惯。 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“TV when you are having meals.”结合选项可知,本句是祈使句,其否定形式为don’t+动词原形。故选D。 11.(22-23七年级下·河北承德·期末)________ delicious the chicken is! Who cooked it? A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意:鸡肉真好吃!谁做的? 考查感叹句。感叹句强调的中心词是形容词“delicious”,应用how引导,符合结构“How+adj+主谓”,故选A。 12.(21-22七年级下·河北石家庄·期末)—________ wonderful the music is!       —Yes, it makes me relax after a busy day. A.How a B.What a C.How D.What 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——这音乐多么美妙啊!——是的,它使我在忙碌了一天之后放松下来。 考查感叹句。根据标点符号可知,该句是感叹句,句式结构是How+形容词+主语+谓语!故选C。 13.(21-22七年级下·河北保定·期末)________ useful brush you gave me! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意:你给了我一把多么有用的刷子啊! 考查感叹句。根据中心词“brush”为可数名词单数可知,此处要用感叹句结构What+a/an+形容词+名词+主谓;“useful”是以辅音音素开头的单词,不定冠词用a。故选C。 14.(21-22七年级下·河北邯郸·期末)—I took a photo with the musician Lang Lang yesterday. — ________ lucky you were! A.What B.What a C.How a D.How 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——昨天我和音乐家郎朗拍了一张照片。——你多幸运啊! 考查感叹句。根据句子结构可知,句子为感叹句,中心词为“lucky”“幸运的”,形容词。符合结构:How+形容词+主语+谓语!故选D。 15.(21-22七年级下·河北保定·期末)________ heavy the rain is! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这雨太大了! 考查感叹句。What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!What a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!此处修饰形容词heavy,因此用how,故选B。 16.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)—________ something wrong with my computer. Can I use yours? —No problem. A.It is B.It was C.There is D.There was 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我的电脑出了些问题。我能使用你的吗?——没问题。 考查There be句型。分析句意可知,电脑存在一些问题,英语中的“存在”用there be句型表达。另外,there be句型使用时be动词与主语单复数一致,不定代词something作单数,应用there is。故选C。 17.(24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期中)There ________ rain later in the afternoon. I’m afraid the meeting will be put off. A.will have B.is going to have C.will be D.are going to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意:下午晚些时候将会下雨。我担心会议会被推迟。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。there be句型表示“有”,不与have连用,排除A和B;主语rain为不可数名词,不用are,排除D项;there will be属于there be句型的一般将来时。故选C。 18.(24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)There ________ a new film in the local cinema this weekend. Why not ________ your friends to see it? A.will have; invite B.is going to be; invite C.are going to be; to invite D.will be; to invite 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这个周末当地影院将上映一部新电影。为什么不邀请你的朋友去看呢? 考查there be句型的一般将来时和固定搭配。根据“a new film in the local cinema this weekend”可知,电影还没上映,应用一般将来时,a new film是单数,be动词用is,there be句型的一般将来时为“there will be”或“there is going to be”。why not do sth.为固定搭配,表示“为什么不做某事”,接动词原形。故选B。 19.(24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期中)There ________ a football match between Class 3 and Class 10 the day after tomorrow. A.will be B.is going to have C.will have D.are going to be 【答案】A 【详解】句意:后天三班和十班将会有一场足球比赛。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据下文“a football match between Class 3 and Class 10 the day after tomorrow.”可知,比赛还未开始,故要用一般将来时,a football match是单数,be动词用is。there be句型的一般将来时为there will be或there is going to be。故选A。 真题感知 1.(2024·西藏·中考真题)He ________ have breakfast because he woke up late this morning. A.does B.did C.doesn’t D.didn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意:他没有吃早饭,因为他今天早上起晚了。 考查动词时态。根据“woke”可知,此句是一般过去时,句中有实义动词have,结合“woke up late”可知,起晚了所以没有吃早餐,所以用助动词didn’t。故选D。 2.(2022·西藏·中考真题)I don’t like noodles and my cousin Amy doesn’t like them, ________. A.too B.either C.also D.as well 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我不喜欢面条,我的表妹艾米也不喜欢。 考查副词辨析。too也,用于肯定句句末;either也,用于否定句句末;also也,用于句中;as well也,用于肯定句句末。此处是否定句,故选B。 3.(2024·河北石家庄·三模)—________ is it from the Children’s Palace to Nanjing South Railway Station, Tom? —About 10 minutes’ ride by bus. A.How soon B.How often C.How far D.How much 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——汤姆,从少年宫到南京南站有多远?——乘公共汽车大约10分钟。 考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久以后;How often多久一次;How far多远;How much多少。根据“About 10 minutes’ ride by bus.”可知,询问的是距离,用How far提问。故选C。 4.(2022·河北邢台·二模)—________ do you water the plant?     —Twice a month. A.How far B.How long C.How often D.How soon 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你多久浇一次植物?——一个月两次。 考查特殊疑问句。How far多远;How long多久;How often多久一次;How soon多久。根据答语“Twice a month.”可知,问的是频率。故选C。 5.(2023·河北·中考真题)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the concert. A.so B.or C.and D.but 【答案】B 【详解】句意:快点,否则你会错过音乐会的开场。 考查连词辨析。so所以;or否则;and和;but但是。根据“Hurry up...you will miss”可知要快点,否则就会错过音乐会的开场。故选B。 6.(2024·江苏南通·模拟预测)Growing up is not easy. ________ calm when you’re facing serious problems in life. A.Staying B.To stay C.Stay D.Stays 【答案】C 【详解】句意:长大不容易。当你面临生活中的严重问题时,要保持冷静。 考查祈使句。Staying保持,现在分词或动名词;To stay保持,动词不定式;Stay保持,动词原形;Stays保持,第三人称单数形式。分析句子结构以及选项可知,空处所在句为肯定的祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选C。 7.(2025·上海杨浦·三模)Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A.turn B.turns C.turning D.turned 【答案】A 【详解】句意:本,刷牙的时候关掉水龙头。 考查祈使句。根据“off the tap while brushing your teeth.”可知,该句为祈使句,祈使句通常以动词原形开头。故选A。 8.(2025·江苏南京·一模)“________ deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better.” That is what our Physics teacher often says to us. A.Look B.To look C.Looking D.Looked 【答案】A 【详解】句意:“深入观察自然,然后你会更好地理解一切。” 这是我们的物理老师经常对我们说的话。 考查祈使句。根据“deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better.”可知,此处是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,所以动词用原形。故选A。 9.(2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题)—________ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves! —I’m glad you had a good time. A.What B.How C.How a D.What a 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——我们全家在莫高窟的经历真是太棒了!——我很高兴你玩得开心。 考查感叹句。根据“...wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!”可知,此句应为what引导的感叹句,结构为:what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语,experience在此处表示“经历”,是可数名词,wonderful是以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a修饰。故选D 。 10.(2022·河北邢台·二模)—We will have a two-month holiday after the exam.     —________ exciting news! A.How B.What C.How an D.What an 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——考试后我们将有两个月的假期。——多令人兴奋的消息! 考查感叹句。news是不可数名词,在感叹句中,用what修饰。结构为:What+形容词+不可数名词!故选B。 11.(2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测)Our team won first place in the singing competition. ________ exciting news it is! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们队在歌唱比赛中获得了第一名。多么令人激动的消息啊! 考查感叹句结构。What多么;How多么。感叹句由“What/How”引导,句子结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。news为不可数名词,不能用不定冠词an修饰,故排除B和D;此处强调“多么令人激动的消息”,应使用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。故选A。 12.(2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测)—________ fine weather it is! Let’s go for a picnic. —Good idea. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——今天天气多好啊!咱们去野餐吧。——好主意。 考查感叹句。what和how均可引导感叹句,what引导感叹句时,结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”;how引导感叹句时,结构为“How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”,weather是不可数名词,需用what引导。故选A。 考点1 辨析arrive,get与reach 词汇 词性 用法 arrive v. 后跟介词at或in+地点名词 get v. 后跟介词to+地点名词 reach v. 直接跟地点名词 【注意】(1)arrive at用于到达较小的地方,如车站、学校、邮局、机场等;arrive in用于到达较大的地方,如城市、地区、国家等。 (2) arrive,get,reach后接表示地点的副词here,there,home等时,不加介词。 根据汉语意思完成句子。 那位新老师昨天到的我们学校。 The new teacher arrived __at__ our school yesterday. =The new teacher __got__to__ our school yesterday. =The new teacher __reached__ our school yesterday. 考点2 enjoy的常见用法 (1)enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事;享受做某事的乐趣”; (2)enjoy oneself “玩得开心”;相当于have fun/have a good time,常用于表达祝福; (3)enjoy的形容词是enjoyable,意为“愉快的;快乐的”。 单项选择。 (B)1.Welcome you all to China and enjoy________ here. A.yourself     B.yourselves C.themselves     D.himself 用所给词的适当形式填空。 2.I enjoy reading (read) with my parents at home on weekends. 考点3 辨析discover,invent与create (1)discover意为“发现;找到”,表示发现原本就存在但尚未被人发现或知晓的事物,如地点、物体或事实等,名词形式是discovery。 (2)invent意为“发明;创造”,指通过研究和实验而“创造;发明”出原本不存在的东西,尤指科技上的发明创造。 (3)create指从无到有的“创作”,创作出原本不存在的东西,如艺术作品、理论等。 单项选择。 (D)1.As an astronaut,I want to ________ more secrets about the space. A.look B.invent C.create D.discover 根据汉语意思完成句子。 2.油画《蒙娜丽莎》是意大利画家达·芬奇创作的。 The oil painting Mona Lisa was created by the Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci. 3.哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲。 Columbus discovered America in 1492. 4.亚历山大·贝尔在1876年发明了电话。 Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 考点4 常见频度副词的用法 always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly/never这些副词均表示频度,在句中的位置一般在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。其频率大小如图所示: The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。 He usually goes to bed at ten o'clock.他通常10点钟睡觉。 He is often late for school.他上学经常迟到。 Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.他有时这样做,有时那样做。 I hardly ever go out these days.这些天我几乎不出门。 My parents are never late for work.我父母上班从不迟到。 单项选择。 (B)1.My brother has a healthy living habit. He ________ stays up late,and he is an early bird. A.usually B.never C.often D.always (A)2.—I have some trouble in learning English. —Take it easy.We can ________ avoid meeting problems in study. A.hardly B.usually C.sometimes D.often (A)3.I don't think fast food is good for our health,so I________ go to McDonald's. A.seldom B.always C.usually D.often (D)4.My father________ goes to the gym with me although he dislikes going there. A.never B.hardly C.seldom D.sometimes 考点5 辨析happen与take place 相同点 两者都没有被动语态,都不能与一段时间连用 不同点 happen指偶然发生,具有不可预测性,主语一般是物。常见用法:sth.+happened+地点/时间,指 “某地/某时发生了某事”;sth.+happened to+sb.,指“某人发生了某事”;sb.+happened to do sth.,指“某人碰巧做了某事” take place指必然发生或有计划、有组织地在安排之内“举行”,主语通常是物 Accidents like this happen all the time.此类事故一直发生。 She happened to be out when we called.我们打电话时她碰巧出去了。 The meeting will take place soon.会议将很快举行。 单项选择。 (A)1.—Look in the mirror.What happened________ your face? —Oh,there's some ink on my face. A.to B.on C.in D.at 根据汉语意思完成句子。 2.2020年7月12日,河北唐山发生了5.1级地震。 A 5.1 magnitude earthquake __happened__ in Tangshan,Hebei on July 12,2020. 3.我昨天碰巧在街上遇见了她。 I __happened__to__meet__ her in the street yesterday. 4.足球比赛将于下周一举行。 The football match will __take__place__ next Monday. 考点6.辨析how far,how often,how long与how soon 短语 用法 how far 意为“多远”,用于对距离进行提问 how often 指每隔多久一次,主要用来对频度副词或状语提问,如often,usually,once a week,three times a month等 how long 表示多长时间,主要用来对一段时间提问,常用于对“for…”“since…”“from…to…”等时间状语进行提问 how soon 意为“多久以后”,主要用来对将来的一段时间提问,如in an hour,in two weeks等,表示某一动作多长时间后才能完成或发生 选择短语填空。 1.—__How__long__ have you lived in the small town? —For two years. 2.—__How__often__ do you water the flowers? —Once a day. 3.—__How__soon__ will you go abroad to attend the meeting? —In three days. 考点7 help的常见用法 He often helps me (to) learn maths.=He often helps me with maths.他经常帮助我学数学。 Welcome to my home and help yourself to some drinks.欢迎来到我家,请随便喝些饮料。 With the help of Jack,my English improved a lot.在杰克的帮助下,我的英语提高了很多。 单项选择。 (C)1.I usually help my mother ________ housework on Sundays. A.does B.did C.do D.doing (B)2.In the evening classes,Miss Wang helps her students________their English study. A.of B.with C.to D.without (D)3.Dear friends,come here and help ________ to the delicious dishes. A.you B.your C.yours D.yourselves (A)4.We should ask the police________ help when in danger. A.for B.on C.in D.of 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 句型(简单句、祈使句、感叹句)和易错点 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 句型 ( 考点一 简单句 的分类 ) 简单句 简单句只包含一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子。简单句分为以下五种基本句型。 (1)S+V(主语+谓语) The boy is crying.这个男孩正在哭。 He laughed.他笑了。 (2)S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语) He looks tired.他看起来很累。 My mother is a teacher.我的妈妈是一名老师。 (3)S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语) I love apples.我喜欢苹果。 She helps me a lot.她帮了我很多。 (4)S+V+IO+DO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) He sent me a book.他送给我一本书。 He gave me an apple.他给了我一个苹果。 (5)S+V+O+OC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语) The story made us laugh.这个故事让我们笑了。 Lily asks me to help her.Lily请我帮助她。 ( 考点 二 易错警示 ) (1)系动词(也称连系动词)后面须跟表语构成系表结构,来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等。最常见的系动词是be(am、 is、 are、 was、 were)。有些词,如get、 become、turn、 grow、 look、 feel、 smell、taste、 sound等也可以作系动词。 This building is very beautiful.这座建筑非常漂亮。 The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来很美味。 (2)一些及物动词,如give、 pass、 show、 send、 bring、tell、teach、 buy、 lend等后面可以接两个宾语。这两个宾语中一个是指物的直接宾语,另一个是指人的间接宾语。 通常情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常要在间接宾语前加相应的介词,如to或for。 On my birthday, my mother bought me a new bike.在我生日那天,我妈妈给我买了一辆新自行车。 Please show your ID card to me.请向我出示你的身份证。 1.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “This bad news made me disappointed.”? A.SV B.SVO C.SVOC D.SVOO 2.What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “Alice gave me a nice present yesterday.”? A.SV. B.SVO. C.SVOC. D.SVOO. 3.Eating fish makes us clever. This sentence pattern is: ________. A.SVOC B.SVA C.SVOO D.SVO 4.The structure of the sentence “My father bought me a new book.” is ________. A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V 5.The sentence structure of “Jim’s father bought him a new watch on his birthday.” is ________. A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+O+O D.S+V+P 6.Which of the following does the sentence “Sad movies often make me unhappy” belong to? A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+O+O D.S+V+O+C 7.“Mrs Green teaches us English.” the type of this sentence is SVOO. Which is the same as this one? A.This new idea made me quite happy. B.I find him honest and hopeful. C.My cousin sent me a postcard. D.He is trying a new food. 8.Which is the sentence pattern of “The cake tastes sweet.”? A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V D.S+V+P 9.The sentence structure of “We call the giant panda Ru Yi.” is ________. A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC 10.What is the sentence structure of “Jim found this film very interesting”? A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC · 思路点拨:1.本题考查专有名词。此句中专有名词China的首字母要大写,且前面不加任何限定词。 1.考查基本句型。SV表示“主语+谓语”;SVO表示“主语+谓语+宾语”;SVOC表示“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”;SVOO表示“主语+谓语+双宾语”。此句中“This bad news”是主语,“made”是谓语,“me”是宾语,“disappointed”是宾补。故选C。 2.考查基本句型。Alice主语;gave谓语;me间接宾语;a nice present直接宾语;yesterday状语。故选D。 3.考查句子结构。Eating fish为主语;makes为谓语;us为宾语;clever为宾语补足语,形容词作宾补。因此本句的结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。故选A。 4.考查句子结构。根据句子可知,此句是带有双宾语的简单句,其中主语:My father;谓语:bought;间接宾语:me;直接宾语:a new book。故选C。 5.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,Jim’s father是主语,bought是谓语,him是间接宾语,a new watch是直接宾语,on his birthday是状语。故选C。 6.考查句子结构。Sad movies是主语,make是谓语,me是宾语,unhappy是形容词作宾语补足语,构成结构为主语+谓语+宾语+补语,故选D。 7.考查句子结构。SVOO结构是主谓宾宾结构,分析句子可知,选项C中的My cousin是主语,sent是谓语,me是间接宾语,a postcard是直接宾语,和此结构一样。故选C。 8.考查英语中的句子成分。A选项为:主语+谓语+宾语;B选项为:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;C选项为:主语+谓语;D选项为:主语+系动词+表语。所给例句中“The cake”作主语,由感官系动词“tastes”作谓语动词,“sweet”为形容词作表语。故本句结构为:主语+系动词+表语。故选D。 9.考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,We是主语;call是谓语;the giant panda是宾语;Ru Yi是宾补。故选D。 10.考查句子结构。S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语;S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;S+V+P主语+谓语+表语;S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补。“Jim found this film very interesting”中,Jim作主语;found“发现”作谓语;this film“这部电影”作宾语;very interesting“很有趣”作宾语补足语。故选D。 · 答案1. C 2. D 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.D 8.D 9.D 10.D 其他句型 ( 考点一 陈述句 ) 1.肯定句:主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。如 I like apples(我喜欢苹果) 。谓语动词的形式会根据主语的人称和数发生变化,当主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it 等)时,一般现在时中谓语动词要加 -s 或 -es ,如 She likes reading.(她喜欢阅读。) 2.否定句:在谓语动词前加否定词。如果谓语动词是 be 动词,直接在 be 动词后加 not , 如 I am not a student(我不是学生); 如果谓语动词是实义动词,要借助助动词 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t ,并将动词还原, 如 He doesn’t like bananas(他不喜欢香蕉) 。这里的 doesn’t 是助动词,用于第三人称单数主语的否定句,后面的 like 要还原成原形。 1.She ______ (go) to school by bus every day. 2.They ______ (have) a good time yesterday.(改为否定句) ( 考点 二 疑问句 ) 1.一般疑问句:以 be 动词、助动词或情态动词开头。回答用 Yes 或 No 。 Is he a teacher?(他是老师吗?)Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.(是的,他是。/ 不,他不是。) Do you have a book?(你有一本书吗?)Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.(是的,我有。/ 不,我没有。) Can you swim?(你会游泳吗?)Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.(是的,我会。/ 不,我不会。)一般疑问句的语调通常是升调。 2.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句。 常见特殊疑问词有 what(什么)、who(谁)、where(哪里)、when(什么时候)、why(为什么)、how(怎样)等。 What do you want?(你想要什么?) Where are you from?(你来自哪里?) 特殊疑问句中,疑问词的选择取决于提问的内容。 1.______ (be) they students? Yes, they ______. 2.______ do you go to school? By bike. ( 考点 三 改写句子 ) A. 陈述句→否定句/一般疑问句(含三单、过去式) 规则总结: 句型类型 否定句句变化规则 例句(肯定句→否定句) 含be动词 直接在be动词后加not(is→isn’t/are→aren’t) She is happy. → She isn’t happy. 含情态动词 直接在情态动词后加not (can→can’t/must→mustn’t) They can swim. → They can’t swim. 含实义动词 一般现在时:主语三单加doesn’t,动词还原;非三单加don’t一般过去时:加didn’t,动词还原 He plays football. → He doesn’t play. They visited → They didn’t visit. 1. He has a lot of friends. → 否定句:_________________________________________________ 2. They did homework yesterday. → 一般疑问句:________________________________________________ B. 对划线部分提问(附疑问词选择技巧) 疑问词速记口诀: • 什么what,谁who,哪里where问地点; • 何时when问时间,为何why问原因; • 如何how问方式,多少how many/much记清楚(many+可数,much+不可数/价格)。 1. There are twelve months in a year. → __________________________________________________ 2. The milk is ten yuan. → __________________________________________________ 3. She goes to school on foot. → __________________________________________________ ( 考点 四 祈使句 ) 1.祈使句的功能 祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、号召或劝说、警告等。第二人称主语you通常省略,谓语动词用原形。 2.祈使句的基本结构 类别 肯定句 否定句 Do型 Do(原形)+... Don’t do(原形)+... Read English aloud! Don’t talk in class! Be型 Be+adj. Don’t + be +adj. Be quiet! Don’t be late again! Let 型 Let sb.+do... Let sb.+ not do... Let me help you. Let him not talk in class. No/Never 型 —— No+doing/n.禁止······· Never + do (原形)+...永远不要······ —— No smoking. (= Don’t smoke.) Never give up! 1.    fast to your dreams, for if dreams die, life is like a broken⁃winged bird that can never fly.  A.Hold     B.To hold     C.Held     D.Holding 2.—Cindy,    out the rubbish when you leave. And I’ll do the dishes.  —OK, Dad. A.take     B.takes     C.took     D.to take 3.—Your room is in a terrible mess, Tom.    your books here and there next time.  —OK,    . I’ll put them away in five minutes, Mum.  A.Don’t leave;I won’t     B.Won’t leave;I will C.Don’t leave;I will     D.Won’t leave;I won’t 4.Mr Lee,      (not mix) your life and work together.  5.     (make) sure there are no mistakes in your paper and you can hand it in.  思路点拨:、 1.答案 A 考查祈使句。此处用祈使句表达建议,祈使句以动词原形开头。故选A。 2.答案 A 考查祈使句。此处为祈使句,应以动词原形开头。故选A。 3.答案 A 考查祈使句及其应答语。第一空后虽然有表示将来时间的next time,但这是妈妈向汤姆发出的命令、要求,是祈使句,所以用Don’t+动词原形。排除B、D。肯定祈使句的应答语为I will;否定祈使句的应答语为I won’t。故选A。 4.答案 don’t mix 句意:李先生,不要把你的生活和工作混在一起。此句是否定的祈使句,其构成是“don’t+动词原形+其他成分”,故填don’t mix。 5.答案 Make 考查祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头,make sure“确保”。故填Make。 ( 考点 五 感叹句 ) 类别 结构 例句 what 构成的感叹句 What + a/ an + 形容词+可数名词的单数形式 (+主语+谓语)! ________________________(she is)! (她是一个)多么漂亮的女孩啊! What+形容词+可数名词的复 数形式(+主语+谓语)! ________________________ (they have done)! (他们做了)多么重要的工作啊! What+形容+不可数名词 (+主语+谓语)! ________________________ (it is)!(这是)多好的 消息啊! how构成的感叹句 How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)! ________________________ (the noodles are)! (面条)多么美味啊! How+形容词+ a/an+可数名词的单数(+主语+谓语)! ________________________(it is)! (这是)多么有用的一门学科啊! How+主语+谓语! ________________________! 时间过得真快啊! 1.    clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.  A.What     B.How a C.How     D.What a 2.    great scientist Yuan Longping is! He spent all his life on the research of rice.  A.What     B.What a C.How     D.How a 3.   nice it is to drink a cup of coffee after long hours’ work!  A.What     B.What a     C.How     D.How a 4.—    great surprise to see you here, Daniel!  —Yeah. We haven’t seen each other for quite a long time. A.What a     B.What     C.How a     D.How 5.—    do you admire Yuan Longping for?  —He devoted all his life to the research and development of better rice plants. A.Why     B.What     C.How     D.Where 6.It is really a pleasant time to have a picnic on a warm sunny day.(改为感叹句)       pleasant time it is to have a picnic on a warm sunny day!  7.Dad usually makes bad plans but this time he got it right, finally.        a surprise!  8.I was red in the face.        I wished I could disappear!  9.        thankful I was to my friend John!  · 思路点拨: 1.答案 D 考查感叹句。本句感叹的中心词是girl,应该用what引导感叹句, girl为可数名词单数,clever以辅音音素开头,应该使用不定冠词a,故选D。 2.答案 B 考查感叹句。本句感叹的中心词是scientist,scientist是可数名词,此处应用What a来修饰名词短语great scientist。故选B。 3.答案 C  考查感叹句。本句是感叹句,其中心词为形容词nice,用How引导,故选C。 4.答案 A 考查感叹句。本句为感叹句,其中心词surprise为可数名词单数形式,且great以辅音音素开头,所以用“What+a+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语!”,故选A。 5.答案 B 考查特殊疑问词。“What...for?”是固定结构,表示“为什么……?”。故选B。 6.答案 What a 考查感叹句。time是名词,被形容词修饰时,要加不定冠词a/an,指“一段……的时光”。本句感叹的中心词为time,前面的形容词pleasant以辅音音素开头,所以用What加不定冠词a来填空。设空位于句首,需大写首字母。故填What a。 7.答案 What 此处为感叹句,空后的surprise在这里为名词,表示“意想不到的事情”,应用what开头的感叹句,故填What。 8.答案 How 句意:我脸红了。我多么希望我能消失!此处为How开头的感叹句。故填How。 9.答案 How 句意:我多么感谢我的朋友John啊!根据空后的thankful I was和句尾的叹号可知,该句是“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”的感叹句句式,故填How。 ( 考点 六 There be句型 ) 1.基本结构:表示 “某地有某物 / 某人”,结构为 There be + 名词 + 地点状语 。 There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。)be 动词的单复数形式由离它最近的名词决定,即就近原则。 2.be 动词的确定:be 动词的形式由后面的名词决定,名词是单数或不可数名词时用 is ,是复数名词时用 are 。 There is some water in the glass.(杯子里有一些水) There are some apples on the table.(桌子上有一些苹果) 。 如果有多个名词,be 动词遵循就近原则 , There is a pen and two pencils in the pencil - box.(离 be 动词近的是 a pen ,所以用 is ) 3.There be 句型的一般将来时为:There will be/There is/are going to be+主语(+时间/地点)。 如:Look at the dark cloud! There is going to be heavy rain.看那乌云!快 1. There ______ (be) a book and two pens on the desk. 2. There ______ (be) some water in the glass. 3. ______ (be) there any trees in the park? 4. There ______ (be) a lot of people at the concert last night. 5. There ______ (be) two dogs and a cat in the yard. 6. ______ (be) there a supermarket near here? 7. There ______ (be) a meeting tomorrow. 8. There ______ (be) some flowers in the vase. 9. ______(be) there______ milk in the fridge? 10. There ______ (be) a new school in our town next year. 1.(23-24七年级上·河北保定·期末)I have a tidy room, but my brother ________. His things are everywhere. A.do B.don’t C.does D.doesn’t 2.(22-23七年级上·河北唐山·期末)Bill has some baseballs, ________ his brothers ________. A.and; don’t B.but; don’t C.and; doesn’t D.but; doesn’t 3.(23-24七年级上·河北廊坊·期末)— ________ Tom ________ watching The Marvels (《惊奇队长2》)? — No, he doesn’t. He thinks it’s boring. A.Do; love B.Do; loves C.Does; love D.Does; loves 4.(23-24七年级上·河北廊坊·期末)— ________ do you like history? — Because it’s easy. A.Why B.When C.Who D.What 5.(23-24七年级上·河北石家庄·期末)— ________ hamburgers do you want? — Two, please. And ________ are they? — They’re 12 yuan. A.How much; how much B.How many; how many C.How many; how much D.How much; how many 6.(22-23七年级下·河北石家庄·期末)—Is there a bookstore near your school, Linda? —________. I often go there to read books after school. A.Yes, it is B.Yes, there is C.No, it isn’t D.No, there isn’t 7.(22-23七年级下·河北秦皇岛·期末)________ shout at your parents. It’s impolite(不礼貌的) of you to do that. A.Don’t B.Can’t C.Mustn’t D.Not 8.(22-23七年级下·河北沧州·期末)________ put your food on the table. The table is not clean. A.Don’t B.Doesn’t C.Mustn’t D.Can’t 9.(21-22七年级下·河北保定·期末) ________ too much junk food. It is bad for your health. A.Eat B.Eating C.Don’t eat D.Not eat 10.(21-22七年级下·河北廊坊·期末)Tony, ________ TV when you are having meals. It’s not a good habit. A.watches B.doesn’t watch C.watch D.don’t watch 11.(22-23七年级下·河北承德·期末)________ delicious the chicken is! Who cooked it? A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 12.(21-22七年级下·河北石家庄·期末)—________ wonderful the music is!       —Yes, it makes me relax after a busy day. A.How a B.What a C.How D.What 13.(21-22七年级下·河北保定·期末)________ useful brush you gave me! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 14.(21-22七年级下·河北邯郸·期末)—I took a photo with the musician Lang Lang yesterday. — ________ lucky you were! A.What B.What a C.How a D.How 15.(21-22七年级下·河北保定·期末)________ heavy the rain is! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 16.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)—________ something wrong with my computer. Can I use yours? —No problem. A.It is B.It was C.There is D.There was 17.(24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期中)There ________ rain later in the afternoon. I’m afraid the meeting will be put off. A.will have B.is going to have C.will be D.are going to be 18.(24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)There ________ a new film in the local cinema this weekend. Why not ________ your friends to see it? A.will have; invite B.is going to be; invite C.are going to be; to invite D.will be; to invite 19.(24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期中)There ________ a football match between Class 3 and Class 10 the day after tomorrow. A.will be B.is going to have C.will have D.are going to be 真题感知 1.(2024·西藏·中考真题)He ________ have breakfast because he woke up late this morning. A.does B.did C.doesn’t D.didn’t 2.(2022·西藏·中考真题)I don’t like noodles and my cousin Amy doesn’t like them, ________. A.too B.either C.also D.as well 3.(2024·河北石家庄·三模)—________ is it from the Children’s Palace to Nanjing South Railway Station, Tom? —About 10 minutes’ ride by bus. A.How soon B.How often C.How far D.How much 4.(2022·河北邢台·二模)—________ do you water the plant?     —Twice a month. A.How far B.How long C.How often D.How soon 5.(2023·河北·中考真题)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the concert. A.so B.or C.and D.but 6.(2024·江苏南通·模拟预测)Growing up is not easy. ________ calm when you’re facing serious problems in life. A.Staying B.To stay C.Stay D.Stays 7.(2025·上海杨浦·三模)Ben, ________ off the tap while brushing your teeth. A.turn B.turns C.turning D.turned 8.(2025·江苏南京·一模)“________ deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better.” That is what our Physics teacher often says to us. A.Look B.To look C.Looking D.Looked 9.(2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题)—________ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves! —I’m glad you had a good time. A.What B.How C.How a D.What a 10.(2022·河北邢台·二模)—We will have a two-month holiday after the exam.     —________ exciting news! A.How B.What C.How an D.What an 11.(2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测)Our team won first place in the singing competition. ________ exciting news it is! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an 12.(2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测)—________ fine weather it is! Let’s go for a picnic. —Good idea. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 考点1 辨析arrive,get与reach 词汇 词性 用法 arrive v. 后跟介词at或in+地点名词 get v. 后跟介词to+地点名词 reach v. 直接跟地点名词 【注意】(1)arrive at用于到达较小的地方,如车站、学校、邮局、机场等;arrive in用于到达较大的地方,如城市、地区、国家等。 (2) arrive,get,reach后接表示地点的副词here,there,home等时,不加介词。 根据汉语意思完成句子。 那位新老师昨天到的我们学校。 The new teacher arrived ________our school yesterday. =The new teacher ________ our school yesterday. =The new teacher ________our school yesterday. 考点2 enjoy的常见用法 (1)enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事;享受做某事的乐趣”; (2)enjoy oneself “玩得开心”;相当于have fun/have a good time,常用于表达祝福; (3)enjoy的形容词是enjoyable,意为“愉快的;快乐的”。 单项选择。 ( )1.Welcome you all to China and enjoy________ here. A.yourself     B.yourselves C.themselves     D.himself 用所给词的适当形式填空。 2.I enjoy ________(read) with my parents at home on weekends. 考点3 辨析discover,invent与create (1)discover意为“发现;找到”,表示发现原本就存在但尚未被人发现或知晓的事物,如地点、物体或事实等,名词形式是discovery。 (2)invent意为“发明;创造”,指通过研究和实验而“创造;发明”出原本不存在的东西,尤指科技上的发明创造。 (3)create指从无到有的“创作”,创作出原本不存在的东西,如艺术作品、理论等。 单项选择。 ( )1.As an astronaut,I want to ________ more secrets about the space. A.look B.invent C.create D.discover 根据汉语意思完成句子。 2.油画《蒙娜丽莎》是意大利画家达·芬奇创作的。 The oil painting Mona Lisa was ________by the Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci. 3.哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲。 Columbus ________America in 1492. 4.亚历山大·贝尔在1876年发明了电话。 Alexander Bell ________the telephone in 1876. 考点4 常见频度副词的用法 always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly/never这些副词均表示频度,在句中的位置一般在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。其频率大小如图所示: The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。 He usually goes to bed at ten o'clock.他通常10点钟睡觉。 He is often late for school.他上学经常迟到。 Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.他有时这样做,有时那样做。 I hardly ever go out these days.这些天我几乎不出门。 My parents are never late for work.我父母上班从不迟到。 单项选择。 ( )1.My brother has a healthy living habit. He ________ stays up late,and he is an early bird. A.usually B.never C.often D.always ( )2.—I have some trouble in learning English. —Take it easy.We can ________ avoid meeting problems in study. A.hardly B.usually C.sometimes D.often ( )3.I don't think fast food is good for our health,so I________ go to McDonald's. A.seldom B.always C.usually D.often ( )4.My father________ goes to the gym with me although he dislikes going there. A.never B.hardly C.seldom D.sometimes 考点5 辨析happen与take place 相同点 两者都没有被动语态,都不能与一段时间连用 不同点 happen指偶然发生,具有不可预测性,主语一般是物。常见用法:sth.+happened+地点/时间,指 “某地/某时发生了某事”;sth.+happened to+sb.,指“某人发生了某事”;sb.+happened to do sth.,指“某人碰巧做了某事” take place指必然发生或有计划、有组织地在安排之内“举行”,主语通常是物 Accidents like this happen all the time.此类事故一直发生。 She happened to be out when we called.我们打电话时她碰巧出去了。 The meeting will take place soon.会议将很快举行。 单项选择。 ( )1.—Look in the mirror.What happened________ your face? —Oh,there's some ink on my face. A.to B.on C.in D.at 根据汉语意思完成句子。 2.2020年7月12日,河北唐山发生了5.1级地震。 A 5.1 magnitude earthquake ________in Tangshan,Hebei on July 12,2020. 3.我昨天碰巧在街上遇见了她。 I ________________ her in the street yesterday. 4.足球比赛将于下周一举行。 The football match will ________________ next Monday. 考点6.辨析how far,how often,how long与how soon 短语 用法 how far 意为“多远”,用于对距离进行提问 how often 指每隔多久一次,主要用来对频度副词或状语提问,如often,usually,once a week,three times a month等 how long 表示多长时间,主要用来对一段时间提问,常用于对“for…”“since…”“from…to…”等时间状语进行提问 how soon 意为“多久以后”,主要用来对将来的一段时间提问,如in an hour,in two weeks等,表示某一动作多长时间后才能完成或发生 选择短语填空。 1.—________________ have you lived in the small town? —For two years. 2.—________________ do you water the flowers? —Once a day. 3.—________________will you go abroad to attend the meeting? —In three days. 考点7 help的常见用法 He often helps me (to) learn maths.=He often helps me with maths.他经常帮助我学数学。 Welcome to my home and help yourself to some drinks.欢迎来到我家,请随便喝些饮料。 With the help of Jack,my English improved a lot.在杰克的帮助下,我的英语提高了很多。 单项选择。 ( )1.I usually help my mother ________ housework on Sundays. A.does B.did C.do D.doing ( )2.In the evening classes,Miss Wang helps her students________their English study. A.of B.with C.to D.without ( )3.Dear friends,come here and help ________ to the delicious dishes. A.you B.your C.yours D.yourselves ( )4.We should ask the police________ help when in danger. A.for B.on C.in D.of 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题03 句型(简单句、祈使句、感叹句)和易错点-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(冀教版2024)
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专题03 句型(简单句、祈使句、感叹句)和易错点-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(冀教版2024)
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