小升初复习 动词（课件）-2024-2025学年通用版英语六年级下册

小升初英语知识点梳理 专题七 动词 动词的分类 01 动词的基本形式 02 强化训练 03 目录 01 动词的分类 动词的定义 动词的概念：表示动作或状态的词叫作动词。 表示动作的词: ask, go, walk等。 表示状态的词: have, be, keep等。 动词的定义 动词的概念：表示动作或状态的词叫作动词。 表示动作的词: ask, go, walk等。 表示状态的词: have, be, keep等。 动词的分类 按照动词的词义和在句子中的作用，动词可分为四类：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词 (2)不及物动词后通常不直接跟宾语。 They work in a factory. 他们在工厂工作。 The rain stopped.雨停了。 (1)及物动词后可直接跟宾语。 I saw a cat.我看见了一只猫。 He is reading a story.他正在读一个故事。 1.实义动词：实义动词也叫行为动词，能独立作谓语。实义动词又可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。 (2)不及物动词后通常不直接跟宾语。 They work in a factory. 他们在工厂工作。 The rain stopped.雨停了。。 (2)不及物动词后通常不直接跟宾语。 They work in a factory. 他们在工厂工作。 The rain stopped.雨停了。 be动词是最基本的系动词。它包括am，is，are及这三个词的相应变化形式。 I am a student.我是一名学生。 I was a student ten years ago. 十年前我是一名学生 2.系动词：系动词也叫连系动词，不能单独作谓语，必须和名词、形容词等一起使用才能作句子的谓语 除 be 动词外, look, sound, feel, seem,smell, taste等感官动词也是系动词。 That sounds interesting. 那听上去很有趣。 Mike seems very sad. 迈克看起来很伤心。 (2)不及物动词后通常不直接跟宾语。 They work in a factory. 他们在工厂工作。 The rain stopped.雨停了。 3.助动词：助动词本身无词义，它和实义动词一起构成各种时态和语态，也可构成否定和疑问结构,常用的助动词有 do/ does/ did/have/ has/ had, should, will/ would等。 Do you like pears? 你喜欢梨吗? Does he like playing basketball? 他喜欢打篮球吗? Would you like a cup of tea? 你要不要来一杯茶?。 常用的情态动词有: can, could, may, must,will, should等： I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。 May I borrow your pencil? 我可以借你的铅笔吗? Shall we meet at the school gate? 我们在学校门口见面，怎么样? 4.情态动词:情态动词表示说话人的语气或情绪。 02 动词的基本形式 1.动词原形 动词原形是动词未经任何变化的原本形式。 如: have, do, go等。 例如： I have to do my homework.我不得不写家庭作业。 I go to school every week.我每周都要去读书。 2.动词的第三人称单数形式 ①一般情况在词尾加-s。 play— plays get— gets ②以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词，通常在词尾加-es。 go— goes fix— fixes teach— teaches wash— washes ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-es。 fly— flies cry— cries study—— studies 3.动词的现在分词形式 ①一般情况在词尾加-ing。 play— playing look— looking ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。 live— living like— liking come— coming ③以 ie结尾的动词，先将 ie变为y,再加-ing。 die— dying lie— lying ④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。 swim— swimming run— running sit— sitting 4.动词的过去式（规则变化） ①一般情况在词尾加-ed。 play— played look— looked ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，在词尾加-d。 live— lived like— liked hope— hoped ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。 cry— cried study— studied carry— carried ④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。 stop— stopped plan— planned drop— dropped 5.动词的过去式（不规则变化） 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 is/ am was sit sat are were cut cut bring brought give gave buy bought sing sang begin began write wrote come came do did meet met have had go went see saw win won eat ate hit hit set set run ran swim swam keep kept know knew read read drive drove speak spoke wear wore 03 强化训练 一、按要求写单词。 1. fly(第三人称单数形式)                2. run(现在分词)                 3. buy(过去式)                4. take(过去式)                  5. sit(现在分词)                  6. spoke(原形)                  flies running bought took sitting speak Ⅲ.用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. The old man (move) to a new house last month. 2. Would you like (buy) things for New Year's Day? 3. They enjoy (play) basketball. 4. Mike (not like) cooking. 5. My aunt (look) after her 1. The old man (move) to a new house last month. 2. Would you like (buy) things for New Year's Day? 3. They enjoy (play) basketball. 4. Mike (not like) cooking. 5. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully. 6.—— What did you do on your holiday? —I (go) swimming. 7. The boy (draw) a picture now.baby carefully. 6.—— What did you do on your holiday? —I (go) swimming. 7. The boy (draw) a picture now. 8. He (do) his homework every day. But he (not do) it yesterday. 9. Let me (help) you find your pencil. 10. John's mum often (play) the piano for fun. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. The old man               (move) to a new house last month. 2. Would you like                (buy) things for New Year's Day? 3. They enjoy               (play) basketball. 4. Mike                (not like) cooking. 5. My aunt                (look) after her baby carefully. 6.—— What did you do on your holiday? —I              (go) swimming. moved to buy playing doesn’t like looks went 三、单项选择。 1. Do you want    ? A. to go to school                B. speak English C. go home                      D. to the door 2.— Must I stay at home, Mum? — No, you        . A. needn't      B. mustn't           C. don't            D. may not 3. Where are my shoes? I can't         them now. A. finds       B. finding            C. look             D. find 4.         the kite like this! A. Flying      B. Flies              C. Fly              D. To fly 5.— Where         you from? —I         from China. A. does; come            B. are; am C. are; comes                    D. do; comes 四、根据括号内所给的时间提示改写句子。 1. We play ping-pong every day. (last Friday)                                                                 2. The boy is washing his clothes.(every day)                                                                 3. I often play football with my friends. (tomorrow)                                                                 I will/ am going to play football with my friends tomorrow. We played ping-pong last Friday. The boy washes his clothes every day. Thank you！ $$