专题04 阅读策略复习【小初衔接4】-【暑假自学课】2025年新六年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(鲁教版五四制2024)

专题04 阅读策略复习 内容导航 关键策略聚焦：核心能力回顾，查漏补缺 重点方法速记：分析路径梳理，拓展思路 复习强化提升：题型感知专练，全面突破 小升初英语必备的阅读策略 1. 预测策略（Prediction Strategy） 【策略内容】 在开始阅读前或者阅读过程中，同学们可以借助文章的标题、书中的图片、已经学过的知识，还有自己的生活经验，对文章讲了什么内容、故事怎么发展、作者想要表达什么观点等进行合理的猜测。这个策略能让大家更想读文章，带着问题和好奇心去阅读，从而更高效、更深入地理解文章。 预测策略在英语阅读里非常有用。不同的预测线索，像标题、首句、配图、小标题、体裁等，能帮助我们从各个方面对文章进行猜测。在阅读过程中，如果文章内容和我们预测的一样，我们就能更快明白文章意思，对文章的整体理解也会更牢固，还会更有信心去阅读；要是出现了和预测不一样的情节，也没关系，这反而会让我们特别好奇，更想弄清楚作者为什么要这样写，从而更深入地思考文章的含义和作者的想法。这种先预测再阅读验证的过程，改变了以前只是被动接受信息的阅读方式，让我们在阅读时一直积极思考，不仅能提高我们阅读理解的速度和深度，还能锻炼我们分析问题的能力，对我们学好英语阅读有很大的帮助 。 【应用举例】 例 1：从标题预测内容 例如，文章标题是 “My Unforgettable School Trip”。看到这个标题，我们可以预测文章会讲述作者一次难忘的学校旅行。可能会提到旅行去了哪里，在那里做了什么有趣的事，为什么这次旅行让人难忘等。 【阅读语篇】 Last month, our school organized a trip to a science museum. When we arrived, we were greeted by a huge dinosaur skeleton. The guide showed us around and explained many amazing things about space and animals. We even got to try some cool science experiments by ourselves. I will never forget the day I learned so many new things and had so much fun with my classmates. [策略分析]根据标题预测文章围绕难忘的学校旅行展开，扩展段落中 “trip to a science museum” 点明旅行地点，“saw a huge dinosaur skeleton”“tried science experiments” 等内容描述了旅行中的具体活动，“I will never forget” 强调了旅行的难忘之处，与预测的内容和方向一致。同学们在阅读时，因为之前的预测，会更关注这些体现 “难忘” 的细节，从而更好地理解文章是如何围绕主题进行叙述的，也能学习到如何描述一次活动经历。 例 2：依据首句预测情节 例如，段落首句为 “It was a sunny morning, and Emma found a small, injured bird in her garden.” 从这句话我们可以预测，接下来文章可能会讲 Emma 发现小鸟后做了什么，比如她怎么照顾这只受伤的小鸟，有没有带它去看兽医，最后小鸟的伤势有没有好转等。 【阅读语篇】 Emma felt sorry for the little bird. She carefully picked it up and took it inside. She made a soft bed for the bird using an old box and some cotton. Then, she called her father, who is a vet. Her father came home quickly and examined the bird. After a week of taking good care of the bird, Emma was happy to see it fly away again. [策略分析]由首句引发的预测，让同学们在阅读扩展段落时，聚焦于 Emma 照顾小鸟的过程。“picked it up”“made a bed”“called her father” 等一系列动作描述，符合预测中照顾小鸟的情节发展。通过这样的阅读，同学们能理解如何按照事情发展的顺序进行写作，同时也能在预测和验证的过程中，提高对文章情节连贯性的把握能力，知道每一个行为都是为了推动故事发展。 例 3：结合配图预测情感 例如，文章配有一张图片，画面中一个男孩站在舞台上，脸上带着紧张又期待的表情，手里拿着小提琴。文章标题是 “A Big Day for Tom”。结合图片和标题，我们可以预测文章会讲述 Tom 重要的一天，可能是他第一次在众人面前拉小提琴表演，在这个过程中他可能会遇到一些小状况，也可能表演很成功，最后表达出他在这一天的感受。 【阅读语篇】 Tom had been practicing the violin for months for this school music show. When his turn came, his hands were shaking a little. But as he started to play, the beautiful music filled the hall. Everyone listened quietly and clapped loudly at the end. Tom felt so proud and happy that he almost cried. It was truly the best day in his life. [策略分析]从图片和标题做出的预测，使同学们在阅读时关注 Tom 表演的过程和心情变化。“hands were shaking” 体现了他的紧张，对应预测中的小状况；“felt so proud and happy” 表达了他表演后的喜悦，符合预测中表达感受的部分。通过这样的预测和阅读分析，同学们不仅能理解文章内容，还能学会从人物的动作、表情等描写来体会人物的情感，提高对文章情感基调的感知能力。 例 4：利用小标题预测重点 例如，文章有小标题 “Our School's New Library”，前文提到同学们一直希望学校能有更好的阅读地方。由此我们可以预测，这部分内容会介绍新图书馆的样子，有哪些类型的书，同学们在里面可以做什么，新图书馆给大家带来了哪些便利等。 【阅读语篇】 The new library is on the second floor of our school. It has large windows that let in a lot of light. There are rows and rows of bookshelves with different kinds of books, like storybooks, science books, and magazines. We can read books there quietly, borrow books to take home, or even have reading clubs with our friends. Now, it has become the most popular place in our school. [策略分析]依据小标题和前文背景进行的预测，帮助同学们在阅读时快速抓住关键信息。“on the second floor”“large windows” 描述了图书馆的位置和外观；“different kinds of books” 介绍藏书情况；“read books”“borrow books”“have reading clubs” 说明了同学们能在图书馆进行的活动。通过这样的预测阅读，同学们能学会如何从标题和上下文获取文章重点，提高信息筛选和归纳的能力，更好地理解文章是如何围绕一个主题展开介绍的。 例 5：根据体裁预测表达方式 例如，文章是一首标题为 “My Pet Cat” 的小诗。基于我们对诗歌通常用优美的语言、生动的意象来表达情感的认识，以及标题内容，我们可以预测这首诗会描写小猫的样子、性格，诗人和小猫之间发生的有趣故事，从而表达出对小猫的喜爱之情。 【阅读语篇】 My cat is soft as a cloud, With eyes that shine like stars so proud. She chases toys all around the floor, And purrs loudly by my door. [策略分析]根据诗歌体裁和标题做出的预测，引导同学们在阅读时关注诗歌中描写小猫特点的意象。“soft as a cloud” 用比喻描写小猫柔软的特点，“eyes that shine like stars” 生动展现小猫眼睛的明亮，“chases toys”“purrs loudly” 描绘小猫的行为。同学们通过品味这些诗句，能更好地理解诗歌是如何用简洁而富有表现力的语言来表达情感的，提升对诗歌这种文学体裁的阅读理解能力和欣赏水平。 2. 略读策略（Skimming Strategy） 【策略内容】 略读策略指的是在阅读英语文章时，以较快的速度浏览全文，重点关注能够揭示文章关键信息的部分，如标题（title）、小标题（subheadings）、每段的首句（first sentence）和尾句（last sentence）、加粗（bold）或斜体（italic）等特殊标注的内容、图表（charts and graphs）及其说明文字等，从而快速获取文章的主旨大意（main idea）、核心观点（key points）、段落结构（paragraph structure），而不过多纠结于具体细节（details）。该策略常用于在短时间内了解文章的整体框架，判断文章是否符合阅读需求，为进一步的深入阅读或答题做准备 。 通过运用略读策略，初中学生面对各类题材和体裁的文章时，都能在短时间内梳理文章脉络，抓住主旨大意和核心观点。这不仅为后续精读文章、解答理解性题目打下基础，还能在日常阅读英语材料（如通知、新闻、推荐文章等）时，快速筛选出有用信息，逐渐培养高效的阅读习惯和信息处理能力，全面提升英语阅读素养。 【应用举例】 例1：校园生活文章略读 文章标题：My Colorful School Life 略读过程： 标题暗示文章将讲述丰富多彩的校园生活。 第一段首句 “Every day at school is full of surprises and fun for me.” 点明校园生活充满惊喜与乐趣。 第二段首句 “In the morning, I enjoy having different classes with my lovely teachers and classmates.” 尾句 “We learn new knowledge and discuss interesting topics together.” 可知该段围绕课堂学习展开。 第三段首句 “After class, there are many activities waiting for us.” 尾句 “These activities make my school life more colorful and meaningful.” 说明此段介绍课后活动。 文章结尾句 “I love my school life and cherish every moment here.” 表达对校园生活的喜爱之情。 略读结果：快速了解文章从课堂学习和课后活动两方面，展现了作者丰富多彩的校园生活及热爱之情。 例 2：健康知识文章略读 文章包含三个小标题：Why Exercise is Important、Good Eating Habits、Get Enough Sleep 略读过程： 三个小标题明确文章将从运动的重要性、良好饮食习惯、充足睡眠三个角度探讨健康知识。 每个小标题对应段落首句进一步展开，如 “Exercise helps us stay fit and strong, and it can also make us feel happy.”（运动重要性段首句）；“Eating healthy food is the key to a good life. We should eat more fruits, vegetables and less junk food.”（饮食习惯段首句）；“Sleep is like a magic repair for our body. Teenagers need 8 - 9 hours of sleep every night.”（睡眠段首句）。 略读结果：通过略读，迅速掌握文章围绕运动、饮食、睡眠给出健康生活的建议，清晰了解文章结构与核心内容。 例 3：旅游经历文章略读 【阅读语篇】 A Wonderful Trip to Beijing Last summer, I went to Beijing with my parents. It was my first time to visit this amazing city. We visited many famous places, like the Great Wall, the Palace Museum and Tiananmen Square. The Great Wall was so long and great. I felt so proud when I stood on it. The Palace Museum showed us the history and culture of China. I was really impressed by the beautiful buildings there. We also tried some delicious Beijing food, such as Peking duck. It tasted so good! I will never forget this wonderful trip to Beijing. [策略分析] 略读过程：加粗标题点明文章是关于北京之旅。快速浏览时，抓住 “visited many famous places”“tried some delicious Beijing food” 等关键短语，以及结尾句对旅行的总结。 略读结果：迅速得知文章讲述作者在北京参观景点、品尝美食的精彩旅行经历，以及难忘的感受。 例 4：科技发明文章略读 【阅读语篇】 The Amazing Invention - Smartphones Smartphones have changed our lives in many ways. First, they make communication easier. We can talk to people far away through calls, messages, or video chats. Second, smartphones provide us with a lot of information. We can search for knowledge, read news, and watch videos anytime, anywhere. Moreover, they are also great for entertainment. We can play games, listen to music, and take photos with them. Without smartphones, our lives would be much less convenient. [策略分析] 略读过程：标题表明文章介绍智能手机这一神奇发明。每段首句分别指出智能手机在沟通、获取信息、娱乐方面的作用，尾句总结智能手机让生活更便利。 略读结果：快速了解文章从沟通、信息获取、娱乐等方面，阐述了智能手机对生活的重要影响。 例 5：书籍推荐文章略读 【阅读语篇】 Recommend a Good Book - Charlotte's Web Charlotte's Web is a famous book that I really love. It tells a touching story about a pig named Wilbur and a spider named Charlotte. The writer uses simple and beautiful words to show the friendship between them. This book is suitable for all ages. It can make you laugh, cry, and think about the meaning of life. If you haven’t read it yet, I strongly recommend you to pick it up! [策略分析] 略读过程：标题显示文章是对《夏洛的网》这本书的推荐。通过略读，抓住 “tells a touching story”“show the friendship”“suitable for all ages”“strongly recommend” 等关键信息。 略读结果：迅速掌握文章介绍了《夏洛的网》的故事内容、主题、适合人群，并强烈推荐阅读。 3. 扫读策略（Scanning Strategy） 【策略内容】 扫读策略是指当我们带着明确的问题或特定的信息需求阅读英语文章时，通过快速浏览文本，在文中精准定位与问题相关的细节内容，而选择性忽略其他无关信息，从而高效获取所需答案的阅读方法。该策略常用于解答细节类题目、查找特定数据或信息，能够帮助我们在有限时间内快速、准确地找到关键信息，提升阅读效率和答题准确率。 运用扫读策略，不仅能提高学生解答细节类题目的效率和准确率，还能培养学生筛选信息、抓住重点的能力。长期练习扫读，有助于学生在大量英语阅读材料中快速定位所需信息，为更深入的阅读分析和语言学习奠定基础，同时也能提升学生在英语考试中应对细节题的信心和能力 。 【应用举例】 例 1：活动通知类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 English Speech Competition Date: June 20th, 2024 Place: School Hall Time: 9:00 a.m. - 11:30 a.m. Participants: Students from Grade 7 - 9 Registration Deadline: June 15th, 2024 Contact: Miss Li at 123 - 4567 - 8901 [读后问题] Where will the English speech competition be held? Who can take part in the competition? What’s the phone number of the contact person? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 对于问题 1，在文章中快速扫描与地点相关的词汇，迅速定位到 “Place: School Hall”，找到答案。针对问题 2，聚焦 “Participants” 关键词，看到 “Students from Grade 7 - 9”，获取答案。解答问题 3 时，通过查找 “Contact”，锁定 “Miss Li at 123 - 4567 - 8901”，得到联系人电话号码。 扫读结果： The competition will be held in the School Hall. Students from Grade 7 - 9 can take part in it. The phone number of the contact person is 123 - 4567 - 8901. 例 2：人物介绍类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 My name is Amy. I’m 13 years old and study in No.1 Middle School. I like reading books and playing the piano. My best friend is Lucy. She is one year younger than me and she loves drawing pictures. We often go to the library together on weekends. [读后问题] How old is Lucy? What’s Amy’s hobby? Where do Amy and Lucy often go on weekends? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，在文中搜索 “Lucy” 及与年龄相关表述，找到 “She is one year younger than me”，结合前文 “I’m 13 years old”，得出 Lucy 12 岁。针对问题 2，查找 “Amy” 和 “hobby” 相关内容，看到 “I like reading books and playing the piano”，确定答案。解答问题 3 时，快速浏览寻找 “on weekends”，发现 “We often go to the library together on weekends”，获取答案。 扫读结果： Lucy is 12 years old. Amy’s hobbies are reading books and playing the piano. They often go to the library on weekends. 例 3：旅游日记类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 July 15th Today I went to the beach with my family. The weather was sunny and warm. We built a big sandcastle and played beach volleyball. In the afternoon, we swam in the sea. It was really exciting! I took many beautiful photos. [读后问题] When did the writer go to the beach? What did they do in the afternoon? How was the weather? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，直接关注文章开头日期 “July 15th”，得到答案。针对问题 2，快速扫描 “afternoon” 相关内容，找到 “In the afternoon, we swam in the sea”，确定活动。解答问题 3 时，查找描述天气的词汇，发现 “The weather was sunny and warm”，获取答案。 扫读结果： The writer went to the beach on July 15th. They swam in the sea in the afternoon. The weather was sunny and warm. 例 4：产品说明书类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 How to Use the Digital Camera Turn on the camera by pressing the power button. Put in the memory card and battery. Point the camera at the object you want to photograph. Press the shutter button to take a photo. Review the photos on the screen. [读后问题] What should you do first to use the camera? How can you take a photo? Where can you review the photos? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，快速浏览步骤，找到 “1. Turn on the camera by pressing the power button”，确定第一步操作。针对问题 2，扫描与 “take a photo” 相关步骤，看到 “4. Press the shutter button to take a photo”，获取拍照方法。解答问题 3 时，查找 “review the photos”，发现 “5. Review the photos on the screen”，得到查看照片的位置。 扫读结果： First, you should turn on the camera by pressing the power button. You can take a photo by pressing the shutter button. You can review the photos on the screen. 例 5：故事类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 One day, Tom lost his schoolbag on his way to school. He was very worried. Then he went back to look for it. Finally, he found it under a big tree near the park. A kind girl was waiting for him there. [读后问题] What happened to Tom? Where did he find his schoolbag? Who was waiting for Tom? [策略分析】 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，快速定位关键动词 “lost”，找到 “Tom lost his schoolbag on his way to school”，了解事件。针对问题 2，扫描 “found” 及地点相关词汇，看到 “he found it under a big tree near the park”，确定书包位置。解答问题 3 时，查找人物信息，发现 “A kind girl was waiting for him there”，得到答案。 扫读结果： Tom lost his schoolbag on his way to school. He found it under a big tree near the park. A kind girl was waiting for Tom. 4. 猜测词义策略（Word-guessing Strategy） 【策略内容】 猜测词义策略是指在英语阅读过程中，当遇到不认识的单词时，通过挖掘上下文语境（context）、剖析构词法（word - building）（包括前缀、后缀、词根）、寻找同义词（synonyms）和反义词（antonyms）、参考【应用举例】说明（examples）等多种线索，推测生词含义的方法。运用该策略，能够避免因生词而中断阅读思路，保证阅读的连贯性，同时帮助学生在实践中扩大词汇量，逐步培养自主解决阅读中词汇障碍的能力，增强阅读的流畅性和自信心。 对于初中学生而言，猜测词义策略是突破阅读障碍的有效工具。在实际阅读中，学生遇到生词是常见现象，如果每次都依赖查字典，不仅会打断阅读节奏，还不利于培养自主阅读能力。 上下文语境是最常用的猜测线索，因为文章中的句子和段落之间存在紧密联系，通过前后文描述的事件、状态、行为等信息，学生能够合理推断生词含义，同时加深对文章整体内容的理解。通过不断练习猜测词义策略，学生在阅读中会更加自信，能够更流畅地理解文章内容，逐步提升英语阅读能力和词汇积累量。 【应用举例】 例 1：利用上下文语境猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 After a long day at school, Lily felt exhausted. She just wanted to lie on the bed and rest. [策略分析]“exhausted” 为生词，从 “After a long day at school”（在学校度过漫长的一天后）和 “She just wanted to lie on the bed and rest”（她只想躺在床上休息）可以推断出，Lily 在经历长时间学习后非常疲惫，所以 “exhausted” 意思是 “极其疲惫的”。通过上下文描述的状态和行为，学生能够理解生词与整体语境的关联，从而推测出词义。 例 2：借助构词法猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 The unhappy boy sat alone in the corner, not talking to anyone. [策略分析]“unhappy” 中 “un -” 是常见的否定前缀，表示 “不”，“happy” 是学生熟悉的单词 “开心的”，通过构词法可知 “unhappy” 意为 “不开心的” 。这种方法帮助学生利用已知的词根和词缀知识，快速理解派生词的含义，同时也能让学生在遇到类似构词形式的生词时，尝试自主分析词义。 例 3：依据同义词线索猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 The little girl was frightened, scared to move when she saw the big dog. [策略分析]“frightened” 是生词，但句中 “scared” 是学生可能熟悉的单词 “害怕的”，且 “frightened” 和 “scared” 并列使用，通过同义词线索可以推测 “frightened” 也是 “害怕的” 意思。在阅读中，当遇到生词与熟悉的同义词处于相似语境或并列结构时，学生可以借助同义词来理解生词含义。 例 4：通过反义词线索猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 This book is thick, not thin at all. [策略分析]“thick” 为生词，“not thin at all”（一点也不薄）中的 “thin”（薄的）是反义词线索，通过对比可知 “thick” 表示 “厚的” 。反义词线索能让学生在阅读中通过相反的描述来推断生词的含义，加深对词汇的理解和记忆。 例 5：利用【应用举例】说明猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 We saw many marine animals, such as whales, dolphins and sharks in the ocean park. [策略分析]“marine” 是生词，从 “such as whales, dolphins and sharks in the ocean park”（比如在海洋公园看到的鲸鱼、海豚和鲨鱼）这些【应用举例】可知，这些动物都生活在海洋里，由此推测 “marine” 意思是 “海洋的”。【应用举例】说明为学生提供了具体的实例，帮助他们将生词与实际事物联系起来，从而猜测出生词的含义。 例 6：综合线索猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 The invention of the smartphone revolutionized communication. Now people can easily talk to others far away, share photos and get information in a second. [策略分析]“revolutionized” 为生词，从 “Now people can easily talk to others far away, share photos and get information in a second”（现在人们可以轻松地与远方的人交谈、分享照片并瞬间获取信息）可知，智能手机带来了巨大的变化；同时 “revolution” 有 “革命” 的意思，“-ize” 作为后缀有 “使…… 化” 的含义，综合上下文语境和构词法线索，可以推测 “revolutionized” 意为 “彻底改变；使发生革命性变化” 。在实际阅读中，学生往往需要综合多种线索来准确猜测生词含义。 5. 分析推理策略（Analysis and Inference Strategy） 【策略内容】 分析推理策略是指在英语阅读过程中，读者依据文章中明确给出的字面信息，如具体描述、人物对话、事件发展等，同时调动自身已有的背景知识（background knowledge）和生活经验（life experiences），对作者隐含的意图（author's intention）、观点态度（viewpoint and attitude）以及文中未直接表述的内容（unstated information）进行深入的分析、推理和判断，从而理解文章深层含义（deep meaning）的阅读方法。该策略能帮助学生超越文字表面，培养逻辑思维能力（logical thinking ability）和批判性阅读能力（critical reading ability），真正实现对文章的深度理解。 对于初中学生来说，分析推理策略是提升英语阅读能力的重要方法。在阅读过程中，文章往往不会将所有信息和意图都直白地表达出来，这就需要学生主动思考，进行分析和推理。 通过结合字面信息与背景知识、生活经验进行推理，学生能够更深入地理解人物形象、情感态度、事件发展和作者意图。这种策略的运用有助于培养学生的逻辑思维能力。在推理过程中，学生需要梳理文章中的线索，找到信息之间的关联，进行合理的推导，这一过程锻炼了他们的思维逻辑性和条理性。同时，分析推理策略还能提升批判性阅读能力，让学生学会质疑、思考作者的观点，而不是仅仅被动接受信息，从而对文章形成自己独特的见解。长期练习分析推理策略，学生在阅读英语文章时会更加敏锐，能够捕捉到文字背后的深层含义，提高阅读的质量和效率，为更高层次的英语学习和文学鉴赏打下坚实的基础。 【应用举例】 例 1：人物品质推理 【阅读语篇】 Tom found a wallet on the school playground. There was a lot of money and a student ID card in it. Without hesitation, he took the wallet to the school office. The teacher praised him, but Tom just said, “It’s the right thing to do.” [策略分析]文章中直接信息是 Tom 在操场捡到钱包，里面有钱和学生卡，他毫不犹豫地交给学校办公室，面对老师表扬很谦虚。结合学生已有的生活经验，知道捡到他人财物应归还，以及主动归还失物是诚实、正直的表现，由此可以推断出 Tom 是一个诚实（honest）、拾金不昧（not pocket the money one picks up）且品德高尚（of high moral character）的人。同时也能推测出作者通过描述这个事件，意图是赞扬这种良好的道德行为，传递正能量。 例 2：情感态度推理 【阅读语篇】 Lisa looked at the broken vase on the floor. Her eyes filled with tears. She remembered how much her grandmother loved this vase. “I’m so sorry, Grandma,” she whispered. [策略分析]从 “looked at the broken vase”“eyes filled with tears”“remembered how much her grandmother loved this vase” 这些文字信息可知，Lisa 看到打碎的花瓶后流泪，想起祖母对花瓶的喜爱并道歉。学生根据生活中不小心损坏重要物品会感到难过、愧疚的经验，可以推断出 Lisa 此时内心充满了自责（self - reproach）和懊悔（regret）。也能推测出作者通过描写 Lisa 的神态、语言，想要表达出她对祖母的爱以及因打碎花瓶而产生的复杂情感。 例 3：事件结果推理 【阅读语篇】 It was getting dark, and Jack was still lost in the forest. He had been walking for hours, and there was no sign of the path. His water bottle was almost empty, and he started to feel scared. [策略分析]文章明确提到天色渐晚，Jack 在森林迷路，走了很久没找到路，水瓶快空且开始害怕。结合学生知道在野外迷路、缺少水源等情况的危险性这一背景知识，可以推理出 Jack 接下来可能会面临更多困难，比如因缺水而身体不适，在黑暗中更容易迷失方向，甚至可能遇到危险的野生动物等。也能推测出作者描述这些情况，是为了营造紧张氛围，暗示故事后续可能会朝着更惊险的方向发展。 例 4：作者意图推理 【阅读语篇】 Nowadays, many students spend too much time on their mobile phones. They play games, watch videos, and forget about their studies. This not only affects their grades but also their health. We should limit our phone use and focus more on learning and exercise. [策略分析]文中先指出学生过度使用手机的现象，以及带来的影响成绩和健康等问题，最后提出应该限制手机使用，专注学习和锻炼。学生根据日常了解的过度使用电子产品的危害等背景知识，能够推断出作者的意图是呼吁大家正确对待手机使用，合理安排时间，避免沉迷手机，从而拥有更健康、充实的学习生活。 例 5：观点态度推理 【阅读语篇】 Some people think that pets make a lot of mess at home. But I don’t agree. My dog, Max, always waits for me at the door when I come back from school. He follows me around and makes me feel less lonely. Having a pet is like having a best friend. [策略分析]文章先给出一些人对宠物的看法，再通过作者描述自己的狗 Max 等待自己、陪伴自己，让自己不孤单，把宠物比作最好的朋友这些信息。结合学生对宠物能带来陪伴和快乐的生活认知，可以推断出作者对养宠物持积极（positive）、喜爱（favorable）的态度，与前面提到的负面观点形成对比，突出作者自己的态度。 阅读理解（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案） 1 A boy who was cleaning shoes in the street said to a young man passing by,  “Let me clean your shoes. “The young man said, “No, thank you. ” “You may pay me only a pound, sir. ” Said the boy. But the young man refused again. Then the boy told him that he would clean his shoes for nothing. The young man agreed to this, and soon one of his shoes was shining brightly. The man put the other shoe on the boy, but the boy refused to clean it unless he was paid two pounds for his work. The young man refused to pay anything and went away. But the dirty one looked so bad that he couldn’t walk away. He had to turn back and gave the boy two pounds. In a very short time his shoes shone brightly. 1．The boy was a shoes ______. (   ) A．cleaner B．maker C．repairer D．seller 2．At first the young man refused to clean his shoes, because ______. (   ) A．he couldn’t pay B．he had not enough money C．he didn’t think it necessary D．he had just cleaned his shoes 3．Then the young man agreed to clean his shoes, because the boy asked for ______. (   ) A．two pounds B．one pound C．nothing D．few money 4．The boy refused to clean the second shoe, because ______. (   ) A．it was very dirty B．the young man paid only one pound C．it was difficult to clean D．he asked to be paid two pounds 5．The boy said he would clean the young man’s shoes for nothing just in order to ______. (   ) A．show his kindness B．help the young man C．get more money from him D．let everyone see 2 American people like to use “Thank you” whenever others help them or say something kind to them. People of many other countries do so, too. It is a very good habit. You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you something on the table, when someone walking ahead of you keeps the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives. “Excuse me” is another short sentence they often use. When you hear someone say so behind you, you know that somebody wants to walk past you. It’s not good to break in others while they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s all learn to say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”. 6．Americans ______ say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”. (   ) A．sometimes B．never C．ever D．often 7．Thank you is used ______. (   ) A．among all kinds of people B．only between friends C．between parents and children only D．only in family 8．When someone keeps the door open for you, you should say “______”. (   ) A．Thank you B．Excuse me C．Not at all D．OK 9．When you want to ask someone the way, you should say “______”. (   ) A．Hello B．Thank you C．Excuse me D．Can you tell me 10．What should you do when you want to make any unpleasant noise before others? (   ) A．I should say “I’m sorry. ” B．I should say,”Excuse me. ” C．I should go away at once. D．I should say,”Thank you. ” 3 Green Forest Primary school Help wanted! Science Lab Helper Would you like to be a helper in the science lab (实验室)? If you would like to play with rabbits, feed frogs and clean birdcages, then Miss Lin would like to hear from you! You can work from 3 to 4 p.m. on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. If you are interested, send an email to Miss Lin (sciencelab@school com). Explain why you should get this job! Cats carer Have you ever seen the homeless cats in our school? Do you want to take care of them? If you want to feed cats, then you should send an email to Miss Wu (catscare @school. com). You don’t need to bring your own cat food. Students meet after meals in the school canteen. Garden Assistant Do you want to water the plants? What kind of plants would you like to see? If you’re interested in learning about plants as well as birds, butterflies, and bugs, then you should send Mr. Wong an email (gardenclub@school. com). Students meet in the mornings before school in the garden. Volunteer for School’s Birthday Party Do you want to help our school get ready for its birthday party on June 20th? If you’re good at drawing, you could make posters. If you like to play with small children, you could plan fun activities for them in the playground. What would you like to do? Send an email to Mr. Chu (birthdayparty@school. com). There will be a meeting at 4:30 p. m. on June 5th for all volunteers in Room 415. 11．As a science helper, you don’t need to work on ______. (   ) A．Monday B．Tuesday C．Wednesday D．Friday 12．If you want to look after the homeless cats, you should give an email to ______. (   ) A．Mr. Chu B．Mr. Wong C．Miss Wu D．Miss Lin 13．Garden assistants probably need to water the plants ______. (   ) A．at 7：30 a. m. B．at 4：30 p. m. C．from 3 to 4 p. m. D．on June 20th 14．The students will ______ at the school’s birthday party. (   ) A．draw B．make posters C．play fun games D．have a meeting 15．Which of the followings is NOT TRUE? (   ) A．Green Forest Primary School provides cat food for the homeless cats. B．Green Forest Primary School will have a birthday party in Room 415. C．Mr. Wong can teach students something about plants, insects and birds. D．You can find animals in the science lab of Green Forest Primary School. 16．The students can probably read the four job advertisements ______. (   ) A．in the library B．in the garden C．at the entrance D．on the noticeboard 4 17．Students will be able to have a lecture on ______ this year. (   ) A．Marathon B．Tennis C．High jump D．Badminton 18．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? (   ) A．The sports. B．The choices. C．The picnic lunches. D．The trained instructors. 19．The school sports day will be on ______. (   ) A．June 3rd B．June 10th C．June 29th D．June 30th 20．Where can students sign up for the sports they want to play? (   ) A．In the gym. B．In the hall. C．In the playground. D．In the library. 21．Why does the school hold the sports day? (   ) A．To encourage students to study hard. B．To provide students free picnic lunches. C．To teach students how to choose lectures. D．To get students interested in sports and games. 5 Australia is the greatest island in the world. It is to the south of the equator. So when it is summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia. Australia is big, but the population there is thin. The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city of China. Australia is young and diverse nation and Australian people come from many different countries. Australia has many, many sheep. After a short drive from town, you will see sheep around you. You can also find kangaroo has a “bag” below its chest. The mother kangaroo keeps its baby in the “bag”. Australia is considered to be a relaxed, informal society(社会).When greeting others，students and young people say “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes they will say “How’s it going?” or “G day”. In more formal(正式的) situations they usually shake hands the first time they meet. “Good morning”, “Good afternoon” or “Pleased to meet you” are formal greetings. English is Australia’s national language. 22．Australia is the greatest island in the world. The word “island” may mean ______. (    ) A．国家 B．城市 C．山脉 D．岛屿 23．Australia has the same population as ______. (    ) A．Shanghai B．China C．Beijing D．Japan 24．When it is summer in Australia，it is ______ in China.  (    ) A．spring B．autumn C．winter D．summer 25．When Australian people meet for the first time, they will ______. (    ) A．kiss each other B．hug each other C．nod head to others D．shake hands 26．Which statement is right, according to the passage?(    ) A．Australia has a large population. B．Kangaroo is a kind of sheep in Australia. C．Young people always say “How’s it going?” or “G day” to greet others. D．When you drive in Australia, you can see many horses. 6 27．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? (   ) A．Sarah will stay in Beijing for five days. B．Sarah will have a busy and happy August. C．Sarah will have nine dancing lessons in August. D．Sarah will visit her grandparents on Friday afternoon. 28．What will Sarah do on 9th August? (   ) A．She will go back home. B．She will have a dancing lesson. C．She will give her mum a birthday present. D．She will visit her new school with her mum. 29．What places will Sarah visit in Beijing? (   ) A．Tian’anmen Square, the Great Wall and the Summer Palace. B．The Palace Museum, Tian’anmen Square and the Great Wall. C．The Palace Museum, the Great Wall and the Summer Palace. D．Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace. 7 Each morning a rich man found a poor man sitting on a park bench (长凳). The poor man always sat there, looking at the big hotel in which the rich man lived. One day, the rich man got out of his car and said to the poor man, “Excuse me, but I just want to know why you sit here and look at my hotel every morning.” “Sir,” said the poor man, “I am a failure (失败者). I have no money, no home. I sleep on this bench, and every night I dream that one day I’ll sleep in that hotel.” The rich man said, “Tonight your dream will come true. I’ll pay for the best room in that hotel for you a whole month.” A few days later, the rich man went by the poor man’s room to ask him how he was enjoying himself. To his surprise, he found that the man had moved out of the hotel, back to his park bench. When the rich man asked why, the poor man said, “You see, when I’m down here sleeping on my bench, I dream I’m up there, in that big hotel. It’s a wonderful dream. But when I was up there, I dreamed I was back to this cold bench. It was a terrible dream, and I couldn’t get any sleep at all.” 30．The poor man lived in _____ before he met the rich man. (   ) A．the hotel B．his home C．the park D．the car 31．Every morning, the poor man sat on the bench and _____. (   ) A．waited for the rich man B．looked at the rich man’s hotel C．looked at the rich man’s cat D．enjoyed the clean air 32．Every night the poor man dreamed of _____. (   ) A．sleeping in that hotel B．becoming rich C．owning that hotel D．being the rich man’s friend 33．The poor man moved out of the hotel because _____. (   ) A．he didn’t want to live in such a fine room B．he didn’t like the rich man C．he couldn’t pay for the room D．he couldn’t get any sleep at all there 34．In the end, the poor man found it _____ to sleep in the hotel. (   ) A．sorry B．nice C．wonderful D．terrible 8 Some day, you may go to the Moon. A tall rocket (火箭)will take you into space. The rocket flies a long way to a space station. You will stop there for a short time. Then a big spaceship will take you to the Moon. About three days later, the ship will go down slowly and land on the Moon. You will be on the Moon, but you won’t leave your spaceship. You must put on a space suit on the Moon. It is very hot in the day and very cold at night. If you don’t wear the space suit, you can’t live there. You will jump out of the spaceship and begin to walk. The Moon is much smaller than the Earth. The things on the Moon are much lighter than (比……轻) those on the Earth. You will jump high in the air every time you take a step. The Moon moves slowly, so one day on the Moon is as long as two weeks on the Earth and one night is just as long as two weeks on the Earth. It never rains on the Moon, and everything on the Moon is dry. There are no trees or other living things of any kind. There is nothing to do there. The Earth is a better place to live on, but scientists are trying to make the best use of the Moon. 35．—How can you go into space? (   ) —By_____. A．plane B．spaceship C．rocket D．space suit 36．How can you get on the Moon? (   ) A．By rocket I can go into space. B．It will take me a long time to get to the Moon by rocket. C．The rocket will take me to the space station and by spaceship I will get there. D．A and C． 37．According to the passage, which is right? (   ) A．Days are longer but nights are shorter on the Moon. B．Days are shorter but nights are longer on the Moon. C．Days are shorter than nights on the Moon. D．28 days on the Earth is as long as two days on the Moon. 38．There is no life on the Moon because _____. (   ) A．the Moon moves very slowly B．there is no water C．night is hotter but day is colder D．the Moon is much smaller than the Earth 39．On the Moon, it _____ rains. (   ) A．sometimes B．always C．often D．never 9 It is well-known that everyone has his or her own dream. Someone wants to be a bus driver, someone wants to be a film star, someone wants to be a pianist ... These kinds of dreams are very important. They can make people work hard. I had a dream when I was a child of six. I wanted to be a fireman. I thought the firemen in the films were brave and strong. They helped people put out the fire and saved their lives when they were in danger. Now I’m 15 years old. I like all my subjects and do well in all of them at school. Our teacher tells us about some children in western China. They want to go to school but they can’t. Their families are poor. I think that going to school is the only way to change their lives. Teachers are needed in western China, so I want to be a teacher there in the future. I will be kind to my students. I will teach them and care about them. I will be friends with them. I know it is not easy to make my dream come true. To be a good teacher needs a lot of knowledge. I will study hard and try my best. 40．What can make people work hard from this text? (   ) A．Dreams. B．Hobbies. C．Parents. D．Habits. 41．When did the writer want to be a fireman? (   ) A．At the age of 6. B．At the age of 5. C．When he was 16. D．When he was 15. 42．Why can’t some children in western China go to school? (   ) A．Because they don’t like studying. B．Because their families are poor. C．Because they’re busy. D．Because they like playing at home. 43．What is the only way to change the children’s lives in the writer’s opinion(想法)? (   ) A．Making dreams. B．Being brave and strong. C．Going to school. D．Being rich. 44．What does a good teacher need from the passage(文章)? (   ) A．A lot of students. B．A lot of money. C．A lot of dreams. D．A lot of knowledge. 10 Wilde                                              www. studentslife. com. start a topic (话题) 17：25 | Jun. 15, 2024 If you can have one more class at your school, what do you want to have?Why?         Justin19：03 | Jun. 15, 2024    I want to have sign language (手语). Many people have problems. We hearing don’t know what they want to tell us. It’s very helpful to learn sign language when we are young. And this can help us make friends with them.                                       ♥(18)         Lucy6：28 | Jun. 16, 2024    If it is possible, I want to learn how to use our time better. My classmates always sleep late because they can’t finish their homework on time. This class can help us learn how to do things quickly and save time to do more things. This can help us have a healthy life.                                 ♥ (11)         William22：11 | Jun. 17, 2024    A kind of class can help students understand themselves better. This class can help students find out who they are and what they want to do in the future. I did some interviews. And I know that many students don’t have dreams. In this class, students can understand themselves better and they will have their own dreams in life.                                         ♥(47)         Ben14：31 | Jun. 18, 2024    A class can teach us to keep ourselves safe. This can be useful when we need protect ourselves. Perhaps you will say we have P. E lessons. That’s enough. But P. E teachers tell us how to stay healthy by doing exercise. So we need another class to teach us to protect ourselves.                                     ♥(24) 45．There are ______ students give their answers to the questions. (   ) A．three B．four C．five D．six 46．Who did some interviews and know that many students don’t have dreams? (   ) A．Justin B．William C．Lucy D．Ben 47．According to the passage, which one is NOT RIGHT? (   ) A．Ben thinks P. E lessons can teach us how to keep ourselves safe. B．Lucy thinks many students sleep late because they cannot use time well. C．Justin wants to make friends with people have hearing problems. D．William wants to help students find their own dreams. 48．Justin wants to have another class that can help him ______. (   ) A．use time better. B．understand himself better. C．learn sign language. D．learn how to keep him safe. 49．From the passage, Richard thinks his work is ______. (   ) A．in a newspaper. B．in a science book. C．in a story book. D．on the Internet. 11 Everyone hopes to have a healthy lifestyle. But do you know what a healthy lifestyle is like? Here are some ways that can lead to (通向) a healthy lifestyle. ※Get active This is the most important way to have a healthy lifestyle. Walking, running and playing basketball and other sports will help you keep healthy. If your job needs long hours of sitting, get up often and walk. Don’t let laziness (懒惰) stop your body and mind. And be active at your workplace, around your neighbourhood and wherever possible. ※Keep clean Keep the places around you clean because cleanliness can create (创造) a healthy lifestyle. Unclean and untidy places can not only make you angry but also make you ill. ※Eat healthily Our health depends on our food, so everyone should remember to eat healthy food. The healthier food you eat, the healthier you will be. ※Live green This is the easiest way to live a healthy lifestyle. Plant trees around your house. Try your best to save water. And stop using things that are bad for the environment. 50．Which is the most important way to have a healthy lifestyle? (   ) A．Living green. B．Getting active. C．Eating healthily. D．Keeping clean. 51．How will unclean places make people feel? (   ) A．Happy but unhealthy. B．Happy and healthy. C．Angry but healthy. D．Angry and ill. 52．What do the underlined words “depend on” mean in Chinese? (   ) A．区别于 B．由……制成 C．依赖于 D．由……组成 53．Which of the following is NOT the example of living green? (   ) A．Save water whenever possible. B．Be active at your workplace and around your neighbourhood. C．Say ‘No’ to the things that are harmful to the environment. D．Plant trees around your house. 54．How many ways does the passage tell us to have a healthy lifestyle? (   ) A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 55．The passage tries to ______. (   ) A．show us ways of healthy lifestyles B．tell us to pay attention to water shortage (缺乏) C．show us how important health is D．tell us what healthy food is like 12 Saturday, March 24th We have arrived in the hot, wet city of Bangkok. This is our first trip to Thailand. We are going to eat something special for dinner tonight. The hotel we are staying in is a little expensive, so it’s very comfortable. It’s a wonderful place for visitors. We plan to stay here for a few days, visit some places in the city, and then travel to Chiang Mai (清迈) in the North. Tuesday, March 27th Bangkok is wonderful!The places are interesting. We visited the famous market which was on water, and saw a lot of fruit and vegetables. Everything is so colorful, and we have taken hundreds of photos already! Later today we will leave for Chiang Mai. We will take the train north, stay in Chiang Mai for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai (清莱). Friday, March 30th Our trip to Chiang Rai was long. We visited a small village in the mountains. The village people here love the quiet life﹣no computers or phones. They are the kindest people I have ever met. They always smile and say “hello”. Kathy and I can only speak a few words of Thai, so smiling is the best way to show our kindness. We feel good here and hope to be able to come back next year. 56．The writer has stayed in Thailand for ______ days in all. (   ) A．3 B．7 C．15 D．30 57．The weather in Bangkok is ______. (   ) A．hot and wet B．hot and dry C．cool and wet D．cool and dry 58．It seems that visitors ______ in Bangkok. (   ) A．often feel hungry B．can only find cheap things C．can’t take any photos D．can enjoy themselves 59．The people in the village ______. (   ) A．are friendly to others B．like to speak English C．are very weak D．hope to live in the cities 60．Kathy and I went to Chiang Rai ______. (   ) A．by plane B．by train C．by bus D．on foot 61．The best title of this article is ______. (   ) A．My First Travel B．The Outside World C．Traveling in Thailand D．A Country on the Train 13 Can plants talk? The answer is yes—but the pitch (音调) of their voices is too high for people to hear. A new study has found that plants “shout” when they are not getting enough water. In this study, some scientists grew three groups of tomato plants. The first group was watered. The second group was not watered. The third group was watered, but their stems (茎) were cut off. The scientists used microphones to record (记录) their sound. The plants in the first group were quiet. But the plants in the second and third groups made a lot of noise. In fact, a single plant can make about 30 to 50 such sounds per hour. The scientists found that many other plants also “shouted”. They included strawberry, grape and lemon. How do plants make these sounds? “It’s not clear yet, ”said Linda, one of the scientists. “But we think that air bubbles(气泡) break in the plant’s vascular system (维管系统). That may have caused the sounds. ” She said, “And we’re also looking at which animals might be listening to these sounds. ” 62．The “shouts” of the plants were too ______ for people to hear. (   ) A．loud B．quiet C．low﹣pitched D．high﹣pitched 63．Picture ______ shows what scientists did to the tomato plants. (   ) A． B． C． D． 64．Every hour, five plants can make ______. (   ) A．about 30 to 50 sounds B．about 20 to 80 sounds C．about 150 to 250 sounds D．about 80 to 1500 sounds 65．______ plants also make noises when under stress. (   ) ①strawberry        ②lemon       ③grape         ④potato A．①② B．①②③ C．①③④ D．①②③④ 66．According to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? (   ) A．The water bubbles may cause the sounds. B．Scientists know how plants make sounds. C．The animals break the air bubbles in the plants. D．The air bubbles break in the vascular system. 67．The scientists are also working on the question：______. (   ) A．How can people “talk” to plants? B．How can people record the “talking” of plants? C．Which animals may listen to the plants “talking”? D．What else may cause plants to “shout”? 14 To celebrate our 30th birthday, we are having a big sale! Children’s books Textbook Picture book Story book 25% off 30% off 20% off 20% discount (折扣) on all adults’ books! Amazing events in our birthday month: Time & Place Event Speaker 25 April, 4 pm Fanta Centre, 3F Introduction: The School Diaries Claire Tay, writer of the book 26 April, 1 pm Retro Mall, 2F Discussion: How to improve through reading Michael Hawes, English professor 28 April, 7 pm Winkle Mall, 1F Lecture: The most popular books of the year David Koh, director of the book store 29 April, 8 pm Fanta Centre, 3F Question & Answer: Face to face with a renowned writer Kate White, winner of many international awards Spend over $50 and get a chance to win a $10 gift card. Spend over $100 and get a chance to win prizes, from Nobel membership, e-dictionaries to concert tickets! 68．April is the birthday month of ________. (      ) A．Nobel Book Store B．Fanta Centre C．Retro Mall D．Winkle Mall 69．You can get the biggest discount on ________. (      ) A．adults’ story books B．all magazines C．children’s picture books D．all textbooks 70．________ will help you know more about the most popular books this year. (      ) A．Claire Tay B．Michael Hawes C．David Koh D．Kate White 71．The underlined word “renowned” means ________. (      ) A．new B．young C．humourous D．famous 72．If you spend $65, you will get a chance to win ________. (      ) A．an e-dictionary B．a $10 gift card C．Nobel membership D．a concert ticket 15 No one knows why we sleep, but it’s certain that we need to. People who are prevented (阻止) from sleeping begin to suffer obvious (明显的) effects after a few days-they think less clearly, and they fall asleep during the working hours. There are no rules about sleep. Generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night and probably more than 60 percent get between seven and eight hours. But perhaps eight percent are quite happy with 5 hours or less, and four percent or so find that they want ten hours or more. If you feel all right, you’re probably getting enough sleep. The important thing is not to worry how much other people get-their needs may be different. Exercise doesn’t seem to increase the need for sleep-office workers, for example, sleep for about as long as people doing physically active work. Children sleep more than grown-ups-perhaps 14 to 18 hours soon after birth, going down to grown-up levels by early teenage. Sleep patterns also tend (倾向) to be different in the old people, who may sleep less at night than they did when younger, find sleep getting more broken, and often make it a rule to sleep during the daytime. 73．Some people can’t think clearly because ________. (     ) A．they have bad memory B．they feel sleepy during the working hours C．they don’t have enough sleep D．they may be kept from going to bed 74．Whether you have got enough sleep is judged (判断) by ________. (     ) A．how many hours you have slept B．how many hours you need to sleep C．if you do exercise and physical work D．if you feel fresh and energetic 75．According to the passage, a boy of 18 years old sleeps ________. (     ) A．as long hours as a grown-up B．much longer hours than a grown-up C．for 14 hours each night D．for less than 8 hours each night 76．Which of the following is true according to the passage? (     ) A．All grown-ups must have at least eight-hour sleep. B．Most of grown-ups sleep for seven or eight hours. C．Quite a few people need 5 hours or less in sleep. D．No grown-ups sleep more than ten hours. 77．Who may sleep less during the night and have to take a nap during the day? (     ) A．Children B．Grown-ups C．Young people D．Old people 参考答案 1 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．C 【解析】本文讲述了擦鞋工男孩用自己的办法从年轻人那挣到钱的故事。 1．句意：男孩是一个______。A清洁工，B制作商，C修理工，D卖家。根据“A boy who was cleaning shoes in the street said to a young man passing by, “Let me clean your shoes. ””可知男孩是擦鞋工，故选A。 2．句意：起初，年轻人拒绝擦鞋，因为______。A他不想付钱，B他没有足够的钱，C他认为没有必要，D他刚擦了鞋。根据“The young man said, “No, thank you. ” “You may pay me only a pound, sir. ” Said the boy. But the young man refused again.”可知起初，年轻人拒绝擦鞋，因为他感觉没有必要，故选C。 3．句意：然后年轻人同意擦鞋，因为男孩什么都不要。A两英镑，B一英镑，C什么也没有，D几乎不要钱。根据“Then the boy told him that he would clean his shoes for nothing. The young man agreed to this, and soon one of his shoes was shining brightly.”可知年轻人同意擦鞋，是因为男孩什么都不要，故选C。 4．句意：男孩拒绝擦第二只鞋，因为______。A它非常脏，B年轻人仅仅付了一英镑，C擦起来是困难的，D他想要被付两英镑。根据“The man put the other shoe on the boy, but the boy refused to clean it unless he was paid two pounds for his work.”可知男孩拒绝擦第二只鞋因为他想让年轻人付两英镑，故选D。 5．句意：男孩说他什么也不要为年轻人擦鞋，是为了_____。A表达他的善良，B帮助年轻人，C从他那得到钱，D让大家看到。根据“Then the boy told him that he would clean his shoes for nothing. The young man agreed to this, and soon one of his shoes was shining brightly. The man put the other shoe on the boy, but the boy refused to clean it unless he was paid two pounds for his work.”可知男孩说他什么也不要为年轻人擦鞋，是为了从年轻人那挣钱。故选C。 2 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．B 【解析】美国人说谢谢你和打扰一下的场合。 6．句意：美国人在______说“谢谢”和“对不起”。A有时, B从不, C曾经, D经常。根据文中“American people like to use “Thank you” whenever others help them or say something kind to them.”可知每当别人帮助他们, 或对他们说些什么的时候, 美国人都喜欢说“谢谢你”。故选D。 7．句意：谢谢你被用在______。A在各种各样的人中, B仅在朋友之间, C仅在父母和孩子之间, D仅在家人之间。根据文中““Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives.”可知“谢谢你”不仅在朋友之间使用, 而且在父母和孩子之间, 兄弟姐妹之间, 所以用在各种各样的人中。故选A。 8．句意：当某人为你打开门时，你应该说“ ______”。A谢谢你, B打扰一下, C没关系, D好的。根据文中“You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you something on the table, when someone walking ahead of you keeps the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing.”可知当有人把桌子上的东西递给你, 当有人在你前面为你开门, 当有人说你工作做得很好, 或者你买了一个好东西时, 应该说“谢谢你”。故选A。 9．句意：当你想向某人问路时，你应该说“ ______”。A嗨, B谢谢你, C打扰一下, D你能告诉我。根据文中“ “Excuse me” is another short sentence they often use. When you hear someone say so behind you, you know that somebody wants to walk past you.”可知当你想向某人问路时要说“打扰一下”。故选C。 10．句意：当你想在他人面前发出任何不愉快的噪音时，该怎么办？A我应该说“对不起”。B我应该说“打扰一下”。C我应该马上走开。D我应该说“谢谢你”。根据文中“You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others.”可知这时应该说“打扰一下”。故选B。 3 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．B 16．D 【解析】本文主要是绿色森林小学的招聘广告。 11．句意：作为一名科学帮手，你不需要在______工作。A. 星期一。B. 星期二。C. 星期三。D. 星期五。根据“You can work from 3 to 4 p. m. on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. ”可知作为一名科学助手, 你不需要在星期二工作，故选B。 12．句意：如果你想照顾无家可归的猫，你应该给______发电子邮件。A. 朱先生。B. 王先生。C. 吴小姐。D. 林小姐。根据“If you want to feed cats, then you should send an email to Miss Wu(catscare @school. com).”可知如果你想照看这些无家可归的猫, 你应该发电子邮件给吴小姐，故选C。 13．句意：花园助理可能需要______给植物浇水。A. 上午7时30分。B. 下午4时30分。C. 下午3点到4点。D. 六月二十日。根据“Students meet in the mornings before school in the garden.”可知园艺助理可能需要上午7时30分给植物浇水，故选A。 14．句意：学生们将会在学校的生日派对上______。A. 画。B. 制作海报。C. 玩好玩的游戏。D. 开个会。根据“If you’re good at drawing, you could make posters. If you like to play with small children, you could plan fun activities for them in the playground. ”可知学生们参加学校的生日聚会将制作海报，故选B。 15．句意：下列哪一项是不正确的？A. 绿色森林小学为无家可归的猫提供猫粮。B. 绿色森林小学将在415教室举行生日聚会。C. 王老师可以教学生一些有关植物、昆虫和鸟类的东西。D. 你可以在绿色森林小学的科学实验室里找到动物。根据“There will be a meeting at 4：30 p. m. on June 5th for all volunteers in Room 415.”可知6月5日下午4：30将在415房间为所有志愿者举行会议而不是生日聚会，故选B。 16．句意：学生们可能会______都到这四则招聘广告。A. 在图书馆里。B. 在花园里。C. 入口处。D. 在布告栏上。根据文章可知这些是招聘广告, 应该出现在布告栏上，故选D。 4 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了诺丁汉学校运动会的海报的内容。 17．句意：今年学生们可以听关于_____的演讲。A马拉松，B网球，C跳高，D. 羽毛球。根据“Sign up for the following sports lectures：Marathon”可知学生们今年将有机会听马拉松讲座，故选A。 18．句意：加下划线单词“They”指的是什么？A体育运动。B选择。C野餐午餐。D受过训练的教员，根据“Sports lectures are given by trained instructors(训练导师). ”可知他们指的是受过训练的教员，故选D。 19．句意：学校运动会将会在_____举行。A六月三日，B六月十日，C六月二十九日，D. 六月三十日。根据“June 29th”可知学校体育日开始于六月二十九日，故选C。 20．句意：学生们可以在哪里报名参加想参加的运动？A在体育馆里。B在大厅里。C在操场上。D在图书馆里。根据“Sign up in the gym for the sports you want to play and in the library for the lectures you want to attend. ”可知学生可以在体育馆报名参加自己想参加的运动，故选A。 21．句意：学校为什么要举办运动会？A鼓励学生努力学习。B为学生提供免费的野餐午餐。C教学生如何选择讲座。D培养学生对体育运动的兴趣。根据文章内容可知学校举办运动会是为了培养学生对体育运动的兴趣，故选D。 5 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．C 【解析】本文介绍澳大利亚。 22．句意：澳大利亚是世界上最大的岛屿。“island”这个词可能意味着______。根据“Australia is the greatest island in the world.澳大利亚是世界上最大的岛屿。”可知，“island”这个词意思是岛屿。故选D。 23．句意：澳大利亚的人口与______相同。 A上海，B中国，C北京，D日本。根据“The population is the same as that of Shanghai，a city of China.其人口数量与中国的一个城市上海相当。”可知澳大利亚的人口与上海相当。故选A。 24．句意：当澳大利亚是夏天时，中国是______。 A春，B秋，C冬，D夏。根据“It is to the south of the equator.So when it is summer in our country，it is cold winter in Australia.它位于赤道以南。所以当我们这里是夏天的时候，澳大利亚那里就是寒冷的冬天。”可知，澳大利亚是夏天的时候，中国是冬天。故选C。 25．句意：当澳大利亚人第一次见面时，他们会______。A互相亲吻，B相互拥抱，C相互点头，D握手。根据“In more formal situations they usually shake hands the first time they meet.在更正式的场合，他们第一次见面时通常会握手。”可知，当澳大利亚人第一次见面时，他们会握手。故选D。 26．句意：根据文章，哪种说法是正确的？A澳大利亚人口众多。B袋鼠是澳大利亚的一种绵羊。C年轻人总是说“你好吗？”或“G日”来问候别人。 D当你在澳大利亚开车时，你可以看到很多马。根据“When greeting others，students and young people say “Hello” or “Hi”.Sometimes they will say “How’s it going?” or “G day” .可知，年轻人总是说“近况如何?”或“你好”来问候别人，故选C。 6 27．D 28．C 29．D 【解析】本文介绍萨拉的日历。 27．句意：下面哪个是不对的？ A萨拉将在北京待五天。B萨拉会度过一个忙碌而快乐的八月。C萨拉八月份要上九节舞蹈课。D萨拉将在星期五下午去看望她的祖父母。由日历可知萨拉将在星期五上午去看望她的祖父母。故选D。 28．句意：八月九日萨拉将做什么？A她将回家。B她将上舞蹈课。C她会给她妈妈买生日礼物。D她会和她妈妈一起参观她的新学校。由日历可知萨拉在8月9日会给她妈妈买生日礼物。故选C。 29．句意：萨拉将去北京参观什么地方？A天安门广场、长城和颐和园。B故宫博物院、天安门广场和长城。C故宫博物院、长城和颐和园。D天安门广场、故宫博物院和颐和园。由日历可知萨拉在北京将参观天安门广场、故宫博物院和颐和园。故选D。 7 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．D 【解析】本文介绍了穷人与富人的故事，讲述了梦想与现实的心理落差，说明有时梦想比现实更美好。 30．句意：穷人遇到富人前住在______。A酒店，B他的家，C停车场，D汽车，根据“Each morning a rich man found a poor man sitting on a park bench”以及“I sleep on this bench, and every night I dream that one day I’ll sleep in that hotel.”可知穷人遇到富人前住在公园，故选C。 31．句意：穷人每天早晨坐在长凳上______。A等着富人，B看富人的旅馆，C看富人的猫，D享受着清新的空气，根据“The poor man always sat there, looking at the big hotel in which the rich man lived.”可知穷人每天早晨坐在长凳上看富人的旅馆，故选B。 32．句意：穷人每晚梦想______。A睡在那家酒店里，B成为富人的朋友，C拥有那家酒店，D变得富有，根据“I sleep on this bench, and every night I dream that one day I’ll sleep in that hotel.”可知穷人每晚梦想睡在那家酒店里，故选A。 33．句意：穷人搬出酒店因为______。A他不想住在这么漂亮的房间里，B他不喜欢那个有钱人，C他付不起房租，D根本睡不着觉，根据“It was a terrible dream, and I couldn’t get any sleep at all.”可知穷人根本睡不着觉，故选D。 34．句意：最终穷人觉得睡在酒店里很______。A对不起，B太好了，C精彩的，D太糟糕了，根据“It was a terrible dream, and I couldn’t get any sleep at all.”可知穷人觉得睡在酒店里很糟糕，故选D。 8 35．C 36．D 37．D 38．B 39．D 【解析】本文描述的是假如去月球会发生的事情。 35．句意：—你怎样进入太空？—乘_____。A飞机，B宇宙飞船，C火箭，D太空服，根据短文“A tall rocket (火箭) will take you about into space.”可知是乘火箭进入太空，故选C。 36．句意：你怎样到达月球？A乘火箭我可以进入太空。B乘火箭到月球将花费我很长时间。C火箭会带我到太空站然后我乘宇宙飞船到达那里。DA和C。根据短文“A tall rocket (火箭) will take you about into space. The rocket flies a long way to a space station. You will stop there for a short time. Then a big spaceship will take you to the Moon.”可知先是火箭带你到太空站，然后宇宙飞船带你去月球，故选D。 37．句意：根据文章，哪一个是正确的？A月球上白天更长但夜晚更短，B月球上白天更短但夜晚更长，C月球上白天比夜晚短，D地球上的28天相当于月球上的两天，根据短文“The Moon moves slowly, so one day on the Moon is as long as two weeks on the Earth and one night is just as long as two weeks on the Earth.”可知月球上的一天和一晚都相当于地球上的两周，即月球上的白天和夜晚都比地球上长，所以28天相当于月球上两天，故选D。 38．句意：月球上没有生命是因为_____。A月球移动很慢，B没有水，C夜晚更热但白天更冷，D月球比地球小得多，根据短文“It never rains on the Moon, and everything on the Moon is dry. There are no trees or other living things of any kind.”可知月球上从不下雨，一切都很干燥，没有树木和其他生物，即没有水，所以没有生命，故选B。 39．句意：在月球上，_____下雨。A有时，B总是，C经常，D从不，根据短文“It never rains on the Moon”可知月球上从不下雨，故选D。 9 40．A 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．D 【解析】本文介绍梦想。 40．句意：从这段文字中可知什么可以使人们努力工作？A梦想。B业余爱好。C父母。D习惯。根据“These kinds of dreams are very important. They can make people work hard.They can make people work hard.”可知梦想可以使人们努力工作，故选A。 41．句意：这位作家什么时候想当消防员的？A在6岁的时候。B在5岁的时候。C当他16岁的时候。D当他15岁的时候。根据“I had a dream when I was a child of six.”可知是六岁的时候，故选A。 42．句意：为什么中国西部的一些孩子不能上学？A因为他们不喜欢学习。B因为他们的家庭很穷。C因为他们很忙。D因为他们喜欢在家玩。根据“They want to go to school but they can’t. Their families are poor.”可知他们的家庭很穷，故选B。 43．句意：在作者看来，改变孩子们生活的唯一方法是什么？A做梦。B勇敢而坚强。C去上学。D变得富有。根据“I think that going to school is the only way to change their lives.”可知作者认为上学是改变他们生活的唯一途径，故选C。 44．句意：从这篇文章中可知一个好老师需要什么？A很多学生。B很多钱。C很多梦想。D很多知识。根据“To be a good teacher needs a lot of knowledge.”可知一位好老师需要很多知识，故选D。 10 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 【解析】本文主要是关于学校课程的讨论。 45．句意：有______名同学给出了问题的答案。A三，B四，C五，D. 六。由所给信息可知贾斯汀，威廉，露西和本，一共四位同学给出了回答，故选B。 46．句意：谁做了采访并且知道了许多学生没有梦想？A贾斯汀，B威廉，C露西，D本。根据“I did some interviews. And I know that many students don’t have dreams.” 可知威廉做过一些访谈, 知道很多学生没有梦想，故选B。 47．句意：根据文章内容，哪一项是不正确的？A本认为体育课可以教会我们如何保护自己的安全。B露西认为许多学生睡懒觉是因为他们不能很好地利用时间。C贾斯汀想和有听力问题的人交朋友。D威廉希望帮助学生找到自己的梦想。根据“But P. E teachers tell us how to stay healthy by doing exercise. So we need another class to teach us to protect ourselves. ”可知本认为需要另外一门课教会我们如何保护自己的安全，故选A。 48．句意：贾斯汀想要另外一个可以帮他______的课程。A更好地利用时间，B更好地了解自己，C学习手语，D学习如何保护他的安全。根据“I want to have sign language (手语).”可知贾斯汀想再上一节课来帮助他学习手语，故选C。 49．句意：从这篇文章中可知，理查德认为他的作品______。A在报纸上，B在科学书中，C在故事书里，D在互联网上。从这段文字看, 理查德认为他的作品是在网上，故选D。 11 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．B 54．C 55．A 【解析】本文介绍了四种通向健康生活方式的方法：积极运动、保持清洁、健康饮食和绿色生活。 50．句意：哪种是获得健康生活方式最重要的方法？A绿色生活，B活跃起来，C健康饮食，D保持清洁。根据“Get active”标题下的“This is the most important way to have a healthy lifestyle.”可知活跃起来是获得健康生活方式最重要的方法，故选B。 51．句意：不洁的环境会让人感觉如何？A开心但不健康， B开心而且健康，C生气但健康，D生气而且生病。根据“Unclean and untidy places can not only make you angry but also make you ill.”可知不洁的环境会让人生气而且生病，故选D。 52．句意：划线词组“depend on”的中文意思是什么？A区别于， B由……制成，C依赖于，D由……组成。根据“ Our health depends on our food, so everyone should remember to eat healthy food. ”可知我们的健康依赖于我们的食物，故选C。 53．句意：以下哪项不是绿色生活的例子？A在任何可能的地方节约用水，B在你的工作场所，在你邻里间保持活跃，C对那些对环境有害的东西说“不”，D在你房子周围种树。根据“Plant trees around your house. Try your best to save water. And stop using things that are bad for the environment.”可知在工作场所，在邻里间保持活跃不属于绿色生活的话题，故选B。 54．句意：文章告诉我们多少种健康生活方式的方法？A2，B3，C4，D5。根据四个小标题对应4种健康生活方式，故选C。 55．句意：本文旨在______。A向我们展示健康的生活方式，B告诉我们关注缺水问题，C向我们展示健康多么重要，D告诉我们健康食物是什么样的。根据全文介绍的四种健康生活方式方法，故选A。 12 56．B 57．A 58．D 59．A 60．C 61．C 【解析】本文主要是关于泰国旅游的日记。 56．句意：作者在泰国一共待了______天。A 3，B 7，C 15，D 30。根据“Saturday, March 24th(3月24日, 星期六)Tuesday, March 27th(3月27日, 星期二)Friday, March 30th”可知作者星期六到的泰国, 星期五离开的, 所以在泰国总共待了七天，故选B。 57．句意：曼谷的天气是______。A又热又湿，B炎热干燥，C凉爽潮湿，D凉爽干燥。根据“We have arrived in the hot, wet city of Bangkok. ”可知曼谷的天气是炎热潮湿的，故选A。 58．句意：看上去游客在曼谷______。A经常感到饥饿，B只能找到便宜的东西，C无法拍摄任何照片，D可以尽情享受。根据“It’s a wonderful place for visitors. ”可知对游客来说, 曼谷是一个很棒的地方, 可以尽情享受，故选D。 59．句意：在农村的人们______。A对他人友好，B喜欢说英语，C都很虚弱，D希望住在城市里。根据“They are the kindest people I have ever met. They always smile and say “hello”. ”可知他们是作者见过的最善良的人, 对他人友好，故选A。 60．句意：凯西和我______去清迈。A乘飞机，B乘火车，C乘公共汽车，D步行。根据“We will take the train north, stay in Chiang Mai for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai .”可知可知Kathy 和我将乘公共汽车去清莱，故选C。 61．句意：文章最好的题目是______。A我的第一次旅行，B外部世界，C在泰国旅行，D火车上的国家。根据“This is our first trip to Thailand. ”可知这是作者去泰国的旅行，故选C。 13 62．D 63．B 64．C 65．B 66．D 67．C 【解析】本文主要描述了植物的声音。 62．句意：植物的声音太______导致人们听不见。A响亮的，B安静的，C低音的，D高音的。根据“Can plants talk? The answer is yes—but the pitch(音调) of their voices is too high for people to hear.”可知植物的声音太高, 人们听不见，故选D。 63．句意：图片_____展示了科学家们对番茄植物所做的一切。根据“The first group was watered. The second group was not watered. The third group was watered, but their stems(茎) were cut off.”可知第一组被浇水，第二组没有被浇水，第三组被浇水，但它们的茎被切断了。图片B符合，故选B。 64．句意：每小时, 五株植物可以发出大约_______。A大约30到50个声音；B大约20到80个声音；C大约150到250个声音；D大约80到1500个声音。根据“In fact, a single plant can make about 30 to 50 such sounds per hour. ”可知一株植物每小时可以发出大约30到50个声音，五株植物可以发出大约150到250个声音，故选C。 65．句意：_______植物在压力下也会发出噪音。①草莓；②柠檬；③葡萄；④土豆。根据“The scientists found that many other plants also ‘shouted’. They included strawberry, grape and lemon.”可知草莓、葡萄和柠檬在压力下也会发出噪音，故选B。 66．句意：根据最后一段，以下哪项陈述是正确的？A水泡可能会引起声音。B科学家知道植物是如何发声的。C动物会打破植物中的气泡。D气泡会在维管系统中破裂。根据“But we think that air bubbles(气泡) break in the plant’s vascular system(维管系统). That may have caused the sounds. ”可知气泡会在维管系统中破裂是正确的，故选D。 67．句意：科学家们也在研究的问题：_______。A人们如何与植物“交谈”？B人们如何记录植物的“谈话”？C哪些动物会听植物“说话”？D还有什么会导致植物“大喊大叫”？根据“And we’re also looking at which animals might be listening to these sounds. ”可知科学家还在研究哪些动物可能会听到这些声音，故选C。 14 68．A 69．C 70．C 71．D 72．B 【分析】本文主要介绍诺贝尔书店30周年庆的活动。 68．句意：四月是______生日。A诺贝尔书店，B范塔中心，C复古购物中心，DWinkle购物中心。根据标题及第一段“To celebrate our 30th birthday”可知四月是诺贝尔书店的30岁生日，故选A。 69．句意：您可以在________获得最大的折扣。 A成人故事书，B所有杂志，C儿童图画书，D所有教科书。根据第一个表格“Picture book 30% off”可知图画书有30%的折扣，是最大的折扣，故选C。 70．句意：________将帮助您更多地了解今年最受欢迎的书籍。 A克莱尔·泰，B迈克尔·霍斯，C大卫·科，D凯特·怀特。根据第二个表格“Lecture: The most popular books of the year”和“David Koh, director of the book store”可知大卫·科将会帮助你知道更多关于今年最受欢迎的书籍，故选C。 71．句意：划线单词“renowned”意思是______。A新的，B年轻的，C幽默的，D著名的。根据第二个表格“Face to face with a renowned writer”和“Kate White, winner of many international awards”可知凯特·怀特是一个获得很多国际奖项的作家，可推知renowned意为著名的，同famous，故选D。 72．句意：如果您花费65美元，您将有机会赢得________。A一本电子词典，B一张10美元的礼物卡片，C诺贝尔会员资格，D音乐会门票。根据“Spend over 10 gift card.”可知花费超过50美元可以得到机会去赢得10美元的礼物卡，故选B。 15 73．C 74．D 75．A 76．B 77．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了睡眠对我们很重要，文章就不同年龄阶段的睡眠时间模式进行了说明。 73．句意：有些人无法清晰地思考，因为_______。A他们记忆力不好，B他们在工作时间感到困倦，C他们睡眠不足，D他们可能被禁止睡觉，根据“People who are prevented (阻止) from sleeping begin to suffer obvious (明显的) effects after a few days-they think less clearly, and they fall asleep during the working hours.”，可知没有足够的睡眠的话会思考不清晰。故选C。 74．句意：你是否有足够的睡眠是由__________判断的。A你睡了多少小时，B你需要睡多少小时，C你是否做运动和体力劳动，D你是否感觉新鲜有活力，根据“If you feel all right, you’re probably getting enough sleep”，可知如果你感觉好，你可能已经睡够了。故选D。 75．句意：根据文章，一个18岁的男孩睡_______。A像成年人一样长时间，B比成年人长得多的时间，C每晚14小时，D每晚不到8小时，根据“Children sleep more than grown-ups-perhaps 14 to 18 hours soon after birth, going down to grown-up levels by early teenage.”，可知到了十几岁的时候，睡眠时间就降到了成年人的水平。故选A。 76．句意：根据文章，以下哪一项是正确的？A所有成年人都必须至少睡8小时。B大多数成年人睡七八个小时。C不少人需要5个小时或更少的睡眠。D成年人的睡眠时间不会超过十个小时。根据“Generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night and probably more than 60 percent get between seven and eight hours.”，可知超过60%的人睡7到8个小时。故选B。 77．句意：谁可能晚上睡得少，白天不得不小睡一会儿？A孩子。B成人。C年轻人。D老人。根据“Sleep patterns also tend (倾向) to be different in the old people, who may sleep less at night than they did when younger, find sleep getting more broken, and often make it a rule to sleep during the daytime”，可知老年人晚上可能睡得比年轻人少，他们通常会在白天睡觉。故选D。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读策略复习 内容导航 关键策略聚焦：核心能力回顾，查漏补缺 重点方法速记：分析路径梳理，拓展思路 复习强化提升：题型感知专练，全面突破 小升初英语必备的阅读策略 1. 预测策略（Prediction Strategy） 【策略内容】 在开始阅读前或者阅读过程中，同学们可以借助文章的标题、书中的图片、已经学过的知识，还有自己的生活经验，对文章讲了什么内容、故事怎么发展、作者想要表达什么观点等进行合理的猜测。这个策略能让大家更想读文章，带着问题和好奇心去阅读，从而更高效、更深入地理解文章。 预测策略在英语阅读里非常有用。不同的预测线索，像标题、首句、配图、小标题、体裁等，能帮助我们从各个方面对文章进行猜测。在阅读过程中，如果文章内容和我们预测的一样，我们就能更快明白文章意思，对文章的整体理解也会更牢固，还会更有信心去阅读；要是出现了和预测不一样的情节，也没关系，这反而会让我们特别好奇，更想弄清楚作者为什么要这样写，从而更深入地思考文章的含义和作者的想法。这种先预测再阅读验证的过程，改变了以前只是被动接受信息的阅读方式，让我们在阅读时一直积极思考，不仅能提高我们阅读理解的速度和深度，还能锻炼我们分析问题的能力，对我们学好英语阅读有很大的帮助 。 【应用举例】 例 1：从标题预测内容 例如，文章标题是 “My Unforgettable School Trip”。看到这个标题，我们可以预测文章会讲述作者一次难忘的学校旅行。可能会提到旅行去了哪里，在那里做了什么有趣的事，为什么这次旅行让人难忘等。 【阅读语篇】 Last month, our school organized a trip to a science museum. When we arrived, we were greeted by a huge dinosaur skeleton. The guide showed us around and explained many amazing things about space and animals. We even got to try some cool science experiments by ourselves. I will never forget the day I learned so many new things and had so much fun with my classmates. [策略分析]根据标题预测文章围绕难忘的学校旅行展开，扩展段落中 “trip to a science museum” 点明旅行地点，“saw a huge dinosaur skeleton”“tried science experiments” 等内容描述了旅行中的具体活动，“I will never forget” 强调了旅行的难忘之处，与预测的内容和方向一致。同学们在阅读时，因为之前的预测，会更关注这些体现 “难忘” 的细节，从而更好地理解文章是如何围绕主题进行叙述的，也能学习到如何描述一次活动经历。 例 2：依据首句预测情节 例如，段落首句为 “It was a sunny morning, and Emma found a small, injured bird in her garden.” 从这句话我们可以预测，接下来文章可能会讲 Emma 发现小鸟后做了什么，比如她怎么照顾这只受伤的小鸟，有没有带它去看兽医，最后小鸟的伤势有没有好转等。 【阅读语篇】 Emma felt sorry for the little bird. She carefully picked it up and took it inside. She made a soft bed for the bird using an old box and some cotton. Then, she called her father, who is a vet. Her father came home quickly and examined the bird. After a week of taking good care of the bird, Emma was happy to see it fly away again. [策略分析]由首句引发的预测，让同学们在阅读扩展段落时，聚焦于 Emma 照顾小鸟的过程。“picked it up”“made a bed”“called her father” 等一系列动作描述，符合预测中照顾小鸟的情节发展。通过这样的阅读，同学们能理解如何按照事情发展的顺序进行写作，同时也能在预测和验证的过程中，提高对文章情节连贯性的把握能力，知道每一个行为都是为了推动故事发展。 例 3：结合配图预测情感 例如，文章配有一张图片，画面中一个男孩站在舞台上，脸上带着紧张又期待的表情，手里拿着小提琴。文章标题是 “A Big Day for Tom”。结合图片和标题，我们可以预测文章会讲述 Tom 重要的一天，可能是他第一次在众人面前拉小提琴表演，在这个过程中他可能会遇到一些小状况，也可能表演很成功，最后表达出他在这一天的感受。 【阅读语篇】 Tom had been practicing the violin for months for this school music show. When his turn came, his hands were shaking a little. But as he started to play, the beautiful music filled the hall. Everyone listened quietly and clapped loudly at the end. Tom felt so proud and happy that he almost cried. It was truly the best day in his life. [策略分析]从图片和标题做出的预测，使同学们在阅读时关注 Tom 表演的过程和心情变化。“hands were shaking” 体现了他的紧张，对应预测中的小状况；“felt so proud and happy” 表达了他表演后的喜悦，符合预测中表达感受的部分。通过这样的预测和阅读分析，同学们不仅能理解文章内容，还能学会从人物的动作、表情等描写来体会人物的情感，提高对文章情感基调的感知能力。 例 4：利用小标题预测重点 例如，文章有小标题 “Our School's New Library”，前文提到同学们一直希望学校能有更好的阅读地方。由此我们可以预测，这部分内容会介绍新图书馆的样子，有哪些类型的书，同学们在里面可以做什么，新图书馆给大家带来了哪些便利等。 【阅读语篇】 The new library is on the second floor of our school. It has large windows that let in a lot of light. There are rows and rows of bookshelves with different kinds of books, like storybooks, science books, and magazines. We can read books there quietly, borrow books to take home, or even have reading clubs with our friends. Now, it has become the most popular place in our school. [策略分析]依据小标题和前文背景进行的预测，帮助同学们在阅读时快速抓住关键信息。“on the second floor”“large windows” 描述了图书馆的位置和外观；“different kinds of books” 介绍藏书情况；“read books”“borrow books”“have reading clubs” 说明了同学们能在图书馆进行的活动。通过这样的预测阅读，同学们能学会如何从标题和上下文获取文章重点，提高信息筛选和归纳的能力，更好地理解文章是如何围绕一个主题展开介绍的。 例 5：根据体裁预测表达方式 例如，文章是一首标题为 “My Pet Cat” 的小诗。基于我们对诗歌通常用优美的语言、生动的意象来表达情感的认识，以及标题内容，我们可以预测这首诗会描写小猫的样子、性格，诗人和小猫之间发生的有趣故事，从而表达出对小猫的喜爱之情。 【阅读语篇】 My cat is soft as a cloud, With eyes that shine like stars so proud. She chases toys all around the floor, And purrs loudly by my door. [策略分析]根据诗歌体裁和标题做出的预测，引导同学们在阅读时关注诗歌中描写小猫特点的意象。“soft as a cloud” 用比喻描写小猫柔软的特点，“eyes that shine like stars” 生动展现小猫眼睛的明亮，“chases toys”“purrs loudly” 描绘小猫的行为。同学们通过品味这些诗句，能更好地理解诗歌是如何用简洁而富有表现力的语言来表达情感的，提升对诗歌这种文学体裁的阅读理解能力和欣赏水平。 2. 略读策略（Skimming Strategy） 【策略内容】 略读策略指的是在阅读英语文章时，以较快的速度浏览全文，重点关注能够揭示文章关键信息的部分，如标题（title）、小标题（subheadings）、每段的首句（first sentence）和尾句（last sentence）、加粗（bold）或斜体（italic）等特殊标注的内容、图表（charts and graphs）及其说明文字等，从而快速获取文章的主旨大意（main idea）、核心观点（key points）、段落结构（paragraph structure），而不过多纠结于具体细节（details）。该策略常用于在短时间内了解文章的整体框架，判断文章是否符合阅读需求，为进一步的深入阅读或答题做准备 。 通过运用略读策略，初中学生面对各类题材和体裁的文章时，都能在短时间内梳理文章脉络，抓住主旨大意和核心观点。这不仅为后续精读文章、解答理解性题目打下基础，还能在日常阅读英语材料（如通知、新闻、推荐文章等）时，快速筛选出有用信息，逐渐培养高效的阅读习惯和信息处理能力，全面提升英语阅读素养。 【应用举例】 例1：校园生活文章略读 文章标题：My Colorful School Life 略读过程： 标题暗示文章将讲述丰富多彩的校园生活。 第一段首句 “Every day at school is full of surprises and fun for me.” 点明校园生活充满惊喜与乐趣。 第二段首句 “In the morning, I enjoy having different classes with my lovely teachers and classmates.” 尾句 “We learn new knowledge and discuss interesting topics together.” 可知该段围绕课堂学习展开。 第三段首句 “After class, there are many activities waiting for us.” 尾句 “These activities make my school life more colorful and meaningful.” 说明此段介绍课后活动。 文章结尾句 “I love my school life and cherish every moment here.” 表达对校园生活的喜爱之情。 略读结果：快速了解文章从课堂学习和课后活动两方面，展现了作者丰富多彩的校园生活及热爱之情。 例 2：健康知识文章略读 文章包含三个小标题：Why Exercise is Important、Good Eating Habits、Get Enough Sleep 略读过程： 三个小标题明确文章将从运动的重要性、良好饮食习惯、充足睡眠三个角度探讨健康知识。 每个小标题对应段落首句进一步展开，如 “Exercise helps us stay fit and strong, and it can also make us feel happy.”（运动重要性段首句）；“Eating healthy food is the key to a good life. We should eat more fruits, vegetables and less junk food.”（饮食习惯段首句）；“Sleep is like a magic repair for our body. Teenagers need 8 - 9 hours of sleep every night.”（睡眠段首句）。 略读结果：通过略读，迅速掌握文章围绕运动、饮食、睡眠给出健康生活的建议，清晰了解文章结构与核心内容。 例 3：旅游经历文章略读 【阅读语篇】 A Wonderful Trip to Beijing Last summer, I went to Beijing with my parents. It was my first time to visit this amazing city. We visited many famous places, like the Great Wall, the Palace Museum and Tiananmen Square. The Great Wall was so long and great. I felt so proud when I stood on it. The Palace Museum showed us the history and culture of China. I was really impressed by the beautiful buildings there. We also tried some delicious Beijing food, such as Peking duck. It tasted so good! I will never forget this wonderful trip to Beijing. [策略分析] 略读过程：加粗标题点明文章是关于北京之旅。快速浏览时，抓住 “visited many famous places”“tried some delicious Beijing food” 等关键短语，以及结尾句对旅行的总结。 略读结果：迅速得知文章讲述作者在北京参观景点、品尝美食的精彩旅行经历，以及难忘的感受。 例 4：科技发明文章略读 【阅读语篇】 The Amazing Invention - Smartphones Smartphones have changed our lives in many ways. First, they make communication easier. We can talk to people far away through calls, messages, or video chats. Second, smartphones provide us with a lot of information. We can search for knowledge, read news, and watch videos anytime, anywhere. Moreover, they are also great for entertainment. We can play games, listen to music, and take photos with them. Without smartphones, our lives would be much less convenient. [策略分析] 略读过程：标题表明文章介绍智能手机这一神奇发明。每段首句分别指出智能手机在沟通、获取信息、娱乐方面的作用，尾句总结智能手机让生活更便利。 略读结果：快速了解文章从沟通、信息获取、娱乐等方面，阐述了智能手机对生活的重要影响。 例 5：书籍推荐文章略读 【阅读语篇】 Recommend a Good Book - Charlotte's Web Charlotte's Web is a famous book that I really love. It tells a touching story about a pig named Wilbur and a spider named Charlotte. The writer uses simple and beautiful words to show the friendship between them. This book is suitable for all ages. It can make you laugh, cry, and think about the meaning of life. If you haven’t read it yet, I strongly recommend you to pick it up! [策略分析] 略读过程：标题显示文章是对《夏洛的网》这本书的推荐。通过略读，抓住 “tells a touching story”“show the friendship”“suitable for all ages”“strongly recommend” 等关键信息。 略读结果：迅速掌握文章介绍了《夏洛的网》的故事内容、主题、适合人群，并强烈推荐阅读。 3. 扫读策略（Scanning Strategy） 【策略内容】 扫读策略是指当我们带着明确的问题或特定的信息需求阅读英语文章时，通过快速浏览文本，在文中精准定位与问题相关的细节内容，而选择性忽略其他无关信息，从而高效获取所需答案的阅读方法。该策略常用于解答细节类题目、查找特定数据或信息，能够帮助我们在有限时间内快速、准确地找到关键信息，提升阅读效率和答题准确率。 运用扫读策略，不仅能提高学生解答细节类题目的效率和准确率，还能培养学生筛选信息、抓住重点的能力。长期练习扫读，有助于学生在大量英语阅读材料中快速定位所需信息，为更深入的阅读分析和语言学习奠定基础，同时也能提升学生在英语考试中应对细节题的信心和能力 。 【应用举例】 例 1：活动通知类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 English Speech Competition Date: June 20th, 2024 Place: School Hall Time: 9:00 a.m. - 11:30 a.m. Participants: Students from Grade 7 - 9 Registration Deadline: June 15th, 2024 Contact: Miss Li at 123 - 4567 - 8901 [读后问题] Where will the English speech competition be held? Who can take part in the competition? What’s the phone number of the contact person? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 对于问题 1，在文章中快速扫描与地点相关的词汇，迅速定位到 “Place: School Hall”，找到答案。针对问题 2，聚焦 “Participants” 关键词，看到 “Students from Grade 7 - 9”，获取答案。解答问题 3 时，通过查找 “Contact”，锁定 “Miss Li at 123 - 4567 - 8901”，得到联系人电话号码。 扫读结果： The competition will be held in the School Hall. Students from Grade 7 - 9 can take part in it. The phone number of the contact person is 123 - 4567 - 8901. 例 2：人物介绍类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 My name is Amy. I’m 13 years old and study in No.1 Middle School. I like reading books and playing the piano. My best friend is Lucy. She is one year younger than me and she loves drawing pictures. We often go to the library together on weekends. [读后问题] How old is Lucy? What’s Amy’s hobby? Where do Amy and Lucy often go on weekends? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，在文中搜索 “Lucy” 及与年龄相关表述，找到 “She is one year younger than me”，结合前文 “I’m 13 years old”，得出 Lucy 12 岁。针对问题 2，查找 “Amy” 和 “hobby” 相关内容，看到 “I like reading books and playing the piano”，确定答案。解答问题 3 时，快速浏览寻找 “on weekends”，发现 “We often go to the library together on weekends”，获取答案。 扫读结果： Lucy is 12 years old. Amy’s hobbies are reading books and playing the piano. They often go to the library on weekends. 例 3：旅游日记类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 July 15th Today I went to the beach with my family. The weather was sunny and warm. We built a big sandcastle and played beach volleyball. In the afternoon, we swam in the sea. It was really exciting! I took many beautiful photos. [读后问题] When did the writer go to the beach? What did they do in the afternoon? How was the weather? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，直接关注文章开头日期 “July 15th”，得到答案。针对问题 2，快速扫描 “afternoon” 相关内容，找到 “In the afternoon, we swam in the sea”，确定活动。解答问题 3 时，查找描述天气的词汇，发现 “The weather was sunny and warm”，获取答案。 扫读结果： The writer went to the beach on July 15th. They swam in the sea in the afternoon. The weather was sunny and warm. 例 4：产品说明书类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 How to Use the Digital Camera Turn on the camera by pressing the power button. Put in the memory card and battery. Point the camera at the object you want to photograph. Press the shutter button to take a photo. Review the photos on the screen. [读后问题] What should you do first to use the camera? How can you take a photo? Where can you review the photos? [策略分析] 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，快速浏览步骤，找到 “1. Turn on the camera by pressing the power button”，确定第一步操作。针对问题 2，扫描与 “take a photo” 相关步骤，看到 “4. Press the shutter button to take a photo”，获取拍照方法。解答问题 3 时，查找 “review the photos”，发现 “5. Review the photos on the screen”，得到查看照片的位置。 扫读结果： First, you should turn on the camera by pressing the power button. You can take a photo by pressing the shutter button. You can review the photos on the screen. 例 5：故事类文章扫读 【阅读语篇】 One day, Tom lost his schoolbag on his way to school. He was very worried. Then he went back to look for it. Finally, he found it under a big tree near the park. A kind girl was waiting for him there. [读后问题] What happened to Tom? Where did he find his schoolbag? Who was waiting for Tom? [策略分析】 扫读过程： 回答问题 1，快速定位关键动词 “lost”，找到 “Tom lost his schoolbag on his way to school”，了解事件。针对问题 2，扫描 “found” 及地点相关词汇，看到 “he found it under a big tree near the park”，确定书包位置。解答问题 3 时，查找人物信息，发现 “A kind girl was waiting for him there”，得到答案。 扫读结果： Tom lost his schoolbag on his way to school. He found it under a big tree near the park. A kind girl was waiting for Tom. 4. 猜测词义策略（Word-guessing Strategy） 【策略内容】 猜测词义策略是指在英语阅读过程中，当遇到不认识的单词时，通过挖掘上下文语境（context）、剖析构词法（word - building）（包括前缀、后缀、词根）、寻找同义词（synonyms）和反义词（antonyms）、参考【应用举例】说明（examples）等多种线索，推测生词含义的方法。运用该策略，能够避免因生词而中断阅读思路，保证阅读的连贯性，同时帮助学生在实践中扩大词汇量，逐步培养自主解决阅读中词汇障碍的能力，增强阅读的流畅性和自信心。 对于初中学生而言，猜测词义策略是突破阅读障碍的有效工具。在实际阅读中，学生遇到生词是常见现象，如果每次都依赖查字典，不仅会打断阅读节奏，还不利于培养自主阅读能力。 上下文语境是最常用的猜测线索，因为文章中的句子和段落之间存在紧密联系，通过前后文描述的事件、状态、行为等信息，学生能够合理推断生词含义，同时加深对文章整体内容的理解。通过不断练习猜测词义策略，学生在阅读中会更加自信，能够更流畅地理解文章内容，逐步提升英语阅读能力和词汇积累量。 【应用举例】 例 1：利用上下文语境猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 After a long day at school, Lily felt exhausted. She just wanted to lie on the bed and rest. [策略分析]“exhausted” 为生词，从 “After a long day at school”（在学校度过漫长的一天后）和 “She just wanted to lie on the bed and rest”（她只想躺在床上休息）可以推断出，Lily 在经历长时间学习后非常疲惫，所以 “exhausted” 意思是 “极其疲惫的”。通过上下文描述的状态和行为，学生能够理解生词与整体语境的关联，从而推测出词义。 例 2：借助构词法猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 The unhappy boy sat alone in the corner, not talking to anyone. [策略分析]“unhappy” 中 “un -” 是常见的否定前缀，表示 “不”，“happy” 是学生熟悉的单词 “开心的”，通过构词法可知 “unhappy” 意为 “不开心的” 。这种方法帮助学生利用已知的词根和词缀知识，快速理解派生词的含义，同时也能让学生在遇到类似构词形式的生词时，尝试自主分析词义。 例 3：依据同义词线索猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 The little girl was frightened, scared to move when she saw the big dog. [策略分析]“frightened” 是生词，但句中 “scared” 是学生可能熟悉的单词 “害怕的”，且 “frightened” 和 “scared” 并列使用，通过同义词线索可以推测 “frightened” 也是 “害怕的” 意思。在阅读中，当遇到生词与熟悉的同义词处于相似语境或并列结构时，学生可以借助同义词来理解生词含义。 例 4：通过反义词线索猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 This book is thick, not thin at all. [策略分析]“thick” 为生词，“not thin at all”（一点也不薄）中的 “thin”（薄的）是反义词线索，通过对比可知 “thick” 表示 “厚的” 。反义词线索能让学生在阅读中通过相反的描述来推断生词的含义，加深对词汇的理解和记忆。 例 5：利用【应用举例】说明猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 We saw many marine animals, such as whales, dolphins and sharks in the ocean park. [策略分析]“marine” 是生词，从 “such as whales, dolphins and sharks in the ocean park”（比如在海洋公园看到的鲸鱼、海豚和鲨鱼）这些【应用举例】可知，这些动物都生活在海洋里，由此推测 “marine” 意思是 “海洋的”。【应用举例】说明为学生提供了具体的实例，帮助他们将生词与实际事物联系起来，从而猜测出生词的含义。 例 6：综合线索猜测词义 【阅读语篇】 The invention of the smartphone revolutionized communication. Now people can easily talk to others far away, share photos and get information in a second. [策略分析]“revolutionized” 为生词，从 “Now people can easily talk to others far away, share photos and get information in a second”（现在人们可以轻松地与远方的人交谈、分享照片并瞬间获取信息）可知，智能手机带来了巨大的变化；同时 “revolution” 有 “革命” 的意思，“-ize” 作为后缀有 “使…… 化” 的含义，综合上下文语境和构词法线索，可以推测 “revolutionized” 意为 “彻底改变；使发生革命性变化” 。在实际阅读中，学生往往需要综合多种线索来准确猜测生词含义。 5. 分析推理策略（Analysis and Inference Strategy） 【策略内容】 分析推理策略是指在英语阅读过程中，读者依据文章中明确给出的字面信息，如具体描述、人物对话、事件发展等，同时调动自身已有的背景知识（background knowledge）和生活经验（life experiences），对作者隐含的意图（author's intention）、观点态度（viewpoint and attitude）以及文中未直接表述的内容（unstated information）进行深入的分析、推理和判断，从而理解文章深层含义（deep meaning）的阅读方法。该策略能帮助学生超越文字表面，培养逻辑思维能力（logical thinking ability）和批判性阅读能力（critical reading ability），真正实现对文章的深度理解。 对于初中学生来说，分析推理策略是提升英语阅读能力的重要方法。在阅读过程中，文章往往不会将所有信息和意图都直白地表达出来，这就需要学生主动思考，进行分析和推理。 通过结合字面信息与背景知识、生活经验进行推理，学生能够更深入地理解人物形象、情感态度、事件发展和作者意图。这种策略的运用有助于培养学生的逻辑思维能力。在推理过程中，学生需要梳理文章中的线索，找到信息之间的关联，进行合理的推导，这一过程锻炼了他们的思维逻辑性和条理性。同时，分析推理策略还能提升批判性阅读能力，让学生学会质疑、思考作者的观点，而不是仅仅被动接受信息，从而对文章形成自己独特的见解。长期练习分析推理策略，学生在阅读英语文章时会更加敏锐，能够捕捉到文字背后的深层含义，提高阅读的质量和效率，为更高层次的英语学习和文学鉴赏打下坚实的基础。 【应用举例】 例 1：人物品质推理 【阅读语篇】 Tom found a wallet on the school playground. There was a lot of money and a student ID card in it. Without hesitation, he took the wallet to the school office. The teacher praised him, but Tom just said, “It’s the right thing to do.” [策略分析]文章中直接信息是 Tom 在操场捡到钱包，里面有钱和学生卡，他毫不犹豫地交给学校办公室，面对老师表扬很谦虚。结合学生已有的生活经验，知道捡到他人财物应归还，以及主动归还失物是诚实、正直的表现，由此可以推断出 Tom 是一个诚实（honest）、拾金不昧（not pocket the money one picks up）且品德高尚（of high moral character）的人。同时也能推测出作者通过描述这个事件，意图是赞扬这种良好的道德行为，传递正能量。 例 2：情感态度推理 【阅读语篇】 Lisa looked at the broken vase on the floor. Her eyes filled with tears. She remembered how much her grandmother loved this vase. “I’m so sorry, Grandma,” she whispered. [策略分析]从 “looked at the broken vase”“eyes filled with tears”“remembered how much her grandmother loved this vase” 这些文字信息可知，Lisa 看到打碎的花瓶后流泪，想起祖母对花瓶的喜爱并道歉。学生根据生活中不小心损坏重要物品会感到难过、愧疚的经验，可以推断出 Lisa 此时内心充满了自责（self - reproach）和懊悔（regret）。也能推测出作者通过描写 Lisa 的神态、语言，想要表达出她对祖母的爱以及因打碎花瓶而产生的复杂情感。 例 3：事件结果推理 【阅读语篇】 It was getting dark, and Jack was still lost in the forest. He had been walking for hours, and there was no sign of the path. His water bottle was almost empty, and he started to feel scared. [策略分析]文章明确提到天色渐晚，Jack 在森林迷路，走了很久没找到路，水瓶快空且开始害怕。结合学生知道在野外迷路、缺少水源等情况的危险性这一背景知识，可以推理出 Jack 接下来可能会面临更多困难，比如因缺水而身体不适，在黑暗中更容易迷失方向，甚至可能遇到危险的野生动物等。也能推测出作者描述这些情况，是为了营造紧张氛围，暗示故事后续可能会朝着更惊险的方向发展。 例 4：作者意图推理 【阅读语篇】 Nowadays, many students spend too much time on their mobile phones. They play games, watch videos, and forget about their studies. This not only affects their grades but also their health. We should limit our phone use and focus more on learning and exercise. [策略分析]文中先指出学生过度使用手机的现象，以及带来的影响成绩和健康等问题，最后提出应该限制手机使用，专注学习和锻炼。学生根据日常了解的过度使用电子产品的危害等背景知识，能够推断出作者的意图是呼吁大家正确对待手机使用，合理安排时间，避免沉迷手机，从而拥有更健康、充实的学习生活。 例 5：观点态度推理 【阅读语篇】 Some people think that pets make a lot of mess at home. But I don’t agree. My dog, Max, always waits for me at the door when I come back from school. He follows me around and makes me feel less lonely. Having a pet is like having a best friend. [策略分析]文章先给出一些人对宠物的看法，再通过作者描述自己的狗 Max 等待自己、陪伴自己，让自己不孤单，把宠物比作最好的朋友这些信息。结合学生对宠物能带来陪伴和快乐的生活认知，可以推断出作者对养宠物持积极（positive）、喜爱（favorable）的态度，与前面提到的负面观点形成对比，突出作者自己的态度。 阅读理解（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案） 1 A boy who was cleaning shoes in the street said to a young man passing by,  “Let me clean your shoes. “The young man said, “No, thank you. ” “You may pay me only a pound, sir. ” Said the boy. But the young man refused again. Then the boy told him that he would clean his shoes for nothing. The young man agreed to this, and soon one of his shoes was shining brightly. The man put the other shoe on the boy, but the boy refused to clean it unless he was paid two pounds for his work. The young man refused to pay anything and went away. But the dirty one looked so bad that he couldn’t walk away. He had to turn back and gave the boy two pounds. In a very short time his shoes shone brightly. 1．The boy was a shoes ______. (   ) A．cleaner B．maker C．repairer D．seller 2．At first the young man refused to clean his shoes, because ______. (   ) A．he couldn’t pay B．he had not enough money C．he didn’t think it necessary D．he had just cleaned his shoes 3．Then the young man agreed to clean his shoes, because the boy asked for ______. (   ) A．two pounds B．one pound C．nothing D．few money 4．The boy refused to clean the second shoe, because ______. (   ) A．it was very dirty B．the young man paid only one pound C．it was difficult to clean D．he asked to be paid two pounds 5．The boy said he would clean the young man’s shoes for nothing just in order to ______. (   ) A．show his kindness B．help the young man C．get more money from him D．let everyone see 2 American people like to use “Thank you” whenever others help them or say something kind to them. People of many other countries do so, too. It is a very good habit. You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you something on the table, when someone walking ahead of you keeps the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives. “Excuse me” is another short sentence they often use. When you hear someone say so behind you, you know that somebody wants to walk past you. It’s not good to break in others while they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s all learn to say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”. 6．Americans ______ say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”. (   ) A．sometimes B．never C．ever D．often 7．Thank you is used ______. (   ) A．among all kinds of people B．only between friends C．between parents and children only D．only in family 8．When someone keeps the door open for you, you should say “______”. (   ) A．Thank you B．Excuse me C．Not at all D．OK 9．When you want to ask someone the way, you should say “______”. (   ) A．Hello B．Thank you C．Excuse me D．Can you tell me 10．What should you do when you want to make any unpleasant noise before others? (   ) A．I should say “I’m sorry. ” B．I should say,”Excuse me. ” C．I should go away at once. D．I should say,”Thank you. ” 3 Green Forest Primary school Help wanted! Science Lab Helper Would you like to be a helper in the science lab (实验室)? If you would like to play with rabbits, feed frogs and clean birdcages, then Miss Lin would like to hear from you! You can work from 3 to 4 p.m. on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. If you are interested, send an email to Miss Lin (sciencelab@school com). Explain why you should get this job! Cats carer Have you ever seen the homeless cats in our school? Do you want to take care of them? If you want to feed cats, then you should send an email to Miss Wu (catscare @school. com). You don’t need to bring your own cat food. Students meet after meals in the school canteen. Garden Assistant Do you want to water the plants? What kind of plants would you like to see? If you’re interested in learning about plants as well as birds, butterflies, and bugs, then you should send Mr. Wong an email (gardenclub@school. com). Students meet in the mornings before school in the garden. Volunteer for School’s Birthday Party Do you want to help our school get ready for its birthday party on June 20th? If you’re good at drawing, you could make posters. If you like to play with small children, you could plan fun activities for them in the playground. What would you like to do? Send an email to Mr. Chu (birthdayparty@school. com). There will be a meeting at 4:30 p. m. on June 5th for all volunteers in Room 415. 11．As a science helper, you don’t need to work on ______. (   ) A．Monday B．Tuesday C．Wednesday D．Friday 12．If you want to look after the homeless cats, you should give an email to ______. (   ) A．Mr. Chu B．Mr. Wong C．Miss Wu D．Miss Lin 13．Garden assistants probably need to water the plants ______. (   ) A．at 7：30 a. m. B．at 4：30 p. m. C．from 3 to 4 p. m. D．on June 20th 14．The students will ______ at the school’s birthday party. (   ) A．draw B．make posters C．play fun games D．have a meeting 15．Which of the followings is NOT TRUE? (   ) A．Green Forest Primary School provides cat food for the homeless cats. B．Green Forest Primary School will have a birthday party in Room 415. C．Mr. Wong can teach students something about plants, insects and birds. D．You can find animals in the science lab of Green Forest Primary School. 16．The students can probably read the four job advertisements ______. (   ) A．in the library B．in the garden C．at the entrance D．on the noticeboard 4 17．Students will be able to have a lecture on ______ this year. (   ) A．Marathon B．Tennis C．High jump D．Badminton 18．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? (   ) A．The sports. B．The choices. C．The picnic lunches. D．The trained instructors. 19．The school sports day will be on ______. (   ) A．June 3rd B．June 10th C．June 29th D．June 30th 20．Where can students sign up for the sports they want to play? (   ) A．In the gym. B．In the hall. C．In the playground. D．In the library. 21．Why does the school hold the sports day? (   ) A．To encourage students to study hard. B．To provide students free picnic lunches. C．To teach students how to choose lectures. D．To get students interested in sports and games. 5 Australia is the greatest island in the world. It is to the south of the equator. So when it is summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia. Australia is big, but the population there is thin. The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city of China. Australia is young and diverse nation and Australian people come from many different countries. Australia has many, many sheep. After a short drive from town, you will see sheep around you. You can also find kangaroo has a “bag” below its chest. The mother kangaroo keeps its baby in the “bag”. Australia is considered to be a relaxed, informal society(社会).When greeting others，students and young people say “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes they will say “How’s it going?” or “G day”. In more formal(正式的) situations they usually shake hands the first time they meet. “Good morning”, “Good afternoon” or “Pleased to meet you” are formal greetings. English is Australia’s national language. 22．Australia is the greatest island in the world. The word “island” may mean ______. (    ) A．国家 B．城市 C．山脉 D．岛屿 23．Australia has the same population as ______. (    ) A．Shanghai B．China C．Beijing D．Japan 24．When it is summer in Australia，it is ______ in China.  (    ) A．spring B．autumn C．winter D．summer 25．When Australian people meet for the first time, they will ______. (    ) A．kiss each other B．hug each other C．nod head to others D．shake hands 26．Which statement is right, according to the passage?(    ) A．Australia has a large population. B．Kangaroo is a kind of sheep in Australia. C．Young people always say “How’s it going?” or “G day” to greet others. D．When you drive in Australia, you can see many horses. 6 27．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? (   ) A．Sarah will stay in Beijing for five days. B．Sarah will have a busy and happy August. C．Sarah will have nine dancing lessons in August. D．Sarah will visit her grandparents on Friday afternoon. 28．What will Sarah do on 9th August? (   ) A．She will go back home. B．She will have a dancing lesson. C．She will give her mum a birthday present. D．She will visit her new school with her mum. 29．What places will Sarah visit in Beijing? (   ) A．Tian’anmen Square, the Great Wall and the Summer Palace. B．The Palace Museum, Tian’anmen Square and the Great Wall. C．The Palace Museum, the Great Wall and the Summer Palace. D．Tian’anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace. 7 Each morning a rich man found a poor man sitting on a park bench (长凳). The poor man always sat there, looking at the big hotel in which the rich man lived. One day, the rich man got out of his car and said to the poor man, “Excuse me, but I just want to know why you sit here and look at my hotel every morning.” “Sir,” said the poor man, “I am a failure (失败者). I have no money, no home. I sleep on this bench, and every night I dream that one day I’ll sleep in that hotel.” The rich man said, “Tonight your dream will come true. I’ll pay for the best room in that hotel for you a whole month.” A few days later, the rich man went by the poor man’s room to ask him how he was enjoying himself. To his surprise, he found that the man had moved out of the hotel, back to his park bench. When the rich man asked why, the poor man said, “You see, when I’m down here sleeping on my bench, I dream I’m up there, in that big hotel. It’s a wonderful dream. But when I was up there, I dreamed I was back to this cold bench. It was a terrible dream, and I couldn’t get any sleep at all.” 30．The poor man lived in _____ before he met the rich man. (   ) A．the hotel B．his home C．the park D．the car 31．Every morning, the poor man sat on the bench and _____. (   ) A．waited for the rich man B．looked at the rich man’s hotel C．looked at the rich man’s cat D．enjoyed the clean air 32．Every night the poor man dreamed of _____. (   ) A．sleeping in that hotel B．becoming rich C．owning that hotel D．being the rich man’s friend 33．The poor man moved out of the hotel because _____. (   ) A．he didn’t want to live in such a fine room B．he didn’t like the rich man C．he couldn’t pay for the room D．he couldn’t get any sleep at all there 34．In the end, the poor man found it _____ to sleep in the hotel. (   ) A．sorry B．nice C．wonderful D．terrible 8 Some day, you may go to the Moon. A tall rocket (火箭)will take you into space. The rocket flies a long way to a space station. You will stop there for a short time. Then a big spaceship will take you to the Moon. About three days later, the ship will go down slowly and land on the Moon. You will be on the Moon, but you won’t leave your spaceship. You must put on a space suit on the Moon. It is very hot in the day and very cold at night. If you don’t wear the space suit, you can’t live there. You will jump out of the spaceship and begin to walk. The Moon is much smaller than the Earth. The things on the Moon are much lighter than (比……轻) those on the Earth. You will jump high in the air every time you take a step. The Moon moves slowly, so one day on the Moon is as long as two weeks on the Earth and one night is just as long as two weeks on the Earth. It never rains on the Moon, and everything on the Moon is dry. There are no trees or other living things of any kind. There is nothing to do there. The Earth is a better place to live on, but scientists are trying to make the best use of the Moon. 35．—How can you go into space? (   ) —By_____. A．plane B．spaceship C．rocket D．space suit 36．How can you get on the Moon? (   ) A．By rocket I can go into space. B．It will take me a long time to get to the Moon by rocket. C．The rocket will take me to the space station and by spaceship I will get there. D．A and C． 37．According to the passage, which is right? (   ) A．Days are longer but nights are shorter on the Moon. B．Days are shorter but nights are longer on the Moon. C．Days are shorter than nights on the Moon. D．28 days on the Earth is as long as two days on the Moon. 38．There is no life on the Moon because _____. (   ) A．the Moon moves very slowly B．there is no water C．night is hotter but day is colder D．the Moon is much smaller than the Earth 39．On the Moon, it _____ rains. (   ) A．sometimes B．always C．often D．never 9 It is well-known that everyone has his or her own dream. Someone wants to be a bus driver, someone wants to be a film star, someone wants to be a pianist ... These kinds of dreams are very important. They can make people work hard. I had a dream when I was a child of six. I wanted to be a fireman. I thought the firemen in the films were brave and strong. They helped people put out the fire and saved their lives when they were in danger. Now I’m 15 years old. I like all my subjects and do well in all of them at school. Our teacher tells us about some children in western China. They want to go to school but they can’t. Their families are poor. I think that going to school is the only way to change their lives. Teachers are needed in western China, so I want to be a teacher there in the future. I will be kind to my students. I will teach them and care about them. I will be friends with them. I know it is not easy to make my dream come true. To be a good teacher needs a lot of knowledge. I will study hard and try my best. 40．What can make people work hard from this text? (   ) A．Dreams. B．Hobbies. C．Parents. D．Habits. 41．When did the writer want to be a fireman? (   ) A．At the age of 6. B．At the age of 5. C．When he was 16. D．When he was 15. 42．Why can’t some children in western China go to school? (   ) A．Because they don’t like studying. B．Because their families are poor. C．Because they’re busy. D．Because they like playing at home. 43．What is the only way to change the children’s lives in the writer’s opinion(想法)? (   ) A．Making dreams. B．Being brave and strong. C．Going to school. D．Being rich. 44．What does a good teacher need from the passage(文章)? (   ) A．A lot of students. B．A lot of money. C．A lot of dreams. D．A lot of knowledge. 10 Wilde                                              www. studentslife. com. start a topic (话题) 17：25 | Jun. 15, 2024 If you can have one more class at your school, what do you want to have?Why?         Justin19：03 | Jun. 15, 2024    I want to have sign language (手语). Many people have problems. We hearing don’t know what they want to tell us. It’s very helpful to learn sign language when we are young. And this can help us make friends with them.                                       ♥(18)         Lucy6：28 | Jun. 16, 2024    If it is possible, I want to learn how to use our time better. My classmates always sleep late because they can’t finish their homework on time. This class can help us learn how to do things quickly and save time to do more things. This can help us have a healthy life.                                 ♥ (11)         William22：11 | Jun. 17, 2024    A kind of class can help students understand themselves better. This class can help students find out who they are and what they want to do in the future. I did some interviews. And I know that many students don’t have dreams. In this class, students can understand themselves better and they will have their own dreams in life.                                         ♥(47)         Ben14：31 | Jun. 18, 2024    A class can teach us to keep ourselves safe. This can be useful when we need protect ourselves. Perhaps you will say we have P. E lessons. That’s enough. But P. E teachers tell us how to stay healthy by doing exercise. So we need another class to teach us to protect ourselves.                                     ♥(24) 45．There are ______ students give their answers to the questions. (   ) A．three B．four C．five D．six 46．Who did some interviews and know that many students don’t have dreams? (   ) A．Justin B．William C．Lucy D．Ben 47．According to the passage, which one is NOT RIGHT? (   ) A．Ben thinks P. E lessons can teach us how to keep ourselves safe. B．Lucy thinks many students sleep late because they cannot use time well. C．Justin wants to make friends with people have hearing problems. D．William wants to help students find their own dreams. 48．Justin wants to have another class that can help him ______. (   ) A．use time better. B．understand himself better. C．learn sign language. D．learn how to keep him safe. 49．From the passage, Richard thinks his work is ______. (   ) A．in a newspaper. B．in a science book. C．in a story book. D．on the Internet. 11 Everyone hopes to have a healthy lifestyle. But do you know what a healthy lifestyle is like? Here are some ways that can lead to (通向) a healthy lifestyle. ※Get active This is the most important way to have a healthy lifestyle. Walking, running and playing basketball and other sports will help you keep healthy. If your job needs long hours of sitting, get up often and walk. Don’t let laziness (懒惰) stop your body and mind. And be active at your workplace, around your neighbourhood and wherever possible. ※Keep clean Keep the places around you clean because cleanliness can create (创造) a healthy lifestyle. Unclean and untidy places can not only make you angry but also make you ill. ※Eat healthily Our health depends on our food, so everyone should remember to eat healthy food. The healthier food you eat, the healthier you will be. ※Live green This is the easiest way to live a healthy lifestyle. Plant trees around your house. Try your best to save water. And stop using things that are bad for the environment. 50．Which is the most important way to have a healthy lifestyle? (   ) A．Living green. B．Getting active. C．Eating healthily. D．Keeping clean. 51．How will unclean places make people feel? (   ) A．Happy but unhealthy. B．Happy and healthy. C．Angry but healthy. D．Angry and ill. 52．What do the underlined words “depend on” mean in Chinese? (   ) A．区别于 B．由……制成 C．依赖于 D．由……组成 53．Which of the following is NOT the example of living green? (   ) A．Save water whenever possible. B．Be active at your workplace and around your neighbourhood. C．Say ‘No’ to the things that are harmful to the environment. D．Plant trees around your house. 54．How many ways does the passage tell us to have a healthy lifestyle? (   ) A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 55．The passage tries to ______. (   ) A．show us ways of healthy lifestyles B．tell us to pay attention to water shortage (缺乏) C．show us how important health is D．tell us what healthy food is like 12 Saturday, March 24th We have arrived in the hot, wet city of Bangkok. This is our first trip to Thailand. We are going to eat something special for dinner tonight. The hotel we are staying in is a little expensive, so it’s very comfortable. It’s a wonderful place for visitors. We plan to stay here for a few days, visit some places in the city, and then travel to Chiang Mai (清迈) in the North. Tuesday, March 27th Bangkok is wonderful!The places are interesting. We visited the famous market which was on water, and saw a lot of fruit and vegetables. Everything is so colorful, and we have taken hundreds of photos already! Later today we will leave for Chiang Mai. We will take the train north, stay in Chiang Mai for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai (清莱). Friday, March 30th Our trip to Chiang Rai was long. We visited a small village in the mountains. The village people here love the quiet life﹣no computers or phones. They are the kindest people I have ever met. They always smile and say “hello”. Kathy and I can only speak a few words of Thai, so smiling is the best way to show our kindness. We feel good here and hope to be able to come back next year. 56．The writer has stayed in Thailand for ______ days in all. (   ) A．3 B．7 C．15 D．30 57．The weather in Bangkok is ______. (   ) A．hot and wet B．hot and dry C．cool and wet D．cool and dry 58．It seems that visitors ______ in Bangkok. (   ) A．often feel hungry B．can only find cheap things C．can’t take any photos D．can enjoy themselves 59．The people in the village ______. (   ) A．are friendly to others B．like to speak English C．are very weak D．hope to live in the cities 60．Kathy and I went to Chiang Rai ______. (   ) A．by plane B．by train C．by bus D．on foot 61．The best title of this article is ______. (   ) A．My First Travel B．The Outside World C．Traveling in Thailand D．A Country on the Train 13 Can plants talk? The answer is yes—but the pitch (音调) of their voices is too high for people to hear. A new study has found that plants “shout” when they are not getting enough water. In this study, some scientists grew three groups of tomato plants. The first group was watered. The second group was not watered. The third group was watered, but their stems (茎) were cut off. The scientists used microphones to record (记录) their sound. The plants in the first group were quiet. But the plants in the second and third groups made a lot of noise. In fact, a single plant can make about 30 to 50 such sounds per hour. The scientists found that many other plants also “shouted”. They included strawberry, grape and lemon. How do plants make these sounds? “It’s not clear yet, ”said Linda, one of the scientists. “But we think that air bubbles(气泡) break in the plant’s vascular system (维管系统). That may have caused the sounds. ” She said, “And we’re also looking at which animals might be listening to these sounds. ” 62．The “shouts” of the plants were too ______ for people to hear. (   ) A．loud B．quiet C．low﹣pitched D．high﹣pitched 63．Picture ______ shows what scientists did to the tomato plants. (   ) A． B． C． D． 64．Every hour, five plants can make ______. (   ) A．about 30 to 50 sounds B．about 20 to 80 sounds C．about 150 to 250 sounds D．about 80 to 1500 sounds 65．______ plants also make noises when under stress. (   ) ①strawberry        ②lemon       ③grape         ④potato A．①② B．①②③ C．①③④ D．①②③④ 66．According to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? (   ) A．The water bubbles may cause the sounds. B．Scientists know how plants make sounds. C．The animals break the air bubbles in the plants. D．The air bubbles break in the vascular system. 67．The scientists are also working on the question：______. (   ) A．How can people “talk” to plants? B．How can people record the “talking” of plants? C．Which animals may listen to the plants “talking”? D．What else may cause plants to “shout”? 14 To celebrate our 30th birthday, we are having a big sale! Children’s books Textbook Picture book Story book 25% off 30% off 20% off 20% discount (折扣) on all adults’ books! Amazing events in our birthday month: Time & Place Event Speaker 25 April, 4 pm Fanta Centre, 3F Introduction: The School Diaries Claire Tay, writer of the book 26 April, 1 pm Retro Mall, 2F Discussion: How to improve through reading Michael Hawes, English professor 28 April, 7 pm Winkle Mall, 1F Lecture: The most popular books of the year David Koh, director of the book store 29 April, 8 pm Fanta Centre, 3F Question & Answer: Face to face with a renowned writer Kate White, winner of many international awards Spend over $50 and get a chance to win a $10 gift card. Spend over $100 and get a chance to win prizes, from Nobel membership, e-dictionaries to concert tickets! 68．April is the birthday month of ________. (      ) A．Nobel Book Store B．Fanta Centre C．Retro Mall D．Winkle Mall 69．You can get the biggest discount on ________. (      ) A．adults’ story books B．all magazines C．children’s picture books D．all textbooks 70．________ will help you know more about the most popular books this year. (      ) A．Claire Tay B．Michael Hawes C．David Koh D．Kate White 71．The underlined word “renowned” means ________. (      ) A．new B．young C．humourous D．famous 72．If you spend $65, you will get a chance to win ________. (      ) A．an e-dictionary B．a $10 gift card C．Nobel membership D．a concert ticket 15 No one knows why we sleep, but it’s certain that we need to. People who are prevented (阻止) from sleeping begin to suffer obvious (明显的) effects after a few days-they think less clearly, and they fall asleep during the working hours. There are no rules about sleep. Generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night and probably more than 60 percent get between seven and eight hours. But perhaps eight percent are quite happy with 5 hours or less, and four percent or so find that they want ten hours or more. If you feel all right, you’re probably getting enough sleep. The important thing is not to worry how much other people get-their needs may be different. Exercise doesn’t seem to increase the need for sleep-office workers, for example, sleep for about as long as people doing physically active work. Children sleep more than grown-ups-perhaps 14 to 18 hours soon after birth, going down to grown-up levels by early teenage. Sleep patterns also tend (倾向) to be different in the old people, who may sleep less at night than they did when younger, find sleep getting more broken, and often make it a rule to sleep during the daytime. 73．Some people can’t think clearly because ________. (     ) A．they have bad memory B．they feel sleepy during the working hours C．they don’t have enough sleep D．they may be kept from going to bed 74．Whether you have got enough sleep is judged (判断) by ________. (     ) A．how many hours you have slept B．how many hours you need to sleep C．if you do exercise and physical work D．if you feel fresh and energetic 75．According to the passage, a boy of 18 years old sleeps ________. (     ) A．as long hours as a grown-up B．much longer hours than a grown-up C．for 14 hours each night D．for less than 8 hours each night 76．Which of the following is true according to the passage? (     ) A．All grown-ups must have at least eight-hour sleep. B．Most of grown-ups sleep for seven or eight hours. C．Quite a few people need 5 hours or less in sleep. D．No grown-ups sleep more than ten hours. 77．Who may sleep less during the night and have to take a nap during the day? (     ) A．Children B．Grown-ups C．Young people D．Old people 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$