焦点 06 阅读理解之五选五-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训（福建）

焦点06 阅读理解之五选五 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训 【预测分析】 一、重难点分析​ ​1、逻辑关系判断​ ​难点：需识别段落间或句间的逻辑关系（如转折、因果、递进），并选择衔接自然的选项。例如，福建一模试题中通过“However”提示转折关系，需排除与上文矛盾的选项。 ​高频考点：逻辑信号词（but/however、therefore、for example）的识别与运用。 ​2、选项干扰与同义替换​ ​难点：干扰项常通过近义词（如“solve”与“deal with”）或部分正确信息迷惑考生。例如，选项可能包含原文关键词但逻辑不符。 ​高频考点：选项功能标签（如举例论证、总结结论）的判断。 ​3、代词指代与衔接​ ​难点：需通过代词（it/they/this）判断上下文指代对象，如福建真题中“this problem”需回溯前文问题描述。 ​高频考点：代词与先行词的匹配（如单复数、语义一致性）。 ​4、长难句与结构分析​ ​难点：长句中嵌套从句或插入语，需拆分主干（主谓宾）后匹配选项。例如，福建模拟题中“Although the plan seemed risky, the team decided to proceed because...”需分析让步与因果关系。 二、解题步骤与技巧​ ​1、速读全文，抓主线​ ​方法：跳过空格，快速浏览首段、尾段及各段首尾句，标记核心主题词（如“study skills”“environmental protection”）。 ​示例：若文章首段提到“online classes”，后续段落可能围绕其优缺点展开，需选择衔接词（如“However, challenges exist”）。 ​2、分析选项功能标签​ ​分类标注： ​观点引入（e.g., “In my opinion”）→ 段首 ​举例说明（e.g., “For example”）→ 段中 ​总结结论（e.g., “Therefore”）→ 段尾。 ​技巧：选项含“This/These”时，需前文有明确指代对象。 ​3、逐空匹配，验证逻辑​ ​段首空：优先选主题句或过渡句（如承上启下句）。 ​段中空：关注前后句的因果（because）、对比（on the other hand）等关系。 ​段尾空：选总结性选项（如“in conclusion”）或解决方案。 ​4、代入检查与排除法​ ​代入验证：将选项代入空格，通读段落确保逻辑连贯。 ​排除干扰：剔除含无关关键词或与上下文矛盾的选项。 三、2025年命题趋势预测​ ​1、话题贴近生活与本土文化​ ​预测方向：可能涉及福建非遗（如木偶戏）、环保行动（如红树林保护）或科技应用（如AI翻译）等主题，强调实用性。 ​示例：以“Fujian Puppetry”为题，考查文化传承的逻辑衔接（如“However, modern techniques are being introduced”）。 ​2、题型设计新特点​ ​跨学科融合：如结合地理（气候影响）与环保（节能措施），需综合多领域知识。 ​干扰项升级：选项可能包含原文词汇但逻辑错误（如偷换主语或时态）。 ​3、高频考点分布​ ​逻辑推理题（50%）：转折、因果关系判断。 ​代词指代题（20%）：需回溯前文确定指代对象。 ​结构题（20%）：段落主旨与总结句匹配。 ​细节衔接题（10%）：时间、地点等细节补充。 四、备考建议​ ​1、强化逻辑推理训练​ ​每日一练：限时完成5篇五选五，标注逻辑信号词（如however/for example）。 ​错题归类：按错误类型（逻辑误判/代词混淆）总结高频问题。 ​2、积累高频话题词汇​ ​本土文化：如“Hakka Tulou（客家土楼）”“Fujian lacquerware”。 ​科技环保：如“renewable energy”“smart grid”。 ​3、真题模拟与结构分析​ ​精析福建真题：如2024年“AI翻译系统”说明文，标注段落逻辑词（therefore/however）。 ​仿写段落：根据提纲（如“如何保护视力”）练习逻辑衔接词使用。 ​4、提升长难句拆解能力​ ​每日拆解：分析含从句的复合句（如定语从句嵌套状语从句），明确修饰关系。 【基础试题】 A 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。 What does it mean to have a green thumb? 1 If you want to develop a green thumb, here are some useful tips. Choose plants that fit your lifestyle. The first step to take good care of plants is to pick plants that match your daily life. If you work from home and have time to care a lot about indoor plants that need much attention, just go for it and challenge yourself with such plants. 2 Know your conditions. If you want to start an outdoor garden, then familiarize yourself with your environment. Indoor plant parents should ask themselves questions about their indoor space. “ 3 Do you have a brightly lit area that has indirect light or medium-light in a humid (潮湿的) room? Is there any cold or hot air blowing on the area where the plant will go?” says Lively Root gardening expert Debbie Neese. 4 Spend some quality time with your greenery so that you can make clear what your plant may need. Feel your plant’s soil. Take note of its leaves and any new growth or changes. Keep the right tools on hand. The right tools are especially handy if you’re a beginner plant parent. 5 They’ll give you a read on your plant’s soil moisture (湿度) levels. A．Pay a visit to your beloved plant regularly. B．Water meters (水表), for instance, are a good choice. C．Here are some important conditions you should think about. D．If you’re as busy as a bee, just start with plants needing little care. E．An individual with a green thumb has the unusual ability to make plants grow. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】意见/建议 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何成为一名园艺高手，并给出了具体建议，包括选择适合生活方式的植物、了解种植条件、定期观察植物以及准备合适的工具等。 1．根据上文“What does it mean to have a green thumb?”可知，此处回答园艺高手的含义，选项E“一个有园艺经验的人具有使植物生长的不同寻常的能力。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据上文“If you work from home and have time to care a lot about indoor plants that need much attention, just go for it and challenge yourself with such plants.”并结合选项可知，此处需补充相反情况的建议，选项D“如果你像蜜蜂一样忙，就从不需要太多照顾的植物开始。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文“Know your conditions.”可知，此处与了解情况有关，选项C“以下是一些你应该考虑的重要条件。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据下文“Spend some quality time with your greenery so that you can make clear what your plant may need. Feel your plant’s soil. Take note of its leaves and any new growth or changes.”可知，此处强调定期观察植物的重要性，选项A“定期参观你心爱的植物。”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据上文“Keep the right tools on hand.”可知，此处与工具有关，选项B“例如，水表是一个不错的选择。”符合语境。故选B。 B The Living Machine Dr. Jack Todd is very interested in cleaning water. 1 , so it’s natural that he is the developer of a small and cheap system to clean wastewater. His “Living Machine” can clean wastewater in your home or in your business. 2 . The wastewater goes into a big plastic tank where bacteria (细菌) start to break down the waste. A few days later it is dealt with, the water is brought into a greenhouse filled with plants and fish. 3 , the plants and animals remove more chemicals from the water, making it cleaner. Then the water can be reused for washing or bathing. 4 , but the water is clean enough for watering the flowers, washing the dog, or even for bathing or swimming. The advantage of this technology is that it is cheap and good for the environment. 5 , it can help to use less fresh water, and it can help keep the water clean. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．If enough homes and businesses use “Living Machines” B．With the help of sunlight C．He is also interested in saving money D．It cannot be used for drinking or cooking E．The “Living Machine” is a system for cleaning wastewater 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】环境保护、发明与创造 【导语】本文介绍Living Machine是Jack发明的一台净水设备，通过它净化后的水可以用来洗衣服，洗澡。 1．根据下文“so it’s natural that he is the developer of a small and cheap system to clean wastewater.”可知Jack准备发明一个小而实惠的净水设备，选项C“他也对省钱感兴趣。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“His ‘Living Machine’ can clean wastewater in your home or in your business.”可知，此处应是对“Living Machine”这一系统的介绍，选项E“‘Living Machine’是一个污水处理系统。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据上文“A few days later it is dealt with, the water is brought into a greenhouse filled with plants and fish.” 以及下文“the plants and animals remove more chemicals from the water, making it cleaner.” 可知，此处应是说在何种条件下，植物和动物能更好地发挥净化水的作用。选项 B“在阳光的帮助下”，符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Then the water can be reused for washing or bathing.”和“but the water is clean enough for watering the flowers, washing the dogs, or even for bathing or swimming.”可知，此处应是说这种水虽然不能用于饮用或烹饪，但足够用于其他用途。选项D“它不能用于饮用或烹饪。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据下文“it can help to use less fresh water, and it can help keep the water clean.”可知，此处应是说如果足够多的家庭和企业使用“Living Machines”，就能带来这些好处。选项A“如果足够多的家庭和企业使用‘Living Machines’”符合语境。故选A。 C Progress means the act of going forward. It is good for us in many ways. 1 By setting and actively working towards our goals, we can make progress in our life. 2 Whatever happens, if we think hopefully, it can be useful and helpful. We need to know that problems are part of our life. After we solve problems one after another, we can make more progress. Having confidence is helpful for us to make progress. Confidence comes from different places, such as proper education, training or having good relationship. 3 These people can help push us towards progress. Slow progress is still progress. Just as the old saying goes, “It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.” Progress usually comes a lot more slowly than we expect. Even if progress is slow, try not to be worried. 4 Another is that we clearly remember what our goals are all the time. Speed isn’t important. The road to progress is not always smooth. Most progress often comes with difficulties. 5 But it won’t always be like that. Keep going towards our goals and we can much more easily make the progress we want. Progress doesn’t always happen in a straight line. As long as we keep working, we will achieve higher levels. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．We should also stay with people who believe in our success and actively support us. B．To make more progress in life, start looking at problems in a different way. C．Sometimes, maybe it feels like we’re taking one step forward and three steps back. D．For example, it can make us healthy, joyful as well as successful. E．One important thing is that we keep taking steps towards our goals. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】哲理感悟 【导语】本文阐述进步的含义，告诉我们取得进步的道路并不总是平坦的，只要我们坚持努力，我们就会达到更高的水平。 1．根据上文“It is good for us in many ways” 这在很多方面对我们都有好处；可知此处作进一步阐述；选项D “例如，它可以使我们健康、快乐和成功”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据下文“Whatever happens, if we think hopefully, it can be useful and helpful. We need to know that problems are part of our life. After we solve problems one after another, we can make more progress.”阐述对待问题的态度；选项B“为了在生活中取得更大的进步，开始以不同的方式看待问题。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据下文“These people can help push us towards progress.” 这些人可以帮助我们取得进步；可知此处指“什么样的人可以帮助我们进步”；选项A “我们也应该和那些相信我们能成功并积极支持我们的人在一起”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据下文“Another is that we clearly remember what our goals are all the time…”我们始终清楚地记得我们的目标是什么；可知选项E “一件重要的事情是，我们要不断朝着目标前进。”符合语境；讲述“如何看待进步慢”这个问题。故选E。 5．根据上文“Most progress often comes with difficulties” 大多数进步往往伴随着困难；可知选项C“有时候，也许感觉我们前进了一步，后退了三步。”符合语境，阐述“取得进步的道路并不总是平坦的”；故选C。 【提升试题】 A 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 Nan Rendong was called “the Father of China’s Sky Eye” 1 This great scientist spent his life building the world’s largest radio telescope (射电望远镜), which helps humans explore space mysteries. Born in 1945 in Liaoning Province, Nan showed great interest in science as a child. 2 Later he got a chance to study abroad. Many foreign scientists wanted him to stay, but Nan refused, “My country needs me,” he said when returning to China in 1994. Building FAST was extremely challenging. 3 Nan and his team walked through mountains in Guizhou for 12 years to find the perfect location. Once, heavy rain destroyed their equipment. Nan encouraged everyone: “Difficulties are like stars — the darker the night, the brighter they shine.” 4 On September 25, 2016, FAST opened officially. Sadly, Nan passed away in 2017 before seeing its first big discovery. But his spirit lives on. A young engineer working on FAST said: “ 5 He taught us that true success needs both dreams and perseverance (毅力).” A．He always carried a notebook to write down his ideas. B．The project needed a huge natural “dish” shaped valley. C．He won the highest science award in China in 2018. D．After decades of hard work, the dream came true. E．He didn’t just build a telescope; he built hope. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．E 【难度】0.65 【知识点】科学家 【导语】本文介绍“中国天眼之父”南仁东的生平，讲述他建造FAST的历程和精神遗产。 1．根据前文“Nan Rendong was called ‘the Father of China’s Sky Eye’”和后文“This great scientist spent his life building the world’s largest radio telescope (射电望远镜),”可知，此处在描述南仁东的荣誉，选项C“他在2018年获得了中国最高科学奖。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据前文“Nan showed great interest in science as a child.”和后文“Later he got a chance to study abroad.”可知，此处说的是南仁东对科学的热爱，选项A“他总是随身携带一个笔记本，记下自己的想法。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据前文“Building FAST was extremely challenging.”和后文“Nan and his team walked through mountains in Guizhou for 12 years to find the perfect location.”可知，此处在描述FAST项目面临的挑战，选项B“该项目需要一个巨大的天然‘碟形’山谷。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据后文“On September 25, 2016, FAST opened officially.”可知，此处在描述FAST项目最终成功，选项D“经过几十年的努力，梦想成真了。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据前文“A young engineer working on FAST said”和后文“He taught us that true success needs both dreams and perseverance (毅力).”可知，此处在描述南仁东的精神影响，选项E“他不仅建造了望远镜，还带来了希望。”符合语境。故选E。 B 阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯、意思完整。 An Internet buzzword (流行语) “city bu city” has spread quickly among foreigners visiting China. 1 . This policy lets travelers from 54 countries stay visa-free for six days with a passport and a ticket to another country. It’s changing how people see China worldwide. Started in 2013, the policy first allowed 72-hour stays in seven cities. 2 . Now covering 41 places across China, it has brought more tourists. In early 2024, 266% more foreigners used this policy than last year, says China’s immigration office. 3 . The policy helps visitors experience real Chinese life. Irish YouTuber Luke, who visited Chengdu, shared online: “ 4 ” He found the city modern and lively, unlike what he’d heard from Western news. Foreigners’ travel habits in China are changing too. A study of 100 travel videos found fewer visitors only seeing famous places like the Great Wall. 5 . These activities let them understand Chinese daily life better. A．We came to see China with our own eyes. B．This jump shows China’s growing influence through travel. C．Instead, they try local markets, bike-sharing, and dancing in parks. D．Its popularity connects to China’s easy visa-free transit policy (过境免签政策). E．It now allows 144-hour stays, becoming an important way to share culture. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．B 4．A 5．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】旅行 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国实施的“过境免签政策”及其对外国游客的影响，包括政策内容、发展历程、游客体验变化等。 1．根据文章第1段“An internet buzzword (流行语) ‘city bu city’ has spread quickly among foreigners visiting China.”及“This policy lets travelers from 54 countries stay visa-free for six days with a passport and a ticket to another country.”可知，此处应是引出中国的过境免签政策。选项D“其流行与中国的便捷过境免签政策有关”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据文章第2段“Started in 2013, the policy first allowed 72 - hour stays in seven cities.”及“Now covering 41 places across China, it has brought more tourists.”可知，此处应是讲述政策的变化。选项E“现允许144小时停留，成为分享文化的重要途径”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据文章第2段“In early 2024, 266% more foreigners used this policy than last year, says China’s immigration office.”可知，此处应是说明这一增长所体现的意义。选项B“这一增长展现了中国通过旅行日益扩大的影响力”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据文章第3段“He found the city modern and lively, unlike what he’d heard from Western news.” 可知，此处应是说他们亲自来看看中国。选项A“我们想亲眼看看中国”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据文章第4段“A study of 100 travel videos found fewer visitors only seeing famous places like the Great Wall.”可知，此处应是说外国游客旅游习惯的改变。选项C“相反，他们尝试本地市场、共享单车和公园跳舞”符合语境。故选C。 C There is no one like you in the world. 1 2 So if you are not the most beautiful or the smartest person, that’s OK. If you do feel there is room for improving, then try your best to make some changes. If you have tried your best but still aren’t content, 3 Firstly, are you happy with who you are? If the answer is yes, then there is nothing to worry about. If you are OK with yourself and you have done your best in everything, you should be content. Secondly, do you give yourself enough time to improve? 4 Self-confidence is also very important. If you’re confident, you will be OK with the way you are. 5 First, find out your talents and try to use them. Second, don’t always compare yourself with others. Third, forgive yourself for some mistakes you may have made. A．However, here is some advice if you are not confident. B．As we all know, nobody is perfect. C．ask yourself two simple questions. D．You know improving takes time. E．So you should learn to be happy with yourself. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】意见/建议 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了如何接纳自我、提升自信，并给出了具体建议。 1．根据文章第一段“There is no one like you in the world.”，说明每个人都是独一无二的，所以自然引出应该学会对自己感到开心，选项E“所以你应该学会对自己感到开心”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据第二段“So if you are not the most beautiful or the smartest person, that’s OK.”可知，这里是说没有人是完美的，选项B“众所周知，没有人是完美的。”正好能承接此句，为后文做铺垫，符合语境。故选B。 3．根据第二段“If you have tried your best but still aren’t content, ”，后文直接列出两个问题，说明此处应填入引入问题的句子。选项C“问自己两个简单的问题。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据第二段末尾“Secondly, do you give yourself enough time to improve? ”，后文未继续展开，此处需填入与“时间”相关的结论。选项D“你知道提升需要时间。”是对问题的合理回应，符合语境。故选D。 5．根据第三段“Self-confidence is also very important…”，后文列出三条增强自信的建议，说明此处需填入过渡句。选项A“但如果你不自信，这里有一些建议。”承上启下，引出具体方法，符合语境。故选A。 【拔高试题】 A 阅读填空。阅读短文及文后A~E选项，请选出可以填入1—5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Life is always changing. Sometimes that’s great, but at other times it can make us feel unsure or worried. 1 What are life changes? Life changes come in many forms. Some are happy and positive things like joining a new club or making a friend. 2 For example, moving to a new school, a friend moving away, or changes at home due to a family separation. Even smaller things, like a new teacher or a different plan at home, can have an effect on how we feel. 3 That’s completely normal. Why can it be hard to deal with? 4 Psychologists (心理学家) explain that our brains like patterns and habits. They make us feel safe. When something changes, it can feel like going on an unexpected adventure without a map. That can make us feel nervous, especially if we didn’t choose the change or don’t feel ready for it. Can a change be a good thing? Yes, it can. 5 So trying new things and make changes. They help you discover what you like and don’t like. For example, if you didn’t try that new taste of ice cream, how would you have known you love it? Although a change can make you uncomfortable, it often leads to new adventures, new friends, and new superpowers. A．These changes can bring up strong feelings. B．However, others could make you feel worried. C．That’s because it often brings feelings of uncertainty. D．Life will be boring if everything stays the same all the time. E．Let’s see how a change challenges us and how to deal with it. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】情绪、科普知识 【导语】本文主要探讨了生活中的变化，包括变化的类型、为何应对变化困难以及变化可能带来的好处。 1．根据前文“Life is always changing. Sometimes that’s great, but at other times it can make us feel unsure or worried.”可知，生活总是在变化，有时很好，但有时会让我们感到不确定或担忧。此处需要一个过渡句来引出下文关于变化的具体讨论。选项E“让我们看看变化是如何挑战我们的，以及如何应对它。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据前文“Some are happy and positive things like joining a new club or making a friend.”可知，此处列举了一些积极的变化。根据后文“For example, moving to a new school, a friend moving away, or changes at home due to a family separation.”可知，此处开始列举一些可能带来担忧的变化。因此，需要一个句子来过渡到这些可能带来担忧的变化。选项B“然而，其他的可能会让你感到担忧。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据前文“Even smaller things, like a new teacher or a different plan at home, can have an effect on how we feel.”可知，即使是更小的事情，比如换了一个新老师或者家里的计划变了，也会影响我们的感受。此处需要一个句子来总结这些变化可能带来的情感反应。选项A“这些变化可能会引发强烈的情感。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据后文“Psychologists (心理学家) explain that our brains like patterns and habits. They make us feel safe. When something changes, it can feel like going on an unexpected adventure without a map.”可知，心理学家解释说，我们的大脑喜欢模式和习惯，它们让我们感到安全。当事情发生变化时，可能会感觉像是在没有地图的情况下进行了一次意想不到的冒险。此处需要一个句子来解释为什么应对变化会很困难。选项C“那是因为它常常带来不确定感。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据前文“Yes, it can.”可知，此处是对前文“Can a change be a good thing?”的肯定回答。根据后文“So trying new things and make changes. They help you discover what you like and don’t like.”可知，此处需要给出一个理由来支持变化可能是好事的观点。选项D“如果一切都保持不变，生活将会很无聊。”符合语境。故选D。 B As we all know, it is common to sleep on a bed. When we go camping, we sleep on the ground. And sometimes we may have to sleep on a floor. 1 If I have a problem and cannot think of an answer, I can “sleep on it”. Often an answer comes to me the next day. Let’s say some co-workers are working on a project together, and they run into a difficult problem. 2 One person might say, “Look, we’re not getting anywhere. So, let’s sleep on it. Tomorrow we can try to figure this out.” To “sleep on” something means you give yourself time to think about a problem overnight. 3 For example, if I am writing a story and run into a problem, I often sleep on it. I think about the problem before I go to sleep and hope that my sleeping self comes to the rescue (救援)! Sometimes we use this expression when we just want more time to pass. We also use it when we want to look at a problem with a rested mind. 4 Sometimes a problem doesn’t look so bad the next day after a good night’s sleep. 5 Some problems are not a big deal——they are not important. You can describe them as “nothing to lose sleep over”. And if you want to say you are not going to worry about something, you can say you’re “not going to lose sleep over it”. So, next time, if you run into a problem with English, try sleeping on it! Maybe the answer will come to you with the morning sun. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Here is another sleep expression. B．No one can think of a way to solve it. C．But “to sleep on” has another meaning. D．We know that sleep is necessary to be healthy. E．And you plan to make a decision about it later. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．D 5．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】语言与文化 【导语】本文主要介绍了关于与sleep有关的英文习惯表达。 1．根据上文“As we all know, it is common to sleep on a bed...we may have to sleep on a floor.”和下文“If I have a problem and cannot think of an answer, I can ‘sleep on it’. Often an answer comes to me the next day.”可知，上文描述的是一般来说，睡在床上是很常见的，在其他情况下我们也可能睡在地上或者地板上。下文的“sleep on it”则表达的是另一层含义，因此这里表示的是转折关系，C项“但是‘继续睡觉’还有另一个意思。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“and they run into a difficult problem.”和“One person might say, ‘Look, we’re not getting anywhere. So, let’s sleep on it. Tomorrow we can try to figure this out.’”可知，这里提到一个难题，没有人能取得任何进展，明天再试着解决这个问题。所以是没有人能够解决这个难题，B项“谁也想不出解决的办法。”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“To ‘sleep on’ something means you give yourself time to think about a problem overnight.”可知，此处提到给自己一整晚的时间思考这个问题，因此E选“你打算以后再做决定。”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据下文“Sometimes a problem doesn’t look so bad the next day after a good night’s sleep.”可知，此处提到了一个好的睡眠，因此D项“我们知道睡眠是健康的必要条件。”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据“Some problems are not a big deal——they are not important. You can describe them as ‘nothing to lose sleep over’. ”可知，此处提到了与sleep有关的另一层含义，因此A项“这是另一个睡眠表达。”符合语境，故选A。 C 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 You have lots of things you’d like to do. But sometimes it’s hard to get to the finish line—just like your goal. How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones? 1 Here are a few opinions we often get from kids, followed by ideas that might help. ▲ I can’t get away from screens. 2 If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you’re bored, go somewhere else. Take a book to your room or your violin to the backyard. Or ask if you can help cook. ▲ 3 Start with “showing up”. Then take one small step to do one small task, followed by another and another. For example, how do I practice the piano? First, sit at it. Then play one note at the time. Starting with a super simple step often helps. Why? It’s easy, quick and gets you in action. 4 ▲I have no time. Take a look at your choices you make about how you spend time. Do those choices show what’s important to you? Can you spare ten minutes a day to work on a goal? Let’s suppose you want to be a singer. 5 Talk with a parent about why your gold counts. Discuss whether you can let go of something less important to free up time to achieve it. A．Then keep taking steps. B．And how can you try to reach your goals? C．I can’t start such a huge goal. D．To change a habit, try changing where you spend your time. E．Is it more important to practice singing than playing video games? 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【难度】0.4 【知识点】意见/建议 【导语】本文给出了一些建议帮助改掉坏习惯，养成好习惯，达到目标。 1．本空前一句“How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones?”在提问方法，后一句“Here are a few opinions we often get from kids, followed by ideas that might help.”引出下文的各种建议，所以本空最有可能还是一个提问方法的问句承上启下，选项B“你又该如何达到自己的目标呢？”符合语境，故选B。 2．本空是该段落的总起句，后文“If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you’re bored, go somewhere else.”是在说，要把时间花在别的地方，比如出去走走而不是躺在沙发上或看电视，选项D“要改变一个习惯，试着改变你花时间的地方”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据本空下面的内容“ Then take one small step to do one small task, followed by another and another.”可知，这部分主要在说从小事做起，这个建议是针对“没有大目标”的人，选项C“我不能从这么大的目标开始”符合语境，故选C。 4．通读本空所在段落可知，本段说从一个超级简单的步骤开始通常会有帮助，即“积跬步以至千里”的意思，选项A“然后不停前进”符合语境，故选A。 5．本空前一句是“Let’s suppose you want to be a singer.”，所以本空的内容应该和歌手有关，选项E“练习唱歌比玩电子游戏更重要吗？”符合语境，故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 焦点06 阅读理解之五选五 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训 【预测分析】 一、重难点分析​ ​1、逻辑关系判断​ ​难点：需识别段落间或句间的逻辑关系（如转折、因果、递进），并选择衔接自然的选项。例如，福建一模试题中通过“However”提示转折关系，需排除与上文矛盾的选项。 ​高频考点：逻辑信号词（but/however、therefore、for example）的识别与运用。 ​2、选项干扰与同义替换​ ​难点：干扰项常通过近义词（如“solve”与“deal with”）或部分正确信息迷惑考生。例如，选项可能包含原文关键词但逻辑不符。 ​高频考点：选项功能标签（如举例论证、总结结论）的判断。 ​3、代词指代与衔接​ ​难点：需通过代词（it/they/this）判断上下文指代对象，如福建真题中“this problem”需回溯前文问题描述。 ​高频考点：代词与先行词的匹配（如单复数、语义一致性）。 ​4、长难句与结构分析​ ​难点：长句中嵌套从句或插入语，需拆分主干（主谓宾）后匹配选项。例如，福建模拟题中“Although the plan seemed risky, the team decided to proceed because...”需分析让步与因果关系。 二、解题步骤与技巧​ ​1、速读全文，抓主线​ ​方法：跳过空格，快速浏览首段、尾段及各段首尾句，标记核心主题词（如“study skills”“environmental protection”）。 ​示例：若文章首段提到“online classes”，后续段落可能围绕其优缺点展开，需选择衔接词（如“However, challenges exist”）。 ​2、分析选项功能标签​ ​分类标注： ​观点引入（e.g., “In my opinion”）→ 段首 ​举例说明（e.g., “For example”）→ 段中 ​总结结论（e.g., “Therefore”）→ 段尾。 ​技巧：选项含“This/These”时，需前文有明确指代对象。 ​3、逐空匹配，验证逻辑​ ​段首空：优先选主题句或过渡句（如承上启下句）。 ​段中空：关注前后句的因果（because）、对比（on the other hand）等关系。 ​段尾空：选总结性选项（如“in conclusion”）或解决方案。 ​4、代入检查与排除法​ ​代入验证：将选项代入空格，通读段落确保逻辑连贯。 ​排除干扰：剔除含无关关键词或与上下文矛盾的选项。 三、2025年命题趋势预测​ ​1、话题贴近生活与本土文化​ ​预测方向：可能涉及福建非遗（如木偶戏）、环保行动（如红树林保护）或科技应用（如AI翻译）等主题，强调实用性。 ​示例：以“Fujian Puppetry”为题，考查文化传承的逻辑衔接（如“However, modern techniques are being introduced”）。 ​2、题型设计新特点​ ​跨学科融合：如结合地理（气候影响）与环保（节能措施），需综合多领域知识。 ​干扰项升级：选项可能包含原文词汇但逻辑错误（如偷换主语或时态）。 ​3、高频考点分布​ ​逻辑推理题（50%）：转折、因果关系判断。 ​代词指代题（20%）：需回溯前文确定指代对象。 ​结构题（20%）：段落主旨与总结句匹配。 ​细节衔接题（10%）：时间、地点等细节补充。 四、备考建议​ ​1、强化逻辑推理训练​ ​每日一练：限时完成5篇五选五，标注逻辑信号词（如however/for example）。 ​错题归类：按错误类型（逻辑误判/代词混淆）总结高频问题。 ​2、积累高频话题词汇​ ​本土文化：如“Hakka Tulou（客家土楼）”“Fujian lacquerware”。 ​科技环保：如“renewable energy”“smart grid”。 ​3、真题模拟与结构分析​ ​精析福建真题：如2024年“AI翻译系统”说明文，标注段落逻辑词（therefore/however）。 ​仿写段落：根据提纲（如“如何保护视力”）练习逻辑衔接词使用。 ​4、提升长难句拆解能力​ ​每日拆解：分析含从句的复合句（如定语从句嵌套状语从句），明确修饰关系。 【基础试题】 A 阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入1~5各题空白处的最佳选项。 What does it mean to have a green thumb? 1 If you want to develop a green thumb, here are some useful tips. Choose plants that fit your lifestyle. The first step to take good care of plants is to pick plants that match your daily life. If you work from home and have time to care a lot about indoor plants that need much attention, just go for it and challenge yourself with such plants. 2 Know your conditions. If you want to start an outdoor garden, then familiarize yourself with your environment. Indoor plant parents should ask themselves questions about their indoor space. “ 3 Do you have a brightly lit area that has indirect light or medium-light in a humid (潮湿的) room? Is there any cold or hot air blowing on the area where the plant will go?” says Lively Root gardening expert Debbie Neese. 4 Spend some quality time with your greenery so that you can make clear what your plant may need. Feel your plant’s soil. Take note of its leaves and any new growth or changes. Keep the right tools on hand. The right tools are especially handy if you’re a beginner plant parent. 5 They’ll give you a read on your plant’s soil moisture (湿度) levels. A．Pay a visit to your beloved plant regularly. B．Water meters (水表), for instance, are a good choice. C．Here are some important conditions you should think about. D．If you’re as busy as a bee, just start with plants needing little care. E．An individual with a green thumb has the unusual ability to make plants grow. B The Living Machine Dr. Jack Todd is very interested in cleaning water. 1 , so it’s natural that he is the developer of a small and cheap system to clean wastewater. His “Living Machine” can clean wastewater in your home or in your business. 2 . The wastewater goes into a big plastic tank where bacteria (细菌) start to break down the waste. A few days later it is dealt with, the water is brought into a greenhouse filled with plants and fish. 3 , the plants and animals remove more chemicals from the water, making it cleaner. Then the water can be reused for washing or bathing. 4 , but the water is clean enough for watering the flowers, washing the dog, or even for bathing or swimming. The advantage of this technology is that it is cheap and good for the environment. 5 , it can help to use less fresh water, and it can help keep the water clean. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．If enough homes and businesses use “Living Machines” B．With the help of sunlight C．He is also interested in saving money D．It cannot be used for drinking or cooking E．The “Living Machine” is a system for cleaning wastewater C Progress means the act of going forward. It is good for us in many ways. 1 By setting and actively working towards our goals, we can make progress in our life. 2 Whatever happens, if we think hopefully, it can be useful and helpful. We need to know that problems are part of our life. After we solve problems one after another, we can make more progress. Having confidence is helpful for us to make progress. Confidence comes from different places, such as proper education, training or having good relationship. 3 These people can help push us towards progress. Slow progress is still progress. Just as the old saying goes, “It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.” Progress usually comes a lot more slowly than we expect. Even if progress is slow, try not to be worried. 4 Another is that we clearly remember what our goals are all the time. Speed isn’t important. The road to progress is not always smooth. Most progress often comes with difficulties. 5 But it won’t always be like that. Keep going towards our goals and we can much more easily make the progress we want. Progress doesn’t always happen in a straight line. As long as we keep working, we will achieve higher levels. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．We should also stay with people who believe in our success and actively support us. B．To make more progress in life, start looking at problems in a different way. C．Sometimes, maybe it feels like we’re taking one step forward and three steps back. D．For example, it can make us healthy, joyful as well as successful. E．One important thing is that we keep taking steps towards our goals. 【提升试题】 A 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。 Nan Rendong was called “the Father of China’s Sky Eye” 1 This great scientist spent his life building the world’s largest radio telescope (射电望远镜), which helps humans explore space mysteries. Born in 1945 in Liaoning Province, Nan showed great interest in science as a child. 2 Later he got a chance to study abroad. Many foreign scientists wanted him to stay, but Nan refused, “My country needs me,” he said when returning to China in 1994. Building FAST was extremely challenging. 3 Nan and his team walked through mountains in Guizhou for 12 years to find the perfect location. Once, heavy rain destroyed their equipment. Nan encouraged everyone: “Difficulties are like stars — the darker the night, the brighter they shine.” 4 On September 25, 2016, FAST opened officially. Sadly, Nan passed away in 2017 before seeing its first big discovery. But his spirit lives on. A young engineer working on FAST said: “ 5 He taught us that true success needs both dreams and perseverance (毅力).” A．He always carried a notebook to write down his ideas. B．The project needed a huge natural “dish” shaped valley. C．He won the highest science award in China in 2018. D．After decades of hard work, the dream came true. E．He didn’t just build a telescope; he built hope. B 阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯、意思完整。 An Internet buzzword (流行语) “city bu city” has spread quickly among foreigners visiting China. 1 . This policy lets travelers from 54 countries stay visa-free for six days with a passport and a ticket to another country. It’s changing how people see China worldwide. Started in 2013, the policy first allowed 72-hour stays in seven cities. 2 . Now covering 41 places across China, it has brought more tourists. In early 2024, 266% more foreigners used this policy than last year, says China’s immigration office. 3 . The policy helps visitors experience real Chinese life. Irish YouTuber Luke, who visited Chengdu, shared online: “ 4 ” He found the city modern and lively, unlike what he’d heard from Western news. Foreigners’ travel habits in China are changing too. A study of 100 travel videos found fewer visitors only seeing famous places like the Great Wall. 5 . These activities let them understand Chinese daily life better. A．We came to see China with our own eyes. B．This jump shows China’s growing influence through travel. C．Instead, they try local markets, bike-sharing, and dancing in parks. D．Its popularity connects to China’s easy visa-free transit policy (过境免签政策). E．It now allows 144-hour stays, becoming an important way to share culture. C There is no one like you in the world. 1 2 So if you are not the most beautiful or the smartest person, that’s OK. If you do feel there is room for improving, then try your best to make some changes. If you have tried your best but still aren’t content, 3 Firstly, are you happy with who you are? If the answer is yes, then there is nothing to worry about. If you are OK with yourself and you have done your best in everything, you should be content. Secondly, do you give yourself enough time to improve? 4 Self-confidence is also very important. If you’re confident, you will be OK with the way you are. 5 First, find out your talents and try to use them. Second, don’t always compare yourself with others. Third, forgive yourself for some mistakes you may have made. A．However, here is some advice if you are not confident. B．As we all know, nobody is perfect. C．ask yourself two simple questions. D．You know improving takes time. E．So you should learn to be happy with yourself. 【拔高试题】 A 阅读填空。阅读短文及文后A~E选项，请选出可以填入1—5各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Life is always changing. Sometimes that’s great, but at other times it can make us feel unsure or worried. 1 What are life changes? Life changes come in many forms. Some are happy and positive things like joining a new club or making a friend. 2 For example, moving to a new school, a friend moving away, or changes at home due to a family separation. Even smaller things, like a new teacher or a different plan at home, can have an effect on how we feel. 3 That’s completely normal. Why can it be hard to deal with? 4 Psychologists (心理学家) explain that our brains like patterns and habits. They make us feel safe. When something changes, it can feel like going on an unexpected adventure without a map. That can make us feel nervous, especially if we didn’t choose the change or don’t feel ready for it. Can a change be a good thing? Yes, it can. 5 So trying new things and make changes. They help you discover what you like and don’t like. For example, if you didn’t try that new taste of ice cream, how would you have known you love it? Although a change can make you uncomfortable, it often leads to new adventures, new friends, and new superpowers. A．These changes can bring up strong feelings. B．However, others could make you feel worried. C．That’s because it often brings feelings of uncertainty. D．Life will be boring if everything stays the same all the time. E．Let’s see how a change challenges us and how to deal with it. B As we all know, it is common to sleep on a bed. When we go camping, we sleep on the ground. And sometimes we may have to sleep on a floor. 1 If I have a problem and cannot think of an answer, I can “sleep on it”. Often an answer comes to me the next day. Let’s say some co-workers are working on a project together, and they run into a difficult problem. 2 One person might say, “Look, we’re not getting anywhere. So, let’s sleep on it. Tomorrow we can try to figure this out.” To “sleep on” something means you give yourself time to think about a problem overnight. 3 For example, if I am writing a story and run into a problem, I often sleep on it. I think about the problem before I go to sleep and hope that my sleeping self comes to the rescue (救援)! Sometimes we use this expression when we just want more time to pass. We also use it when we want to look at a problem with a rested mind. 4 Sometimes a problem doesn’t look so bad the next day after a good night’s sleep. 5 Some problems are not a big deal——they are not important. You can describe them as “nothing to lose sleep over”. And if you want to say you are not going to worry about something, you can say you’re “not going to lose sleep over it”. So, next time, if you run into a problem with English, try sleeping on it! Maybe the answer will come to you with the morning sun. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．Here is another sleep expression. B．No one can think of a way to solve it. C．But “to sleep on” has another meaning. D．We know that sleep is necessary to be healthy. E．And you plan to make a decision about it later. C 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 You have lots of things you’d like to do. But sometimes it’s hard to get to the finish line—just like your goal. How can you break your bad habits and develop good ones? 1 Here are a few opinions we often get from kids, followed by ideas that might help. ▲ I can’t get away from screens. 2 If you usually spend time lying on the sofa and watching TV programs or a video when you’re bored, go somewhere else. Take a book to your room or your violin to the backyard. Or ask if you can help cook. ▲ 3 Start with “showing up”. Then take one small step to do one small task, followed by another and another. For example, how do I practice the piano? First, sit at it. Then play one note at the time. Starting with a super simple step often helps. Why? It’s easy, quick and gets you in action. 4 ▲I have no time. Take a look at your choices you make about how you spend time. Do those choices show what’s important to you? Can you spare ten minutes a day to work on a goal? Let’s suppose you want to be a singer. 5 Talk with a parent about why your gold counts. Discuss whether you can let go of something less important to free up time to achieve it. A．Then keep taking steps. B．And how can you try to reach your goals? C．I can’t start such a huge goal. D．To change a habit, try changing where you spend your time. E．Is it more important to practice singing than playing video games? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$