精品解析：广东省深圳市盐田高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月联考英语试题

2024—2025学年度高二年级5月联考 英语试题 本试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1、答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Kangaroo Island is a paradise getaway perfect to refresh yourselves. With plenty of diverse animals and breathtaking views to take in, Kangaroo Island has it all beyond kangaroos! Wildlife on Kangaroo Island You can visit one of the wildlife parks to get up close and personal with the local wildlife. Seal Bay is one of the most popular places to visit. The sand beach of it is a popular hangout for seal observation. Wander along the beach and see these beautiful beings. Don’t get too close though as they are wild animals after all, and no one wants to get hurt. You can take photos as they swim in the sea, lie on the warm sand and rocks, or nurse their cute babies. If that doesn’t satisfy your animal passions, go to the Flinders Chase National Park. This protected area is filled with native plants and animals. Keep an eye out for the rare platypus (鸭嘴兽) which can be seen playing just under the surface of waterways in the park. Top Attractions around Kangaroo Island No trip to Kangaroo Island is complete without a visit to its most famous attractions. Instead of tourist attractions, it remains rural and underdeveloped, promising a pure natural experience where you can see farmhouses, local markets and endless countryside scenery. Visit the two impressive lighthouses sitting along the coast in Flinders Chase National Park. This coastline has a large quantity of natural wonders that are unforgettable. Within the national park lies the Admirals Arch. You will be blown away by the magnificent natural arch formed by weather and sea rough waves. The island’s most impressive natural landmark, the spot is not only great for some unique formations but home to a seal settlement among the beach rocks. 1. What should be avoided when you observe seals? A. Touching them. B. Taking pictures of them. C. Sitting on the coast. D. Walking by the beach. 2. Why is Kangaroo Island viewed as a pure nature destination? A. It is well developed. B. It is under protection. C. It continues to be poor. D. It remains untouched. 3. Where can you find natural wonders? A. The sand beach of Seal Bay. B. The tourist resorts of the island. C. The coast in Flinders Chase National Park. D. The waterways in Flinders Chase National Park. B While I was a medical student, the adaptability I learned from my parents when I was a boy was tested by the chaos of a series of events in Lebanon. Many people, including my parents, lost their life savings due to economic crises. Despite all that, I remained focused and completed my degree. Finally, it was my turn to leave home in search of a brighter future. I arrived in Utah as a postdoctoral fellow, hoping to gain research experience to back my application to US medical residency programs. However, research proved far more challenging than I expected. In medicine, I was trained to diagnose (诊断) and treat patients, with clear and often immediate outcomes. The lab was a different world — experiments took time to set up, data had to be carefully analyzed, and results often didn’t come out as expected. One set of experiments failed entirely at first — then took months of controlling one variable after another to get running. And I faced new challenges, including leading projects and guiding students. All these helped me a lot in many aspects, especially in my determination on the research path. Yet some people around me provided vital support. A postdoc taught me the importance of note taking, technicians helped me design experiments, and my advisers expressed faith in my ability to complete projects. Sharing meals and laughter with colleagues as we explored Salt Lake City created a sense of belonging that enriched both my work and life. And my memories of Lebanon and the adaptability of its people strengthened my resolve. Initially, I viewed my postdoctoral position as a steppingstone to my medical career. But now, 2 years into it, I am seriously considering becoming a physician-scientist. This transition (过渡) will bridge my past and future, enabling me to stay grounded in the values that shaped me while accepting the potential and complexities of research. I don’t know whether or when I’ll return to Lebanon, but the lessons I learned there will be with me for life. 4. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To inspire deeper thinking. B. To present an argument. C. To make a comparison. D. To tell the background. 5. What can we learn from the author’s postdoctoral career? A. Barriers could be avoided. B. Challenges fueled growth. C. Clinical work was relaxing. D. Diagnosis was stress-free. 6. How did the author become more adaptable? A. By building social bonds and recalling. B. By using self-directed learning method. C. By reflecting upon his past and present. D. By reading touching stories of Lebanon. 7 What is the best title of the text? A. Economic Crisis and Career Choices B. Lab Challenges and Clinical Practice C. Medical Research Is Harder than Clinical Work D. Adaptability and Support Help Reshape Life Path C If we think about how our life in the future will be, keeping in mind the advancement in science, we will be amazed but also there is a major matter of concern, because with the amount of resource exploitation and pollution it is unavoidable that the after-effects are worse in the coming years. For today’s discussion, let’s fast forward our life to let us say fifty years from now and analyze how our life will be in our future. Let us first discuss the positive sides of the future in every field. Food which has always been our source of energy has also undergone many improvements and new inventions, from hybrids (杂交植物) to growing plants in LED lights. We may get adapted to genetically improved plants as a solution to feed people due to the increasing population. Speaking about the future of work, it will no more be humans sitting in front of machines for hours and hours to earn a living. But instead, automation will be leading the show wiping out the need for human effort. Not just in the industry world, automation, and most likely advanced robots automation and robots with advanced technology will be installed for better and faster performance. The major advantage of an increase in technology will be to the health department. It has helped to increase the birth rate. Technology in the future will be way superior to that of today, even better than other fields like food, health, connections, and work. We’re going into a future where improved battery innovation will probably empower better electric vehicles, individual flying machines and other applications. With this, we can say that with advancements made by man, there will be population growth, increasing pollution, and fewer resources available for everyone to accommodate (容纳). I would like to add the final points that, the future is unpredictable, while this may or may not, but it is always good to prepare ourselves for things to come ahead in time. 8. Which does the author agree with about the future life? A. There is a mixture of good and bad. B. We will have a very bad future then. C. All the negative sides will disappear. D. No actual improvement will be made. 9. Why should we adapt to genetically improved plants in the future? A To make our food taste good. B. To make room for departments. C. To spare more land for industry. D. To feed the rapidly-growing people. 10. What does the underlined part “leading the show” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Setting a new trend. B. Playing a vital role. C. Taking a short cut. D. Making a good impression. 11. What is the author’s opinion of the future? A. It is dominated by automation. B. Our initiatives for it are necessary. C. It is certain to be full of problems. D. Technology will solve most problems. D Research has shown that physical appearance has a big impact on a person’s mental health, social interactions and opportunities in life. Attractive people often benefit from social biases (偏见), while those seen as less attractive may face challenges like lower confidence, social exclusion and fewer opportunities. A study done in 2022 showed how society’s views on appearance influence interactions. Participants were shown photos of people with different looks and asked to rate their intelligence, likability and trustworthiness. The results were clear: people considered more attractive received higher ratings in all categories. Furthermore, attractive people were more likely to be described as confident and capable, while less attractive individuals were often marginalized or associated with negative stereotypes (刻板印象). This bias was especially noticeable in group settings, where attractive people were more likely to be included and listened to during discussions. The emotional impact of this bias is also significant. Attractive people often have higher self-respect because they get more praises and positive feedback. However, this advantage comes with pressure, as attractive individuals may feel stressed about maintaining their appearance, leading to anxiety as they age. On the other hand, less attractive people often struggle with feelings of low self-worth, which contribute to depression and anxiety. The workplace is also affected by these biases. Research shows that attractive people are more likely to be hired, promoted and earn higher salaries. Employers often naturally link attractiveness to ability, confidence and leadership qualities. This creates a disadvantage for people who don’t meet traditional beauty standards, forcing them to work harder to gain recognition. To address these biases, researchers emphasize the importance of promoting inclusivity and challenging conventional social concepts. By encouraging self-acceptance and appreciating different kinds of beauty, society can create a fairer environment that values individuals for their character and abilities, not just their appearance. 12. What does the underlined word “marginalized” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Blamed. B. Disvauled. C. Included. D. Abused. 13. What impacts can appearance bias have on people? A. Employers value looks over abilities. B. Attractive people have better mental health. C. Less attractive people are less likely to succeed. D. Both attractive and less attractive face emotional challenges. 14. How can society create a fairer environment? A. By overlooking outer beauty. B. By meeting social expectations. C. By advocating enjoying diverse beauty. D. By applying universal beauty standards. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To call for a fairer and more inclusive society. B To explain how appearance impacts individual life. C. To address the psychological effects of appearance. D. To argue that only attractive people can succeed in life. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When we feel threatened or stressed, our brain produces chemicals which raise energy and sharpen focus, helping us react quickly to danger. ____16____ For example, the pressure of an upcoming performance might motivate you to practice harder. Studies also show that mild stress can improve memory by activating parts of the brain involved in learning. ____17____ Normally when we experience a stressful event, stress hormones (激素) are released for about 15 to 30 minutes. But if we face multiple or persistent stress day after day, we will suffer from problems like sleeplessness, brain fog, digestive issues, and even heart disease. So how much stress is too much stress? ____18____ Different factors like your genetics, environment, and even your age, can influence the way your body responds. But no matter what your situation is, there are tools that can make dealing with stress a bit easier. Physical activity is a powerful stress reducer. Exercise creates new brain cells, making it easier to recover. A run through the park or a basketball game with friends can be a great distraction (分心事) from whatever is stressing you out. ____19____ Interacting with friends or family can lower stress hormone levels. Simple mindfulness practices, like deep breathing or journaling, build awareness of our emotions and keep us focused on the present. While we can't avoid life's challenges, understanding our stress response and using these tools can help us face them more calmly and effectively. By managing stress wisely, we can turn it from an enemy into a friend. ____20____ A. Social connection also helps. B. Small amounts of stress can even be helpful. C. It may help us grow stronger and live healthier. D. However, problems arise when stress becomes constant. E. Today, though, we initiate this response in many situations. F. Doctors recommend regular check-ups to monitor stress levels. G. It's difficult to say, as not everyone experiences stress in the same way. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to talk myself out of almost anything. “I’ll work out tomorrow” or “It’s just not a good time” — I had a mental library of these little ____21____ that kept me from actually doing what I wanted. Each felt justified in the moment, but deep down, I knew they would ____22____ me back. The turning point came when I ____23____ that these small things were creating an invisible chain that I couldn’t break. I found myself ____24____, since the weight of my unfulfilled intentions was heavy. I knew something had to ____25____. I started making deals with myself to just do ____26____. For example, I’d say, when doing ____27____, “You only have to fold five shirts” or “Just wash the dishes for five minutes”. ____28____, it sounded funnily small, but once I continued, five minutes would often turn into fifteen or even more. This approach made the tasks feel less ____29____. Then I learned how to gently call myself out. When I’d start saying “I’ll do it tomorrow”, I’d ____30____, “It’s just an excuse.” This change in ____31____ was remarkable. I started to see the power of taking even the ____32____ action. Yes, I still have lazy days, but now I know each small ____33____ against excuses is building my confidence and ____34____ my determination to change. I’m learning that progress isn’t about ____35____; it’s about taking action. 21. A. problems B. mistakes C. excuses D. hobbies 22. A. hold B. push C. pull D. pay 23. A. remembered B. realized C. proved D. replied 24. A. ambitious B. relaxed C. curious D. depressed 25. A. leave B. exist C. occur D. change 26. A. enough B. a tiny bit C. nothing D. a great deal 27. A. homework B. sports C. housework D. exercises 28. A. Occasionally B. Initially C. Finally D. Frequently 29. A. satisfying B. demanding C. disappointing D. exciting 30. A. prefer to B. agree with C. respond with D. react to 31. A. emotion B. attention C. belief D. attitude 32. A. bravest B. smallest C. fastest D. riskiest 33. A. campaign B. failure C. delight D. victory 34. A. reducing B. losing C. enhancing D. hiding 35. A. perfection B. imagination C. speed D. luck 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Andrea Carter was about 10 years old when she realized she wanted to devote her life to growing food. Growing up in Bethesda, Maryland with a few nearby farms, Carter spent many hours ____36____ (get) her hands dirty in a neighbor’s fields. “There wasn’t much to do except to weed tomatoes and pull kale,” she told Your Hot Job. “Looking back, it was ____37____ gift to be exposed to the outdoors, to farming, to where food comes from.” Today, Carter is an agronomist, a scientist ____38____ studies how plants grow. Agronomists, also known as crop scientists, use that knowledge to help farmers produce much ____39____ (good) crops in lager quantities. Because there are many ____40____ (factor) involved in plant growth, agronomists usually have a specific focus. For example, some ____41____ (special) in soil management, which involves keeping the soil healthy enough to grow plants. Others become experts on controlling weeds or protecting crops ____42____ insects and diseases. Carter focuses on desert plants, a choice ____43____ (influence) by her childhood: Carter’s mom is from North Africa, and the family spent time in Tunisia, a country with vast stretches of desert. That led Carter ____44____ (pursue) a PhD in plant science at the University of Arizona, in Tucson. The city is in the Sonoran Desert, where plants survive with minimal rain. “I came out to Arizona to learn about how people _____45_____ (farm) in this dry landscape for thousands of years,” Carter says. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的交换生好友Tom来信提到，室友小明经常在就寝后玩手机，导致他白天上课犯困，成绩下降。在劝说无效后，Tom犹豫是否应向老师报告此事。请你用英语给他写封信，内容包括： 1. 提出建议； 2. 阐明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mr. George had raised his grandson Alex alone since Alex’s parents passed away. With rough hands and a heart full of love, he’d fixed countless scraped (擦伤) knees and listened to Alex’s dreams with steady patience. Now, as Alex threw his backpack onto the old sofa, Mr. George’s blue eyes followed him tiredly. “Emma’s dad made her a cool specially-made bike,” Alex complained, watching his grandfather repair his soccer socks with shaky hands. The old clay piggy bank between them held only a few coins, making soft sounds. Mr. George’s small pension (抚恤金) was just enough for basic food, and the sad look in his eyes when he said “I’ll… try” made Alex’s chest hurt. Without another word, Alex rushed out, ignoring the reused calendar stuck behind the fridge, its pages marked with red circles. One cold morning, as Alex took a shortcut along a path with classmates, he suddenly stopped. There was Mr. George, halfway inside a recycling dustbin, carefully picking up an old bicycle chain. His classmates started laughing. “Look at the waste collector!” Jake shouted. Jessica took photos with her phone. Alex felt terrible shame. His face turned red. “Stop making me feel bad!” he yelled angrily, pushing away Mr. George’s reaching hand — the same hand that had held him during his first unsteady bike rides. Weeks of cold silence followed. Every morning, Alex found his lunchbox filled with extra sandwiches and snacks, but he never ate them. Every night, soft knocking noises came from the garage, but he wouldn’t check. On his 17th birthday, Alex woke to find a shoebox wrapped in old pages. Inside lay a shiny metal bicycle bell, carved with small gears (齿轮), and a note. The note said, “Dear Alex, I’m sorry I couldn’t buy you the bike you wanted. I started collecting recyclables to save up, but I never meant to embarrass you. You’re the most precious thing in my life. Every ride needs a sound. This bell will ring when you’re ready to listen. Forgive my old-fashioned ways.” After seeing the words, Alex was reduced to tears, with a stream of warmth and regret across his body. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Alex rushed outside and saw the special bike made from used metal against the fence. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That very night Mr. George’s serious coughs woke Alex. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024—2025学年度高二年级5月联考 英语试题 本试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1、答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Kangaroo Island is a paradise getaway perfect to refresh yourselves. With plenty of diverse animals and breathtaking views to take in, Kangaroo Island has it all beyond kangaroos! Wildlife on Kangaroo Island You can visit one of the wildlife parks to get up close and personal with the local wildlife. Seal Bay is one of the most popular places to visit. The sand beach of it is a popular hangout for seal observation. Wander along the beach and see these beautiful beings. Don’t get too close though as they are wild animals after all, and no one wants to get hurt. You can take photos as they swim in the sea, lie on the warm sand and rocks, or nurse their cute babies. If that doesn’t satisfy your animal passions, go to the Flinders Chase National Park. This protected area is filled with native plants and animals. Keep an eye out for the rare platypus (鸭嘴兽) which can be seen playing just under the surface of waterways in the park. Top Attractions around Kangaroo Island No trip to Kangaroo Island is complete without a visit to its most famous attractions. Instead of tourist attractions, it remains rural and underdeveloped, promising a pure natural experience where you can see farmhouses, local markets and endless countryside scenery. Visit the two impressive lighthouses sitting along the coast in Flinders Chase National Park. This coastline has a large quantity of natural wonders that are unforgettable. Within the national park lies the Admirals Arch. You will be blown away by the magnificent natural arch formed by weather and sea rough waves. The island’s most impressive natural landmark, the spot is not only great for some unique formations but home to a seal settlement among the beach rocks. 1. What should be avoided when you observe seals? A. Touching them. B. Taking pictures of them. C. Sitting on the coast. D. Walking by the beach. 2. Why is Kangaroo Island viewed as a pure nature destination? A. It is well developed. B. It is under protection. C. It continues to be poor. D. It remains untouched. 3. Where can you find natural wonders? A. The sand beach of Seal Bay. B. The tourist resorts of the island. C. The coast in Flinders Chase National Park. D. The waterways in Flinders Chase National Park. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚的袋鼠岛，说明了岛上丰富的动物资源和令人叹为观止的景色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The sand beach of it is a popular hangout for seal observation. Wander along the beach and see these beautiful beings. Don’t get too close though as they are wild animals after all, and no one wants to get hurt.(这里的沙滩是观察海豹的好去处。沿着海滩漫步，看看这些美丽的生物。不过不要得太近，因为它们毕竟是野生动物，没有人想受伤。)”可知，观察海豹时应避免触摸它们。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Instead of tourist attractions, it remains rural and underdeveloped, promising a pure natural experience where you can see farmhouses, local markets and endless countryside scenery.(它不是旅游景点，这儿仍然是农村和不发达，承诺提供一个纯粹的自然体验，在这里你可以看到农舍，当地市场和无尽的乡村风景。)”可知，袋鼠岛被视为一个纯粹的自然目的地的原因是袋鼠岛仍然保持原生态的。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Visit the two impressive lighthouses sitting along the coast in Flinders Chase National Park. This coastline has a large quantity of natural wonders that are unforgettable.(参观弗林德斯蔡斯国家公园沿岸的两座令人印象深刻的灯塔。这条海岸线上有许多令人难忘的自然奇观。)”可知，在弗林德斯蔡斯国家公园的海岸，可以看到许多令人难忘的自然景观。故选C项。 B While I was a medical student, the adaptability I learned from my parents when I was a boy was tested by the chaos of a series of events in Lebanon. Many people, including my parents, lost their life savings due to economic crises. Despite all that, I remained focused and completed my degree. Finally, it was my turn to leave home in search of a brighter future. I arrived in Utah as a postdoctoral fellow, hoping to gain research experience to back my application to US medical residency programs. However, research proved far more challenging than I expected. In medicine, I was trained to diagnose (诊断) and treat patients, with clear and often immediate outcomes. The lab was a different world — experiments took time to set up, data had to be carefully analyzed, and results often didn’t come out as expected. One set of experiments failed entirely at first — then took months of controlling one variable after another to get running. And I faced new challenges, including leading projects and guiding students. All these helped me a lot in many aspects, especially in my determination on the research path. Yet some people around me provided vital support. A postdoc taught me the importance of note taking, technicians helped me design experiments, and my advisers expressed faith in my ability to complete projects. Sharing meals and laughter with colleagues as we explored Salt Lake City created a sense of belonging that enriched both my work and life. And my memories of Lebanon and the adaptability of its people strengthened my resolve. Initially, I viewed my postdoctoral position as a steppingstone to my medical career. But now, 2 years into it, I am seriously considering becoming a physician-scientist. This transition (过渡) will bridge my past and future, enabling me to stay grounded in the values that shaped me while accepting the potential and complexities of research. I don’t know whether or when I’ll return to Lebanon, but the lessons I learned there will be with me for life. 4. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To inspire deeper thinking. B. To present an argument. C. To make a comparison. D. To tell the background. 5. What can we learn from the author’s postdoctoral career? A. Barriers could be avoided. B. Challenges fueled growth. C. Clinical work was relaxing. D. Diagnosis was stress-free. 6. How did the author become more adaptable? A. By building social bonds and recalling. B. By using self-directed learning method. C. By reflecting upon his past and present. D. By reading touching stories of Lebanon. 7. What is the best title of the text? A. Economic Crisis and Career Choices B. Lab Challenges and Clinical Practice C. Medical Research Is Harder than Clinical Work D. Adaptability and Support Help Reshape Life Path 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在黎巴嫩经济危机中培养适应能力，博士后阶段遇挑战获支持，重新思考职业规划，从而通过感悟适应力与支持重塑人生。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“While I was a medical student, the adaptability I learned from my parents when I was a boy was tested by the chaos of a series of events in Lebanon. Many people, including my parents, lost their life savings due to economic crises. (当我还是一名医学生时，我小时候从父母那里学到的适应能力，在黎巴嫩一系列混乱事件中受到了考验。包括我父母在内的许多人，因经济危机失去了毕生积蓄。)”可知，第一段介绍了作者的家庭背景、成长环境及后来面临的困境，为后文讲述其职业发展做铺垫。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The lab was a different world — experiments took time to set up, data had to be carefully analyzed, and results often didn’t come out as expected. One set of experiments failed entirely at first — then took months of controlling one variable after another to get running. And I faced new challenges, including leading projects and guiding students. All these helped me a lot in many aspects, especially in my determination on the research path. (实验室是一个不同的世界 —— 实验需要时间设置，数据必须仔细分析，结果往往不如预期。一组实验起初完全失败，后来花了几个月时间逐一控制变量才得以进行。我还面临新的挑战，包括领导项目和指导学生。所有这些在许多方面对我帮助很大，尤其是在我对研究道路的决心上。)”可知，作者在博士后阶段遇到的挑战（如实验失败、领导项目等）促使他成长，增强了他在研究领域的决心。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A postdoc taught me the importance of note taking, technicians helped me design experiments, and my advisers expressed faith in my ability to complete projects. Sharing meals and laughter with colleagues as we explored Salt Lake City created a sense of belonging that enriched both my work and life. And my memories of Lebanon and the adaptability of its people strengthened my resolve. (一位博士后教我记笔记的重要性，技术人员帮助我设计实验，我的导师们对我完成项目的能力表示信任。与同事们在探索盐湖城时共享美食、欢笑，创造了一种归属感，丰富了我的工作和生活。我对黎巴嫩的回忆以及那里人民的适应能力，也增强了我的决心。)”可知，作者通过建立社交联系（同事的支持）和回忆黎巴嫩的经历（家庭与成长背景的影响）提升了适应能力。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕作者的成长经历展开，第一段强调从父母那里学到的adaptability (适应能力)，第三段提到周围人的support (支持)，最后一段指出这些因素促使他重新思考职业道路，考虑成为physician-scientist (医生兼科学家)。全文核心在于“适应能力”和“他人支持”如何重塑人生轨迹。所以D选项Adaptability and Support Help Reshape Life Path (适应能力与支持帮助重塑人生道路)精准概括了文章主旨。故选D项。 C If we think about how our life in the future will be, keeping in mind the advancement in science, we will be amazed but also there is a major matter of concern, because with the amount of resource exploitation and pollution it is unavoidable that the after-effects are worse in the coming years. For today’s discussion, let’s fast forward our life to let us say fifty years from now and analyze how our life will be in our future. Let us first discuss the positive sides of the future in every field. Food which has always been our source of energy has also undergone many improvements and new inventions, from hybrids (杂交植物) to growing plants in LED lights. We may get adapted to genetically improved plants as a solution to feed people due to the increasing population. Speaking about the future of work, it will no more be humans sitting in front of machines for hours and hours to earn a living. But instead, automation will be leading the show wiping out the need for human effort. Not just in the industry world, automation, and most likely advanced robots automation and robots with advanced technology will be installed for better and faster performance. The major advantage of an increase in technology will be to the health department. It has helped to increase the birth rate. Technology in the future will be way superior to that of today, even better than other fields like food, health, connections, and work. We’re going into a future where improved battery innovation will probably empower better electric vehicles, individual flying machines and other applications. With this, we can say that with advancements made by man, there will be population growth, increasing pollution, and fewer resources available for everyone to accommodate (容纳). I would like to add the final points that, the future is unpredictable, while this may or may not, but it is always good to prepare ourselves for things to come ahead in time. 8. Which does the author agree with about the future life? A. There is a mixture of good and bad. B. We will have a very bad future then. C. All the negative sides will disappear. D. No actual improvement will be made. 9. Why should we adapt to genetically improved plants in the future? A. To make our food taste good. B. To make room for departments. C. To spare more land for industry. D. To feed the rapidly-growing people. 10. What does the underlined part “leading the show” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Setting a new trend. B. Playing a vital role. C. Taking a short cut. D. Making a good impression. 11. What is the author’s opinion of the future? A. It is dominated by automation. B. Our initiatives for it are necessary. C. It is certain to be full of problems. D. Technology will solve most problems. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过列举未来科技在食品、工作、健康等领域的潜在影响，客观分析其利弊（如资源压力与技术进步），并最终提出建议。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“If we think about how our life in the future will be, keeping in mind the advancement in science, we will be amazed but also there is a major matter of concern, because with the amount of resource exploitation and pollution it is unavoidable that the after-effects are worse in the coming years.(如果我们考虑我们未来的生活将如何，记住科学的进步，我们会感到惊讶，但也有一个主要的问题值得关注，因为随着资源开发和污染的数量，不可避免的是，未来几年的后果会更糟。)”和最后一段中“With this, we can say that with advancements made by man, there will be population growth, increasing pollution, and fewer resources available for everyone to accommodate (容纳).(据此，我们可以说，随着人类的进步，人口将会增长，污染将会加剧，可供每个人居住的资源将会减少。)”可知，文章既提到科技进步带来的积极影响（如食品改良、自动化、医疗进步），也提到资源枯竭、污染等负面问题。因此未来是利弊并存的。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“We may get adapted to genetically improved plants as a solution to feed people due to the increasing population.(由于人口不断增加，我们可能会适应转基因植物作为养活人口的解决方案。)”可知，我们适应基因改良农作物是为了满足日益增长的人口的需求。故选D项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词句后文“wiping out the need for human effort. Not just in the industry world, automation, and most likely advanced robots automation and robots with advanced technology will be installed for better and faster performance.(消除对人力劳动的需求。不仅在工业领域，自动化和最有可能的先进机器人自动化和具有先进技术的机器人将被安装，以获得更好更快的性能。)”说明自动化将在工业生产中发挥重要作用，从而消除对人力劳动的需求，从而推知划线短语应为“发挥重要作用”的意思，与B项同义。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I would like to add the final points that, the future is unpredictable, while this may or may not, but it is always good to prepare ourselves for things to come ahead in time.(我想补充最后一点，未来是不可预测的，虽然这可能发生也可能不发生，但为事情的到来做好准备总是好的。)”可知，作者认为对于未来我们的主动性是必要的。故选B项。 D Research has shown that physical appearance has a big impact on a person’s mental health, social interactions and opportunities in life. Attractive people often benefit from social biases (偏见), while those seen as less attractive may face challenges like lower confidence, social exclusion and fewer opportunities. A study done in 2022 showed how society’s views on appearance influence interactions. Participants were shown photos of people with different looks and asked to rate their intelligence, likability and trustworthiness. The results were clear: people considered more attractive received higher ratings in all categories. Furthermore, attractive people were more likely to be described as confident and capable, while less attractive individuals were often marginalized or associated with negative stereotypes (刻板印象). This bias was especially noticeable in group settings, where attractive people were more likely to be included and listened to during discussions. The emotional impact of this bias is also significant. Attractive people often have higher self-respect because they get more praises and positive feedback. However, this advantage comes with pressure, as attractive individuals may feel stressed about maintaining their appearance, leading to anxiety as they age. On the other hand, less attractive people often struggle with feelings of low self-worth, which contribute to depression and anxiety. The workplace is also affected by these biases. Research shows that attractive people are more likely to be hired, promoted and earn higher salaries. Employers often naturally link attractiveness to ability, confidence and leadership qualities. This creates a disadvantage for people who don’t meet traditional beauty standards, forcing them to work harder to gain recognition. To address these biases, researchers emphasize the importance of promoting inclusivity and challenging conventional social concepts. By encouraging self-acceptance and appreciating different kinds of beauty, society can create a fairer environment that values individuals for their character and abilities, not just their appearance. 12. What does the underlined word “marginalized” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Blamed. B. Disvauled. C. Included. D. Abused. 13. What impacts can appearance bias have on people? A. Employers value looks over abilities. B. Attractive people have better mental health. C. Less attractive people are less likely to succeed. D. Both attractive and less attractive face emotional challenges. 14. How can society create a fairer environment? A. By overlooking outer beauty. B. By meeting social expectations. C. By advocating enjoying diverse beauty. D. By applying universal beauty standards. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To call for a fairer and more inclusive society. B. To explain how appearance impacts individual life. C. To address the psychological effects of appearance. D. To argue that only attractive people can succeed in life. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了外貌对个人心理健康、社会互动和生活机会的影响，以及外貌偏见带来的情感挑战和职场影响，最后提出了通过促进包容性和挑战传统社会观念来创造更公平环境的建议。 【12题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段“people considered more attractive received higher ratings in all categories. Furthermore, attractive people were more likely to be described as confident and capable, while less attractive individuals were often … or associated with negative stereotypes (刻板印象).(被认为更有吸引力的人在所有类别中都获得了更高的评价。此外，有吸引力的人更可能被描述为自信且有能力，而不那么有吸引力的人则经常被……或与负面刻板印象联系在一起)”可知，有吸引力的人在各项评价中得分更高，而缺乏吸引力的人常与负面刻板印象相关联。通过“while”形成对比逻辑，可推断“marginalized”应与前文“被重视”含义相反，所以划线词的含义为“被轻视、贬低”。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The emotional impact of this bias is also significant. Attractive people often have higher self-respect because they get more praises and positive feedback. However, this advantage comes with pressure, as attractive individuals may feel stressed about maintaining their appearance, leading to anxiety as they age. On the other hand, less attractive people often struggle with feelings of low self-worth, which contribute to depression and anxiety.(这种偏见的情感影响也很显著。有魅力的人通常自尊心更强，因为他们会得到更多的赞扬和积极的反馈。然而，这种优势也伴随着压力，因为有魅力的人可能会因为要保持自己的外表而感到压力，随着年龄的增长，这会导致焦虑。另一方面，不太有魅力的人常常与低自尊感作斗争，这会导致抑郁和焦虑。)”可知，有魅力和不太有魅力的人都面临情感挑战。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“To address these biases, researchers emphasize the importance of promoting inclusivity and challenging conventional social concepts. By encouraging self-acceptance and appreciating different kinds of beauty, society can create a fairer environment that values individuals for their character and abilities, not just their appearance.(为了解决这些偏见，研究人员强调了促进包容性和挑战传统社会观念的重要性。通过鼓励自我接纳和欣赏不同类型的美丽，社会可以创造一个更公平的环境，让人们因为自己的性格和能力而受到重视，而不仅仅是外表。)”，由此可知，社会可以通过倡导欣赏多样的美来创造一个更公平的环境。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要探讨了外貌对个人心理健康、社会互动和生活机会的影响，以及外貌偏见带来的情感挑战和职场影响，最后提出了通过促进包容性和挑战传统社会观念来创造更公平环境的建议，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁建立一个更公平、更包容的社会。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When we feel threatened or stressed, our brain produces chemicals which raise energy and sharpen focus, helping us react quickly to danger. ____16____ For example, the pressure of an upcoming performance might motivate you to practice harder. Studies also show that mild stress can improve memory by activating parts of the brain involved in learning. ____17____ Normally when we experience a stressful event, stress hormones (激素) are released for about 15 to 30 minutes. But if we face multiple or persistent stress day after day, we will suffer from problems like sleeplessness, brain fog, digestive issues, and even heart disease. So how much stress is too much stress? ____18____ Different factors like your genetics, environment, and even your age, can influence the way your body responds. But no matter what your situation is, there are tools that can make dealing with stress a bit easier. Physical activity is a powerful stress reducer. Exercise creates new brain cells, making it easier to recover. A run through the park or a basketball game with friends can be a great distraction (分心事) from whatever is stressing you out. ____19____ Interacting with friends or family can lower stress hormone levels. Simple mindfulness practices, like deep breathing or journaling, build awareness of our emotions and keep us focused on the present. While we can't avoid life's challenges, understanding our stress response and using these tools can help us face them more calmly and effectively. By managing stress wisely, we can turn it from an enemy into a friend. ____20____ A. Social connection also helps. B. Small amounts of stress can even be helpful. C. It may help us grow stronger and live healthier. D. However, problems arise when stress becomes constant. E. Today, though, we initiate this response in many situations. F. Doctors recommend regular check-ups to monitor stress levels. G. It's difficult to say, as not everyone experiences stress in the same way. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了压力对人的影响，适度的压力有益，而持续的压力会带来问题，同时还介绍了应对压力的方法，以及合理管理压力能带来的好处。 【16题详解】 根据上文“When we feel threatened or stressed, our brain produces chemicals which raise energy and sharpen focus, helping us react quickly to danger.(当我们感到受到威胁或有压力时，我们的大脑会产生化学物质，这些物质会提高能量并增强注意力，帮助我们快速对危险做出反应)”以及下文“For example, the pressure of an upcoming performance might motivate you to practice harder. Studies also show that mild stress can improve memory by activating parts of the brain involved in learning.(例如，即将到来的表演的压力可能会激励你更努力地练习。研究还表明，轻微的压力可以通过激活大脑中参与学习的部分来提高记忆力)”可知，此处在说少量压力是有帮助的，与B项“Small amounts of stress can even be helpful.(少量的压力甚至可能是有益的)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Normally when we experience a stressful event, stress hormones (激素) are released for about 15 to 30 minutes. But if we face multiple or persistent stress day after day, we will suffer from problems like sleeplessness, brain fog, digestive issues, and even heart disease.(通常，当我们经历一个压力事件时，压力激素会释放大约15到30分钟。但如果我们日复一日地面临多重或持续的压力，我们将遭受失眠、脑雾、消化问题，甚至心脏病等问题)”可知，此处在说当压力持续时就会出现问题，与D项“However, problems arise when stress becomes constant.(然而，当压力持续时，问题就会出现)”表达的意思一致，故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“So how much stress is too much stress? (那么，多少压力算压力过大呢？)”可知上文提出了“多少压力算压力过大”这么一个问题，再根据下文“Different factors like your genetics, environment, and even your age, can influence the way your body responds.(不同的因素，如你的基因、环境，甚至你的年龄，都会影响你的身体反应方式)”可知，下文说的是因为每个人情况不同，所以每个人的身体反应不同，可推理出空白处说的是因人而异导致很难说多少压力算过大，与G项“It's difficult to say, as not everyone experiences stress in the same way.(很难说，因为不是每个人经历压力的方式都一样)”表达的意思一致，故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Physical activity is a powerful stress reducer. Exercise creates new brain cells, making it easier to recover. A run through the park or a basketball game with friends can be a great distraction (分心事) from whatever is stressing you out.(体育活动是一种强大的减压方式。锻炼会产生新的脑细胞，使恢复更容易。在公园跑步或和朋友打篮球可以很好地分散你对任何让你感到压力的事情的注意力)”可知上文说的是体育活动能减压，再根据下文“Interacting with friends or family can lower stress hormone levels.(与朋友或家人互动可以降低压力激素水平)”可知，下文说的是与朋友或家人互动可以降低压力激素水平，可知此处说的是有助于减压的方式，A项“Social connection also helps.(社交联系也有帮助)”中提到了“社交联系”，这也是一种有助于减压的方式，符合语境，故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“By managing stress wisely, we can turn it from an enemy into a friend. (通过明智地管理压力，我们可以把它从敌人变成朋友)”可知，上文说的是要明智地管理压力，化敌为友，可推理出此处在说合理管理压力能带来的好处，与C项“It may help us grow stronger and live healthier.(它可能帮助我们变得更强壮，生活得更健康)”表达的意思一致，进一步说明了好处，故选C项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to talk myself out of almost anything. “I’ll work out tomorrow” or “It’s just not a good time” — I had a mental library of these little ____21____ that kept me from actually doing what I wanted. Each felt justified in the moment, but deep down, I knew they would ____22____ me back. The turning point came when I ____23____ that these small things were creating an invisible chain that I couldn’t break. I found myself ____24____, since the weight of my unfulfilled intentions was heavy. I knew something had to ____25____. I started making deals with myself to just do ____26____. For example, I’d say, when doing ____27____, “You only have to fold five shirts” or “Just wash the dishes for five minutes”. ____28____, it sounded funnily small, but once I continued, five minutes would often turn into fifteen or even more. This approach made the tasks feel less ____29____. Then, I learned how to gently call myself out. When I’d start saying “I’ll do it tomorrow”, I’d ____30____, “It’s just an excuse.” This change in ____31____ was remarkable. I started to see the power of taking even the ____32____ action. Yes, I still have lazy days, but now I know each small ____33____ against excuses is building my confidence and ____34____ my determination to change. I’m learning that progress isn’t about ____35____; it’s about taking action. 21. A. problems B. mistakes C. excuses D. hobbies 22. A. hold B. push C. pull D. pay 23. A. remembered B. realized C. proved D. replied 24. A. ambitious B. relaxed C. curious D. depressed 25. A. leave B. exist C. occur D. change 26. A. enough B. a tiny bit C. nothing D. a great deal 27. A. homework B. sports C. housework D. exercises 28. A. Occasionally B. Initially C. Finally D. Frequently 29. A. satisfying B. demanding C. disappointing D. exciting 30. A. prefer to B. agree with C. respond with D. react to 31. A. emotion B. attention C. belief D. attitude 32. A. bravest B. smallest C. fastest D. riskiest 33. A. campaign B. failure C. delight D. victory 34. A. reducing B. losing C. enhancing D. hiding 35. A. perfection B. imagination C. speed D. luck 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者曾用借口逃避行动，后意识到问题，通过微小行动和改变态度对抗拖延，明白进步在于行动而非完美。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里有一堆这样的小借口，让我无法真正去做想做的事。A. problems问题；B. mistakes错误；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据上文“I’ll work out tomorrow”等拖延的话可知，这些都是自我说服的借口，此空与下文“it’s just an excuse”呼应。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在内心深处，我知道它们会阻碍我。A. hold抓住；B. push推动；C. pull拉；D. pay支付。根据下文“me back”以及语境可知，这里考查hold sb. back“阻碍某人”，符合借口对行动的负面影响。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：转折点出现在我意识到这些小事正在形成一条我无法打破的无形锁链时。A. remembered记得；B. realized意识到；C. proved证明；D. replied回复。根据上文“turning point”以及语境可知，这里指作者开始意识到借口的危害，从而引发改变。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己很沮丧，因为未实现的愿望带来的压力很大。A. ambitious有野心的；B. relaxed放松的；C. curious好奇的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据下文“since the weight of my unfulfilled intentions was heavy”以及语境可知，未实现的愿望会带来的压力，从而导致情绪低落，depressed符合语境。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道有些事情必须改变。A. leave离开；B. exist存在；C. occur发生；D. change改变。根据上文“I found myself 　　4　　, since the weight of my unfulfilled intentions was heavy.”可知，上文提到现状令人沮丧，故此处表示必须改变。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查代词和短语辨析句意：我开始和自己约定，只做一点点。A. enough足够；B. a tiny bit一点点；C. nothing没有；D. a great deal大量。根据下文“fold five shirts”和“five minutes”可知，作者采取微小行动策略，a tiny bit符合文意。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，当做家务时，我说 “你只需要叠五件衬衫”或“只需洗碗五分钟”。A. homework作业；B. sports运动；C. housework家务；D. exercises锻炼。根据下文“fold shirts”和“wash dishes”可知，这些均属于家务范畴，housework符合语境。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，这听起来小得可笑，但一旦我继续下去，五分钟往往会变成十五分钟甚至更久。A. Occasionally偶尔；B. Initially起初；C. Finally最终；D. Frequently频繁地。根据下文“but once I continued”以及语境可知，这里与“once I continued”形成时间对比，initially表示最初的感受，符合语境。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种方法让任务感觉不那么难以应付。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. demanding苛求的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“This approach made the tasks feel less”以及语境可知，通过分解任务，原本艰巨的任务变得容易，demanding与less搭配表示“不再难以应对”，符合语境。故选B项。 30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我开始说“我明天再做”时，我会回应：“这只是个借口。”A. prefer to更喜欢；B. agree with同意；C. respond with回应；D. react to反应。根据下文“It’s just an excuse”以及语境可知，此处指内心对借口的反驳，respond with符合“自我对话”的语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种态度的转变是非凡的。A. emotion情绪；B. attention注意力；C. belief信念；D. attitude态度。根据上文“ I’d 　10　, ‘It’s just an excuse.’”以及语境可知，从“找借口”到“反驳借口”是态度的转变，attitude符合文意。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始看到即使是最小的行动的力量。A. bravest最勇敢的；B. smallest最小的；C. fastest最快的；D. riskiest最危险的。根据上文“a tiny bit”和“five minutes”可知，这里与上文呼应，强调微小行动的价值，smallest符合主题。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在我知道，每一次对抗借口的小胜利都在建立我的信心，增强我改变的决心。A. campaign运动；B. failure失败；C. delight快乐；D. victory胜利。根据下文“building my confidence and 　14　 my determination to change”以及语境可知，这里讲与借口对抗的胜利所带来的益处。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次对抗借口的小胜利都在建立我的信心，增强我改变的决心。A. reducing减少；B. losing失去；C. enhancing增强；D. hiding隐藏。根据下文“my determination to change”以及语境可知，这里表示对抗借口的成功增强作者改变的决心，enhancing符合逻辑。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白进步不在于完美，而在于采取行动。A. perfection完美；B. imagination想象；C. speed速度；D. luck运气。根据下文“it’s about taking action”以及语境可知，这里与“taking action”对比，作者强调无需追求完美，行动本身即进步，perfection符合语境。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Andrea Carter was about 10 years old when she realized she wanted to devote her life to growing food. Growing up in Bethesda, Maryland with a few nearby farms, Carter spent many hours ____36____ (get) her hands dirty in a neighbor’s fields. “There wasn’t much to do except to weed tomatoes and pull kale,” she told Your Hot Job. “Looking back, it was ____37____ gift to be exposed to the outdoors, to farming, to where food comes from.” Today, Carter is an agronomist, a scientist ____38____ studies how plants grow. Agronomists, also known as crop scientists, use that knowledge to help farmers produce much ____39____ (good) crops in lager quantities. Because there are many ____40____ (factor) involved in plant growth, agronomists usually have a specific focus. For example, some ____41____ (special) in soil management, which involves keeping the soil healthy enough to grow plants. Others become experts on controlling weeds or protecting crops ____42____ insects and diseases. Carter focuses on desert plants, a choice ____43____ (influence) by her childhood: Carter’s mom is from North Africa, and the family spent time in Tunisia, a country with vast stretches of desert. That led Carter ____44____ (pursue) a PhD in plant science at the University of Arizona, in Tucson. The city is in the Sonoran Desert, where plants survive with minimal rain. “I came out to Arizona to learn about how people _____45_____ (farm) in this dry landscape for thousands of years,” Carter says. 【答案】36. getting 37. a 38. who##that 39. better 40. factors 41. specialize 42. from##against 43. influenced 44. to pursue 45. have farmed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了农学家Andrea Carter的经历，包括她从小对种植食物的兴趣，以及如今作为农学家的研究方向和相关背景等内容。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：卡特在马里兰州贝塞斯达长大，附近有几个农场，她花了很多时间在邻居的田里干活，把手弄得脏兮兮的。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定用法，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以此处要用动名词形式。故填getting。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：回首往事，能接触到户外、农业以及食物的来源，这是一份礼物。gift是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一份礼物”，且gift的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如今，卡特是一名农学家，是一位研究植物如何生长的科学家。分析句子结构可知，　3　studies how plants grow是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a scientist，关系代词在从句中作主语，指人，所以可以用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：农学家，也被称为作物科学家，利用这些知识帮助农民以更大的产量生产出更好的作物。根据句意和空格前的副词much(修饰比较级)可知，空格处应该用形容词good的比较级better作定语，修饰下文的名词crops。故填better。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：因为植物生长涉及到很多因素，农学家通常有一个特定的研究重点。many表示“许多”，后面要接可数名词复数，factor是可数名词，所以要用复数形式factors。故填factors。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：例如，一些人专门研究土壤管理，这包括保持土壤足够健康以种植植物。空格处是句子的谓语动词，应该用动词specialize，specialize in是固定短语，表示“专门从事，擅长”；句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语some指代“一些人”，是复数，所以动词用原形。故填specialize。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：其他人则成为控制杂草或保护作物免受昆虫和疾病侵害的专家。protect...from/against...是固定搭配，表示“保护……免受……的侵害”，所以此处填介词from或against。故填from/against。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：卡特专注于沙漠植物，这一选择受到了她童年的影响。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的名词choice，choice和influence之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式作定语。故填influenced。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这促使卡特在图森的亚利桑那大学攻读植物科学博士学位。lead sb. to do sth.是固定用法，表示“引导某人做某事；促使某人做某事”，所以此处要用动词不定式形式。故填to pursue。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：“我来到亚利桑那州是为了了解人们在这片干旱的土地上耕种了数千年的方式，”卡特说。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语“for thousands of years”可知，此处表示一个动作从过去开始持续到现在，使用现在完成时，主语people是复数，助动词用have，动词farm用过去分词farmed，故填have farmed。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的交换生好友Tom来信提到，室友小明经常在就寝后玩手机，导致他白天上课犯困，成绩下降。在劝说无效后，Tom犹豫是否应向老师报告此事。请你用英语给他写封信，内容包括： 1. 提出建议； 2. 阐明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m really concerned about the trouble you’re faced with. In my view, it’s advisable to report it to your teacher. Firstly, staying up late to play with mobile phones, which is against school regulations, has a negative impact on both Xiaoming’s study and health. Secondly, you’ve already shown your care by trying hard to persuade him. Since it doesn’t work, it is a good choice for you to turn to your teacher for help. Teachers are experienced and can take effective steps to guide him back on track. I hope my suggestions will be helpful to you. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就你的交换生好友Tom来信提到室友晚上玩手机影响自己这事给他写封信。其内容包括：提出建议和阐明理由。 详解】1.词汇积累 首先：firstly→to begin with 影响：impact→influence 展示：show→display 帮助：help →assistance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： In my view, it’s advisable to report it to your teacher. 拓展句： In my view, it’s advisable that you should report it to your teacher. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m really concerned about the trouble you’re faced with. （运用了省略which或that的定语从句） 【高分句型2】 I hope my suggestions will be helpful to you.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mr. George had raised his grandson Alex alone since Alex’s parents passed away. With rough hands and a heart full of love, he’d fixed countless scraped (擦伤) knees and listened to Alex’s dreams with steady patience. Now, as Alex threw his backpack onto the old sofa, Mr. George’s blue eyes followed him tiredly. “Emma’s dad made her a cool specially-made bike,” Alex complained, watching his grandfather repair his soccer socks with shaky hands. The old clay piggy bank between them held only a few coins, making soft sounds. Mr. George’s small pension (抚恤金) was just enough for basic food, and the sad look in his eyes when he said “I’ll… try” made Alex’s chest hurt. Without another word, Alex rushed out, ignoring the reused calendar stuck behind the fridge, its pages marked with red circles. One cold morning, as Alex took a shortcut along a path with classmates, he suddenly stopped. There was Mr. George, halfway inside a recycling dustbin, carefully picking up an old bicycle chain. His classmates started laughing. “Look at the waste collector!” Jake shouted. Jessica took photos with her phone. Alex felt terrible shame. His face turned red. “Stop making me feel bad!” he yelled angrily, pushing away Mr. George’s reaching hand — the same hand that had held him during his first unsteady bike rides. Weeks of cold silence followed. Every morning, Alex found his lunchbox filled with extra sandwiches and snacks, but he never ate them. Every night, soft knocking noises came from the garage, but he wouldn’t check. On his 17th birthday, Alex woke to find a shoebox wrapped in old pages. Inside lay a shiny metal bicycle bell, carved with small gears (齿轮), and a note. The note said, “Dear Alex, I’m sorry I couldn’t buy you the bike you wanted. I started collecting recyclables to save up, but I never meant to embarrass you. You’re the most precious thing in my life. Every ride needs a sound. This bell will ring when you’re ready to listen. Forgive my old-fashioned ways.” After seeing the words, Alex was reduced to tears, with a stream of warmth and regret across his body. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Alex rushed outside and saw the special bike made from used metal against the fence. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That very night, Mr. George’s serious coughs woke Alex. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Alex rushed outside and saw the special bike made from used metal against the fence. The handlebars shone brightly, showing how carefully his grandfather had polished them. Eager to thank Mr. George, he turned towards the house. But through the kitchen window, he froze. His grandfather sat at the table, one hand bandaged, struggling to take bites of a sandwich, with a bottle of painkillers nearby. Alex’s throat tightened. All this time, his anger had blinded him to the pain his grandfather endured — all for him. He knew he had to make things right. That very night, Mr. George’s serious coughs woke Alex. The old man lay pale and weak in bed. Without a moment’s delay, Alex helped him onto the bike. As they rode to the hospital, the bicycle bell rang softly, like a sweet song. At the hospital and in the days that followed, Alex took good care of his grandfather, cooking meals and chatting with him. The scrap-metal bike, once a source of embarrassment, now stood as a symbol of their love — proving that the most precious gifts are those born from sacrifice and heart. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了爷爷George和孙子Alex之间的亲情。Alex因为家庭经济条件不好，看到同学有特别定制的自行车而羡慕，但爷爷只能通过捡回收物来攒钱，结果在同学面前让Alex感到羞耻，导致冷战。后来在Alex17岁生日时，爷爷送了一个自行车铃铛，并附上道歉的纸条，让Alex感动流泪，Alex看到自行车后，从愤怒转为感激，意识到错误想道歉，后来带爷爷去看病并贴心照顾，矛盾和解。 详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Alex冲出门外，看到了用旧金属做的特殊自行车靠在篱笆上。”可知，第一段可描写Alex发现自行车后的情感转变以及要采取的行动，意识到自己的错误，想向爷爷道歉。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在那天晚上，George先生的严重咳嗽声吵醒了Alex。”可知，第二段可围绕爷爷的健康危机展开，体现双向情感流动。 2.续写线索：Alex从愤怒到感谢——看到爷爷的痛苦——意识到错误想道歉——带爷爷治病——贴心照顾爷爷——矛盾和解 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①表明：show/indicate/reveal ②忍受：endure/bear/tolerate/put up with ③帮助：help/assist/aid 情绪类 ①痛苦：pain/ suffering/be painful/be miserable ②尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness/feel embarrassed/feel awkward 【点睛】[高分句型1]. His grandfather sat at the table, one hand bandaged, struggling to take bites of a sandwich, with a bottle of painkillers nearby.（运用了独立主格，现在分词作伴随状语以及with复合结构） [高分句型2]. At the hospital and in the days that followed, Alex took good care of his grandfather, cooking meals and chatting with him.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $