专题06 概要写作（优选上海名校真题）（上海专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 专题06 概要写作（优选上海名校真题） 1．(23-24高二下·上海新川中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future A previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of thousands of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh Path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge ledges Van Gingh’ masterpiece The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh Path is not a single case; it is not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical city lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of carbon emissions. But there’s also the belief that electrical light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of the night sky. From the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow is attempting to use intelligent street lighting to monitor how citizens interact with the urban landscape and minimize electrical consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City approach” is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers aren’t convinced. They are pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electrical light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing mechanisms (制) that already exist in the natural world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．(23-24高二下·上海川沙中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. A Wise Way to Make Families Rules All groups, of whatever size or nature, need standard operating procedures. Without them, groups may very well fall into confusion, chaos and conflict. The functions that rules can serve are indispensable. When it comes to parenting, making rules can make a big difference in our family as well. Actually, the issue is not whether our families need rules. We do need them. The real issue is how to motivate all family members to comply with (遵守) them. At some time in our lives we all have felt unmotivated to comply with some rule or policy that we had no voice in making. Denied the opportunity to participate in establishing a rule, most people feel imposed upon and resentful of the new rule. But when people actively participate in setting a rule or making a decision that will affect them, they are more highly motivated to comply with it. We call this the Principle of Participation, and it has proven its effectiveness in families as well. When children are given the opportunity to participate in setting rules or making decisions that will affect them, several good things happen. Children feel better about themselves — having more self-esteem (自尊心) and self-confidence. Such a good effect is due to their feeling that they have gained more “fate control” over their own lives. They also feel they are equal members of the family with an equal voice in making decisions and establishing rules — they’re part of a team, not second-class citizens. This means that families that function collaboratively and democratically will have closer and warmer relationships than those in which the adults act as bosses or authorities expecting the children to obey the rules made for them. Another important reason for encouraging the full participation of family members in decision making is that it often produces higher-quality solutions to problems. Two heads (or three, or four) are better than one. Shared decisions will be based not only on the knowledge and experience of the adults but also on those of the children. The admonition (告诫) that father knows best should be challenged now. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．(23-24高二下·上海进才中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Preventing Resistance The development of drug-resistant pathogens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways. First, sufficiently high concentrations of the drug can be maintained in a patient’s body for a long enough time to kill all sensitive cells and hold others long enough for the body’s defenses to defeat them. Discontinuing a drug before all of the pathogens have been neutralized promotes the development of resistance. For this reason, it is important that patients finish their entire antimicrobial prescription (抗菌药物) and resist the temptation to “save some for another day.” A second way to prevent resistance is to use antimicrobial agents in combination so that pathogens resistant to one drug will be killed by the second, and vice versa. Additionally, one drug sometimes enhances the effect of a second drug in a process called synergism. Enhanced effect can also result from combining an antimicrobial drug and a chemical. A third way to reduce the development of resistance is to limit the use of antimicrobials to necessary cases. Unfortunately, many antimicrobial agents are used indiscriminately, in both developed countries and in lessdeveloped regions where many are available without a physician’s prescription. In the United States, an estimated 50 percent of prescriptions for antibacterial agents to treat sore throats and 30 percent of prescriptions for ear infections, are inappropriate because the diseases are viral in nature. Likewise, because antibacterial drugs have no effect on cold and flu viruses, 100 percent of antibacterial prescriptions for treating diseases are unnecessary. As discussed previously, the use of antimicrobial agents encourages the reproduction of resistant bacteria by limiting the growth of sensitive cells; therefore, inappropriate use of such drugs increases the likelihood that resistance of bacteria will multiply. In order to maintain the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatments, responsible practices must be implemented. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．(22-23高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why You Need a Network of Casual Friends When I was laid off in 2015, I tweeted it the way any young people would in the hope that someone in my social network would point me to potential opportunities. To my surprise, a friend of a friend alerted me to an opening in her department by Facebook message, and she became my boss three rounds of interviews later. Think of the parents you see in the drop-off zone at school, your favorite waiter, the other dog owners at the park. Sociologists call these relationships “weak ties.” Not only can these connections affect our job prospects, but they can also have a positive impact on our well-being. Maintaining the network of acquaintances can help you feel more connected. The desire to belong and form social attachments is a basic human need, alongside food, sleep and safety. But once we hit 25, the number of friends we have peaks and becomes smaller over time, according to a 2016 study. As we get older and priorities shift from after-work bowling league to after-school pickup, maintaining a loaded social calendar becomes less important. Staying socially engaged, then, is integral to personal fulfillment. Besides, having at least a few acquaintances can connect us with a larger circle of people, which is fantastic news, say, for job hunters. Even if our friends want to help us find a job, the weak ties are often the ones who widen the job-search playing field. Those acquaintances also provide us with a wider worldview. Regularly interacting with people who have different experiences than we do allows us to be more mindful of others’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy. Still, casual friends have a lot to offer. Uncovering surprising tidbits(花边新闻) about the regular players in one’s life—discovering that your neighbor is an accomplished dancer, for instance—can spice up your day. So next time you see a friendly face when you’ re out and about, you might as well try to initiate small talks. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．(23-24高二下·上海宝山区·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That's what we call an extended family. Now it is changing. Compared to extended families. nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. Apart from family size, these families are also featured by reduced dependence on the last generation. Young people are able to make decisions on their own and children are less likely to be brought up by their grandparents. The reason for the tendency of nuclear families can be reflected as follows. It's a time when young people think highly of individual freedom. Young people like to have personal space that won't be disturbed by the old generations. In this way, they are more likely to avoid conflicts caused by different living habits from their parents. It's also a time when social welfare institutions are highly advanced for old people to lead a comfortable life . Senior citizens can live together in some nursing homes and be taken good care of by specialized nursing workers, which may base young people's heavy burden of attending their aging parents. However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. Young people are busy with their work and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enough care both from their parents and grandparents during their growth, children may develop mental illnesses like loneliness and depression. Many young people, therefore, hire babysitters to look after and keep company with their children, which adds a financial burden to them. Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. Old generations are welcomed to take care of their grandchildren, especially when young people are asked to work overtime. Communities ought to organize some volunteers to look after unattended kids. And government can set up special loads for young people to relieve their financial problem. With the joint efforts, nuclear families are expected to fit in well with the development of the society. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．(23-24高二下·上海闵行区·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What Is a Superiority Complex? A superiority complex is a behavior that suggests a person believes they are somehow superior to others. People with this complex often have overstated opinions of themselves. They may believe their abilities and achievements are better than those of others. However, the complex is believed to be a defense system for feelings of inadequacy that we all struggle with. It is unclear why a person develops a superiority complex. Multiple incidents may be the root cause. For example, it may be the result of many failures. A person tries to complete a specific goal or achieve a desired outcome, but they don’t succeed. They learn to handle the anxiety and stress of the failure by pretending to be above it. If they feel protected from their failures in this way, they may repeat this behavior in the future. These behaviors can begin at an early age. When a child is learning to cope with challenges, they may learn to control feelings of inadequacy or fear. A superiority complex may develop. Likewise, it may also happen later in life. As teens and adults, a person has many opportunities to try new things among new people. If these situations are not successfully coped with, a person may develop a superiority complex to overcome feeling isolated. People with a superiority complex are unlikely to be a threat to anyone’s physical health. However, the continuous lies and overstatements can become annoying to others and may negatively affect relationships. It can push away other people in your life and shrink your social circle. If you are in a relationship with a person who you think has the issue, encourage the person to seek help. For example, never hesitate to reach out to mental health professionals. They can find healthier ways to deal with hidden feelings. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．(23-24高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. We Need to Take Meditation More Seriously as Medicine A new review study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice of mindful meditation can offer real help for patients with depression, anxiety, and pain. Dr. Madhav Goyal is the lead author of the recent JAMA study. He reviewed 47 clinical trials involving more than 3500 participants with mild anxiety or depression, and found that those who practiced mindful meditation saw a 5-10%improvement in anxiety symptoms and a 10-20% reduction in depressive symptoms. What’s most striking about the JAMA findings is that people weren’t meditating for very long. Many in the reviewed studies meditated for as little as 2. 5 hours per week for two months. As Dr. Goyal points out, because meditation is a skill that’s learned over time, it’s unlikely that the respondents reached a high level in a short time. So according to him, it’s reasonable to think that people would experience even greater benefits with more rigorous training and practice. Unfortunately though, it’s precisely those realities of meditation — that it is a state you can teach yourself to achieve and improve with discipline — that might weaken its validity (有效性) with physicians and patients. For example, professor Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University of California, Berkeley, believes some medical professionals may doubt the value of meditation because our culture has shifted so heavily in favor of quantitative measurement. “Medical doctors are practicing a form of science, and therefore expect to see scientific measurement,” Blum explains. “But how do you measure meditation?” In Dr. Goyal’s view, critics of meditation have a misunderstanding of what science is. It has nothing to do with molecules or drugs, he says. Rather, medical science is a “systematic exploration of what is not known”, whatever that may be — and areas like meditation desperately need more exploration, and the funding to do it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．(23-24高二下·上海华东师范大学第二附属中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Imperfection can be a gift We all want to do things well and for things to turn out right. However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. In fact, messing up can lead to some of the most interesting and meaningful outcomes. Aiming for results, whether that’s getting good school grades, shining in sport or acing an art project, can help you focus on your goals. However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety. That’s why it’s good to leave some room for errors and imperfections. Then if things don’t go as planned, it’s not a big deal and you may learn something new. Dr Vara is a psychologist who helps people take care of their mental health. She says getting things wrong is part of growing up. “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong. This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be too scared to make mistakes. This fear can lead to us putting off doing difficult things or avoiding trying new things.” It’s important to realise that making mistakes is common, which shows that it is impossible to be perfect and failure is normal. Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up. The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next. Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that you’re not a bad person for getting things wrong——you’re human. It might feel uncomfortable for a bit, then these feelings will pass and then you’ll bounce back.” Instead, think about what you might do differently next time. This has been proven to work. In one study, students who were reminded to forgive and be kind to themselves when they failed a test felt more motivated to try again. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．(23-24高二下·上海杨浦区·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Gen Z Is Leaving Cities for the Countryside In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of Gen Z individuals relocating from cities to the countryside. This generation, born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is known for its preference for experiences over material possessions and a desire to lead a more sustainable lifestyle. As a result, many young people are leaving urban areas in pursuit of a slower pace of life and closer connection with nature. The appeal of country living for Gen Z stems from multiple factors. Firstly, it offers a slower pace of life, which can be a welcome change from the hustle and bustle of city living. This can be particularly beneficial for those who struggle with anxiety or stress-related issues. Moreover, there is greater access to nature and outdoor activities such as hiking, camping and fishing. This not only promotes physical health but also helps to develop a deeper connection with the natural world. Also, living in the countryside often means lower living costs and less competition for jobs, making it an attractive option for those just starting out in their careers. Some believe that technology has completely captured the attention of the younger generation, and they are therefore reluctant to leave the conveniences and excitement of the modern city. Actually, it is precisely this technological advancement that has facilitated the shift towards rural living among Gen Z. With remote work becoming increasingly common, young adults are no longer tied to urban centers for employment. They can work from anywhere with a reliable internet connection. Additionally, social media platforms have made it easier for individuals to share their rural lifestyles and connect with others who have similar interests. This virtual community fosters a sense of belonging and encourages young people to explore and appreciate the natural beauty of countryside. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10．(22-23高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，学校学生会近日打算策划一次促进学生心理健康的活动，并向全校同学征集活动方案。请向学生会投稿，给出你的活动创意和如此设计的原因。 注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级及学校等真实信息。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第8页，共9页 试卷第9页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 专题06 概要写作（优选上海名校真题） 1．(23-24高二下·上海新川中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future A previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of thousands of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh Path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge ledges Van Gingh’ masterpiece The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh Path is not a single case; it is not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical city lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of carbon emissions. But there’s also the belief that electrical light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of the night sky. From the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow is attempting to use intelligent street lighting to monitor how citizens interact with the urban landscape and minimize electrical consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City approach” is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers aren’t convinced. They are pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electrical light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing mechanisms (制) that already exist in the natural world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 【来源】上海市新川中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期末英语试题 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先介绍了荷兰一条新铺设的发光自行车道——梵高之路，它使用了数千颗发光石来照明，以此引出城市照明的未来趋势。接着，文章讨论了当前城市照明存在的问题，包括能源消耗和光污染，并提出了智能街道照明和利用自然材料作为替代方案。最后，文章展望了这些新技术可能完全取代现有微芯片和数字系统的未来。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①The Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands has been resurfaced with luminous stones to create a well-lit route. ②Electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources and contributes to high levels of carbon emissions. ③Electrical light is considered a form of pollution that destroys our view of the night sky. ④Alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials are being explored to create a more sustainable urban environment. 2. 缜密构思 将第①要点作为引入，第②和第③要点整合讨论现有城市照明的问题，第④要点作为解决方案和未来展望。 3. 遣词造句 The Van Gogh Path, a luminous cycle path in the Netherlands, represents an innovative approach to city lighting. Current electrical city lighting is problematic due to its reliance on non-renewable resources and the pollution it causes. Alternatives like intelligent street lighting and the use of natural materials are being considered for a more sustainable and visually pleasing urban environment. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. 运用了which引导的定语从句对第一段进行了总结。其中prep+doing的表达非常实用。 [高分句型2] It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 运用了such as作状语对第二段和第三段进行了总结。其中遣词造句非常高级。 2．(23-24高二下·上海川沙中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. A Wise Way to Make Families Rules All groups, of whatever size or nature, need standard operating procedures. Without them, groups may very well fall into confusion, chaos and conflict. The functions that rules can serve are indispensable. When it comes to parenting, making rules can make a big difference in our family as well. Actually, the issue is not whether our families need rules. We do need them. The real issue is how to motivate all family members to comply with (遵守) them. At some time in our lives we all have felt unmotivated to comply with some rule or policy that we had no voice in making. Denied the opportunity to participate in establishing a rule, most people feel imposed upon and resentful of the new rule. But when people actively participate in setting a rule or making a decision that will affect them, they are more highly motivated to comply with it. We call this the Principle of Participation, and it has proven its effectiveness in families as well. When children are given the opportunity to participate in setting rules or making decisions that will affect them, several good things happen. Children feel better about themselves — having more self-esteem (自尊心) and self-confidence. Such a good effect is due to their feeling that they have gained more “fate control” over their own lives. They also feel they are equal members of the family with an equal voice in making decisions and establishing rules — they’re part of a team, not second-class citizens. This means that families that function collaboratively and democratically will have closer and warmer relationships than those in which the adults act as bosses or authorities expecting the children to obey the rules made for them. Another important reason for encouraging the full participation of family members in decision making is that it often produces higher-quality solutions to problems. Two heads (or three, or four) are better than one. Shared decisions will be based not only on the knowledge and experience of the adults but also on those of the children. The admonition (告诫) that father knows best should be challenged now. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage emphasizes the importance of establishing family rules through active participation of all family members, which fosters a sense of self-esteem, self-confidence, and equality among them, leading to a more collaborative and democratic family environment. It also highlights the benefits of collective decision-making in generating higher-quality solutions to family problems. 【来源】上海市川沙中学2023-2024学年高二下学期五月期末英语试题 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了在家庭中制定规则的重要性，以及如何通过家庭成员的积极参与来提高遵守规则的动机。文章指出，当家庭成员有机会参与制定规则或决策时，他们会更愿意遵守这些规则，因为这是参与原则的应用。此外，文章还提到了参与规则制定对孩子们的积极影响，以及集体决策如何带来更高质量的解决方案。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Without them, groups may very well fall into confusion, chaos and conflict. ②The real issue is how to motivate all family members to comply with them. ③We call this the Principle of Participation, and it has proven its effectiveness in families as well. ④When children are given the  opportunity to participate in setting rules or making decisions that  will affect them, several good things happen. ⑤This means that families  that function collaboratively and democratically will have closer and  warmer relationships than those in which the adults act as bosses or  authorities expecting the children to obey the rules made for them. ⑥Shared decisions will be based not only on the knowledge and experience of the adults but also on those of the children. 2. 缜密构思 将第①和②要点进行重组，将第③、④和⑤要点进行整合，最后将第⑥要点单独列出。 3. 遣词造句 The text underscores the significance of creating household guidelines through the engaged involvement of every family member It cultivates a feeling of self-worth, assurance, and mutual respect,  resulting in a more cooperative and egalitarian home atmosphere. It also spotlights the advantages of joint decision-making in yielding more effective resolutions to domestic issues. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage emphasizes the importance of establishing family rules through active participation of all family members, which fosters a sense of self-esteem, self-confidence, and equality among them, leading to a more collaborative and democratic family environment.运用了which引导的定语从句以及现在分词充当结果状语，对文章第一至第三段进行了总结。 [高分句型2] It also highlights the benefits of collective decision-making in generating higher-quality solutions to family problems.运用了多种高级词汇以及介词+动名词的结构，对最后一段进行了总结。 3．(23-24高二下·上海进才中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Preventing Resistance The development of drug-resistant pathogens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways. First, sufficiently high concentrations of the drug can be maintained in a patient’s body for a long enough time to kill all sensitive cells and hold others long enough for the body’s defenses to defeat them. Discontinuing a drug before all of the pathogens have been neutralized promotes the development of resistance. For this reason, it is important that patients finish their entire antimicrobial prescription (抗菌药物) and resist the temptation to “save some for another day.” A second way to prevent resistance is to use antimicrobial agents in combination so that pathogens resistant to one drug will be killed by the second, and vice versa. Additionally, one drug sometimes enhances the effect of a second drug in a process called synergism. Enhanced effect can also result from combining an antimicrobial drug and a chemical. A third way to reduce the development of resistance is to limit the use of antimicrobials to necessary cases. Unfortunately, many antimicrobial agents are used indiscriminately, in both developed countries and in lessdeveloped regions where many are available without a physician’s prescription. In the United States, an estimated 50 percent of prescriptions for antibacterial agents to treat sore throats and 30 percent of prescriptions for ear infections, are inappropriate because the diseases are viral in nature. Likewise, because antibacterial drugs have no effect on cold and flu viruses, 100 percent of antibacterial prescriptions for treating diseases are unnecessary. As discussed previously, the use of antimicrobial agents encourages the reproduction of resistant bacteria by limiting the growth of sensitive cells; therefore, inappropriate use of such drugs increases the likelihood that resistance of bacteria will multiply. In order to maintain the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatments, responsible practices must be implemented. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There are three ways to prevent pathogens from developing resistance to drugs. First, patients should take all the drugs as directed by doctors. Second, several antimicrobial agents can be used together to ensure the effect of drug taking. Finally, it is important to guarantee that antimicrobials are used only for necessary cases. Responsible practices are keys to treatment effectiveness. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月期末英语试题 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，有三种方法可以防止病原体产生抗药性。首先，病人应该按照医生的指示服用所有的药物。其次，几种抗菌药物可以同时使用，保证服药效果。最后，重要的是要保证仅在必要的情况下使用抗菌素。负责任的做法是治疗效果的关键。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The development of drug-resistant pathogens (病原体) can be prevented in at least three ways. ②For this reason, it is important that patients finish their entire antimicrobial prescription (抗菌药物) and resist the temptation to “save some for another day.” ③A second way to prevent resistance is to use antimicrobial agents in combination so that pathogens resistant to one drug will be killed by the second, and vice versa. ④A third way to reduce the development of resistance is to limit the use of antimicrobials to necessary cases. ⑤In order to maintain the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatments, responsible practices must be implemented. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、3、4、5五个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 There are three ways in which we can prevent pathogens from developing resistance to drugs. Finally, it is important that we guarantee that antimicrobials are used only for necessary cases. It is responsible practices that are keys to treatment effectiveness. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First, patients should take all the drugs as directed by doctors. (运用了状语从句中的省略) [高分句型2] Finally, it is important to guarantee that antimicrobials are used only for necessary cases. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 4．(22-23高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why You Need a Network of Casual Friends When I was laid off in 2015, I tweeted it the way any young people would in the hope that someone in my social network would point me to potential opportunities. To my surprise, a friend of a friend alerted me to an opening in her department by Facebook message, and she became my boss three rounds of interviews later. Think of the parents you see in the drop-off zone at school, your favorite waiter, the other dog owners at the park. Sociologists call these relationships “weak ties.” Not only can these connections affect our job prospects, but they can also have a positive impact on our well-being. Maintaining the network of acquaintances can help you feel more connected. The desire to belong and form social attachments is a basic human need, alongside food, sleep and safety. But once we hit 25, the number of friends we have peaks and becomes smaller over time, according to a 2016 study. As we get older and priorities shift from after-work bowling league to after-school pickup, maintaining a loaded social calendar becomes less important. Staying socially engaged, then, is integral to personal fulfillment. Besides, having at least a few acquaintances can connect us with a larger circle of people, which is fantastic news, say, for job hunters. Even if our friends want to help us find a job, the weak ties are often the ones who widen the job-search playing field. Those acquaintances also provide us with a wider worldview. Regularly interacting with people who have different experiences than we do allows us to be more mindful of others’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy. Still, casual friends have a lot to offer. Uncovering surprising tidbits(花边新闻) about the regular players in one’s life—discovering that your neighbor is an accomplished dancer, for instance—can spice up your day. So next time you see a friendly face when you’ re out and about, you might as well try to initiate small talks. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Weak ties have a positive effect on job prospects and our happiness, which can make us feel more connected, meet human social needs, and help realize personal value. In addition, regular communication with people who have different experiences can make us more aware of other people's situations and develop empathy. Finally, acquaintances can bring us unexpected surprise and add fun. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是关于为什么需要建立一个众多的熟人网络。作者分享了自己找工作时通过社交网络得到机会的经历，并指出这种弱关系的联系不仅对就业前景有影响，还对我们的幸福感有积极影响。保持熟人网络可以让我们感到更加连接，满足人类的社交需求，同时也有助于个人成就感。此外，拥有一些熟人可以让我们与更多人建立联系，对求职者来说是好消息。与不同经历的人经常互动可以让我们更加关注他人的处境，培养同理心。最后，熟人也可以给我们带来意想不到的惊喜，比如发现邻居是一位有才华的舞者。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Not only can these connections affect our job prospects, but they can also have a positive impact on our well-being. ②Maintaining the network of acquaintances can help you feel more connected. Staying socially engaged, then, is integral to personal fulfillment. ③Regularly interacting with people who have different experiences than we do allows us to be more mindful of others’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy. ④Uncovering surprising tidbits about the regular players in one’s life—discovering that your neighbor is an accomplished dancer, for instance—can spice up your day. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 Weak ties have a positive effect on job prospects and our happiness. At the same time, it can make us feel more connected, meet human social needs, and help realize personal value. In addition, frequent communication with people who have different experiences can make us more aware of other people's situations and develop empathy. Finally, acquaintances can bring us unexpected surprises and add fun. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Weak ties have a positive effect on job prospects and our happiness, which can make us feel more connected, meet human social needs, and help realize personal value. 运用which引导的非限制性定语从句，以及并列结构，表达高级。 [高分句型2]： In addition, regular communication with people who have different experiences can make us more aware of other people's situations and develop empathy. 运用who引导的定语从句，以及介词短语in addition作状语。 5．(23-24高二下·上海宝山区·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That's what we call an extended family. Now it is changing. Compared to extended families. nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. Apart from family size, these families are also featured by reduced dependence on the last generation. Young people are able to make decisions on their own and children are less likely to be brought up by their grandparents. The reason for the tendency of nuclear families can be reflected as follows. It's a time when young people think highly of individual freedom. Young people like to have personal space that won't be disturbed by the old generations. In this way, they are more likely to avoid conflicts caused by different living habits from their parents. It's also a time when social welfare institutions are highly advanced for old people to lead a comfortable life . Senior citizens can live together in some nursing homes and be taken good care of by specialized nursing workers, which may base young people's heavy burden of attending their aging parents. However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. Young people are busy with their work and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enough care both from their parents and grandparents during their growth, children may develop mental illnesses like loneliness and depression. Many young people, therefore, hire babysitters to look after and keep company with their children, which adds a financial burden to them. Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. Old generations are welcomed to take care of their grandchildren, especially when young people are asked to work overtime. Communities ought to organize some volunteers to look after unattended kids. And government can set up special loads for young people to relieve their financial problem. With the joint efforts, nuclear families are expected to fit in well with the development of the society. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The trend of nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generations living together under one roof. However, this trend also leads to challenges in child care, as parents have less time to spend with their children. Solutions such as involving grandparents, community volunteers, and government support are suggested to address these challenges. 【来源】上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说在中国，核心家庭的趋势正在增加，越来越少的几代人住在一个屋檐下。然而，这一趋势也带来了儿童保育方面的挑战，因为父母花在孩子身上的时间越来越少。解决这些挑战的方法包括祖父母、社区志愿者和政府支持。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That’s what we call an extended family. Now it is changing.   ②Compared to extended families, nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. ③However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. ④Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 In China, the trend of nuclear family is increasing, because fewer and fewer generations live under one roof. Nevertheless, this trend also brings childcare challenges as parents spend less and less time with their children. Approaches to addressing these challenges include grandparents, community volunteers, and government support. 【点睛】[高分句型1]：The trend of nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generations living together under one roof.（运用了with的复合结构作状语） [高分句型2]：However, this trend also leads to challenges in child care, as parents have less time to spend with their children.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句） 6．(23-24高二下·上海闵行区·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What Is a Superiority Complex? A superiority complex is a behavior that suggests a person believes they are somehow superior to others. People with this complex often have overstated opinions of themselves. They may believe their abilities and achievements are better than those of others. However, the complex is believed to be a defense system for feelings of inadequacy that we all struggle with. It is unclear why a person develops a superiority complex. Multiple incidents may be the root cause. For example, it may be the result of many failures. A person tries to complete a specific goal or achieve a desired outcome, but they don’t succeed. They learn to handle the anxiety and stress of the failure by pretending to be above it. If they feel protected from their failures in this way, they may repeat this behavior in the future. These behaviors can begin at an early age. When a child is learning to cope with challenges, they may learn to control feelings of inadequacy or fear. A superiority complex may develop. Likewise, it may also happen later in life. As teens and adults, a person has many opportunities to try new things among new people. If these situations are not successfully coped with, a person may develop a superiority complex to overcome feeling isolated. People with a superiority complex are unlikely to be a threat to anyone’s physical health. However, the continuous lies and overstatements can become annoying to others and may negatively affect relationships. It can push away other people in your life and shrink your social circle. If you are in a relationship with a person who you think has the issue, encourage the person to seek help. For example, never hesitate to reach out to mental health professionals. They can find healthier ways to deal with hidden feelings. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A superiority complex means someone thinks they are superior. It’s a defense for feelings of inadequacy. Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develop early or later, affecting relationships. Seek help from mental health pros if needed. 【来源】上海市闵行区2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了优越感的概念、可能的成因、可能的负面影响以及应对方法。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①A superiority complex is a behavior that suggests a person believes they are somehow superior to others. ②The complex is believed to be a defense system for feelings of inadequacy. ③Multiple incidents may cause it, such as many failures. ④It can develop at an early age or later in life. ⑤It may negatively affect relationships. Encourage those with the issue to seek help from mental health professionals. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行重组，将第2、3以及4、5要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 A superiority complex means someone thinks they are superior. It’s a defense for feelings of inadequacy. Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develop early or later, affecting relationships. Seek help from mental health pros if needed. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A superiority complex means someone thinks they are superior.（使用了省略连接词that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develop early or later, affecting relationships.（使用了过去分词短语作状语，现在分词短语作状语） 7．(23-24高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. We Need to Take Meditation More Seriously as Medicine A new review study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice of mindful meditation can offer real help for patients with depression, anxiety, and pain. Dr. Madhav Goyal is the lead author of the recent JAMA study. He reviewed 47 clinical trials involving more than 3500 participants with mild anxiety or depression, and found that those who practiced mindful meditation saw a 5-10%improvement in anxiety symptoms and a 10-20% reduction in depressive symptoms. What’s most striking about the JAMA findings is that people weren’t meditating for very long. Many in the reviewed studies meditated for as little as 2. 5 hours per week for two months. As Dr. Goyal points out, because meditation is a skill that’s learned over time, it’s unlikely that the respondents reached a high level in a short time. So according to him, it’s reasonable to think that people would experience even greater benefits with more rigorous training and practice. Unfortunately though, it’s precisely those realities of meditation — that it is a state you can teach yourself to achieve and improve with discipline — that might weaken its validity (有效性) with physicians and patients. For example, professor Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University of California, Berkeley, believes some medical professionals may doubt the value of meditation because our culture has shifted so heavily in favor of quantitative measurement. “Medical doctors are practicing a form of science, and therefore expect to see scientific measurement,” Blum explains. “But how do you measure meditation?” In Dr. Goyal’s view, critics of meditation have a misunderstanding of what science is. It has nothing to do with molecules or drugs, he says. Rather, medical science is a “systematic exploration of what is not known”, whatever that may be — and areas like meditation desperately need more exploration, and the funding to do it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A new study found that meditation can help ease people’s anxiety and depression and that people can benefit more if they practice meditating for longer. Though some medical professionals still don’t believe in the effect of meditation because it can’t be measured, Dr. Goyal, the lead author of the study, thinks it is worth exploring. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。一项新的研究发现，冥想可以帮助缓解人们的焦虑和抑郁，如果人们练习冥想的时间更长，他们会受益更多。尽管一些医学专业人士仍然不相信冥想的效果，因为它无法测量，但该研究的第一作者戈亚尔博士认为，这值得探索。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①A new review study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice of mindful meditation can offer real help for patients with depression, anxiety, and pain. ②What’s most striking about the JAMA findings is that people weren’t meditating for very long.  Many in the reviewed studies meditated for as little as 2.  5 hours per week for two months. ③For example, professor Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University of California, Berkeley, believes some medical professionals may doubt the value of meditation because our culture has shifted so heavily in favor of quantitative measurement. ④In Dr. Goyal’s view, critics of meditation have a misunderstanding of what science is. Rather, medical science is a “systematic exploration of what is not known”, whatever that may be—and areas like meditation desperately need more exploration, and the funding to do it. 2. 缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将3、4两个要点进行整合，将总结性语句放在文章最后。 3. 遣词造句 A new study found that meditation can help ease people’s anxiety and depression and that people can benefit more if they practice meditating for longer. Some medical professionals still don’t believe in the effect of meditation because it can’t be measured. Dr. Goyal thinks areas like meditation are worth more exploration。 【点睛】【高分句型1】A new study found that meditation can help ease people’s anxiety and depression and that people can benefit more if they practice meditating for longer. 运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第一、二、三段进行了概括。其中that引导了宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句，表达非常高级。 【高分句型2】Though some medical professionals still don’t believe in the effect of meditation because it can’t be measured, Dr. Goyal, the lead author of the study, thinks it is worth exploring.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第四、五段进行了概括。其中Though引导的让步状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句，表达非常高级。 8．(23-24高二下·上海华东师范大学第二附属中学·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Imperfection can be a gift We all want to do things well and for things to turn out right. However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. In fact, messing up can lead to some of the most interesting and meaningful outcomes. Aiming for results, whether that’s getting good school grades, shining in sport or acing an art project, can help you focus on your goals. However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety. That’s why it’s good to leave some room for errors and imperfections. Then if things don’t go as planned, it’s not a big deal and you may learn something new. Dr Vara is a psychologist who helps people take care of their mental health. She says getting things wrong is part of growing up. “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong. This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be too scared to make mistakes. This fear can lead to us putting off doing difficult things or avoiding trying new things.” It’s important to realise that making mistakes is common, which shows that it is impossible to be perfect and failure is normal. Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up. The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next. Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that you’re not a bad person for getting things wrong——you’re human. It might feel uncomfortable for a bit, then these feelings will pass and then you’ll bounce back.” Instead, think about what you might do differently next time. This has been proven to work. In one study, students who were reminded to forgive and be kind to themselves when they failed a test felt more motivated to try again. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Accepting failures is a natural part of growth. Focusing on enjoying the process rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is normal and essential for becoming stronger. The key is to learn from mistakes, not be too hard on oneself, and consider how to improve next time. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 【导语】本文的体裁是明文。接受失败是成长的自然组成部分。专注于享受过程而不仅仅是结果可以减轻压力和焦虑。瓦拉博士解释说，犯错误是正常的，对变得更强壮至关重要。关键是要从错误中吸取教训，不要对自己太苛刻，并考虑下次如何改进。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. ②However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety.   ③She says getting things wrong is part of growing up.  “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong.  This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara.   ④Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up.  The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next.  Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句Focusing on enjoying the process rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Accepting failures is a natural part of growth. 运用了一个含有动名词的句子，对原文第一段进行了概括。其中动名词Accepting作主语，表达非常高级。 【高分句型2】Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is normal and essential for becoming stronger.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第三段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、动名词making作主语、动名词becoming作宾语，表达非常高级。 9．(23-24高二下·上海杨浦区·期末)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Gen Z Is Leaving Cities for the Countryside In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of Gen Z individuals relocating from cities to the countryside. This generation, born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is known for its preference for experiences over material possessions and a desire to lead a more sustainable lifestyle. As a result, many young people are leaving urban areas in pursuit of a slower pace of life and closer connection with nature. The appeal of country living for Gen Z stems from multiple factors. Firstly, it offers a slower pace of life, which can be a welcome change from the hustle and bustle of city living. This can be particularly beneficial for those who struggle with anxiety or stress-related issues. Moreover, there is greater access to nature and outdoor activities such as hiking, camping and fishing. This not only promotes physical health but also helps to develop a deeper connection with the natural world. Also, living in the countryside often means lower living costs and less competition for jobs, making it an attractive option for those just starting out in their careers. Some believe that technology has completely captured the attention of the younger generation, and they are therefore reluctant to leave the conveniences and excitement of the modern city. Actually, it is precisely this technological advancement that has facilitated the shift towards rural living among Gen Z. With remote work becoming increasingly common, young adults are no longer tied to urban centers for employment. They can work from anywhere with a reliable internet connection. Additionally, social media platforms have made it easier for individuals to share their rural lifestyles and connect with others who have similar interests. This virtual community fosters a sense of belonging and encourages young people to explore and appreciate the natural beauty of countryside. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Gen Z is leaving cities for the countryside. The slower life pace of rural living relieves anxiety; outdoor activities benefit physical health and draw people closer to nature; lower living cost and less job competition also attract young people. Internet connection and social media platforms enable them to work remotely and be connected with others, making life convenient and enjoyable. 【来源】上海市杨浦区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语调研卷 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍Z世代离开城市前往农村的原因。农村生活的慢节奏缓解了焦虑；户外活动有益于身体健康，拉近人们与自然的距离；较低的生活成本和较少的就业竞争也吸引了年轻人。互联网连接和社交媒体平台使他们能够远程工作并与他人联系，使生活更加便利和愉快。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of Gen Z individuals relocating from cities to the countryside. ②As a result, many young people are leaving urban areas in pursuit of a slower pace of life and closer connection with nature. ③Firstly, it offers a slower pace of life, which can be a welcome change from the hustle and bustle of city living. ④Moreover, there is greater access to nature and outdoor activities such as hiking, camping and fishing. ⑤Also, living in the countryside often means lower living costs and less competition for jobs, making it an attractive option for those just starting out in their careers. ⑥This virtual community fosters a sense of belonging and encourages young people to explore and appreciate the natural beauty of countryside. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4、5、6四个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Gen Z is leaving cities and going to the countryside. There are various reasons for Gen Z’s leaving cities for the countryside .For example, the slower life pace of rural living relieves anxiety; outdoor activities benefit physical health and draw people closer to nature; lower living cost and less job competition also attract young people. Internet connection and social media platforms enable them to work remotely and be connected with others, which can make life convenient and enjoyable. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The slower life pace of rural living relieves anxiety; outdoor activities benefit physical health and draw people closer to nature; lower living cost and less job competition also attract young people. 运用了几个分句来描述Z世代离开城市去农村的原因，表达高级。 [高分句型2]：Internet connection and social media platforms enable them to work remotely and be connected with others, making life convenient and enjoyable. 用现在分词making 作结果状语，表达非常高级。 10．(22-23高二下·上海复旦大学附属中学·期末)Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，学校学生会近日打算策划一次促进学生心理健康的活动，并向全校同学征集活动方案。请向学生会投稿，给出你的活动创意和如此设计的原因。 注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级及学校等真实信息。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I am glad to hear that the Student Union is planning an activity to promote students’ mental health recently. I am writing to make some suggestions of my own. We can organize a lecture on mental health counseling. We can invite mental health education experts to give theme lectures to help students learn to express themselves in an appropriate way, enhance their sense of gratitude, and understand how to communicate. I think that in this way, we will face others with optimism, humor and positive attitude, improve interpersonal communication ability and establish a positive and harmonious “sunshine attitude”. Besides, we can conduct on-site psychological counseling activities. Provide on-site answers to students’ psychological problems and confusion encountered in daily life through face-to-face consultation. I hope my suggestions will be helpful to you.                                                                                                                                                                                    Yours,                                                                                                                                                                                   Li Hua 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生向学生会投稿，提出你对促进学生心理健康的活动的创意并介绍原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→happy 建议：suggestion→advice 此外：besides→what’s more 有帮助的：helpful→useful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, we can conduct on-site psychological counseling activities. 拓展句：Besides, we can conduct on-site psychological counseling activities, which can help students solve existing problems. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad to hear that the Student Union is planning an activity to promote students’ mental health recently.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I think that in this way, we will face others with optimism, humor and positive attitude, improve interpersonal communication ability and establish a positive and harmonious “sunshine attitude”.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 试卷第18页，共19页 试卷第19页，共19页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$