话题5 科普知识-【一战成名新中考】2025安徽中考英语中考必考知识点专题特训

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话题5 科普知识

Passage 1

Colors play an important role in our life. It’s a useful   1   to help learn the world. Colors are used in fields such as business, education, and food. This is known as colour psychology (心理学), which studies how colors   2   human emotions (情感) and behaviors.

Usually, colors are   3   into warm and cool. Warm colors, such as red, yellow, and orange, are linked to great feelings like joy, anger and excitement. On the other hand, cool colors like green, purple and blue have a calming and relaxing effect. The mood of a colour also   4   how dark or light it is and whether it’s bright or muted. Brighter colors boost energy,   5   darker ones make people feel comfortable.

What feeling does each colour of the rainbow bring? Blue,   6  , can create a sense of calm if it’s pale, or loneliness if it’s dark. Green has a strong link with   7  _, bringing the peaceful, fresh, and encouraging feelings that we often experience in a park, field or forest. Yellow, with its many bright variations, makes people feel optimistic (乐观的) and   8  . Red might be the most powerful colour that can affect our mood. It represents love, anger, or good luck. It’s also a colour that makes people more alert (警觉) and that’s   9   it’s used to show warnings.

The effect of colour on people’s emotions is undisputed. Think of your favorite colour and the way it affects your mood. It might tell you more about  10 _ than you realize. Some colors can even help in treating you if you’re under stress.

1.A．habit B．skill C．tool D．plan

2.A．change B．influence C．reduce D．improve

3.A．turned B．put C．made D．divided

4.A．stands for B．depends on C．starts with D．belongs to

5.A．while B．when  C．as D．so

6.A．as a result B．to be honest C．for example D．of course

7.A．history B．nature C．space D．science

8.A．cheerful B．tired C．crazy D．hopeless

9.A．where B．how C．which D．why

10.A．itself B．themselves C．yourself D．ourselves

Passage 2

The Silk Road is known to all Chinese. It was an ancient trade way that   1   China to other countries. Along this way, many products were traded, including spices, silk and food. One of the most important activities of this road was the exchange of currency (货币交换).

When people from different places met along the Silk Road, they had to exchange their currencies   2   do the business. However, this was not always   3  , as the value of different currencies is greatly different.

Many places had their own currency rules and marks, which show their cultural history. For example, the Chinese used coins with a square hole in the middle,   4   the Persians used coins with marks of their rulers. Currency exchange also led to the development of new technologies. For example, the Chinese   5   paper money. It was more convenient to carry than   6   coins. This creation completely changed the way people did the  7   and made for modern banking development.

Today, the Silk Road is no longer in use, but it has a great   8  on our life.   9   studying the currency culture on the Silk Road, you can get a better understanding of the world and the importance of  10   exchanges. If you have a chance to experience it in person, don’t miss it.

1.A．communicated B．directed C．connected D．introduced

2.A．because of B．in order to  C．instead of D．according to

3.A．easy B．difficult C．cheap  D．expensive

4.A．while B．though C．until D．unless

5.A．chose B．invented C．discovered  D．requited

6.A．smooth B．rough C．light D．heavy

7.A．project B．business C．survey D．research

8.A．difficulty B．difference C．influence D．interview

9.A．Along B．In C．By D．With

10.A．medical B．local C．natural D．cultural

 

Passage 3

 

Some people have sensitive (敏感的) feet or skin. Others may have a hard time laughing at their own mistakes. Perhaps you live with someone like this. But can you imagine living with a sensitive plant?

Now, imagine that your hand is a green plant stem (茎) and each of your fingers is a leaf. Use your other hand to touch your leaf fingers. One at a time, close each leaf finger until you have made a fist. Quickly drop your hand down to your leg. Wait a little while, and then slowly bring your hand back to its original (原来的) position.

It’s just this kind of behavior that has made the sensitive plant get its name. Brush your fingers gently across the leaves of the sensitive plant, and the leaves at once fold up (合拢) like tiny green fingers. The stems drop down as if ready to fall off the plant. About ten minutes later, the leaves

open again, and the stems rise again! Sensitive plants are easy to grow inside your house. They simply need to get plenty of water and sunlight. But touching the plant too often can cause the plant to lose its leaves. A sensitive plant that loses many of its leaves may become unhealthy.

Imagine the fun you can have: introducing a friend to your plant! Have your friend stand close to the plant to tell it jokes. Touch your plant with a finger, and watch your friend’s reaction when the plant seems to drop down slowly to say “no”. Be sure to tell your friend the true cause of the plant’s behavior later, though. You don’t want your friend to become overly sensitive about his jokes!

1. 【图片理解】Which picture shows the meaning of the underlined word “fist” in the text?

A．    B． C． D．

2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3?

A．It’s about why we can’t touch this sensitive plant.

B．It’s about how to grow the sensitive plant inside your house.

C．It’s about how the leaves of the plant fold up like tiny green fingers.

D．It’s about why the sensitive plant has got the name.

3. Which is TRUE about the sensitive plant?

A．The leaves open again after about ten seconds.

B．Touching a sensitive plant too often may do harm for it.

C．The sensitive plant seems to decide whether jokes are good.

D．Overly sensitive people can’t tell jokes before the sensitive plant.

4. What’s the best title for the text?

A．The sensitive people             B．The sensitive plant

C．Growing a sensitive plant       D．Getting on with the sensitive friends

Passage 4

You might often use emojis (表情符号) when you talk to your friends online. But did you know when emojis came into our lives?

Before emojis, emoticons (颜文字) first appeared. Scott Fahlman was a teacher at Carnegie Mellon University, US. On Sept 19, 1982, he made history by posting “:-)” online. Guinness (吉尼斯) World Records called it the “first digital (数字) emoticon”.

Over the past 40 years, emoticons and later emojis became central to our online chats (聊天). GIFs and memes (表情包) also appeared. Now there are 3,600 emojis for us to show our feelings, according to CNN.

Emojis are like our body language online. When we can’t find the right words, emojis can help. They make our chats more understandable. According to a 2017 study, emojis help us get the same happiness from online talks that we get from talking in person. Our brain sees them as language.