精品解析：广东省深圳市西乡中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

深圳市西乡中学2024-2025学年第二学期期中考试 高二年级英语 卷面满分130分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 语言知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. The number of new students ________ from 210 to 160 this year. A. multiplied B. decreased C. varied D. ranged 2. She was a very determined and diligent person, and that made her really successful in her career. A. apparently B. dramatically C. gradually D. instantly 3. Let’s ________ our differences and try to reach an agreement. A. bring forth B. engage in C. lay aside D. turn out 4. As a soldier, he showed selfless ________ to duty. A. devotion B. comparison C. variation D. conservation 5. The company aims to ______ the market with its innovative products and excellent customer service. A. liberate B. dominate C. preserve D. recall 6. The technology in this newly-developed smartphone is so ________ that it can even predict some potential health risks of its users based on their daily activities. A. advanced B. crucial C. complex D. fundamental 7. All three boys, had worked part-time in a (an) ________ grocery, but Carter was the only one of the boys who was employed full-time afterwards. A. dusty B. influential C. identical D. appropriate 8. After the former CEO suddenly resigned, the young and innovative manager was chosen to ________ the company, and his fresh ideas soon led to remarkable changes. A. fit in with B. take over C. take on D. pose for 9. According to a study men and women are almost equal ________ how satisfied they are with their personal looks. A. in harmony with B. in consequence of C. in memory of D. in terms of 10. football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. A. Whether B. That C. Why D. How 11. The Professor considers ____ no good _____ without understanding. A. it; to read B. it; reading C. that; to read D. that; reading 12. It seems ________ nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work. A. as if B. even if C. in case D. if 13. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is we can be entirely free from dust. A. where B. which C. that D. how 14. The department manager promised ______ told her who stole the necklace would be rewarded. To her surprise, ______ she said, there was no response. A. whoever; whichever B. whoever; no matter what C. no matter who; whatever D. no matter who; no matter what 15. They have made ________ a rule not to smoke in the room, but ________ was beyond their comprehension was ________ many people don’t obey it. A. it, what, that B. it, it, that C. this, that, what D. that, it, why 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Writing Competitions for High School Students in 2024 Ocean Awareness Writing Contest Ocean Awareness Writing Contest provides a platform for young people to understand environmental issues through artistic creation and creative thoughts, explore their relationship with the changing world, and become advocates of positive change. Competition time: The deadline for submission is June 10, 2024. Students can upload their submissions starting from December 24, 2023. Suitable for students: The contest is an international competition, which is open to any student aged 11—18 in middle or high school. ·Junior Division: 11—14 years old ·Senior Division: 15—18 years old Young Authors Writing Competition Young Authors Writing Competition is sponsored by the English and Creative Writing Department at Columbia College Chicago. The competition has grown into a yearly international con test of high school writers. You may enter up to two works (in separate files) in either of the categories: Creative Nonfiction and Creative Fiction. In the Poetry category you may enter up to two files, but each can have 1—5 poems. Competition time: The deadline is July 31, 2024. Suitable for students: Open to students in grades 9—12 worldwide Leonard L. Milberg’ 53 High School Poetry Prize Leonard L. Milberg’ 53 High School Poetry Prize recognizes outstanding works by student writers in the 11th grade in the U. S. or abroad. Contest judges are poets on the Princeton University Creative Writing faculty. Competition date: March 26, 2024 Suitable for students: Students in the 11th grade in the U. S. or around the world The New York Times Annual Student Review Contest The New York Times invites students to play critics and write an original review for their New York Times Student Review Contest Students can review anything that fits into a category of creative expression that The New York Times covers—from architecture to music. Competition date: April 6, 2024 Suitable for students: Students ages 11—19 anywhere in the world attending middle or high school can participate. 16. How many categories are included in Young Authors Writing Competition? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 17. In which competition are participants grouped by age? A. Ocean Awareness Writing Contest. B. Young Authors Writing Competition. C. Leonard L. Milberg’ 53 High School Poetry Prize. D. The New York Times Annual Student Review Contest. 18. What do the four writing competitions have in common? A. They are international contests. B. They are organized by colleges. C. They are intended for all students. D. They are open to different categories of works. B I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season. This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. Going up a mountain road, I had to slow down as I rounded a sharp, snowy curve (弯道). That was when I saw a majestic buck deer (公鹿) standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just stared at each other. His eyes seemed wise and his composure (镇静) refined. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and motioned with my hand for him to go on. He then leapt across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods. I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature. Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? Life is meant to be savored. Moments are meant to be cherished. Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a frantic (疯狂的) speed. The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sun rise over the horizon and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them, and tell them that you love them. Take the time to smile, laugh, and sing. Take the time to read, lounge (闲逛), and relax. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. If you do, your life will be so much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home. 19. How did the author feel after his interaction with the deer? A. Optimistic. B. Disappointed. C. Funny. D. Grateful. 20. The purpose of the first paragraph is to ________. A. describe a wise and calm buck B. give an example of a narrow escape C. show what we might miss if we rush D. tell how much the author loves nature 21. The word “savored” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. enjoyed to the fullest B. endured all the time C. challenged in every way D. discovered step by step 22. What does the author want to tell us with this article? A. Life is supposed to be appreciated. B. Living in harmony with nature is a must. C. The most important thing in life is to be happy. D Modern life is not as good as life in earlier times. C Older trees have a major role to play in the fight against climate change, according to a recent study from the UK. Researchers at the University of Birmingham have found that older trees respond to increased levels of carbon dioxide(CO2)in the atmosphere by absorbing more of it with increased wood production. Previously, it was thought that only younger trees could do this. The scientists studied data from an experiment run by the University of Birmingham’s Institute of Forest Research(BIFoR)in a forest in central England. This forest mainly consists of oak trees that are over 180 years old. To understand the impact of the changing climate on trees, scientists put a network of pipes(管道)in the forest that fed the area a stream of CO2. This created a local atmosphere of increased CO2— something we might see everywhere if nothing is done to reduce global emissions(排放). After seven years of running the experiment, it was found that, in response to a 40% increase in CO2 levels, the trees had increased their production of wood by nearly 10%. Trees change CO2 into oxygen, which they emit into the air, and carbon, which is used to produce wood, leaves and roots. Leaves and roots can die quite quickly, and when they do, they emit CO2 back into the atmosphere. Wood, however, acts as a long-term carbon store. So when the BIFoR trees made more wood, they were keeping CO2 out of the atmosphere for many years to come, and stopping it from warming our atmosphere. Rob MacKenzie, the director of BIFoR and one of the authors of the study, described the findings as“hopeful and positive”, and said we should carefully manage older forests. “The old forest is doing a huge amount of work for us,” he added. “What we definitely should not be doing is cutting it down.” 23. Where was the experiment conducted? A. In a forest in central England. B. In an urban park. C. In a forest in western England. D. In a laboratory in Birmingham. 24. What is the purpose of setting up a network of pipes? A. To keep the trees warm. B. To provide people with gas. C. To transport large amounts of CO2. D. To store as much oxygen as possible. 25. Which of the following is Rob MacKenzie’s idea according to the last paragraph? A. It is unavoidable to emit CO2. B. People should plant more trees. C. People should value old forests. D. CO2 is necessary to the environment. 26. What is the best title for the text? A. The Role of Younger Trees in Climate Change. B. The Importance of Reducing Global CO2 Emissions. C. Climate Change Impacts on Humans Are Increasing. D. Older Trees Can Help Fight Against Climate Change. D What makes people so special? Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as exclusively human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well. Among the invertebrates (无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness. Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottle nose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families—grandmother, mother, and daughter—all feeding in this highly specialized way. Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark. 27. The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they ________. A. prefer fruit to vegetables B. are not easy to fool C. have a special taste for food D. have an awareness of equality 28. What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins? A. Tool using ability. B. Social interaction. C. Fun-loving spirits. D. Intelligence. 29. What makes dolphin culture special? A. Their approach to hunting in groups. B. Their favourable learning environment. C. Their talent to pass down hunting skills. D. Their typically female-controlled families. 30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror. B. Dolphins enjoy the fame as the most advanced non-human species. C. Dolphins’ intelligence is better than a typical 18-month-old human baby. D. Dolphins’ recognition of their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are trying to assess a person’s character, make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading. Instead, observe the individual’s ability to tell the truth and to commit. ___31___ You can tell a lot about a person’s character by observing how he treats other people. ___32___ It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him in a single environment, such as the workplace. It is often possible, however, to get some idea of his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him. Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character. The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is. ___33___ To some degree the types of lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter. ___34___ The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships. Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character. A person’s character is affected by his attitude. ___35___ Attitude can affect many aspects of a person’s life, including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others. When you are trying to assess someone’s character, remember that it consists of qualities and habits that form his identity. A. More importantly, it’s necessary to continue his inner struggle. B. The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has. C. There are many other things in life that may require commitment. D. This includes both people he knows and people he does not know. E. Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life. F Observe the person’s conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies. G. Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building. As a crane (吊车) ____36____ working on a construction site, Edwards ____37____ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ____38____ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ____39____. However, his attempt to ____40____ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each gust (阵) of wind threatened to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ____41____ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ____42____ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ____43____ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ____44____ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hovered (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the ____45____. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage. Eventually, Edwards watched the cage ____46____ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ____47____ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ____48____ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong ____49____ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster. A GoFundMe page has been set up to raise money for him — with organizers ____50____ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts. 36. A. engineer B. cleaner C. operator D. salesman 37. A. regularly B. unexpectedly C. intentionally D. unfortunately 38. A. spotted B. realized C. helped D. guided 39. A. hide B. escape C. slide D. walk 40. A. clean B. open C. cover D. position 41. A. For B. From C. Despite D. Without 42. A. switch B. lose C. maintain D. give 43. A. promises B. instructions C. explanations D. courses 44. A. adjusted B. quickened C. described D. repeated 45. A. door B. crane C. roof D. garden 46. A. persuading B. dragging C. warning D. lifting 47. A. broke into B. went through C. asked for D. put on 48. A. exchanged B. admired C. required D. displayed 49. A. preference B. determination C. response D. emotion 50. A. encouraging B. choosing C. ordering D. teaching 第二节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：(1)每个选项只能使用一次； (2)方框中有一个多余选项。 A．against all odds B．acknowledge C．at a great cost D．developed an appetite for E．in the meantime F．dedication G．out of reach H．precious I．commit J．not once K．nothing more than Breaking Barriers: Tu Zheng’s Inspiring Journey as China’s First MSF Doctor In the world of medical humanitarianism, Tu Zheng, China’s first Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) doctor, has left an unforgettable mark. Her journey, filled with challenges and sacrifices, serves as an inspiration for us high school students. Tu Zheng’s decision to become an MSF doctor was not an easy one. She had to ____51____ herself fully to a path that was filled with uncertainty. Many doubted her ability to handle the harsh conditions in conflict-ridden (冲突四起的) areas, but she persevered ____52____. In regions where basic medical supplies were often ____53____, Tu Zheng worked tirelessly. She faced danger and discomfort ____54____ to her personal well - being. She saw firsthand how ____55____ life was in the most difficult circumstances. There, treating patients wasn’t ____56____ a medical procedure; it was a matter of life and death, a fight to bring hope to the hopeless. Her experiences, ____57____, also inspired her to seek for greater change within her. Apart form treating the sick she ____58____ advocating for better healthcare globally. Tu Zheng ____59____ gives in to challenges, and her story teaches us that we can achieve our dreams eventually if we are willing to put in the effort and make sacrifices. Her _____60_____ to helping others shows us the true meaning of compassion and commitment. As senior students, let’s draw inspiration from her example and strive to make a difference to the world around us. 第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 During the 2025 Spring Festival movie season, a remarkable film took the Chinese cinemas by storm. That film was Ne Zha Ⅱ which became ____61____ instant hit. By February 8th, its earnings ____62____ (go) beyond 6 billion yuan, breaking previous records. This movie not only attracted the audience with its fascinating story but also set the bar for visual effects in Chinese animation. ____63____ (scene) like the combination of flaming lotus flowers and water dragons left audience in awe, ____64____ (indicate) China’s growing potential in the field of animation. The movie’s plot was based on a Chinese myth, which centered around themes that ____65____ (associate) with today’s youth, especially the idea of “fighting against fate”. This powerful message struck a chord with teenagers facing ____66____ (vary) pressures in life. In terms of character development, Ne Zha Ⅱ broke new ground. Ne Zha and his former opponent, ____67____ used to be at war, now found a balance between competition ____68____ friendship. This complex relationship added depth to the narrative. The film’s success also had a profound impact ____69____ cinema operations. Theaters opened large screening halls and increased the number of daily showings ____70____ (meet) the overwhelming demand. Meanwhile, the related products flew off the shelves. Limited-edition blind boxes and collectable figures became highly sought-after, reflecting the fans’ enthusiasm for the film. 第四部分 写作（共一节，满分25分） 71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a Saturday afternoon, I, together with my eleven-year-old daughter Jenny wandered through the crowded at the State Fair of Texas Seconds later, we arrived at the section of the fair that I had always feared: the midway rides. That is where all kinds of roller coasters (过山车) are located. I didn’t know why so many people were crazy about them; to me they were just absurd and scary and horrible. Hearing the loudspeakers roaring repeatedly “I Will Survive,” we saw potential victim passing like tiny hurricanes towards the roller coasters. I hoped those monster-like iron mechanical (机械的) arms would’ scare Jenny the way it scared me. I took it for granted that I just couldn’t do it. Such games were just not for me. I couldn’t imagine how I would survive though each ride only took seconds to finish. So I hoped Jenny would just walk past this area fast towards the next area of games of Snow White and Cinderella. But I was wrong. She gazed at the Windsurf ride, her eyes wide, and asked, “Will you go on this ride with me?” I held my breath, glancing at riders suspended (悬挂) upside down in the air. I could hear not only “Yoo-hoo!” out of excitement but also screams out of fear. Some people were coming out of the exit. I heard a man saying to the woman beside him, “It’s fun, right? I told you that you could do it. It just looks scary if you just watch!” Jenny held my hand, looking up at the riders, too. Then she looked at me, in a way that I couldn’t say no to her. I remembered that earlier that morning I decided to embrace the challenge to try something new each week. Could this be the first challenge to take up? “Um, Sure,” I replied hesitantly. “Yeah!” Jenny yelled in excitement. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Within seconds, I was dragged towards the entrance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprise, the whole ride wasn’t as scary as I expected. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 深圳市西乡中学2024-2025学年第二学期期中考试 高二年级英语 卷面满分130分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 语言知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. The number of new students ________ from 210 to 160 this year. A. multiplied B. decreased C. varied D. ranged 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年新生的数量从210人减少到了160人。A. multiplied增加；B. decreased减少；C. varied变化；D. ranged (在一定的范围内)变动。根据“from 210 to 160”可知，新生数量是从多到少，呈现减少的趋势。用decreased符合语境。故选B项。 2. She was a very determined and diligent person, and that made her really successful in her career. A. apparently B. dramatically C. gradually D. instantly 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然她是一个非常坚定和勤奋的人，这使她在事业上取得了真正的成功。A. apparently显然地，明显地；B. dramatically显著地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. instantly立刻。根据“that made her really successful in her career.”可知，句中表示显然她是一个非常坚定和勤奋的人，apparently能够体现出她的这些品质是很容易被人看出来的。故选A。 3. Let’s ________ our differences and try to reach an agreement. A. bring forth B. engage in C. lay aside D. turn out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：让我们把分歧放在一边，设法达成协议。A. bring forth使产生；B. engage in参与；C. lay aside放在一边；D. turn out结果是。根据下文“try to reach an agreement(设法达成协议)”可知，此处是指把分歧“放在一边”。故选C项。 4. As a soldier, he showed selfless ________ to duty. A. devotion B. comparison C. variation D. conservation 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个军人，他表现出无私的奉献精神。A. devotion奉献；B. comparison对比，比较；C. variation变化；D. conservation保护。由句意可知，他作为军人履行无私奉献的职责和精神，selfless与devotion搭配，可表示“无私奉献”，符合句意。故选A项。 5. The company aims to ______ the market with its innovative products and excellent customer service. A. liberate B. dominate C. preserve D. recall 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司旨在以其创新的产品和优质的客户服务主导市场。A. liberate解放；B. dominate主导，统治；C. preserve保存，保护；D. recall回忆，召回。根据with its innovative products and excellent customer service可知，此处是指用创新的产品和优质的客户服务来主导市场，应用dominate。故选B。 6. The technology in this newly-developed smartphone is so ________ that it can even predict some potential health risks of its users based on their daily activities. A. advanced B. crucial C. complex D. fundamental 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这款新开发的智能手机的技术非常先进，甚至可以根据用户的日常活动预测一些潜在的健康风险。A. advanced先进的；B. crucial重要的；C. complex复杂的；D. fundamental基本的。根据后文“it can even predict some potential health risks of its users based on their daily activities”指这款新开发的智能手机的技术非常先进，甚至可以根据用户的日常活动预测一些潜在的健康风险。故选A。 7. All three boys, had worked part-time in a (an) ________ grocery, but Carter was the only one of the boys who was employed full-time afterwards. A. dusty B. influential C. identical D. appropriate 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个男孩都曾在同一家杂货店做过兼职，但卡特是后来唯一被全职雇用的。A. dusty布满灰尘的；B. influential有影响力的；C. identical同一的，相同的；D. appropriate恰当的。由“All three boys, had worked part-time in a”可知，这三个男孩在同一个杂货店做过兼职，空格处意为“同一的”，故选C。 8. After the former CEO suddenly resigned, the young and innovative manager was chosen to ________ the company, and his fresh ideas soon led to remarkable changes. A. fit in with B. take over C. take on D. pose for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在前任首席执行官突然辞职后，这位年轻而富有创新精神的经理被选中接管公司，他的新想法很快带来了显著的变化。A. fit in with与……相适应；B. take over接管；C. take on从事；D. pose for为……摆好姿势。由“After the former CEO suddenly resigned”可知，在前任首席执行官突然辞职后，这位年轻而富有创新精神的经理接管公司，空格处意为“接管”。故选B。 9. According to a study, men and women are almost equal ________ how satisfied they are with their personal looks. A. in harmony with B. in consequence of C. in memory of D. in terms of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：根据一项研究，在对个人外貌的满意度方面，男性和女性几乎相同。A. in harmony with与……协调一致；B. in consequence of由于，因为；C. in memory of为了纪念……；D. in terms of在……方面，从……角度来看。根据语境，这里是说在对个人外貌满意度这个方面，男性和女性情况差不多。介词短语in terms of符合语境。故选D项。 10. football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. A. Whether B. That C. Why D. How 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许是它受欢迎的基础。分析句子结构可知，作主语的是个句子，而且在主语从句里，句子成分完整，that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句里不充当任何成分，但不能省略。故选B。 11. The Professor considers ____ no good _____ without understanding. A. it; to read B. it; reading C. that; to read D. that; reading 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形式宾语和非谓语动词。“consider+it+形容词/名词+to do/doing sth”是固定搭配，其中it是形式宾语，无实际意义，后面的动词不定式或动名词短语是真正的宾语，当形容词是no good/use/fun等表示否定含义时，后面通常接动名词doing。故填①it；②reading。 12. It seems ________ nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work. A. as if B. even if C. in case D. if 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词。句意：似乎没有什么能阻止她继续这项工作。A.as if 好像；B.even if即使；C. in case假使；D. if如果。It seem as if ...“看起来好像……，似乎……”，as if引导表语从句。故选A。 13. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is we can be entirely free from dust. A. where B. which C. that D. how 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是我们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句的句意和句子结构完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选C。 14. The department manager promised ______ told her who stole the necklace would be rewarded. To her surprise, ______ she said, there was no response. A. whoever; whichever B. whoever; no matter what C. no matter who; whatever D. no matter who; no matter what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查no matter＋特殊疑问词和特殊疑问词＋ever的辨析和使用。句意：这位部门经理承诺不管谁告诉他谁偷走那条项链，都会得到奖赏。让他惊异的是，不管她说了什么，都没有回复。no matter＋特殊疑问词一般引导让步状语从句，表示“无论…”。而特殊疑问词＋ever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，同样表示“无论…”。句中promised之后是一个宾语从句，属于名词性从句，因此只能用特殊疑问词＋ever，而后面则是一个让步状语从句，使用no matter＋特殊疑问词。故选B。 15. They have made ________ a rule not to smoke in the room, but ________ was beyond their comprehension was ________ many people don’t obey it. A. it, what, that B. it, it, that C. this, that, what D. that, it, why 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查代词，主语从句和表语从句。句意：他们已经规定不许在房间里吸烟，但令他们无法理解的是，许多人并不遵守这一规定。make it a rule not to do sth.是固定短语，意为“规定不做某事”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，因此第一空应用it；“______ was beyond their comprehension”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“令他们无法理解的是，许多人并不遵守这一规定”，因此用what引导主语从句；“______ many people don’t obey it”是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句。故选A。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Writing Competitions for High School Students in 2024 Ocean Awareness Writing Contest Ocean Awareness Writing Contest provides a platform for young people to understand environmental issues through artistic creation and creative thoughts, explore their relationship with the changing world, and become advocates of positive change. Competition time: The deadline for submission is June 10, 2024. Students can upload their submissions starting from December 24, 2023. Suitable for students: The contest is an international competition, which is open to any student aged 11—18 in middle or high school. ·Junior Division: 11—14 years old ·Senior Division: 15—18 years old Young Authors Writing Competition Young Authors Writing Competition is sponsored by the English and Creative Writing Department at Columbia College Chicago. The competition has grown into a yearly international con test of high school writers. You may enter up to two works (in separate files) in either of the categories: Creative Nonfiction and Creative Fiction. In the Poetry category, you may enter up to two files, but each can have 1—5 poems. Competition time: The deadline is July 31, 2024. Suitable for students: Open to students in grades 9—12 worldwide Leonard L. Milberg’ 53 High School Poetry Prize Leonard L. Milberg’ 53 High School Poetry Prize recognizes outstanding works by student writers in the 11th grade in the U. S. or abroad. Contest judges are poets on the Princeton University Creative Writing faculty. Competition date: March 26, 2024 Suitable for students: Students in the 11th grade in the U. S. or around the world The New York Times Annual Student Review Contest The New York Times invites students to play critics and write an original review for their New York Times Student Review Contest. Students can review anything that fits into a category of creative expression that The New York Times covers—from architecture to music. Competition date: April 6, 2024 Suitable for students: Students ages 11—19 anywhere in the world attending middle or high school can participate. 16. How many categories are included in Young Authors Writing Competition? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 17. In which competition are participants grouped by age? A. Ocean Awareness Writing Contest. B. Young Authors Writing Competition. C. Leonard L. Milberg’ 53 High School Poetry Prize. D The New York Times Annual Student Review Contest. 18. What do the four writing competitions have in common? A. They are international contests. B. They are organized by colleges. C. They are intended for all students. D. They are open to different categories of works. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是2024年四个高中学生写作比赛的相关情况。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据Young Authors Writing Competition部分的“You may enter up to two works (in separate files) in either of the categories: Creative Nonfiction and Creative Fiction.(最多可以在两个类别中输入两个作品（在单独的文件中）：Creative Nonfiction和Creative Fiction。)”可知，Young Authors Writing Competition里有两个类别，故选B。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ocean Awareness Writing Contest部分的“·Junior Division: 11—14 years old ·Senior Division: 15—18 years old(·少年组：11-14岁·高级组：15-18岁)”可知，Ocean Awareness Writing Contest的参加者要按年龄分组，故选A。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ocean Awareness Writing Contest部分的“The contest is an international competition(本次比赛是一项国际竞赛)”，Young Authors Writing Competition部分的“The competition has grown into a yearly international con test of high school writers.(该比赛已发展成为一年一度的国际高中作家比赛。)”，Leonard L. Milberg’ 53 High School Poetry Prize部分的“Suitable for students: Students in the 11th grade in the U. S. or around the world(适合学生：美国或世界各地的11年级学生)”和The New York Times Annual Student Review Contest部分的“Suitable for students: Students ages 11—19 anywhere in the world attending middle or high school can participate.(适合学生：世界各地11-19岁的初高中学生均可参加。)”可知，这四个写作比赛的共同之处是它们是国际性的比赛。故选A。 B I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season. This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. Going up a mountain road, I had to slow down as I rounded a sharp, snowy curve (弯道). That was when I saw a majestic buck deer (公鹿) standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just stared at each other. His eyes seemed wise and his composure (镇静) refined. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and motioned with my hand for him to go on. He then leapt across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods. I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature. Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? Life is meant to be savored. Moments are meant to be cherished. Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a frantic (疯狂的) speed. The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sun rise over the horizon and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them, and tell them that you love them. Take the time to smile, laugh, and sing. Take the time to read, lounge (闲逛), and relax. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. If you do, your life will be so much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home. 19. How did the author feel after his interaction with the deer? A. Optimistic. B. Disappointed. C. Funny. D. Grateful. 20. The purpose of the first paragraph is to ________. A. describe a wise and calm buck B. give an example of a narrow escape C. show what we might miss if we rush D. tell how much the author loves nature 21. The word “savored” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. enjoyed to the fullest B. endured all the time C. challenged in every way D. discovered step by step 22. What does the author want to tell us with this article? A. Life is supposed to be appreciated. B. Living in harmony with nature is a must. C. The most important thing in life is to be happy. D. Modern life is not as good as life in earlier times. 【答案】19. D 20. C 21. A 22. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者因为一次在林间与一头鹿的相遇互动，而感悟到人们应该充分享受每一天，应该生活在爱和欢乐中，而不是以疯狂的速度度过人生。建议人们慢慢来，更充分地欣赏生活。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后一句“I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature. (我继续开着车，对这神奇的一刻微笑着，感谢自己开得够慢，没有撞到这个美丽的生物。)”可知，作者感谢自己开得够慢，没有撞到公鹿。故选D。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? (我们大多数人匆匆度过一生，却不知道自己错过了什么。我们很少能享受每天带给我们的东西。慢慢过我们在这里的日子不是更好吗？)”可知，作者在第一段讲述自己因开车很慢和一头鹿偶遇的故事是为了说明，如果我们匆匆忙忙可能会错过一些美好的东西。故选C。 21题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词前句“We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. (我们很少能享受每天带给我们的东西。)”和后文“Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a frantic (疯狂的) speed. (日子应该活在爱和欢乐中，而不是在疯狂的速度中度过。)”可知，作者认为日子应该在爱和欢乐中度过，生活是用来享受的，而不是飞快度过的。故画线词意思为 “尽情享受”，和enjoyed to the fullest意思相近。故选A。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. (花点时间带着爱和喜悦过你的生活，享受每天带给你的奇迹。)”可知，作者想告诉读者要花时间带着爱和喜悦生活，享受每天为你带来的奇迹，慢慢来，更充分地欣赏生活，即Life is supposed to be appreciated。故选A。 C Older trees have a major role to play in the fight against climate change, according to a recent study from the UK. Researchers at the University of Birmingham have found that older trees respond to increased levels of carbon dioxide(CO2)in the atmosphere by absorbing more of it with increased wood production. Previously, it was thought that only younger trees could do this. The scientists studied data from an experiment run by the University of Birmingham’s Institute of Forest Research(BIFoR)in a forest in central England. This forest mainly consists of oak trees that are over 180 years old. To understand the impact of the changing climate on trees, scientists put a network of pipes(管道)in the forest that fed the area a stream of CO2. This created a local atmosphere of increased CO2— something we might see everywhere if nothing is done to reduce global emissions(排放). After seven years of running the experiment, it was found that, in response to a 40% increase in CO2 levels, the trees had increased their production of wood by nearly 10%. Trees change CO2 into oxygen, which they emit into the air, and carbon, which is used to produce wood, leaves and roots. Leaves and roots can die quite quickly, and when they do, they emit CO2 back into the atmosphere. Wood, however, acts as a long-term carbon store. So when the BIFoR trees made more wood, they were keeping CO2 out of the atmosphere for many years to come, and stopping it from warming our atmosphere. Rob MacKenzie, the director of BIFoR and one of the authors of the study, described the findings as“hopeful and positive”, and said we should carefully manage older forests. “The old forest is doing a huge amount of work for us,” he added. “What we definitely should not be doing is cutting it down.” 23. Where was the experiment conducted? A. In a forest in central England. B. In an urban park. C. In a forest in western England. D. In a laboratory in Birmingham. 24. What is the purpose of setting up a network of pipes? A. To keep the trees warm. B. To provide people with gas. C. To transport large amounts of CO2. D. To store as much oxygen as possible. 25. Which of the following is Rob MacKenzie’s idea according to the last paragraph? A. It is unavoidable to emit CO2. B. People should plant more trees. C. People should value old forests. D. CO2 is necessary to the environment. 26. What is the best title for the text? A. The Role of Younger Trees in Climate Change. B. The Importance of Reducing Global CO2 Emissions. C. Climate Change Impacts on Humans Are Increasing. D. Older Trees Can Help Fight Against Climate Change. 【答案】23. A 24. C 25. C 26. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国伯明翰大学的研究人员发现，老树对大气中二氧化碳含量的增加作出反应，通过增加木质生产吸收更多的二氧化碳，从而在应对气候变化中发挥着重要作用。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“The scientists studied data from an experiment run by the University of Birmingham’s Institute of Forest Research(BIFoR)in a forest in central England.(科学家们研究了伯明翰大学森林研究所（BIFoR）在英格兰中部的一片森林中进行的实验数据)”可知，实验是在英格兰中部的一片森林中进行的。故选A。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“To understand the impact of the changing climate on trees, scientists put a network of pipes(管道) in the forest that fed the area a stream of CO2.(为了了解气候变化对树木的影响，科学家们在森林里设置了一套管道网络，向该地区输送二氧化碳)”可知，设置管道网络的目的是输送大量的二氧化碳。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Rob MacKenzie, the director of BIFoR and one of the authors of the study, described the findings as“hopeful and positive”, and said we should carefully manage older forests. “The old forest is doing a huge amount of work for us,” he added. “What we definitely should not be doing is cutting it down.”(BIFoR的主管Rob MacKenzie和该研究的其中一位作者将这些研究结果描述为“充满希望和积极”，并表示我们应该仔细管理老森林。他补充道：“这片古老的森林正在为我们做大量的工作。我们绝对不应该砍伐它。”)”可推知，Rob MacKenzie认为人们应该珍惜老森林。故选C。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的 Older trees have a major role to play in the fight against climate change(老树在应对气候变化方面发挥着重要作用)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了老树对抗气候变化的作用。故最佳标题为“老树能帮助对抗气候变化”。故选D。 D What makes people so special? Tool use, self-consciousness, language, and culture are high on the list, but in fact all of these characteristics can be found elsewhere in the animal kingdom. Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes. But the qualities that we often think of as exclusively human exist not just on land, but in the ocean as well. Among the invertebrates (无脊椎动物), octopuses (八爪鱼) are known for their intelligence, even exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness. Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass on things they have learned to others. Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottle nose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families—grandmother, mother, and daughter—all feeding in this highly specialized way. Another characteristic that dolphins share with humans is their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror. When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark. 27. The example of gorillas rejecting carrots shows they ________. A. prefer fruit to vegetables B. are not easy to fool C. have a special taste for food D. have an awareness of equality 28. What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins? A. Tool using ability. B. Social interaction. C. Fun-loving spirits. D. Intelligence. 29. What makes dolphin culture special? A. Their approach to hunting in groups. B. Their favourable learning environment. C. Their talent to pass down hunting skills. D. Their typically female-controlled families. 30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Dolphins enjoy looking at their own reflection in the mirror. B. Dolphins enjoy the fame as the most advanced non-human species. C. Dolphins’ intelligence is better than a typical 18-month-old human baby. D. Dolphins’ recognition of their own reflection is a higher-order mental skill. 【答案】27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了通常被认为是人类独有的一些特征实际上不仅存在于陆地上，也存在于海洋中，八爪鱼具有高度的智慧，而海豚具有与人类极为相似的文化和意识，它们能将捕食技能代代相传，而且可以识别镜子中自己的镜像。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Humans and apes are close relatives, so it is perhaps not surprising that chimpanzees use tools or that gorillas have a sense of fair play, even rejecting carrots (which they normally accept) when they see their neighbors getting grapes.(人类和猿类是近亲，所以黑猩猩会使用工具，大猩猩有公平竞争的意识，甚至在看到邻居得到葡萄时拒绝胡萝卜（它们通常会接受），这也许并不奇怪。)”可知，大猩猩在看到邻居得到葡萄时会拒绝胡萝卜，这表明它们有平等意识。故选D。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social-group-based predators, and it is here that we find the greatest similarity to human-like culture and awareness.(但这些熟练的捕食者独自生活，因此缺乏文化。另一方面，海豚是脑容量大、寿命长、以社会群体为基础的捕食者，在这里，我们发现了与人类文化和意识最大的相似之处。)”可知，与海豚相比，八爪鱼缺乏群体生活中的社会性的互动。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottle nose dolphins hold sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations (especially in females), with some families—grandmother, mother, and daughter—all feeding in this highly specialized way.(从这个意义上讲，许多动物都有文化，但海豚的与众不同之处在于它们传递的东西。一些瓶鼻海豚嘴里含着海绵，它们用海绵作为工具来搜寻隐藏在海底的鱼。这种能力是代代相传的（尤其是在女性中），有些家庭——祖母、母亲和女儿——都以这种高度专业化的方式喂养。)”可知，海豚的捕食技能代代相传，这使得它们的文化很特别。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When facing a mirror, most animals behave as though they are interacting with another individual. Even in humans, the ability to recognize that the image in a mirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18 months. Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.(当面对镜子时，大多数动物的行为就好像它们在与另一个个体互动。即使是人类，在18个月之前也无法识别镜子里的形象是自己。海豚不仅能认出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一个黑色的标记，它会花更多的时间在镜子前看这个标记。)”可知，大多数动物，包括不满18个月的人类，都无法识别镜子中的自己，而海豚却具备这种能力，而且能意识到自己身上的特别标记。由此可知，海豚识别自己镜像的能力是一种高阶的心智技能。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are trying to assess a person’s character, make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading. Instead, observe the individual’s ability to tell the truth and to commit. ___31___ You can tell a lot about a person’s character by observing how he treats other people. ___32___ It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him in a single environment, such as the workplace. It is often possible, however, to get some idea of his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him. Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character. The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is. ___33___ To some degree the types of lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter. ___34___ The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships. Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character. A person’s character is affected by his attitude. ___35___ Attitude can affect many aspects of a person’s life, including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others. When you are trying to assess someone’s character, remember that it consists of qualities and habits that form his identity. A. More importantly, it’s necessary to continue his inner struggle. B. The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has. C. There are many other things in life that may require commitment. D. This includes both people he knows and people he does not know. E. Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life. F. Observe the person’s conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies. G. Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations. 【答案】31. E 32. D 33. F 34. B 35. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何评估一个人的性格，给出了具体的方法和建议。 【31题详解】 根据前文“If you are trying to assess a person’s character, make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading. Instead, observe the individual’s ability to tell the truth and to commit.(如果你试图评估一个人的性格，确保你不要过于依赖可能会误导人的因素。相反，观察一个人说真话和承诺的能力)”可知，此处在讲述应该通过哪些方面去评估一个人的性格，所以E项“Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life.(同时，注意他的态度，并试着区分它是如何影响他的生活的)”符合此处主题，承接上文，讲述通过他的态度去评估一个人的性格。故选E项。 【32题详解】 根据前文“You can tell a lot about a person’s character by observing how he treats other people.(你可以通过观察一个人如何对待别人来了解他的性格)”可知，D项“This includes both people he knows and people he does not know.(这包括他认识的人和他不认识的人)”是对前句提及的“别人”的详细补充，符合文意。故选D项。 【33题详解】 根据前文“Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character. The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is.(一个人是否诚实在很大程度上反映了他的性格。一个人对诚实的态度也可以表明他是什么类型的人)”可知，本段主要讲述了通过观察一个人是否诚实来评估他的性格，所以F项“Observe the person’s conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies.(观察这个人的谈话，试着确定他说谎的频率)”符合本段主题。故选F项。 【34题详解】 分析设空处，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships. Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character.(“承诺”这个词通常会让人们立刻联想到亲密的关系。一个人是否能尊重誓言和协议通常是一个人性格的标志)”可知，本段主要讲述通过观察一个人是否能遵守承诺来评估一个人的性格，所以B项“The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has.(承诺的程度表明了他的性格类型)”符合本段主题，其中commitment为同词复现。故选B项。 【35题详解】 根据前文“A person’s character is affected by his attitude.(一个人的态度影响他的性格)”可知，本段主要讲述一个人对事物的态度会影响他的性格，所以G项“Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations.(有些人通常持消极态度，而有些人即使在困难的情况下也会努力保持积极态度)”是对前文的详细解释，符合文意。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building. As a crane (吊车) ____36____ working on a construction site, Edwards ____37____ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ____38____ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ____39____. However, his attempt to ____40____ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each gust (阵) of wind threatened to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ____41____ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ____42____ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ____43____ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ____44____ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hovered (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the ____45____. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage. Eventually, Edwards watched the cage ____46____ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ____47____ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ____48____ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong ____49____ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster. A GoFundMe page has been set up to raise money for him — with organizers ____50____ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts. 36. A. engineer B. cleaner C. operator D. salesman 37. A. regularly B. unexpectedly C. intentionally D. unfortunately 38. A. spotted B. realized C. helped D. guided 39. A. hide B. escape C. slide D. walk 40. A. clean B. open C. cover D. position 41. A. For B. From C. Despite D. Without 42. A. switch B. lose C. maintain D. give 43. A. promises B. instructions C. explanations D. courses 44. A. adjusted B. quickened C. described D. repeated 45. A. door B. crane C. roof D. garden 46. A. persuading B. dragging C. warning D. lifting 47. A. broke into B. went through C. asked for D. put on 48. A. exchanged B. admired C. required D. displayed 49. A. preference B. determination C. response D. emotion 50. A. encouraging B. choosing C. ordering D. teaching 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了吊车操作员格伦·爱德华兹在建筑工地火灾突发时，克服困难成功营救一名被困16层楼顶建筑工人的英勇事迹。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地操作吊车的操作员，爱德华兹在一场火灾爆发时意外地发现自己陷入了一场救援任务。A. engineer工程师；B. cleaner清洁工；C. operator操作员；D. salesman销售员。根据前文提到“a crane (吊车) ”以及后文“He recalled how he ____ from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱)”可知，爱德华兹身处吊车驾驶舱操作吊车，所以他是吊车操作员。故选C项。 【37题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地操作吊车的操作员，爱德华兹在一场火灾爆发时意外地发现自己加入了一场救援任务。A. regularly有规律地；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. intentionally故意地；D. unfortunately不幸地。前文描述他正常操作吊车，后文“a fire broke out”表明火灾是突然发生的，所以他是意外地加入救援任务。故选B项。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起自己是如何从吊车的驾驶舱里发现了被困的工人，以及他是如何想出通过放下一个笼子让工人逃生的主意的。A. spotted发现；B. realized意识到；C. helped帮助；D. guided引导。前文说火灾突发时他在吊车的驾驶舱里，结合后文“the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱)”和“by lowering a cage to him to”可推知，他在高处看到了被困的工人并想出营救办法。故选A项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起自己是如何从吊车的驾驶舱里发现了被困的工人，以及他是如何想出通过放下一个笼子让工人逃生的主意的。A. hide隐藏；B. escape逃生；C. slide滑动；D. walk行走。前文提到“a life saving mission”，说明这是一场救援任务，放下笼子的目的就是让被困工人逃生。故选B项。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在工人到达之前调整笼子的位置绝非易事，因为每一阵风都有可能使他的吊车失去平衡。A. clean清理；B. open打开；C. cover覆盖；D. position定位，调整位置。后文提到“each gust (阵) of wind threatened to throw his crane off balance”和“where to land the cage”，说明要让笼子准确到达合适位置很难，所以这里是调整笼子位置。故选D项。 【41题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大挑战，爱德华兹拒绝放弃，努力保持控制。A. For为了；B. From从……；C. Despite尽管；D. Without没有。前文提到调整笼子位置困难，风会让吊车失衡，烟雾和火焰也增加难度，而后文说“refused to give up”，前后是让步关系，即尽管有挑战，他还是不放弃。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，爱德华兹拒绝放弃，努力保持控制。A. switch转换；B. lose失去；C. maintain保持；D. give给。前文说他不放弃，结合操作吊车的情境，可知他要努力保持对吊车的控制，才能完成救援。故选C项。 43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，地面上有人通过无线电提供了关于笼子降落位置的指示。A. promises承诺；B. instructions指示；C. explanations解释；D. courses课程。后文“where to land the cage through a radio”明确表明地面人员通过无线电告知笼子降落位置，也就是提供指示。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德华兹一寸一寸地调整吊车的动作，直到笼子在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方盘旋。A. adjusted调整；B. quickened加快；C. described描述；D. repeated重复。前文提到要调整笼子位置，“inch by inch”进一步说明是在慢慢调整吊车的动作，以达到合适位置。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱德华兹一寸一寸地调整吊车的动作，直到笼子在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方盘旋。A. door门；B. crane吊车；C. roof屋顶；D. garden花园。前文“Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building.”提到工人被困在16层楼顶，所以笼子要到达的位置是屋顶边缘。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，爱德华兹看着笼子把那个人从下面可怕的大火中吊起来，把他安全地放了下去。A. persuading说服；B. dragging拖；C. warning警告；D. lifting吊起。前文说放下笼子救人，这里要把人从大火中弄出来，结合笼子的作用，是吊起那个人。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人群爆发出热烈的掌声，这是对爱德华兹所展现出的勇气和技能的致敬。A. broke into突然开始(做某事)，爆发出；B. went through经历；C. asked for要求；D. put on穿上，上演。前文描述了爱德华兹成功营救工人，结合后文“a big round of applause”可知，人群会因为他的英勇行为突然爆发出掌声。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人群爆发出热烈的掌声，这是对爱德华兹所展现出的勇气和技能的致敬。A. exchanged交换；B. admired钦佩；C. required要求；D. displayed展示。前文详细描述了爱德华兹在救援过程中克服各种困难，这就是他展示出勇气和技能的过程。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道，在灾难面前，他的机智和坚定的决心决定了生死。A. preference偏好；B. determination决心；C. response反应；D. emotion情绪。前文提到“refused to give up”以及他克服重重困难完成救援，都体现了他坚定的决心。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个GoFundMe页面已经设立起来为他筹款——组织者鼓励人们“请格伦喝杯啤酒”，以感谢他的救命之举。A. encouraging鼓励；B. choosing选择；C. ordering命令；D. teaching教。根据后文“people to ‘buy Glen a beer’ for his life-saving efforts”可知，设立筹款页面，组织者的目的是鼓励人们为爱德华兹捐款。故选A项。 第二节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：(1)每个选项只能使用一次； (2)方框中有一个多余选项。 A．against all odds B．acknowledge C．at a great cost D．developed an appetite for E．in the meantime F．dedication G．out of reach H．precious I．commit J．not once K．nothing more than Breaking Barriers: Tu Zheng’s Inspiring Journey as China’s First MSF Doctor In the world of medical humanitarianism, Tu Zheng, China’s first Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) doctor, has left an unforgettable mark. Her journey, filled with challenges and sacrifices, serves as an inspiration for us high school students. Tu Zheng’s decision to become an MSF doctor was not an easy one. She had to ____51____ herself fully to a path that was filled with uncertainty. Many doubted her ability to handle the harsh conditions in conflict-ridden (冲突四起的) areas, but she persevered ____52____. In regions where basic medical supplies were often ____53____, Tu Zheng worked tirelessly. She faced danger and discomfort ____54____ to her personal well - being. She saw firsthand how ____55____ life was in the most difficult circumstances. There, treating patients wasn’t ____56____ a medical procedure; it was a matter of life and death, a fight to bring hope to the hopeless. Her experiences, ____57____, also inspired her to seek for greater change within her. Apart form treating the sick she ____58____ advocating for better healthcare globally. Tu Zheng ____59____ gives in to challenges, and her story teaches us that we can achieve our dreams eventually if we are willing to put in the effort and make sacrifices. Her _____60_____ to helping others shows us the true meaning of compassion and commitment. As senior students, let’s draw inspiration from her example and strive to make a difference to the world around us. 【答案】51. I 52. A 53. G 54. C 55. H 56. K 57. E 58. D 59. J 60. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了中国首位无国界医生涂政的励志故事，她克服困难投身医疗救助，其经历激励我们努力逐梦、为世界贡献力量。 【51题详解】 考查动词。句意：她必须全身心地投入到一条充满不确定性的道路上。前文提到涂政决定成为无国界医生并非易事，结合“herself fully to a path”，这里需要表达“全身心投入”的意思，“commit oneself to”就是“致力于；全身心投入”的固定搭配，所以此处应选“commit”。故选I。 【52题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：许多人怀疑她能否应对冲突地区的恶劣条件，但她克服重重困难坚持了下来。从“Many doubted her ability to handle the harsh conditions”可知大家对她持怀疑态度，然而“she persevered”说明她坚持下来了，也就是克服了诸多困难，“against all odds”正是“克服重重困难”之意。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：在那些基本医疗用品常常难以获得的地区，涂政不知疲倦地工作着。结合后文涂政在艰苦环境下努力救治病人，可推断当地基本医疗用品匮乏，难以获取，介词短语“out of reach”表示“够不着；难以获得”，作表语，符合语境。故选G。 【54题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：她以个人幸福为巨大代价，面临着危险和不适。由“faced danger and discomfort”可知她在工作中面临着不好的情况，为了救助病人，她牺牲了个人的幸福，介词短语“at a great cost”意思是“以巨大的代价”，符合此处表达。故选项C。 【55题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她亲眼目睹了在最艰难的情况下生命是多么珍贵。因为是在“the most difficult circumstances”(最艰难的情况)下，生命就显得尤为珍贵，形容词“precious”意为“珍贵的”，作定语，契合语境。故选H。 【56题详解】 考查短语。句意：在那里，治疗病人不仅仅是一个医疗程序；这是生死攸关的事情，是为绝望的人带来希望的战斗。从“it was a matter of life and death, a fight to bring hope to the hopeless”可知治疗病人意义重大，不只是简单的医疗程序，“nothing more than”表示“仅仅；只不过”，这里用否定表示“不只是”。故选K。 【57题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：与此同时，她的经历也激发了她内心寻求更大改变的愿望。前文说她在救治病人，后文说她内心有了改变的想法，两者是同时发生的，“in the meantime”意为“与此同时”，符合逻辑。故选E。 【58题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：除了治疗病人，她还逐渐热衷于在全球范围内倡导更好的医疗保健。“Apart from treating the sick”表明她除了治病还有其他行为，“advocating for better healthcare globally”是她新的行为方向，“developed an appetite for”有“逐渐喜欢上；热衷于”的意思，符合她开始关注全球医疗保健倡导的语境。故选D。 【59题详解】 考查副词短语。句意：涂政从未向挑战屈服，她的故事告诉我们，如果我们愿意付出努力并做出牺牲，最终我们可以实现我们的梦想。根据“we can achieve our dreams eventually”以及前文描述她克服困难坚持下来，可知她不会向挑战低头，“not once”表示“从未；一次也没有”，符合她的坚韧形象。故选J。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：她对帮助他人的奉献精神向我们展示了同情和承诺的真正含义。前文详细描述了她克服困难、全身心投入救助病人等行为，这些都体现了她对帮助他人的奉献，“dedication”意为“奉献；献身”，准确概括了她的精神。故选F。 第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 During the 2025 Spring Festival movie season, a remarkable film took the Chinese cinemas by storm. That film was Ne Zha Ⅱ which became ____61____ instant hit. By February 8th, its earnings ____62____ (go) beyond 6 billion yuan, breaking previous records. This movie not only attracted the audience with its fascinating story but also set the bar for visual effects in Chinese animation. ____63____ (scene) like the combination of flaming lotus flowers and water dragons left audience in awe, ____64____ (indicate) China’s growing potential in the field of animation. The movie’s plot was based on a Chinese myth, which centered around themes that ____65____ (associate) with today’s youth, especially the idea of “fighting against fate”. This powerful message struck a chord with teenagers facing ____66____ (vary) pressures in life. In terms of character development, Ne Zha Ⅱ broke new ground. Ne Zha and his former opponent, ____67____ used to be at war, now found a balance between competition ____68____ friendship. This complex relationship added depth to the narrative. The film’s success also had a profound impact ____69____ cinema operations. Theaters opened large screening halls and increased the number of daily showings ____70____ (meet) the overwhelming demand. Meanwhile, the related products flew off the shelves. Limited-edition blind boxes and collectable figures became highly sought-after, reflecting the fans’ enthusiasm for the film. 【答案】61. an 62. had gone 63. Scenes 64. indicating 65. were associated 66. various 67. who 68. and 69. on 70. to meet 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了《哪吒2：魔童闹海》创票房纪录，以精良制作和反抗命运主题引发观影热潮。 【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意：那部电影就是《哪吒2：魔童闹海》，一炮而红。hit为名词单数，表示泛指，且定语instant以元音音素开始发音，不定冠词用an。故填an。 【62题详解】 考查过去完成时。句意：截至2月8日，其收入已超过60亿元，打破了此前的纪录。时间状语By February 8th可知，句子描述到过去的某个时间点以前已经完成的事情，用过去完成时。故填had gone。 【63题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：火焰莲花和水龙的组合的场景让观众敬畏，这表明中国在动画领域的潜力日益增长。空处作主语，结合“like the combination of flaming lotus flowers and water dragons”可知表示不止一处场景，用名词复数形式。放在句首，首字母大写。故填Scenes。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处作状语，逻辑主语Scenes与indicate构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词。故填indicating。 【65题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：这部电影的情节基于一个中国神话，围绕着与当今年轻人有关的主题，尤其是“与命运抗争”的理念。空处作定语从句的谓语，that指代themes，表示复数意义，与associate之间为被动关系，且句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were associated。 【66题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个强有力的信息引起了面临各种生活压力的青少年的共鸣。空处修饰名词pressures，用形容词作定语。故填various。 【67题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：哪吒和他的前对手曾经处于战争状态，现在他们在竞争和友谊之间找到了平衡。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Ne Zha and his former opponent，表示人，作从句的主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 【68题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。根据between可知，competition和friendship表示并列关系，用固定短语between...and...。故填and。 【69题详解】 考查介词。句意：这部电影的成功也对电影院的运营产生了重大影响。have a profound impact on…为固定短语，意思为“对……产生深远影响”。故填on。 【70题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：影院开设了大型放映厅，并增加了每日放映场次，以满足压倒性的需求。空处表示前文内容的目的，为目的状语，用动词不定式。故填to meet。 第四部分 写作（共一节，满分25分） 71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a Saturday afternoon, I, together with my eleven-year-old daughter Jenny wandered through the crowded at the State Fair of Texas Seconds later, we arrived at the section of the fair that I had always feared: the midway rides. That is where all kinds of roller coasters (过山车) are located. I didn’t know why so many people were crazy about them; to me they were just absurd and scary and horrible. Hearing the loudspeakers roaring repeatedly “I Will Survive,” we saw potential victim passing like tiny hurricanes towards the roller coasters. I hoped those monster-like iron mechanical (机械的) arms would’ scare Jenny the way it scared me. I took it for granted that I just couldn’t do it. Such games were just not for me. I couldn’t imagine how I would survive though each ride only took seconds to finish. So I hoped Jenny would just walk past this area fast towards the next area of games of Snow White and Cinderella. But I was wrong. She gazed at the Windsurf ride, her eyes wide, and asked, “Will you go on this ride with me?” I held my breath, glancing at riders suspended (悬挂) upside down in the air. I could hear not only “Yoo-hoo!” out of excitement but also screams out of fear. Some people were coming out of the exit. I heard a man saying to the woman beside him, “It’s fun, right? I told you that you could do it. It just looks scary if you just watch!” Jenny held my hand, looking up at the riders, too. Then she looked at me, in a way that I couldn’t say no to her. I remembered that earlier that morning I decided to embrace the challenge to try something new each week. Could this be the first challenge to take up? “Um, Sure,” I replied hesitantly. “Yeah!” Jenny yelled in excitement. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Within seconds, I was dragged towards the entrance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To my surprise, the whole ride wasn’t as scary as I expected. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Within seconds, I was dragged towards the entrance. My heart started pounding like a drum as we got closer to the ride. I could feel my palms getting sweaty and my legs trembling slightly. Jenny, on the other hand, was full of excitement and energy. She bounced up and down in line, chatting nonstop about how much fun she was going to have. When it was our turn, the attendant helped us get into the seats and fastened the safety belts. As the ride slowly started to move, I squeezed my eyes shut tightly, bracing myself for the worst. The wind rushed past my ears. To my surprise, the whole ride wasn’t as scary as I expected. I gradually opened my eyes and saw the beautiful view of the fair from above. The colorful lights and the crowds below looked like a vibrant painting. The feeling of being suspended in the air and spinning around was actually quite thrilling. I even found myself shouting and laughing along with Jenny. When the ride finally came to a stop, I felt a sense of accomplishment. Jenny gave me a big hug and said, ‌“Mom, you did it! It was so much fun!” I learned that facing my fear and trying new things could bring unexpected joys. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物活动为线索，讲述了作者和女儿Jenny逛德州州博览会，作者害怕过山车，而Jenny想玩，在她的期待下作者犹豫着答应了。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几秒钟内，我就被拖向了入口处。”可知，第一段可描写作者在等待乘坐游乐设施过程中的紧张状态，以及乘坐时的初始反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“令我惊讶的是，整个乘坐过程并不像我预期的那么可怕。”可知，第二段可描写作者逐渐放松并享受过程，结束后获得成就感，还领悟到尝试新事物的意义。 2. 续写线索：被拖向入口——紧张等待——开始乘坐——享受过程——获得感悟 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①开始：start/begin ②固定：fasten/fix/secure ③帮助：help/assist/aid 情绪类 ①颤抖：tremble/quiver ②快乐：joy/happiness ③满足：a sense of accomplishment/a sense of satisfaction 点睛】[高分句型1] My heart started pounding like a drum as we got closer to the ride.(运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] When it was our turn, the attendant helped us get into the seats and fastened the safety belts.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] I learned that facing my fear and trying new things could bring unexpected joys.(运用了连接词that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $