Unit 7 The unknown world单元测试（深圳专用）-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教牛津版）

绝密★启用前 Unit 7 The unknown world单元测试（深圳卷） 英 语 本试卷共75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） 一、完型填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） On the night before Chinese New Year, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu were still in the core module (核心舱) of China’s space station. It’s about 400 kilometers 1 the Earth. They became the first group of Chinese to spend the nations most 2 festival—the Chinese NewYear—in outer space. The three astronauts expressed (表达) their Spring Festival greetings in a video. While he was showing a pair of couplets (对联), Zhai said, “I wish all of 3 good health and good luck in everything you do”. Wang dressed in festive clothes and had a red balloon in hand. She wished children across the country “hard work and healthy 4 ”. Ye had a “Fu” in hand that means good luck. He wished Chinese people “a happy New Year and a happy family”. 5 far from home, the ways of celebrating the festival are the same. They made the beautiful red lanterns (灯笼) and Chinese knots (中国结) 6 . They will also enjoy the 7 that they usually share with their families on Earth: eating dumplings, wearing new clothes and sticking spring couplets (贴春联) on walls. For them, it’s a very special New Year. Moreover, Zhai and Wang have set 8 for the most number of days living and working in space by a Chinese man and woman separately. And they will 9 the records until at least 2023. China completed the building of its space station in 2022, and in the future, more Chinese people will 10 and enjoy the Spring Festival in space. 1．A．from B．below C．across D．along 2．A．expensive B．comfortable C．important D．serious 3．A．you B．me C．her D．him 4．A．study B．growth C．act D．move 5．A．Because B．So C．Though D．But 6．A．sadly B．worriedly C．happily D．quickly 7．A．events B．actions C．traditions D．shows 8．A．competitions B．records C．reports D．results 9．A．enjoy B．break C．hold D．change 10．A．celebrate B．discuss C．think D．watch 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了三名航天员如何在太空迎新春过新年。 1．句意：它离地球大约400公里。 from从……起；below在……下面；across在……对面；along沿着。根据“about 400 kilometers”可知，此处是中国空间站离地球的距离，故选A。 2．句意：他们成为第一批在太空度过中国最重要节日——春节的中国人。 expensive昂贵的；comfortable舒服的；important重要的；serious严肃的。根据“the Chinese New Year”可知，春节是中国最重要的节日，故选C。 3．句意：我祝大家身体健康，万事如意。 you你；me我；her她；him他。根据“good health and good luck in everything you do.”可知，此处是翟志刚对你们所有人的祝福，故选A。 4．句意：她祝愿全国的孩子们“努力学习，健康成长”。 study学习；growth成长；act行动；move移动。根据“healthy”可知，此处是健康成长，故选B。 5．句意：虽然远离家乡，但庆祝节日的方式是一样的。 Because因为；So因此；Though尽管；But但是。根据“the ways of celebrating the festival are the same.”可知，和上文之间是让步关系，此处用though引导的让步状语从句，故选C。 6．句意：他们开心地做了漂亮的红灯笼和中国结。 sadly悲伤地；worriedly担忧地；happily高兴地；quickly快速地。根据“They made the beautiful red lanterns and Chinese knots...”可知，此处是开心地制作中国结，故选C。 7．句意：他们还将享受他们通常与地球上的家人分享的传统，吃饺子，穿新衣服，在墙上贴春联。 events事件；actions行为；traditions传统；shows表演。根据“eating dumplings, wearing new clothes and sticking spring couplets on walls.”可知，此处是新年的传统，故选C。 8．句意：此外，翟和王还分别创造了中国男女在太空生活和工作天数最多的记录。 competitions比赛；records记录；reports报道；results结果。根据“the most number of days living and working in space by a Chinese man and woman separately”可知，此处是创造了记录，故选B。 9．句意：他们将保持记录至少到2023年。 enjoy享受；break破坏；hold保持；change改变。根据“until at least 2023”可知，此处是保持记录，故选C。 10．句意：在未来，更多的中国人将在太空庆祝和享受春节。 celebrate庆祝；discuss讨论；think思考；watch看。根据“and enjoy the Spring Festival in space.”可知，此处是更多的中国人将在太空庆祝和享受春节，故选A。 二、阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A China launched three astronauts in the Shenzhou XV to the country’s space station on Nov. 29, 2022. Deng Qingming’s dream has come true. Deng Qingming, 57, was one of the three members and it was his first journey into space. Deng is the last serving member of China’s first group of astronauts to take part in a spaceflight. Deng was born into a farming family in March 1966. In 1996, Deng began to take part in the selection (选拔) of astronaut candidates (候选人) and was finally elected with another 13 pilots. Two years later, the 14 pilots became the first members of the PLA Astronaut Division. In the following years, Deng spent almost all of his time training and hardly had time to take care of his family members. Although Deng made a great effort so as not to lose a chance to fly into space, he was always inches away from good luck. He had served as a backup (后备) space team member for 24 years, but he never had a chance to fly into space until 2022. He recalled his daughter once said to him, “Dad, you are only one step away from realizing your dream. You must stick to your dream, no matter what waits for you. You are the greatest hero in my heart.” In January 2014, five of the first group of Chinese astronauts retired (退休). “I clearly remember what Chen Quan said to me, ‘No matter whether you take part in a flight or still remain a backup, Deng, please continue trying your best and don’t give up’,” Deng Qingming said. 11．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Had. B．Sent. C．Took. D．Set. 12．When did Deng become the member of the PLA Astronaut Division? A．1966. B．1996. C．1998. D．2022. 13．What is the right order of the following events? ①Deng became a member of the PLA Astronaut Division. ②Deng became an astronaut candidate. ③Deng took part in a spaceflight. ④Deng served as a backup space team member. A．②①③④ B．②①④③ C．①②③④ D．①②④③ 14．How many years passed from the retirement of China’s first astronauts to Deng’s first journey? A．24. B．22. C．14. D．8. 15．What does the author try to tell us? A．We should try our best and never give up. B．We should spend more time with our family. C．We should prepare ourselves for many years. D．We should fly into space as young as possible. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国首批航天员邓清明坚持梦想24年，最终实现太空飞行的故事。 11．词句猜测题。根据“in the Shenzhou XV to the country’s space station on Nov. 29, 2022.”可知，此处指发射宇宙飞船派遣航天员进入太空。“launched”意思为“发射”，与选项B意思最相近。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“In 1996, Deng began to take part in the selection (选拔) of astronaut candidates (候选人) and was finally elected with another 13 pilots.”和“Two years later, the 14 pilots became the first members of the PLA Astronaut Division.”可知，邓清明于1996年参加选拔，两年后，即1998年，成为首批航天员大队成员。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据“In 1996, Deng began to take part in the selection (选拔) of astronaut candidates (候选 ) and was finally elected with another 13 pilots. Two years later, the 14 pilots became the first members of the PLA Astronaut Division.”和“He had served as a backup (后备) space team member for 24 years, but he never had a chance to fly into space until 2022.”可知，事情发生的正确顺序为：1996年参加选拔；两年后，即1998年成为航天员大队成员；此后24年间担任备选成员；2022年执行神舟十五号任务，即正确顺序为②①④③。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据“In January 2014, five of the first group of Chinese astronauts retired (退休).”和“China launched three astronauts in the Shenzhou XV to the country’s space station on Nov. 29, 2022. Deng Qingming’s dream has come true.”可知，邓清明2022年开启首次飞行任务，距离2014年首批宇航员退休有8年的时间。故选D。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Dad, you are only one step away from realizing your dream. You must stick to your dream, no matter what waits for you. You are the greatest hero in my heart.”可知，全文通过邓清明24年坚持努力终圆梦的故事，强调永不放弃的精神。作者意图传递坚持不懈的价值观。故选A。 B Food is key to our daily life. In space, where astronauts face microgravity (微重力) environments and physical changes, the need for safe, nutritious (有营养的) and high-energy food is especially important to overall health. Space food must provide enough energy for astronauts to complete their tasks, according to NASA (美国宇航局). Proper nutrition can help fight against problems like bone and muscle degradation (骨骼和肌肉退化): To deal with these, space food often contains vitamin D, vitamin K, and vitamin C． And iron, omega-3 fatty acids and B12 are also added to ensure astronauts’ health. NASA can’t simply consider physical health when designing space food, though. The nutritional value of a meal only goes so far if it doesn’t raise astronauts’ interest. Rather, Grace Douglas, the lead scientist for NASA’s Advanced Food Technology research group, and her workmates aim to offer astronauts several meal choices to provide psychological (心理的) health benefits. After years of nutritional studies and progress in food technology, NASA has moved focus away from dietary formulas (配方) toward providing as many nutrients from fruit and vegetables as possible. However, it can be difficult to depend heavily on fruit and vegetables as main space food because they don’t include many calories. This causes a problem for spaceflight without much storage room. So it will be key to create a sustainable food source (可持续的食物来源). To achieve this, NASA scientists are studying the best ways to grow crops in microgravity. On the International Space Station, astronauts have successfully grown different kinds of leafy greens and flowers in the Vegetable Production System, known as Veggie. Eating a fresh leafy green could help astronauts feel connected with the green planet they call home. 16．Paragraph 2 mainly focuses on ________. A．the effects of microgravity on astronauts B．the importance of proper nutrition for astronauts’ health C．the challenges of designing space food D．NASA’s efforts to create high-energy space food 17．How do Grace’s team improve astronauts’ dining experience? A．They make food look more delicious. B．They organize taste tests on astronauts. C．They change the order of the menu. D．They provide more food choices. 18．The underlined word “This” in Para.4 refers to “________”. A．A dietary formula B．Creating a sustainable food source C．Using fruit and vegetables as main space food D．Providing many nutrients and calories 19．What can astronauts expect from Veggie? A．The higher nutritional value of a meal. B．Psychological comfort. C．An improvement in communication with Earth. D．Treatment methods that prevent the degeneration of bones and muscles. 20．What would the author write about after the last paragraph? A．Why scientists build the best diet for astronauts. B．How long a space travel usually lasts. C．How astronauts grow crops in microgravity. D．What makes space food so special. 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空食物对于宇航员的重要性，包括其营养需求、设计时需要考虑的因素，以及目前在太空种植作物以提供可持续食物来源的研究情况。 16．推理判断题。根据第二段“Space food must provide enough energy for astronauts to complete their tasks,”和“Proper nutrition can help fight against problems like bone and muscle degradation”可知，太空食物要为宇航员提供足够能量，合理的营养能帮助宇航员对抗一些健康问题；因此，整段围绕着合理营养对宇航员健康的重要性展开。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据第三段“Grace Douglas, the lead scientist for NASA’s Advanced Food Technology research group, and her workmates aim to offer astronauts several meal choices to provide psychological health benefits.”可知，Grace的团队通过提供更多食物选择来改善宇航员的用餐体验，从而对他们的心理健康有益。故选D。 18．词义猜测题。根据第四段“it can be difficult to depend heavily on fruit and vegetables as main space food because they don’t include many calories.”可知，把水果和蔬菜作为主要太空食物存在困难，因为它们热量不足，这导致了太空飞行中存储空间有限的问题；因此，划线单词“This”指代的是“Using fruit and vegetables as main space food”。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Eating a fresh leafy green could help astronauts feel connected with the green planet they call home.”可知，在蔬菜培育系统 (Veggie) 中种植的新鲜绿叶蔬菜能让宇航员感觉与地球有联系，给他们带来心理上的安慰。故选B。 20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“NASA scientists are studying the best ways to grow crops in microgravity. On the International Space Station, astronauts have successfully grown different kinds of leafy greens and flowers in the Vegetable Production System,”可知，美国宇航局的科学家们正在研究在微重力下种植作物的最佳方法，而在国际空间站上，宇航员已经成功地在蔬菜生产系统中种植了不同种类的绿叶蔬菜和花朵；那么，接下来很可能会具体介绍宇航员在微重力环境下是如何种植作物的。故选C。 C On February 12, 2025, the China Manned Space Agency announced the official names of the spacesuit and lunar rover for China’s manned lunar exploration mission. They are named “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”. The name “Wangyu” means “gazing at the universe and exploring the unknown.” It shows the Chinese astronauts’ mission to look into space and start new journeys on the moon. From “Feitian” spacesuit to “Wangyu”, it shows China’s plan to move from working in space to landing on the moon. The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity. The lunar rover is named “Tansuo”, which means “exploration”. This name shows the rover’s job to help Chinese people explore the mysteries of the moon. The rover can be folded and is made of different parts. It can carry two astronauts and move quickly over rough ground. It can also help with navigation, safety, communication, and carrying things. It will help astronauts do scientific research and tests on the moon. The names were chosen from more than 9,000 entries in a public competition. They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit. From “Chang’e” and “Yutu” to “Tianwen” and “Zhurong,” and now “Wangyu” and “Tansuo,” the names of China’s spacecraft always connect traditional culture with modern technology. They show China’s spirit of exploration and innovation. Right now, “Wangyu” and “Tansuo” are in the early stages of development. China plans to send people to the moon before 2030. The mission will test key technologies like traveling between the Earth and the moon, staying on the moon for a short time, and working together with robots. The astronauts will do many tasks like landing, exploring, collecting samples, researching, and bringing things back to Earth. The names “Wangyu” and “Tansuo” mark a new step in China’s space exploration. They are not only the results of China’s space technology but also symbols of the Chinese people’s spirit of exploring the universe. 21．What does the name “Wangyu” symbolize? A．The rover’s ability to move quickly on the moon. B．The astronauts’ mission to explore space and the moon. C．The opposite between traditional culture and modern technology. D．The competition to name the spacesuit and rover. 22．What can we know about the “Tansuo” lunar rover? A．It is designed to carry only one astronaut. B．It is mainly used for communication purposes. C．It cannot move over rough ground. D．It can help astronauts perform scientific tasks on the moon. 23．What does the article suggest about China’s space exploration? A．It focuses only on space station missions. B．It aims to compete with other countries for space dominance. C．It combines traditional culture with modern technology. D．It has no plans for manned lunar missions. 24．What can we know about the names “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”? A．They were chosen by a small group of scientists. B．They are unrelated to Chinese culture. C．They were named after ancient Chinese emperors. D．They reflect China’s peaceful use of space and spirit of exploration. 25．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To explain how spacesuits and lunar rovers are made. B．To describe the history of China’s space exploration. C．To compare Chinese spacecraft with those of other countries. D．To introduce the names and meanings of China’s new spacesuit and lunar rover. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 24．D 25．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国新型宇航服和月球车的名称和含义。 21．细节理解题。根据“The name ‘Wangyu’ means ‘gazing at the universe and exploring the unknown.’ It shows the Chinese astronauts’ mission to look into space and start new journeys on the moon.”可知，“望宇”象征着宇航员探索太空和月球的使命。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“The lunar rover is named ‘Tansuo’…It will help astronauts do scientific research and tests on the moon.”可知，“探索”号月球车可以帮助宇航员在月球上执行科学任务。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据“From ‘Chang’e’ and ‘Yutu’ to ‘Tianwen’ and ‘Zhurong,’ and now ‘Wangyu’ and ‘Tansuo,’ the names of China’s spacecraft always connect traditional culture with modern technology.”可知，中国的空间探索结合了传统文化与现代技术。故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据“The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity.”以及“They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit.”可推知，“望宇”和“探索”反映了中国和平利用太空和探索精神。故选D。 25．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国新型宇航服和月球车的名称和含义。故选D。 第二节（每小题1分，共 5分 ） 请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 April 24 is a special day, Space Day of China. It is honored to celebrate the country’s development in space exploration. The manned space missions (载人航天) are a big part of it. 26 What problems do astronauts meet? Astronauts may face many challenges in space. There is low gravity (重力) there, which affects their bodies. 27 What’s more, if something goes wrong on their mission all of a sudden, they have to work out how to fix it under huge pressure. That’s why astronauts have to be smart, strong, and ready for any challenge before they can go to space. 28 “To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, over 200 kinds of training are set,” said Huang Weifen, the chief designer of the project. 29 So before astronauts can go to space, they train like this for at least three and a half years. 30 This helps them get ready for the weightless environment in space. Huang explained that astronauts wear diving suits (潜水服) that weigh more than 100 kilograms and stay underwater for six hours at a time. She said that it was quite hard. For example, Nie Haisheng even lost 2 kilos after an underwater training. A．How are astronauts trained? B．What is the weightless feeling? C．Being an astronaut is exciting but difficult. D．One of the hardest parts of the training is the underwater training. E．Also, staying long in a tiny spaceship can make them feel stressed out. F．These include not only physical training but also some basic science training. 【答案】26．C 27．E 28．A 29．F 30．D 【导语】本文介绍了宇航员面临的问题和所接受的训练。 26．根据“April 24 is a special day, Space Day of China. It is honored to celebrate the country’s development in space exploration. The manned space missions (载人航天) are a big part of it. ”可知，4月24日是中国的太空日，庆祝国家在太空探索方面的发展，载人航天是其中重要部分。由此可推测当宇航员是令人兴奋但困难的，选项C“成为一名宇航员是令人兴奋但困难的。”符合语境。故选C。 27．根据“Astronauts may face many challenges in space. There is low gravity (重力) there, which affects their bodies. ”以及“What’s more, if something goes wrong on their mission all of a sudden, they have to work out how to fix it under huge pressure. ”可知，这里在列举宇航员在太空中面临的挑战，前面提到了低重力影响身体，后面提到任务出问题要在巨大压力下解决，所以此处应是另一个挑战，选项E“而且，长时间待在小太空飞船里会让他们感到有压力。”符合语境。故选E。 28．根据“To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, over 200 kinds of training are set, ”可知，为了确保中国宇航员完成任务并安全返回地球，设置了200多种训练，由此可推测此处应是关于宇航员的训练情况，选项A“宇航员是如何训练的？”符合语境。故选A。 29．根据“To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, over 200 kinds of training are set, ”以及“So before astronauts can go to space, they train like this for at least three and a half years. ”可知，设置了200多种训练，宇航员要进行至少三年半这样的训练，此处应是对这些训练内容的进一步说明，选项F“这些训练不仅包括体能训练，还包括一些基础科学训练”。符合语境。故选F。 30．根据“This helps them get ready for the weightless environment in space. Huang explained that astronauts wear diving suits (潜水服) that weigh more than 100 kilograms and stay underwater for six hours at a time. ”可知，这里提到了一种帮助宇航员为太空失重环境做准备的训练，即穿着100多公斤的潜水服在水下待六小时，所以此处应是在说水下训练，选项D“训练中最难的部分之一是水下训练。”符合语境。故选D 第三节 （每小题1分，共 5分 ） 下面的材料A-F分别介绍6条留言。请根据5条留言者信息找到对应留言。 31 Ted is going to America by air and he is coming back on October 25th. 32 Lisa is travelling abroad. She will call you back after she comes back. 33 Mary is busy on work day. She wants to know if it is fine for you on weekend. 34 Tara has something else to do with after work, so she will come to the party at about ten to seven. 35 Toby can’t come to the party, because his mother is ill. A．Nancy, thank you for asking me to go shopping with you. But I am afraid I can’t. I have a lot of work to do from Monday to Friday. I wonder whether it is OK on Saturday or Sunday. B．Paul, I am very sorry. I can’t play basketball with you on Saturday afternoon because I happened to hurt my left leg last week. I have to rest for a few days. I hope to join you next week. C． Emma, you are so kind to invite me to your birthday party. I’d love to, but I have to stay with my mother in hospital. She just had an operation (手术). I hope you have a happy birthday party. D．Barry, thank you for inviting me to your house for dinner on October 20th. But I have to fly to America on business. I am really sorry. I hope to see you after I get back a week later. E. Hall, thank you for your invitation. I’d love to go to your party at half past six, but we’ll have a meeting after work, so I may be 20 minutes late. I hope you can understand. F. Harry, thank you for your invitation. But I am on my business in Germany these days. Sorry for not going to your party. 【答案】31．D 32．F 33．A 34．E 35．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了5人的个人情况及相应留言信息。 31．根据“Ted is going to America by air and he is coming back on October 25th.”可知，泰德将乘飞机去美国，他将于10月25日回来。选项D“巴里，谢谢你邀请我10月20日到你家吃饭。但我必须因公飞往美国。我真的很抱歉。我希望一周后能见到你。”与之对应。故选D。 32．根据“Lisa is travelling abroad. She will call you back after she comes back.”可知，丽莎正在国外旅行。选项F“哈里，谢谢你的邀请。但这些天我在德国办事。很抱歉没去参加你的聚会。”与之对应。故选F。 33．根据“Mary is busy on work day. She wants to know if it is fine for you on weekend.”可知，玛丽在工作日很忙，周末有时间。选项A“南希，谢谢你邀请我和你一起去购物。但恐怕我不能。从星期一到星期五，我有很多工作要做。我想知道星期六是否可以。”与之对应。故选A。 34．根据“Tara has something else to do with after work, so she will come to the party at about ten to seven.”可知，塔拉下班后还有别的事要做，所以她将在六点五十分左右参加聚会。选项E“霍尔，谢谢你的邀请。我很想六点半去参加你的聚会，但我们下班后有个会议，所以我可能会迟到20分钟。我希望你能理解。”与之对应。故选E。 35．根据“Toby can’t come to the party, because his mother is ill.”可知，托比不能来参加聚会，因为他妈妈病了。选项C“艾玛，你真是太好了，邀请我参加你的生日聚会。我很想去，但我必须和我妈妈一起住院。她刚动了手术。我希望你过得愉快。”与之对应。故选C。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） 三、语法填空（每小题1分，共 10分 ） 阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。 Humans might live on another planet one day! That seemed 36 (possible) years ago. But now the idea might come true. Stephen Hawking, 37 great British scientist, said that we humans only have 1,000 years to live on the earth. It means that humans 38 (fly) to another planet in 1,000 years. In fact, we have found one red planet—Mars. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and it’s the closest to Earth, but it’s much 39 (cold) than Earth. For many years, scientists have studied Mars. Some years ago, they 40 (send) robots there and wanted to find water and life on Mars. 41 (luck), they found that there is water on it. Then the idea of living on Mars looks possible. In 2013, Dutch scientists first planned 42 (put) humans on Mars in the 2030s. They offered (提供) people one-way tickets to go and build new homes on Mars. 43 it was dangerous, over 200,000 people still wanted to take part in it. American scientists showed another plan to get humans to Mars in 2033. They are working on 44 (build) larger rockets these days. They are also doing a lot of preparations to help people get back to the earth. I believe that humans will go to Mars and have an even closer look 45 our red neighbor. 【答案】 36．impossible 37．a 38．will fly 39．colder 40．sent 41．Luckily 42．to put 43．Although/Though 44．building 45．at 【导语】本文主要讲述了人类未来可能移居火星以及科学家们为此所做的研究和准备。 36．句意：几年前这似乎是不可能的。根据“That seemed...years ago. But now the idea might come true.”中的“But”可知，这两句是转折关系，再结合提示词可知，此处应表示“几年前这似乎是不可能的，但是现在这个想法可能会实现”，形容词impossible“不可能的”符合语境。故填impossible。 37．句意：英国伟大的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金说，我们人类只能在地球上居住1000年。此处泛指“一个伟大的科学家”，应用不定冠词a或an，空后的great以辅音音素开头，故填a。 38．句意：这意味着1000年后人类将飞往另一个星球。fly“飞”，动词。根据“in 1,000 years”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构是：will+动词原形，故填will fly。 39．句意：火星是离太阳第四远的行星，它离地球最近，但是它比地球冷得多。cold“寒冷的”，形容词。根据空后的“than”和提示词可知，空处应填cold的比较级colder。故填colder。 40．句意：几年前，他们把机器人送到那里，想在火星上找到水和生命。send“发送”，动词。根据“Some years ago”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处应填send的过去式sent。故填sent。 41．句意：幸运的是，他们发现它上面有水。luck“运气”，名词。根据“they found that there is water on it”可知，在火星上发现水这件事是幸运的，结合提示词和空处所在位置可知，空处应填副词luckily“幸运的是”，用于修饰整个句子，句首首字母l要大写。故填Luckily。 42．句意：2013年，荷兰科学家首次计划在21世纪30年代将人类送上火星。put“安置”，动词。结合短语plan to do sth.“计划做某事”和提示词可知，空处应填动词不定式to put。故填to put。 43．句意：尽管很危险，但仍有20多万人想参加。分析“...it was dangerous, over 200,000 people still wanted to take part in it.”可知，前后句是让步关系，空处应用although“尽管”或though“尽管”来引导此让步状语从句，句首首字母要大写。故填Although/Though。 44．句意：这些天他们正致力于建造更大的火箭。build“建造”，动词。空前的on是介词，其后接动词-ing形式，所以空处应填build的动词-ing形式building。故填building。 45．句意：我相信人类会去火星，更近距离地观察我们的红色邻居。分析“have an even closer look...our red neighbor”可知，本题考查短语have a look at sth.“看一看某物”。故填at。 四、书面表达（15分） 46．2022年11月28日，中国航天员邓清明成为神舟十五号航天员乘组成员。他坚持不懈地追求自己太空梦想的故事感动了很多人。你校校报正组织以“The hero in my heart”为题目的英语征文活动，请根据以下提示介绍邓清明的事迹并分享你对他的钦佩之情。 经历与成就 ·1966年3月16日出生于江西省的一个农民家庭； ·学习勤奋，1984年6月入伍，成为一名飞行员； ·1998年1月入选中国首批航天员； ·2022年11月成为神舟十五号航天员乘组成员，为此她准备了近25年。终圆太空梦。 你的感受 …… 要求： 1.短文须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥： 2.语言表达准确，语义连贯、通顺： 3.词数100左右。参考词汇：a crew member for the Shenzhou-15 mission 一名神舟十五号任务的机组成员, devote all one’s efforts 全力以赴 The hero in my heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文: The hero in my heart Of the many space heroes in our country’s history, Deng Qingming leaves a deep impression on me. He is the hero in my heart. Deng Qingming was born into a farmer’s family in Jiangxi Province on March 16, 1966. He studied hard and joined the army as a pilot in June 1984. In January 1998, he was selected as one of the first batch of Chinese astronauts. He devoted all his efforts to preparing for becoming a crew member for the Shenzhou-15 mission for nearly 25 years, and finally made it in November 2022. I admire him very much because of his perseverance and dedication to his space dream. His story inspires me to never give up on my own dreams and to keep working hard towards them. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：本文使用“一般现在时和一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点应注意题干给出的“介绍航天员邓清明的事迹并分享你对他的钦佩之情”并适当补充，使文章内容充实。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点题，介绍自己心中的英雄是航天员邓清明； 第二步，根据提示内容，介绍航天员邓清明的个人信息，经历等情况； 第三步，表达你对他的钦佩之情以及分享你从他身上学到了什么。 [亮点词汇] ①devote all one’s efforts to do sth全力以赴做某事 ②make it取得成功 [高分句型] ①He devoted all his efforts to preparing for becoming a crew member for the Shenzhou-15 mission for nearly 25 years, and finally made it in November 2022.（动名词作宾语） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 Unit 7 The unknown world单元测试（深圳卷） 英 语 本试卷共75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） 一、完型填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） On the night before Chinese New Year, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu were still in the core module (核心舱) of China’s space station. It’s about 400 kilometers 1 the Earth. They became the first group of Chinese to spend the nations most 2 festival—the Chinese NewYear—in outer space. The three astronauts expressed (表达) their Spring Festival greetings in a video. While he was showing a pair of couplets (对联), Zhai said, “I wish all of 3 good health and good luck in everything you do”. Wang dressed in festive clothes and had a red balloon in hand. She wished children across the country “hard work and healthy 4 ”. Ye had a “Fu” in hand that means good luck. He wished Chinese people “a happy New Year and a happy family”. 5 far from home, the ways of celebrating the festival are the same. They made the beautiful red lanterns (灯笼) and Chinese knots (中国结) 6 . They will also enjoy the 7 that they usually share with their families on Earth: eating dumplings, wearing new clothes and sticking spring couplets (贴春联) on walls. For them, it’s a very special New Year. Moreover, Zhai and Wang have set 8 for the most number of days living and working in space by a Chinese man and woman separately. And they will 9 the records until at least 2023. China completed the building of its space station in 2022, and in the future, more Chinese people will 10 and enjoy the Spring Festival in space. 1．A．from B．below C．across D．along 2．A．expensive B．comfortable C．important D．serious 3．A．you B．me C．her D．him 4．A．study B．growth C．act D．move 5．A．Because B．So C．Though D．But 6．A．sadly B．worriedly C．happily D．quickly 7．A．events B．actions C．traditions D．shows 8．A．competitions B．records C．reports D．results 9．A．enjoy B．break C．hold D．change 10．A．celebrate B．discuss C．think D．watch 二、阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A China launched three astronauts in the Shenzhou XV to the country’s space station on Nov. 29, 2022. Deng Qingming’s dream has come true. Deng Qingming, 57, was one of the three members and it was his first journey into space. Deng is the last serving member of China’s first group of astronauts to take part in a spaceflight. Deng was born into a farming family in March 1966. In 1996, Deng began to take part in the selection (选拔) of astronaut candidates (候选人) and was finally elected with another 13 pilots. Two years later, the 14 pilots became the first members of the PLA Astronaut Division. In the following years, Deng spent almost all of his time training and hardly had time to take care of his family members. Although Deng made a great effort so as not to lose a chance to fly into space, he was always inches away from good luck. He had served as a backup (后备) space team member for 24 years, but he never had a chance to fly into space until 2022. He recalled his daughter once said to him, “Dad, you are only one step away from realizing your dream. You must stick to your dream, no matter what waits for you. You are the greatest hero in my heart.” In January 2014, five of the first group of Chinese astronauts retired (退休). “I clearly remember what Chen Quan said to me, ‘No matter whether you take part in a flight or still remain a backup, Deng, please continue trying your best and don’t give up’,” Deng Qingming said. 11．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Had. B．Sent. C．Took. D．Set. 12．When did Deng become the member of the PLA Astronaut Division? A．1966. B．1996. C．1998. D．2022. 13．What is the right order of the following events? ①Deng became a member of the PLA Astronaut Division. ②Deng became an astronaut candidate. ③Deng took part in a spaceflight. ④Deng served as a backup space team member. A．②①③④ B．②①④③ C．①②③④ D．①②④③ 14．How many years passed from the retirement of China’s first astronauts to Deng’s first journey? A．24. B．22. C．14. D．8. 15．What does the author try to tell us? A．We should try our best and never give up. B．We should spend more time with our family. C．We should prepare ourselves for many years. D．We should fly into space as young as possible. B Food is key to our daily life. In space, where astronauts face microgravity (微重力) environments and physical changes, the need for safe, nutritious (有营养的) and high-energy food is especially important to overall health. Space food must provide enough energy for astronauts to complete their tasks, according to NASA (美国宇航局). Proper nutrition can help fight against problems like bone and muscle degradation (骨骼和肌肉退化): To deal with these, space food often contains vitamin D, vitamin K, and vitamin C． And iron, omega-3 fatty acids and B12 are also added to ensure astronauts’ health. NASA can’t simply consider physical health when designing space food, though. The nutritional value of a meal only goes so far if it doesn’t raise astronauts’ interest. Rather, Grace Douglas, the lead scientist for NASA’s Advanced Food Technology research group, and her workmates aim to offer astronauts several meal choices to provide psychological (心理的) health benefits. After years of nutritional studies and progress in food technology, NASA has moved focus away from dietary formulas (配方) toward providing as many nutrients from fruit and vegetables as possible. However, it can be difficult to depend heavily on fruit and vegetables as main space food because they don’t include many calories. This causes a problem for spaceflight without much storage room. So it will be key to create a sustainable food source (可持续的食物来源). To achieve this, NASA scientists are studying the best ways to grow crops in microgravity. On the International Space Station, astronauts have successfully grown different kinds of leafy greens and flowers in the Vegetable Production System, known as Veggie. Eating a fresh leafy green could help astronauts feel connected with the green planet they call home. 16．Paragraph 2 mainly focuses on ________. A．the effects of microgravity on astronauts B．the importance of proper nutrition for astronauts’ health C．the challenges of designing space food D．NASA’s efforts to create high-energy space food 17．How do Grace’s team improve astronauts’ dining experience? A．They make food look more delicious. B．They organize taste tests on astronauts. C．They change the order of the menu. D．They provide more food choices. 18．The underlined word “This” in Para.4 refers to “________”. A．A dietary formula B．Creating a sustainable food source C．Using fruit and vegetables as main space food D．Providing many nutrients and calories 19．What can astronauts expect from Veggie? A．The higher nutritional value of a meal. B．Psychological comfort. C．An improvement in communication with Earth. D．Treatment methods that prevent the degeneration of bones and muscles. 20．What would the author write about after the last paragraph? A．Why scientists build the best diet for astronauts. B．How long a space travel usually lasts. C．How astronauts grow crops in microgravity. D．What makes space food so special. C On February 12, 2025, the China Manned Space Agency announced the official names of the spacesuit and lunar rover for China’s manned lunar exploration mission. They are named “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”. The name “Wangyu” means “gazing at the universe and exploring the unknown.” It shows the Chinese astronauts’ mission to look into space and start new journeys on the moon. From “Feitian” spacesuit to “Wangyu”, it shows China’s plan to move from working in space to landing on the moon. The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity. The lunar rover is named “Tansuo”, which means “exploration”. This name shows the rover’s job to help Chinese people explore the mysteries of the moon. The rover can be folded and is made of different parts. It can carry two astronauts and move quickly over rough ground. It can also help with navigation, safety, communication, and carrying things. It will help astronauts do scientific research and tests on the moon. The names were chosen from more than 9,000 entries in a public competition. They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit. From “Chang’e” and “Yutu” to “Tianwen” and “Zhurong,” and now “Wangyu” and “Tansuo,” the names of China’s spacecraft always connect traditional culture with modern technology. They show China’s spirit of exploration and innovation. Right now, “Wangyu” and “Tansuo” are in the early stages of development. China plans to send people to the moon before 2030. The mission will test key technologies like traveling between the Earth and the moon, staying on the moon for a short time, and working together with robots. The astronauts will do many tasks like landing, exploring, collecting samples, researching, and bringing things back to Earth. The names “Wangyu” and “Tansuo” mark a new step in China’s space exploration. They are not only the results of China’s space technology but also symbols of the Chinese people’s spirit of exploring the universe. 21．What does the name “Wangyu” symbolize? A．The rover’s ability to move quickly on the moon. B．The astronauts’ mission to explore space and the moon. C．The opposite between traditional culture and modern technology. D．The competition to name the spacesuit and rover. 22．What can we know about the “Tansuo” lunar rover? A．It is designed to carry only one astronaut. B．It is mainly used for communication purposes. C．It cannot move over rough ground. D．It can help astronauts perform scientific tasks on the moon. 23．What does the article suggest about China’s space exploration? A．It focuses only on space station missions. B．It aims to compete with other countries for space dominance. C．It combines traditional culture with modern technology. D．It has no plans for manned lunar missions. 24．What can we know about the names “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”? A．They were chosen by a small group of scientists. B．They are unrelated to Chinese culture. C．They were named after ancient Chinese emperors. D．They reflect China’s peaceful use of space and spirit of exploration. 25．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To explain how spacesuits and lunar rovers are made. B．To describe the history of China’s space exploration. C．To compare Chinese spacecraft with those of other countries. D．To introduce the names and meanings of China’s new spacesuit and lunar rover. 第二节（每小题1分，共 5分 ） 请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 April 24 is a special day, Space Day of China. It is honored to celebrate the country’s development in space exploration. The manned space missions (载人航天) are a big part of it. 26 What problems do astronauts meet? Astronauts may face many challenges in space. There is low gravity (重力) there, which affects their bodies. 27 What’s more, if something goes wrong on their mission all of a sudden, they have to work out how to fix it under huge pressure. That’s why astronauts have to be smart, strong, and ready for any challenge before they can go to space. 28 “To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, over 200 kinds of training are set,” said Huang Weifen, the chief designer of the project. 29 So before astronauts can go to space, they train like this for at least three and a half years. 30 This helps them get ready for the weightless environment in space. Huang explained that astronauts wear diving suits (潜水服) that weigh more than 100 kilograms and stay underwater for six hours at a time. She said that it was quite hard. For example, Nie Haisheng even lost 2 kilos after an underwater training. A．How are astronauts trained? B．What is the weightless feeling? C．Being an astronaut is exciting but difficult. D．One of the hardest parts of the training is the underwater training. E．Also, staying long in a tiny spaceship can make them feel stressed out. F．These include not only physical training but also some basic science training. 第三节 （每小题1分，共 5分 ） 下面的材料A-F分别介绍6条留言。请根据5条留言者信息找到对应留言。 31 Ted is going to America by air and he is coming back on October 25th. 32 Lisa is travelling abroad. She will call you back after she comes back. 33 Mary is busy on work day. She wants to know if it is fine for you on weekend. 34 Tara has something else to do with after work, so she will come to the party at about ten to seven. 35 Toby can’t come to the party, because his mother is ill. A．Nancy, thank you for asking me to go shopping with you. But I am afraid I can’t. I have a lot of work to do from Monday to Friday. I wonder whether it is OK on Saturday or Sunday. B．Paul, I am very sorry. I can’t play basketball with you on Saturday afternoon because I happened to hurt my left leg last week. I have to rest for a few days. I hope to join you next week. C． Emma, you are so kind to invite me to your birthday party. I’d love to, but I have to stay with my mother in hospital. She just had an operation (手术). I hope you have a happy birthday party. D．Barry, thank you for inviting me to your house for dinner on October 20th. But I have to fly to America on business. I am really sorry. I hope to see you after I get back a week later. E. Hall, thank you for your invitation. I’d love to go to your party at half past six, but we’ll have a meeting after work, so I may be 20 minutes late. I hope you can understand. F. Harry, thank you for your invitation. But I am on my business in Germany these days. Sorry for not going to your party. 第二部分 非选择题（25分） 三、语法填空（每小题1分，共 10分 ） 阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。 Humans might live on another planet one day! That seemed 36 (possible) years ago. But now the idea might come true. Stephen Hawking, 37 great British scientist, said that we humans only have 1,000 years to live on the earth. It means that humans 38 (fly) to another planet in 1,000 years. In fact, we have found one red planet—Mars. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and it’s the closest to Earth, but it’s much 39 (cold) than Earth. For many years, scientists have studied Mars. Some years ago, they 40 (send) robots there and wanted to find water and life on Mars. 41 (luck), they found that there is water on it. Then the idea of living on Mars looks possible. In 2013, Dutch scientists first planned 42 (put) humans on Mars in the 2030s. They offered (提供) people one-way tickets to go and build new homes on Mars. 43 it was dangerous, over 200,000 people still wanted to take part in it. American scientists showed another plan to get humans to Mars in 2033. They are working on 44 (build) larger rockets these days. They are also doing a lot of preparations to help people get back to the earth. I believe that humans will go to Mars and have an even closer look 45 our red neighbor. 四、书面表达（15分） 46．2022年11月28日，中国航天员邓清明成为神舟十五号航天员乘组成员。他坚持不懈地追求自己太空梦想的故事感动了很多人。你校校报正组织以“The hero in my heart”为题目的英语征文活动，请根据以下提示介绍邓清明的事迹并分享你对他的钦佩之情。 经历与成就 ·1966年3月16日出生于江西省的一个农民家庭； ·学习勤奋，1984年6月入伍，成为一名飞行员； ·1998年1月入选中国首批航天员； ·2022年11月成为神舟十五号航天员乘组成员，为此她准备了近25年。终圆太空梦。 你的感受 …… 要求： 1.短文须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥： 2.语言表达准确，语义连贯、通顺： 3.词数100左右。参考词汇：a crew member for the Shenzhou-15 mission 一名神舟十五号任务的机组成员, devote all one’s efforts 全力以赴 The hero in my heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$