热点话题09 神舟系列飞船与中国航空航天-备战2025年中考英语最新热点话题题型综合练

热点话题09 神舟系列飞船与中国航空航天 热点话题综合练 一、阅读理解 （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）On April 24, China achieved a great success! It launched the Shenzhou-20 crewed spaceship. Three astronauts were sent to the orbiting space station for a six-month mission. The spaceship, on top of a Long March-2F carrier rocket, took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. Just about 10 minutes after the launch, it separated from the rocket and got into its planned orbit. The China Manned Space Agency said the astronauts were fine and the launch was a big success. Next, the Shenzhou-20 will quickly and automatically meet and connect with the Tiangong space station. The Shenzhou-20 crew will then take over from the Shenzhou-19 crew in space. The crew, including commander Chen Dong and astronauts Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, has many tasks. They will do space science experiments, application tests, and go outside the spaceship. They’ll also handle cargo. There are some cool life science experiments. They’ll study zebra fish, planarians (涡虫) , and streptomyces (链霉菌) . The Shenzhou-20 is the first to study planarian regeneration in space. This can help us understand how to deal with space-related health problems in humans. Besides these, they’ll do 59 other space science experiments and technology tests. China’s space station has hosted over 200 scientific projects. China is also training its fourth group of astronauts. Astronauts from Hong Kong and Macao may fly to space as early as 2026. Pakistan will have two astronauts trained by China, and one may fly on a future Chinese space station mission. Shenzhou-20 is an important step in China’s space journey! 根据以上材料，根据其内容回答下列问题。 1．When was Shenzhou-20 launched? A．April 24 B．April 27 C．June 24 D．June 27 2．Where did the spaceship take off? A．From the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. B．From the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. C．From the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. D．From the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. 3．How long will the Shenzhou-20 crew stay in space? A．Three months B．Four months C．Six months D．Twelve months 4．What is special about the life science experiments on Shenzhou-20? A．Studying zebra fish for the first time in space. B．Conducting 59 space technology tests. C．Testing streptomyces for medical use. D．The first study of planarian regeneration in space. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The Shenzhou-20 crew includes astronauts from Hong Kong. B．Pakistan will send astronauts to train in China. C．China’s space station has hosted 59 scientific projects. D．The Shenzhou-20 will manually connect with Tiangong. （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·期中）. ①Do you know that China has carried out another exciting space mission (任务)? It’s called Shenzhou-19, and it’s another amazing journey to our space station. ②Three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, are part of this mission. Cai is the commander (指令长), and he once flew to space in 2022 with the Shenzhou-14 mission. Both Song and Wang were born in the 1990s. They are new to space travel, but they are very experienced. Song used to be an air force pilot, and Wang is China’s only woman space flight engineer. She is also the third Chinese woman to go on a space mission after Liu Yang and Wang Yaping. ③The Shenzhou-19 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the early morning on October 30, 2024. They went up into space and met the Shenzhou-18 astronauts at the space station. They will stay there for  months and do many important jobs. ④During their time in space, the astronauts will do scientific experiments, go on spacewalks, and even help with building and fixing things outside the space station. They will also teach us about space through educational activities. After their work is done, they are expected to come back to the earth in late April or early May this year. ⑤Let’s keep our eyes on the stars and dream about the exciting things we can learn from this mission. Maybe one day we’ll be part of China’s space adventures too! 1．Which of the following statements about the astronauts of Shenzhou-19 is True? A．Song Lingdong was an army officer before. B．All three astronauts have been to space before. C．Cai Xuzhe carried out the Shenzhou-14 mission. D．Wang Haoze is the first Chinese woman space flight astronaut. 2．What will the astronauts do during the mission? a. do some experiments           b. go on spacewalks c. take a vacation in space             d. teach students about space A．abc B．bcd C．acd D．abd 3．What is the article mainly about? A．The history of space exploration. B．Another space mission of China. C．Astronauts’ personal stories. D．China’s space plan. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1; ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． （24-25九年级下·四川成都·期中）On October 30,2024, Wang Haoze made history as China’s first female rocket engineer to fly into space. Her job career started from Southeast University where she studied Energy and Power Engineering. When she was at school, she performed successfully in study and also did excellent job in sports. After graduating in 2015, Wang joined the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute (北京航天动力研究所), where she researched rocket engines. She described the challenging work as “like progressing through game levels,” finding joy in solving difficult problems. In 2018, she applied for China’s third astronaut selection. This was a great turning in her life. During the selection process, she faced difficulties in the centrifuge (离心机). This machine makes people feel like they’re under gravity (重力) which is six times stronger than normal. “I felt terribly sick but refused to give up,” she recalled. Her efforts paid off when she was selected in 2020 as the only woman at that time. Wang says she succeeded because she practiced constantly—she repeated training exercises almost 1,000 times. “I knew I could make it.” Her achievement inspires lots of Chinese women in aerospace. Her story—from building rockets to riding in one herself—shows how hard work can turn impossible dreams come true. 1．What did Wang Haoze mainly study at Southeast University? A．Sports B．Computer Science C．Energy and Power Engineering 2．What did Wang think of her work at the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute? A．Boring but necessary. B．Too difficult to continue. C．Challenging but interesting. 3．What can we learn about Wang Haoze’s astronaut selection process? A．She passed easily because of her engineering background. B．She didn’t want to give up even when she was terribly sick. C．She almost failed because of her poor performance in sports. 4．Why does the writer mention Wang’s training repetition (1,000 times)? A．To show the importance of repeating. B．To show her determination and hard work. C．To suggest that astronaut training is unnecessarily long. 5．Which is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the process of becoming an astronaut in China. B．To explain the difficulty of becoming a female astronaut in China. C．To inspire readers by showing how determination can achieve impossible goals. （2025·福建南平·二模）China’s newest carrier rocket, the Long March 12, made its first flight on Nov. 30th, 2024 in Hainan. It is special in many ways. The Long March 12 is the first Chinese rocket with a diameter of 3.8 meters. Most Chinese rockets are 3.35 meters wide, a limit set in the 1960s for transporting things by rail. A wider body allows the rocket to hold 30% more propellant (推进剂) and carry heavier things. The launch also used a new technology called tethered release technology (牵制释放技术). Before, rockets would launch as soon as they had enough thrust (推力). Now, with the new technology, rockets don’t just take off straight away. They stay still for a short time. During this time, workers quickly check for problems. If everything looks good, the rocket is then launched. This makes sure that both the rocket and things on the ground are safe. More importantly, the Long March 12 is the first rocket launched at the Hainan International Commercial Aerospace Launch Center. The site has two launch towers. The No. 2 tower can launch over 10 kinds of rockets, different from government-run sites’ towers that can only launch one kind. This is possible because the tower uses an interface (接口) for different rocket sizes. The Long March 12 will help China build broadband satellite networks to provide internet to areas away from big cities across the country. 1．When did the Long March 12 finish its first flight? A．Mar. 12th. B．Mar. 30th. C．Nov. 12th. D．Nov. 30th. 2．How is the Long March 12 different from most other Chinese rockets? A．Wider. B．Longer. C．Heavier. D．Lighter. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2? A．The Long March 12 doesn’t take off straight away. B．The workers can’t quickly check for problems now. C．The workers don’t like the new tethered release technology. D．The Long March 12 launched as soon as it had enough thrust. 4．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How to choose the launch site. B．China’s commercial launch site. C．Different launch towers at the launch site. D．The new technology used at the launch site. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Aerospace Launch Center: New Tech, Hainan B．Long March 12 First Flight: New Tech, Hainan C．Aerospace Launch Center: Advanced Network, Hainan D．Long March 12 First Flight: Advanced Systems, Hainan （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft to the Tiangong Space Station. Three taikonauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze—will stay in space for six months to complete their mission.   Cai Xuzhe is the commander (指挥官). He had been to space in 2022. Wang Haoze, the only female astronaut, will be responsible for some scientific experiments. Song Lingdong, the youngest engineer of them, will test new space technologies.   Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because of micro-gravity (微重力), they often float in the station. They exercise two hours daily to stay healthy. They will also grow vegetables and study how light affects plant growth in space.   During their mission, they will went outside the capsule three times to carry out a number of experiments and collect space environment data (数据). They will even give a live science class to students on the Earth, showing how water forms floating balls in micro-gravity.   They will fly back in April or May 2020. Before returning to the Earth, they will clean the station and prepare it for the next crew. Their work will help China’s plan to build a moon base in the future.   阅读以上材料，选择正确答案。 1．How long will the Shenzhou-19 mission last? A．3 months. B．6 months. C．1 year. D．2 weeks. 2．What will Wang Haoze mainly do in space? A．Test new technologies. B．Cooke food for the crew. C．Does scientific experiments. D．Repairs the satellite. 3．Why do the taikonauts exercise every day? A．To stay healthy. B．To grow plants. C．To take photos. D．To study light. 4．The underline word “live” (Paragraph 4) means ________. A．居住 B．活着的 C．实况地 D．现场直播的 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how to become an astronaut. B．To describe the Shenzhou-19 mission. C．To discuss the history of space stations. D．To teach students about plant growth. （23-24八年级下·福建厦门·期中）Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen … Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil (邪恶的). The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di (天帝). Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together. Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously. 1．What is the Wukong satellite used for? A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. B．Finding the difference between good and evil. C．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station. D．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space. 2．What does the underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记 3．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________. A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West 4．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously? A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth. C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space. 5．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． （2025·山东泰安·一模）On March 21, 2025, the Shenzhou XIX crew successfully finished their third spacewalk outside China’s Tiangong space station. The China Manned Space Agency announced that Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe and Lieutenant Colonel Song Lingdong worked outside station for nearly seven hours, while Lieutenant Colonel Wang Haoze stayed inside to assist them. This mission (使命) marks another important step in China’s space exploration. The astronauts used a robotic arm and received support from ground control to complete several tasks. They installed protective shields (防护罩) against space debris (碎片), set up external equipment, and checked the condition of devices outside the station. These efforts help ensure the space station’s safety and prepare it for future scientific work. This spacewalk was the 20th ever conducted by Chinese astronauts. For Senior Colonel Cai, it was his fifth time working in space outside a spacecraft—a record for Chinese astronauts. Previously, he completed two spacewalks during the Shenzhou XIV mission in 2022. During the current Shenzhou XIX mission, Cai and Song made history in December 2024 by spending over nine hours outside Tiangong, breaking the world record set by American astronauts in 2001. The Shenzhou XIX team, launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, became the eighth group to live and work on China’s space station. Since arriving, they have carried out numerous scientific experiments and technical tasks. Their work has provided valuable data for space research and shown China’s growing abilities in space technology. The crew is scheduled to return to Earth in late April or early May 2025, ending their six-month mission. Their achievements remind us of the courage and skill required for space exploration while inspiring young people to learn about science and technology. 1．What was one of the main purposes of the astronauts’ tasks during the spacewalk? A．To test new spacesuits for longer missions. B．To communicate with astronauts from other countries. C．To take photographs of Earth’s surface. D．To prepare the station for future scientific activities. 2．What does the underlined word “current” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Past. B．Future. C．Present. D．Important. 3．What can we infer from Shenzhou XIX being the 8th team on the space station? A．China has already mastered all space station technology. B．China’s space station program is continuously developing. C．The space station has achieved most of its scientific goals. D．All teams have made equal contributions to the space station. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The challenges of living in a space station. B．A historic space mission and its achievements. C．How to become an astronaut in China. D．The dangers of space life. （2025·山东济南·一模）阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On February 28, 2025, China and Pakistan made a historic decision. They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station. 1 Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long. rigorous (严格的) training program in China next year. 2 After the training, one Pakistani astronaut will be selected to join Chinese astronauts on a mission to the space station, which orbits (绕轨道飞行) about 400 kilometers above the earth. Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) has already chosen five candidates, including military personnel and civilians. SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program. 3 Chinese astronaut Ye Guangfu, who has been to space, is looking forward to working with the Pakistani team and sharing his knowledge. China has always followed the principles of “peaceful use, equality, and mutual benefit” in space exploration (探索). By sharing the space station, 4 A Chinese official said this cooperation (合作) will bring new opportunities for scientific research and technological advancement worldwide. 5 Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration. By working together, we can learn more about space and make the world a better place. We hope that such teamwork will lead to a brighter future in space exploration. A．This agreement is truly meaningful. B．They will face many physical and mental tests. C．He also praised China’s expertise (专业知识) in space technology. D．When people hear about it, they were completely shocked. E．This means a new period of space cooperation between the two countries. F．China is encouraging more countries to explore space together. G．Other countries will make more effort to build bigger space stations in the near future. （2025·四川成都·二模）根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。 On February 12,2025, China’s government told the world the official names of the spacesuit and lunar rover for China’s manned lunar exploration mission (探月任务). 1 The name “Wangyu” means watching the universe and exploring the unknown. It shows the Chinese astronauts’ mission to look into space and start new journeys on the moon. This name is connected to the “Feitian’ spacesuit used for space station missions. 2 The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity.” The lunar rover is named “Tansuo,” which means “exploration.” 3 The rover can be folded and is made of different parts. It can carry two astronauts and move quickly over rough ground. It can also help with navigation, safety, communication, and carrying things. It will help astronauts do scientific research and tests on the moon. 4 They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit. From “Chang’e” and “Yutu” to “Tianwen” and “Zhurong,” and now “Wangyu” and “Tansuo,” the names of China’s spacecraft always connect traditional culture with modern technology. Right now, the spacesuit and the lunar rover are in the early stages of development. 5 The mission will test key technologies like staying on the moon for a short time and working together with robots. The astronauts will do many tasks like landing, researching, and bringing things back to Earth. A．The names are “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”. B．China plans to send people to the moon before 2030. C．It shows the job to help Chinese solve the mysteries of the moon. D．They show China’s spirit of exploration and the ability of creating. E．The names were chosen from more than 9,000 entries in a public competition. F．It shows China’s plan to move from working in space to landing on the moon. 二、任务型阅读 （24-25九年级下·辽宁鞍山·阶段练习）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Have you ever imagined the life in space? The following will show you the astronauts’ daily life. Eating in space If you go camping for more than a week with some friends, you will make sure you have plenty of foods and keep them properly. At the end of your camping trip, you would deal with your rubbish properly before returning home. Astronauts almost do the same thing when they go to space. Some foods can be eaten in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require adding water, such as cheese. Of course, an over is provided at the space station to heat the food. But there are no fridges, so space food must be kept properly. Sleeping in space After a long day at work, nothing is better than a good night’s sleep! Just like on the earth, astronauts in space get up and go to bed at a certain time. When going to sleep, they have to attach themselves, so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies against something. They usually use sleeping bags. Doing sports in space Exercise is an important part of every astronaut’s daily life to prevent muscle loss. Usually, astronauts exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 pounds on the earth may be a lot of work. But lifting the same object in space would be much easier. That means the things for exercise need to be specially designed, so astronauts can receive the exercise needed. Living in space is not just all work and no play. Astronauts like to look out of the window and play with their food for fun. 1．How many aspects does the author introduce the astronauts’ daily life? 2．What do the astronauts use to heat food at the space station? 3．Why do the astronauts exercise in their daily life? 4．Would you like to go on a space trip if you have a chance? Why or why not? (Write 30 words or more) （2025·山西阳泉·一模）请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题。 China’s space exploration has come a long way. It began in 1956 when the space industry started. Since then, many great things have happened. In 1970, China sent its first man-made earth satellite into space. It was a big moment as China became the fifth country to do this on its own. In 1992, China started its manned spaceflight program. After lots of hard work, in 2003, Shenzhou-5, a spaceship with a person inside, flew into space. China then became the third country to have a manned spaceflight, after the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and the US. Astronaut Yang Liwei was in space for 21 hours, going around the earth 14 times. His safe return made him a hero. In 2007, Chang’ e-l was sent. It was the first Chinese satellite to orbit the moon. This was the start of China’s moon exploration. In 2013, Shenzhou-10 was sent up. It helped get ready for the Chinese Space Station. The Chinese Space Station is really cool. It orbits between 400 km and 450 km above the earth, at an angle of 42-43 degrees. It can last for 10 years and can hold three people for long-term stays. In 2021, astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo of Shenzhou 12 went into the core module of Tianhe. It was the first time Chinese astronauts entered their own space station. China has big plans for the future. It will send people to the moon by 2030. This shows China’s love for space exploration. But it may face many possible challenges, such as astronauts’ health risk, the huge cost… 1．When did China send its first man-made earth satellite into space? 2．Which country was the first to carry out manned spaceflight? 3．How long did Yang Liwei spend in space during Shenzhou-5’s flight? 4．What is the orbital height range (范围) of the Chinese Space Station? 5．Can you tell other possible challenges China may face in its future space exploration? What do you think of China’s space exploration? 三、短文填空 （2025·青海海东·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 After China announced the names of its three astronauts, the Shenzhou 16, one of them, a man wearing glasses, drew people’s attention at once. His name is Gui Haichao 1 was born in 1986. He works as a college professor. Gui 2 (show) a strong interest in science from an early age. One of his favorite 3 (book) was The Encyclopedia (百科全书) for Children and Teenagers. It was very 4 (help) to his future choice and he learned a lot about space from it. In 2003, Yang Liwei became 5 first Chinese man to travel into space. Gui was excited when he was 6 (watch) the news. And he dreamed of going into space one day. Luckily, 7 (he) efforts paid off. Two years later, he entered Beihang University to study space science. His wish to discover the unknown pushed him to 8 (keep) moving forward. In 2017, he became one of the youngest space science professors in China. Gui, never forgot his dream of going into space. He knew this was the best way to study its mysteries. When China started the astronaut recruitment of payload specialists (载荷专家招募) in 2018, college researchers were 9 (encourage) to sign up. Gui did so right away. The training was hard. But there was nothing that could keep him from living out his lifelong dream. 10 (final), Gui achieved his dream of flying in space with curiosity (好奇心). He said that everyone should study hard and keep moving forward. （2025·江苏南通·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who 1 (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is 2 (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place 3 (go),” Ye said. Dreams of 4 (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who 5 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come 6 (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at 7 (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon— 8 (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the 9 (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for 10 (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. （2025·宁夏·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 A group of Chinese astronauts visited Hong Kong and Macao in China. They met with young people there and encouraged them to have a dream of 1 (explore) space. During the visit, the group of Chinese astronauts went to many middle schools 2 two universities in Hong Kong. They also gave a talk in Macao and met 3 (thousand) of students in both places. “The Chinese space station is 4 a home for the motherland in space,” Chen Dong said. He is one of the Shenzhou­14 astronauts. He hopes 5 he will see people from Hong Kong and Macao in the Chinese space station in the future. During a special show, Shum, a Hong Kong middle school student, felt really 6 (excite) to meet the astronauts. She thinks that the astronauts 7 (be) true heroes. “I take 8 (proud) in our country and this makes 9 (I) even more interested in space,” Shum said. “The visit is special and important for students,”the chief executive of the Macao SAR (澳门特别行政区行政长官) said. He thinks that China has taken the education of science and technology 10 (serious). The visit to Hong Kong and Macao was really successful. （24-25九年级下·湖南长沙·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China announced the names of its manned (载人的) moon lander and new crew spaceship on February 24, 2024. According 1 the China Manned Space Agency, the moon lander is named Lanyue. It first 2 (appear) in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965. The word “Lanyue” points out the Chinese people’s 3 (confident) in their exploration of the universe and journey to the moon. The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou, which shows its responsibility of 4 (achieve) the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start a new journey of space adventure. The names were 5 (choose) by a group of experts from nearly 2,000 names provided by the public. There will be two models of the Mengzhou. One will be used to transport astronauts to the moon 6 the other will replace the present spaceship Shenzhou to carry astronauts between Earth and the Tiangong space station. The Mengzhou spaceship will be nearly 9 7 (meter) long and weigh 22 tons. The Lanyue moon lander will have two 8 (base) parts—a landing part and a propulsion (推进) part, and will weigh nearly 26 tons. It will 9 (carry) two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover (月球车). Now, the research and development of the Lanyue and the Mengzhou are progressing 10 (good) with the help of experts. 四、选词填空 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次。每空填一个单词。) it   go   one   be   great   successful   help   learn   deep   science Qian Xuesen was one of the 1 scientists. He is known as “the Father of China’s Space Program.” He is also known as “the King of the Rocket.” Thanks to his 2 , China’s space technology has progressed in a rapid way. Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. At the age of 24, he 3 to America to study. After graduation, he worked in America for a few years. In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been founded and needed the 4 help, and he decided to give up his good working conditions in America. Although the American government tried to stop him from leaving, he came back to China 5 in 1955. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization. Then 6 became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel. At that time, the conditions in China 7 too hard. But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties bravely. On April 24, 1970, China’s 8 man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong I” was successfully sent into the air. A student of Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, once said, “I 9 professional knowledge and working spirit from Mr. Qian. I sensed his 10 love for our country, too. When New China needed scientists badly，he returned to help in the rocket industry.” （2025·山东淄博·一模）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 deeply         discover        another        wishes        our           which touching       become         with           first         when          nation’s Have you ever heard of Chinese-style romance (浪漫)? It has 1 a hot word these days. It’s not about flowers and poetry, but about turning ancient dreams into modern technological wonders. Let’s take a look at it. China’s 2 man-made satellite (卫星) moving around the moon is named “Chang’ e”. It carries Chinese people’s 3 tor the moon for thousands of years. The successful launch (发射) of the satellite has turned a 4 thousand-year dream into reality. Our deep-sea ship is named “Jiaolong”. It means that the Chinese dragon will go into the deep sea to do research on the underwater world. These names connect the ancient fairy tales 5 modern science and technology. They show a kind of romance of “space and ocean” that we achieve together with 6 ancestors. Such romantic and 7 names can only come from China — a country with 5000-year history and culture. From manned spaceflight (载人航天) to deep sea research, the special Chinese Romance is passed down by Chinese people from one generation (一代人) to 8 . he romance of flying to the moon and going into the ocean lies 9 into the hearts of the Chinese people. It also shows the strong sense of national pride and love for the country and its people. As China continues to advance in science and technology, it will further embrace (拥抱) this special romance in the future. We believe that China’s romance, 10 is connected to China’s 5,000-year culture rich culture, will keep inspiring future generations to create new wonders. （2025·山东济宁·一模）阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。 among, quickly, months, waiting, finally, upset, wishes, prepared for, threw away In November, 2022, 56-year-old Deng Qingming went into space with two other astronauts Fei Junlong and Zhang Lu. After about 25 years of waiting, Deng 113 realized his dream of going into space. The three astronauts stayed in space for six 114 and returned to the earth in May, 2023. “25 years is a long journey. Many times, I missed the chance to enter space. Even though I felt 115 , I never gave up,” Deng said. For a long time, Deng was known to the public as a backup (后备的) astronaut. Since becoming one of China’s first group of astronauts in 1998, he had spent almost all of his time training and 116 . The other astronauts include Yang Liwei, China’s first space traveler, Nie Haisheng, a three-time space traveler, and Zhai Zhigang, the first Chinese space walker. Deng was the only active (现役的) astronaut 117 them who had not performed a space mission (任务). Deng said that he did feel sad sometimes. But after each defeat (挫败), he quickly adjusted (调整) himself and 118 the next mission with high spirits, because he believed that the success of the space mission came before his personal 119 . Deng’s story moved many people and he was named a “hidden hero”. Best wishes to Deng and our space heroes! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题09 神舟系列飞船与中国航空航天 热点话题综合练 一、阅读理解 （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）On April 24, China achieved a great success! It launched the Shenzhou-20 crewed spaceship. Three astronauts were sent to the orbiting space station for a six-month mission. The spaceship, on top of a Long March-2F carrier rocket, took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. Just about 10 minutes after the launch, it separated from the rocket and got into its planned orbit. The China Manned Space Agency said the astronauts were fine and the launch was a big success. Next, the Shenzhou-20 will quickly and automatically meet and connect with the Tiangong space station. The Shenzhou-20 crew will then take over from the Shenzhou-19 crew in space. The crew, including commander Chen Dong and astronauts Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, has many tasks. They will do space science experiments, application tests, and go outside the spaceship. They’ll also handle cargo. There are some cool life science experiments. They’ll study zebra fish, planarians (涡虫) , and streptomyces (链霉菌) . The Shenzhou-20 is the first to study planarian regeneration in space. This can help us understand how to deal with space-related health problems in humans. Besides these, they’ll do 59 other space science experiments and technology tests. China’s space station has hosted over 200 scientific projects. China is also training its fourth group of astronauts. Astronauts from Hong Kong and Macao may fly to space as early as 2026. Pakistan will have two astronauts trained by China, and one may fly on a future Chinese space station mission. Shenzhou-20 is an important step in China’s space journey! 根据以上材料，根据其内容回答下列问题。 1．When was Shenzhou-20 launched? A．April 24 B．April 27 C．June 24 D．June 27 2．Where did the spaceship take off? A．From the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. B．From the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. C．From the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. D．From the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. 3．How long will the Shenzhou-20 crew stay in space? A．Three months B．Four months C．Six months D．Twelve months 4．What is special about the life science experiments on Shenzhou-20? A．Studying zebra fish for the first time in space. B．Conducting 59 space technology tests. C．Testing streptomyces for medical use. D．The first study of planarian regeneration in space. 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The Shenzhou-20 crew includes astronauts from Hong Kong. B．Pakistan will send astronauts to train in China. C．China’s space station has hosted 59 scientific projects. D．The Shenzhou-20 will manually connect with Tiangong. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国神舟二十号载人飞船的成功发射、任务内容及其在中国航天发展中的重要意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“On April 24, China achieved a great success! It launched the Shenzhou-20 crewed spaceship.”可知，发射日期为4月24日。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China.”可知，发射地点是酒泉卫星发射中心。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Three astronauts were sent to the orbiting space station for a six-month mission.”可知，任务周期为六个月。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Shenzhou-20 is the first to study planarian regeneration in space.”可知，神舟二十号首次研究涡虫的再生能力。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Pakistan will have two astronauts trained by China, and one may fly on a future Chinese space station mission.”可知，巴基斯坦航天员将接受中国培训。故选B。 （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·期中）. ①Do you know that China has carried out another exciting space mission (任务)? It’s called Shenzhou-19, and it’s another amazing journey to our space station. ②Three astronauts, Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, are part of this mission. Cai is the commander (指令长), and he once flew to space in 2022 with the Shenzhou-14 mission. Both Song and Wang were born in the 1990s. They are new to space travel, but they are very experienced. Song used to be an air force pilot, and Wang is China’s only woman space flight engineer. She is also the third Chinese woman to go on a space mission after Liu Yang and Wang Yaping. ③The Shenzhou-19 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the early morning on October 30, 2024. They went up into space and met the Shenzhou-18 astronauts at the space station. They will stay there for  months and do many important jobs. ④During their time in space, the astronauts will do scientific experiments, go on spacewalks, and even help with building and fixing things outside the space station. They will also teach us about space through educational activities. After their work is done, they are expected to come back to the earth in late April or early May this year. ⑤Let’s keep our eyes on the stars and dream about the exciting things we can learn from this mission. Maybe one day we’ll be part of China’s space adventures too! 1．Which of the following statements about the astronauts of Shenzhou-19 is True? A．Song Lingdong was an army officer before. B．All three astronauts have been to space before. C．Cai Xuzhe carried out the Shenzhou-14 mission. D．Wang Haoze is the first Chinese woman space flight astronaut. 2．What will the astronauts do during the mission? a. do some experiments           b. go on spacewalks c. take a vacation in space             d. teach students about space A．abc B．bcd C．acd D．abd 3．What is the article mainly about? A．The history of space exploration. B．Another space mission of China. C．Astronauts’ personal stories. D．China’s space plan. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1; ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国又一项载人航天任务——神舟十九号的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Cai is the commander, and he once flew to space in 2022 with the Shenzhou-14 mission.”可知，蔡旭哲曾执行过神舟十四号任务。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“During their time in space, the astronauts will do scientific experiments, go on spacewalks, and even help with building and fixing things outside the space station. They will also teach us about space through educational activities.”可知，在太空期间，宇航员将进行科学实验，进行太空行走，甚至帮助在空间站外建造和修理东西。他们还将通过教育活动教我们关于太空的知识，故abd表述正确。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一句“Do you know that China has carried out another exciting space mission”可知，本文主要介绍了中国又一项载人航天任务——神舟十九号的相关信息，选项B“中国的又一次太空任务”符合。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文并根据文章段落内容可知，第一段引出了中国又一项载人航天任务——神舟十九号；第二段介绍了该载人航天任务中宇航员的信息；第三段介绍了发射和对接情况；第四段介绍了任务的具体内容；第五段对此进行总结并展望，则全文是“总分总”结构，选项A“①/②③④/⑤”符合。故选A。 （24-25九年级下·四川成都·期中）On October 30,2024, Wang Haoze made history as China’s first female rocket engineer to fly into space. Her job career started from Southeast University where she studied Energy and Power Engineering. When she was at school, she performed successfully in study and also did excellent job in sports. After graduating in 2015, Wang joined the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute (北京航天动力研究所), where she researched rocket engines. She described the challenging work as “like progressing through game levels,” finding joy in solving difficult problems. In 2018, she applied for China’s third astronaut selection. This was a great turning in her life. During the selection process, she faced difficulties in the centrifuge (离心机). This machine makes people feel like they’re under gravity (重力) which is six times stronger than normal. “I felt terribly sick but refused to give up,” she recalled. Her efforts paid off when she was selected in 2020 as the only woman at that time. Wang says she succeeded because she practiced constantly—she repeated training exercises almost 1,000 times. “I knew I could make it.” Her achievement inspires lots of Chinese women in aerospace. Her story—from building rockets to riding in one herself—shows how hard work can turn impossible dreams come true. 1．What did Wang Haoze mainly study at Southeast University? A．Sports B．Computer Science C．Energy and Power Engineering 2．What did Wang think of her work at the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute? A．Boring but necessary. B．Too difficult to continue. C．Challenging but interesting. 3．What can we learn about Wang Haoze’s astronaut selection process? A．She passed easily because of her engineering background. B．She didn’t want to give up even when she was terribly sick. C．She almost failed because of her poor performance in sports. 4．Why does the writer mention Wang’s training repetition (1,000 times)? A．To show the importance of repeating. B．To show her determination and hard work. C．To suggest that astronaut training is unnecessarily long. 5．Which is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the process of becoming an astronaut in China. B．To explain the difficulty of becoming a female astronaut in China. C．To inspire readers by showing how determination can achieve impossible goals. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了王浩泽作为中国首位女性火箭工程师进入太空的励志故事。通过她的个人经历，文章展现了努力与坚持如何将不可能变为可能的核心主题。 1．细节理解题。根据“Her job career started from Southeast University where she studied Energy and Power Engineering.”可知，她的职业生涯始于东南大学能源与动力工程专业。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“She described the challenging work as ‘like progressing through game levels,’ finding joy in solving difficult problems.”可知，她将工作比作“闯关游戏”，虽具挑战性但乐在其中。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“I felt terribly sick but refused to give up”可知，她感到非常难受，但她拒绝放弃，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Wang says she -succeeded because she practiced constantly—she repeated training exercises almost 1,000 times.”可知，最后一段强调她通过反复训练展现的决心和努力，最终实现目标。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了王浩泽作为中国首位女性火箭工程师进入太空的励志故事。通过她的个人经历，文章展现了努力与坚持如何将不可能变为可能的核心主题。故选C。 （2025·福建南平·二模）China’s newest carrier rocket, the Long March 12, made its first flight on Nov. 30th, 2024 in Hainan. It is special in many ways. The Long March 12 is the first Chinese rocket with a diameter of 3.8 meters. Most Chinese rockets are 3.35 meters wide, a limit set in the 1960s for transporting things by rail. A wider body allows the rocket to hold 30% more propellant (推进剂) and carry heavier things. The launch also used a new technology called tethered release technology (牵制释放技术). Before, rockets would launch as soon as they had enough thrust (推力). Now, with the new technology, rockets don’t just take off straight away. They stay still for a short time. During this time, workers quickly check for problems. If everything looks good, the rocket is then launched. This makes sure that both the rocket and things on the ground are safe. More importantly, the Long March 12 is the first rocket launched at the Hainan International Commercial Aerospace Launch Center. The site has two launch towers. The No. 2 tower can launch over 10 kinds of rockets, different from government-run sites’ towers that can only launch one kind. This is possible because the tower uses an interface (接口) for different rocket sizes. The Long March 12 will help China build broadband satellite networks to provide internet to areas away from big cities across the country. 1．When did the Long March 12 finish its first flight? A．Mar. 12th. B．Mar. 30th. C．Nov. 12th. D．Nov. 30th. 2．How is the Long March 12 different from most other Chinese rockets? A．Wider. B．Longer. C．Heavier. D．Lighter. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2? A．The Long March 12 doesn’t take off straight away. B．The workers can’t quickly check for problems now. C．The workers don’t like the new tethered release technology. D．The Long March 12 launched as soon as it had enough thrust. 4．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How to choose the launch site. B．China’s commercial launch site. C．Different launch towers at the launch site. D．The new technology used at the launch site. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Aerospace Launch Center: New Tech, Hainan B．Long March 12 First Flight: New Tech, Hainan C．Aerospace Launch Center: Advanced Network, Hainan D．Long March 12 First Flight: Advanced Systems, Hainan 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最新的运载火箭长征12号的特点和作用。文章从火箭的直径、发射技术、发射地点以及火箭的作用四个方面进行了详细介绍。 1．细节理解题。根据“China’s newest carrier rocket, the Long March 12, made its first flight on Nov. 30th, 2024 in Hainan.”可知，长征12号的首次飞行时间是在2024年11月30日。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Long March is the first Chinese rocket with a diameter of 3.8 metres. Most Chinese rockets are 3.35 metres wide”可知，长征12号火箭的直径为3.8米，而大多数中国火箭的宽度为3.35米，因此长征12号火箭比其他中国火箭更宽。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The launch also used a new technology called tethered release technology (牵制释放技术). Before, rockets would launch as soon as they had enough thrust (推力). Now, with the new technology, rockets don’t just take off straight away. They stay still for a short time.”可知，新的牵制释放技术，使得火箭不会立即发射，而是停留片刻以便进行检查。故选A。 4．段落大意题。第三段重点描述海南发射中心的发射塔（如No.2塔可发射多种火箭），突出其与政府发射塔的差异。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要讲长征12号的首飞及其技术创新，包括直径、牵制释放技术、海南发射中心等。选项B“长征12号首次飞行：新技术，海南”作为标题最为合适。故选B。 （2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）On October 30, 2024, China successfully launched (发射) the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft to the Tiangong Space Station. Three taikonauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze—will stay in space for six months to complete their mission.   Cai Xuzhe is the commander (指挥官). He had been to space in 2022. Wang Haoze, the only female astronaut, will be responsible for some scientific experiments. Song Lingdong, the youngest engineer of them, will test new space technologies.   Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because of micro-gravity (微重力), they often float in the station. They exercise two hours daily to stay healthy. They will also grow vegetables and study how light affects plant growth in space.   During their mission, they will went outside the capsule three times to carry out a number of experiments and collect space environment data (数据). They will even give a live science class to students on the Earth, showing how water forms floating balls in micro-gravity.   They will fly back in April or May 2020. Before returning to the Earth, they will clean the station and prepare it for the next crew. Their work will help China’s plan to build a moon base in the future.   阅读以上材料，选择正确答案。 1．How long will the Shenzhou-19 mission last? A．3 months. B．6 months. C．1 year. D．2 weeks. 2．What will Wang Haoze mainly do in space? A．Test new technologies. B．Cooke food for the crew. C．Does scientific experiments. D．Repairs the satellite. 3．Why do the taikonauts exercise every day? A．To stay healthy. B．To grow plants. C．To take photos. D．To study light. 4．The underline word “live” (Paragraph 4) means ________. A．居住 B．活着的 C．实况地 D．现场直播的 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how to become an astronaut. B．To describe the Shenzhou-19 mission. C．To discuss the history of space stations. D．To teach students about plant growth. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号任务的细节，包括航天员职责、太空生活及科学实验，最后提及任务对中国未来月球基地计划的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第1段“Three taikonauts (中国航天员)—Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze—will stay in space for six months to complete their mission.”可知，神舟十九号任务将持续6个月，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第2段“Wang Haoze, the only female astronaut, will be responsible for some scientific experiments.”可知，王浩泽主要负责一些科学实验，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第3段“Life in space is challenging but exciting. Because of micro-gravity (微重力), they often float in the station. They exercise two hours daily to stay healthy.”可知，航天员每天锻炼是为了保持健康，故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据第4段“They will even give a live science class to students on the Earth, showing how water forms floating balls in micro - gravity.”可推测，他们将给地球上的学生进行科学课直播，展示水在微重力下如何形成浮球，live此处意为“现场直播的”，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了神舟十九号飞船的发射、航天员任务、太空生活等内容，主要目的是描述神舟十九号任务，故选B。 （23-24八年级下·福建厦门·期中）Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen … Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil (邪恶的). The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di (天帝). Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together. Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously. 1．What is the Wukong satellite used for? A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. B．Finding the difference between good and evil. C．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station. D．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space. 2．What does the underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记 3．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________. A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West 4．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously? A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth. C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space. 5．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国太空项目的命名来源及其背后的文化意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.”可知，悟空卫星的用途是帮助科学家在太空中寻找暗物质。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di”可知，天帝是中国神话传说中的人物，所以划线部分的含义是“神话”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China.”可知，中国火星任务的名字来源于屈原的诗《天问》。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.”可知，我们重视中国太空项目的命名是因为我们有一个太空梦。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出主题；文章第二段到第四段分别讲述了悟空卫星的命名和用途，天宫空间站的命名和意义，天问火星任务的命名来源；最后总结了中国太空项目命名的严肃性。故选C。 （2025·山东泰安·一模）On March 21, 2025, the Shenzhou XIX crew successfully finished their third spacewalk outside China’s Tiangong space station. The China Manned Space Agency announced that Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe and Lieutenant Colonel Song Lingdong worked outside station for nearly seven hours, while Lieutenant Colonel Wang Haoze stayed inside to assist them. This mission (使命) marks another important step in China’s space exploration. The astronauts used a robotic arm and received support from ground control to complete several tasks. They installed protective shields (防护罩) against space debris (碎片), set up external equipment, and checked the condition of devices outside the station. These efforts help ensure the space station’s safety and prepare it for future scientific work. This spacewalk was the 20th ever conducted by Chinese astronauts. For Senior Colonel Cai, it was his fifth time working in space outside a spacecraft—a record for Chinese astronauts. Previously, he completed two spacewalks during the Shenzhou XIV mission in 2022. During the current Shenzhou XIX mission, Cai and Song made history in December 2024 by spending over nine hours outside Tiangong, breaking the world record set by American astronauts in 2001. The Shenzhou XIX team, launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, became the eighth group to live and work on China’s space station. Since arriving, they have carried out numerous scientific experiments and technical tasks. Their work has provided valuable data for space research and shown China’s growing abilities in space technology. The crew is scheduled to return to Earth in late April or early May 2025, ending their six-month mission. Their achievements remind us of the courage and skill required for space exploration while inspiring young people to learn about science and technology. 1．What was one of the main purposes of the astronauts’ tasks during the spacewalk? A．To test new spacesuits for longer missions. B．To communicate with astronauts from other countries. C．To take photographs of Earth’s surface. D．To prepare the station for future scientific activities. 2．What does the underlined word “current” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Past. B．Future. C．Present. D．Important. 3．What can we infer from Shenzhou XIX being the 8th team on the space station? A．China has already mastered all space station technology. B．China’s space station program is continuously developing. C．The space station has achieved most of its scientific goals. D．All teams have made equal contributions to the space station. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The challenges of living in a space station. B．A historic space mission and its achievements. C．How to become an astronaut in China. D．The dangers of space life. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了2025年3月21日神舟十九号机组人员成功完成第三次太空行走，介绍了此次太空行走的任务、创下的记录，以及神舟十九号团队自2024年10月30日发射以来的工作情况和即将返回地球等信息，强调了这次历史性太空任务及其取得的成就。 1．细节理解题。根据“The astronauts used a robotic arm and received support from ground control to complete several tasks. They installed protective shields (防护罩) against space debris (碎片), set up external equipment, and checked the condition of devices outside the station. These efforts help ensure the space station’s safety and prepare it for future scientific work.”可知，宇航员太空行走任务的主要目的之一是为空间站未来的科学活动做准备。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Previously, he completed two spacewalks during the Shenzhou XIV mission in 2022. During the current Shenzhou XIX mission, Cai and Song made history in December 2024 by, spending over nine hours outside Tiangong…”可知，前面提到了过去的神舟十四号任务，此处将时间线对比，阐述神舟十九号任务中的成就，由此可推断current表示“现在的，当前的”，与Present意思相符。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“The Shenzhou XIX team, launched on October 30, 2024, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, became the eighth group to live and work on China’s space station.”可知，神舟十九号团队是第八批在空间站生活和工作的团队，这表明中国空间站项目不断有新团队入驻并开展工作，说明中国的空间站项目在持续发展。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“On March 21, 2025, the Shenzhou XIX crew successfully finished their third spacewalk outside China’s Tiangong space station.”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕神舟十九号乘组成功完成太空行走这一历史性太空任务展开，介绍了任务过程、取得的记录、团队工作情况及即将返回地球等内容，重点强调了此次太空任务及其成就。故选B。 （2025·山东济南·一模）阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On February 28, 2025, China and Pakistan made a historic decision. They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station. 1 Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long. rigorous (严格的) training program in China next year. 2 After the training, one Pakistani astronaut will be selected to join Chinese astronauts on a mission to the space station, which orbits (绕轨道飞行) about 400 kilometers above the earth. Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) has already chosen five candidates, including military personnel and civilians. SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program. 3 Chinese astronaut Ye Guangfu, who has been to space, is looking forward to working with the Pakistani team and sharing his knowledge. China has always followed the principles of “peaceful use, equality, and mutual benefit” in space exploration (探索). By sharing the space station, 4 A Chinese official said this cooperation (合作) will bring new opportunities for scientific research and technological advancement worldwide. 5 Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration. By working together, we can learn more about space and make the world a better place. We hope that such teamwork will lead to a brighter future in space exploration. A．This agreement is truly meaningful. B．They will face many physical and mental tests. C．He also praised China’s expertise (专业知识) in space technology. D．When people hear about it, they were completely shocked. E．This means a new period of space cooperation between the two countries. F．China is encouraging more countries to explore space together. G．Other countries will make more effort to build bigger space stations in the near future. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国和巴基斯坦在太空探索方面的合作，特别是关于巴基斯坦宇航员将前往中国天宫空间站的历史性决定。 1．根据后文“They signed an agreement to send the first Pakistani astronaut to China’s Tiangong space station.”可知，此处提到了中巴签署协议送巴基斯坦宇航员去中国天宫空间站，这是一个重要的合作事件。选项E“这意味着两国太空合作的新时期”符合语境，承接上文，说明这一协议的重要性。故选E。 2．根据前文“Under the agreement, Pakistani astronauts will take a year-long, rigorous training program in China next year.”可知，此处提到巴基斯坦宇航员将在中国接受为期一年的严格训练计划，那么接下来应该具体说明训练的内容。选项B“他们将面临许多身心测试”符合语境，进一步解释了训练计划的严格性。故选B。 3．根据前文“SUPARCO Chairman, Muhammad Yousuf Khan, said this is a great step for Pakistan’s space program.”可知，此处是巴基斯坦空间与上层大气研究委员会主席对这次合作的评价，认为这对巴基斯坦的太空计划是一大步。选项C“他还赞扬了中国在空间技术方面的专业知识”符合语境，继续表达了主席对中国空间技术的认可和赞扬。故选C。 4．根据前文“By sharing the space station”可知，此处提到中国通过分享空间站来进行太空合作，那么接下来应该说明这种合作的目的或意义。选项F“中国鼓励更多国家共同探索太空”符合语境，说明了中国分享空间站的目的。故选F。 5．根据后文“Firstly, it strengthens the friendship between China and Pakistan. Secondly, it sets a good example for other developing countries in space exploration.”可知，此处列举了这次合作的意义和好处，说明这次合作是非常重要的。选项A“这个协议真的很有意义”符合语境，概括了下文的内容。故选A。 （2025·四川成都·二模）根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。 On February 12,2025, China’s government told the world the official names of the spacesuit and lunar rover for China’s manned lunar exploration mission (探月任务). 1 The name “Wangyu” means watching the universe and exploring the unknown. It shows the Chinese astronauts’ mission to look into space and start new journeys on the moon. This name is connected to the “Feitian’ spacesuit used for space station missions. 2 The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity.” The lunar rover is named “Tansuo,” which means “exploration.” 3 The rover can be folded and is made of different parts. It can carry two astronauts and move quickly over rough ground. It can also help with navigation, safety, communication, and carrying things. It will help astronauts do scientific research and tests on the moon. 4 They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit. From “Chang’e” and “Yutu” to “Tianwen” and “Zhurong,” and now “Wangyu” and “Tansuo,” the names of China’s spacecraft always connect traditional culture with modern technology. Right now, the spacesuit and the lunar rover are in the early stages of development. 5 The mission will test key technologies like staying on the moon for a short time and working together with robots. The astronauts will do many tasks like landing, researching, and bringing things back to Earth. A．The names are “Wangyu” and “Tansuo”. B．China plans to send people to the moon before 2030. C．It shows the job to help Chinese solve the mysteries of the moon. D．They show China’s spirit of exploration and the ability of creating. E．The names were chosen from more than 9,000 entries in a public competition. F．It shows China’s plan to move from working in space to landing on the moon. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．C 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国新型宇航服和月球车的名称和含义。 1．根据“China’s government told the world the official names...”可知，空处应是介绍名字。A项“名字是‘望宇’和‘探索’。”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据“The name also shows China’s peaceful use of space and its efforts to build a community with a shared future for humanity”可知，空处应是名字的寓意。F项“它展示了中国从太空工作到登月的计划。”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据“The lunar rover is named...”可知，空处应是“探索”号月球车的任务。C项“它展示了帮助中国人解开月球之谜的工作。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据“They are full of Chinese culture and modern spirit...always connect traditional culture with modern technology.”及可知，空处应是介绍两个名字的来源。E项“这些名字是从公开比赛的9000多个参赛作品中选出的。”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据“The mission will test key technologies like staying on the moon for a short time and working together with robots...”可知，空处应是介绍中国的计划。B项“中国计划在2030年前将人类送上月球。”符合语境，故选B。 二、任务型阅读 （24-25九年级下·辽宁鞍山·阶段练习）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Have you ever imagined the life in space? The following will show you the astronauts’ daily life. Eating in space If you go camping for more than a week with some friends, you will make sure you have plenty of foods and keep them properly. At the end of your camping trip, you would deal with your rubbish properly before returning home. Astronauts almost do the same thing when they go to space. Some foods can be eaten in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require adding water, such as cheese. Of course, an over is provided at the space station to heat the food. But there are no fridges, so space food must be kept properly. Sleeping in space After a long day at work, nothing is better than a good night’s sleep! Just like on the earth, astronauts in space get up and go to bed at a certain time. When going to sleep, they have to attach themselves, so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies against something. They usually use sleeping bags. Doing sports in space Exercise is an important part of every astronaut’s daily life to prevent muscle loss. Usually, astronauts exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 pounds on the earth may be a lot of work. But lifting the same object in space would be much easier. That means the things for exercise need to be specially designed, so astronauts can receive the exercise needed. Living in space is not just all work and no play. Astronauts like to look out of the window and play with their food for fun. 1．How many aspects does the author introduce the astronauts’ daily life? 2．What do the astronauts use to heat food at the space station? 3．Why do the astronauts exercise in their daily life? 4．Would you like to go on a space trip if you have a chance? Why or why not? (Write 30 words or more) 【答案】1．Three. 2．An oven. 3．To prevent muscle loss. 4．Yes. If I have a chance, I would like to go on a space trip. Because I am interested in space very much and I think it is very interesting. At the same time, I want to experience the daily life like the astronauts’. 【导语】本文介绍了宇航员在太空的生活。 1．根据“Eating in space”“Sleeping in space”“Doing sports in space”可知，作者介绍了宇航员太空生活的三个方面。故填Three. 2．根据“Of course, an over is provided at the space station to heat the food.”可知，宇航员用烤炉在太空加热食物。故填An oven. 3．根据“Exercise is an important part of every astronaut’s daily life to prevent muscle loss.”可知，宇航员日常运动是为了防止肌肉损失。故填To prevent muscle loss. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes. If I have a chance, I would like to go on a space trip. Because I am interested in space very much and I think it is very interesting. At the same time, I want to experience the daily life like the astronauts’. （2025·山西阳泉·一模）请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题。 China’s space exploration has come a long way. It began in 1956 when the space industry started. Since then, many great things have happened. In 1970, China sent its first man-made earth satellite into space. It was a big moment as China became the fifth country to do this on its own. In 1992, China started its manned spaceflight program. After lots of hard work, in 2003, Shenzhou-5, a spaceship with a person inside, flew into space. China then became the third country to have a manned spaceflight, after the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and the US. Astronaut Yang Liwei was in space for 21 hours, going around the earth 14 times. His safe return made him a hero. In 2007, Chang’ e-l was sent. It was the first Chinese satellite to orbit the moon. This was the start of China’s moon exploration. In 2013, Shenzhou-10 was sent up. It helped get ready for the Chinese Space Station. The Chinese Space Station is really cool. It orbits between 400 km and 450 km above the earth, at an angle of 42-43 degrees. It can last for 10 years and can hold three people for long-term stays. In 2021, astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo of Shenzhou 12 went into the core module of Tianhe. It was the first time Chinese astronauts entered their own space station. China has big plans for the future. It will send people to the moon by 2030. This shows China’s love for space exploration. But it may face many possible challenges, such as astronauts’ health risk, the huge cost… 1．When did China send its first man-made earth satellite into space? 2．Which country was the first to carry out manned spaceflight? 3．How long did Yang Liwei spend in space during Shenzhou-5’s flight? 4．What is the orbital height range (范围) of the Chinese Space Station? 5．Can you tell other possible challenges China may face in its future space exploration? What do you think of China’s space exploration? 【答案】1．In 1970. 2．The former Soviet Union. 3．He spent (was in space) for 21 hours./For 21 hours. 4．It orbits between 400 km and 450 km above the earth./400 km-450 km above the earth. 5．Astronauts’ health, the huge cost…; China has made great progress since 1956, but it has come a long way on space exploration. I’m proud of our country.（开放性题目，答案合理即可） 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国航天事业的发展。 1．根据“In 1970, China sent its first man-made earth satellite into space.”可知，1970年，中国向太空发射了第一颗人造地球卫星。故填In 1970. 2．根据“China then became the third country to have a manned spaceflight, after the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and the US.”可知，前苏联最早进行载人航天飞行。故填The former Soviet Union. 3．根据“Astronaut Yang Liwei was in space for 21 hours,”可知，宇航员杨利伟在太空中待了21个小时。故填He spent (was in space) for 21 hours./For 21 hours. 4．根据“The Chinese Space Station is really cool. It orbits between 400 km and 450 km above the earth, at an angle of 42-43 degrees.”可知，中国空间站的轨道在地球上空400公里到450公里之间。故填It orbits between 400 km and 450 km above the earth./400 km-450 km above the earth. 5．根据“But it may face many possible challenges, such as astronauts’ health risk, the huge cost…”可知，中国在未来的太空探索中可能面临的挑战有宇航员的健康，巨大的成本等等；第二问是开放性题目，答案合理即可。故填Astronauts’ health, the huge cost…; China has made great progress since 1956, but it has come a long way on space exploration. I’m proud of our country. 三、短文填空 （2025·青海海东·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 After China announced the names of its three astronauts, the Shenzhou 16, one of them, a man wearing glasses, drew people’s attention at once. His name is Gui Haichao 1 was born in 1986. He works as a college professor. Gui 2 (show) a strong interest in science from an early age. One of his favorite 3 (book) was The Encyclopedia (百科全书) for Children and Teenagers. It was very 4 (help) to his future choice and he learned a lot about space from it. In 2003, Yang Liwei became 5 first Chinese man to travel into space. Gui was excited when he was 6 (watch) the news. And he dreamed of going into space one day. Luckily, 7 (he) efforts paid off. Two years later, he entered Beihang University to study space science. His wish to discover the unknown pushed him to 8 (keep) moving forward. In 2017, he became one of the youngest space science professors in China. Gui, never forgot his dream of going into space. He knew this was the best way to study its mysteries. When China started the astronaut recruitment of payload specialists (载荷专家招募) in 2018, college researchers were 9 (encourage) to sign up. Gui did so right away. The training was hard. But there was nothing that could keep him from living out his lifelong dream. 10 (final), Gui achieved his dream of flying in space with curiosity (好奇心). He said that everyone should study hard and keep moving forward. 【答案】 1．who/that 2．showed 3．books 4．helpful 5．the 6．watching 7．his 8．keep 9．encouraged 10．Finally 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国航天员桂海潮从小对科学产生兴趣，通过努力实现太空梦想的故事。 1．句意：他的名字叫桂海潮，出生于1986年。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为指人的“Gui Haichao”，关系词代替先行词，在从句中作主语，who/that符合。故填who/that。 2．句意：桂海潮从小就表现出对科学的浓厚兴趣。根据“from an early age”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，应填showed。故填showed。 3．句意：他最喜欢的书之一是《青少年百科全书》。根据空前的“One of”可知，此处应用复数形式books。故填books。 4．句意：这本书对他未来的选择非常有帮助，他从中学到了很多关于太空的知识。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词，作表语，根据“he learned a lot about space from it”可知，这本书很有帮助，helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。 5．句意：2003年，杨利伟成为第一个进入太空的中国人。根据空后的序数词“first”可知，此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 6．句意：桂海潮在看新闻时非常激动。根据“Gui was excited when he was…the news.”的语境可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，应填watching。故填watching。 7．句意：幸运的是，他的努力得到了回报。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his“他的”，修饰名词“efforts”。故填his。 8．句意：探索未知的愿望推动他不断前进。push sb. to do sth.“催促某人做某事”，是固定搭配。故填keep。 9．句意：当中国于2018年开始招募载荷专家时，鼓励大学研究人员报名。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语“college researchers”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，应填encouraged。故填encouraged。 10．句意：最终，桂海潮怀着好奇心实现了太空飞行的梦想。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式，作状语，finally“最终”符合，句首首字母大写。故填Finally。 （2025·江苏南通·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who 1 (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is 2 (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place 3 (go),” Ye said. Dreams of 4 (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who 5 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come 6 (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at 7 (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon— 8 (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the 9 (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for 10 (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. 【答案】 1．has worked 2．exciting 3．to go 4．flying 5．took 6．true 7．least 8．especially 9．beginning 10．today’s 【导语】本文主要讲述了叶叔华教授等科学家与中国探月工程相关的内容。 1．句意：叶树华教授是在上海天文台工作了近半个世纪的重要科学家之一。根据“for nearly half a century”可知，句子时态要用现在完成时，主语是Professor Ye Shuhua，要用“has+过去分词”结构，work的过去分词为worked。故填has worked。 2．句意：对她来说，中国的月球计划对中国的航天工业来说是一个振奋人心的消息。根据“China’s lunar (月球的) project is ... news”可知，此处修饰名词news，要用形容词，修饰物要用excite的形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。 3．句意：叶说：“对我们天文学家来说，月球是一个理想的去处。”a place to do sth.“一个做某事的地方”，固定搭配，要用go的不定式to go。故填to go。 4．句意：飞向月球的梦想深深植根于中国文化。of是介词，后接动名词形式，fly的动名词形式为flying。故填flying。 5．句意：根据一个古老的故事，嫦娥是一位仙女，她喝了一种特殊的饮料，这种饮料赋予了她飞向月球的能力。根据“Chang’e was a fairy ...”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，take的过去式是took。故填took。 6．句意：对于美国宇航员来说，这个梦想已经实现了。come true“实现”，固定搭配，要用truely的形容词形式true。故填true。 7．句意：但中国至少需要十年时间才能将宇航员送到那里。at least“至少”，固定搭配，要用little的最高级形式least。故填least。 8．句意：该项目提高了公众对太空计划的理解和对月球的认识，尤其是在年轻人中。根据“among the young people”可知，此处修饰介词短语，要用especial的副词形式especially“尤其”。故填especially。 9．句意：但对于叶淑华这样的科学家来说，登月计划只是开始。the后接名词，begin的名词形式是beginning。故填beginning。 10．句意：登上月球将是当今年轻人的一个项目，而不是我的。根据“Landing on the moon will be a project for ... young people”可知，此处表示“当今的年轻人”，要用today的名词所有格today’s。故填today’s。 （2025·宁夏·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 A group of Chinese astronauts visited Hong Kong and Macao in China. They met with young people there and encouraged them to have a dream of 1 (explore) space. During the visit, the group of Chinese astronauts went to many middle schools 2 two universities in Hong Kong. They also gave a talk in Macao and met 3 (thousand) of students in both places. “The Chinese space station is 4 a home for the motherland in space,” Chen Dong said. He is one of the Shenzhou­14 astronauts. He hopes 5 he will see people from Hong Kong and Macao in the Chinese space station in the future. During a special show, Shum, a Hong Kong middle school student, felt really 6 (excite) to meet the astronauts. She thinks that the astronauts 7 (be) true heroes. “I take 8 (proud) in our country and this makes 9 (I) even more interested in space,” Shum said. “The visit is special and important for students,”the chief executive of the Macao SAR (澳门特别行政区行政长官) said. He thinks that China has taken the education of science and technology 10 (serious). The visit to Hong Kong and Macao was really successful. 【答案】 1．exploring 2．and 3．thousands 4．like 5．that 6．excited 7．are 8．pride 9．me 10．seriously 【导语】本文讲述了中国载人航天工程代表团走进香港和澳门，与学生进行深入交流的事。 1．句意：他们在那里会见了年轻人，鼓励他们拥有太空探索的梦想。“of”是介词，后面接动词时要用动名词形式，explore的动名词是exploring。故填exploring。 2．句意：在访问期间，中国航天员小组去了香港的多所中学和两所大学。“many middle schools”和“two universities”是并列关系，本句为肯定句，故应用and连接。故填and。 3．句意：他们还在澳门做了一次演讲，并在两地会见了数千名学生。thousands of意为“数以千计的”，是固定短语。故填thousands。 4．句意：陈东说：“中国空间站就像祖国在太空中的家。”根据语境可知，中国太空站就像太空中的家，“像”be like。故填like。 5．句意：他希望将来能在中国的空间站见到来自香港和澳门的人。“hope”后面接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，用that引导。故填that。 6．句意：在一次特别的展示活动中，香港中学生Shum见到宇航员时感到非常兴奋。“feel”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，excite的形容词有exciting和excited，excited用来形容人“感到兴奋的。故填excited。 7．句意：她认为这些宇航员是真正的英雄。这里陈述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，“the astronauts”是复数，be动词用are。故填are。 8．句意：我为我们的国家感到骄傲，这让我对太空更感兴趣了。take pride in是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。故填pride。 9．句意：我为我们的国家感到骄傲，这让我对太空更感兴趣了。“make”是动词，后面接人称代词宾格，I的宾格是me。故填me。 10．句意：他认为中国非常重视科学技术的教育。take...seriously是固定短语，意为“认真对待……”，这里要用serious的副词形式seriously来修饰动词“taken”。故填seriously。 （24-25九年级下·湖南长沙·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China announced the names of its manned (载人的) moon lander and new crew spaceship on February 24, 2024. According 1 the China Manned Space Agency, the moon lander is named Lanyue. It first 2 (appear) in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965. The word “Lanyue” points out the Chinese people’s 3 (confident) in their exploration of the universe and journey to the moon. The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou, which shows its responsibility of 4 (achieve) the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start a new journey of space adventure. The names were 5 (choose) by a group of experts from nearly 2,000 names provided by the public. There will be two models of the Mengzhou. One will be used to transport astronauts to the moon 6 the other will replace the present spaceship Shenzhou to carry astronauts between Earth and the Tiangong space station. The Mengzhou spaceship will be nearly 9 7 (meter) long and weigh 22 tons. The Lanyue moon lander will have two 8 (base) parts—a landing part and a propulsion (推进) part, and will weigh nearly 26 tons. It will 9 (carry) two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover (月球车). Now, the research and development of the Lanyue and the Mengzhou are progressing 10 (good) with the help of experts. 【答案】 1．to 2．appeared 3．confidence 4．achieving 5．chosen 6．and 7．meters 8．basic 9．carry 10．well 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了中国载人月球探测任务的载人飞船“梦舟”和月面着陆器“揽月”的寓意，详细介绍了两个设备的具体信息。 1．句意：据中国载人航天工程办公室所说，月面着陆器叫“揽月”。according to意为“据……所说”，为固定短语，故填to。 2．句意：它首次出现在毛泽东于1965年所写的一首诗中。根据“It first ... in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965.”可知，此处指它首次出现在毛泽东于1965年所写的一首诗中。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填appeared。 3．句意：“揽月”一词指出了中国人探索宇宙、奔向月球的信心。空前有名词所有格，此处应用名词，故填confidence。 4．句意：“梦舟”这个名字展现了它实现中华民族登月梦以开启太空探险新征程的责任担当。空前是介词of，空处应用动名词形式，故填achieving。 5．句意：这两个名字是专家们从差不多2000个名字中挑选出来的。choose与主语The names之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且空前已有were，故填chosen。 6．句意：一个用来把宇航员运输到月亮，而另一个将代替当前神州太空飞船去载宇航员往返于地球和天宫太空空间站。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词，空前两个分句之间为并列关系，故填and。 7．句意：“梦舟”飞船将近九米长并且重22吨。meter“米”为可数名词，且空前有9修饰，其复数形式meters，故填meters。 8．句意：“揽月”将拥有两个基础部分——一个着陆部分和一个推进部分，将重将近26吨。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰空后的名词parts，故填basic。 9．句意：“揽月”将搭载两名航天员和一个200千克重的月球车。空前有will，动词用原形，故填carry。 10．句意：目前，在专家的帮助下，“揽月”和“梦舟”的研发工作进展顺利。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，good的副词形式是well，故填well。 四、选词填空 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次。每空填一个单词。) it   go   one   be   great   successful   help   learn   deep   science Qian Xuesen was one of the 1 scientists. He is known as “the Father of China’s Space Program.” He is also known as “the King of the Rocket.” Thanks to his 2 , China’s space technology has progressed in a rapid way. Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. At the age of 24, he 3 to America to study. After graduation, he worked in America for a few years. In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been founded and needed the 4 help, and he decided to give up his good working conditions in America. Although the American government tried to stop him from leaving, he came back to China 5 in 1955. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization. Then 6 became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel. At that time, the conditions in China 7 too hard. But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties bravely. On April 24, 1970, China’s 8 man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong I” was successfully sent into the air. A student of Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, once said, “I 9 professional knowledge and working spirit from Mr. Qian. I sensed his 10 love for our country, too. When New China needed scientists badly，he returned to help in the rocket industry.” 【答案】 1．greatest 2．help 3．went 4．scientists’ 5．successfully 6．it 7．were 8．first 9．learned/learnt 10．deep 【导语】本文主要介绍钱学森的生平事迹以及他对中国航天事业的卓越贡献。 1．句意：钱学森是最伟大的科学家之一。根据“Qian Xuesen was one of the…scientists.”可知，这里是one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，结合所给单词，great的最高级greatest符合语境。故填greatest。 2．句意：多亏了他的帮助，中国的太空技术迅速发展。根据“Thanks to his…”可知，此处需用名词，help作名词时表示“帮助”，符合语境。故填help。 3．句意：24岁时，他去美国学习。根据“At the age of 24, he…to America to study.”可知，此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，go“去”的过去式went符合语境。故填went。 4．句意：20世纪50年代初，他听说新中国成立了，需要科学家的帮助，于是他决定放弃在美国的良好工作条件。根据“he heard that New China had been founded and needed the…help”可知，此处表示“科学家的”，用名词所有格，scientist的复数scientists，其所有格是scientists’符合语境。故填scientists’。 5．句意：尽管美国政府试图阻止他离开，但他还是在1955年成功地回到了中国。根据“he came back to China…in 1955”可知，此处说的是成功地回到了中国，需用副词修饰动词came back，successful的副词形式successfully符合语境。故填successfully。 6．句意：然后它成为了中国火箭和航空旅行的领导组织。根据“In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization. Then…became the leading organization…”可知，此处指代前面提到的a special organization，用it符合语境。故填it。 7．句意：当时，中国的条件太艰苦了。根据“At that time, the conditions in China…too hard.”可知，描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，conditions是复数，be动词用were符合语境。故填were。 8．句意：1970年4月24日，中国的第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”成功发射升空。根据“China’s…man-made satellite, ‘Dongfanghong I’ was successfully sent into the air.”可知，此处表示“第一”，用one的序数词first符合语境。故填first。 9．句意：我从钱先生那里学到了专业知识和工作精神。根据“I…professional knowledge and working spirit from Mr. Qian.”可知，此处表示“学习”，用learn，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，learn的过去式是learned或learnt符合语境。故填learned/learnt。 10．句意：我也感受到了他对我们国家深深的爱。根据“I sensed his…love for our country, too.”可知，此处说的是深深的爱，用形容词修饰名词love，deep表示“深深的”，符合语境。故填deep。 （2025·山东淄博·一模）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 deeply         discover        another        wishes        our           which touching       become         with           first         when          nation’s Have you ever heard of Chinese-style romance (浪漫)? It has 1 a hot word these days. It’s not about flowers and poetry, but about turning ancient dreams into modern technological wonders. Let’s take a look at it. China’s 2 man-made satellite (卫星) moving around the moon is named “Chang’ e”. It carries Chinese people’s 3 tor the moon for thousands of years. The successful launch (发射) of the satellite has turned a 4 thousand-year dream into reality. Our deep-sea ship is named “Jiaolong”. It means that the Chinese dragon will go into the deep sea to do research on the underwater world. These names connect the ancient fairy tales 5 modern science and technology. They show a kind of romance of “space and ocean” that we achieve together with 6 ancestors. Such romantic and 7 names can only come from China — a country with 5000-year history and culture. From manned spaceflight (载人航天) to deep sea research, the special Chinese Romance is passed down by Chinese people from one generation (一代人) to 8 . he romance of flying to the moon and going into the ocean lies 9 into the hearts of the Chinese people. It also shows the strong sense of national pride and love for the country and its people. As China continues to advance in science and technology, it will further embrace (拥抱) this special romance in the future. We believe that China’s romance, 10 is connected to China’s 5,000-year culture rich culture, will keep inspiring future generations to create new wonders. 【答案】 1．become 2．first 3．wishes 4．nation’s 5．with 6．our 7．touching 8．another 9．deeply 10．which 【导语】本文介绍了中国式浪漫，它并非传统的鲜花诗歌，而是将古代梦想转化为现代科技奇迹。以 “嫦娥” 卫星、“蛟龙” 号深海船为例，展现古代神话与现代科技相连，这种浪漫在中国人心中根深蒂固，体现民族自豪感，还将激励后代创造奇迹。 1．句意：近年来，它已成为一个热门词汇。根据“a hot word these days.”及备选词可知，空格处需表示“变成”，英文是become；has后需跟动词过去分词形式构成现在完成时。故填become。 2．句意：中国第一颗绕月运行的人造卫星名为“嫦娥”。根据“man-made satellite (卫星) moving around the moon is named ‘Chang’e’”.及备选词可知，空格处表示中国的第一颗人造卫星，需用序数词表示。故填first。 3．句意：它承载着中国人对月亮数千年的愿望。根据“It carries Chinese people’s”及备选词可知，这里表示承载人们的愿望。carry one’s wishes表示“承载着某人的愿望”。故填wishes。 4．句意：卫星的成功发射使这个国家千年的梦想变为现实。根据“thousand-year dream into reality.”及备选词可知，这里表示国家的千年梦想。故填nation’s。 5．句意：这些名字将古代神话与现代科技联系起来。根据“These names connect the ancient fairy tales”及备选词可知，connect...with...是固定搭配，意为“把……和……联系起来”，故填with。 6．句意：它们展示了一种我们与祖先共同实现的“太空与海洋”浪漫。根据“ancestors.”及备选词可知，空格处需用形容词性物主代词修饰。our是形容词性物主代词，意为“我们的”，our ancestors表示“我们的祖先”，符合语境。故填our。 7．句意：如此浪漫且动人的名字只可能来自中国——一个拥有5000年历史文化的国家。根据“names can only come from China — a country with 5000-year history and culture.”及备选词可知，空格处需用形容词修饰names。touching是形容词，意为“动人的；感人的”，符合题意。故填touching。 8．句意：从载人航天到深海研究，这种特殊的中国式浪漫由中国人代代相传。根据“the special Chinese Romance is passed down by Chinese people from one generation (一代人) to”及备选词可知，from one generation to another是固定表达，意为“一代又一代”。故填another。 9．句意：登月和入海的浪漫深深扎根于中国人心中。根据“into the hearts of the Chinese people.”及备选词可知，空格处需用副词修饰lies。deeply是副词，意为“深深地”，表示程度，故填deeply。 10．句意：我们相信，与中国丰富的 5000 年文化相连的中国式浪漫，将继续激励后代创造新的奇迹。根据“is connected to China’s 5,000-year culture rich culture, will keep inspiring future generations to create new wonders.”及备选词可知，空格处需引导非限制性定语从句：which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是China's romance，在从句中作主语。故填which。 （2025·山东济宁·一模）阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。 among, quickly, months, waiting, finally, upset, wishes, prepared for, threw away In November, 2022, 56-year-old Deng Qingming went into space with two other astronauts Fei Junlong and Zhang Lu. After about 25 years of waiting, Deng 113 realized his dream of going into space. The three astronauts stayed in space for six 114 and returned to the earth in May, 2023. “25 years is a long journey. Many times, I missed the chance to enter space. Even though I felt 115 , I never gave up,” Deng said. For a long time, Deng was known to the public as a backup (后备的) astronaut. Since becoming one of China’s first group of astronauts in 1998, he had spent almost all of his time training and 116 . The other astronauts include Yang Liwei, China’s first space traveler, Nie Haisheng, a three-time space traveler, and Zhai Zhigang, the first Chinese space walker. Deng was the only active (现役的) astronaut 117 them who had not performed a space mission (任务). Deng said that he did feel sad sometimes. But after each defeat (挫败), he quickly adjusted (调整) himself and 118 the next mission with high spirits, because he believed that the success of the space mission came before his personal 119 . Deng’s story moved many people and he was named a “hidden hero”. Best wishes to Deng and our space heroes! 【答案】1．finally 2．months 3．upset 4．waiting 5．among 6．prepared for 7．wishes 【导语】本文介绍了56岁的邓清明在2022年11月与另外两名宇航员进入太空，他经过25年等待实现梦想。作为后备宇航员，虽多次错过机会，但始终坚持，积极为任务做准备，他的故事令人感动 。 1．句意：经过大约25年的等待，邓最终实现了他进入太空的梦想。根据“In November, 2022, 56-year-old Deng Qingming went into space...After about 25 years of waiting”可知，说明经过漫长等待后梦想达成。此处使用“finally”表示“最终、终于”，强调经过一段时间或一系列事件后最终发生的情况，符合邓清明经过25年等待才实现梦想的语境。故填finally。 2．句意：三名宇航员在太空待了六个月，于2023年5月返回地球。根据“The three astronauts stayed in space for six...and returned to the earth in May, 2023.”可知，这里需要一个表示时间长度的词。“months”是“month”的复数形式，“six months”表示“六个月”，符合宇航员在太空停留的时间描述。故填months。 3．句意：很多次，我错过了进入太空的机会。尽管我感到难过，但我从未放弃。根据“Many times, I missed the chance to enter space. Even though I felt...I never gave up”可知，句中表述邓清明错过多次进入太空机会后的“难过的”心情。此处使用“upset”意为“难过的、沮丧的”，符合语境。故填upset。 4．句意：自1998年成为中国首批宇航员之一以来，他几乎把所有时间都花在了训练和等待上。根据“Since becoming one of China’s first group of astronauts in 1998, he had spent almost all of his time training and...”可知，句中表述邓清明花时间训练并“等待着”太空任务。 句中使用“waiting”表示“等待着”，符合语境。故填waiting。 5．句意：邓是他们当中唯一没有执行过太空任务的现役宇航员。根据“Deng was the only active astronaut...them who had not performed a space mission.”可知，句中表述在这些宇航员之中，邓是唯一没有执行过任务的。此处使用“among”表示“在……之中”符合语境，用于三者或三者以上的情况。故填among。 6．句意：但每次挫败后，他都很快调整自己，以高昂的精神为下一次任务做准备。根据“But after each defeat, he quickly adjusted himself and...the next mission with high spirits”可知，这里指邓清明调整好自己后为下一次任务积极“准备”。此处使用“prepared for”表示“为……做准备”，符合语境。故填prepared for。 7．句意：因为他相信太空任务的成功高于他个人的愿望。根据“because he believed that the success of the space mission came before his personal...”可知，句中表述个人进入太空的“愿望”与太空任务的成功相比，邓清明认为任务成功更重要。此处使用“wishes”意为“愿望”，符合语境。“personal wishes”表示“个人愿望”。故填wishes。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$