精品解析：2025届河北定州中学高三下学期二模英语试题

2025届高三下学期第二次模拟考试 英语试题 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman advise the man to refresh himself? A. By having a cup of coffee. B. By drinking a cup of tea. C. By taking a short break. 2. What will the woman do next? A. Watch a film. B. Drink a glass of water. C. Chat with the man. 3. What did the woman do yesterday? A. She called a wrong number. B. She made a mistake at work. C. She quarreled with her colleague. 4. When did the man arrive at the train station? A. At 8:30. B. At 8:35. C. At 8:50. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The man’s dream job. B. The man’s work experience. C. The woman’s career path. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the man feel about movie reviews? A. Crazy. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. 7. According to the woman, what makes a person become an expert? A. The ability to speak out their opinion. B. Years of experience in their field. C. Logic and influence on others. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where is the book set? A. In a zoo. B. In a house. C. On an island. 9. What are Gerald Durrell’s family like? A. Serious. B. Funny. C. Indifferent. 10. What will the man probably do next? A. Give the woman the book. B. Read the book to the woman. C. Tell the woman more about the book. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Relatives. C. Co-workers. 12. What does the woman think is wrong with the water? A. It is cold. B. It is dirty. C. It is hot. 13. Which problem was the woman treated for? A. A cold. B. A headache. C. A stomach trouble. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why did the man begin his project? A. To assist people affected by a natural disaster. B To develop his profitable international business. C. To offer medical care access in an area with no hospitals. 15. Where is the woman probably from? A. The US. B. Nepal. C. The UK. 16. What is the most significant problem for the man? A. Hiring enough surgeons. B. Training local medical professionals. C. Gathering proper medical equipment. 17. How many people will work in the hospital? A. 30. B. 100. C. 130. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What service does the woman try to sell? A. Computer lessons. B. An airfare to Hawaii. C. A membership of a sports club. 15. Why does the man turn down the woman? A. He has no extra money. B. He dislikes telemarketing. C. He doesn’t need the service. 16. How will the woman deal with the man’s number? A. Remove it from the list. B. Keep it on the computer. C. Give it to another person. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What did the speaker decide to do after graduation? A. Move to China. B. Further her study in China. C. Do research on Chinese culture. 18. Who encouraged the speaker to talk much with the locals? A Her friends. B. Her family. C. Her colleagues. 19. How did the speaker learn Chinese well? A. By taking a course. B. By watching movies. C. By speaking with the natives. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Her impression of China. B. Her experience of learning Chinese. C. The influence of Chinese culture on her. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A From fashionable current affairs reports to the distant past, these podcasts (播客) take the mystery out of history. The Rest Is History Two men quietly fill your brain with knowledge in an entertaining way. Tackling everything from the history of the World Cup to significant historical events, the two combine total command of their subjects with much enjoyable silliness and some terrible impressions. Slow Burn Slow Burn takes deep dives into modern American history. Created by Slate, episodes (集) are hosted by various presenters, and are typically attractive from beginning to end. Often, these are moments in history you’ve already known about, but might never learned about in this much detail before. These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip. In Our Time Running weekly from 1998, the popular show hosted by Melvyn Bragg is more than just a history program. With over 1,000 episodes available to download, it covers many straightforward history topics. However, In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity. A History of the World in 100 Objects The excellent bite-size journey through the history of the world initially aired in 2010 and probably wasn’t called a podcast, but it lives on in that form. Narrated by an art historian, it does exactly what the title suggests, serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created, from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art. 1. How does Slow Burn differ from other podcasts? A. It covers unknown American history. B. It is available for download. C. It offers details of historic events. D. It is created by different presenters. 2. Which best suits those who want to know about the development of humanity best? A The Rest Is History. B. Slow Burn. C. In Our Time. D. A History of the World in 100 Objects. 3. What do we know about A History of the World in 100 Objects? A. It tells history with objects. B. It is an informal podcast. C. It focuses on the modern art. D. It is stated by a famous artist. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍The Rest Is History等四款播客，涵盖历史各领域，以多样形式带听众探索历史奥秘 。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Slow Burn部分“Often, these are moments in history you’ve already known about, but might never learned about in this much detail before. These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip.(通常，这些是你已经知道的历史时刻，但可能以前从未如此详细地了解过。这些非常深入的讲解会让你沉迷于整个学习之旅。)”可知，“Slow Burn”播客的不同之处在于它提供历史事件的细节。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据In Our Time部分“However, In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity.(然而，《In Our Time》主要探索塑造了人类的重大思想和哲学概念。)”可知，In Our Time最适合那些想了解人类发展的人。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据A History of the World in 100 Objects部分“Narrated by an art historian, it does exactly what the title suggests, serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created, from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art.(由一位艺术史学家讲述，它正如其标题所示，通过我们创造的人工制品，从原始工具到世界著名的艺术品，作为一部大致按时间顺序编排的人类文明指南。)”可知，“A History of the World in 100 Objects”是通过物品讲述历史。故选A。 B Before Pete Adler joined the Army, he majored in architecture. Now, after spending 25years in equipment maintenance and supply, and another 17 years as a civilian employee, Adler is back to his architectural roots. And it’s for a good cause: building free ramps (坡道) for his senior and disabled neighbors. Adler began helping his neighbors after the nonprofit project: HOMES gave a presentation at his local Rotary Club. Adler recalls the representative saying — “Too many seniors and disabled individuals need ramps, but they can’t afford them.” That’s when Adler reached out to his friends so that they could start building ramps for neighbors in need. “I feel this is my calling, and I’d like to start a crew,” he told his friend Karen Scott, who was eager to jump in and help. Adler’s group of volunteers has only grown with time. Now when he pulls up to a house for an installation, he has about a dozen people by his side to transport lumber (木材), work the saws, and assemble the deck. “It’s turned into an amazing service,” said Adler. “I really enjoy the process and the teamwork, and figuring out the best solution for people in need.” When a recipient (接收者) can afford it, they are only charged with the cost of the materials. If they can’t cover the cost, project: HOMES steps in to pay the full price. Adler and his team of volunteers have transformed lives by building over 500 accessibility ramps for households in need. Adler has gone from building one ramp per weekend to completing three, sometimes four ramps each week across the Tri-Cities area. 71-year-old Jaunita Barnes is one of the 500 neighbors that Adler has helped through project: HOMES. After a stroke and heart attack, Barnes found it difficult to navigate the stairs with her walker. She was confined to her home for months — getting groceries delivered and calling doctors to her door — until Adler and his team stepped in to help. “Now I can go where I need to go,” said Barnes. “Adler and the others are truly nice.” 4. Why did Adler return to architecture-related work? A. To take on a social responsibility. B. To continue his abandoned business. C. To earn fame from architecture. D. To make up for his neighbors. 5. What motivated Adler to initiate the ramp-building project? A. The Rotary Club’s nonprofit project. B. A personal interest in ramp design. C. A request from his disabled neighbors. D. The struggles the disadvantaged faced. 6. What does the growth of Adler’s volunteer group suggest about the project? A. It has gained recognition and support. B. It proves Adler’s profit has increased. C. It provides opportunity for volunteers. D. It requires professional construction skills. 7. How does Barnes probably feel about the ramps? A. Useful and cheap. B. Helpful and worthy. C. Unique and valuable. D. Costly and complicated. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Adler为老人和残疾人建免费坡道的善举。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“And it’s for a good cause: building free ramps (坡道) for his senior and disabled neighbors. (而这一次，他是出于一个高尚的目的：为年迈和残疾的邻居们免费修建坡道)”可知，他做这件事是为了承担社会责任，帮助这些有需要的人。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Adler recalls the representative saying — “Too many seniors and disabled individuals need ramps, but they can’t afford them.” That's when Adler reached out to his friends so that they could start building ramps for neighbors in need. (Adler回忆说，当时那位代表说：“太多老年人和残疾人需要坡道，但他们负担不起。”就是在那一刻，Adler联系了他的朋友们，希望一起为有需要的邻居修建坡道)”可知，是弱势群体面临的困难，即需要坡道却负担不起，促使Adler发起了建坡道的项目。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Adler’s group of volunteers has only grown with time. Now when he pulls up to a house for an installation, he has about a dozen people by his side to transport lumber (木材), work the saws, and assemble the deck. (Adler的志愿者团队随着时间不断壮大。现在当他开车来到一户人家安装坡道时，身边通常已有大约十几个人，他们负责搬运木材、操作电锯、组装平台等)”可知，Adler的志愿者团队随着时间不断壮大，说明这个项目得到了越来越多人的认可和支持，大家愿意加入进来帮忙。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“After a stroke and heart attack, Barnes found it difficult to navigate the stairs with her walker. She was confined to her home for months — getting groceries delivered and calling doctors to her door — until Adler and his team stepped in to help. (中风和心脏病发作后，她使用助行器上下楼梯变得非常困难。几个月来她被困在家中——靠送杂货上门和医生上门看病维持生活，直到Adler和他的团队前来帮助她)”以及最后一段““Now I can go where I need to go,” said Barnes. “Adler and the others are truly nice.” (“现在我可以去我想去的地方了，”Barnes说，“Adler和他的团队真的是太好了。”)”可知，Barnes之前行动不便，生活受很大限制，有了坡道后她能去自己想去的地方，她觉得Adler和其他人很好，说明她认为这些坡道很有帮助且有价值。故选B。 C The ability to detect a nearby presence without seeing or touching it may sound fantastical — but it’s a real ability that some creatures have. A family of African fish known as Mormyrids are weakly electric, and have special organs that can locate a nearby target, even when it’s hiding in the mud. Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. “We developed a new strategy for 3D motion positioning by electronic skin, bio-inspired by ‘electric fish’”, says Dr. Xinge Yu, an associate professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the City University of Hong Kong. The team described their e-skin sensor in a paper published on November 14 in Nature. The artificial sensor is multi-layered. One layer acts as a transmitter (发射器), which will generate an electric field once activated, and another layer acts as a receiver to detect both the direction and the distance to an object. A separate controller creates the driving signal to activate the transmitter. When an object comes within range, the electric field around the sensor is disrupted (扰乱), which in turn can be detected by the receiver. This data is then processed by a micro controller unit, which computes the position of the target object and sends that information to a smartphone or other devices. A special biogel (生物凝胶) is used in the sensor, which has the ability to transmit and receive electric signals from a pattern of micro channels on the surface. The end result is a sensor that is thin, soft and flexible, making it cosy to adapt to irregular surfaces, such as the human body. In contrast to the traditional sensor system that needs a large number of sensors to achieve spatial positioning, the new system can locate an object precisely in 3D space using just a few sensors. This significantly reduces the power consumption of data collection, transmission, and processing. The researchers hope that this sensor could one day open up a new range of wearable technologies, including sensors for human-machine interaction and thin, flexible e-skin. 8. What does paragraph 1 aim to show? A. the special ability of African fish. B. the inspiration for a new invention. C. the big challenge of locating objects. D. the reason for developing a sensor. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the sensor? A. Its development process. B. Its operating mechanism. C. Its main layers. D. Its environment impact. 10. What is an advantage of the new sensor system? A. Its sensitivity to different stimulations. B. Its adaptation to environmental changes. C. Its efficiency in achieving 3D positioning. D. Its speed in data collection and processing. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Machine Detective “Wears” Flexible E-skin B. Bio-inspired Sensor “Feels” Without Touching C. E-Skin Sensor: The Future of Machine Learning D. Electric Fields: The Frontier of Object Detection 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种受非洲弱电鱼启发而研发的新型电子皮肤传感器，详细描述了该传感器的工作原理、结构特点及其潜在应用价值。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. (科学家们现在研发了一种基于这些鱼类能力的人工传感器系统。)”可知，第一段通过介绍非洲鱼的独特能力，引出了新型传感器的研发灵感，该段的目的是展示新发明的灵感来源。故选B项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。第三段详细描述了传感器的工作机制，包括发射器、接收器和控制器的功能，以及如何通过电场干扰检测目标物体的位置，这些是传感器的工作原理。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“In contrast to the traditional sensor system that needs a large number of sensors to achieve spatial positioning, the new system can locate an object precisely in 3D space using just a few sensors. (与需要大量传感器实现空间定位的传统传感器系统相比，新系统仅需少量传感器即可在三维空间中精确定位物体。)”可知，新系统的优势在于高效实现三维定位。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段总起全文，根据第一段最后一句“Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. (科学家们现在研发了一种基于这些鱼类能力的人工传感器系统。)”可知，接下来的文章要围绕受非洲鱼启发研发的新型电子人工传感器展开。第二段通过专家引述和权威期刊背书，证实研究成果的科学性和创新性。第三段具体说明传感器的结构原理和工作流程。第四段突出材料创新性和系统优势。第五段展望技术应用前景。文章标题应突出其生物启发，并以其非接触感知的突出特点为话题，概括全文，故B项“Bio-inspired Sensor “Feels” Without Touching(仿生传感器无需触摸就能“感觉”)”是最佳标题。故选B项。 D Self-confidence is trusting in our abilities or qualities. It’s usually seen as a good thing. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, N.C. , has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood what they read, heard, or did. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 12. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B. To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To show the result of wrong operation. D. To give an example of overconfidence. 13. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It urged students to gain recognition. B. It encouraged students to take exams. C. It helped students to adjust learning methods. D. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. 14. What do the underlined words “got a subject down pat” mean in paragraph 5? A. Fully mastered a subject. B. Put great effort into a subject C. Really enjoyed a subject. D. Benefited a lot from a subject. 15. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家的研究，通过具体研究案例，来说明智力谦逊如何帮助人们更好地学习和调整学习策略。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第二至第四句“He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. (他发现过度自信非常普遍，尤其是在人们认为某件事情正确时，这种过度自信可能会导致灾难性的决策。1986年，NASA认为每次太空飞行发生损失的风险大约是1/100,000。这种过度自信的信念可能引发了“挑战者号”的爆炸)”可知，作者先介绍了科学家发现过度自信可能导致严重后果，之后提及1986年这起灾难。由此推知，提及“挑战者号”爆炸是说明过度自信会导致灾难的一个例子。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. (她发现，智力谦逊的学生更有可能去检验自己是否真正理解了学习材料，并寻找自己理解上的漏洞。当他们看到考试成绩时，他们会调整学习策略，以提高学习表现，并掌握好材料为下一次考试做准备)”可知，智力谦逊这种特质会使学生及时反思自己的学习，相应调整学习方法。故选C项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段第二句“Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. (这些学生以为自己对某个科目got down pat，但在考试中被要求解释时，他们发现自己的理解并没有自己想象的那么多)”可知，学生们在考试之前应是对自己比较自信，认为自己对该相关知识十分了解，或已经全会了，但到考场答题时，才发现自己会的不如原本所认为的那么多。由此可知，got a subject down pat应是“对某科目了解很多”或“对某科目完全掌握”之意。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. (好消息是，过度自信有一种“疫苗”，科学家称之为“智力谦逊”——即认识到你的信念可能是错误的)”及全文最后一句“If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” (如果你觉得很难质疑一种信念，可以尝试迈出“一小步”)”可知，最后一句中所说的“question a belief”即前文所说的“recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong”，也就是第二段最后一句引号中所言的“智力谦逊”。全文最后一句又说，“可以尝试迈出‘一小步’”。由此推知，所谓的“一小步”究竟该怎么做，会在下文进行介绍，即如何练习做到“智力谦虚”。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Procrastination is delaying tasks, even when we know we shouldn’t. We say, “I’ll do it later,” but later turns into much later — or never. It’s not laziness; it’s avoiding stress or discomfort. But those tasks don’t go away — they stay and add to our worries. While procrastination is a persistent problem, actionable strategies can help you break the cycle over time. Limit distractions (分心的事) Do you have any distractions which hold you back from doing your tasks? Find them and try to avoid or reduce them. For example, if you are distracted by your mobile often, turn off the notifications. ___16___. You can also use music to focus on your tasks. Music has the power to keep you out of those distracting noises. Apply the 2-minute rule The 2-minute rule is a simple way to beat procrastination. If a task takes less than two minutes, just do it right away instead of putting it off. Need to wash a dish? Do it now. Need to make the bed? Do it now. ___17___. Find an accountability partner Sometimes, we might need help from other people. ___18___. Just ask a friend, family member, or a professional to help keep you on track. Having someone to support and encourage you can make a big difference in your life. They can remind you to stay focused and even share helpful tips to get things done. Celebrate small achievements Another strategy is celebrating your winning moments. Your achievements might be small. ___19___. It will help you keep going, and you will not feel like procrastinating your tasks. ___20___ Break big tasks into smaller ones. This helps you set goals you can achieve. Tackle one small task at a time to avoid feeling overwhelmed (不知所措) by big projects. A. That’s not wrong B. Achieve bigger goals C. Simplify the task at hand D. You have few people to turn to E. Thus, you can create a dedicated workspace F. But make sure you reward yourself for them G. This method helps stop small tasks from building up 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为如何克服拖延症提供了多种实用的策略。 【16题详解】 前文提到“For example, if you are distracted by your mobile often, turn off the notifications.(例如，如果你经常被手机分心，那就关掉通知。)”可知，这一部分建议减少干扰，选项E“Thus, you can create a dedicated workspace(因此, 你可以创建一个专注的工作空间)” 与前文逻辑相符，同时与后文用音乐帮助自己专注于任务意思连贯。故选E。 【17题详解】 该段介绍的是“2分钟法则”，即如果任务少于两分钟就立刻去做。前面“Need to wash a dish? Do it now. Need to make the bed? Do it now. (需要洗碗吗？现在就做。需要铺床吗？现在就做。)”举了洗碗和整理床铺的例子，选项G“This method helps stop small tasks from building up(这种方法有助于防止小任务堆积起来)”中This method指代“2分钟规则”，阐述了该规则能带来的好处，即有助于防止小任务堆积起来，与前文内容紧密相关。故选G。 【18题详解】 段落主题是“Find an accountability partner(找到一个监督伙伴)”，选项A“That’s not wrong(这没有错)”在这里承接上文 “Sometimes, we might need help from other people.(有时候，我们可能需要别人的帮助。)”，表示承认并肯定这种需要他人帮助的情况，引出下文如何在他人帮助下克服拖延症的具体做法。故选A。 【19题详解】 该段讲的是“Celebrate small achievements(庆祝小成就)”。选项 F“But make sure you reward yourself for them(但一定要为此奖励自己)”中them指代前文的 small achievements，reward yourself和celebrating意思相近，本句与前文“Your achievements might be small.(你的成就可能很小。)”形成转折，强调尽管成就小，但也要奖励自己，这种奖励能够帮助人们继续前进，避免拖延，符合段落主旨。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Break big tasks into smaller ones. This helps you set goals you can achieve. Tackle one small task at a time to avoid feeling overwhelmed (不知所措) by big projects.(把大任务分成小任务。这有助于你设定可以实现的目标。一次处理一个小任务，避免被大项目压垮。)”可知，本段主要讲把大任务分解成小任务，这样能帮助设定可实现的目标。C选项“Simplify the task at hand(简化手头的任务)”照应下文“Break big tasks into smaller ones.( 把大任务分成小任务。)”，简化任务的做法就是把大任务分解成小任务，作为段落小标题非常合适。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Three months into my Ph. D. program in the U. S. , having come from Nigeria, I confidently explained tissue images in a histology (组织学) class — but my group members just ignored my answers. When the professor said I was right, no one ___21___ it. I was confused. A tutor later said, “Sometimes people struggle to believe something said with a ___22___ accent. ” Her words were ___23___ — was my voice marked to remain unheard? That experience crushed my confidence. I began ___24___ in group discussions, afraid of being rejected again. By the end of my first year, I felt ___25___ by my own voice. Yet beneath the unfading doubt, a quiet desire stirred — I ___26___ to engage fully and see my ideas valued. I decided to regain control - not by changing who I was, but by adjusting ___27___ I communicated. I began to slow down, pace my speech, and speak more clearly. Slowly, these ___28___ helped me engage better with others. In a writing class, I ___29___ spoke up with suggestions to improve a proposal. My colleagues’ positive response confirmed that my ideas ____30____, regardless of my accent. This ____31____ was not just about how I sounded-it was about rebuilding trust in my own knowledge. Over time, I stopped seeing my accent as a ____32____ and owned it as part of my identity. By the time I searched for a new position, I no longer ____33____ accepted what was offered. I asked questions, ____34____ for my needs, and shaped my own path. I’ve learned my accent is no longer something to ____35____, but something to celebrate. 21. A. explained B. opposed C. shared D. acknowledged 22. A. strong B. soft C. pleasant D. familiar 23. A. empty B. encouraging C. disturbing D. wise 24. A. calming down B. holding back C. opening up D. showing off 25. A. shocked B. inspired C. attracted D. trapped 26. A. longed B. refused C. continued D. failed 27. A. when B. why C. how D. where 28. A. ideas B. efforts C. suggestions D. requests 29. A. fortunately B. hardly C. angrily D. finally 30 A. mattered B. disappeared C. developed D. differed 31. A. tradition B. method C. shift D. responsibility 32. A. symbol B. weakness C. phenomenon D. risk 33. A. happily B. conditionally C. modestly D. passively 34. A. advocated B. prepared C. paid D. waited 35. A. recommend B. prove C. fix D. gain 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为来自尼日利亚的博士生，在美国求学过程中因口音问题在小组讨论中遭遇被忽视的经历，这打击了作者的自信。但作者通过调整沟通方式，逐渐重建自信，最终不再将口音视为弱点，而是将其视为自己身份的一部分，学会积极争取自己的需求并塑造自己的道路。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当教授说我是正确的时候，也没有人认可。A. explained解释；B. opposed反对；C. shared分享；D. acknowledged承认，认可。根据上文“but my group members just ignored my answers. When the professor said I was right”可知，作者的小组成员无视他的回答，当教授说他是对的时候，仍然没人认可他。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来一位导师说：“有时候，人们很难相信带有浓重口音的人说的话。”A. strong浓重的；B. soft轻柔的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Three months into my Ph.D. program in the U.S., having come from Nigeria”可知，作者来自尼日利亚，在美国学习，所以此处说的是人们有时很难相信带有浓重口音说的话。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的话让我不安——难道因为我的口音，我的声音注定无人倾听吗？A. empty空的；B. encouraging鼓舞人心的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. wise明智的。根据下文“— was my voice marked to remain unheard?”可知，作者对自己因为口音而不被认可感到很困扰，所以导师的话让他不安。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始在小组讨论中开始退缩，害怕再次被拒绝。A. calming down平静下来；B. holding back退缩；C. opening up开放；D. showing off炫耀。根据下文“afraid of being rejected again”可知，作者害怕再次被拒绝，所以在小组讨论中开始退缩。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到第一年结束时，我感觉自己被自己的声音困住了。A. shocked震惊的；B. inspired受鼓舞的；C. attracted被吸引的；D. trapped被困住的。根据上文“When the professor said I was right, no one ___1___ it.”和“I began ___4___ in group discussions,”可知，作者因为口音不被认可，在小组讨论中退缩，所以到第一年结束时，他感觉被自己的声音困住了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在那挥之不去的疑虑之下，一种微弱的渴望在涌动 —— 我渴望充分参与讨论，并且看到自己的观点受到重视。A. longed渴望；B. refused拒绝；C. continued继续；D. failed失败。根据上文“Yet beneath the unfading doubt, a quiet desire stirred”可知，尽管有疑虑，但作者内心有一个愿望在涌动，他渴望充分参与并看到自己的想法受到重视。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我决定重新掌控局面——不是通过改变自己，而是通过调整沟通的方式。A. when何时；B. why为什么；C. how如何；D. where何地。根据下文“I began to slow down, pace my speech, and speak more clearly.”可知，作者决定重新掌控局面，不是通过改变自己，而是通过调整自己交流的方式。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，这些努力帮助我更好地与他人交流。A. ideas想法；B. efforts努力；C. suggestions建议；D. requests请求。根据上文“I began to slow down, pace my speech, and speak more clearly.”可知，作者做出了这些努力，而这些努力帮助他更好地与他人交流。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一节写作课上，我终于大胆地提出了改进一份提案的建议。A. fortunately幸运地；B. hardly几乎不；C. angrily生气地；D. finally终于。根据前文作者的努力以及“spoke up with suggestions to improve a proposal”可知，作者最终在写作课上大胆地提出了改进提案的建议。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同事们积极的回应证实了无论我的口音如何，我的想法都是重要的。A. mattered重要；B. disappeared消失；C. developed发展；D. differed不同。根据“My colleagues’ positive response”可知，同事们积极的回应证实了作者的想法是重要的，不管他的口音如何。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种转变不仅仅关乎我的口音听起来怎样——它关乎重建我对自己知识的信任。A. tradition传统；B. method方法；C. shift转变；D. responsibility责任。根据上文作者从因为口音不被认可而退缩，到后来通过调整交流方式重新获得认可可知，这是一种转变。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不再把我的口音看作是一个弱点，而是把它当作我身份的一部分欣然接受。A. symbol象征；B. weakness弱点；C. phenomenon现象；D. risk风险。根据上文作者口音不被认可，到后来重新获得认可可知，他不再把自己的口音看作是一个弱点，而是自己身份的一部分。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我寻找新职位的时候，我不再被动地接受别人提供的条件。A. happily高兴地；B. conditionally有条件地；C. modestly谦虚地；D. passively被动地。根据下文“I asked questions, ___14___ for my needs, and shaped my own path.”可知，作者不再被动地接受所提供的东西，而是主动提问等。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提出问题，为自己的需求据理力争，并且规划属于自己的道路。A. advocated提倡；B. prepared准备；C. paid支付；D. waited等待。根据上文作者不再被动接受，结合“for my needs”可知，作者为自己的需求倡导争取。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白了我的口音不再是需要修正的东西，而是值得庆祝的一部分。A. recommend推荐；B. prove证明；C. fix改正；D. gain获得。根据上文作者的经历可知，他不再认为自己的口音是需要修正的东西，而是值得庆祝的一部分。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Local Chongqing resident Yang Baike, in ____36____ (he) eighties, discovered a new perspective for observing Changshou Lake-by taking to the sky. Accompanied by his family, Yang completed his first aerial(空中的)adventure on a floatplane at the Changshou Lake water sports base. Low-altitude tourism is becoming ____37____ (increasing) popular among tourists as China expands civilian access to low-altitude airspace, ____38____ is typically defined as the vertical(垂直的)range from 1, 000 to 3,000 meters above ground. Recently, a growing number of tourist attractions ____39____ (launch) low-altitude flight and sightseeing programs. For instance, Fengjie County in Chongqing started low-altitude helicopter tours, ____40____ (offer) a new viewpoint for tourists to enjoy the scenery of Kuimen, the entrance ____41____ the Yangtze River’s deepest gorges. Moreover, aerial sports such as parachuting(跳伞)and skydiving ____42____ (favor) by more sports fans. The airspace near the Dujiangyan irrigation system has become ____43____ hit among Chinese parachuting lovers because of its breathtaking aerial view. Many people posted vlogs and travel notes on social media to record their skydiving experiences there. Low-altitude tourism is expanding across China. Hainan, a ____44____ (lead) province in China’s low-altitude tourism, recorded 13, 700 hours of flight time, 152, 000 takeoffs and landings, and 364, 800 passengers in 2023. Chongqing aims _____45_____ (open) at least two low- altitude air routes for tourists to enjoy aerial views of the city’s landmarks. Shenzhen plans to deploy more than 600 low-altitude drone launch and landing platforms and operate over 220 urban drone routes by 2025. 【答案】36. his 37. increasingly 38. which 39. have launched 40. offering 41. to##of 42. are favored##are favoured 43. a 44. leading 45. to open 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国低空旅游的兴起和发展情况，展示了这一新兴旅游形式的受欢迎程度和未来发展趋势。 【36题详解】 考查代词。句意：重庆当地居民杨佰科已八十多岁高龄，他发现了一种观赏长寿湖的新视角——从空中俯瞰。空处为代词，构成固定搭配：in one’s eighties，意为“在某人八十多岁时”，符合句意。故填his。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：随着中国逐步扩大民众对低空领域的使用权限（低空通常指的是距离地面1000米至3000米的垂直范围），低空旅游在游客中越来越受欢迎。空处修饰形容词“popular”用副词，意为“越来越……”，符合句意。故填increasingly。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：随着中国逐步扩大民众对低空领域的使用权限（低空通常指的是距离地面1000米至3000米的垂直范围），低空旅游在游客中越来越受欢迎。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词“low-altitude airspace”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：最近，越来越多的旅游景点推出了低空飞行和观光项目。空处为本句谓语动词。根据“recently”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“tourist attractions”，复数，和动词“launch”之间为主动关系。故填have launched。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，重庆的奉节县开启了低空直升机游览项目，为游客欣赏长江最深峡谷的入口——夔门的景色提供了一个全新的视角。空处为非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示主句一句话所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填offering。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：例如，重庆的奉节县开启了低空直升机游览项目，为游客欣赏长江最深峡谷的入口——夔门的景色提供了一个全新的视角。空处为名词“entrance”后的介词，用“of或to”，意为“……的入口”，符合句意。故填to或of. 【42题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：此外，跳伞和高空跳伞等空中运动也受到了更多体育爱好者的青睐。空处为本句谓语动词；根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“aerial sports”，复数，和动词“favour”之间为被动关系。故填are favored/are favoured。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：都江堰水利工程附近的空域因其令人叹为观止的空中景观，成为了中国跳伞爱好者的热门打卡地。空处修饰名词单数“hit”，表示泛指，用不定冠词形式。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：海南是中国低空旅游的领先省份，2023年，该省的飞行时长达到13700小时，起降次数为15.2万次，搭载游客36.48万人次。空处修饰名词“province”用形容词形式，意为“领先的”。故填leading。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：重庆计划至少开通两条低空航线，让游客能够从空中欣赏这座城市的地标建筑。空处为非谓语动词担当动词“aim”后的宾语，用动词不定式形式，构成短语：aim to do…，意为“计划做某事”，符合句意。故填to open。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你打算下周日参加学校对面的社区组织的义务劳动。请你用英语给你校交换生John写一封邮件，告知他此事，内容包括： 1. 时间和地点； 2. 具体安排； 3. 发出邀请。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear John, I am excited to inform you about an upcoming community volunteer event that I will be participating in, and I would love for you to join me. Next Sunday at 9:00 am, we will gather at the gate of the community across from our school to engage in various meaningful activities. The tasks for the day include cleaning up the neighborhood to make it more beautiful, planting trees, and working on a community garden project to promote sustainable living practices. Your participation will be greatly appreciated, and it’s a wonderful opportunity to give back to the community together. Please let me know if you can join, and I can provide more details if needed. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生John写一封邮件，告诉他下周日打算参加学校对面的社区组织的义务劳动活动的情况，并向他发出邀请。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：excited →thrilled 参加：participate in →take part in 各种各样的：various →a variety of 机会：opportunity →chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The tasks for the day include cleaning up the neighborhood to make it more beautiful, planting trees, and working on a community garden project to promote sustainable living practices. 拓展句：What the tasks for the day include are cleaning up the neighborhood to make it more beautiful, planting trees, and working on a community garden project to promote sustainable living practices. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am excited to inform you about an upcoming community volunteer event that I will be participating in, and I would love for you to join me.（运用了不定式短语作原因状语和that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Your participation will be greatly appreciated, and it’s a wonderful opportunity to give back to the community together.（运用了不定式短语作定语修饰名词opportunity） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Greatest Thanksgiving “Are you going grocery shopping today?” my husband, Roy asked when I picked up the telephone. “I plan to,” I answered. Thanksgiving was only a couple days away. Everyone in our family would be coming to our house. My funds were limited, therefore my box of coupons (优惠券) awaited me in the car. I knew I had to be creative in my shopping that day. I had to stretch every dollar. For a few seconds, Roy sat silently on the other end of the line. “Why do you ask?” I uttered, fearing what he might say. “Nancy, there’s a family with a half dozen kids that will not have anything to eat for Thanksgiving. The little one is only five years old. While you’re at the store, could you possibly buy something for them?” Roy’s words echoed in my heart. My head began to spin (眩晕)thinking about the fifty dollars I had reserved for our family’ s Thanks giving dinner. In the back of my mind I counted the hungry guests who would be coming to our house for dinner. I put my head down on my desk, already feeling defeated. There’s no way possible, I thought. But the sympathy I heard in my husband’s voice struck a nerve inside me. “Sure.” I replied. I finished my work and prayed all the way to the nearest grocery store. The turkeys were indeed on sale—29 cents a pound, but I discovered one big problem. When I read the sign posted on the freezer door, my heart sank. “Limit one.” “But I need two,” I uttered to myself, I decided to find the manager. I explained the problem. He made an exception. After tossing two turkeys in the cart, I began my shopping. It was amazing how many buy-one-get-one-free items were being featured that day. In addition, I had all the right coupons to get exactly what both families needed for a hearty Thanks giving dinner. I held my breath while the cashier rang up my groceries. To my surprise, I had enough money. I was even able to purchase a package of cookies for the five-year-old who had stolen my heart, even though I had never met her. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Later that afternoon, Roy and I made a special delivery to a home filled with children of all ages. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On that Thanksgiving Day, my entire family also shared a hearty meal with us. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Later that afternoon, Roy and I made a special delivery to a home filled with children of all ages. I will never forget the smiles on the six kids’ faces, as they made several trips from my car carrying numerous bags of groceries inside. Surprised and excited, they couldn’t wait to talk about their Thanksgiving dinner. Meanwhile,the little one lit up at the sight of the cookies, jumping with great joy. The parents tightly held our hands with watery eyes, “Thank you for making our day.” On that Thanksgiving Day, my entire family also shared a hearty meal with us. We had plenty to eat. We even had enough food left over for the evening meal. That afternoon, when I had time to think about what had happened, I imagined a home, not far from where I lived, where there was a mother, a father and six children sitting around the kitchen table, laughing and rejoicing. They enjoyed the same meal that our family had shared together that day. Right then I realized that miracles happen when we step out in faith and all things are possible. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了在感恩节前几天，作者的丈夫打电话问她是否要去商店买感恩节用的东西，作者回答是，丈夫告诉作者有个家庭有六个孩子他们感恩节什么吃的都没有，所以问作者能不能给他们买点东西，虽然作者预留资金也不多，但是作者答应了。于是作者拿着预留资金和一堆优惠券去了商店，给自己和那家人买了东西。幸运的是，作者带的钱足以支付买的东西。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“那天下午晚些时候，罗伊和我专程把东西送到一个满是各个年龄段孩子的家里。”可知，第一段可描写作者和丈夫给这家人送东西，以及这家人的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“在那个感恩节，我们全家也一起吃了一顿丰盛的大餐。”可知，第二段可描写作者一家有足够的吃的，以及作者对自己和丈夫给这一家人送东西的感受。 2.续写线索：送东西——表现——感谢——全家吃大餐——作者感受 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①高兴起来：light up/cheer up ②考虑：think about/consider ③发生：happen/take place 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/amazed ②兴奋的：excited/thrilled 【点睛】[高分句型1] I will never forget the smiles on the six kids’ faces, as they made several trips from my car carrying numerous bags of groceries inside. （由as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] That afternoon, when I had time to think about what had happened, I imagined a home, not far from where I lived, where there was a mother, a father and six children sitting around the kitchen table, laughing and rejoicing. （由when引导的时间状语从句，what引导的宾语从句，和where引导的宾语从句） [高分句型3] Right then I realized that miracles happen when we step out in faith and all things are possible.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高三下学期第二次模拟考试 英语试题 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How does the woman advise the man to refresh himself? A. By having a cup of coffee. B. By drinking a cup of tea. C. By taking a short break. 2. What will the woman do next? A. Watch a film. B. Drink a glass of water. C. Chat with the man. 3. What did the woman do yesterday? A. She called a wrong number. B. She made a mistake at work. C. She quarreled with her colleague. 4. When did the man arrive at the train station? A. At 8:30. B. At 8:35. C. At 8:50. 5. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The man’s dream job. B. The man’s work experience. C. The woman’s career path. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How does the man feel about movie reviews? A. Crazy. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. 7. According to the woman, what makes a person become an expert? A. The ability to speak out their opinion. B. Years of experience in their field. C. Logic and influence on others. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where is the book set? A. In a zoo. B. In a house. C. On an island. 9. What are Gerald Durrell’s family like? A. Serious. B. Funny. C. Indifferent. 10. What will the man probably do next? A. Give the woman the book. B. Read the book to the woman. C. Tell the woman more about the book. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Relatives. C. Co-workers. 12. What does the woman think is wrong with the water? A. It is cold. B. It is dirty. C. It is hot. 13. Which problem was the woman treated for? A. A cold. B. A headache. C. A stomach trouble. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why did the man begin his project? A. To assist people affected by a natural disaster. B. To develop his profitable international business. C. To offer medical care access in an area with no hospitals. 15. Where is the woman probably from? A. The US. B. Nepal. C. The UK. 16. What is the most significant problem for the man? A. Hiring enough surgeons. B. Training local medical professionals. C. Gathering proper medical equipment. 17. How many people will work in the hospital? A. 30. B. 100. C. 130. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What service does the woman try to sell? A. Computer lessons. B An airfare to Hawaii. C. A membership of a sports club. 15. Why does the man turn down the woman? A. He has no extra money. B. He dislikes telemarketing. C. He doesn’t need the service. 16. How will the woman deal with the man’s number? A. Remove it from the list. B. Keep it on the computer. C. Give it to another person. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17 What did the speaker decide to do after graduation? A. Move to China. B. Further her study in China. C. Do research on Chinese culture. 18. Who encouraged the speaker to talk much with the locals? A Her friends. B. Her family. C. Her colleagues. 19. How did the speaker learn Chinese well? A. By taking a course. B. By watching movies. C. By speaking with the natives. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Her impression of China. B. Her experience of learning Chinese. C. The influence of Chinese culture on her. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A From fashionable current affairs reports to the distant past, these podcasts (播客) take the mystery out of history. The Rest Is History Two men quietly fill your brain with knowledge in an entertaining way. Tackling everything from the history of the World Cup to significant historical events, the two combine total command of their subjects with much enjoyable silliness and some terrible impressions. Slow Burn Slow Burn takes deep dives into modern American history. Created by Slate, episodes (集) are hosted by various presenters, and are typically attractive from beginning to end. Often, these are moments in history you’ve already known about, but might never learned about in this much detail before. These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip. In Our Time Running weekly from 1998, the popular show hosted by Melvyn Bragg is more than just a history program. With over 1,000 episodes available to download, it covers many straightforward history topics. However, In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity. A History of the World in 100 Objects The excellent bite-size journey through the history of the world initially aired in 2010 and probably wasn’t called a podcast, but it lives on in that form. Narrated by an art historian, it does exactly what the title suggests, serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created, from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art. 1. How does Slow Burn differ from other podcasts? A. It covers unknown American history. B. It is available for download. C. It offers details of historic events. D. It is created by different presenters. 2. Which best suits those who want to know about the development of humanity best? A. The Rest Is History. B. Slow Burn. C. In Our Time. D. A History of the World in 100 Objects. 3. What do we know about A History of the World in 100 Objects? A. It tells history with objects. B. It is an informal podcast. C. It focuses on the modern art. D. It is stated by a famous artist. B Before Pete Adler joined the Army, he majored in architecture. Now, after spending 25years in equipment maintenance and supply, and another 17 years as a civilian employee, Adler is back to his architectural roots. And it’s for a good cause: building free ramps (坡道) for his senior and disabled neighbors. Adler began helping his neighbors after the nonprofit project: HOMES gave a presentation at his local Rotary Club. Adler recalls the representative saying — “Too many seniors and disabled individuals need ramps, but they can’t afford them.” That’s when Adler reached out to his friends so that they could start building ramps for neighbors in need. “I feel this is my calling, and I’d like to start a crew,” he told his friend Karen Scott, who was eager to jump in and help. Adler’s group of volunteers has only grown with time. Now when he pulls up to a house for an installation, he has about a dozen people by his side to transport lumber (木材), work the saws, and assemble the deck. “It’s turned into an amazing service,” said Adler. “I really enjoy the process and the teamwork, and figuring out the best solution for people in need.” When a recipient (接收者) can afford it, they are only charged with the cost of the materials. If they can’t cover the cost, project: HOMES steps in to pay the full price. Adler and his team of volunteers have transformed lives by building over 500 accessibility ramps for households in need. Adler has gone from building one ramp per weekend to completing three, sometimes four ramps each week across the Tri-Cities area. 71-year-old Jaunita Barnes is one of the 500 neighbors that Adler has helped through project: HOMES. After a stroke and heart attack, Barnes found it difficult to navigate the stairs with her walker. She was confined to her home for months — getting groceries delivered and calling doctors to her door — until Adler and his team stepped in to help. “Now I can go where I need to go,” said Barnes. “Adler and the others are truly nice.” 4. Why did Adler return to architecture-related work? A. To take on a social responsibility. B. To continue his abandoned business. C. To earn fame from architecture. D. To make up for his neighbors. 5. What motivated Adler to initiate the ramp-building project? A. The Rotary Club’s nonprofit project. B. A personal interest in ramp design. C. A request from his disabled neighbors. D. The struggles the disadvantaged faced. 6. What does the growth of Adler’s volunteer group suggest about the project? A. It has gained recognition and support. B. It proves Adler’s profit has increased. C. It provides opportunity for volunteers. D. It requires professional construction skills. 7. How does Barnes probably feel about the ramps? A. Useful and cheap. B. Helpful and worthy. C. Unique and valuable. D. Costly and complicated. C The ability to detect a nearby presence without seeing or touching it may sound fantastical — but it’s a real ability that some creatures have. A family of African fish known as Mormyrids are weakly electric, and have special organs that can locate a nearby target, even when it’s hiding in the mud. Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. “We developed a new strategy for 3D motion positioning by electronic skin, bio-inspired by ‘electric fish’”, says Dr. Xinge Yu, an associate professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the City University of Hong Kong. The team described their e-skin sensor in a paper published on November 14 in Nature. The artificial sensor is multi-layered. One layer acts as a transmitter (发射器), which will generate an electric field once activated, and another layer acts as a receiver to detect both the direction and the distance to an object. A separate controller creates the driving signal to activate the transmitter. When an object comes within range, the electric field around the sensor is disrupted (扰乱), which in turn can be detected by the receiver. This data is then processed by a micro controller unit, which computes the position of the target object and sends that information to a smartphone or other devices. A special biogel (生物凝胶) is used in the sensor, which has the ability to transmit and receive electric signals from a pattern of micro channels on the surface. The end result is a sensor that is thin, soft and flexible, making it cosy to adapt to irregular surfaces, such as the human body. In contrast to the traditional sensor system that needs a large number of sensors to achieve spatial positioning, the new system can locate an object precisely in 3D space using just a few sensors. This significantly reduces the power consumption of data collection, transmission, and processing. The researchers hope that this sensor could one day open up a new range of wearable technologies, including sensors for human-machine interaction and thin, flexible e-skin. 8. What does paragraph 1 aim to show? A. the special ability of African fish. B. the inspiration for a new invention. C. the big challenge of locating objects. D. the reason for developing a sensor. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the sensor? A. Its development process. B. Its operating mechanism. C. Its main layers. D. Its environment impact. 10. What is an advantage of the new sensor system? A. Its sensitivity to different stimulations. B. Its adaptation to environmental changes. C. Its efficiency in achieving 3D positioning. D. Its speed in data collection and processing. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Machine Detective “Wears” Flexible E-skin B. Bio-inspired Sensor “Feels” Without Touching C. E-Skin Sensor: The Future of Machine Learning D. Electric Fields: The Frontier of Object Detection D Self-confidence is trusting in our abilities or qualities. It’s usually seen as a good thing. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, N.C. , has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood what they read, heard, or did. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 12. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To show the result of wrong operation. D. To give an example of overconfidence. 13. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It urged students to gain recognition. B. It encouraged students to take exams. C. It helped students to adjust learning methods. D. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. 14. What do the underlined words “got a subject down pat” mean in paragraph 5? A. Fully mastered a subject. B. Put great effort into a subject C. Really enjoyed a subject. D. Benefited a lot from a subject. 15. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B. Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Procrastination is delaying tasks, even when we know we shouldn’t. We say, “I’ll do it later,” but later turns into much later — or never. It’s not laziness; it’s avoiding stress or discomfort. But those tasks don’t go away — they stay and add to our worries. While procrastination is a persistent problem, actionable strategies can help you break the cycle over time. Limit distractions (分心的事) Do you have any distractions which hold you back from doing your tasks? Find them and try to avoid or reduce them. For example, if you are distracted by your mobile often, turn off the notifications. ___16___. You can also use music to focus on your tasks. Music has the power to keep you out of those distracting noises. Apply the 2-minute rule The 2-minute rule is a simple way to beat procrastination. If a task takes less than two minutes, just do it right away instead of putting it off. Need to wash a dish? Do it now. Need to make the bed? Do it now. ___17___. Find an accountability partner Sometimes, we might need help from other people. ___18___. Just ask a friend, family member, or a professional to help keep you on track. Having someone to support and encourage you can make a big difference in your life. They can remind you to stay focused and even share helpful tips to get things done. Celebrate small achievements Another strategy is celebrating your winning moments. Your achievements might be small. ___19___. It will help you keep going and you will not feel like procrastinating your tasks. ___20___ Break big tasks into smaller ones. This helps you set goals you can achieve. Tackle one small task at a time to avoid feeling overwhelmed (不知所措) by big projects. A. That’s not wrong B. Achieve bigger goals C. Simplify the task at hand D. You have few people to turn to E. Thus, you can create a dedicated workspace F. But make sure you reward yourself for them G. This method helps stop small tasks from building up 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Three months into my Ph. D. program in the U. S. , having come from Nigeria, I confidently explained tissue images in a histology (组织学) class — but my group members just ignored my answers. When the professor said I was right, no one ___21___ it. I was confused. A tutor later said, “Sometimes people struggle to believe something said with a ___22___ accent. ” Her words were ___23___ — was my voice marked to remain unheard? That experience crushed my confidence. I began ___24___ in group discussions, afraid of being rejected again. By the end of my first year, I felt ___25___ by my own voice. Yet beneath the unfading doubt, a quiet desire stirred — I ___26___ to engage fully and see my ideas valued. I decided to regain control - not by changing who I was, but by adjusting ___27___ I communicated. I began to slow down, pace my speech, and speak more clearly. Slowly, these ___28___ helped me engage better with others. In a writing class, I ___29___ spoke up with suggestions to improve a proposal. My colleagues’ positive response confirmed that my ideas ____30____, regardless of my accent. This ____31____ was not just about how I sounded-it was about rebuilding trust in my own knowledge. Over time, I stopped seeing my accent as a ____32____ and owned it as part of my identity. By the time I searched for a new position, I no longer ____33____ accepted what was offered. I asked questions, ____34____ for my needs, and shaped my own path. I’ve learned my accent is no longer something to ____35____, but something to celebrate. 21. A. explained B. opposed C. shared D. acknowledged 22. A. strong B. soft C. pleasant D. familiar 23. A. empty B. encouraging C. disturbing D. wise 24. A. calming down B. holding back C. opening up D. showing off 25. A. shocked B. inspired C. attracted D. trapped 26. A. longed B. refused C. continued D. failed 27. A. when B. why C. how D. where 28. A. ideas B. efforts C. suggestions D. requests 29. A. fortunately B. hardly C. angrily D. finally 30. A. mattered B. disappeared C. developed D. differed 31. A. tradition B. method C. shift D. responsibility 32. A. symbol B. weakness C. phenomenon D. risk 33. A. happily B. conditionally C. modestly D. passively 34. A. advocated B. prepared C. paid D. waited 35. A. recommend B. prove C. fix D. gain 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Local Chongqing resident Yang Baike, in ____36____ (he) eighties, discovered a new perspective for observing Changshou Lake-by taking to the sky. Accompanied by his family, Yang completed his first aerial(空中的)adventure on a floatplane at the Changshou Lake water sports base. Low-altitude tourism is becoming ____37____ (increasing) popular among tourists as China expands civilian access to low-altitude airspace, ____38____ is typically defined as the vertical(垂直的)range from 1, 000 to 3,000 meters above ground. Recently, a growing number of tourist attractions ____39____ (launch) low-altitude flight and sightseeing programs. For instance, Fengjie County in Chongqing started low-altitude helicopter tours, ____40____ (offer) a new viewpoint for tourists to enjoy the scenery of Kuimen, the entrance ____41____ the Yangtze River’s deepest gorges. Moreover, aerial sports such as parachuting(跳伞)and skydiving ____42____ (favor) by more sports fans. The airspace near the Dujiangyan irrigation system has become ____43____ hit among Chinese parachuting lovers because of its breathtaking aerial view. Many people posted vlogs and travel notes on social media to record their skydiving experiences there. Low-altitude tourism is expanding across China. Hainan, a ____44____ (lead) province in China’s low-altitude tourism, recorded 13, 700 hours of flight time, 152, 000 takeoffs and landings, and 364, 800 passengers in 2023. Chongqing aims _____45_____ (open) at least two low- altitude air routes for tourists to enjoy aerial views of the city’s landmarks. Shenzhen plans to deploy more than 600 low-altitude drone launch and landing platforms and operate over 220 urban drone routes by 2025. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你打算下周日参加学校对面的社区组织的义务劳动。请你用英语给你校交换生John写一封邮件，告知他此事，内容包括： 1. 时间和地点； 2. 具体安排； 3. 发出邀请。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Greatest Thanksgiving “Are you going grocery shopping today?” my husband, Roy asked when I picked up the telephone. “I plan to,” I answered. Thanksgiving was only a couple days away. Everyone in our family would be coming to our house. My funds were limited, therefore my box of coupons (优惠券) awaited me in the car. I knew I had to be creative in my shopping that day. I had to stretch every dollar. For a few seconds, Roy sat silently on the other end of the line. “Why do you ask?” I uttered, fearing what he might say. “Nancy there’s a family with a half dozen kids that will not have anything to eat for Thanksgiving. The little one is only five years old. While you’re at the store, could you possibly buy something for them?” Roy’s words echoed in my heart. My head began to spin (眩晕)thinking about the fifty dollars I had reserved for our family’ s Thanks giving dinner. In the back of my mind I counted the hungry guests who would be coming to our house for dinner. I put my head down on my desk, already feeling defeated. There’s no way possible, I thought. But the sympathy I heard in my husband’s voice struck a nerve inside me. “Sure.” I replied. I finished my work and prayed all the way to the nearest grocery store. The turkeys were indeed on sale—29 cents a pound, but I discovered one big problem. When I read the sign posted on the freezer door, my heart sank. “Limit one.” “But I need two,” I uttered to myself, I decided to find the manager. I explained the problem. He made an exception. After tossing two turkeys in the cart, I began my shopping. It was amazing how many buy-one-get-one-free items were being featured that day. In addition, I had all the right coupons to get exactly what both families needed for a hearty Thanks giving dinner. I held my breath while the cashier rang up my groceries. To my surprise, I had enough money. I was even able to purchase a package of cookies for the five-year-old who had stolen my heart, even though I had never met her. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Later that afternoon, Roy and I made a special delivery to a home filled with children of all ages. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On that Thanksgiving Day, my entire family also shared a hearty meal with us. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$