话题05 自然生态与环境保护-2025年中考英语时文热点话题题型组合练（全国通用）

话题05 自然生态与环境保护 （完形填空1+阅读理解4+阅读还原2+语法填空2+书面表达1） 序号 题型 内容 难度 1 完形填空 讲述15岁的Alex发起社区塑料回收项目，从最初面临困难到最终成功带动环保风潮的故事。 适中 2 阅读理解A 本文主要通过Trish的个人经历和行动，展示了观鸟活动如何成为连接人类与自然的桥梁，并强调了环境保护和自然教育的重要性。 适中 3 阅读理解B 主要讲述了水资源回收利用的相关内容，介绍了一些地区和社区在废水再利用方面的尝试，以及对未来水资源管理的展望。 较难 4 阅读理解C 文章主要介绍了湿地的定义、重要性、面临的威胁以及保护湿地的措施，呼吁人们共同努力保护湿地这一重要的生态系统。 较难 5 阅读理解D 主要阐述全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象致中国气温异常升高及其对自然、农业、健康等方面的影响，并提及2025年气温持续偏高趋势及专家应对建议。 较难 6 七选五01 介绍了中国西北部的毛乌素沙漠正在消失的情况。 适中 7 七选五02 讲述了海洋面临的问题，呼吁人们采取行动保护海洋。 适中 8 语法填空01 讲述了Lydia通过“plogging”（跑步捡垃圾）让跑步变得更有意义的故事。 适中 9 语法填空02 介绍了屋顶农业作为一种可持续的城市绿化方式的优势和意义。 较难 10 书面表达 学校将开展以“Small Actions, Big Changes”为主题的英语演讲比赛。假定你是李华，将代表你所在班级参赛，请根据图片提示，写一篇演讲稿。 适中 一、完形填空 （2025·广东梅州·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Alex, a 15-year-old student, recently started a special 1 in his community. He saw plastic waste gathering near the river and wanted to help. At first, the task seemed 2 because he had no experience in environmental protection. However, he didn’t 3 trying. He began by researching recycling methods online. To his surprise, he discovered that some plastics could be 4 into useful items like flower pots. With this knowledge, Alex organized a weekend clean-up event. Many classmates 5 him after hearing his exciting talk. The team collected over 200 kilograms of plastic. Their next challenge was to find a way to 6 these materials creatively. After several failed tries, Alex 7 designed a machine that could melt（熔化）plastic safely. The machine, though simple, worked perfectly! Local newspapers 8 their story, and soon more volunteers joined. Alex learned that keeping trying and working with others could make a big 9 . “Everyone can help to protect the Earth,” he said. His project not only cleaned the river but also 10 a new recycling fashion in the city. 1．A．project B．hobby C．journey D．test 2．A．impossible B．exciting C．boring D．comfortable 3．A．enjoy B．finish C．imagine D．stop 4．A．thrown B．divided C．changed D．explained 5．A．refused B．supported C．warned D．replaced 6．A．hide B．sell C．reuse D．burn 7．A．suddenly B．finally C．secretly D．normally 8．A．wrote about B．gave up C．turned down D．put off 9．A．mistake B．difference C．promise D．suggestion 10．A．broke B．followed C．forgot D．started 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文讲述15岁的Alex发起社区塑料回收项目，从最初面临困难到最终成功带动环保风潮的故事。 1．句意：15岁的学生Alex最近在社区启动了一个特别的项目。 project项目；hobby爱好； journey旅程；test测试。根据“His project not only cleaned the river but also...a new recycling fashion in the city.”可知，此处指一个特别的项目。故选A。 2．句意：起初，这个任务似乎不可能完成，因为他没有环保经验。 impossible不可能的；exciting令人兴奋的；boring无聊的；comfortable舒适的。根据“because he had no experience in environmental protection”可知，因为他没有环保经验，所以这个任务似乎不可能完成。故选A。 3．句意：然而，他没有停止尝试。 enjoy享受；finish完成；imagine想象；stop停止。根据“However”可知，此处表转折，说明这个任务很难，但他没有停止尝试。故选D。 4．句意：令他惊讶的是，他发现一些塑料可以变成有用的物品，比如花盆。 thrown扔掉；divided分开；changed改变；explained解释。根据“some plastics could be 　　　　　　　　　 into useful items like flower pots”可知，是指把塑料变成花盆等有用的物品。故选C。 5．句意：许多同学听完他的令人激动的演讲后支持他。 refuse拒绝；support支持；warn警告；replace取代。根据“The team collected over 200 kilograms of plastic.”可知，很多同学都支持他。故选B。 6．句意：他们的下一个挑战是找到一种方法来创造性地再利用这些材料。 hide隐藏；sell出售；reuse再利用；burn焚烧。根据前文的“recycling methods”可知，此处为环保再利用这些材料。故选C。 7．句意：经历几次失败的尝试后，Alex最终设计出了能安全熔化塑料的机器。 suddenly突然；finally最终；secretly秘密地；normally通常。根据“After several failed tries”可知，经过失败后最终成功了。故选B。 8．句意：当地报纸报道了他们的故事。 write about写关于……的内容，报道；give up放弃；turn down拒绝；put off推迟。根据“soon more volunteers joined”可知，当地报纸报道他们的故事才会有更多志愿者加入。故选A。 9．句意：Alex明白不断尝试并与他人合作可以产生巨大影响。 mistake错误；difference差异，不同；promise承诺；suggestion建议。根据语境可知，此处为固定搭配make a big difference“产生巨大影响”。故选B。 10．句意：他的项目不仅清理了河流，还发起了城市回收新时尚。 break打破；follow跟随；forget忘记；start发起。根据“a new recycling fashion”并结合选项可知，此处指发起了城市回收新时尚。故选D。 2、 阅读理解 A （2025·辽宁·模拟预测）In 2005, a terrible hurricane (飓风) hit Trish’s hometown and she had to face the loss of her home. In watching cardinals and other birds, she found peace in her heart. Soon, Trish started bringing her students along. “My students stared at me in disbelief (不相信) when I told them I’d never cared about birds before.” Trish wrote in her book Birding to Change the World, “suddenly wondered how many creatures would die because of the way we lived.” It was then that she decided to work on environmental protection. Most of the book focuses on Trish’s efforts to protect Warner Park, a great location for birding. Her action snowballed into a local bird watching and protecting organization. This finally became part of Trish’s doctoral research, along with a birding class pairing middle school students with college-student advisors (指导教师). The book tells readers that a good knowledge of nature doesn’t require a degree. Jeremy, a seemingly (看似) uninterested boy in Trish’s birding class. During a field trip, the quiet boy started talking excitedly about the bunting, a small blue bird he’d secretly studied the field guide given by his advisor. Birding to Change the World shows how people and birds today depend on one another. “For thousands of years, we have seen birds as a symbol of liberation (解放).” Trish wrote, “In my case, it is liberation from the sadness that the hurricane brought. Bird by bird, they open up a new joyful pathway in my life.” 1．What finally caused Trish to work on environmental protection? A．Bad effects of people’s lifestyle. B．Writing a new book about nature. C．The terrible hurricane in her hometown. D．Her students’ disbelief for her suggestion. 2．What does the underlined word “snowballed” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Developed. B．Failed. C．Froze. D．Influenced. 3．What does the writer want to express by mentioning Jeremy? A．Field trips should be organized more. B．Students can become interested in birds. C．A good advisor is important for students. D．Almost everyone can learn about nature well. 4．What can we know from Trish’s words in the last paragraph? A．Birds prevent future disasters. B．Birds can free her from sadness. C．Birds increased in her hometown. D．Birds made her forget the hurricane. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要通过Trish的个人经历和行动，展示了观鸟活动如何成为连接人类与自然的桥梁，并强调了环境保护和自然教育的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“suddenly wondered how many creatures would die because of the way we lived.”以及“ It was then that she decided to work on environmental protection.”可知，促使特里什从事环境保护工作的原因是人们生活方式带来的不良影响。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Most of the book focuses on Trish’s efforts to protect Warner Park, a great location for birding. Her action snowballed into a local bird watching and protecting organization. ”可知，她的行动发展成了一个当地的观鸟和保护组织。“snowballed”意思是“发展”，与“Developed.”意思相近。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“The book tells readers that a good knowledge of nature doesn't require a degree. Jeremy, a seemingly (看似) uninterested boy in Trish’s birding class. During a field trip, the quiet boy started talking excitedly about the bunting, a small blue bird-he’d secretly studied the field guide given by his advisor.”可知，通过提到杰里米，作者想表达的是几乎每个人都可以很好地了解自然。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“For thousands of years, we have seen birds as a symbol of liberation (解放).”和“In my case, it is liberation from the sadness that the hurricane brought. Bird by bird, they open up a new joyful pathway in my life.”可知，鸟能让她从悲伤中解脱出来。故选B。 B （2025·重庆大渡口·二模）①Have you ever read Dune (沙丘) or watched the films? On the desert planet Arrakis, people wear specially designed suits. These suits collect sweat (汗) and urine (尿) and change them into clean drinking water. This may sound like magic, but some places short of water in the world are already recycling wastewater in similar ways. Astronauts in space depend on recycled water, too. ②But what about us? “We don’t live in space or on a desert planet,” you might say. “Why would we ever need to turn our sweat and urine into drinking water? That’s yucky!” ③Well, we might not start by recycling wastewater for drinking, but we can recycle it for other uses. Let’s think about flushing toilets, for example. Every day, huge amounts of clean fresh water are used to wash away human waste. This doesn’t seem like the wisest use of our limited fresh water, does it? ④Some people are already rethinking such practices. They are looking for smarter ways to use water. ⑤I recently visited Jenfelder Au, a new neighborhood in Hamburg, Germany, with an experimental wastewater reuse project. Traditionally, water runs into a city from outside, and wastewater is sent back to treatment plants (处理厂) far away. This new system separates wastewater into three streams to be reused locally. ⑥Rainwater is collected to water the gardens. “Gray water” from kitchen and bathroom sinks is used to clean toilets. And “black water” from toilets is sent to a local treatment plant to be turned into biogas (3°C). The system reduces water use by 30 percent and produces electricity for hundreds of homes. ⑦Perhaps all new neighborhoods around the world could follow Jenfelder Au’s example. The big challenge lies with old houses. It’s hard and expensive to exchange their pipes and systems. ⑧Still, Dr. Upmann Lall, a water treatment expert from the U. S., is hopeful. “It happened with lighting. Most homes and cities have updated to LED,” he said. “We improve our homes and cities every 10 to 15 years. We can make use of this cycle and encourage people to try new water technologies. Over time, more and more people will start using water wisely. More and more water will be saved.” 1．What does the underlined word “practice” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．A type of tool or device. B．An idea or thought. C．A method or way of doing something. D．A formal rule or guideline. 2．How does the water management system in Jenfelder Au community work? A．Only uses rainwater. B．Separates wastewater into three streams. C．Sends all water to far treatment. D．Does not use any treatment methods. 3．What does Dr. Upmann Lall think about the future of water resource management? A．He thinks it will be hard. B．He believes it will get better. C．He is not interested in it. D．He thinks nothing needs to change. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了水资源回收利用的相关内容，介绍了一些地区和社区在废水再利用方面的尝试，以及对未来水资源管理的展望。 1．词句猜测题。根据前文“Every day, huge amounts of clean fresh water are used to wash away human waste. This doesn’t seem like the wisest use of our limited fresh water”可知，这里说的是每天用大量干净的淡水冲厕所这种做事的方法不是对有限淡水资源最明智的利用方式，人们开始重新思考这种做法。选项C“一种做某事的方法或方式”符合文意，这里practice指的是用水冲厕所这种做法。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“This new system separates wastewater into three streams to be reused locally.”以及后文“Rainwater is collected to water the gardens. ‘Gray water’ from kitchen and bathroom sinks is used to clean toilets. And ‘black water’ from toilets is sent to a local treatment plant to be turned into biogas.”可知，Jenfelder Au社区的水管理系统将废水分成三股水流进行再利用。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Still, Dr. Upmann Lall, a water treatment expert from the U. S.,…More and more water will be saved.’”可知，Upmann Lall博士对水资源管理的未来充满希望，他认为随着时间推移，会有越来越多的人明智地用水，更多的水将被节约，也就是他相信未来会变得更好。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第①段通过《沙丘》及太空宇航员用水的例子引出水资源回收利用的话题，为“Introduction”；第②段提出人们对于回收废水饮用的质疑，第③段指出虽不一定要回收废水饮用但可用于其他用途并以冲厕所为例，第④段说人们开始重新思考用水方式，这三段阐述主要观点并提出解决方案，属于“Main Point and Solutions”；第⑤⑥段以德国Jenfelder Au社区为例介绍废水再利用项目，是对解决方案的具体说明，也属于“Main Point and Solutions”；第⑦段讲述新社区可效仿但老房子改造有挑战，是在说水资源回收利用带来的影响以及未来面临的问题，属于“Effect and Future”；第⑧段引用专家观点表明对未来的乐观态度，属于“Opposite View and Expert Opinion”。所以文章结构为A选项所示。故选B。 C（2025·福建厦门·二模） Wetlands are land areas covered by water most of the time. This can either be fresh water, salty water or mixed water. They form naturally or are made by humans when water collects and cannot run off. Wetlands are on almost every continent (大洲). Wetlands are really important. They are home to about 100,000 kinds of animals, and 40% of the world’s plants and animals depend on wetlands to live. Wetlands also help fight climate change by taking in lots of carbon (碳) to reduce CO2 in the air. During heavy rains, they take in water to reduce flooding, and in dry seasons, they slowly let stored water go to help fight droughts (干旱). Over 1 billion people live on wetlands for jobs like fishing, rice farming, and tourism. In fact, food grown in wetlands feeds more than half of the world’s population. However, wetlands are disappearing fast. Since 1970, more than 33% of wetlands have been lost. Wastes from people’s daily life and factory production harm these areas. Dams (水坝) stop rivers and this shrinks wetlands. Invasive species (入侵物种) also cause problems. Some plants grow quickly, pushing out local species and harming fish by reducing O2. Protecting wetlands requires global action. In 1971, 172 countries signed the Convention on Wetlands to protect these ecosystems. For example, in 2020, China’s wetland protection rate was 52.7%, with a planned increase of 2.4% every five years. And the UK plans to create and restore 1,000 km² of wetlands by 2050. It isn’t just governments’ responsibility to protect wetlands. Everyone can help. Simple actions like planting native (本土的) trees near rivers, or joining clean-up activities make a difference. By valuing wetlands and working together, we can protect these important ecosystems for our planet’s future. 1．Wetlands ________. A．are only covered by fresh water B．aren’t created by humans C．can help fight climate change D．can’t be used to grow rice 2．What does the underlined word “shrinks” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Puts down. B．Cuts down. C．Cleans up. D．Builds up. 3．Which following action can protect wetlands? A．Reducing polluted water. B．Building more dams. C．Growing foreign plants. D．Protecting all species. 4．Which picture correctly shows China’s planned wetland protection rate by 2025? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer want to tell us in the last two paragraphs? A．What and where are wetlands? B．What problems do wetlands face? C．Why are wetlands important? D．How can wetlands be protected? 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湿地的定义、重要性、面临的威胁以及保护湿地的措施，呼吁人们共同努力保护湿地这一重要的生态系统。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Wetlands also help fight climate change by taking in lots of carbon to reduce CO2 in the air.”可知，湿地可以通过吸收大量的碳来减少空气中的二氧化碳，从而帮助应对气候变化。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Dams stop rivers and this shrinks wetlands.”可知，水坝阻挡了河流，这会使湿地面积缩小，因此划线单词“shrinks”意为“缩小，减少”，与“cuts down”意思相近。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Wastes from people’s daily life and factory production harm these areas.”可知，减少污水排放可以保护湿地。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“in 2020, China’s wetland protection rate was 52.7%, with a planned increase of 2.4% every five years.”可知，2020年，中国湿地保护率为52.7%，计划每5年提高2.4%；据此可以推断，到2025年，中国的湿地保护率应该是52.7% + 2.4% = 55.1%。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。文章倒数第二段提到“Protecting wetlands requires global action.”以及列举了中国和英国保护湿地的计划，最后一段提到“It isn’t just governments’ responsibility to protect wetlands. Everyone can help.”以及具体的保护措施，所以这两段主要讲述了如何保护湿地。故选D。 D （2025·广东惠州·模拟预测） 2025 Could Be the Hottest Year in History Data (数据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象) —the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3 meters over time, putting coastal areas in danger. Higher temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests (害虫). Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases. Illnesses related to heat, like heatstroke (热射病), is becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and ways to prevent harm. The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. On New Year’s Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15℃, far from the cold usually expected in winter. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By sharing experts’ opinion. B．By showing official data. C．By giving examples of extreme weather. D．By telling a personal story. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What global warming is. B．What extreme weather is. C．What causes China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. D．What the El Niño phenomenon is. 3．What does the word “temporarily” mean? A．In a special period. B．For a short time. C．At the same time. D．For a long time. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph? A．China will experience a colder-than-usual winter in 2025. B．On New Year’s Day, temperatures all over China were over 15℃. C．Global warming has no influence on nature. D．High-tech products may deal with problems caused by the rising temperatures. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To guess the exact temperature of 2025. B．To explain the causes and effects of rising temperatures. C．To point out that people don’t do enough to fight climate change. D．To compare the weather in different parts of China. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象致中国气温异常升高及其对自然、农业、健康等方面的影响，并提及2025年气温持续偏高趋势及专家应对建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Data (数据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records.”可知，作者是通过展示官方数据来引入话题的。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象) —the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.”可知，第二段主要讲的是导致中国气温高于正常水平的原因。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases.”可知，此处是说高温可能会在某些地方暂时增加作物产量，但从长远来看，农业将面临更大的变化和可能的减产，“temporarily”意为“暂时地，短时间地”，与“For a short time.”意思相近。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks.”可知，高科技产品可能会处理由气温上升引起的问题，D选项正确。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国气温高于正常水平的原因（全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象）以及气温上升带来的影响（对自然、农业、人类健康等方面），所以这篇文章的主要目的是解释气温上升的原因和影响。故选B。 3、 七选五 Passage 1 （2025·陕西咸阳·二模）While studying a map of China, have you ever noticed the Mu Us Desert (毛乌索沙地) in the northwest? If you haven’t, then you probably never will. 1 You might wonder: Why is this happening? Who is the “killer”? Well, this is not a murder (谋杀) story. It is, instead, the result of years of efforts of tree planting. 2 Sandstorms were common in northern Shaanxi. Lots of people had to leave their homes. The fight against desertification (沙漠化) began in the 1970s. The work was more than tiring. Shi Guangyin led a team in Bulanghe to plant trees, a town in Yulin, Shaanxi. 3 That night, however, a strong wind blew away all the young trees. Crying was useless. The next day, the team replanted all the trees. 4 One of them is Guo Chengwang. With encouragement from the government, in 1985, he started to plant trees in his village. Guo is now in his nineties. His children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren have continued the job. The family has turned 30 square kilometers of desert into woods. These trees have made a big difference. In Yulin, 5 With continuing efforts, the Mu Us Desert will be gone. Our motherland is becoming greener and lovelier. A．They once spent the whole afternoon planting trees under a burning sun. B．the number of sandy days has increased a lot since then. C．the number of sandy days has dropped from 100 in 2000 to 10 now. D．The Mu Us used to be one of the largest deserts in China. E．There used to be few sandstorms in northern Shaanxi. F．That’s because the desert is becoming smaller and smaller. G．In Yulin, there are many other sandstorm fighters. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．A 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国西北部的毛乌素沙漠正在消失的情况。 1．根据“If you haven’t, then you probably never will.”可知，后面应该解释为什么可能永远不会注意到，选项F“那是因为沙漠变得越来越小。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“Sandstorms were common in northern Shaanxi. Lots of people had to leave their homes.”可知，这里需要先介绍毛乌素沙地过去的情况，选项D“毛乌素曾经是中国最大的沙漠之一。”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据“Shi Guangyin led a team in Bulanghe to plant trees, a town in Yulin, Shaanxi.”和“That night, however, a strong wind blew away all the young trees.”可知，这里应该描述他们植树的过程，选项A“他们曾在烈日下花整个下午种树。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“One of them is Guo Chengwang.”可知，此处需引出其他治沙人，选项G“榆林还有许多其他治沙战士。”符合语境。故选G。 5．根据“These trees have made a big difference.”以及“With continuing efforts, the Mu Us Desert will be gone. Our motherland is becoming greener and lovelier.”可知，这里应该具体说明树带来的影响，选项C“沙尘天气的数量从2000年的100天下降到了现在的10天。”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 02 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）The sea is an important part of the earth. It’s home to many animals and plants, but it’s facing many problems today. One of the biggest problems is plastic pollution. Every year, 1 . This plastic pollution is harmful to sea creatures (生物), because they often mistake it for food. As a result, many sea creatures get sick or die. Another problem is the rising sea level. 2 , the ice is melting (融化) in the North and South poles, causing the sea levels to rise. This causes floods of the areas near the sea. 3 . It’s also harmful to sea life, as their home get destroyed. Overfishing is also a problem to the sea. People catch too many fish, faster than they can reproduce (繁殖). If we don’t stop, 4 . Overfishing does harm to not only the fish but also other animals that depend on them for food. To protect the sea, we need to do something. 5 . We can also learn about the sea and teach others why it’s important. Together, we can take care of the sea and make sure it’s safe for animals, plants, and people. We need to remember that the sea helps us, so we must also help the sea. A．Forests help protect the sea B．Because the earth is getting warmer C．there will be fewer fish in the future D．millions of tons of plastic end up in the sea E．We can do this by using less plastic F．The sea creatures are in great need of protection G．So lots of people living near the sea have to move 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋面临的问题，呼吁人们采取行动保护海洋。 1．根据“This plastic pollution is harmful to sea creatures (生物), because they often mistake it for food.”可知，此处是讲塑料污染的具体情况，选项D“数以百万计的塑料最终流入海洋”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“the ice is melting (融化) in the North and South poles, causing the sea levels to rise.”可知，是介绍海平面上升的原因，选项B“因为地球正在变暖”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“This causes floods of the areas near the sea.”可知，此处应是讲述海平面上升引发洪水带来的后果，选项G“因此，许多住在海边附近的人不得不搬家”符合语境。故选G。 4．根据“People catch too many fish, faster than they can reproduce (繁殖). If we don’t stop,”可知，空处应是介绍人们过度捕捞若不停止的结果，选项C“未来将会有更少的鱼”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“To protect the sea, we need to do something.”可知，此处是具体介绍保护海洋的措施，选项E“我们可以通过使用更少的塑料来做到这一点”符合语境。故选E。 四、语法填空 1.（2025·浙江丽水·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Lydia has found an amazing way to make her running more meaningful. She runs and picks up rubbish at the same time. This cool activity 1 (call) plogging”. It mixes running with collecting rubbish. Last June, she 2 (one) learned the idea of plogging on the Internet. As soon as she learned it, she wanted to give it a try. Lydia runs four or five times 3 week. Besides she takes her two cute dogs for a walk every day. Now she always takes several bags 4 (collect) rubbish when she goes out. 5 the past, she just ran without caring about the litter on the ground. Now, she realizes she 6 (waste) the last few years of her running life. She feels much 7 (good), now that she is doing plogging. “It only takes 8 (we) a short time to bend down and pick up a piece of rubbish. 9 this small action can make our community much cleaner and more beautiful. Now my husband does plogging, too,” Lydia says 10 (proud). “If doesn’t matter how much rubbish we pick up. It’s a good way to protect our earth.” 【答案】 1．is called 2．first 3．a 4．to collect 5．In 6．has wasted 7．better 8．us 9．But 10．proudly 【导语】本文主要讲述了Lydia通过“plogging”（跑步捡垃圾）让跑步变得更有意义的故事。 1．句意：这个酷炫的活动被称为“plogging”。主语“This cool activity”与动词“call”之间是被动关系，是被动语态be done；且描述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词用is，call的过去分词是called。故填is called。 2．句意：去年六月，她第一次在网上了解到“plogging”。此处表示“第一次”用序数词，表示顺序。故填first。 3．句意：Lydia每周跑步四五次。固定搭配“…times a week”表示频率。故填a。 4．句意：现在她出门时总会带几个袋子来捡垃圾。设空处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to collect。 5．句意：过去，她只是跑步，不关心地上的垃圾。固定搭配“in the past”表示“过去”。故填In。 6．句意：现在她意识到自己浪费了跑步生涯的最后几年。根据“the last few years”可知是用现在完成时have/has done，主语是she，助动词用has，waste的过去分词是wasted。故填has wasted。 7．句意：因为做plogging，她感觉好多了。much后应用比较级，表示比以前好多了。故填better。 8．句意：弯腰捡一片垃圾只需我们很短时间。动词“takes”后接宾语，用代词宾格。故填us。 9．句意：但这个小小的举动能让社区更干净美丽。根据“It only takes ... a short time to bend down and pick up a piece of rubbish.”和“this small action can make our community much cleaner and more beautiful.”可知，虽然花的时间少，但是能使社区更干净，前后句为转折关系，用连词“But”。故填But。 10．句意：Lydia自豪地说。修饰动词“says”用副词。故填proudly。 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged (出现) as a sustainable response 1 the challenge of creating green space in cities. This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers 2 (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and adding a touch of nature to urban environments. Rooftop farming, also 3 (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture (水汽), cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, 4 in turn lessens energy 5 (consume) and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, 6 (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of 7 (local) sourced food. As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement 8 promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce. When we look towards 9 future where environmental awareness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament (证明) to our ability to cultivate more than just food—we cultivate hope for a 10 (green) and more resilient world. 【答案】 1．to 2．are planted 3．referred 4．which 5．consumption 6．teaching 7．locally 8．and 9．a 10．greener 【导语】本文介绍了屋顶农业作为一种可持续的城市绿化方式的优势和意义。 1．句意：在城市化快速发展的时代，屋顶农业已经成为应对城市绿色空间挑战的可持续对策。response to表示“应对……”，固定搭配。故填to。 2．句意：这种创新的做法将屋顶变成了迷你农场，在那里种植蔬菜、水果，甚至鲜花，为当地居民提供新鲜的农产品，并为城市环境增添了一丝自然气息。主语“vegetables, fruits, and even flowers”与plant是被动关系，此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are planted。 3．句意：屋顶农业，也被称为垂直农业，不仅仅是一种趋势；这是迈向环境保护的一步。分析句子结构可知，空格处是非谓语动词，逻辑主语rooftop farming与refer构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填referred。 4．句意：有植被的绿色屋顶有助于吸收阳光和释放水分，冷却空气，减少对空调的需求，从而减少能源消耗和碳排放。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 5．句意：有植被的绿色屋顶有助于吸收阳光和释放水分，冷却空气，减少对空调的需求，从而减少能源消耗和碳排放。分析句子结构可知，空格处是名词，与carbon emission并列，作lessens的宾语，所以应用consume的名词形式consumption。故填consumption。 6．句意：与此同时，屋顶农业作为教育平台，向城市居民传授可持续农业实践和本地采购食物的重要性。分析句子结构可知，空格处是非谓语动词，逻辑主语rooftop farms与teach构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填teaching。 7．句意：与此同时，屋顶农业作为教育平台，向城市居民传授可持续农业实践和本地采购食物的重要性。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰形容词sourced，应该用副词。故填locally。 8．句意：随着城市人口的不断增长，屋顶农业通过提供新鲜有机农产品，促进了社区参与，促进了更健康的生活方式。分析句子结构可知，空格处是连词，连接两个并列的谓语动词fosters和promotes，表示递进关系，所以应用and。故填and。 9．句意：当我们展望未来，环保意识和可持续实践变得越来越重要时，屋顶农业证明了我们不仅有能力种植食物——我们还培养了一个更绿色、更有弹性的世界的希望。分析句子结构可知，此处泛指一个未来，future是以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．句意：当我们展望未来，环保意识和可持续实践变得越来越重要时，屋顶农业证明了我们不仅有能力种植食物——我们还培养了一个更绿色、更有弹性的世界的希望。分析句子结构可知，空格处是形容词比较级，与more resilient并列，共同修饰名词world，表示“更绿色的”，所以应用green的比较级形式greener。故填greener。 五、书面表达 1．（2025·湖南郴州·二模）学校将开展以“Small Actions, Big Changes”为主题的英语演讲比赛。假定你是李华，将代表你所在班级参赛，请根据图片提示，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： (1) 介绍你们所看到的环境问题； (2) 针对以上问题，谈谈你们的环保行动建议。 注意： (1) 文中不得出现真实人名和校名； (2) 80词左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Ladies and gentlemen, I’m Li Hua from Class One. The topic of my speech is “Small Actions, Big Changes”. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for your listening! 【答案】One possible version Ladies and gentlemen, I’m Li Hua from Class One. The topic of my speech is “Small Actions, Big Changes”. As we all know, there are many environmental problems in our daily life. People throw away rubbish everywhere. Many trees are cut down in the forest. Besides, many of us leave lights on all day, wasting a lot of electricity. To change this situation, we should take some actions. We can clean up the community park and pick up the rubbish. We should plant more trees to make our environment greener. And we are supposed to turn off lights when we leave rooms. These small steps will reduce pollution, help animals and save energy. Small actions make a big difference! Let’s protect our environment together! That’s all. Thank you for your listening! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当添加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作目的。开头已给出； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“重要性、如何做、呼吁大家”三个角度详细叙述； 第三步，书写结语。结语已给出。 [亮点词汇] ①in our daily life在我们的日常生活中 ②throw away丢弃 ③pick up捡起 [高分句型] ① And we are supposed to turn off lights when we leave rooms.（when引导的时间状语从句） ② Let’s protect our environment together!（祈使句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 话题05 自然生态与环境保护 （完形填空1+阅读理解4+阅读还原2+语法填空2+书面表达1） 序号 题型 内容 难度 1 完形填空 讲述15岁的Alex发起社区塑料回收项目，从最初面临困难到最终成功带动环保风潮的故事。 适中 2 阅读理解A 本文主要通过Trish的个人经历和行动，展示了观鸟活动如何成为连接人类与自然的桥梁，并强调了环境保护和自然教育的重要性。 适中 3 阅读理解B 主要讲述了水资源回收利用的相关内容，介绍了一些地区和社区在废水再利用方面的尝试，以及对未来水资源管理的展望。 较难 4 阅读理解C 文章主要介绍了湿地的定义、重要性、面临的威胁以及保护湿地的措施，呼吁人们共同努力保护湿地这一重要的生态系统。 较难 5 阅读理解D 主要阐述全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象致中国气温异常升高及其对自然、农业、健康等方面的影响，并提及2025年气温持续偏高趋势及专家应对建议。 较难 6 七选五01 介绍了中国西北部的毛乌素沙漠正在消失的情况。 适中 7 七选五02 讲述了海洋面临的问题，呼吁人们采取行动保护海洋。 适中 8 语法填空01 讲述了Lydia通过“plogging”（跑步捡垃圾）让跑步变得更有意义的故事。 适中 9 语法填空02 介绍了屋顶农业作为一种可持续的城市绿化方式的优势和意义。 较难 10 书面表达 学校将开展以“Small Actions, Big Changes”为主题的英语演讲比赛。假定你是李华，将代表你所在班级参赛，请根据图片提示，写一篇演讲稿。 适中 一、完形填空 （2025·广东梅州·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Alex, a 15-year-old student, recently started a special 1 in his community. He saw plastic waste gathering near the river and wanted to help. At first, the task seemed 2 because he had no experience in environmental protection. However, he didn’t 3 trying. He began by researching recycling methods online. To his surprise, he discovered that some plastics could be 4 into useful items like flower pots. With this knowledge, Alex organized a weekend clean-up event. Many classmates 5 him after hearing his exciting talk. The team collected over 200 kilograms of plastic. Their next challenge was to find a way to 6 these materials creatively. After several failed tries, Alex 7 designed a machine that could melt（熔化）plastic safely. The machine, though simple, worked perfectly! Local newspapers 8 their story, and soon more volunteers joined. Alex learned that keeping trying and working with others could make a big 9 . “Everyone can help to protect the Earth,” he said. His project not only cleaned the river but also 10 a new recycling fashion in the city. 1．A．project B．hobby C．journey D．test 2．A．impossible B．exciting C．boring D．comfortable 3．A．enjoy B．finish C．imagine D．stop 4．A．thrown B．divided C．changed D．explained 5．A．refused B．supported C．warned D．replaced 6．A．hide B．sell C．reuse D．burn 7．A．suddenly B．finally C．secretly D．normally 8．A．wrote about B．gave up C．turned down D．put off 9．A．mistake B．difference C．promise D．suggestion 10．A．broke B．followed C．forgot D．started 2、 阅读理解 A （2025·辽宁·模拟预测）In 2005, a terrible hurricane (飓风) hit Trish’s hometown and she had to face the loss of her home. In watching cardinals and other birds, she found peace in her heart. Soon, Trish started bringing her students along. “My students stared at me in disbelief (不相信) when I told them I’d never cared about birds before.” Trish wrote in her book Birding to Change the World, “suddenly wondered how many creatures would die because of the way we lived.” It was then that she decided to work on environmental protection. Most of the book focuses on Trish’s efforts to protect Warner Park, a great location for birding. Her action snowballed into a local bird watching and protecting organization. This finally became part of Trish’s doctoral research, along with a birding class pairing middle school students with college-student advisors (指导教师). The book tells readers that a good knowledge of nature doesn’t require a degree. Jeremy, a seemingly (看似) uninterested boy in Trish’s birding class. During a field trip, the quiet boy started talking excitedly about the bunting, a small blue bird he’d secretly studied the field guide given by his advisor. Birding to Change the World shows how people and birds today depend on one another. “For thousands of years, we have seen birds as a symbol of liberation (解放).” Trish wrote, “In my case, it is liberation from the sadness that the hurricane brought. Bird by bird, they open up a new joyful pathway in my life.” 1．What finally caused Trish to work on environmental protection? A．Bad effects of people’s lifestyle. B．Writing a new book about nature. C．The terrible hurricane in her hometown. D．Her students’ disbelief for her suggestion. 2．What does the underlined word “snowballed” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Developed. B．Failed. C．Froze. D．Influenced. 3．What does the writer want to express by mentioning Jeremy? A．Field trips should be organized more. B．Students can become interested in birds. C．A good advisor is important for students. D．Almost everyone can learn about nature well. 4．What can we know from Trish’s words in the last paragraph? A．Birds prevent future disasters. B．Birds can free her from sadness. C．Birds increased in her hometown. D．Birds made her forget the hurricane. B （2025·重庆大渡口·二模）①Have you ever read Dune (沙丘) or watched the films? On the desert planet Arrakis, people wear specially designed suits. These suits collect sweat (汗) and urine (尿) and change them into clean drinking water. This may sound like magic, but some places short of water in the world are already recycling wastewater in similar ways. Astronauts in space depend on recycled water, too. ②But what about us? “We don’t live in space or on a desert planet,” you might say. “Why would we ever need to turn our sweat and urine into drinking water? That’s yucky!” ③Well, we might not start by recycling wastewater for drinking, but we can recycle it for other uses. Let’s think about flushing toilets, for example. Every day, huge amounts of clean fresh water are used to wash away human waste. This doesn’t seem like the wisest use of our limited fresh water, does it? ④Some people are already rethinking such practices. They are looking for smarter ways to use water. ⑤I recently visited Jenfelder Au, a new neighborhood in Hamburg, Germany, with an experimental wastewater reuse project. Traditionally, water runs into a city from outside, and wastewater is sent back to treatment plants (处理厂) far away. This new system separates wastewater into three streams to be reused locally. ⑥Rainwater is collected to water the gardens. “Gray water” from kitchen and bathroom sinks is used to clean toilets. And “black water” from toilets is sent to a local treatment plant to be turned into biogas (3°C). The system reduces water use by 30 percent and produces electricity for hundreds of homes. ⑦Perhaps all new neighborhoods around the world could follow Jenfelder Au’s example. The big challenge lies with old houses. It’s hard and expensive to exchange their pipes and systems. ⑧Still, Dr. Upmann Lall, a water treatment expert from the U. S., is hopeful. “It happened with lighting. Most homes and cities have updated to LED,” he said. “We improve our homes and cities every 10 to 15 years. We can make use of this cycle and encourage people to try new water technologies. Over time, more and more people will start using water wisely. More and more water will be saved.” 1．What does the underlined word “practice” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．A type of tool or device. B．An idea or thought. C．A method or way of doing something. D．A formal rule or guideline. 2．How does the water management system in Jenfelder Au community work? A．Only uses rainwater. B．Separates wastewater into three streams. C．Sends all water to far treatment. D．Does not use any treatment methods. 3．What does Dr. Upmann Lall think about the future of water resource management? A．He thinks it will be hard. B．He believes it will get better. C．He is not interested in it. D．He thinks nothing needs to change. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． C（2025·福建厦门·二模） Wetlands are land areas covered by water most of the time. This can either be fresh water, salty water or mixed water. They form naturally or are made by humans when water collects and cannot run off. Wetlands are on almost every continent (大洲). Wetlands are really important. They are home to about 100,000 kinds of animals, and 40% of the world’s plants and animals depend on wetlands to live. Wetlands also help fight climate change by taking in lots of carbon (碳) to reduce CO2 in the air. During heavy rains, they take in water to reduce flooding, and in dry seasons, they slowly let stored water go to help fight droughts (干旱). Over 1 billion people live on wetlands for jobs like fishing, rice farming, and tourism. In fact, food grown in wetlands feeds more than half of the world’s population. However, wetlands are disappearing fast. Since 1970, more than 33% of wetlands have been lost. Wastes from people’s daily life and factory production harm these areas. Dams (水坝) stop rivers and this shrinks wetlands. Invasive species (入侵物种) also cause problems. Some plants grow quickly, pushing out local species and harming fish by reducing O2. Protecting wetlands requires global action. In 1971, 172 countries signed the Convention on Wetlands to protect these ecosystems. For example, in 2020, China’s wetland protection rate was 52.7%, with a planned increase of 2.4% every five years. And the UK plans to create and restore 1,000 km² of wetlands by 2050. It isn’t just governments’ responsibility to protect wetlands. Everyone can help. Simple actions like planting native (本土的) trees near rivers, or joining clean-up activities make a difference. By valuing wetlands and working together, we can protect these important ecosystems for our planet’s future. 1．Wetlands ________. A．are only covered by fresh water B．aren’t created by humans C．can help fight climate change D．can’t be used to grow rice 2．What does the underlined word “shrinks” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Puts down. B．Cuts down. C．Cleans up. D．Builds up. 3．Which following action can protect wetlands? A．Reducing polluted water. B．Building more dams. C．Growing foreign plants. D．Protecting all species. 4．Which picture correctly shows China’s planned wetland protection rate by 2025? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer want to tell us in the last two paragraphs? A．What and where are wetlands? B．What problems do wetlands face? C．Why are wetlands important? D．How can wetlands be protected? D （2025·广东惠州·模拟预测） 2025 Could Be the Hottest Year in History Data (数据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records. Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Niño phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象) —the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3 meters over time, putting coastal areas in danger. Higher temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests (害虫). Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases. Illnesses related to heat, like heatstroke (热射病), is becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and ways to prevent harm. The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. On New Year’s Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15℃, far from the cold usually expected in winter. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By sharing experts’ opinion. B．By showing official data. C．By giving examples of extreme weather. D．By telling a personal story. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．What global warming is. B．What extreme weather is. C．What causes China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. D．What the El Niño phenomenon is. 3．What does the word “temporarily” mean? A．In a special period. B．For a short time. C．At the same time. D．For a long time. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph? A．China will experience a colder-than-usual winter in 2025. B．On New Year’s Day, temperatures all over China were over 15℃. C．Global warming has no influence on nature. D．High-tech products may deal with problems caused by the rising temperatures. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To guess the exact temperature of 2025. B．To explain the causes and effects of rising temperatures. C．To point out that people don’t do enough to fight climate change. D．To compare the weather in different parts of China. 3、 七选五 Passage 1 （2025·陕西咸阳·二模）While studying a map of China, have you ever noticed the Mu Us Desert (毛乌索沙地) in the northwest? If you haven’t, then you probably never will. 1 You might wonder: Why is this happening? Who is the “killer”? Well, this is not a murder (谋杀) story. It is, instead, the result of years of efforts of tree planting. 2 Sandstorms were common in northern Shaanxi. Lots of people had to leave their homes. The fight against desertification (沙漠化) began in the 1970s. The work was more than tiring. Shi Guangyin led a team in Bulanghe to plant trees, a town in Yulin, Shaanxi. 3 That night, however, a strong wind blew away all the young trees. Crying was useless. The next day, the team replanted all the trees. 4 One of them is Guo Chengwang. With encouragement from the government, in 1985, he started to plant trees in his village. Guo is now in his nineties. His children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren have continued the job. The family has turned 30 square kilometers of desert into woods. These trees have made a big difference. In Yulin, 5 With continuing efforts, the Mu Us Desert will be gone. Our motherland is becoming greener and lovelier. A．They once spent the whole afternoon planting trees under a burning sun. B．the number of sandy days has increased a lot since then. C．the number of sandy days has dropped from 100 in 2000 to 10 now. D．The Mu Us used to be one of the largest deserts in China. E．There used to be few sandstorms in northern Shaanxi. F．That’s because the desert is becoming smaller and smaller. G．In Yulin, there are many other sandstorm fighters. Passage 02 （2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）The sea is an important part of the earth. It’s home to many animals and plants, but it’s facing many problems today. One of the biggest problems is plastic pollution. Every year, 1 . This plastic pollution is harmful to sea creatures (生物), because they often mistake it for food. As a result, many sea creatures get sick or die. Another problem is the rising sea level. 2 , the ice is melting (融化) in the North and South poles, causing the sea levels to rise. This causes floods of the areas near the sea. 3 . It’s also harmful to sea life, as their home get destroyed. Overfishing is also a problem to the sea. People catch too many fish, faster than they can reproduce (繁殖). If we don’t stop, 4 . Overfishing does harm to not only the fish but also other animals that depend on them for food. To protect the sea, we need to do something. 5 . We can also learn about the sea and teach others why it’s important. Together, we can take care of the sea and make sure it’s safe for animals, plants, and people. We need to remember that the sea helps us, so we must also help the sea. A．Forests help protect the sea B．Because the earth is getting warmer C．there will be fewer fish in the future D．millions of tons of plastic end up in the sea E．We can do this by using less plastic F．The sea creatures are in great need of protection G．So lots of people living near the sea have to move 四、语法填空 1.（2025·浙江丽水·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Lydia has found an amazing way to make her running more meaningful. She runs and picks up rubbish at the same time. This cool activity 1 (call) plogging”. It mixes running with collecting rubbish. Last June, she 2 (one) learned the idea of plogging on the Internet. As soon as she learned it, she wanted to give it a try. Lydia runs four or five times 3 week. Besides she takes her two cute dogs for a walk every day. Now she always takes several bags 4 (collect) rubbish when she goes out. 5 the past, she just ran without caring about the litter on the ground. Now, she realizes she 6 (waste) the last few years of her running life. She feels much 7 (good), now that she is doing plogging. “It only takes 8 (we) a short time to bend down and pick up a piece of rubbish. 9 this small action can make our community much cleaner and more beautiful. Now my husband does plogging, too,” Lydia says 10 (proud). “If doesn’t matter how much rubbish we pick up. It’s a good way to protect our earth.” 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged (出现) as a sustainable response 1 the challenge of creating green space in cities. This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers 2 (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and adding a touch of nature to urban environments. Rooftop farming, also 3 (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture (水汽), cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, 4 in turn lessens energy 5 (consume) and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, 6 (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of 7 (local) sourced food. As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement 8 promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce. When we look towards 9 future where environmental awareness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament (证明) to our ability to cultivate more than just food—we cultivate hope for a 10 (green) and more resilient world. 五、书面表达 1．（2025·湖南郴州·二模）学校将开展以“Small Actions, Big Changes”为主题的英语演讲比赛。假定你是李华，将代表你所在班级参赛，请根据图片提示，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： (1) 介绍你们所看到的环境问题； (2) 针对以上问题，谈谈你们的环保行动建议。 注意： (1) 文中不得出现真实人名和校名； (2) 80词左右 (开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Ladies and gentlemen, I’m Li Hua from Class One. The topic of my speech is “Small Actions, Big Changes”. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for your listening! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$