Unit 1 课时3 语法-【宝典训练】2024-2025学年八年级下册英语高效课堂（沪教牛津版 广州深圳沈阳通用）

典练 英语·八年级·下册(牛津版) :课时3语法 课时笔记 动词不定式 1.动词不定式的基本形式:to+动词原形;否定式:notto+动词原形。 2.动词不定式在句中的作用: (1)作主语。如:To see is tobelieve. 眼见为实。 (2)作表语。如:He seems tobe veryrich. 他似乎很有钱。 (3)作宾语。如:Shepromisedtocome.她答应会来。 (4)作宾补。如:What doyouwant me to do?你想要我做什么? (5)作定语。如:I have some homeworkto do. 我有一些作业要做 (6)作状语。如:Hecametoborrowsomemoney. 他来借钱。(表示目的) Gladtomeetyou.很高兴见到你。(表示原因) 3. 习惯接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:agree,ask,choose,decide,expect,hope,learn,offer,plan promise,want, wish,would like等。如: ①She hopes to study in America in the future. 她希望将来去美国留学。 ②I want to buy a new camera. 我想买个新相机。 4.“疑问词+todo”结构,相当于相应的从句。如: ①I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. 我不知道该怎么办。 ②/They are learning how to help disabled people. = They are learning how they can help disabled people 他们正在学习如何帮助残疾人。 5.常用于“动词+宾语+todo”结构的动词有:advise,allow,ask,encourage,help,invite,order teach,tell,want,wish等。如: ①My parents don't allow me to go out at night. 我爸妈不许我晚上外出。 ②/The teacher told us to write down the words. 老师叫我们把这些单词写下来 6.动词不定式省略“to”的情况 (1)在let,make等使役动词后作宾语补足语时省略to。如: ①Don't let your child play with fire. 别让你的小孩玩火。 ②I can make the machine run. 我能让机器动起来。 (2)在动词help后作宾语或宾补时可以用to,也可以省略to。如: ①Can you help(to)carry this heavy box?你可以帮忙搬这个重箱子吗? ②I can help you (to) do the homework.我可以帮你做作业 (3)在see,hear等感官动词后作宾补时省略to。如: ①I saw her enter the hospital. 我看见她进了这家医院。 ②We often hear her sing this song. 我们经常听到她唱这首歌。 注意:当以上几种动词用于被动语态时,to不可省略。如: ①The machine was made to run quickly. 机器被弄得快速运转。 ②We were helped by the teacher to do the work. 我们在老师的帮助下做这项工作。 ③He was seen to fall from the tree. 有人看到他从树上掉下来。 10 。. Unit 1 Helping those in need 课堂1分钟 单项选择 _ )1. Boys and girls, good luck and wish you good grades on your new journey! A. cutting C. getting B. to cut D. to get ,_ )2. If you want your pronunciation, keep on practising every day. A. improve B. improved C. improving D. to improve ,_ )3. David learnt when he was five. C. swam A. swim B. swims D. to swim _ )4. Today is Father's Day, and I plan a dinner for my father. B. preparing C. prepared A. to prepare D. prepare ,_ )5.-What are you going to do this summer vacation? -I plan Hua Hua, a nearly 3-year-old lovely panda in Chengdu C. seeing A. see B. saw D. to see _ )6.-The Lifelong Journey is one of the most touching books I have ever read -Yeah, the book is fantastic and I am looking forward to _it again. A. that; reading C. that: to read B. which: to read D./; read ,_ )7. The teachers used to key points on the blackboard. but now they are getting used to them through PPTs. A. write; showing B. writing; show C. write: show D. writing; showed ,_ )8.-Mike, we are told not the phone while crossing the street. -I am sorry. I won't do it again. A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered __ )9. Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared the STEAM Club B. joining A.join C.tojoin D. to joining ,_ )10. Many people enjoy zongzi by themselves on the Dragon Boat Festival. A. making B.made C. to make D. make 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. I can't get so good grades ( with) your help. Thanks for your help. 2. My teacher advises me (study) for the final exams. 3. I feel very lucky (have) her as my English teacher 4. I will try (finish) my homework before dinner 5. What about (offer) some school things to the children in poor areas? 典训练英语·八年级·下册(牛津版) 6. The mother sang a beautiful song to make her baby (sleep). 7. Colours can change our moods and make us (feel) happy or sad, energetic or sleepy. 8. My best friend Mary often makes me (laugh). 9. Would you like (go) with me? 10. He chose (join) the dancing show. e语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people think fire is dangerous, but fire is important to the Yi ethnic group(彝族). Cheering, 1. (dance) and singing, people had fun around the fire during the Torch(火把) Festival of the Yi People in Bijie, Guizhou, on Aug. 12th. The Yi ethnic group across South-West China 2. (traditional) celebrates the festival every year. During the festival, the Yi people and 3. (visit) light torches and sing and dance together. The Yi people have looked up to fire 1 a long time. The early Yi people 5. (live) in high and cold places in the mountains a long time ago. Fire was very important for 6. ( they) to light, warm and cook food. There was a popular (say),"Everything you eat must see fire." For example, before 8. (take) animal meat into home, people used to light a small fire outside the door and put the meat over the fire They thought they could drive away something 9 (dirt). The festival is more of a social event today. During the festival. both people of the Yi ethnic group and visitors come together. They show and spread their happiness. The Yi people also get more people 10. (understand) their life and traditions. 12null