精品解析：江苏省马坝高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

2024-2025 学年度第二学期高二年级期中考试 英语 2025.4 考试时间：120 分钟 总分：150 分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman occupy herself in doing? A. Taking dance classes. B. Finishing reports. C. Preparing for a long race. 2. What does the man think of his job? A. It’s enjoyable. B. It’s boring. C. It’s worrying. 3. What is the woman mainly doing? A. Sharing experience in checking price labels. B. Giving tips on washing clothes properly. C. Praising the man’s laundry service. 4. Who might Sarah be? A. An HR director. B. A saleswoman. C. An accountant. 5. How did the man go to work today? A. On foot. B. By subway. C. By car. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. Why is the woman unwilling to get an electronic lock? A. It is too expensive. B. She might forget the password. C. It may have some technical problems. 7. What does the man suggest doing? A. Picking a well-recognized brand. B. Carrying a spare traditional key. C. Downloading an app to their smartphones. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What has impressed Lisa most about her dormitory life? A. Having discussions on courses. B. Watching late-night movies. C. Taking part in DIY projects. 9. What has Lisa learned from her dormitory life? A. Calmness. B. Independence. C. Responsibility. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What subject does the man teach? A. World history. B. Literature. C. Science. 11. What does the man think can better help students engage in preservation? A. Holding some competitions. B. Organizing field trips to museums. C. Encouraging them to do volunteer work. 12. What is the point of preserving cultural heritage according to the woman? A. It teaches people about diversity. B. It connects people to their roots. C. It positively influences the future. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What is the man’s first piece of advice for the woman? A. Setting off at her own speed. B. Wearing a helmet at all times. C. Exploring different routes. 14. Where does the man normally go cycling? A. Along the coast. B. In the nearby park. C. In the mountains. 15. What is the longest distance the man has cycled? A. 50 kilometers. B. 100 kilometers. C. 150 kilometers. 16. Why does the man enjoy group rides? A. They help break his cycling record. B. They give him a sense of belonging. C. They usually involve intense competition. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What was mentioned in the open letter? A. The concern about AI affecting human creativity in writing. B. The role of science fiction in influencing AI development. C. The potential benefits of AI in the field of writing. 18. What is the main topic of the book HUM? A. A fact-checking program with the power to change facts. B. A poet who agrees to work with an AI poetry company. C. A wife and mother who is out of work due to AI. 19. Who is Ryan Doherty? A. A government worker. B. A doctor. C. A director. 20. Which work was created with the help of AI? A. Sike. B. Death of an Author. C. In Our Likeness. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Failure isn’t the end, unless you let it be. Don’t believe me? Here are four people who lived through failure before going on to become names known around the world. Walt Disney Disney began his career by being fired by a newspaper for not being creative enough. Later, his Mickey Mouse cartoons were rejected because they were considered to be “too scary for women”. Also, The Three Little Pigs was turned down because it only had four characters. Thankfully, we have the Disney Company today because Disney chose not to listen to any of his critics and press forward towards his dreams. Stephen King King is a best-selling writer whose work has been made into several motion pictures. However, his first work was rejected 30 times, which led to King throwing it in the trash. Thankfully, his wife persuaded him to keep working at it, and—from that poor start—Carrie was born. Milton Hershey The man who blessed us with the sweet milk chocolate treat we all love wasn’t a hit the first time around. He once worked for a local candy factory. But when he went out on his own, he failed miserably. Then he returned to the family farm and perfected the art of making delicious milk chocolate candy, which we enjoy today. Theodor Geisel This author struggled to write a novel that publishing companies would call “pure rubbish” several times — 27 to be exact. The man just wouldn’t quit, though. One fateful night, he ran into an old friend who was a children’s literature editor. The friend agreed to publish Geisel’s work. Better known today as Dr. Seuss, Geisel was never again called a failure after his first book became a hit. 1. Why is the Disney Company known to us nowadays? A. Disney was rejected many times. B. Disney improved his works later. C. Disney got fired and began his career. D. Disney ignored critics and fought for his dreams. 2. What is Milton Hershey famous for today? A. His big family farm. B. His successful art career. C. His delicious milk chocolate candy. D. His experience in making milk chocolate. 3. What do the people mentioned have in common? A. They have a gift for making money. B. They suffered several defeats on the path to success. C. They are creative and highly educated. D. They were successful at the very start. B A bunch of strangers showed up at the gym in the early morning of the last Sunday of April. A few athletes were already stretching (拉伸) their arms, but most of us could hardly focus. As I was burning off last night’s wrong decision — a big meal, I saw a poster about a gym’s 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up. I always wanted to train for a marathon, so I considered this as my warm-up. Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change. It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommended exercise routines and diet restrictions (限制) wouldn’t be easy. I stuck to working out 30 minutes a day, and I didn’t disturb (干扰) my normal routine. Instead, I had to be faced with the tough work of being more creative in my spare time, thus breaking some bad habits. Overcoming weaknesses with willpower was my goal for the next part of the journey. But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that “wanting” and “doing” are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that’s hard. Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out. At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: Feeling the results is better than seeing them. I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter as I researched which foods were better for my body, and learned how to make healthier meals. I felt a sense of achievement, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn’t. I felt my waist got a little bit smaller and my arms got even stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink. 4. What can be inferred about the author’s previous state before signing up for the challenge? A. He was a regular gym-goer with a strict diet. B. He was physically fit but lacked drive. C. He was an athlete preparing for a major competition. D. He had an unhealthy lifestyle and needed a change. 5. What was the most difficult part of the challenge for the author? A. Physical tiredness from the workouts. B. Refusing the invitation of junk food. C. Overcoming negative thought and self-doubt. D. Adjusting to the new diet plan. 6. What does the underlined word “sabotage” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Promote. B. Prevent. C. Improve. D. Support. 7. Which of the following words can best describe the author? A. Adventurous and impatient B. Determined and strong-willed C. Active and casual D. Inspiring and changeable C A recent study from the Food and Mood Centre at Deakin University in Australia has cast light on an alternative approach to managing mild to moderate depression. The research suggests that lifestyle therapy, which includes nutritional consulting and regular physical activity, can be as effective as traditional psychotherapy (心理疗法) in reducing depressive symptoms. In this study, 182 individuals diagnosed with non-severe depression were randomly assigned to either lifestyle therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The lifestyle therapy group received guidance from a dietitian and an exercise physiologist. These professionals provided evidence-based advice on improving nutrition, particularly through a modified Mediterranean (地中海) diet, and including regular physical exercise into daily routine. Meanwhile, the CBT group was led by psychologists who taught strategies to manage negative thoughts and behaviors, and were provided with workbooks and self-help tools. Both therapies were structured to match in frequency, duration, environment, and group size, ensuring a fair comparison. The results were promising: the lifestyle therapy group reported a 42% reduction in depression symptoms, whereas those who had traditional psychotherapy experienced a 37% reduction. Although the study’s sample size was small, indicating the need for further research, it underlines the importance of lifestyle changes in medicine. The researchers point out that while lifestyle changes are the cornerstone of other areas of medicine, such as heart diseases and diabetes, they have traditionally been seen as ‘add-on’ to mental health care. The study’ s findings suggest that this mindset may need to shift. Importantly, the research does not say that lifestyle changes should replace professional mental health care. Instead, it recommends a comprehensive approach where both lifestyle therapy and traditional psychotherapy are available options. This would allow individuals to access the care that best suits their needs, potentially offering more effective treatment for those fighting with mild to moderate depression. 8. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The significance of the research. B. The consequence of the research. C. The performance of different subjects. D. The process of conducting the research. 9. What does the underlined word “cornerstone” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. A side factor. B. An optional part. C. A fundamental element. D. A controversial method. 10. What is the suggestion of the research? A. Improve traditional psychotherapy. B. Include lifestyle changes as an option. C. Stick to the Mediterranean diet strictly. D. Replace psychotherapy with lifestyle changes. 11. In which column of a magazine might this text be found? A. Fitness routines. B. Health & wellness. C. Food adventures. D. Entertainment express. D Cheese and red wine are basic diets over the festive period, and if you love red wine and cheese, a new study will come as music to your ears. Researchers from Iowa State University have found that drinking red wine and eating cheese can help to reduce cognitive (认知的) decline. In the study, the researchers analyzed data from 1,787 adults aged 46 to 77, and asked them to complete questionnaires about their food and alcohol consumption (摄取). The results showed that cheese was the most protective food against age-related cognitive problems, even into late life. Daily consumption of red wine was also shown to improve cognitive function, while weekly consumption of lamb was shown to improve long-term cognitive skills. However, over-consumption of salt was found to increase the risk of cognitive decline. Dr. Auriel Willette, who led the study, said: “I was pleasantly surprised that our results suggest that appropriately (合适地) eating cheese and drinking red wine daily are not just good for helping us cope with some diseases, but perhaps also dealing with an increasingly complex world. Although we considered whether this was just due to what rich people eat and drink, clinical trials (临床试验) at random are needed to determine if making easy changes in our diet could help our brains in great ways.” While the reason for the link remains unclear, the researchers believe that cheese and red wine may protect some people from the effects of Alzheimer’s (阿尔茨海默病). Brandon Klinedinst, an author of the study, added: “Depending on the genetic factors you carry, some individuals seem to be more protected from the effects of Alzheimer’s, while others seem to beat greater risk. Perhaps the silver bullet we’re looking for is improving how we eat. Knowing what that involves contributes to a better understanding of Alzheimer’s and putting this disease in an opposite path.” 12. Which of the following increases the risk of cognitive problems? A. Taking in too much salt. B. Eating cheese properly. C. Drinking red wine daily. D. Consuming lamb weekly. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A Changes in our diet help our brains in significant ways. B. The diets of wealthy people were not taken into consideration. C. The study results need to be proved by more clinical trials. D. Some diseases make our world increasingly complex. 14. What does Brandon Klinedinst suggest on fighting Alzheimer’s disease? A. Developing advanced genetic treatments. B. Focusing on improving dietary habits. C. Increasing clinical trials for new drugs. D. Studying the diets of wealthy populations. 15. What is the study mainly about? A. Basic diets over the festive period. B. Possible reasons for cognitive decline. C. Feelings of pleasant music to people’s ears. D. Effects of certain diets on cognitive decline. 第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a complex and challenging world, wisdom, undoubtedly, is a valuable asset (资产). It is more than just a quality; it is a rich mix of experience, knowledge, and judgment. ____16____ Here are some ways to gain wisdom. Firstly, try experiencing new chances. Variety is the spice (调料) of life. You will never grow unless you step out of your comfort zone. Staying where you are won’t lead to growth. ____17____ Changing your daily life can open doors to new experiences and wisdom. Secondly, open yourself to different opinions. It is typical of human beings to have biases (偏见) but we need to set them aside most of the time. We need to be more open to different views, which will open up new ways for us. Always observe the world in an accepting way, and you will see new scenery. Train your mind to be open to others’ ideas. ____18____ ____19____ Learning is an endless process. Therefore, one should tries his best to enrich their knowledge. Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the internet and clear out your problems. These activities improve critical-thinking skills, enabling you to deal with problems from various views. As we build up wisdom we are able to solve life’s difficulties. ____20____ It enables us to meet the challenges of the modern world and take control of our lives. A. It’s never too late to learn. B. Never shy away from learning. C. Wisdom can be developed with strategies. D. Wisdom is like a compass guiding us through life. E. If you listen to different voices, you will always get to experience something new. F. Instead, you can explore new skills or visit places you’ve always dreamed of. G. By doing so we can better understand the world and make wiser decisions. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It all began on May 13 when the brakes (刹车) slammed (紧急制动). Students told BBC News that they were “terrified and ____21____” by the sudden motion. Then, they ____22____ and saw what was going on. The bus driver was unconscious (失去意识) — and seventh grader Dillon Reeves had grabbed the steering wheel. Security camera showed that Dillon had noticed the driver having a medical ____23____, causing the bus to make a turn. The boy immediately sprang from his seat, took the wheel, and ____24____ the brakes, gaining control of the situation and ____25____ the driver and his passengers. “I just knew what to do in that ____26____,” Dillon said. “The bus was turning off the road.” One student who had been on the bus ____27____ Dillon with saving the “entire bus” with his “quick actions and thinking”, and by “being ____28____”. Warren Consolidated Schools said in a news release that doctors ____29____ quickly and treated the driver. The students were placed on another school bus and _____30_____ home. How had Dillon been the only one to notice what was going on? While other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music, or _____31_____ focused on their electronics, Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him or _____32_____ his situational awareness. “What else are you going to do when you don’t _____33_____ a cell phone?” Steve Reeves asked. “You’re going to look at people. You’re going to _____34_____ stuff. You’re going to look out of the window. Maybe it is a very powerful _____35_____ — a change-the-world kind.” 21. A. annoyed B. shocked C. delighted D. satisfied 22. A. looked back B. looked down C. looked up D. looked out 23. A. emergency B. treatment C. service D. research 24. A. figured B. stuck C. sought D. hit 25. A. cheating B. losing C. collecting D. saving 26. A. generation B. instant C. chance D. atmosphere 27. A. applauded B. appointed C. exchanged D. replaced 28. A. grateful B. romantic C. brave D. energetic 29. A. indicated B. argued C. responded D. discovered 30. A. transported B. decorated C. settled D. spotted 31. A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. eventually 32. A. limit B. raise C. preserve D. prove 33. A. permit B. bet C. pursue D. own 34. A. absorb B. notice C. defend D. update 35. A. lesson B. expression C. secret D. deal 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Young people around the world have volunteered ____36____ (help) others in need using their time, energy, knowledge, and skills. For example, Joris, a 10-year-old boy in Seattle, has helped to protect cheetahs____37____ the threat of extinction by raising more than $14,000. ____38____ (donate) all the money he has raised, he makes his own contributions to wildlife conservation. In the last two years, Jack, together with his 14-year-old twin brother,____39____ (launch) a database to connect children with volunteer opportunities such as working for animal shelters and urban farming groups.____40____ boy, Jackson, is determined to fight against plastic pollution. A campaign ____41____ (lead) by him to promote the use of recyclable water bottles plays a part in local environmental protection. He also urges the local restaurant to sell more paper water bottles. Xiao Meng, a 20-year-old volunteer tour guide in the Palace Museum, spent three months hanging around the Forbidden City ____42____ she could remember every detail of the Palace Museum, ____43____ sounds absolutely incredible. There is no denying that we should show respect for ____44____ these young volunteers have done for our world. By doing these meaningful volunteering, young people can successfully avoid getting_____45_____ (annoy) at small things in life and focus on what is truly important. 第四部分 基础与写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 单句语法(满分 15 分) 46. When you ________ (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago.(所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Apart from personal development, ___________(assume) responsibility for your action is also important for the betterment of society. (所给词适当形式填空) 48. They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if ________ (accompany) by a gentle smile. （所给词的适当形式填空） 49. In ________ (respond), the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. However, ________ (earn) a living is by no means the only reason why we work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. In order to better adapt ________ (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The ability _______ (admit) this should be perceived not as a weakness, but as a strength. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. After careful editing and polishing, the result was a much ______ (good) essay than the last. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. In a successful, stable and productive society, all jobs are ________ (equal) important and no one is superior to another. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. New knowledge is constantly being generated and what we already know ______ (revise) all the time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and ________ (benefit). (所给词适当形式填空) 57. When ______ (answer), try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. Prior to the interview, ensure you make good _________ (prepare). (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. __________ (similar), the little things you do can make a difference! (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. But some language communities oppose________ (adopt) words from other cultures. （所给词的适当形式填空） 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Go back, Mom! Go back!” shouted my six-year-old daughter, June. I quickly turned around to cast my doubtful eyes on the backseat. worried. I had forgotten her younger sister, Scarlett. I was relieved to see the girls safe and sit in their car seats. but June’s expression was one of pure anxiety. As I looked back from the driver’s seat, I found a young man in rags playing his guitar. His skinny, poor-looking dog rested next to his feet near an old, worn cardboard sign that read, “Homeless, please help.” We’d come across homeless people before and had talked about their needs and struggles. I should seize the chance to set a good example for my daughters to give a helping hand. So I searched for some cash, only to find I had nothing but credit cards. So I told June I didn’t have any cash. To my surprise, June opened her little pink purse and offered to give him a five-dollar bill, I responded with a sigh of relief, “Oh good. I’ll pay you back when we get home.” “No, Mom. I don’t want you to pay me back. I want to help him and give him my money.” she replied. As we drove down the crowded rows of the parking lot, I told her that we would get to him. When we got there, I called out. “Excuse me. sir!” He cautiously walked toward our car and answered, “Yes ma’am?” June stretched out her entire body to hand him her five-dollar bill through the window and explained, “I want you to have this.” He smiled and hesitatingly asked, “This was your money?” “Yes! I want you to have it,” she proudly answered. “Thank you,” he said, touched by her thoughtfulness. We exchanged a smile, and as we drove away, my younger daughter Scarlett began to cry. I noticed that she had emptied her purse with two quarters in her tiny hands and insisted on giving all her money to the young man. 注意 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I had no choice but to turn around. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The gentleman tightly held the coins in his dirt-stained hand. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025 学年度第二学期高二年级期中考试 英语 2025.4 考试时间：120 分钟 总分：150 分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman occupy herself in doing? A. Taking dance classes. B. Finishing reports. C. Preparing for a long race. 2. What does the man think of his job? A. It’s enjoyable. B. It’s boring. C. It’s worrying. 3. What is the woman mainly doing? A. Sharing experience in checking price labels. B. Giving tips on washing clothes properly. C. Praising the man’s laundry service. 4 Who might Sarah be? A. An HR director. B. A saleswoman. C. An accountant. 5. How did the man go to work today? A. On foot. B. By subway. C. By car. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. Why is the woman unwilling to get an electronic lock? A. It is too expensive. B. She might forget the password. C. It may have some technical problems. 7. What does the man suggest doing? A. Picking a well-recognized brand. B. Carrying a spare traditional key. C. Downloading an app to their smartphones. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What has impressed Lisa most about her dormitory life? A. Having discussions on courses. B. Watching late-night movies. C. Taking part in DIY projects. 9. What has Lisa learned from her dormitory life? A. Calmness. B. Independence. C. Responsibility. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What subject does the man teach? A. World history. B. Literature. C. Science. 11. What does the man think can better help students engage in preservation? A. Holding some competitions. B. Organizing field trips to museums. C. Encouraging them to do volunteer work. 12. What is the point of preserving cultural heritage according to the woman? A. It teaches people about diversity. B. It connects people to their roots. C. It positively influences the future. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What is the man’s first piece of advice for the woman? A. Setting off at her own speed. B. Wearing a helmet at all times. C. Exploring different routes. 14. Where does the man normally go cycling? A. Along the coast. B. In the nearby park. C. In the mountains. 15. What is the longest distance the man has cycled? A. 50 kilometers. B. 100 kilometers. C. 150 kilometers. 16. Why does the man enjoy group rides? A. They help break his cycling record. B. They give him a sense of belonging. C. They usually involve intense competition. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What was mentioned in the open letter? A. The concern about AI affecting human creativity in writing. B. The role of science fiction in influencing AI development. C. The potential benefits of AI in the field of writing. 18. What is the main topic of the book HUM? A. A fact-checking program with the power to change facts. B. A poet who agrees to work with an AI poetry company. C. A wife and mother who is out of work due to AI. 19. Who is Ryan Doherty? A. A government worker. B. A doctor. C. A director. 20. Which work was created with the help of AI? A. Sike. B. Death of an Author. C. In Our Likeness. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Failure isn’t the end, unless you let it be. Don’t believe me? Here are four people who lived through failure before going on to become names known around the world. Walt Disney Disney began his career by being fired by a newspaper for not being creative enough. Later, his Mickey Mouse cartoons were rejected because they were considered to be “too scary for women”. Also, The Three Little Pigs was turned down because it only had four characters. Thankfully, we have the Disney Company today because Disney chose not to listen to any of his critics and press forward towards his dreams. Stephen King King is a best-selling writer whose work has been made into several motion pictures. However, his first work was rejected 30 times, which led to King throwing it in the trash. Thankfully, his wife persuaded him to keep working at it, and—from that poor start—Carrie was born. Milton Hershey The man who blessed us with the sweet milk chocolate treat we all love wasn’t a hit the first time around. He once worked for a local candy factory. But when he went out on his own, he failed miserably. Then he returned to the family farm and perfected the art of making delicious milk chocolate candy, which we enjoy today. Theodor Geisel This author struggled to write a novel that publishing companies would call “pure rubbish” several times — 27 to be exact. The man just wouldn’t quit though. One fateful night, he ran into an old friend who was a children’s literature editor. The friend agreed to publish Geisel’s work. Better known today as Dr. Seuss, Geisel was never again called a failure after his first book became a hit. 1 Why is the Disney Company known to us nowadays? A. Disney was rejected many times. B. Disney improved his works later. C. Disney got fired and began his career. D. Disney ignored critics and fought for his dreams. 2. What is Milton Hershey famous for today? A. His big family farm. B. His successful art career. C. His delicious milk chocolate candy. D. His experience in making milk chocolate. 3. What do the people mentioned have in common? A. They have a gift for making money. B. They suffered several defeats on the path to success. C. They are creative and highly educated. D. They were successful at the very start. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位名人的经历，这四个人在获得成功之前都遭遇了失败。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Walt Disney部分中“Thankfully, we have the Disney Company today because Disney chose not to listen to any of his critics and press forward towards his dreams.(值得庆幸的是，我们有今天的迪士尼公司，因为迪士尼选择不听任何批评，继续朝着自己的梦想前进)”可知，今天我们都知道迪士尼公司是因为Disney没有听取任何批评家的意见，坚持为梦想而奋斗。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Milton Hershey部分中“The man who blessed us with the sweet milk chocolate treat we all love wasn’t a hit the first time around. He once worked for a local candy factory. But when he went out on his own, he failed miserably. Then he returned to the family farm and perfected the art of making delicious milk chocolate candy, which we enjoy today.(这位给我们带来我们都喜欢的甜美牛奶巧克力的男人第一次并不受欢迎。他曾在当地一家糖果工厂工作。但当他自己创业时，他惨败了。然后他回到了家庭农场，完善了制作美味的牛奶巧克力糖果的艺术，这就是我们今天喜欢的)”可知，Milton Hershey出名的原因是他所制作的美味的牛奶巧克力糖。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Here are four people who lived through failure before going on to become names known around the world.(这里有四个经历过失败的人，他们后来成为了世界闻名的人)”可知，文章主要介绍了四位名人的经历，这四个人在获得成功之前都遭遇了失败。故选B项。 B A bunch of strangers showed up at the gym in the early morning of the last Sunday of April. A few athletes were already stretching (拉伸) their arms, but most of us could hardly focus. As I was burning off last night’s wrong decision — a big meal, I saw a poster about a gym’s 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up. I always wanted to train for a marathon, so I considered this as my warm-up. Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change. It was easy to promise on paper, but three weeks of recommended exercise routines and diet restrictions (限制) wouldn’t be easy. I stuck to working out 30 minutes a day, and I didn’t disturb (干扰) my normal routine. Instead, I had to be faced with the tough work of being more creative in my spare time, thus breaking some bad habits. Overcoming weaknesses with willpower was my goal for the next part of the journey. But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that “wanting” and “doing” are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that’s hard. Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out. At the end of the challenge, I learned something even more important: Feeling the results is better than seeing them. I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. I even felt a little smarter as I researched which foods were better for my body, and learned how to make healthier meals. I felt a sense of achievement, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn’t. I felt my waist got a little bit smaller and my arms got even stronger, and I no longer felt guilty after having a piece of cake or a drink. 4. What can be inferred about the author’s previous state before signing up for the challenge? A. He was a regular gym-goer with a strict diet. B. He was physically fit but lacked drive. C. He was an athlete preparing for a major competition. D. He had an unhealthy lifestyle and needed a change. 5. What was the most difficult part of the challenge for the author? A. Physical tiredness from the workouts. B. Refusing the invitation of junk food. C. Overcoming negative thought and self-doubt. D. Adjusting to the new diet plan. 6. What does the underlined word “sabotage” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Promote. B. Prevent. C. Improve. D. Support. 7. Which of the following words can best describe the author? A. Adventurous and impatient B. Determined and strong-willed C. Active and casual D. Inspiring and changeable 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者坚持锻炼和饮食限制的经历。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“As I was burning off last night’s wrong decision  — a big meal, I saw a poster about a gym’s 21-day workout challenge, and I immediately signed up.(当我正在因昨晚的错误决定而煎熬时——一顿大餐，我看到了一张关于健身房21天健身挑战的海报，我立刻报名。)”和“Besides, I needed to stop being lazy and this was my chance to make a change.(此外，我需要停止懒惰，这是我做出改变的机会。)”和最后一段中“I had fewer headaches and more energy, and was simply happier. (我的头痛更少，精力更多，并且只是更快乐)”可知，作者之前吃大餐，懒惰，因而身体不健康，有头痛、压力等问题，由此可推知，作者在报名参加挑战之前生活方式不健康，并且需要改变。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“But the difficult part about making a challenge is realizing that “wanting” and “doing” are two very different things. Just like a career, you have to physically work for it rather than just wait for it to happen. But that’s hard. Throughout the 21 days, I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless and tried to sabotage myself from exercising. However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out.(但是，制定一个挑战的困难之处在于意识到“想要”和“做到”是两件截然不同的事情。就像一份工作一样你必须亲自去努力，而不是仅仅等待它发生。但这很难。在21天的过程中，我经常告诉自己这个挑战是没有意义的，并试图sabotage锻炼。然而，最终我克服了这种消极的想法，坚持锻炼。)”可知，在克服减肥的这一挑战时，作者常常会有挑战是没有意义的这种消极想法，且作者认为自己做不到，由此可推知，作者挑战最困难的部分是要克服负面思想和自我怀疑。故选C。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“I often told myself that the challenge was meaningless (我经常告诉自己，挑战毫无意义)”和下文“However, finally I got over that negative thought and kept working out.(但是，最终我克服了那种负面的想法，并继续努力)”可知，作者在接受挑战时常常会有消极想法，认为挑战没有意义，所以会阻止自己锻炼，由此可推知，划线单词意为“阻止”，与Prevent意义相近。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I felt a sense of achievement, too, because even though I wanted to give up dozens of times, I didn’t.(我也感到一种成就感，因为即使我数十次想放弃，但是我也没有放弃)”可知，作者多次想放弃，但是都坚持下来了，这说明作者有决心，意志坚定，故选B。 C A recent study from the Food and Mood Centre at Deakin University in Australia has cast light on an alternative approach to managing mild to moderate depression. The research suggests that lifestyle therapy, which includes nutritional consulting and regular physical activity, can be as effective as traditional psychotherapy (心理疗法) in reducing depressive symptoms. In this study, 182 individuals diagnosed with non-severe depression were randomly assigned to either lifestyle therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The lifestyle therapy group received guidance from a dietitian and an exercise physiologist. These professionals provided evidence-based advice on improving nutrition, particularly through a modified Mediterranean (地中海) diet, and including regular physical exercise into daily routine. Meanwhile, the CBT group was led by psychologists who taught strategies to manage negative thoughts and behaviors, and were provided with workbooks and self-help tools. Both therapies were structured to match in frequency, duration, environment, and group size, ensuring a fair comparison. The results were promising: the lifestyle therapy group reported a 42% reduction in depression symptoms, whereas those who had traditional psychotherapy experienced a 37% reduction. Although the study’s sample size was small, indicating the need for further research, it underlines the importance of lifestyle changes in medicine. The researchers point out that while lifestyle changes are the cornerstone of other areas of medicine, such as heart diseases and diabetes, they have traditionally been seen as ‘add-on’ to mental health care. The study’ s findings suggest that this mindset may need to shift. Importantly, the research does not say that lifestyle changes should replace professional mental health care. Instead, it recommends a comprehensive approach where both lifestyle therapy and traditional psychotherapy are available options. This would allow individuals to access the care that best suits their needs, potentially offering more effective treatment for those fighting with mild to moderate depression. 8. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A The significance of the research. B. The consequence of the research. C. The performance of different subjects. D. The process of conducting the research. 9. What does the underlined word “cornerstone” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. A side factor. B. An optional part. C. A fundamental element. D. A controversial method. 10. What is the suggestion of the research? A. Improve traditional psychotherapy. B. Include lifestyle changes as an option. C. Stick to the Mediterranean diet strictly. D. Replace psychotherapy with lifestyle changes. 11. In which column of a magazine might this text be found? A. Fitness routines. B. Health & wellness. C. Food adventures. D. Entertainment express. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚迪肯大学的研究表明生活方式疗法可缓解抑郁。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“In this study, 182 individuals diagnosed with non-severe depression were randomly assigned to either lifestyle therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The lifestyle therapy group received guidance from a dietitian and an exercise physiologist.(在这项研究中，182名被诊断为非重度抑郁症的个体被随机分配到生活方式疗法组或认知行为疗法（CBT）组。生活方式疗法组接受了营养师和运动生理学家的指导)”以及“Meanwhile, the CBT group was led by psychologists who taught strategies to manage negative thoughts and behaviors, and were provided with workbooks and self-help tools.(与此同时，CBT组由心理学家领导，教授管理负面思维和行为的策略，并提供了工作簿和自助工具)” 可知，该段详细介绍了研究中 182 名被诊断为非严重抑郁症的个体被随机分组，以及生活方式疗法组和认知行为疗法组各自接受的不同指导等内容，也就是讲述了进行这项研究的过程。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Although the study’s sample size was small, indicating the need for further research, it underlines the importance of lifestyle changes in medicine. (尽管该研究的样本量较小，表明需要进一步的研究，但它强调了生活方式改变在医学中的重要性)” 以及划线单词所所在的句子“such as heart diseases and diabetes, they have traditionally been seen as ‘add-on’ to mental health care(诸如心脏病和糖尿病等疾病，传统上被视为心理健康护理的“附加项”)”可知，这里强调了生活方式改变在医学中的重要性，也就是说生活方式改变是其他医学领域（如心脏病和糖尿病）的基本因素，所以划线单词意为“基本要素”。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Importantly, the research does not say that lifestyle changes should replace professional mental health care. Instead, it recommends a comprehensive approach where both lifestyle therapy and traditional psychotherapy are available options.(重要的是，这项研究并没有说生活方式的改变应该取代专业的心理健康护理。相反，它建议采用一种综合的方法，在这种方法中，生活方式疗法和传统心理疗法都是可选的方案)”可知，研究建议采取综合的方法，将生活方式疗法和传统心理疗法都作为可选择的方式，也就是把生活方式的改变纳入选择中。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，再根据第一段中“The research suggests that lifestyle therapy, which includes nutritional consulting and regular physical activity, can be as effective as traditional psychotherapy (心理疗法) in reducing depressive symptoms.(研究表明，包括营养咨询和定期体育活动在内的生活方式疗法在减少抑郁症状方面可能与传统心理疗法一样有效)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现生活方式疗法对轻中度抑郁有效，由此可知，这篇文章可能出现在杂志的“健康与保健”一栏。故选B。 D Cheese and red wine are basic diets over the festive period, and if you love red wine and cheese, a new study will come as music to your ears. Researchers from Iowa State University have found that drinking red wine and eating cheese can help to reduce cognitive (认知的) decline. In the study, the researchers analyzed data from 1,787 adults aged 46 to 77, and asked them to complete questionnaires about their food and alcohol consumption (摄取). The results showed that cheese was the most protective food against age-related cognitive problems, even into late life. Daily consumption of red wine was also shown to improve cognitive function, while weekly consumption of lamb was shown to improve long-term cognitive skills. However, over-consumption of salt was found to increase the risk of cognitive decline. Dr. Auriel Willette, who led the study, said: “I was pleasantly surprised that our results suggest that appropriately (合适地) eating cheese and drinking red wine daily are not just good for helping us cope with some diseases, but perhaps also dealing with an increasingly complex world. Although we considered whether this was just due to what rich people eat and drink, clinical trials (临床试验) at random are needed to determine if making easy changes in our diet could help our brains in great ways.” While the reason for the link remains unclear, the researchers believe that cheese and red wine may protect some people from the effects of Alzheimer’s (阿尔茨海默病). Brandon Klinedinst, an author of the study, added: “Depending on the genetic factors you carry, some individuals seem to be more protected from the effects of Alzheimer’s, while others seem to beat greater risk. Perhaps the silver bullet we’re looking for is improving how we eat. Knowing what that involves contributes to a better understanding of Alzheimer’s and putting this disease in an opposite path.” 12. Which of the following increases the risk of cognitive problems? A. Taking in too much salt. B. Eating cheese properly. C. Drinking red wine daily. D. Consuming lamb weekly. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Changes in our diet help our brains in significant ways. B. The diets of wealthy people were not taken into consideration. C. The study results need to be proved by more clinical trials. D. Some diseases make our world increasingly complex. 14. What does Brandon Klinedinst suggest on fighting Alzheimer’s disease? A. Developing advanced genetic treatments. B. Focusing on improving dietary habits. C. Increasing clinical trials for new drugs. D. Studying the diets of wealthy populations. 15. What is the study mainly about? A. Basic diets over the festive period. B. Possible reasons for cognitive decline. C. Feelings of pleasant music to people’s ears. D. Effects of certain diets on cognitive decline. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，喝红酒和吃奶酪有助于减少认知能力下降。文章介绍了这项研究具体的展开过程以及发现，研究人员认为，奶酪和红酒可能会保护一些人免受阿尔茨海默氏症的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, over-consumption of salt was found to increase the risk of cognitive decline.(然而，过量摄入盐会增加认知能力下降的风险)”可知，摄入太多盐会增加患认知问题的风险。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although we considered whether this was just due to what rich people eat and drink, clinical trials (临床试验) at random are needed to determine if making easy changes in our diet could help our brains in great ways.(尽管我们考虑过这是否仅仅是因为富人的饮食，但需要随机进行临床试验，以确定在饮食上做出简单的改变是否能以很大的方式帮助我们的大脑。)”可推知，研究结果需要更多的临床试验来证明。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Perhaps the silver bullet we’re looking for is improving how we eat.(也许我们正在寻找的灵丹妙药是改善我们的饮食方式)”可知，Brandon Klinedinst认为我们正在寻找针对阿尔茨海默病的最简单的解决方案就是改善我们的饮食习惯。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Researchers from Iowa State University have found that drinking red wine and eating cheese can help to reduce cognitive (认知的) decline.(爱荷华州立大学的研究人员发现，喝红酒和吃奶酪有助于减少认知能力下降)”以及第二段“In the study, the researchers analyzed data from 1,787 adults aged 46 to 77, and asked them to complete questionnaires about their food and alcohol consumption (摄取). The results showed that cheese was the most protective food against age-related cognitive problems, even into late life. Daily consumption of red wine was also shown to improve cognitive function, while weekly consumption of lamb was shown to improve long-term cognitive skills. However, over-consumption of salt was found to increase the risk of cognitive decline.(在这项研究中，研究人员分析了1787名年龄在46岁至77岁之间的成年人的数据，并要求他们完成有关饮食和酒精消费的调查问卷。结果表明，奶酪是预防与年龄有关的认知问题的最有效的食物，即使到了晚年也是如此。每天喝红酒也被证明可以改善认知功能，而每周吃羊肉被证明可以提高长期的认知能力。然而，过量食用盐会增加认知能力下降的风险)”可知，这项研究的主要内容是研究某些饮食对认知能力下降的影响。故选D。 第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a complex and challenging world, wisdom, undoubtedly, is a valuable asset (资产). It is more than just a quality; it is a rich mix of experience, knowledge, and judgment. ____16____ Here are some ways to gain wisdom. Firstly, try experiencing new chances. Variety is the spice (调料) of life. You will never grow unless you step out of your comfort zone. Staying where you are won’t lead to growth. ____17____ Changing your daily life can open doors to new experiences and wisdom. Secondly open yourself to different opinions. It is typical of human beings to have biases (偏见) but we need to set them aside most of the time. We need to be more open to different views, which will open up new ways for us. Always observe the world in an accepting way, and you will see new scenery. Train your mind to be open to others’ ideas. ____18____ ____19____ Learning is an endless process. Therefore, one should tries his best to enrich their knowledge. Take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and the list goes on and on. If something confuses you, surf the internet and clear out your problems. These activities improve critical-thinking skills, enabling you to deal with problems from various views. As we build up wisdom, we are able to solve life’s difficulties. ____20____ It enables us to meet the challenges of the modern world and take control of our lives. A. It’s never too late to learn. B. Never shy away from learning. C. Wisdom can be developed with strategies. D. Wisdom is like a compass guiding us through life. E. If you listen to different voices, you will always get to experience something new. F. Instead, you can explore new skills or visit places you’ve always dreamed of. G. By doing so, we can better understand the world and make wiser decisions. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. B 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了智慧的重要性以及如何培养智慧。 【16题详解】 上文“It is more than just a quality; it is a rich mix of experience, knowledge, and judgment. (它不仅仅是一种品质；而是经验，知识和判断的丰富组合。)”指出智慧的作用，以及下文“Here are some ways to gain wisdom. (有一些方法来获得智慧。)”指出有一些方法可以获得智慧，这说明智慧可以通过策略来培养，C项“智慧可以通过策略来培养。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Firstly, try experiencing new chances. (首先，尝试体验新的机会。)”以及“You will never grow unless you step out of your comfort zone. Staying where you are won’t lead to growth.(除非你走出舒适区，否则你将永远不会成长。留在你所处的地方不会使你成长) ”可知，本段主要讲的是要体验新的机会，不要待在舒适区，F项“相反，你可以探索新的技能或者去你一直梦想的地方。”与上文相呼应，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Secondly, open yourself to different opinions.(第二，对不同的观点敞开心扉。)”以及“Always observe the world in an accepting way, and you will see new scenery. Train your mind to be open to others’ ideas.(总是以一种接受的方式观察世界，你会看到新的风景。训练你的思维，以开放的心态接纳他人的观点。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要接受不同的意见，E项“如果你听不同的声音，你总是会体验到一些新的东西。”与上文相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Learning is an endless process. Therefore one should try his best to enrich their knowledge.(学习是一个无止境的过程。因此，一个人应该尽力丰富自己的知识。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要不断学习，B项“永远不要羞于学习。”概括了本段主旨，可作为本段小标题。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“As we build up wisdom, we are able to solve life’s difficulties(当我们积累智慧时，我们就能解决生活中的困难。)”以及下文“It enables us to meet the challenges of the modern world and take control of our lives.(它使我们能够迎接现代世界的挑战，并掌控我们的生活。)”可知，此处在讲智慧的好处，G项“By doing so, we can better understand the world and make wiser decisions. (通过这样做，我们可以更好地了解世界，做出更明智的决定)”中的“doing so”指代前文“积累智慧”，并通过“更好地了解世界、做出明智决策”这一具体结果，自然过渡到后文的“应对现代挑战”。该选项既总结前文（积累智慧的作用），又引出后文（智慧的实际效果），能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It all began on May 13 when the brakes (刹车) slammed (紧急制动). Students told BBC News that they were “terrified and ____21____” by the sudden motion. Then, they ____22____ and saw what was going on. The bus driver was unconscious (失去意识) — and seventh grader Dillon Reeves had grabbed the steering wheel. Security camera showed that Dillon had noticed the driver having a medical ____23____, causing the bus to make a turn. The boy immediately sprang from his seat, took the wheel, and ____24____ the brakes, gaining control of the situation and ____25____ the driver and his passengers. “I just knew what to do in that ____26____,” Dillon said. “The bus was turning off the road.” One student who had been on the bus ____27____ Dillon with saving the “entire bus” with his “quick actions and thinking”, and by “being ____28____”. Warren Consolidated Schools said in a news release that doctors ____29____ quickly and treated the driver. The students were placed on another school bus and _____30_____ home. How had Dillon been the only one to notice what was going on? While other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music, or _____31_____ focused on their electronics, Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him or _____32_____ his situational awareness. “What else are you going to do when you don’t _____33_____ a cell phone?” Steve Reeves asked. “You’re going to look at people. You’re going to _____34_____ stuff. You’re going to look out of the window. Maybe it is a very powerful _____35_____ — a change-the-world kind.” 21. A. annoyed B. shocked C. delighted D. satisfied 22. A. looked back B. looked down C. looked up D. looked out 23. A. emergency B. treatment C. service D. research 24. A. figured B. stuck C. sought D. hit 25. A. cheating B. losing C. collecting D. saving 26. A. generation B. instant C. chance D. atmosphere 27. A. applauded B. appointed C. exchanged D. replaced 28. A. grateful B. romantic C. brave D. energetic 29. A. indicated B. argued C. responded D. discovered 30. A. transported B. decorated C. settled D. spotted 31. A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. eventually 32. A. limit B. raise C. preserve D. prove 33. A. permit B. bet C. pursue D. own 34. A. absorb B. notice C. defend D. update 35. A. lesson B. expression C. secret D. deal 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章描述了一位七年级学生Dillon Reeves在紧急情况下，勇敢且迅速地采取行动，控制失控的校车，挽救了司机和乘客的生命。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们告诉BBC新闻，公交车突然的急刹车让他们“害怕又震惊”。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. shocked震惊的；C. delighted高兴的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文“It all began on May 13 when the brakes (刹车) slammed (紧急制动).”以及空后的“by the sudden motion”可推测，事发突然，学生们自然感到震惊。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：随后，他们抬起头，看到了发生的事情。A. looked back往回看；B. looked down向下看；C. looked up抬头看；D. looked out小心。根据下文“While other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music, or ____11____ focused on their electronics”可知，事情发生的时候，学生们正埋头玩手机等；再根据下文“saw what was going on”可知，学生感到急刹车后抬头才看到了发生的事情。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：监控摄像头显示，Dillon注意到司机突发医疗紧急状况，导致公交车开始转向。A. emergency紧急情况；B. treatment治疗；C. service服务；D. research研究。根据上文“The bus driver was unconscious (失去意识)”可知，司机突发医疗紧急状况，失去了意识。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩立刻从座位上跳起来，握住方向盘并踩下刹车，控制住了局面，救了司机和车上的乘客。A. figured计算出、弄明白；B. stuck卡住、困住C. sought寻求；D. hit击打，踩（刹车等）。根据下文“gaining control of the situation”可知，男孩及时踩下了刹车。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩立刻从座位上跳起来，握住方向盘并踩下刹车，控制住了局面，救了司机和车上的乘客。A. cheating作弊；B. losing失去；C. collecting收集；D. saving拯救、节省。根据上文“The boy immediately sprang from his seat, took the wheel, and ____4____ the brakes, gaining control of the situation”以及下文“One student who had been on the bus ____7____ Dillon with saving the “entire bus” with his “quick actions and thinking”, and by “being ____8____ ”.”可推测，Dillon救下了司机和车上的乘客。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在那一瞬间，我只知道该怎么做，”Dillon说，“公交车当时正偏离道路。”A. generation一代；B. instant瞬间；C. chance机会；D. atmosphere氛围。根据句意可知，Dillon 说在那个“瞬间”他知道该怎么做。也就是，Dillon在危急瞬间及时出手，所以才救下了司机和乘客。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：车上的一名学生称赞Dillon凭借“迅速的行动和敏捷的思维”以及“勇敢的表现”拯救了“整辆公交车”。A. applauded鼓掌、称赞；B. appointed任命；C. exchanged交换；D. replaced替换。根据下文“with saving the “entire bus” with his “quick actions and thinking”, and by “being ____8____ ””可知，这位学生称赞Dillon反应迅速，非常勇敢。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：车上的一名学生称赞Dillon凭借“迅速的行动和敏捷的思维”以及“勇敢的表现”拯救了“整辆公交车”。A. grateful感激的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. brave勇敢的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文内容可知，Dillon在紧急情况下及时采取行动，这是一种勇敢的表现。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：沃伦联合学校在一份新闻稿中表示，医生迅速做出响应并对司机进行了治疗。A. indicated表明；B. argued争论；C. responded回复、回应；D. discovered发现。根据下文“treated the driver”可知，医生迅速做出响应，救治司机。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们被转移到另一辆校车上送回了家。A. transported运输、运送；B. decorated装饰；C. settled解决、定居；D. spotted发现。根据上文“The students were placed on another school bus”可知，其他学生被转移到另一辆校车上运送回家。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子在玩手机、听音乐，或者专注于他们的电子设备时，Dillon没有手机分散他对周围世界的注意力，也不会限制他对周围情况的感知。A. therefore因此；B. otherwise以其他方式、除此以外；C. however然而；D. eventually最终。根据上文“other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music”以及空后的“focused on their electronics”可推测，这里表示除了玩手机、听音乐之外的其他专注于电子设备的方式。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子在玩手机、听音乐，或者专注于他们的电子设备时，Dillon没有手机分散他对周围世界的注意力，也不会限制他对周围情况的感知。A. limit限制；B. raise提高、筹集；C. preserve保存；D. prove证明。根据上文“Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him”可推测，Dillon没有手机，所以不会限制他对周围情况的感知。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当你没有手机的时候，你还会做什么呢？”Steve Reeves问道，“你会观察周围的人，你会注意到各种事情，你会望向窗外。也许这是一个非常有影响力的启示——一个能改变世界的启示。”A. permit允许；B. bet打赌；C. pursue追求；D. own拥有。根据上文内容可知，其他学生因为都在玩手机而没有注意到紧急情况。由此可推测，Steve发问，一个人没有手机会做什么。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当你没有手机的时候，你还会做什么呢？”Steve Reeves问道，“你会观察周围的人，你会注意到各种事情，你会望向窗外。也许这是一个非常有影响力的启示——一个能改变世界的启示。”A. absorb吸收；B. notice注意到；C. defend保卫、辩护；D. update更新。根据上文“You’re going to look at people”以及下文“You’re going to look out of the window.”可知，如果没有手机，我们就会注意到身边的事。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当你没有手机的时候，你还会做什么呢？”Steve Reeves问道，“你会观察周围的人，你会注意到各种事情，你会望向窗外。也许这是一个非常有影响力的启示——一个能改变世界的启示。”A. lesson教训、启示；B. expression表达、表情；C. secret秘密；D. deal交易、处理。根据上文内容可知，Steve Reeves认为人没有手机就会注意到身边的人和事。由此可知，他认为这件事可能是一个非常有影响力的“启示”。故选A。 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Young people around the world have volunteered ____36____ (help) others in need using their time, energy, knowledge, and skills. For example, Joris, a 10-year-old boy in Seattle, has helped to protect cheetahs____37____ the threat of extinction by raising more than $14,000. ____38____ (donate) all the money he has raised, he makes his own contributions to wildlife conservation. In the last two years, Jack, together with his 14-year-old twin brother,____39____ (launch) a database to connect children with volunteer opportunities such as working for animal shelters and urban farming groups.____40____ boy, Jackson, is determined to fight against plastic pollution. A campaign ____41____ (lead) by him to promote the use of recyclable water bottles plays a part in local environmental protection. He also urges the local restaurant to sell more paper water bottles. Xiao Meng, a 20-year-old volunteer tour guide in the Palace Museum, spent three months hanging around the Forbidden City ____42____ she could remember every detail of the Palace Museum, ____43____ sounds absolutely incredible. There is no denying that we should show respect for ____44____ these young volunteers have done for our world. By doing these meaningful volunteering, young people can successfully avoid getting_____45_____ (annoy) at small things in life and focus on what is truly important. 【答案】36. to help 37. from##against 38. Donating##Having donated 39. has launched 40. Another 41. led 42. before##until 43. which 44. what 45. annoyed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述世界各地的年轻人都自愿利用自己的时间、精力、知识和技能帮助其他需要帮助的人。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各地的年轻人自愿用他们的时间、精力、知识和技能帮助有需要的人。短语volunteer to do sth表“自愿做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to help。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：例如，西雅图的10岁男孩乔里斯（Joris）筹集了1.4万多美元，帮助保护猎豹免受灭绝的威胁。protect...from/against表“保护……免受……侵害”，为固定搭配。故填from或against。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他把筹到的钱都捐了出来，为野生动物保护做出了自己的贡献。he和donate为主动关系，再由语意可知，此空可填现在分词或者现在分词完成时态，作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Donating或Having donated。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的两年里，杰克和他14岁的双胞胎兄弟一起建立了一个数据库，将孩子们与志愿者机会联系起来，比如为动物收容所和城市农业组织工作。Jack和launch为主动关系，且由In the last two years可知，这里时态应用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has launched。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：另一个男孩杰克逊决心与塑料污染作斗争。由上文“Joris, a 10-year-old boy in Seattle”以及语境可知，这里讲“另一个”男孩的故事，所以应用不定代词another，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Another。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他领导了一项推广使用可回收水瓶的运动，为当地的环境保护做出了贡献。A campaign和lead为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，修饰前面名词A campaign。故填led。 【42题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：20岁的小孟是故宫博物院的一名志愿导游，她花了三个月的时间在紫禁城里闲逛，才记住故宫的每一个细节，这听起来绝对令人难以置信。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”或“直到”可填before或者until。故填before或until。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：20岁的小孟是故宫博物院的一名志愿导游，她花了三个月的时间在紫禁城里闲逛，才记住故宫的每一个细节，这听起来绝对令人难以置信。非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：不可否认，我们应该尊重这些年轻的志愿者为我们的世界所做的一切。引导宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，且指代事，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通过做这些有意义的志愿服务，年轻人可以成功地避免为生活中的小事而烦恼，并专注于真正重要的事情。作表语，修饰人，应用形容词annoyed，故填annoyed。 第四部分 基础与写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 单句语法(满分 15 分) 46. When you ________ (strike) the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】struck 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：当你划火柴点雪茄时，我看到那是芝加哥通缉的罪犯的脸。此处使用动词strike作谓语，根据“I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，strike的过去式为struck。故填struck。 47. Apart from personal development, ___________(assume) responsibility for your action is also important for the betterment of society. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】assuming 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了个人发展，对自己的行为承担责任对于改善社会也很重要。空处作句子的主语，应用动名词形式。故填assuming。 48. They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if ________ (accompany) by a gentle smile. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】accompanied 【解析】 【详解】考查省略句。句意：它们可以被理解为亲密朋友的欢迎问候，尤其是伴随着温柔的微笑时。在if引导的状语从句省略句中，还原后为：if they are accompanied, 省略了they are。故填accompanied。 49. In ________ (respond), the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】response 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为回应，接收者发回一条编码信息，这被称为反馈。此处使用名词response作宾语，构成介词短语in response，表示“作为回应”，在句中作状语。故填response。 50. However, ________ (earn) a living is by no means the only reason why we work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】earning 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因。此处使用动名词earning作主语。故填earning。 51. In order to better adapt ________ (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ourselves 【解析】 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：为了更好地使自己适应新环境，我们必须准备好并愿意学习新技能。adapt oneself to...是固定短语，意为“使自己适应……”。空处应用反身代词ourselves作动词adapt的宾语，表示动作的执行者和承受者是同一人。故填ourselves。 52. The ability _______ (admit) this should be perceived not as a weakness, but as a strength. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to admit 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：承认这一点的能力不应被视为弱点，而应被视为优点。此处使用动词不定式to admit作后置定语，修饰名词ability，表示“承认的能力”。故填to admit。 53. After careful editing and polishing, the result was a much ______ (good) essay than the last. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】better 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：经过仔细的编辑和润色，结果是一篇比上一篇好得多的文章。根据空后than可知，空处需用形容词good的比较级better，表示与上一篇文章进行比较。故填better。 54. In a successful, stable and productive society, all jobs are ________ (equal) important and no one is superior to another. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】equally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：在一个成功、稳定和高效的社会中，所有的工作都是同等重要的，没有人比另一个人优越。此处修饰形容词important，应用副词equally“相同地”，作状语，表示“同等重要”。故填equally。 55. New knowledge is constantly being generated and what we already know ______ (revise) all the time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being revised 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：新的知识在不断地产生，我们已经知道的东西也一直在被修改。根据时间状语all the time和前文的“is constantly being generated”可知，句子应用现在进行时，且主语what we already know（我们所知道的）和动词revise之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，即be being done结构，主语是what引导的主语从句，谓语动词用单数。故填is being revised。 56. This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and ________ (benefit). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】beneficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这并不是说你在学校里没有必要学习，而是要承认，通过终身学习来更新你的知识既是必要的，也是有益的。此处使用形容词beneficial“有益的”与essential并列，作表语。故填beneficial。 57. When ______ (answer), try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】answering 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在回答问题时，试着通过给出面试官需要的所有信息来找到合适的对话平衡，以便他们能全面了解你，但不要说得太多。主句是祈使句，其逻辑主语是you，when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语you（与主句主语一致）和be动词，主语you和动词answer之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填answering。 58. Prior to the interview, ensure you make good _________ (prepare). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】preparations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在面试之前，确保你做好充分的准备。此处使用名词preparation“准备”作动词make的宾语。make good preparations，表示“做好充分的准备”。故填preparations。 59. __________ (similar), the little things you do can make a difference! (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Similarly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：同样，你所做的小事也能带来改变！空处需用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，similar的副词为similarly，意为“同样地”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Similarly。 60. But some language communities oppose________ (adopt) words from other cultures. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】adopting 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：但是一些语言团体反对采用其他文化的词汇。“oppose doing sth.”是固定用法，意思是“反对做某事”，所以在本句中用“adopt”的动名词形式“adopting”。故填adopting。 第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分) 61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Go back, Mom! Go back!” shouted my six-year-old daughter, June. I quickly turned around to cast my doubtful eyes on the backseat. worried. I had forgotten her younger sister, Scarlett. I was relieved to see the girls safe and sit in their car seats. but June’s expression was one of pure anxiety. As I looked back from the driver’s seat, I found a young man in rags playing his guitar. His skinny, poor-looking dog rested next to his feet near an old, worn cardboard sign that read, “Homeless, please help.” We’d come across homeless people before and had talked about their needs and struggles. I should seize the chance to set a good example for my daughters to give a helping hand. So I searched for some cash, only to find I had nothing but credit cards. So I told June I didn’t have any cash. To my surprise, June opened her little pink purse and offered to give him a five-dollar bill, I responded with a sigh of relief, “Oh good. I’ll pay you back when we get home.” “No, Mom. I don’t want you to pay me back. I want to help him and give him my money.” she replied. As we drove down the crowded rows of the parking lot, I told her that we would get to him. When we got there, I called out. “Excuse me. sir!” He cautiously walked toward our car and answered, “Yes ma’am?” June stretched out her entire body to hand him her five-dollar bill through the window and explained, “I want you to have this.” He smiled and hesitatingly asked, “This was your money?” “Yes! I want you to have it,” she proudly answered. “Thank you,” he said, touched by her thoughtfulness. We exchanged a smile, and as we drove away, my younger daughter Scarlett began to cry. I noticed that she had emptied her purse with two quarters in her tiny hands and insisted on giving all her money to the young man. 注意 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I had no choice but to turn around. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The gentleman tightly held the coins in his dirt-stained hand. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I had no choice but to turn around. Seeing our car again, and feeling very confused, the gentleman returned to us. I told him that my other daughter also wanted to give him her money. He peered into the window to see my pig-tailed four-year-old grinning from ear to ear. “I want to help you!” she said proudly. Now with tears in his eyes, he said in disbelief, “You? You want to help me?” “Yes! Yes!” she replied in a childish voice, nodding happily. Then June proudly handed him her little sister’s two quarters. The gentleman tightly held the coins in his dirt-stained hand. He held his hands to his chest and expressed his sincere gratitude. We all smiled at each other one last time, with tears running down his face and mine. I watched June put her hand on her heart, close her eyes, and tell her little sister, “It feels so good to help someone, doesn’t it, Sister baby?” Scarlett agreed. With big smiles, they sank back into their seats. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和女儿看见一个衣衫褴褛的年轻人在街边弹吉他，作者想帮助他，但是作者没有现金，作者的女儿June把自己的5美元拿了出来，想帮助那个人，在把钱给了那个年轻人后，作者的小女儿Scarlett也想帮助那个年轻人，她拿出了自己的两个25美分的硬币。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我别无选择，只能掉头。”可知，第一段可描写作者的女儿把钱给那个年轻人。 ②由第二段首句内容“这位先生把硬币紧紧握在脏兮兮的手里。”可知，第二段可描写年轻人感谢作者的女儿以及作者女儿的感受。 2.续写线索：告诉年轻人女儿想帮他——年轻人看往窗户里——作者女儿给年轻人钱——年轻人感谢——相视而笑——女儿感悟——回到座位 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①递：hand sb. sth./pass sth. to sb. ②拿着：hold/grasp ③笑：smile/grin 情绪类 ①困惑：feel confused/be puzzled ②感激：express one’s gratitude/convey one’s thankfulness 【点睛】[高分句型1] I told him that my other daughter also wanted to give him her money. (由that引导的宾语从句，作told的宾语) [高分句型2] We all smiled at each other one last time, with tears running down his face and mine. (with复合结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$