Unit 4 Exploring Poetry重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习-2024-2025学年高一英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

Unit 4 Exploring Poetry 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n．含义；暗示；影响 2．reality n．事实，实际经历；现实；实际情况→real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；实际上 3．patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj.忍耐的；耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地 4．constant adj.持续不断的；重复的→constantly adv.不断地；始终，一直 5．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的；合乎情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；符合逻辑地 6．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的 7．representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表→represent vt.代表；描绘 8．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.迷人的，吸引人的 9．entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格→title n．标题，权利，头衔 v．加标题，定题目 10．allowance n．津贴，补助；限额；零花钱→allow vt.允许；给予；认可 重点词组 1．与某事终止关联，破除 break with sth. 2．把……放一边 set...aside 3．发现，搜集，查明 dig up 4．终于，最后 in the end 5．注意；重视；留心；注意到 pay attention to 6．as long as 只要 7．set up 建立；设立 8．set down 写下；放下；记下 9．in reality 实际上 10．in reward for 作为(对……的)报答，回报、奖赏 11．体谅；考虑到，估计到make allowance for 12．让某人熟悉familiarize oneself with 13．根源在于；植根于 be rooted in 14．使……有别于……distinguish...from... 15．被视为……，被认为是……be regarded as 16．be characterized by ……的特点是 17．breathe vitality into 给……注入活力 18．be inseparable from 与……密不可分 19．be representative of 是……的代表，是……的典型 20．be fascinated by 被……迷住；被……深深吸引 一、语法填空 1．He explains every problem to his students with great (patient). 【答案】patience 【详解】考查名词。句意：他耐心地向学生解释每一个问题。great为形容词修饰名词，故填名词patience。 2．The problem is worthy of (discuss). 【答案】discussion/being discussed 【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：这个问题值得讨论。作介词的宾语，用名词discussion；worthy of后也可跟动名词被动形式being done作宾语，填being discussed，故填discussion/being discussed。 3． (wrap) the wound with fabric is the first step and then you should rush the victim to hospital. 【答案】Wrapping 【详解】考查动名词。句意：用布料包扎伤口是第一步，然后你应该赶紧把受害者送到医院。动名词作主语，首字母大写。故填Wrapping。 4．I have great difficulty (cooperate) with the new mechanic who is so stubborn. 【答案】cooperating 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：我很难和那个如此固执的新机械师合作。“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略，后接动名词形式作宾语。所以此处填cooperate的动名词形式cooperating。故填cooperating。 5．The students, who voiced their opinions at the conference yesterday, are the (represent) of the Student Union. 【答案】representatives 【详解】考查名词。句意：昨天在会上发言的学生是学生会的代表。空处应用名词作表语，represent“代表”为动词，其名词为representative，意为“代表”，结合are可知，表示复数含义，应用其复数形式。故填representatives。 6．Despite lacking modern smart device, the newly (decorate) house looks extremely cozy. 【答案】decorated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管没有现代化的智能设备，新装修的房子看起来非常舒适。本句已有谓语动词looks，所以decorate用非谓语形式，decorate和house为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填decorated。 7．The building’s modern style stands in (strike) contrast to the surrounding neighborhood. 【答案】striking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这座建筑的现代风格与周围社区形成鲜明对比。strike的形容词形式是 “striking”，表示 “显著的；引人注目的”作定语，修饰名词contrast。故填striking。 8．I’m just waiting for a friend. It’s an appointment (make) two decades ago. 【答案】made 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我只是在等一个朋友。这是二十年前定下的约会。make an appointment“约会”。句子已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词，修饰名词appointment，且appointment与make为被动关系，用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填made。 9．What can we do to prevent these animals from (disappear)? 【答案】disappearing/disappearance 【详解】考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：我们能做些什么来防止这些动物消失？prevent sb./sth. from (doing) sth.意为“防止某人/某物（做）某事”，为固定搭配，disappear意为“消失”，为不及物动词，空处可用动名词作宾语，也可用disappear的名词形式disappearance，作宾语，意为“消失”，为不可数名词。故填disappearing/disappearance。 10．When it comes to (rate) restaurants, food taste and service quality are top considerations. 【答案】rating 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在给餐厅打分时，食物的味道和服务质量是最重要的考虑因素。根据 “when it comes to...”的固定用法，其中“to”是介词，后面接动词时要用动词的动名词形式，所以这里应将“rate”（评价；评估）变为“rating”。故填rating。 11． (recycle) paper can save a lot of trees. 【答案】Recycling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：回收纸张可以节省大量的树木。空处作主语，需用动名词形式recycling，作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Recycling。 12．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball (make) of plastic bags. 【答案】made 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们用塑料袋做的球尽情地玩耍。句中已有谓语can see，空处作非谓语动词，make与ball构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。 13．The museum, (locate) in the city center, attracts many visitors interested in natural history. 【答案】located 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座博物馆位于市中心，吸引了许多对自然史感兴趣的游客。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词 attracts，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。locate与museum之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填 located。 14．It is worthwhile (consider) the suggestion put forward at the conference. 【答案】to consider/considering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑会议上提出的建议是值得的。句中It is worthwhile to do/doing sth为固定短语，意为“做某事是值得的”，此处it为形式主语，不定式或者动名词为真正的主语。故填to consider或considering。 15．Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without (distract) by messages from other people. 【答案】being distracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在没有手机的情况下，我们进行了两个多小时的正常交谈，没有被其他人的信息分散注意力。空处作without的宾语，应用动名词形式，且distract“使分心，使转移注意力”和逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，因此用distract的动名词的被动式。故填being distracted。 16．She has confidence in the theory (base) on practice. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她对建立在实践基础上的理论有信心。句子已有谓语has，空处是非谓语，作theory的后置定语，theory和动词base“以……为基础”逻辑上是被动关系，因此用base的过去分词形式。故填based。 17．The two reports presented (contradict) findings, leaving us confused about the true situation. 【答案】contradictory 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这两份报告提出了相互矛盾的结论，使我们对真实情况感到困惑。修饰名词findings，应用形容词contradictory，作定语。故填contradictory。 18．The four countries use the same flag, (know) as the Union Jack. 【答案】known 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这四个国家使用同样的国旗，被称为英国国旗。be known as被称为、熟知为，此处省略be，用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。 19．The company is (constant) innovating, and its latest product is expected to be more profitable than its previous ones. 【答案】constantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：这家公司一直在不断创新，预计其最新产品将比之前的产品更具盈利性。修饰动词innovating，应用副词constantly。故填constantly。 20．There were tears and laughter, and hugs (fill) with warm memories. 【答案】filled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有泪水，有笑声，还有充满了温暖回忆的拥抱。句子为there be句型，空处是非谓语，作hugs的后置定语，短语be filled with意为“充满”，fill和hugs逻辑上是被动关系，且动作已完成，因此用fill的过去分词形式。故填filled。 21．Efficient packaging ensures that fragile goods are well protected, preventing them from (wrap) too tightly and potentially damaged. 【答案】being wrapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有效的包装确保易碎的货物得到很好的保护，防止它们被包装得太紧而潜在地损坏。prevent...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事，goods和wrap之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填being wrapped。 22．He was punished by the school because of his (cheat) in the exam. 【答案】cheating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他因考试作弊而受到学校的惩罚。空处应用动名词，作because of的宾语。空前的his是cheating的逻辑主语。故填cheating。 23．This device helps make virtual (real) a more usable and accessible technology. 【答案】reality 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个设备有助于使虚拟现实成为一种更可用和更容易获得的技术。根据“make virtual”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，virtual reality表示“虚拟现实”，不可数，符合句意。故填reality。 24． (laugh) is the best medicine. 【答案】Laughter/Laughing 【详解】考查名词和动名词。句意：开怀大笑是一剂良药。空处缺主语，故用名词或动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Laughter或Laughing。 25．The little boy was so (frighten) that he took his father by the hand all the time. 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查形容词。句意：小男孩非常害怕，以至于他一直紧紧抓着父亲的手。句中用形容词作表语。主语是人，所以用-ed形式形容词。故答案是frightened。 26．Jennifer thought that (skip) meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight. 【答案】skipping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jennifer认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的一个简单方法。空格处用动名词作主语，skip的动名词是skipping。故填skipping。 27．Boys enjoy with their fathers about international current affairs. (chat) 【答案】chatting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：男孩们喜欢与他们的父亲聊国际时事。enjoy doing sth为固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事，享受做某事”，enjoy后需要接动名词形式作宾语。故填chatting。 28．After (graduate), he worked there as a lecturer. 【答案】graduation/graduating 【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：毕业后，他在那里当讲师。作介词的宾语，可用名词graduation，或动名词，故填graduation/graduating。 29．Training hard together for over a year, the team finally achieved a (glory) victory in the world championship. 【答案】glorious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一起刻苦训练了一年多后，这支球队终于在世界冠军赛中取得了辉煌的胜利。提示词修饰名词victory，用形容词glorious作定语，表示“辉煌的”。故填glorious。 30．Tai Chi deeply (root) in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang gains great popularity. 【答案】rooted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：植根于中国阴阳哲学的太极拳受到极大的欢迎。句子谓语动词是gains，所给词“root”只能用非谓语动词，root与逻辑主语Tai Chi之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式rooted，作后置定语，表示“植根于”。故填rooted。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After about one hour and a half on Tuesday night, the 2021 Nobel literature laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah sold around 100,000 31 (copy) of his novels at a Chinese livestream show on the short video platform Douyin, 32 (generate) a profit of over 4 million yuan ($570,000). 33 number grew to 110,000 copies later that night. During his talk with English teacher-turned livestreamer Dong Yuhui, the Tanzanian-born British author, 76, 34 (share) with Chinese netizens his hometown life and immigrant experience, his writing as an outsider and teaching as a literature professor, as well as how he’s been 35 (continue) absorbing nourishment 36 nostalgia, pain and silence. Dong managed to connect Gurnah’s life and writing with the 37 (number) Chinese readers living and working far from home — Dong being one of them — who find it difficult 38 (fit) in the new environment, mostly in big cities, but also difficult to go back home and stay. The show was the last public event of Gurnah’s first China trip that began on March 5, during 39 he visited Shanghai, Ningbo, and Beijing, giving lectures and holding dialogues with Chinese writers 40 (include) Ge Fei, Sun Ganlu and Nobel laureate Mo Yan. 【答案】 31．copies 32．generating 33．The 34．shared 35．continuously 36．from 37．numerous 38．to fit 39．which 40．including 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了2021年诺贝尔文学奖得主阿卜杜勒拉扎克・古尔纳（Abdulrazak Gurnah）在周二晚约一个半小时内，于抖音短视频平台的一场中国直播节目中售出约 10 万本小说，当晚销量还进一步增长。 31．考查名词复数。句意：周二晚上，在大约一个半小时的时间里，2021年诺贝尔文学奖得主阿卜杜勒拉扎克・古尔纳在短视频平台抖音的一场中国直播节目中，售出了约10万本他的小说，创造了超过400万元（57万美元）的收益。空处应填名词作宾语，此处copy作名词，意为“（书、报纸等的）一本，一册，一份”；根据“100,000”可知，数量大于一，所以要用copy的复数形式copies。故填copies。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：周二晚上，在大约一个半小时的时间里，2021年诺贝尔文学奖得主阿卜杜勒拉扎克・古尔纳在短视频平台抖音的一场中国直播节目中，售出了约10万本他的小说，创造了超过400万元（57万美元）的收益。空处应填非谓语动词作结果状语，generate与前面整句话之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填generating。 33．考查冠词。句意：当晚晚些时候，这一数字增长到了11万本。此处特指上文提到的10万册这个数字，应用定冠词the修饰，位于句首，首字母大写。故填The。 34．考查时态。句意：在与从英语教师转型成为主播的董宇辉的交谈中，这位76岁的坦桑尼亚出生的英国作家，与中国网友分享了他的家乡生活和移民经历、作为局外人的写作、作为文学教授的教学工作，以及他是如何不断地从怀旧、痛苦和沉默中汲取养分的。空处应填谓语动词，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填shared。 35．考查副词。句意：在与从英语教师转型成为主播的董宇辉的交谈中，这位76岁的坦桑尼亚出生的英国作家，与中国网友分享了他的家乡生活和移民经历、作为局外人的写作、作为文学教授的教学工作，以及他是如何不断地从怀旧、痛苦和沉默中汲取养分的。，空处应填副词作状语，修饰动词absorbing，continuously为副词，表示“不断地”。故填continuously。 36．考查介词。句意：在与从英语教师转型成为主播的董宇辉的交谈中，这位76岁的坦桑尼亚出生的英国作家，与中国网友分享了他的家乡生活和移民经历、作为局外人的写作、作为文学教授的教学工作，以及他是如何不断地从怀旧、痛苦和沉默中汲取养分的。absorb...from...是固定搭配，意为“从…… 中吸收”。故填from。 37．考查形容词。句意：董宇辉成功地将古尔纳的生活和写作与众多在远离家乡的地方生活和工作的中国读者（董宇辉自己也是其中之一）联系起来，这些读者发现很难融入新的环境（大多是在大城市），但也很难回到家乡并停留下来。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词短语Chinese readers，numerous为形容词，表示“众多的”。故填numerous。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：董宇辉成功地将古尔纳的生活和写作与众多在远离家乡的地方生活和工作的中国读者（董宇辉自己也是其中之一）联系起来，这些读者发现很难融入新的环境（大多是在大城市），但也很难回到家乡并停留下来。“find it + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。故填to fit。 39．考查定语从句。句意：这场直播是古尔纳从3月5日开始的首次中国之行的最后一场公开活动，在此次中国之行期间，他访问了上海、宁波和北京，举办了讲座，并与包括格非、孙甘露和诺贝尔文学奖得主莫言在内的中国作家进行了对话。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Gurnah’s first China trip，指物，关系词在从句中作介词during的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 40．考查介词。句意：这场直播是古尔纳从3月5日开始的首次中国之行的最后一场公开活动。在此次中国之行期间，他访问了上海、宁波和北京，举办了讲座，并与包括格非、孙甘露和诺贝尔文学奖得主莫言在内的中国作家进行了对话。分析句子可知，空处应填介词，与后面的名词构成介词短语，作后置定语，修饰writers，including为介词，表示“包括”。故填including。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Hemingway’s Art of Omission (省略) Ernest Hemingway, celebrated for his plain prose, believed that profound truths hide beneath simplicity. 41 (grow) up in Illinois, he developed a love for outdoor adventures — experiences 42 later provided raw material for his war novels. When World War I broke out, Hemingway, rejected by the army 43 poor eyesight, volunteered as an ambulance driver. This decision marked the beginning of his lifelong fascination with exploring human courage in extreme conditions. A Farewell to Arms, published in 1929, remains one of literature’s 44 (moving) anti-war statements. Central to his writing was the “iceberg theory” — the idea 45 omitting unnecessary details allows readers to perceive deeper meanings. In The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago’s battle with the marlin becomes a universal metaphor for perseverance. What astonished critics was how Hemingway managed 46 (convey) existential despair through deceptively simple dialogues. Hemingway’s personal life, however, was anything but peaceful. Married four times, he struggled with depression, yet his characters, 47 often faced hardship with steady determination, showed great strength and bravery. The writer once compared crafting fiction to bullfighting: “It’s not about describing every drop of blood, but making readers feel the horn’s shadow.” This principle explains why his stories, 48 (write) in simple language, strike emotional chords. Today, as AI attempts to imitate his style, we 49 (remind) that Hemingway’s true legacy lies not in what he wrote, 50 in what he dared to leave unsaid — a testament to the power of disciplined silence. 【答案】 41．Growing 42．that/which 43．due to 44．most moving 45．that 46．to convey 47．who 48．written 49．are reminded 50．but 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国著名作家Ernest Hemingway的创作理念、个人经历及其作品特色，同时探讨了他在文学史上的独特地位与深远影响 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：他在伊利诺伊州长大，对户外探险产生了热爱，这些经历后来为他的战争小说提供了素材。句中谓语是developed，空格处用非谓语动词，he和grow之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Growing。 42．考查定语从句。句意：他在伊利诺伊州长大，对户外探险产生了热爱，这些经历后来为他的战争小说提供了素材。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是experiences，指物，因此空格处用关系代词that或which，故填that或which。 43．考查介词短语。句意：第一次世界大战爆发时，海明威因视力不佳而被军队拒绝，自愿成为一名救护车司机。由“poor eyesight”可知，句子表示“第一次世界大战爆发时，海明威因视力不佳而被军队拒绝”，空格处意为“因为”，是介词短语due to，故填due to。 44．考查形容词最高级。句意：《永别了，武器》出版于1929年，至今仍是文学作品中最动人的反战宣言之一。根据语境可知，句子表示“《永别了，武器》出版于1929年，至今仍是文学作品中最动人的反战宣言之一”，空格处用最高级most moving。故填most moving。 45．考查同位语从句。句意：他写作的核心是“冰山理论”——省略不必要的细节可以让读者理解更深层次的含义。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 46．考查非谓语动词。句意：令评论家惊讶的是海明威如何通过看似简单的对话来传达存在主义的绝望。manage to do sth.是固定短语，意为“设法做成某事”，因此空格处用不定式to convey。故填to convey。 47．考查定语从句。句意：他结过四次婚，与抑郁症作斗争，但他笔下的人物却经常以坚定的决心面对困难，表现出巨大的力量和勇气。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是characters，指人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个原则解释了为什么他的故事，用简单的语言写的，触动情感的心弦。why引导的宾语从句中谓语是strike，空格处用非谓语动词，stories和write之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填written。 49．考查动词语态。句意：今天，当人工智能试图模仿他的风格时，我们被提醒，海明威真正的遗产不在于他写了什么，而在于他敢于留下的东西——这是有纪律的沉默的力量的证明。我们是被提醒，由Today可知，句子时态是一般现在时，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语we是复数，因此空格处是are reminded。故填are reminded。 50．考查固定搭配。句意：今天，当人工智能试图模仿他的风格时，我们被提醒，海明威真正的遗产不在于他写了什么，而在于他敢于留下的东西——这是有纪律的沉默的力量的证明。not...but...是固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”，因此空格处用but，故填but。 二、单词拼写 51．He (经历) an expensive operation to give him back his sight last year. 【答案】underwent 【详解】考查动词。句意：去年，他经历了一场花费高昂的手术，得以重见光明。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“经历”应用undergo，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且由last year可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填underwent。 52．We have been looking forward to (改善) our environment. 【答案】improving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一直都在期待着改善我们的环境。根据汉语提示“改善”可知，此处应用动词improve。“look forward to”是固定短语，意为“期待；盼望”，其中“to”是介词，后面接动词时要用动词-ing形式，即动名词形式。故填 improving。 53．The film Wolf Warrior directed by Wu Jing, (发行) in 2015, turned out to be a great hit. 【答案】released 【详解】考查动词。句意：2015年上映的吴京导演的电影《战狼》大获成功。根据汉语提示可知用动词release，与film构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填released。 54．In the valley stands a house (围绕) with trees. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：山谷里矗立着一座树木环绕的房子。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动词surround“围绕”，作后置定语修饰名词a house，结合语境可知，空处动词surround与名词a house之间是被动关系，表示房子被树木环绕，所以空处需用过去分词surrounded作后置定语。故填surrounded。 55．The rescue team (把……归功于) the survival of the trapped miners to their advanced technology and swift action. 【答案】owed 【详解】考查动词。句意：救援队将被困矿工的幸存归功于他们先进的技术和迅速的行动。根据提示的汉语可知，表示“把……归功于”应为owe，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填owed。 56．When we feel offended by someone, we can tell him to his face instead of (抱怨) behind his back. 【答案】complaining 【详解】考查动名词。句意：当我们被某人冒犯时，我们可以当面告诉他，而不是在背后抱怨。instead of是介词短语，其后接动词时要用动名词形式。“抱怨”的英文是complain，其动名词形式为complaining。故填complaining。 57． (代表) our school at the international event is an honor for me. 【答案】Representing 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：代表我们学校参加国际活动对我来说是一种荣幸。“代表”在这里是个动词，可以使用represent，分析句子结构，发现“代表”是主语，应该使用动名词形式。还要注意首字母大写。故答案是Representing。 58． (聊天) online enables you to communicate in real time with people all over the world. 【答案】Chatting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：网上聊天使你能够与世界各地的人实时交流。“聊天”为chat，本句为动名词作主语，表经常性、习惯性的行为，首字母大写。故填Chatting。 59．The draft resolution (提交) by the committee was declined finally. 【答案】submitted 【详解】考查动词。句意：委员会提交的决议草案最后被拒绝了。根据所给中文提示词，应是submit意为“提交”，本句已有谓语was declined，所以submit用非谓语形式，根据空后的by可知，用过去分词表被动。故填submitted。 60．I know there’s no use (抗议) the decision made by the boss, but I still want to do that to change his mind. 【答案】protesting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我知道抗议老板的决定没有用，但我还是想这么做来改变他的想法。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词protest，固定句型there is no use doing sth.“做某事没有用”，此处为动名词作主语。故填protesting。 三、完成句子 61．防止这些不良习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。 To prevent harmful habits like these from is essential. 【答案】dominating teenagers’ lives 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“支配”应用dominate，为动词；表示“青少年的生活”应用teenagers’ lives，作动词后宾语，且介词from后应用动名词形式。故填dominating teenagers’ lives。 62．过了一阵子，她发现上网可以帮助她减轻孤独和无聊。 After a while, she discovered that could help her feel less lonely and bored. 【答案】surfing the Internet 【详解】考查动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“上网”，是surf the Internet，空格处用动名词作that从句中的主语，故填surfing the Internet。 63．有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”（使用base的短语） There is the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” 【答案】a famous saying based on 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“一条基于……的著名谚语”，“一条著名谚语”是a famous saying，“基于”是be based on，句中谓语是is，saying和base之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，因此空格处是a famous saying based on。故填a famous saying based on。 64．宝宝穿着印花的连身衣，挥动着她手中的拨浪鼓。 The baby, a flowery jumpsuit, waved her rattle. 【答案】 dressed in 【详解】考查动词短语和过去分词。分析句子和句意可知，空处表示“穿着”，动词短语be dressed in表示“穿着……”，句中“waved”是谓语动词，be dressed in省略be，用过去分词作定语。故空①填dressed；空②填in。 65．我受够了跟在你后面收拾。 I’m fed up with after you! 【答案】 clearing up 【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“收拾”，是固定短语clear up，with是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填①clearing②up。 66．“ British culture has helped, ”she said. “融入英国文化让我受益匪浅，”她说到。 【答案】 Engaging in 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意“融入”可知，句中涉及固定短语“engage in …”，意为“融入……”，句中有谓语动词“has helped”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中应用动名词作主语，“engage”的动名词为“engaging”，句首单词首字母大写，故空格处应用“Engaging in”。故填Engaging in。 67． the habit of smoking is easy, but it is difficult to quit. 染上吸烟的习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难。 【答案】 Getting into 【详解】考查动词短语。“染上……的习惯”用动词短语get into the habit of...，作分句主语，用动名词形式getting into；句首单词首字母大写。故填Getting；into。 68．附近燃放的烟花引发了巨大的声响。 The loud noise was caused by the fireworks nearby. 【答案】 set off 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“燃放”应用set off，为动词短语，与the fireworks为被动关系，这里应用过去分词作定语，修饰前面名词fireworks。故填set off。 69．经历了无数困难后，他终于实现了成为一名职业音乐家的梦想。 numerous difficulties, he finally achieved his dream of becoming a professional musician. 【答案】 After going through 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。表示“经历”用固定短语go through，表示“在……之后”用介词after，所以go through应用动名词形式going through，句首单词，首字母应大写。故填After going through。 70．After college, he decided to go downtown to seek his fortune. 大学毕业以后，他决定去城里寻找发财的机会。 【答案】 graduating from 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“从……毕业”使用动词短语graduate from，空处作介词After的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填①graduating②from。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Exploring Poetry 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→ n．含义；暗示；影响 2．reality n．事实，实际经历；现实；实际情况→ adj.真的 → adv.真正地；实际上 3． patience n．耐心；忍耐力→ adj.忍耐的；耐心的 n．病人 → adv.耐心地 4．constant adj.持续不断的；重复的→ adv.不断地；始终，一直 5．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的；合乎情理的→ adv.逻辑上；符合逻辑地 6．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众 → adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的 7． representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 → vt.代表；描绘 8．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→ adj.迷人的，吸引人的 9．entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格→ n．标题，权利，头衔 v．加标题，定题目 10．allowance n．津贴，补助；限额；零花钱→ vt.允许；给予；认可 重点词组 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．与某事终止关联，破除 2．把……放一边 3．发现，搜集，查明 4．终于，最后 5．注意；重视；留心；注意到 6．as long as 7．set up 8．set down 9．in reality 10．in reward for 11．体谅；考虑到，估计到 12．让某人熟悉 13．根源在于；植根于 14．使……有别于…… 15．被视为……，被认为是…… 16．be characterized by 17．breathe vitality into 18．be inseparable from 19．be representative of 20．be fascinated by 一、语法填空 1．He explains every problem to his students with great (patient). 2．The problem is worthy of (discuss). 3． (wrap) the wound with fabric is the first step and then you should rush the victim to hospital. 4．I have great difficulty (cooperate) with the new mechanic who is so stubborn. 5．The students, who voiced their opinions at the conference yesterday, are the (represent) of the Student Union. 6．Despite lacking modern smart device, the newly (decorate) house looks extremely cozy. 7．The building’s modern style stands in (strike) contrast to the surrounding neighborhood. 8．I’m just waiting for a friend. It’s an appointment (make) two decades ago. 9．What can we do to prevent these animals from (disappear)? 10．When it comes to (rate) restaurants, food taste and service quality are top considerations. 11． (recycle) paper can save a lot of trees. 12．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball (make) of plastic bags. 13．The museum, (locate) in the city center, attracts many visitors interested in natural history. 14．It is worthwhile (consider) the suggestion put forward at the conference. 15．Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without (distract) by messages from other people. 16．She has confidence in the theory (base) on practice. 17．The two reports presented (contradict) findings, leaving us confused about the true situation. 18．The four countries use the same flag, (know) as the Union Jack. 19．The company is (constant) innovating, and its latest product is expected to be more profitable than its previous ones. 20．There were tears and laughter, and hugs (fill) with warm memories. 21．Efficient packaging ensures that fragile goods are well protected, preventing them from (wrap) too tightly and potentially damaged. 22．He was punished by the school because of his (cheat) in the exam. 23．This device helps make virtual (real) a more usable and accessible technology. 24． (laugh) is the best medicine. 25．The little boy was so (frighten) that he took his father by the hand all the time. 26．Jennifer thought that (skip) meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight. 27．Boys enjoy with their fathers about international current affairs. (chat) 28．After (graduate), he worked there as a lecturer. 29．Training hard together for over a year, the team finally achieved a (glory) victory in the world championship. 30．Tai Chi deeply (root) in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang gains great popularity. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After about one hour and a half on Tuesday night, the 2021 Nobel literature laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah sold around 100,000 31 (copy) of his novels at a Chinese livestream show on the short video platform Douyin, 32 (generate) a profit of over 4 million yuan ($570,000). 33 number grew to 110,000 copies later that night. During his talk with English teacher-turned livestreamer Dong Yuhui, the Tanzanian-born British author, 76, 34 (share) with Chinese netizens his hometown life and immigrant experience, his writing as an outsider and teaching as a literature professor, as well as how he’s been 35 (continue) absorbing nourishment 36 nostalgia, pain and silence. Dong managed to connect Gurnah’s life and writing with the 37 (number) Chinese readers living and working far from home — Dong being one of them — who find it difficult 38 (fit) in the new environment, mostly in big cities, but also difficult to go back home and stay. The show was the last public event of Gurnah’s first China trip that began on March 5, during 39 he visited Shanghai, Ningbo, and Beijing, giving lectures and holding dialogues with Chinese writers 40 (include) Ge Fei, Sun Ganlu and Nobel laureate Mo Yan. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Hemingway’s Art of Omission (省略) Ernest Hemingway, celebrated for his plain prose, believed that profound truths hide beneath simplicity. 41 (grow) up in Illinois, he developed a love for outdoor adventures — experiences 42 later provided raw material for his war novels. When World War I broke out, Hemingway, rejected by the army 43 poor eyesight, volunteered as an ambulance driver. This decision marked the beginning of his lifelong fascination with exploring human courage in extreme conditions. A Farewell to Arms, published in 1929, remains one of literature’s 44 (moving) anti-war statements. Central to his writing was the “iceberg theory” — the idea 45 omitting unnecessary details allows readers to perceive deeper meanings. In The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago’s battle with the marlin becomes a universal metaphor for perseverance. What astonished critics was how Hemingway managed 46 (convey) existential despair through deceptively simple dialogues. Hemingway’s personal life, however, was anything but peaceful. Married four times, he struggled with depression, yet his characters, 47 often faced hardship with steady determination, showed great strength and bravery. The writer once compared crafting fiction to bullfighting: “It’s not about describing every drop of blood, but making readers feel the horn’s shadow.” This principle explains why his stories, 48 (write) in simple language, strike emotional chords. Today, as AI attempts to imitate his style, we 49 (remind) that Hemingway’s true legacy lies not in what he wrote, 50 in what he dared to leave unsaid — a testament to the power of disciplined silence. 二、单词拼写 51．He (经历) an expensive operation to give him back his sight last year. 52．We have been looking forward to (改善) our environment. 53．The film Wolf Warrior directed by Wu Jing, (发行) in 2015, turned out to be a great hit. 54．In the valley stands a house (围绕) with trees. 55．The rescue team (把……归功于) the survival of the trapped miners to their advanced technology and swift action. 56．When we feel offended by someone, we can tell him to his face instead of (抱怨) behind his back. 57． (代表) our school at the international event is an honor for me. 58． (聊天) online enables you to communicate in real time with people all over the world. 59．The draft resolution (提交) by the committee was declined finally. 60．I know there’s no use (抗议) the decision made by the boss, but I still want to do that to change his mind. 三、完成句子 61．防止这些不良习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。 To prevent harmful habits like these from is essential. 62．过了一阵子，她发现上网可以帮助她减轻孤独和无聊。 After a while, she discovered that could help her feel less lonely and bored. 63．有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”（使用base的短语） There is the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” 64．宝宝穿着印花的连身衣，挥动着她手中的拨浪鼓。 The baby, a flowery jumpsuit, waved her rattle. 65．我受够了跟在你后面收拾。 I’m fed up with after you! 66．“ British culture has helped, ”she said. “融入英国文化让我受益匪浅，”她说到。 67． the habit of smoking is easy, but it is difficult to quit. 染上吸烟的习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难。 68．附近燃放的烟花引发了巨大的声响。 The loud noise was caused by the fireworks nearby. 69．经历了无数困难后，他终于实现了成为一名职业音乐家的梦想。 numerous difficulties, he finally achieved his dream of becoming a professional musician. 70．After college, he decided to go downtown to seek his fortune. 大学毕业以后，他决定去城里寻找发财的机会。 $$