Unit 1 Food Matters 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习-2024-2025学年高一英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版2020）

Unit 1 Food Matters 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．combination n．结合体，联合体→combine vt.使联合，使结合 vi.联合，结合 2．greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→greedy adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 3．gently adv.轻柔地，温和地→gentle adj.温和的；文雅的 4．association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→associate v．联想，联系；(使)关联 5．vary vi.相异，不同；变化 vt.变更，改变→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→variety n．多样；种类；多样化 6．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→relief n．救济；减轻，解除；安慰 7．generate vt.产生，引起→generation n．一代；产生；一代人；生殖 8．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→impression n．印象；效果 9．security n．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→secure adj.安全的 10．adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢 11．foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→fog n．雾 12．appropriate adj.合适的→appropriately adv.适当地；合适地 13．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumer n．消费者；顾客 14．innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法→innovate vi.创新；改革；革新 15．emphasis n．强调，重视；重读→emphasize vt.强调，着重 16．wrapper n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸→wrap vt.包；缠绕 17．mixture n．混合物；混合，结合→mix v．(使)混合 重点词组 1．do the trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的 2．cry out for 迫切需要 3．throw oneself into 投身于 4．out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了 5．refer to 参考；涉及；指的是 6．make up for弥补 7．tie up with 和……有密切关系 8．cheer sb.up使某人振作起来 9．let sth.loose放任，释放 10．hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要 11．fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃 12．together with 和；连同 13．be covered with被……盖满；充满着…… 14．start off出发；开始 15．all year round 全年；一整年 16．take off 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行 一、语法填空 1．I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of your (associate). 【答案】association 【详解】考查名词。句意：我写信是为了申请成为贵协会的志愿者。此处为名词作宾语，associate的名词为association，表示“协会、组织”，且特指某协会，所以使用名词单数形式。故填association。 2．There is a mutual understanding and a sense of (secure) that you both share. 【答案】security 【详解】考查名词。句意：你们双方都有一种相互理解的感觉，并且都有安全感。分析句子可知，a sense of + 名词表示“一种……的感觉”，secure是形容词，其名词形式是security，为不可数名词，a sense of security意为“一种安全感”。故填security。 3．They had closer (bond) developed with the readers. 【答案】bonds 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他们与读者建立了更紧密的联系。bond是可数名词，意为“联系；纽带”，根据语境可知，他们与读者之间形成了多种更紧密的联系，所以要用复数形式bonds。故填bonds。 4．The menu often (vary) with season. 【答案】varies 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：菜单经常因季节而异。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，The menu与vary为主动关系，由often可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，主语The menu为第三人称单数形式。故填varies。 5． (greed) ate bowl after bowl of her silicious rice pudding. 【答案】Greedily 【详解】考查副词。 句意：贪婪地吃了一碗又一碗的香米布丁。副词greedily作状语修饰动词，首字母大写。 故填Greedily。 6．The firm is working on a new product in (combine) with several overseas partners. 【答案】combination 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司正在与几家海外合作伙伴联合开发一种新产品。作介词的宾语，用名词combination，故填combination。 7．The exhibition is well worth visiting and you can see fancy vases (花瓶) of different (dynasty) on show there. 【答案】dynasties 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个展览很值得参观，在那里你可以看到不同朝代的精美花瓶在展出。可数名词dynasty(朝代)作宾语，有形容词different修饰，用复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。 8．The company’s (expand) into overseas markets requires a deep understanding of different cultures. 【答案】expansion 【详解】考查名词。句意：公司向海外市场的扩张需要对不同的文化有深刻的了解。空处应用名词，作主语，expansion表示“扩张”，为不可数名词。故填expansion。 9．Jack told me that the junk food (consume) half an hour before. 【答案】had been consumed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：杰克告诉我，那些垃圾食品在半小时前就已经被吃完了。设空处为从句谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，从句谓语发生在主句谓语动词之前，应用过去完成时，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been consumed。 10．In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an (essence) part of daily routine. 【答案】essential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在广州，早茶是日常生活中的一个必不可少的部分。essence是名词，意思是“精华”，横线后有名词part，说明应该将essence变成形容词，充当定语，essence的形容词是essential，意思是“必要的”。故答案是essential。 11．Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely, (cream) flavour, which works like a time machine transporting me back to sunny childhood. 【答案】creamy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时候，光是气味就可以起作用，更不用说可爱的奶油味了，它就像一台时光机，把我带回阳光明媚的童年。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，creamy，表“含奶油的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填creamy。 12．When she places them on the table, they look (adore) — small, round and shiny golden-brown. 【答案】adorable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当她把它们放在桌子上时，它们看起来很可爱——小小的，圆圆的，闪着金黄色的光。look为系动词，此处为形容词作表语，adore的形容词为adorable，表明主语they的性质，意为“可爱的”。故填adorable。 13．It is a (fog) day! We can’t see things clearly in the distance. 【答案】foggy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个雾天！我们看不清远处的东西。修饰名词day用形容词foggy，作定语。故填foggy。 14．It is necessary for us (sharpen) our eyes to tell right from wrong by enriching our thinking with innovative theories. 【答案】to sharpen 【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：我们有必要通过用创新理论丰富我们的思想来擦亮眼睛，分辨是非。“It is necessary for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意思是“对某人来说做某事是必要的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，故填to sharpen。 15．It has been proved that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at (low) risk of diseases. 【答案】lower 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：事实证明，爱运动的人往往有更好的免疫系统，患病风险也更低。根据上文better以及句意表示“更低的患病风险”可知，此处应用比较级lower。故填lower。 16．Over the past few years, Chinese people (impress) by hanfu as a result of increased cultural confidence. 【答案】have been impressed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：由于文化自信的增强，过去几年中国人对汉服印象深刻。由“Over the past few years”可知，impress“给……留下深刻印象”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，且与主语Chinese people为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。主语Chinese people为复数，助动词用have。故填have been impressed。 17．The old man walked down the street, his working stick tapping (gentle) against the pavement. 【答案】gently 【详解】考查副词。句意：老人沿着街道走着，他的手杖轻轻地敲击着人行道。空处修饰动词tapping，应用副词形式，故填gently。 18．Some scientific (concept) are abstract and hard to understand without the app. 【答案】concepts 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：如果没有应用程序，一些科学概念是抽象的，很难理解。concept意为“概念”，为可数名词，前面有Some修饰，所以应用名词复数concepts，作主语。故填concepts。 19．The success of any company relies heavily on (innovative), dedication, and effective leadership. 【答案】innovation 【详解】考查名词。句意：任何公司的成功在很大程度上都依赖于创新、奉献和有效的领导。空处和空后的“dedication, and effective leadership”并列作介词on的宾语，应用名词。innovation意为“创新”，为不可数名词。故填innovation。 20．It took him a long time (acquire) the skills that he needed for his job. 【答案】to acquire 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他花了很长时间才掌握工作所需的技能。此处为“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”结构，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to acquire。 21．The aim of the festival is (increase) awareness of traditional Chinese culture. 【答案】to increase 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日的目的是提高人们对中国传统文化的认识。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句，主语是aim，其后通常接动词不定式作表语，用来解释或说明主语的具体内容或目的。故填to increase。 22．Laughter is one of the most infectious expression of (emotive). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】emotion 【详解】考查名词。句意：笑是最具感染力的情感表达之一。介词of后接名词形式。emotive的名词为emotion，为“情感；感情；情绪”之意。故填emotion。 23．I can’t lay too much (emphasize) on the importance of artificial intelligence. 【答案】emphasis 【详解】考查名词。句意：我再怎么强调人工智能的重要性也不为过。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，emphasis，表“强调”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填emphasis。 24．Her version of events is different from what (actual) happened. 【答案】actually 【详解】考查副词。句意：她对事件的描述与实际发生的情况不同。设空处修饰动词happened，应用副词形式。故填actually。 25．I smiled warmly so he wouldn’t see my (nerve). 【答案】nervousness 【详解】考查名词。句意：我热情地微笑，这样他就看不到我的紧张。根据句意和前文my可知，空处应填表示“紧张”的名词形式nervousness，不可数名词，作宾语。故填nervousness。 26．The test is based on the (measure) of blood levels. 【答案】measurement 【详解】考查名词。句意：该测试基于血液水平的测量。分析句子可知，空处应为名词作介词on的宾语，measure对应的名词为measurement，是不可数名词。故填measurement。 27．For a doctor, one of the most crucial tasks might be (diagnose) an illness accurately and promptly. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to diagnose 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于医生来说，最重要的任务之一可能是准确及时地诊断疾病。空白处在句中作表语，且位于“be”动词后，应用不定式，表示具体动作，故填to diagnose。 28．We use “ ” (elder ) as a polite way of saying that someone is old. 【答案】elderly 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们用“elderly”来礼貌地表示某人老了。根据空后的a polite way of saying that someone is old可知，此处表示描述一个人年老，因此使用形容词elderly（上了年纪的）。故填elderly。 29．The parents listened to the news with a (mix) of surprise and horror. 【答案】mixture 【详解】考查名词。句意：父母听了这个消息，既惊讶又恐惧。根据前文with a可知，此处应用名词mixture的单数作介词宾语。故填mixture。 30．It took them about 50 minutes (extinguish) the fire. 【答案】to extinguish 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们花了大约50分钟才把火扑灭。根据“It took them about 50 minutes”可知，此处用固定句型It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.表示“花费某人多少时间做某事”，因此用extinguish“扑灭”的不定式形式，作真正的主语。故填to extinguish。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tea is enjoyed by people all around the world. Spring is the 31 (good) season for West Lake Longjing tea. Usually Longjing tea 32 (pick) in March by hand, but now a tea picking robot plays a part as well. This smart robot is developed by 33 university in Zhejiang. The university researchers took 34 (hundred) of pictures of new tea buds and fed them to the robot for it to learn. The robot uses an AI model to recognize the buds 35 it needs to pick. Then the robot’s arm pulls and separates the tea buds from the trees. Next, the arm quickly puts them into a box. After 36 (collect) all the buds, robot moves them from the box to a main box. The robot is made 37 there are not enough people to pick tea. In Zhejiang, about 400,000 more pickers are needed now. the robots have joined in, tea picking is still a big challenge for the 38 (develop) of the tea industry. Because of the hilly ground in the tea garden, tea-picking robots are not 39 (wide) used, but they are a trend of the future. In a positive case, 40 will be possible for the robots to take over the job of tea picking instead of people in five years. Let’s wait and see! 【答案】 31．best 32．is picked 33．a 34．hundreds 35．that/which 36．collecting 37．because/as/since 38．development 39．widely 40．it 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了西湖龙井茶的相关内容。 31．考查最高级句意：春天是品尝西湖龙井茶的最佳季节。句中有定冠词 “the”，且根据语境，此处是在描述春天是喝西湖龙井茶最好的季节，“good”的最高级形式“best” 用于表示“最好的”，作定语。故填best。 32．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：通常龙井茶在三月被手工采摘，但现在一个采茶机器人也发挥了作用。句子主语 “Longjing tea”是动作“pick”的承受者，两者构成被动关系，所以要用被动语态。由“usually”可知，时态为一般现在时，一般现在时被动语态的结构是“am/is/are + 过去分词”，“Longjing tea”是第三人称单数，所以用“is picked”。故填is picked。 33．考查冠词。句意：这个智能机器人是由浙江的一所大学研发的。“university”是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一所大学”，且“university”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以要用不定冠词 “a”。故填a。 34．考查数词。句意：大学的研究人员拍摄了数百张新茶芽的照片，并将它们输入到机器人中让它学习。“hundreds of”是固定短语，意为“成百上千的，数百的”，用来表示不确切的数量，所以这里用“hundreds”。故填hundreds。 35．考查定语从句。句意：机器人使用一个人工智能模型来识别它需要采摘的茶芽。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词 “the buds”指物，在从句中作“pick”的宾语，关系代词可用“that”或“which”。故填that/which。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：在收集完所有的茶芽后，机器人将它们从盒子里移到一个主盒子里。“After” 是介词，介词后接动词时，动词要用动名词形式，“collect” 的动名词形式是 “collecting”。故填collecting。 37．考查连词。句意：制造这个机器人是因为没有足够的人来采茶。“The robot is made”和 “there are not enough people to pick tea”之间是因果关系，后一句是前一句的原因，所以可以用“because”“as” 或“since”引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。 38．考查名词。句意：尽管机器人已经参与进来了，但采摘茶叶对于茶业的发展来说仍然是一个巨大的挑战。“the” 是定冠词，后接名词，“develop”是动词，其名词形式“development” 表示 “发展”，作宾语。故填development。 39．考查副词。句意：由于茶园的地形是丘陵地带，采茶机器人还没有被广泛使用，但它们是未来的一种趋势。“used”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，“wide” 是形容词，其副词形式 “widely” 表示“广泛地”，“widely used”表示“被广泛使用”。故填widely。 40．考查it 作形式主语。句意：在乐观的情况下，机器人在五年内代替人们承担采茶工作将是有可能的。“It + be + 形容词 + for sb/sth to do sth”是固定句型，其中“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语 “to take over the job of tea picking instead of people in five years”。故填it。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ketchup, the famous tomato sauce, is one of those 41 (product) that sound obviously American. But in fact, this common sauce has its origins in China. Chinese people 42 (make) sauces using fermented (发酵) meat and fish since around 300 BCE, and historians believe the first version of ketchup was a kind of sauce, made from 43 (salt) and fermented fishes. The sauce had fallen out of favour in China by around 50 BCE with the 44 (rise)popularity of fermented bean sauces. It was not until the 17th and 18th centuries 45 fish sauce came back into fashion thanks to traders moving between China and Southeast Asia, 46 it was known as kecap or ketjap. Having reached the UK with the help of British traders in Southeast Asia, the sauce was considered amazing 47 finally became a fixed part of the boring British cuisine, like roasts and fried foods. An important change took place in the early 19th century in the US, when Henry John Heinz began bottling tomato “ketchup”, which was spelled that way 48 (tell) it from other tomato sauce brands (品牌). From there, ketchup 49 (true) took on a uniquely American character and began its career as not only 50 universal sauce but a mass-produced brand-name article of trade that could last forever on the shelf. 【答案】 41．products 42．have made /have been making 43．salted 44．rising 45．that 46．where 47．and 48．to tell 49．truly 50．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了番茄酱这一常见酱料的起源和发展历程。 41．考查名词的数。句意：番茄酱，这种著名的番茄酱，是那些听起来明显具有美国特色的产品之一。分析句子结构，“one of those...” 表示“…… 之一”，其后接可数名词复数形式，“product”为可数名词，所以要用复数形式“products”。故填products。 42．考查动词时态。句意：中国人从大约公元前 300 年起就开始用发酵的肉和鱼制作酱料，历史学家认为番茄酱的最初版本是一种由腌制并发酵的鱼制成的酱料。根据 “since around 300 BCE”（自大约公元前 300 年以来），可知此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还可能持续下去。主语“Chinese people”是复数，所以用“have made”（现在完成时）或 “have been making”（现在完成进行时）。故填have made /have been making。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人从大约公元前 300 年起就开始用发酵的肉和鱼制作酱料，历史学家认为番茄酱的最初版本是一种由腌制并发酵的鱼制成的酱料。设空处需要用形容词修饰 “fishes”，“salt”（盐）的过去分词 “salted”（腌制的）可作形容词，“salted and fermented fishes” 表示 “腌制并发酵的鱼”。故填salted。 44．考查形容词。句意：到大约公元前 50 年，随着发酵豆酱越来越受欢迎，这种酱料在中国逐渐失宠。修饰名词popularity用形容词“rising”。故填rising。 45．考查强调句。句意：直到 17 和 18 世纪，由于在中国和东南亚之间往来的商人，鱼酱才重新流行起来。分析句子结构，“It was not until... that...” 是强调句的固定句型，强调的是时间状语 “not until the 17th and 18th centuries”，强调句的基本结构为 “It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”，当被强调部分是物时用 “that”，所以此处用 “that”。故填that。 46．考查定语从句。句意：直到 17 和 18 世纪，由于在中国和东南亚之间往来的商人，鱼酱才重新流行起来，在那里它被称为 kecap 或 ketjap。“ 6 it was known as kecap or ketjap” 是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是“China and Southeast Asia”，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词 “where”引导该从句。故填where。 47．考查连词。句意：这种酱料在东南亚的英国商人的帮助下传到了英国，被认为很神奇，最终成为了单调的英国烹饪（如烤肉和油炸食品）中固定的一部分。“the sauce was considered amazing” 和 “finally became a fixed part of the boring British cuisine”是两个并列的动作，所以用并列连词 “and” 连接。故填and。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：19 世纪初，美国发生了一个重要变化，亨利・约翰・海因茨开始装瓶番茄酱（ketchup），这样拼写是为了将它与其他番茄酱品牌区分开来。结合句意，“那样拼写”的目的是“与其他番茄酱区分开”，因此动词不定式做目的状语。故填to tell。 49．考查副词。句意：从那时起，番茄酱真正地呈现出一种独特的美国特色，并开始了它的职业生涯，不仅成为一种通用的酱料，而且成为一种大规模生产的品牌商品，可以永远放在货架上。设空处修饰动词短语 “took on”，应用副词形式，“true”（真实的）的副词形式是 “truly”（真正地）。故填 truly。 50．考查冠词。句意：从那时起，番茄酱真正地呈现出一种独特的美国特色，并开始了它的职业生涯，不仅成为一种通用的酱料，而且成为一种大规模生产的品牌商品，可以永远放在货架上。“sauce” 是可数名词，此处表示“一种通用的酱料”，表泛指，且“universal”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 二、单词拼写 51．The classroom has a friendly (气氛), where students feel comfortable asking questions and discussing ideas with their teacher. 【答案】atmosphere 【详解】考查名词。句意：教室里有友好的气氛，学生们可以很舒适地问问题，并与他们的老师讨论想法。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要填名词atmosphere“气氛”，该词在句中作has的宾语。故填atmosphere。 52．It’s not the destination that matters, but the (风景) along the way. (根据汉字提示拼写单词) 【答案】scenery 【详解】考查名词。句意：重要的不是目的地，而是沿途的风景。“风景”作省略句中主语，用名词scenery，不可数名词。故填scenery。 53．Sarah’s academic success has (增强) her confidence considerably. 【答案】enhanced 【详解】考查动词。句意：萨拉在学业上的成功极大地增强了她的自信心。“增强”应填动词enhance，动词使用过去分词形式，与空前的has构成现在完成时。故填enhanced。 54．I was in such a bad (情绪) that I finally broke down, sobbing into my palms. 【答案】mood 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的情绪如此糟糕，以至于最终崩溃了，双手捂着脸抽泣起来。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“情绪”应用mood，为可数名词，且由空前a可知，这里应用单数形式作介词后宾语。故填mood。 55．The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a (面包房)。 【答案】bakery 【详解】考查名词。句意：住在面包店附近的人对这种味道很熟悉。根据汉语提示“面包房”以及空格前冠词a，可知应填单数名词bakery作介词near的宾语。故填bakery。 56．Each word is carefully chosen by the poet to express an (强烈的情感). 【答案】emotion 【详解】考查名词。句意：诗人的每个字都是经过精心挑选的，以表达一种强烈的情感。根据汉语提示“强烈的情感”可知，此处应用名词emotion，作express的宾语。故填emotion。 57．City people who have an (强烈欲望) for slow-paced life enjoy going to the countryside on holidays. 【答案】appetite/urge 【详解】考查名词。句意：渴望慢节奏生活的城市人喜欢在假期去乡下。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词appetite/urge“强烈欲望”，且空前有不定冠词an，appetite/urge应用单数形式，have an appetite/urge for意为“渴望”。故填appetite/urge。 58．How to protect the (脆弱的) ecosystem was among the top concerns. 【答案】delicate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如何保护脆弱的生态系统是人们最关心的问题之一。根据汉语提示可知，表示“脆弱的”用形容词delicate，修饰名词ecosystem。故填delicate。 59．We can’t guarantee the arrival of trains because of the (有雾的) weather. 【答案】foggy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于有雾的天气，我们不能保证火车会准时到达。根据汉语提示“有雾的”可知，空格处应用形容词foggy，作前置定语，修饰名词weather。故填foggy。 60．It's important to (确认) the problem before trying to solve it. 【答案】identify 【详解】考查动词。句意：在试图解决问题之前确定问题是很重要的。根据汉语提示可知应用动词identify，此处为不定式作真正主语，it作形式主语。故填identify。 三、完成句子 61．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 【答案】 to sum up 【详解】考查非谓语动词。空处表示“总结”用短语sum up，句中使用句型“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”，其中It为形式主语，空处为真正主语，用不定式结构to sum up。故填①to②sum③up。 62．像我一样，这个女人正在欣赏这里的风景。 Like me, this woman was here . 【答案】enjoying the scenery 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。“欣赏风景”译为动宾短语“enjoy the scenery”，结合句意“正在欣赏这里的风景”可知，enjoy用现在分词与前面的was构成过去进行时。故填enjoying the scenery。 63．我们学校要组织这个音乐节，目的是推广中国传统民族音乐和欣赏外国音乐。（不定式短语作表语） Our school is , which is intended to promote Chinese traditional folk music as well as enjoy foreign ones. 【答案】to organize this festival 【详解】考查不定式。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“要组织这个音乐节”，用不定式表将来，作表语，“组织”是organize，“这个音乐节”是this festival，因此空格处是to organize this festival。故填to organize this festival。 64．这是她第一次独自旅行，目的是体验不同的生活。 It was the first time alone, and her intention was . 【答案】 that she had traveled to experience different lives 【详解】考查固定句型、非谓语动词。表示“这是某人第一次做某事”，用固定句型It was the first time (that) sb. had done sth.，从句要用过去完成时。从句中：表示“她”用she，作主语，表示“旅行”用travel，从句谓语用had traveled。表示“体验不同的生活”用experience different lives，此处表示目的是体验不同的生活，用不定式短语to experience different lives，作表语。故填①that she had traveled；②to experience different lives。 65．总而言之，意识到青少年的心理健康是至关重要的。 In summary, it is of utmost importance to teenagers’ mental health. 【答案】 be aware of 【详解】考查动词短语。“意识到”可用动词短语be aware of表示，不定式符号to后用动词原形，构不定式作主语。故填be；aware；of。 66．Today, about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. (estimate) 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。 【答案】 it is estimated that 【详解】考查动词和主语从句。对比中英文可知，空处表示“据估算”，结合“is comprised of”可知，此处描述当前的情况，时态应用一般现在时，“据估算”可表达为it is estimated that…，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。故填it is estimated that。 67．在解决冲突时，对不同观点保持开放的心态并尝试从他人的角度理解情况是至关重要的，这可以促成更有效的解决方案。 When resolving conflicts, it’s crucial to and try to understand the situation , which can lead to more effective solutions. 【答案】 keep an open mind to different opinions/perspectives/views from others’ perspectives 【详解】考查短语。第一空表示“对……保持开放的心态”短语为keep an open mind to，此处为不定式作真正主语；表示“不同观点”可用different opinions/perspectives/views；第二空表示“从他人的角度”短语为from others’ perspectives。故填①keep an open mind to different opinions/perspectives/views；②from others’ perspectives。 68．I the sound of the wind the cloth of my tent. 风噼里啪啦地拍打着我的帐篷的布，我在这声响中醒来。 【答案】 wake up to buffeting 【详解】考查动词（短语）和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，第一空表示“在……中醒来”，可用动词短语wake up to表示，且此处应该是描述当前的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语为I，wake应保持原形；第二空表示“噼里啪啦地拍打”，可用动词buffet“猛烈袭击”表示，且空处作wind的后置定语，是非谓语，buffet和wind逻辑上是主动关系，且行为在进行中，因此用buffet的现在分词形式。故填①wake up to；②buffeting。 69．在健康和健身上投入一些时间对每个人都是极其重要的。 It’s extremely crucial for everyone to himself health and body exercise. 【答案】 devote to 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“投入”短语为devote oneself to，此处为不定式作真正主语。故填①devote ；②to。 70．Many of these new are already and being used in some homes. 许多这样的新发明已经可以使用，并在一些家庭中使用。 【答案】 innovations available 【详解】考查名词和形容词。表示“发明”应用innovation，these修饰可数名词复数形式；表示“可使用的”应用形容词available，作表语。故填①innovations；②available。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Food Matters 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．combination n．结合体，联合体→ vt.使联合，使结合 vi.联合，结合 2．greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→ adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 3．gently adv.轻柔地，温和地→ adj.温和的；文雅的 4．association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→ v．联想，联系；(使)关联 5．vary vi.相异，不同；变化 vt.变更，改变→ adj.各种各样的；多方面的 → n．多样；种类；多样化 6．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→ n．救济；减轻，解除；安慰 7．generate vt.产生，引起→ n．一代；产生；一代人；生殖 8．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→ n．印象；效果 9．security n．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→ adj.安全的 10．adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→ vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢 11．foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→ n．雾 12．appropriate adj.合适的→ adv.适当地；合适地 13．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→ n．消费者；顾客 14．innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法→ vi.创新；改革；革新 15．emphasis n．强调，重视；重读→ vt.强调，着重 16．wrapper n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸→ vt.包；缠绕 17．mixture n．混合物；混合，结合→ v．(使)混合 重点词组 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1． 奏效，起作用，达到目的 2． 迫切需要 3． 投身于 4． 好(或美等)得不得了 5． 参考；涉及；指的是 6． 弥补 7． 和……有密切关系 8． 使某人振作起来 9． 放任，释放 10． 使人满意，正合需要 11． 破碎，破裂；崩溃 12． 和；连同 13． 被……盖满；充满着…… 14． 出发；开始 15． 全年；一整年 16． 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行 一、语法填空 1．I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of your (associate). 2．There is a mutual understanding and a sense of (secure) that you both share. 3．They had closer (bond) developed with the readers. 4．The menu often (vary) with season. 5． (greed) ate bowl after bowl of her silicious rice pudding. 6．The firm is working on a new product in (combine) with several overseas partners. 7．The exhibition is well worth visiting and you can see fancy vases (花瓶) of different (dynasty) on show there. 8．The company’s (expand) into overseas markets requires a deep understanding of different cultures. 9．Jack told me that the junk food (consume) half an hour before. 10．In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an (essence) part of daily routine. 11．Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely, (cream) flavour, which works like a time machine transporting me back to sunny childhood. 12．When she places them on the table, they look (adore) — small, round and shiny golden-brown. 13．It is a (fog) day! We can’t see things clearly in the distance. 14．It is necessary for us (sharpen) our eyes to tell right from wrong by enriching our thinking with innovative theories. 15．It has been proved that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at (low) risk of diseases. 16．Over the past few years, Chinese people (impress) by hanfu as a result of increased cultural confidence. 17．The old man walked down the street, his working stick tapping (gentle) against the pavement. 18．Some scientific (concept) are abstract and hard to understand without the app. 19．The success of any company relies heavily on (innovative), dedication, and effective leadership. 20．It took him a long time (acquire) the skills that he needed for his job. 21．The aim of the festival is (increase) awareness of traditional Chinese culture. 22．Laughter is one of the most infectious expression of (emotive). （所给词的适当形式填空） 23．I can’t lay too much (emphasize) on the importance of artificial intelligence. 24．Her version of events is different from what (actual) happened. 25．I smiled warmly so he wouldn’t see my (nerve). 26．The test is based on the (measure) of blood levels. 27．For a doctor, one of the most crucial tasks might be (diagnose) an illness accurately and promptly. （所给词的适当形式填空） 28．We use “ ” (elder ) as a polite way of saying that someone is old. 29．The parents listened to the news with a (mix) of surprise and horror. 30．It took them about 50 minutes (extinguish) the fire. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tea is enjoyed by people all around the world. Spring is the 31 (good) season for West Lake Longjing tea. Usually Longjing tea 32 (pick) in March by hand, but now a tea picking robot plays a part as well. This smart robot is developed by 33 university in Zhejiang. The university researchers took 34 (hundred) of pictures of new tea buds and fed them to the robot for it to learn. The robot uses an AI model to recognize the buds 35 it needs to pick. Then the robot’s arm pulls and separates the tea buds from the trees. Next, the arm quickly puts them into a box. After 36 (collect) all the buds, robot moves them from the box to a main box. The robot is made 37 there are not enough people to pick tea. In Zhejiang, about 400,000 more pickers are needed now. the robots have joined in, tea picking is still a big challenge for the 38 (develop) of the tea industry. Because of the hilly ground in the tea garden, tea-picking robots are not 39 (wide) used, but they are a trend of the future. In a positive case, 40 will be possible for the robots to take over the job of tea picking instead of people in five years. Let’s wait and see! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ketchup, the famous tomato sauce, is one of those 41 (product) that sound obviously American. But in fact, this common sauce has its origins in China. Chinese people 42 (make) sauces using fermented (发酵) meat and fish since around 300 BCE, and historians believe the first version of ketchup was a kind of sauce, made from 43 (salt) and fermented fishes. The sauce had fallen out of favour in China by around 50 BCE with the 44 (rise)popularity of fermented bean sauces. It was not until the 17th and 18th centuries 45 fish sauce came back into fashion thanks to traders moving between China and Southeast Asia, 46 it was known as kecap or ketjap. Having reached the UK with the help of British traders in Southeast Asia, the sauce was considered amazing 47 finally became a fixed part of the boring British cuisine, like roasts and fried foods. An important change took place in the early 19th century in the US, when Henry John Heinz began bottling tomato “ketchup”, which was spelled that way 48 (tell) it from other tomato sauce brands (品牌). From there, ketchup 49 (true) took on a uniquely American character and began its career as not only 50 universal sauce but a mass-produced brand-name article of trade that could last forever on the shelf. 二、单词拼写 51．The classroom has a friendly (气氛), where students feel comfortable asking questions and discussing ideas with their teacher. 52．It’s not the destination that matters, but the (风景) along the way. (根据汉字提示拼写单词) 53．Sarah’s academic success has (增强) her confidence considerably. 54．I was in such a bad (情绪) that I finally broke down, sobbing into my palms. 55．The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a (面包房)。 56．Each word is carefully chosen by the poet to express an (强烈的情感). 57．City people who have an (强烈欲望) for slow-paced life enjoy going to the countryside on holidays. 58．How to protect the (脆弱的) ecosystem was among the top concerns. 59．We can’t guarantee the arrival of trains because of the (有雾的) weather. 60．It's important to (确认) the problem before trying to solve it. 三、完成句子 61．你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 It is necessary for you constantly and improve the efficiency of your work. 62．像我一样，这个女人正在欣赏这里的风景。 Like me, this woman was here . 63．我们学校要组织这个音乐节，目的是推广中国传统民族音乐和欣赏外国音乐。（不定式短语作表语） Our school is , which is intended to promote Chinese traditional folk music as well as enjoy foreign ones. 64．这是她第一次独自旅行，目的是体验不同的生活。 It was the first time alone, and her intention was . 65．总而言之，意识到青少年的心理健康是至关重要的。 In summary, it is of utmost importance to teenagers’ mental health. 66．Today, about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. (estimate) 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。 67．在解决冲突时，对不同观点保持开放的心态并尝试从他人的角度理解情况是至关重要的，这可以促成更有效的解决方案。 When resolving conflicts, it’s crucial to and try to understand the situation , which can lead to more effective solutions. 68．I the sound of the wind the cloth of my tent. 风噼里啪啦地拍打着我的帐篷的布，我在这声响中醒来。 69．在健康和健身上投入一些时间对每个人都是极其重要的。 It’s extremely crucial for everyone to himself health and body exercise. 70．Many of these new are already and being used in some homes. 许多这样的新发明已经可以使用，并在一些家庭中使用。 $$